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HomeMy WebLinkAboutFOSSIL CREEK ESTATES PUD PRELIMINARY - 50 92D - SUBMITTAL DOCUMENTS - ROUND 1 - TRAFFIC STUDY1 FOSSIL CREEK ESTATES ' SITE ACCESS STUDY ' FORT COLLINS, COLORADO ' OCTOBER 1993 1 ' Prepared for: Fossil Creek Partners 363,West Drake Road, Suite 6 Fort Collins, CO 80526 ' Prepared by: t MATTHEW J. DELICH, P.E. 3413 Banyan Avenue Loveland, CO 80538 Phone: 303-669-2061 1 N CD LO C"r) z C) CD 110/315 `'' 04 +— 90/360 HARMONY ROAD + 60/135 4955y65 75/50 —LO M Ln LO W W Q co G J W_ 2 N Ln 0 I- LO �-- 35/15 CD r-CD NOW FOSSIL CREEK DRIVE 30/20 —� ) f r NOM. �� Lo 5/5 —� � �0 LO LO AM / PM Rounded to nearest 5 vehicles. SHORT RANGE PEAK HOUR TRAFFIC Figure 4 Table 3 Short Range/Phase 1 and 2 (1995) Peak Hour Operation Level of Service Intersection AM PM Shields/Harmony (signal) C B Shields/Fossil Creek EB LT/T D D EB RT A A WB LT/T D D WB RT A A SB LT A A NB LT A A Table 4 Mid Range/Phase 3 (1997) Peak Hour operation Level of Service (*) Intersection AM PM Shields/Harmony (signal) Existing Geometry/Phasing D B Improved Geometry/L-T Phases C C Shields/Fossil Creek EB LT/T E (C/D) E (C/D) EB RT A A WB LT/T D D WB RT A A SB LT A A NB LT A A (*) Level of service considering recent research pertaining to vehicle delay. I ' Given the short range peak hour traffic projections at the Shields/Fossil Creek intersection, the following approach geometry is recommended: 1) southbound Shields - one through/right-turn ' lane with a taper and 20-30 foot right -turn radius', and one left - turn lane to the east leg of Fossil Creek Drive; 2) northbound Shields - one right-turn/through lane and one left -turn ' deceleration/storage lane (375 feet including taper); 3) eastbound Fossil Creek - one left-turn/through lane (minimum of 50 feet) and one right -turn lane; and 4) westbound Fossil Creek - one left- turn/through lane and one right -turn lane. Since the west leg of Fossil Creek Drive will be built with Phase 1 of Fossil Creek Estates as shown on the site plan, the two eastbound lanes can extend from the stop bar to the first intersecting street (East ' Cornflower Circle) to the west of Shields Street. As part of the development of this property, the City of Fort ' Collins will require that one half of the arterial cross section be built along the frontage of this property. The full arterial width is 70 feet. Therefore, this developer will be required to ' pave Shields Street to a width of 35 feet west of the centerline and construct the curb and gutter along this property. This will extend for the 725 feet that this property borders Shields Street. It is recommended that the new wearing surface be extended to the east edge of the pavement in order to have a uniform surface. Figure 5 shows the recommended geometry from Fossil Creek Drive to the south property line of Fossil Creek Estates. Figure 5 shows ' how the transition can be accomplished from the existing widening on the east side of Shields Street to the Fossil Creek Estates widening on the west side of Shields Street. This is done without ' the need to acquire other private property in the area. Figure 6 shows the mid range peak hour traffic assignment, which includes the background traffic on the area streets. This ' includes Phases 1, 2, and 3 of Fossil Creek Estates. Using these traffic forecasts, a full -width turn lane will be required on the west side of Shields Street with one through lane in each direction on Shields Street. Signals are not required at the Shields/Fossil ' Creek Drive intersection. Table 4 shows the peak hour operation at the key intersections. Calculation forms are provided in Appendix E. Operation is acceptable except for eastbound left - ' 'The southbound through and right -turn volumes do not warrant ' a full width deceleration lane based upon criteria in "Intersection Channelization Design Guide," NCHRPR 279, TRB,1985, Pg 63-65. A 20-30 foot radius will allow right -turning vehicles to slow to 10- ' 12 mph to make the turn to enter Fossil.Creek Drive. This taper treatment will reduce the exposure time that the turning vehicle is impacting the through traffic on Shields Street. However, if ' Shields Street is improved to the full arterial cross section (5 lanes) adjacent to the city open space, then the western most lane should be striped as an exclusive right -turn lane. 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4z �i �I �I I I I I NO SCALE I I W � I W 4�4 i fl W t V I I I J I I N �i co) I p I I LL / I ---------------=---- ,W Z FOSSIL CREEK ESTATES IL i CONCEPTUAL STRIPING PLAN ON SHIELDS STREET AT FOSSIL CREEK DRIVE Figure 5 LO 10 o 115/33,5 95/380 HARMONY ROAD + /-65/150 60/40 --/ ) } r 525/280 --a o Ln 85/55 o 4- o 0 rn to 1 LO n o �— 35/15 CV M NOM. J + /-- 5/5 65/45 --#f ) I r NOM. o o tn 10/5 —� � �� tn F CREEK DRIVE AM/PM Rounded to nearest 6 vehicles. N MID RANGE PEAK HOUR TRAFFIC Figure 6 turn/through exits from Fossil Creek Drive. This is based upon the 1985 Highway Capacity Manual (1985 HCM) capacity technique for stop sign controlled intersections. Recent research (Appendix F) indicates that the 1985 HCM technique overstates the level of service. The expected delay to these left turns/throughs will range from 15-25 seconds per approach vehicle. This indicates that these left-turn/through exits will operate in the level of service C/D categories. This operation is acceptable. With the existing geometry and phasing, the overall operation at the Shields/Harmony intersection is at levels of service D and B in the respective peak hours. However, analysis of the morning peak hour calculation form indicates that the southbound left turns operate at level of service F and the westbound left turns operate at level of service E. Provision of an eastbound right -turn lane and left -turn phases for all approaches results in level of service C operation during both peak hours and acceptable operation for all approach movements. Figure 7 shows the long range peak hour traffic assignment, which includes the background traffic on the area streets. By the year 2010, it is assumed that Shields Street will be built to a four lane arterial standard. Table 5 shows the peak hour operation at the key intersections. Calculation forms are provided in Appendix G. Operation is acceptable at the Shields/Fossil Creek Drive and Shields/Harmony intersections. Fossil Creek Drive is one mile south of the Harmony/Shields signalized intersection. From the volume projections indicated in this traffic study, a signal would not be warranted at the Shields/Fossil Creek intersection. While the one mile spacing may be an appropriate location, Fossil Creek Drive is near the bottom of a north facing grade. From a vehicle braking perspective, this location is not ideal. If signals are needed in this vicinity, it is more appropriate that they be located 1000+ feet to the south of Fossil Creek Drive. The location would be a function of future development and the street system in the area. IV. Conclusions The following summarizes the significant findings as a result of this study: - Traffic from Fossil Creek Estates can be handled on the area streets with various improvements. At full development, approximately 1240 vehicle trip ends will be generated at Fossil Creek Estates. - Current traffic operation at the area intersections is acceptable. 5 HARMONY ROAD 00 ono ��� o --155/450 a) � 160/540 - 100/190 100/80 740/400 o o p 110/80 0 0 0 CO N c0 co G J W_ N 0 LO ^moo o o 40/20 cv Ln NOM. r + 10/10 60/40 ) f r NOM. o 0 0 15/10—� Leo o �- 0 00 CREEK DRIVE AM / PM Rounded to nearest 6 vehicles. LONG RANGE PEAK HOUR TRAFFIC Figure 7 Table 5 Long Range (2010) Peak Hour Operation Level of Service Intersection AM PM Shields/Harmony (signal) C C Shields/Fossil Creek EB LT/T D D EB RT A A WB LT/T C D WB RT A A SB LT A A NB LT A A ' - Fossil Creek Estates will gain primary access to the street system via Fossil Creek Drive, which will intersect with Shields Street at a four leg intersection. - With development of Phases 1 and 2 of Fossil Creek Estates in the .short range future, the key intersections operate ' acceptably. Figure 5 shows the geometry on Shields Street that will be necessary with the implementation of Fossil Creek Estates in the next few years. ' In the mid range future (1997) with full development of Fossil Creek Estates, the key intersections operate acceptably. It is recommended that geometric and signal phasing improvements ' be implemented by this time at the Shields/Harmony intersection. In the long. range future, the key intersections will ' operate acceptably. During peak hours, eastbound and westbound left turns at the Shields/Fossil Creek intersection will experience some modest delays. These delays are acceptable at stop sign ' controlled intersections at arterial streets. - Traffic signals will not be warranted at the Shields/Fossil Creek intersection. If signals become warranted due to future ' development in the area, signals should be considered further south along Shields Street. I 11 1 6 LI d APPENDIX A ' EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Fossil Creek Estates is a proposed single family detached ' residential development. It is located west of Shields Street and south of Harmony Road in Fort Collins. The following summarizes the significant findings as a result of this study: ' - Traffic from Fossil Creek Estates can be handled on the area streets with various improvements. At full development, ' approximately 1240 vehicle trip ends will be generated at Fossil Creek Estates. - Current traffic operation at the area intersections is ' acceptable. - Fossil Creek Estates will gain primary access to the street system via Fossil Creek Drive, which will intersect with Shields Street at a four leg intersection. ' - With development of Phases 1 and 2 of Fossil Creek Estates in the short range future, the key intersections operate acceptably. Figure 5 shows the geometry on Shields Street that will be necessary with the implementation of Fossil Creek Estates ' in the next few years. In the mid range future (1997) with full development of ' Fossil Creek Estates, the key intersections operate acceptably. It is recommended that geometric and signal phasing improvements be implemented by this time at the Shields/Harmony intersection. ' - In the long range future, the key intersections will operate acceptably. During peak hours, eastbound and westbound left turns at the Shields/Fossil Creek intersection will experience ' some modest delays. These delays are acceptable at stop sign controlled intersections at arterial streets. ' - Traffic signals will not be warranted at the Shields/Fossil Creek intersection. If signals become warranted due to future development in the area, signals should be considered further south ' along Shields Street. MATTHEW J. DELICH, P.E. 3413 BANYAN AVENUE LOVELAND, CO 8O538 TABULAR SUMMARY OF VEHICLE COUNTS Observer Date / 3 Day l;u�saA T City F0 gT �OC, L ri() S R = Right turn 7Sr(1EL S �C l 7) Ft^iSS'r� C2(=G K t2 l VG S = Left Straight r INTERSECTION OF AND L =Lett turn TIME BEGINS SN 1 [s L. D S 11 -aH /-E(- D S TOTFos-see-e2�T,C NAhL South ' TEast OTAL West OTAL TALL I from NORTH 11 tram SOUTH tram EAST tram WEST R S L I Total R 1 S I L I Total I R I S I L I Total II R S I L I Total -736 1 I$-7 1 r6$ II / 1 /371 1 1 3$ II z?-G 1I jo I I I I 11 II 1 I I 11 I Z37 7 4 s- II 1101 Z 103 1 Z. 1531 1 1 s5-I1 Z 58 11(41 I I I l� I I I II I S' 11 Z 7 3 �soo 1 1$2 4- 1 S6 to qs-1 19ss11181 11 41 1 1 1 s II I I I i5 II 1g(o II i gl 3 1 84 1 1 to I 1 102-11 1 8Co 11 4-1 1 o I II 1 1 1 I II 1 `IO II I I I II I I I I II I I I I I 730-830 11 1351 !0 1361 11 4. 4$(ol 14 0101113 S 13Z1 13 13 S11 1 1 1 1 3 s I g g (D I I I I I I I II I I I I ii I I I I II it I I II I I I II I I I I II I i I I it I i II I I I II I I I I II I I i II I i ii I I I Ii I I II I I I II I I II tl II I I I I I li I I I I II I I I II I 3011 Il0'3 1 G 1 114 1 1 10f I I /0G11 ZZv Z I 10 1 11 1 1 I 11 Z 11 zzz 4-45-1 1113 1 1ZIIZS110 951 1 '? 5- 11 'Z Z Cr Z I I o 12 11 1 1 1 1 z it zzz 500 11 11z(.o1 1 30 1 t 13g 1 1 1 3 11 2 (o9 1 3 1 I o 1 3 11 1 1 L 1 3 I Z-72- S1s i 1130 1136�I10 1its- l I11s112s-1 Isl 10 1 s 11 1 1 1 1 5 I Zslo II I I 1 it 1 1 11 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 I 4.30-53dj -,I I4 7 �I 2% I SO 6110 �4 5_31 14 !9"511 CAD 112 I 0 1 1 If 1 2- I g 7 4 ' Sin Ccce : 00000102 H-S Street: SHiEDS ST. E-, Street: HAR404Y RD, Heather : SDNNY/'WARM C17 OF FORT C.-LENS TRAF:7C Eti0;NE:iTXC Movements :y: Priiary PAGE: 1 FILE: 1.02-102 DAiE: 1012012 PEAK ?E3iOD AN lYSIS FCR THE ?ERECO: 1:30 A4 - 08:3O AM DIRECTION S7ART EAn PR ........... VOLU'?ES ........... P: CN S ....... 1 F;C4 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- lcrth PEAR HCUi 7:30 AN FAOTCR 0.77 PBS 2 Ri?at 12 Thru 293 Left 2ci Total :? ?EDS R4.11 2 Thru Left Si ij East 1:30 Al '0 AM 0,71 O'S1 CI 1 33 127 13 IV S1 2s 22. r. - 4 c. 35 23 Id 3 c3 ' Eailfe ilter3...:A AM SCC.n O.S1 1 '27 :43 2' ae5i 9 1:3 7: 5 ? SHIELDS ST. ;...; N I 1 � — — — — — — — — 1• — — — ' 1 A—+—E [PEDS ]— 2 ; 12 ; 293 I•• ; 264 ;............; 530 ...' 0 [PEDS ] ' 569 -- -- 93 ............. 120 ' ... HARMONY RD. 223 79 ' 50 51 I 453 571 HARMONY RD. ... --- ' .. . 844 .......... 68 — --- 543 ---- .................. [PEDS ] 3 ............: 29 ; 387 ; 127 ; 1 [PEDS ] 412 .. •I I SHIELDS ST. '----------- ' .. I I Cl iY OF :031 CCU INS -RAFFIC E50i it :' Site Cole : C-0000102 N-S Street: S:ME'-DS S-. E-W Street: 4AVCNY RD, Weather : Sl NNYi'WARN ----------------------- P.AG:: i FI=: 102-1092 Roveaents by: ?rnary DATE: 15/29;'32 PEAn P:iICO ANALYSIS FCR THE PE3IvD: 04:30 IN 0::sJ PN OIR:CTION START P:-A.3 4R ........... VO; FROM PEAR nOOR =.AC-C3 PEDS 3i.nt Teri Le`: -ata; .-:'S R ;:,t '.,ra Le': Nort" 4:20 PN 0,95 ---------------------------------------- 5 2i 42': 203 550 ---;----3-- - 2 :25t 4:.0 PH C. 3' 2 254 .•1 li5 7V'.i 4::J iN J ''' 1' 39: C[• yl, ;vJ Vt - . Enrre :ntars:ct�.� 17 :as: 2 23 1 2 25 �e 0 44 2a3 3i7 1 i I I SHIELDSST- . ;...; N — — — — — — — — — — . . . , W—+—E 1 1 1 S I 1 I 1 . • 1 •• 709 ... [PEDS ] 6 ; 27 ; 424 ; 209 :............: 2 [PEDS ] ' -------* *--------------- 1 I — — — 660 ---- -- 284 ' .....I.... 388 1 1 -------------- ' ..: HARMONY RD. 726 327 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 33 '-------------- I 115 I ; ----------------- ---------------- 239 316 HARMONY RD. ... ' 547 44 [PEDS ] 0 -- 525 ---- .................. I I *------------ ---- ............ : 34 392 99 4 [PEDS ] .. 583 ...; I 1 1 1 t I I I 1 I I • • I 1 1 1 SHIELDS ST. '----------- I F L 1 1 P J 1 1 1 i APPENDIX B 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 LEVEL -OF -SERVICE CRITERIA SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS Level -of -service for signalized intersections is defined in terms of delay. ' Delay is a measure of driver discomfort, frustration, fuel consumptlon, and lost travel time. Specifically, level -of -service criteria are stated In terms of the average stopped delay per vehicle for a 15-minul.e analysis period. Level -of -service A describes operations with very low delay, i.e., lees then 5.0 seconds per vehicle. Level -of -service B describes operations with delay in the range of 5.1 to 15.0 seconds per vehicle. Level -of -service C describes operations with delay in the range of 15.1 to 25.0 seconds per vehicle. Level -of -service D describes operations with delay in the range of 25.1 to 40.0 seconds per vehicle. 1 1 1 Level -of -service E describes operations with delay in the range of 4U.1 to 60.0 seconds per vehicle. This is considered to be the limit of acceptable delay. Level -of -service F describes operations with delay in excess of 60.0 seconds per vehicle. This is considered to be unaccelAuble to most drivers. RESERVE CAPACITY UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS LEVEL OF SERVICE EXPECTED DELAY TO MINOR 5111EET TRAFFIC 400 A Little or no delay 30U-399 B Short traffic delays 200-299 C Average traffic delays 100-199 D Long t.ruffic delays 0- 99 E Very lung traffic delays * F *When demand volume exceeds the capacity of the lone, extreme delays will be encountered with queuing which may cause severe congestion affoul:ing other traffic movements in the intersection. This oondition usually wurrants Improvement to the intersection. H 1 1 i 1 1 [1 1 1 i APPENDIX C 1 L 11 1 C 1 i 1 1 1985 HCM: SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS j 1985 HCM: SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS SUMMARY REPORT SUMMARY REPORT INTERSECTION..harmony/shields AREA TYPE ..... OTHER INTERSECTION.. harmony/shields ANALYST....... mjd AREA TYPE.....OTHER DATE.......... 10/9/93 ANALYST....... mjd TIME......... am pm 1992 1995 1997 DATE..........10/9 /_9� 1997 COMMENT....... 10 TIME ......... .am pm 1992 1995 ------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- COMMENT ....... 201 VOLUMES GEOMETRY EB WB NB SB : EB WB NB SB -------------------------------------------------------------------------- VOLUMES GEOMETRY LT 50 51 29 264 : L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 E8 WB NB SB EB WB NB SB TH 453 79 387 293 : TR 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 LT 33 115 34 209 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 RT 68 93 127 12 : 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 TH 239 327 392 424 TR 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 RR 5 72 72 10 : 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 RT 44 284 99 27 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 RR 5 72 72 10 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 ADJUSTMENT FACTORS -------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- GRADE HV ADJ PKG BUSES PHF PEDS PED. BUT. ARR. TYPE ADJUSTMENT FACTORS (%) (%) Y/N Nm Nb Y/N min T GRADE HV ADJ PKG BUSES PHF PEDS PED. BUT. ARR. TYPE EB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 (%) (%) Y/N Nm Nb Y/N min T WB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 EB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 NB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 WB 0.00 1-00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 SB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 NB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- SB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 SIGNAL SETTINGS CYCLE LENGTH = 100.0 ------------------------------------------- ---------------------- PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 SIGNAL SETTINGS CYCLE LENGTH = 100.0 EB LT X NB LT X PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 TH X TH X EB LT X NB LT X RT X RT X TH X TH X PD X PD X RT X RT X WB LT X SB LT X PD X PD X TH X TH X WB LT X SB LT X RT X RT X TH X TH X PD X PD X RT X RT X .GREEN 37.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GREEN 53.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 PD X PD X YELLOW 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GREEN 37.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GREEN 53.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- YELLOW 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 LEVEL OF SERVICE ------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ LANE GRP. V/C G/C DELAY LOS APP. DELAY APP. LOS LEVEL OF SERVICE EB L 0. 107 0.390 14.8 8 22.4 C j LANE GRP. V/C G/C DELAY LOS APP. DELAY APP. LOS TR 0.836 0.390 23.1 C EB L 0.262 0.390 16.0 C 15.0 B WB L 0.358 0.390 17.0 C 14.1 B TR 0.451 0.390 14.9 B T 0.126 0.390 12.6 B WB L 0.357 0.390 16.7 I C 15.4 C R 0.040 0.390 12.2 B T 0.520 0.390 15.6 C NB L 0.058 0.550 8.0 8 8.5 B I R 0.399 0.390 14.4 B T 0.437 0.550 8.8 B j NB L 0.091 0.550 8.1 B 8.6 B R 0.073 0.550 6.8 8 j T 0.442 0.550 8.8 8 SB L 0.705 0.550 16.2 C 11.9 B I R 0.036 0.550 6.7 B T 0.330 0.550 8.1 B SB L 0.531 0.550 11.9 B 9.9 B R 0.003 0.550 6.6 B T 0.478 0.550 9.1 - B -------------------------------------------------------------------------- R 0.023 0.550 6.6 8 INTERSECTION: Delay = 14.6 (sec/veh) V/C = 0.759 LOS = B --------------------------------------------------' -----------------------y - INTERSECTION: Dela - 12.1 (sec/veh) V/C _ 0.527 LOS=-------- 1985 HCM: UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS Page-1 Z ZZZtZZZZZZZ1ZtZZZZZZZZZILZZIZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZYZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ IDENTIFYING INFORMATION AVERAGE RUNNING SPEED, MAJOR STREET.. 45 PEAK HOUR FACTOR ..................... 1 AREA POPULATION ...................... 100000 NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET......... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET....... shields NAME OF THE ANALYST .................. mjd DATE OF THE ANALYSIS (mm/dd/yy)...... 10/9/93 TIME PERIOD ANALYZED ................. am pm 1993 1995 1997 OTHER INFORMATION.... 2010 INTERSECTION TYPE AND CONTROL -------------------------------------------------------------------- INTERSECTION TYPE: T-INTERSECTION MAJOR STREET DIRECTION: NORTH/SOUTH CONTROL TYPE WESTBOUND: STOP SIGN TRAFFIC VOLUMES --------------------------------------------------------------------- EB WB NB SB ---- ---- ---- ---- LEFT -- 3 0 10 THRU -- 0 486 351 RIGHT -- 32 4 0 NUMBER OF LANES --------------------------------------------------------------------- EB WB NB SB -------- ------- ------- LANES -- 1 1 1 CAPACITY AND LEVEL -OF -SERVICE Page-3 --------------------------------------------------------------------- POTEN- ACTUAL FLOW- TIAL MOVEMENT SHARED RESERVE RATE CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY MOVEMENT v(pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c = c - v LOS p M SH R SH ------- -------- --------- ------------ ------------ --- MINOR STREET WB LEFT 3 223 220 > 220 > 217 > C > 485 > 447 >A RIGHT 35 547 547 > 547 > 512 > A MAJOR STREET SB LEFT it 669 669 669 658 A IDENTIFYING INFORMATION ----------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET...... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET.... shields DATE AND TIME OF THE ANALYSIS..... 1019/93 ; am pm 1993 1995 1997 OTHER INFORMATION.... 2010 1985 HCM: UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS Page-1 X YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYxYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY IDENTIFYING INFORMATION -------------------------------------------------------------------- AVERAGE RUNNING SPEED. MAJOR STREET.. 45 PEAK HOUR FACTOR ..................... 1 AREA POPULATION ...................... 100000 NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET......... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET....... shields NAME OF THE ANALYST .................. mJd DATE OF THE ANALYSIS (mm/dd/yy)...... 10/9/93 TIME PERIOD ANALYZED................. am (1993 1995 1997 OTHER INFORMATION.... 2010 INTERSECTION TYPE AND CONTROL ---------------------------------------------------------- INTERSECTION TYPE: T-INTERSECTION MAJOR STREET DIRECTION: NORTH/SOUTH CONTROL TYPE WESTBOUND: STOP SIGN TRAFFIC VOLUMES EB WB NB SB ---- ---- ---- ---- LEFT -- 1 0 28 THRU -- 0 453 477 RIGHT -- 12 2 0 NUMBER OF LANES -------------------------------------------------------------------- EB WB NB SB -------------- ------- LANES -- 1 1 1 CAPACITY AND LEVEL -OF -SERVICE Page-3 --------------------------------------------------------------------- POTEN- ACTUAL FLOW- TIAL MOVEMENT SHARED RESERVE RATE CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY MOVEMENT v(pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c = c - v LOS p M SH R SH ------------------------------------ ------------ --- MINOR STREET WB LEFT 1 181 177 > 177 > 175 > 0 > 487 > 473 >A RIGHT 13 570 570 > 570 > 557 > A MAJOR STREET SB LEFT 31 696 696 696 665 A IDENTIFYING INFORMATION ------------------------------------------------------------------ NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET...... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET.... shields DATE AND TIME OF THE ANALYSIS..... 10/9/93 ; am pm 1993 1995 1997 OTHER INFORMATION.... 2010 APPENDIX D i i [1 i 1 I� i [1 1 LI' I. Introduction Fossil Creek Estates is proposed a single family detached residential development, located one mile south of Harmony Road and west of Shields Street in Fort Collins, Colorado. The site location is shown in Figure 1. Land to the west and north of Fossil Creek is in agricultural use (grazing). To the south and to the east (across Shields Street) are large lot residential dwelling units. These dwelling units appear to have provision for animals (horses). It is expected that the property to the north (extended to Taft Hill Road) will be open space. This open space will be passive in nature. The Clarendon Hill development is currently under construction to the northeast of Fossil Creek Estates. The center of Fort Collins lies to the north of Fossil Creek Estates. Shields Street is classified as an arterial on the Fort Collins Master Street Plan. It is a street of varying width south of Harmony Road. The segment adjacent to Fossil Creek Estates has a two lane rural cross section. North of Fossil Creek Drive, Shields Street has a three lane cross section. It has curb and gutter on the east side and a shoulder on the west side. It is proposed to have a four lane urban cross section with turn lanes at appropriate locations in the future. It is posted at 45 mph in this area. There is a traffic signal at the Shields/Harmony intersection approximately one mile to the north. Fossil Creek Drive is a local street east of Shields Street. 1 It intersects Shields Street at a T intersection with stop sign control. It serves a residential subdivision (Applewood Estates) to the east. 1 II. Existing Conditions 1 The most recent daily traffic counts were obtained in 1991. These counts indicate that the two way volume on Shields Street in 1 the vicinity of Fossil Creek Drive is about 7700 vehicles per day. Peak hour intersection counts were obtained in September 1993 at the Shields/Fossil Creek intersection. These peak hour counts are 1 shown in Figure 2. Raw data is shown in Appendix A. Peak hour counts at the Shields/Harmony intersection were obtained in 1992 and are also shown in Figure 2. With the existing stop sign control at the Shields/Fossil Creek intersection, the peak hour operation is shown in Table 1. Descriptions of level of service from the 1985 Highway Capacity ' Manual for signalized and unsignalized intersections are provided in Appendix B. Calculation forms for the operation shown in Table 1 are provided in Appendix C. At the stop sign controlled 1 1 1985 HCM: SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS SUMMARY REPORT INTERSECTION..harmony/shields AREA TYPE ..... OTHER ANALYST....... mjd DATE .......... 9/93 TIME......... am pm 1992 1995 1997 COMMENT....... 010 VOLUMES GEOMETRY EB WB NB SB : EB WB NB SB LT 55 60 35 290 : L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 TH 495 90 445 330 : TR 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 RT 75 110 145 15 : 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 RR 5 72 72 10 : 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 GRADE EB 0.00 WB 0.00 NB 0.00 SB 0.00 EB LT TH RT PD WB LT TH RT PD GREEN YELLOW LANE GRP EB L TR WB L T R NB L T R SB L T R ------------- INTERSECTION ADJUSTMENT FACTORS HV ADJ PKG BUSES PHF PEDS PED. BUT. ARR. TYPE (%) Y/N Nm Nb Y/N min T 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.B 3 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGNAL SETTINGS CYCLE LENGTH = 100.0 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 NB LT X TH X RT X PD X SB LT X TH X RT X PD K 0.0 0.0 0.0 GREEN 53.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ------------------------------------------------------------ LEVEL OF SERVICE V/C G/C DELAY LOS APP. DELAY APP. LOS 0.124 0.390 14.9 B 27.8 D 0.916 0.390 29.1 D 0.553 0.390 22.0 C 15.6 C 0.143 0.390 12.7 B 0.072 0.390 12.4 B 0.076 0.550 8.0 B 8.9 B 0.502 0.550 9.3 B 0.097 0.550 6.9 B 0.922 0.550 36.6 D 21.4 C 0.372 0.550 8.3 B 0.007 0.550 6.6 B ------------------------------------------------------------ Delay = 19.4 (sec/veh) V/C = 0.920 LOS = C 1985 HCM: SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS SUMMARY REPORT INTERSECTION.. harmony/shields AREA TYPE ..... OTHER ANALYST....... m,id DATE ........ ..10/9/93 TIME.......... am ® 1992 1995 1997 COMMENT....... 2010 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ VOLUMES GEOMETRY EB WB NB SB EB WB NB SB LT 35 135 40 235 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 TH 265 360 445 490 TR 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 RT 50 315 115 30 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 RR 5 72 72 10 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTMENT FACTORS GRADE HV ADJ PKG BUSES PHF PEDS PED. BUT. ARR. TYPE (%) (%) Y/N Nm Nb - Y/N min T EB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 WB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 NB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 SB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- SIGNAL SETTINGS CYCLE LENGTH = 100.0 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 EB LT X NB LT X TH X TH K RT X RT X PD X PD K i W8 LT X SB LT K TH X TH K RT X RT K PD X PD K GREEN 37.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GREEN 53.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ------- -------------------------------- i LEVEL OF SERVICE LANE GRP. V/C G/C DELAY LOS APP. DELAY APP. LOS EB L 0.422 0.390 18.8 C 15.7 C TR 0.504 0.390 15.4 C WB L 0.455 0.390 17.9 C 16.1 C I T 0.573 0.390 16.2 C R 0.457 0.390 15.0 B I NB L 0.125 0.550 8.3 B 9.0 B T 0.502 0.550 9.3 B R 0.057 0.550 6.8 B SB L 0.695 0.550 16.2 C 11.8 B i T 0.553 0.550 9.8 B R 0.027 0.550 6.6 B -------------------------------------------------------------------------- INTERSECTION: Delay = 13.1 (sec/veh) V/C = 0.644 LOS = B 1985 HCM: UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS Page-1 IDENTIFYING INFORMATION --------------------------------------------------------------------- AVERAGE RUNNING SPEED, MAJOR STREET.. 45 PEAK HOUR FACTOR ..................... 1 AREA POPULATION ...................... 100000 NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET......... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET....... shields NAME OF THE ANALYST .................. mid DATE OF THE ANALYSIS (mm/dd/yy)...... 10/9/93 TIME PERIOD ANALYZED .............:... am pm 1993 1995 1997 OTHER INFORMATION.... 2010 INTERSECTION TYPE AND CONTROL --------------------------------------------------------------------- INTERSECTION TYPE: 4-LEG MAJOR STREET DIRECTION: NORTH/SOUTH CONTROL TYPE EASTBOUND: STOP SIGN CONTROL TYPE WESTBOUND: STOP SIGN TRAFFIC VOLUMES EB WB NB SB ---- ---- ---- ---- LEFT 30 5 5 10 THRU 1 1 515 375 RIGHT 5 35 5 10 NUMBER OF LANES AND LANE USAGE --------------------------------------------------------------------- EB WB NB SB ------- ------- ------- ------- LANES 2 2 1 1 LANF USAGE LT + -P LT + P CAPACITY AND LEVEL -OF -SERVICE Page-3 --------------------------------------------------------------------- POTEN- ACTUAL FLOW- TIAL MOVEMENT SHARED RESERVE RATE CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY MOVEMENT v(pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c = c - v LOS p M SH R SH -------------- --------- ------------ ------------ --- MINOR STREET EB LEFT 33 184 173 > 175 173 > 140 140 >D D THROUGH 1 230 227 > 227 > 226 > C RIGHT 6 625 625 625 620 A MINOR STREET WB LEFT 6 195 190 > 195 190 > 189 185 >D D THROUGH 1 229 226 > 226 > 225 > C RIGHT 39 526 526 526 488 A MAJOR STREET SB LEFT 11 646 646 646 635 A NB LEFT 6 752 752 752 746 A IDENTIFYING INFORMATION ----------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET...... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET.... shields DATE AND TIME OF THE ANALYSIS..... 10/9/93 am Pm 1993 19095 1997 OTHER INFORMATION.... 2010 1985 HCM: UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS Page-1 XXXXXXXXX XIKXXXXXXXX'/.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXYXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX IDENTIFYING INFORMATION --------------------------------------------------- ----------------- AVERAGE RUNNING SPEED. MAJOR STREET.. 45 PEAK HOUR FACTOR ..................... 1 AREA POPULATION ...................... 100000 NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET......... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET....... shields NAME OF THE ANALYST .................. mJd DATE OF THE ANALYSIS (mm/dd/yy)...... 10/9/93 TIME PERIOD ANALYZED ................. am & 1993 19095 1997 OTHER INFORMATION.... 2010 INTERSECTION TYPE AND CONTROL --------------------------------------------------------------------- INTERSECTION TYPE: 4-LEG MAJOR STREET DIRECTION: NORTH/SOUTH CONTROL TYPE EASTBOUND: STOP SIGN CONTROL TYPE WESTBOUND: STOP SIGN TRAFFIC VOLUMES --------------------------------------------------------------------- EB WB NB SB ---- ---- ---- ---- LEFT 20 5 5 30 THRU 1 1 485 505 RIGHT 5 15 5 40 NUMBER OF LANES AND LANE USAGE ----------------------------------------------- EB WB NB SB --------------------- ----- LANES -2 2 1 1 LANE II$A(F LT + p LT + P CAPACITY AND LEVEL -OF -SERVICE Page-3 --------------------------------------------------------------------- POTEN- ACTUAL FLOW- TIAL MOVEMENT SHARED RESERVE RATE CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY MOVEMENT v(pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c = c - v LOS p M SH R SH MINOR STREET EB LEFT THROUGH RIGHT MINOR STREET WB LEFT THROUGH RIGHT MAJOR STREET SB LEFT NB LEFT 22 151 142 > 144 142 > 121 120 >D D 1 185 179 > 179 > 177 > D 6 521 521 521 516 A 6 149 143 > 147 143 > 140 137 >D D 1 180 174 > 174 > 173 > D 17 547 547 547 531 A 33 669 669 669 636 A 6 627 627 627 622 A IDENTIFYING INFORMATION ----------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET...... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET.... shields DATE AND TIME OF THE ANALYSIS..... 10/9/93 : a pm 1993 995 997 i OTHER INFORMATION.... 2010 i i it j 1 1 i 11 1 1 1 APPENDIX E 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1985 HCM: SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS SUMMARY REPORT INTERSECTION..harmony/shields AREA TYPE ..... OTHER ANALYST....... mid DATE.......... 10/9/93 TIME......... am pm 1992 1995 1997 COMMENT...... 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- VOLUMES GEOMETRY EB WB NB SB : EB WB NB SB LT 60 65 40 310 : L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 TH 525 95 490 355 : TR 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 RT 85 115 160 15 : 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 RR 5 72 72 10 : 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 ADJUSTMENT FACTORS GRADE HV ADJ PKG BUSES PHF PEDS PED. BUT. ARR. TYPE (%) (%) Y/N Nm . Nb Y/N min T EB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 WB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 NB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 SB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- SIGNAL SETTINGS CYCLE LENGTH = 100.0 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 EB LT X NB LT X TH X TH X RT X RT X PD X PD X WB LT X SB LT X TH X TH K RT X RT X PD X PO K GREEN 37.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GREEN 53.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEVEL OF SERVICE LANE GRP. V/C G/C DELAY LOS APP. DELAY APP. LOS EB L 0.137 0.390 14.9 B 36.4 D TR 0.982 0.390 38.5 D WB L 0.793 0.390 44.4 E 22.8 C T 0.151 0.390 12.8 B R 0.081 0.390 12.4 B NB L 0.091 0.550 8.1 B 9.3 B T 0.553 0.550 9.8 B R 0.117 0.550 7.0 B SB L 1.155 0.550 124.8 F 62.3 F T 0.400 0.550 8.5 B R 0.007 0.550 6.6 B -------------------------------------------------------------------------- INTERSECTION: Delay = 35.4 (sec/veh) V/C = 1.083 LOS = D 1985 HCM: SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS SUMMARY REPORT YSXXS####SXSZ#SYYXZ##SSSZZY###SSYX####SSXZ#SSSSSZY#XZ####SSSXSXYZ#X#ZS#222 INTERSECTION..harmony/shields AREA TYPE ..... OTHER ANALYST....... mid DATE.......... 10/9/93 TIME.......... am1992 1995 1997 COMMENT....... 201 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- VOLUMES GEOMETRY ES WB NB SB : EB WB NB SB LT 40 150 40 250 : L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 TH 280 380 480 545 : TR 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 RT 55 335 125 35 : 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 RR 5 72 72 10 : 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTMENT FACTORS GRADE HV ADJ PKG BUSES PHF PEDS PED. BUT. ARR. TYPE (%) (%) Y/N Nm Nb Y/N min T EB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 WB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 NB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 SB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- SIGNAL SETTINGS CYCLE LENGTH = 100.0 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 EB LT X NB LT X TH X TH X RT K RT X PD X PD X WB LT X S8 LT X TH X TH X RT X RT K PD X PD K GREEN 37.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GREEN 53.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEVEL OF SERVICE LANE GRP. V/C G/C DELAY LOS APP. DELAY APP. LOS EB L 0.620 0.390 28.8 D 17.2 C TR 0.537 0.390 15.8 C WB L 0.533 0.390 19.2 C 16.7 C T 0.604 0.390 16.6 C R 0.495 0.390 15.4 C j NB L 0.146 0.550 8.4 B 9.4 B T 0.541 0.550 9.7 B R 0.071 0.550 6.8 B SB L 0.826 0.550 24.7 C 14.8 B T 0.615 0.550 10.6 B R 0.033 0.550 6.7 B I-------------------------------------------------------------------------- INTERSECTION: Delay = 14.5 (sec/veh) V/C = 0.741 LOS = B I 1985 HCM: SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS . SUMMARY REPORT XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XIKXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XIKXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX INTERSECTION..harmony/shields AREA TYPE ..... OTHER ANALYST....... m,id DATE.......... 10/9/93 TIME ......... .am pm 1992 1995 99 COMMENT ...... . O10 VOLUMES GEOMETRY EB WB NB SB EB WB NB SB LT 60 65 40 310 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 TH 525 95 490 355 T 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 RT 85 115 160 15 R 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 RR 36 72 72 10 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTMENT FACTORS GRADE HV ADJ PKG BUSES PHF PEDS PED. BUT. ARR. TYPE (%) (%) Y/N Nm Nb Y/N min T EB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 WB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 NB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 SB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- SIGNAL SETTINGS CYCLE LENGTH = 100.0 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 EB LT X X NB LT X X TH X TH X RT X RT X PD X PD X W8 LT X X SB LT X X TH X TH X RT X RT X PD X PD X GREEN 7.0 33.0 0.0 0.0 GREEN 7.0 35.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 4.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 4.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEVEL OF SERVICE LANE GRP. V/C G/C DELAY LOS APP. DELAY APP. LOS EB L 0.053 0.460 11.4 B 29.4 D T 0.931 0.350 32.9 D R 0.103 0.350 14.2 B WB L. 0.053 0.460 11.4 B 13.4 B T 0.168 0.350 14.5 B R 0.090 0.350 14.1 B NB L 0.053 0.480 10.5 B 21.1 C T 0.822 0.370 23.3 C R 0.175 0.370 13.7 B SB L 0.149 0.480 11.1 B 14.4 B T 0.595 0.370 17.3 C R 0.010 0.370 12.9 B -------------------------------------------------------------------------- INTERSECTION: Delay = 20.7 (sec/veh) V/C = 0.694 LOS = C 1985 HCM: SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS SUMMARY REPORT XYXXXXXXXXXX]KXXIKXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXtXXXXXMYXXX INTERSECTION..harmony/shields AREA TYPE..... OTHER ANALYST....... mjd DATE.......... 10/9/93 TIME.......... am Pm 1992 1995 1997 COMMENT....... 201 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- VOLUMES GEOMETRY EB WB NB SB EB WB NB SB LT 40 150 40 250 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 TH 280 380 480 545 T 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 RT 55 335 125 35 R 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 R 12.0 RR 36 72 72 10 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTMENT FACTORS GRADE HV ADJ PKG BUSES PHF PEDS PED. BUT. ARR. TYPE (%) (%) Y/N Nm Nb Y/N min T EB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 WB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 25.8 3 NB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 SB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 22.8 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- SIGNAL SETTINGS CYCLE LENGTH = 100.0 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 EB LT X X NB LT X X TH X TH X I RT X RT X PD X PD X I WB LT X X SB LT X X TH X TH X RT X RT X PD X PD X GREEN 7.0 30.0 0.0 0.0 GREEN 7.0 38.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 4.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 4.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 ------ -------- ------- ------- LEVEL OF SERVICE LANE GRP. V/C G/C DELAY LOS APP. DELAY APP. LOS EB L 0.053 0.430 12.6 B 17.9 C T 0.543 0.320 18.8 C R 0.044 0.320 15.1 C WB L 0.053 0.430 12.6 B 19.7 C T 0.737 0.320 22.5 C R 0.603 0.320 19.8 C NB L 0.053 0.510 9.4 B 17.7 C T 0.744 0.400 19.1 C R 0.097 0.400 12.1 B SB L 0.053 0.510 9.4 B 18.5 C T 0.845 0.400 23.1 C R 0.046 0.400 11.8 8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- INTERSECTION: Delay = 18.6 (sac/veh) V/C = 0.623 LOS = C 1985 HCM: UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS Page-1 CAPACITY AND LEVEL -OF -SERVICE Page-3 IDENTIFYING INFORMATION POTEN- FLOW- TIAL ACTUAL MOVEMENT SHARED RESERVE __________________________________________ RATE CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY AVERAGE RUNNING SPEED, MAJOR STREET.. 45 MOVEMENT v(pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c = c - v LOS p M SH R SH PEAK HOUR FACTOR ..................... 1 ------- -------- --------------------- -----�7_ --- - zS� c AREA POPULATION ...................... 100000 MINOR STREET l� NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET......... fossil creek EB LEFT 72 164 154 > 154 154 > 82 82 >E E THROUGH 1 208 205 > 205 > 204 > C NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET....... shields RIGHT 11 603 603 603 592 A STREET CG-I(n0 NAME OF THE ANALYST .................. mJd MINOR DATE OF THE ANALYSIS (mm/dd/yy)...... 10/9/93 WB LEFT 6 168 164 > 169 164 > 162 158 >D D TIME PERIOD ANALYZED ....... ......... *0 pm 1993 1995 19 77 THROUGH RIGHT 1 205 39 505 202 > 505 202 505 > 200 > C 467 A OTHER INFORMATION.... 2010 MAJOR STREET INTERSECTION TYPE AND CONTROL SB LEFT 11 623 623 623 612 A --------------------------------------------------------------------- NB LEFT 6 723 723 723 717 A INTERSECTION TYPE: 4-LEG MAJOR STREET DIRECTION: NORTH/SOUTH IDENTIFYING INFORMATION CONTROL TYPE EASTBOUND: STOP SIGN --------------------------------------------------------------------- CONTROL TYPE WESTBOUND: STOP SIGN NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET...... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET.... shields DATE AND TIME OF THE ANALYSIS..... 10/9/93 ; am Pm 1993 1995 1997 OTHER INFORMATION.... 2010 TRAFFIC VOLUMES --------------------------------------------------------------------- �EB WB NB SB ---- ---- ---- ---- LEFT 65 5 5 10 THRU 1 1 545 395 RIGHT 10 35 5 25 ! NUMBER OF LANES AND LANE USAGE -------- ------------------------------------------------------------ WB SB _--EB--------- ---NB-- LANES 2 2 ------- 1 1 LANE USAGE LT + R LT + R 1985 HCM: UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS Page-1 XXXXX#XX#XX#X###XXX#X#XXXXX###X#X##XX####XXX#X#X##XYX######X#XX#XX### IDENTIFYING INFORMATION --------------------------------------------------------------------- AVERAGE RUNNING SPEED, MAJOR STREET.. 45 PEAK HOUR FACTOR ..................... 1 AREA POPULATION... ............... ... 100000 NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET......... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET....... shields NAME OF THE ANALYST .................. mjd DATE OF THE ANALYSIS (mm/dd/yy)...... TIME PERIOD ANALYZED ................. 10/9/93 am prt 1993 1995 997 OTHER INFORMATION.... 2010 INTERSECTION TYPE AND CONTROL -------------------------------------------------------------------- INTERSECTION TYPE: 4-LEG MAJOR STREET DIRECTION: NORTH/SOUTH CONTROL TYPE EASTBOUND: STOP SIGN CONTROL TYPE WESTBOUND: STOP SIGN TRAFFIC VOLUMES --------------------------------------------------------------------- EB WB NB SB ---- ---- ---- ---- LEFT 45 5 10 30 THRU ;1 1 510 535 RIGHT 5 15 5 80 NUMBER OF LANES AND LANE USAGE --------------------------------------------------------------------- EB WB NB SB ------- ------- ------- LANES 2 2 1 ------- 1 LANE USAGE LT + R LT + R CAPACITY AND LEVEL -OF -SERVICE Page-3 --------------------------------------------------------------------- POTEN- ACTUAL FLOW- TIAL MOVEMENT SHARED RESERVE RATE CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY MOVEMENT v(pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c = c - v LOS p M SH R SH ------- -------- --------- ------------ ------------ --- MINOR STREET C1�-Z7� C'� EB LEFT 50 132 124 > 125 124 > 74 75 >E E THROUGH 1 164 157 > 157 > 156 > D RIGHT 6 486 486 486 481 A MINOR STREET WS LEFT 6 126 120 > 124 120 > 117 114 >D D THROUGH 1 154 148 > 148 > 147 > D RIGHT 17 530 530 530 513 A MAJOR STREET' SB LEFT 33 650 650 650 617 A NB LEFT 11 575 575 575 564 A IDENTIFYING INFORMATION ------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET...... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET.... shields DATE AND TIME OF THE ANALYSIS..... 10/9/93 : am ® 1993 1995 1997 OTHER INFORMATION.... 2010 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 APPENDIX F 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 11V I USIUVIUUIN ItUIV JL,I� I IUIN BOISE IDAHO JULY 15-18, 1990 Compendium of Technical Papers Institute Of Transportation Engineers 43rd Annual Meeting Boise, Idaho July 15-13, 1990 N AAI� ak'4aJ%- - i (j ��,0.&f _' s II��. .. A' a a crawl Pn I _ A.. FSC4" I�r A�Yd Ig�� T"! • AA 065 \ o Radiowna \'�?I'' ° Tows + �!0 't I— ,,r iis' I Theal v1j �r — '� ll � a � 1.. � 20 __ f P •, �� / iA IMEP: Jg; . O'Trdinlry ekes IA��y 1■' 1 BM6'as 6 �''�' /..l.l"I P' I ut..� e6 INI M :.Gray I �• 1 ;. i oro - Uk ,. `91F!\. a.LDI °b I 5 r Lake— I I� 31s )• 49 cc Pit Mc Clellanda HARM NY ROAD le monl -=— p FOSSIL CREEK ESTATES a ,f ,I Jim i -� <fl9J m I 1..3 1a6 I � a66 •� 7�l I 1 I561..—.ac_r 311t WN I 1531 Redmond Pit \\/ Memorial Gardens (cemetery) I d I as6=e�®®-,��_ 1i _ blve.ln.....-.r.-_ Tnealer sna.%SlomP. l• 36a 6 ,, Is CoLLIN� LOVE IN \FORT 1\IRT�T.,,...Al NO SCALE SITE LOCATION Figure t Intersection Delay At Unsignalized Intersections Matthew J. Delich, P.E. Private Consultant Loveland, Colorado ABSTRACT The technique descnbed in the Highway Capacity Manual. Special Report 209, Chapter 10, Unsignalized Intersections relates a calcu- lated reserve capacity to level of service to a very unspecific description of expected delay. The signalized intersection technique in the Highway Capacity Manual relates level of service to a range of stopped delay per vehicle. It would seem to be consistent to relate level of service at an unsignalized intersection to ass range of actual delay per approach vehicle— _ This research provides some limited data on intersection delay related to the calculated reserve capacity at selected T-intersections. At the time traffic volumes were collected, inter- section delays were also obtained for selected movements. The intersection delay technique is described in the Manual of Traffic Engineer- ing Studies. ITE, 1976, Chapter 8. By compar- ing the calculated reserve capacity using the counted traffic volumes to the observed aver- age delay per approach vehicle, a table of delays per approach vehicle could be deter- mined. This, in turn, could be plotted to determine a range of delay given a calculated level of service. INTRODUCTION The means of evaluating the operation at an unsignalized intersection is by determining the level of service. The procedure in the 1985 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) is primarily 145 taken from a German document (reference 1), which uses gaps in the major traffic stream utilized by vehicles crossing or turning through that stream. In the HCM, the level of service is related to vehicle delay. This is especially true in the evaluation at a signalized intersection. Howev- er, in the case of an unsignalized intersection, level of service is related to a nebulous mea- sure of delay that can mean different things to different people. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES This research was undertaken to relate level of service to a definitive range of vehicle delay for the minor street traffic flow. The objec- tives of the research were: Compare the level of service (reserve capacity) to a range of vehicle delay, in seconds, for the stopped traffic on the minor street. Determine a curve which best de- scribes that range of vehicle delay. RESEARCH APPROACH AND LIMITA. TIONS Traffic counts were conducted at a number of stop sign controlled intersections in Fort Collins, Colorado and Cheyenne, Wyoming. These volumes were used to determine reserve capacity in passenger cars per hour (pcph) Intersection Delay At Unsignalized Intersections according to procedures documented in the HCM. Highway capacity software developed by the Federal Highway Administration, U.S.- D.O.T. was used to perform these calculations. Along with the traffic volumes, vehicle delay was measured for each approach vehicle according to procedures described in Chapter 8, "Intersection Delays," Manual of Traffic Engineering Studies. Due to changes in critical gap size due to speed, number of lanes on the major street, and number of legs at the intersection, only T- intersections were evaluated. Further, in all cases, the major street was five lanes (4 through lanes and one left -turn lane) and the speed limit on the major street was 35 mph. INTERSECTION DELAY STUDY At the time traffic volumes were obtained at each of the intersections, traffic delays were also obtained for both right- and left -turning vehicles from the minor street. The methodol- ogy used was a procedure which involved counting the number of vehicles occupying an intersection approach (right- or left -turn lanes constitute two approaches) at successive time intervals for the observation period. The successive time interval selected was every 15 seconds. Each successive count represented an instantaneous density or number of vehicles occupying the intersection approach per time interval. These counts were accompanied by total volume counts of each approach. The average delay per vehicle in each approach can be expressed by: D=NVV where: D = Average delay per approach vehicle N = Total density count, or the sum of vehi- cles observed during the periodic density counts each t seconds t = Time intervals between density observa- tions (15 seconds) V = Total volume entering the ap- proach during the study period. A total of 61 fifteen minute observations were conducted. The average delay per approach vehicle for both right and left turns for each observation was tabulated The calculated delays were rounded to the nearest whole second The calculated delay per approach. vehicle for right turns ranged from 2 seconds to 29 seconds. The mean was calculated at 9.9 seconds. The calculated delay per approach vehicle for left turns ranged from 6 seconds to 105 seconds. The mean was calculated at 27.0 seconds. LEVEL OF SERVICE CALCULATION Using the same 15 minute periods from the intersection delay study portion of this re- search, level of service calculations were per- formed Since the level of service calculation requires hourly traffic, the volumes for each 15 minute period was factored by four. This not only gives an hourly volume, but also assumes a peak hour factor of 1.0. Reserve capacity in passenger cars per hour (pcph) was tabulated for the right turns and left turns for each observation. The calculated reserve capacities ranged from 36 to 882 pcph for the right turns. The mean was calculated at 5655 pcph. Most of the calculated levels of service were in the A category (> 400 pcph). The calculated reserve capacities ranged from - 75 to 241 pcph for the left turns. The mean was calculated at 66.9 pcph. Most of the calculated levels of service were in the D category (100-200 pcph), E category (0-100 pcph), and F category (< 0 pcph). ANALYSIS Using the output data for right turns and left turns from the delay study and the capacity study, each corresponding observation point was plotted and least squares graphical analysis was nerformed. i M M M M M M M M M M F-A Figure I shows the plot of calculated reserve capacity versus calculated delay per approach vehicle for the right turns. The results of the graphical analysis are also plotted. By calculat- ing confidence interval as a range of delay per approach for each calculated reserve capacity, a reasonable prediction of delay can be made. For example, a calculated reserve capacity of 400 pcph would yield a delay per right -turn approach vehicle of 10-15 seconds. Figure 2 shows the plot of calculated reserve capacity versus calculated delay per approach vehicle for left turns. The results of the graphical analysis are also plotted. Using the confidence interval, a prediction of the range of delay can be made. However, the data for the left turns is all in the -100 to +200 range of values. Therefore, the delay for left turns is only valid for reserve capacities at the lower end of the scale cuing the data considered in this'study. For example, a calculated reserve capacity of 100 pcph would yield a delay per left -turn approach vehicle of 12-22 seconds. The size of this range indicates that more data is needed to reduce the prediction range. CONCLUSIONS Given the limited data obtained (61 observa- tions), it appears as though the methodology can give a reasonable indication of the range of delay for vehicles entering a street at a stop sign controlled T-intersection. However, more data is needed to fill in gaps: 1. Data is needed at intersections where the right turns operate at levels of service B, C, D, E. 2. Data is needed at intersections where the left turns operate at levels of ser- vice A, B, C. At a number of the analyzed intersections, there were signals upstream from the analyzed intersections. Some of these signals were as 147 close as 1/4 mile away. There was no signal progression pattern on the major street. However, it was noticed that both operation and delay were influenced by vehicle queues created by the signals on the main street. This was not accounted for in any of the calcula- tions or analyses. An effort should be made to select intersections which are not affected by main street signals. The statistical analysis on this data and addi- tional data should be much more rigorous than that used in this analysis. The curves devel- oped using all the data should be mathemati- cally derived and adequately tested using accepted statistical practices. The data presented is only for a T-intersection with a four -lane (plus left -turn lane) main street with a posted speed of 35 mph. Data should also be collected at a number of main street posted speeds (45 mph and 55 mph). Data should also he collected for a T-intersec- tion on a two-lane street at various posted speed limits. If the additional data and analyses for a T- intersection point toward the validity of this approach, then similar data should be collected and analyses performed at four - leg intersections. BIBLIOGRAPHY Box, Paul D. and Joseph C. Oppenlander; PhD. Manual of Traffic Engineering Studies, 4th Edition. Arlington, Virginia: Institute of Transportation Engineers, 1976, Pgs. 106.112 Roess, Roger P. et al. Highway Capacity Manual Special Report 209. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board, 1985, Chapter 10. REFERENCE 1. 'Merkblatt for Lichtsignalanlagen an Land- strassen Ausgabe 1972", Forschungsgesellschaft Intersection Delay At Unsignalized Intersections fur das Strassenwesen, Koln, Germany (1972). RESERVE CAPACITY (peph) COMPARISON OF RESERVE CAPACITY AND DELAY FOR RIGFIT TURNS AT A T-INTERSECTION District 6 1990 Annual Meeting Figure 1 Intersection Delay At Unsignalized Intersections RESERVE CAPACITY (peph) COMPARISON OF RESERVE CAPACITY AND DELAY FOR LEFT TURNS AT A T-INTERSECTION Figure 2 149 A MEI110DOIAGY FOR USING DELAY STUDY DATA IO ESTIMATE THE EXISTING AND FUTURE LEVEL OF SERVICE AT UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS By Marni Heffron (A)a and Georgy Bezkorovainy (H)b INTRODUCTION The level of service at unsignalized intersections is often overstated by the 1985 111ghway Capacity Manual (11CH) methodology. The IICM analysis for unsignalized intersections may show a LOS E or LOS F operation with lengthy delays and, presumably, long queues. However, from field observation, the intersection functions relatively well with short queues and minor delays on the approaches controlled by STOP signs and no delays to mainline traffic. Many reviewing agencies require the use of the HCH methodology to determine level of service. However, IICM states that "because the methodologies Ifor calculating unsignalized level of setvicel result in a qualitative evaluation of delay, it is also recommended, if possible, that some delay data be collected. This will allow for a better quantification and description of existing operating conditions at the location under study." HCH does not, however, include a methodology to relate delay study results for an unsignalized intersection with a level of service designation. ITCH defines the level of service of an unsignalized intersection using "reserve capacity", an analytically -defined variable that is not easily field -verified. The procedure is based on the German method of capacity determination at rural Intersections. This method has not been extensively validated or calibrated for U.S. conditions, nor does It estimate delay in quantitative terms. This paper presents a methodology to use delay study data to determine the existing level of service and to estimate future operating conditions at unsignalized intersections. In developing the methodology, delay studies :+ere performed at more than 50 unsignalized T-intersections In eastern and central Massachusetts. Minor approaches of these intersections were controlled by stop signs, yield signs and uncontrolled (implied yield). The results of these delay studies will also be compared to the delay calculated using the ITCH unsignalized intersection analysis. This paper relies on the existing HCH methodology as the basis to estimate existing and future level of service from delay data. Until changes are made in the HCH procedure, the existing NCH methodology for unsignalized intersections will continue to be modified to yield results that better approximate existing and future conditions. a Transportation Engineer Bruce Campbell 6 Associates, Boston MA b Vice President Bruce Campbell 6 Associates, Boston HA UNSICNALI2ED INTERSECTION DELA Delay was adopted as a measure of effectiveness for signalized intersections in the 1985 IICM for many reasons; two reasons are that the concept of delay is understood by the user community and delay can be measured in the field.3 The application of delay for unsignalized intersections should follow this same reasoning. The.,xeserve capacity is related to average vehicle delay using the following equatidn from the ITE Handbook2: �— (1) d (a - b) d — average delay a — service rate b — side -street arrival rate Recognizing that capacity is the service rate and volume is the arrival rate at an unsignalized Intersection, this formula shows that the average vehicle delay is the reciprocal of reserve capacity. The average seconds of delay per vehicle is calculated using the following equation: Aversse Deley (see/veh) - 3600 (see/fir) (2) Reserve capeelty (veh/hr) Table 1 shows the level of service designations which correspond to reserve capacity and average vehicle delay. Because the average delay per vehicle approaches infinity as the reserve capacity goes to zero, LOS F will be defined by any delay over 60 seconds. The average delay values for unsignalized Intersections shown in Table 1 are very similar to the delay values used to define the level of service of signalized intersections. Table 1 is taken from Table 10-3 in the ITCH. Table 1 Level -of -Service Criteria For Unsignalized Intersections Average ** Level of Reserve Capacity Stopped Delay Service (Pass Cars PeX Hour) (sec/veh) A > 400 < 9.0 B 300 - 399 9.1 to 12.0 C P00 . 299 12.1 to 18.0 .-D 100 - 199 18.1 to 36.0 E 0 - 99 36.1 to 60.0 F * > 60.0 * Demand exceeds capacity; extreme delays will be encountered ** Calculated from Equation (2) —1— MEASURED DELAY VS CALCULATED DELAY Delay studies at unsignalized intersections are relatively easy to perform and can be performed in conjunction with a turning movement count at low volume intersections. The observer measures the time between when a vehicle stops for a stop sign or 11 conflicting traffic and pulls onto the major street. 13 The measurement includes the time waiting in queue. 11 Tile. stopped delay is measured for random vehicles 11 turning left or right from the minor street or turning < left from the major street. The average delay during the peak hour Is calculated using a modified signalized intersection delay equation: Total Delay (sec) (�) Average Daley (see/veh) • Number of Observations For locations with a shared lane for left and right turns on the minor street, the stopped delay for each movement should be kept sepnrate if future conditions will be projected from the data since the level of service of each movement is calculated separately and then combined as a shared lane movement. Special consideration, discussed later, should be given to shared lane approaches where the right turn delay will be Increased by a high left turn volume. The existing level of service for the shared lane Is the weighted average of the combined movements. Bruce Campbell & Associates performed delay studies at more than 50 unsignalized intersections in eastern and central Massachusetts. For all study locations, a ' traffic count was also performed, and the level of service was calculated using the ITCH methodology. To date, only a few delay studies have been performed at 4-legged intersections, so only the data for T-intersections are included in this paper. The ' average delay per vehicle was calculated using equation (3). Figures 1 through 3 compare the results OF the measured delay and the calculated delay. The curves are from regression equations relating conflicting flow and average delay. At this point there have been no attempts to correlate the delay data to another variable such as speed, movement demand or type of control. ' For all three critical movements at an unsignalized intersection --the left turn from the minor street, right turn from the minor street and left turn from ' the major street --the measured delay was found to be shorter than the calculated delay. These date suggest that drivers are selecting smaller gaps then those recommended in the 1985 ITCH. Using the methodology described below to back -calculate to the critical gap, it was found that at over 80 percent of the locations; the critical gap for both the minor left and right turn movements was less than 6.0 seconds. It was originally suspected that the smaller gap size determined for the study locations would result in higher accidents rates at these locations. Ilowever, most of the intersections studied had accident rates ' less than 0.5 Acc/Million Entering Vehicles, and none had accident rates over 2.0 Acc/HEV. In Massachusetts, intersections with an accident rate of less than 2.0 are not considered high accident ' locations. FIGURE I CONFLICTING FLOW VS. AVERAGE DELAY 0 0.9 a.• Ithoow v.a . me•dJ CONrlicim TLOW FIGURE 2 CONFLICTING FLOW VS. AVERAC�F D AY It r )URN 1 ROM MrJOR 5IRE E I a os a1 os o.e 1 •.x Ithwso.da) comicmis rIOW . FIGURE 3 CONFLICTING FLOW VS. AVERAGE DELAY Ru If IUIiN I RUM MQJOR SIREEF 1 Thouswd9l CO" 'EICIM FLOW ULCUEAtEO N,EPS�Eo -2J I [1 1 1 1 Lli LJ Intersections with a shared lane on.the minor approach provided conflicting results for the left and right turn movements. In many cases, the critical gap determined from the delay data for the right turn was higher than the gap determined for the minor left turn. This phenomenon is most likely due to the time a right turner spends waiting in queue behind a left turner. Because of the queue, the measured delays for the two movements were not dramatically different. Since the critical gap calculation relied on the movement's conflicting flow, the right turn gap calculates to a higher value then the left turn gap. Generally, the minor left turn is the most critical movement at an intersection, and the delay data for the left turn is not significantly affected by a shared lane. In retrospect, if delay data measurements did not include stopped delays in a queue, then the calculated gaps would be higher for left turns than right turns in all instances. Ilowever, not recording delays in a queue would give an unfair representation of existing field conditions. To further illustrate the shared lane phenomenon affecting right -turning vehicles, the results in Figures 1 and 2 show a large disparity between the calculated delays vs, measured delays. However, in the case of right -turning vehicles, the measured delays were only 2-3 seconds less than the calculated delays. The presence of left -turning vehicles in the shared lane had, most likely, a significant impact on the delay values recorded for right -turning vehicles. Further research on shared -lane approaches is needed. ESTIMAIING FUTURE LEVEL OF SERVICE The following procedure is suggested to estimate future level of service from existing delay data. It relies on the existing I1CH methodology, and basically back -calculates from delay to capacity to determine the gap being accepted by drivers. Once the gap is determined, the future capacity and level of service can be estimated using the same gap. The capacity for an unsignalized intersection movement can be determined from delay by rearranging equation (2) as follows: Capacity (veh/hr) " 3600 (sec/hr) I Side Street Demand (4) Average Delay (see/veh) The 11CH equations relate critical gap to "potential capacity." The potential capacity for the left turn from the major street and right turn from the minor street are the same as capacity, but the capacity of the minor left turn needs to be converted to potential capacity discounting the impedance factor of the major left turn. The impedance factor is determined using the following equation (the variable names correspond to the variables in HCM): 1 I - 1 - 0.0038 G lUG1 x 114 1.2052 (5) J p4 I - Impedance Factor V4 - Left turn volume from major street Cp4 - Capacity of left turn from major street The potential capacity of the minor left turn is then calculated using: _ Cm7 (6) Cp7 I C 7 - Potential capacity of the minor left turn Cm7 - Actual capacity of the minor left turn (determined from delay date) Using Figure 10-3 in the 1985 ITCH, the critical gap can be estimated from the potential capacity and conflicting flow. Alternatively, the equations in Karsten C. Basso' article "The Potential Capacity of Unsignalized Intersections" (IIE Journal, October 1987, pp. 43-46.) can be used to determine the gap. The estimated critical gap may be lower than 4.0 seconds for low volume locations, but it is recommended that 4.0 be the minimum gap used. HCH's Figure 10-3 also shows the minimum critical gap to be 4.0 seconds. Once the critical gap is estimated from the delay data, the future level of service at a location is determined using the standard IICH methodology. This methodology is not recommended for intersections with high accident experience, or where vehicles on the side street are forcing a gap In the major street traffic stream. The following is an example of this methodology's application: EXAMPLE: A delay study and turning movement count were performed at the T-intersection of Lincoln Avenue and Bristow Street in Saugus, Massachusetts. The PH peak hour turning movement volumes and vehicle delays are summarized below: Average Peak Hour Conflicting Delay per Maximum .Semple Movement Volume Flow Vehicle Delay sire Minor left 107 1227 13.7 64 92 Minor Right 33 653 5.4 28 31 Major Left 36 653 3.8 /4 15 According to the IICH methodology, the left turn from Bristow Street to Lincoln Avenue operates at LOS F. The delay study data, however, show that the left turn operates at LOS C. the capacity of each movement is calculated using equation (4). Movement Demand Capacity Minor Left 107 vph 370 vph Minor Right 33 700 Major Left 36 983 The potential capacity of the minor left turn is calculated using the impedance factor from equation (5). The impedance factor is determined from the demand and capacity of the major left turn, I - 1 0.0038(100 x-2k)1.2052 _ 0.98 983 and potential capacity, Cp7 - 370 - 378 vph 0.98 -3- ' The conflicting flow of the minor left turn - 1227 vph. Using Figure 10-3 in the HCH, a critical gap of ' approximately 4.5 seconds is located for a potential flow of 1227. These FIGURE 4 capacity of 378 and a conflicting flow chart in Figure 4. ESTIMATING FUTURE LOS FLOW CHART steps are illustrated in the Under the future conditions, the conflicting flow is ' estimated to increase to 1400 vph, and the minor left turn demand will increase to 170 yph. The future Existing Future potential capacity located on Figure 10-3 is 300 vph Conditions Conditions for a gap of 4.5 seconds and conflicting flow of 1400 ' vph. The actual capacity accounts for the impedance factor Measure Future LOS (for this example the impedance factor is assumed to Delays Table 1 ' be 0.98). Cm7 - 300 x 0.98 - 294 vph Avg. Delay Avg. Delay ' The reserve capacity - 294 - 170 - 124 vph, Far Vehicle Per Vehicle Equation (3) Equation (2) and the average delay is calculated using equation (2), ' Delay - 3,600 - 29.0 sec. 124 Capacity of Reserve Cap. The level of service for the future conditions will be Movement Subtract ' LOS D. Equation (4) Demand CONCLUSION The methodology presented in this paper provides one ' way to quantify the operation of an unsignalized inter- Impedance ctual.section when the ITCH methodology does not correlate Factor apacity [quation with field observations. Future operating conditions Equation (5) (6) can also be defined on the basis of existing ' conditions delay data. The delay methodology should not be used for intersections with high accident experience or where vehicles on the side street are forcing a gap in the major street traffic stream. Potential Potential ' Further research is needed for intersections with a Capacity Capacity from shared lane on the minor approach since the right turn Equation (6) 11cli Fig. 10-3 delay is affected by the left turn movement. Data collected for the left turn movement on a shared Lena ' approach should not be significantly affected. Delay is a measure of effectiveness that should be Critical Gap Assume Same applied to unsignalized intersections because it is ITCH Fig. Critical Cap easily moasured and also easily understood. Future 10-3 for Future ' revisions of the NCH methodology should include delay. 1 t 1 REFERENCES ' 1. Transportation Research Board, National Research "Research Problem Statements: Highway Council. Capacity", Transporation Research Circular Number 319. Washington D.C., June 1987, page 27. ' 2. Institute of Transporation Engineers. Engineering Handbook. 4. Baass, Karsten G. "The Potential Capacity of gransvoration and Traffic Prentiss 11811 Inc.; 1982, pp. 499-536. unsignalized Intersections", ITE Journal, October, 3. Roess, Roger P. and McShane, William R. "Changing 1987, pp. 43-46. National Research Service in the 1985 Highway 5. Transportation Research Board, Concepts of Level of Capacity Manual: Some Examples," ITE Journal, May Council. Ilighwe�Caoacity Manual, Special Report 1987, 27-31. 209. Washington D.C., 1985. pp. -4- u I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 APPENDIX G 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 [] 1 1985 HCM: SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS SUMMARY REPORT XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXYXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX INTERSECTION..harmony/shields AREA TYPE..... OTHER ANALYST....... mid DATE .......... 10/9/93 TIME ......... .am am 1992 1995 1997 COMMENT...... 1 VOLUMES GEOMETRY EB WB NB SB : EB WB NB SB LT 100 100 90 350 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 TH 740 160 660 490 T 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 RT 110 155 210 60 TR 12.0 TR 12.0 TR 12.0 TR 12.0 RR 10 10 10 10 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTMENT FACTORS GRADE HV ADJ PKG BUSES PHF PEDS PED. BUT. ARR. TYPE M M Y/N Nm Nb Y/N min T EB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 20.5 3 WB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 20.5 3 NB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 20.5 3 SB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 20.5 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- SIGNAL SETTINGS CYCLE LENGTH = 100.0 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 EB LT X K NB LT X X TH X TH X RT X RT X PO X PD X WB LT X X SB LT X K TH X TH K RT X RT X PD X PD K GREEN 7.0 29.0 0.0 0.0 GREEN 12.0 34.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 4.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 4.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEVEL OF SERVICE LANE GRP. V/C G/C DELAY LOS APP. DELAY APP. LOS EB L 0.053 0.420 13.1 B 26.0 D TR 0.899 0.310 27.5 D WB L 0.053 0.420 13.1 B 16.3 C TR 0.346 0.310 17.3 C NB L 0.037 0.520 8.9 B 20.0 C TR 0.807 0.360 21.1 C SB L 0.841 0.520 29.5 D 21.4 C TR 0.496 0.360 16.3 C -------------------------------------------------------------------------- INTERSECTION: Delay = 21.7 (sec/veh) V/C = 0.755 LOS = C 1985 HCM: SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS SUMMARY REPORT XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX INTERSECTION..harmony/shields AREA TYPE ..... OTHER ANALYST....... mid DATE .......... 10/9/93 TIME.......... am am 1992 1995 1997 COMMENT ...... .2010 VOLUMES GEOMETRY EB WB NB SB : EB WB NB SB LT 80 190 105 300 : L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 L 12.0 TH 400 540 650 740 : T 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 T 12.0 RT 80 450 170 100 : TR 12.0 TR 12.0 TR 12.0 TR 12.0 RR 10 10 10 10 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTMENT FACTORS GRADE HV ADJ PKG BUSES PHF PEDS PED. BUT. ARR. TYPE M M Y/N Nm Nb Y/N min T EB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 20.5 3 WB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 20.5 3 NB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 20.5 3 SB 0.00 1.00 N 0 0 0.90 10 N 20.5 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- SIGNAL SETTINGS CYCLE LENGTH = 100.0 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 PH-1 PH-2 PH-3 PH-4 EB LT X X NB LT X X TH X TH K RT X RT X PD X PD X WB LT X X SB LT X X TH X TH X RT X RT X PO X PD K GREEN 7.0 33.0 0.0 0.0 GREEN 10.0 32.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 4.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 YELLOW 4.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEVEL OF SERVICE LANE GRP. V/C G/C DELAY LOS APP. DELAY APP. LOS EB L 0.053 0.460 11.4 B 15.6 C TR 0.448 0.350 16.3 C WB L 0.053 0.460 11.4 B 31.0 D TR 0.980 0.350 34.6 D NB L 0.042 0.480 10.5 B 20.5 C TR 0.801 0.340 21.7 C SB L 0.686 0.480 20.7 C 21.6 C TR 0.809 0.340 21.9 C -------------------------------------------------------------------------- INTERSECTION: Delay = 23.4 (sec/veh) V/C = 0.766 LOS = C 1985 HCM: UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS Page-1 X XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX IDENTIFYING INFORMATION --------------------------------------------------------------------- AVERAGE RUNNING SPEED, MAJOR STREET.. 40 PEAK HOUR FACTOR ..................... 1 AREA POPULATION ...................... 100000 NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET......... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET....... shields NAME OF THE ANALYST .................. mJd DATE OF THE ANALYSIS (mm/dd/yy)...... 10/9/93 TIME PERIOD ANALYZED ................. S pm 1993 1995 1997 OTHER INFORMATION... 2010 INTERSECTION TYPE AND CONTROL --------------------------------------------------------------------- INTERSECTION TYPE: 4-LEG MAJOR STREET DIRECTION: NORTH/SOUTH -CONTROL TYPE EASTBOUND: STOP SIGN CONTROL TYPE WESTBOUND: STOP SIGN TRAFFIC VOLUMES ----------------------------------------------- EB WB NB SB ---- ---- ---- ---- LEFT 60 10 5 10 THRU 1 1 420 295 RIGHT 15 40 10 20 NUMBER OF LANES AND LANE USAGE --------------------------------------------------------------------' EB WB NB SB ------- ------- ------- ------- LANES 2 2 2 2 LANE USAGE LT + R LT + R CAPACITY AND LEVEL -OF -SERVICE Page-3 --------------------------------------------------------------------- POTEN- ACTUAL FLOW- TIAL MOVEMENT SHARED RESERVE RATE CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY MOVEMENT v(pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c = c - v LOS p M SH R SH ------- -------- --------- ------------ ------------ --- MINOR STREET EB LEFT 66 233 222 > 222 222 > 155 156 >D D THROUGH 1 285 281 > 281 > 279 > C RIGHT 17 857 857 857 840 A MINOR STREET WB LEFT 11 243 236 > 239 236 > 227 225 >C C THROUGH 1 282 278 > 278 > 277 > C RIGHT 44 801 801 801 757 A MAJOR STREET SB LEFT 11 647 647 647 636 A NB LEFT 6 745 745 745 739 A IDENTIFYING INFORMATION ----------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET...... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET.... shields DATE AND TIME OF THE A�(144Y,S IS..... 10/9/93 am pm 1993 1995 1997 OTHER INFORMATION.... 201/�) N 1992 N O N �- 93/284 N CV 79/327 HARMONY ROAD — 51 /115 5 /233 453 23N 68/44 --� cm '^ O N I 0 N t1'7 W W Q F- N N O WJ _ 2 co 1993 �00 MCD �32 12 �. 3y r FOSSIL CREEK DRIVE r> IN to \ � d- t0 00 lq- AM/PM RECENT PEAK HOUR TRAFFIC Figure 2 1985 HCM: UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS Page-1 IDENTIFYING INFORMATION AVERAGE RUNNING SPEED, MAJOR STREET.. 40 PEAK HOUR FACTOR ..................... 1 AREA POPULATION ...................... 100000 NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET......... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET....... shields NAME OF THE ANALYST .................. mjd DATE OF THE ANALYSIS (mm/dd/yy)...... 10/9/93 TIME PERIOD ANALYZED ................. am S1993 1995 1997 OTHER INFORMATION.... 2010 INTERSECTION TYPE AND CONTROL INTERSECTION TYPE: 4-LEG MAJOR STREET DIRECTION: NORTH/SOUTH CONTROL TYPE EASTBOUND: STOP SIGN CONTROL TYPE WESTBOUND: STOP SIGN TRAFFIC VOLUMES ------------------------------ EB WB NB SB ---- ---- ---- ---- LEFT 40 10 20 30 THRU 1 1 395 395 RIGHT 10 20 10 70 NUMBER OF LANES AND LANE USAGE EB WB NS SB ------- -------------- ------- LANES 2 2 2 2 LANE USAGE LT + R LT + R CAPACITY AND LEVEL -OF -SERVICE Page-3 --------------------------------------------------------------------- POTEN- ACTUAL FLOW- TIAL MOVEMENT SHARED RESERVE RATE CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY MOVEMENT v(pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c (pcph) c = c - v LOS p M SH R SH MINOR STREET EB LEFT 44 190 177 > 178 177 > 132 133 >D D THROUGH 1 227 216 > 216 > 215 > C RIGHT 11 785 785 785 774 A MINOR STREET WB LEFT 11 182 171 > 174 171 > 162 160 >D D THROUGH 1 216 205 > 205 > 204 > C RIGHT 22 812 812 612 790 A MAJOR STREET SB LEFT 33 664 664 664 631 A NB LEFT 22 622 622 622 600 A IDENTIFYING INFORMATION --------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF THE EAST/WEST STREET...... fossil creek NAME OF THE NORTH/SOUTH STREET.... shields j DATE AND TIME OF THE .S..... 10/9/93 ; a pm 1993 1995 1997 OTHER INFORMATION... 2010 Table 1 Existing Peak Hour Operation Level of Service Intersection AM PM Shields/Harmony (Signal B B Shields/Fossil Creek WB LT C D WB RT A A SB LT A A Table 2 Trip Generation Daily A.M. Peak P.M. Peak Land Use Trips Trips Trips Trips Trips in out in out Phase 1 38 D.U. 360 7 21 25 14 Phase 2 26 D.U. 250 5 14 17 9 Phase 3 66 D.U. 630 13 36 43 24 Total 1240 25 71 85 47 I 1 �J 11 L Shields/Fossil Creek intersection, the operation is acceptable. Acceptable operation is defined as level of service D or better. The Shields/Harmony intersection operates acceptably with the existing signal control and geometry. III. Proposed Development Fossil Creek Estates is a residential development consisting of 130 single family lots on a parcel of land west of Shields Street. A site plan showing expected phasing of this development is shown in Figure 3. The street named Fossil Creek Drive will connect to the proposed Seven Springs Ranch residential development to the west. Seven Springs Ranch will be submitted to the City of Fort Collins in December 1993. The streets through both of these developments will provide the only east/west connection between Shields Street and Taft Hill Road between Harmony Road and Trilby Road (CR 34). Within the Seven Springs Ranch development, this through connection has an intersection with another street. This intersection and the somewhat meandering alignment will de- emphasize Fossil Creek Drive as a major street in the area. However, it will function as a collector street for Fossil Creek Estates and Seven Springs Ranch residential areas. Phase 1 and 2 are expected to be developed by 1995 (the short range future). Phase 3 of Fossil Creek Estates will not be developed until the connection to Taft Hill Road is made through Seven Springs Ranch. Based on the development program for Seven Springs Ranch, this will likely occur by 1996. Therefore, full development of Fossil Creek Estates was analyzed for a mid range (1997) future. While Seven. Springs Ranch will have access through Fossil Creek Estates to Shields Street, no vehicles were assigned to this movement. Any vehicles that may make this movement are covered by the rounding that occurs in the assignment procedure. ,. A. Trip Generation Trip generation estimates for Fossil Creek Estates were ' obtained from Trip Generation, 5th Edition, ITE. Table 2 shows phased trip generation on a daily and peak hour basis. B. Background Traffic ' Background traffic is defined as the traffic that is and/or will be on the area streets that is not related to the proposed development. The intersections considered for the operations analysis are Shields/Fossil Creek, which provides access to the ' site, and the signalized Shields/Harmony intersection. 2 1 �J 1 II II 1 I 1 CLARENDON HILLS FORT COLLINS OPEN SPACE APPLEWOOD ESTATES Phase 1 38 D.U. � C L to ,,. • ,. •.,,,,. Phase 26 D.1 i t Phase 3 66 D.U. t t , t see* 1 FUTURE t , FUTURE SEVEN SPRINGS1i i RANCH J � — 40Z NO SCALE 1 SITE PLAN Figure 3 Background traffic for impacted streets was projected for each of the future years analyzed. Background traffic was projected to increase at 3 percent per year for the short range and mid range futures. This rate of increase is normal for streets and roads in the City of Fort Collins. It accounts for general traffic growth and some level of continued development in the vicinity that would also contribute to traffic growth. Long range background traffic projections were made at the rate of 3 percent per year also, which is in line with projections made in the North Front Range Transportation Plan. C. Trip Distribution Trip distribution was determined based upon an evaluation of attractions for home -based productions and the most likely routes available to travel to those attractions. The directional distribution of the approaching and departing traffic generated at the proposed uses is a function of: - Geographic location within the City of Fort Collins; - Location of employment and business centers which are likely to attract trips from this area; - Access to the site. The short range and mid range trip distribution assumed 90 percent to/from the north and 10 percent to/from the south. This reflects the trip distribution based upon the existing counts at the Shields/Fossil Creek intersection. In the long range trip distribution, some adjustment to this distribution was made, since there will likely be continued development to the south. However, trip attractions will continue to be predominantly to the north. The long range trip distribution assumed 80 percent to/from the north and 20 percent to/from the south. D. Traffic Assignment and Intersection Operation Using the vehicular trip generation estimates presented in Table 2 and the trip distribution assumptions, the site generated traffic was assigned to the Shields/Fossil Creek intersection and the Shields/Harmony intersection. Figure 4 shows the short range (1995) peak hour traffic assignment. This reflects build -out of Phases 1 and 2 of Fossil Creek Estates. This assignment also includes a 3 percent per year increase in background traffic, assuming a 1995 future year. Table 3 shows the peak hour operation. Calculation forms are provided in Appendix D. Signals are not warranted at the Shields/Fossil Creek Drive intersection, based upon the forecasts shown in Figure 4. At the Shields/Fossil Creek intersection, operation will be acceptable for all movements. The signalized Shields/Harmony intersection will operate acceptably with the existing phasing control and geometry. 3