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HomeMy WebLinkAboutRESPONSE - RFP - P845 EMISSIONS REPAIR SUPPORTEmissions Repair Support Proposal No. P-845 Issuing Agency: City of Fort Collins Offered by: National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS) Colorado State University 100 Industrial Sciences Building Fort Collins, CO 80523-1584 Dr. Lenora Bohren, Director Phone Number: 970-491-7240 Date: July 1, 2002 LENORA BOHREN, Ph.D. Director National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS) SPECIALTIES * Environmental Anthropology * Survey Research * Technology, Culture and the Environment * Human Ecology * Social Impact Assessment * Applied Anthropology * Qualitative Research * Human Factor Analysis RELEVANT EXPERIENCE Dr. Bohren has had extensive experience in project management, data handling and analysis. As project manager of the National Anti -Tampering Survey since 1984, she has worked closely with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and data recording experts to improve the data recording methods used in the survey. She also managed the 1990 USEPA-SEDUE Anti - Tampering Survey, Juarez, Mexico and the 1992 Mexico City Misfueling Task Force Study for the Transfort Air Quality Management Project. Dr. Bohren has managed numerous other NCVECS projects including the EPA Idle Survey, the Michigan Mechanics Training Program, the Texas New Technology Automotive Technician Training Program, and the 1983 Light -Duty Diesel Study Ownership Survey for which she was a principal co-author. She was also the facilitator for a Condensible Organics Workshop. She was the Co -Principal Investigator for the "Train the Trainers" workshops, Part I and Part 11, for Automotive Instructors on vehicle emission in Mexico, for the Border Vehicle Emissions and Maintenance Profile in Juarez, Mexico/El Paso, Texas, Mexicali, Mexico/Calexico, California and Tijuana, Mexico/San Diego, California and for the Emissions Inventory Tampering Surveys in Juarez and Aguascalientes, Mexico. She was the Principal Investigator for the evaluation of the DOT ITS Operational Test for Real -Time Vehicle Emissions Detection project and currently for the Human Factors Section of the On Board Diagnostic (OBD II) Center at NCVECS where she conducts surveys and focus groups. In addition to her work at NCVECS, Dr. Bohren has been a consultant for public and private agencies and has contributed to the literature and presented papers on the socio-economic context of both domestic and international environmental issues. EMPLOYMENT HISTORY Art Institute of Colorado, Instructor, 2001-present National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS), Research Scientist, 1982 - present Consultant, 1979 - present Colorado State University, Anthropology Instructor, 1974 - present. Archaeological Service, Inc., Field Survey, 1976-1978 Colorado State University, Research Associate, 1974-1975 Applied Research and Development Corporation, Research Associate, 1973 EDUCATION Ph.D., Environmental Anthropology, Colorado State University, 1995 M.A., Anthropology, Colorado State University, 1973 B.A., Sociology, Pennsylvania State University, 1965 Ibshortrmtne.doc-06/06/02 (c drive) ®_s ® a�T NAiNMIAt CEMEA PoN VENUE EMISSIONS CONENOL AND WEW DAVID C. WILLIAMS JR., M.S. Research Associate National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS) SPECIALTIES • Survey research • Database management • Data analysis • Public relations • Office management RELEVANT EXPERIENCE David Williams has had extensive experience in survey research, database management and data analysis. As research assistant with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in 1993, he coordinated with other federal and state agencies, educators, and industry in collecting data and was responsible for developing a national public relations outreach plan. In 1994 he was hired by the National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS) while working as a graduate student. He worked with NCVECS on various studies, collecting and analyzing data and developing a Denver air pollution report for his final graduate research project. The latter report was prepared for the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT), the funding agency for the project entitled, "ITS for Voluntary Emissions Reduction: An ITS Operational Test for Real -Time Vehicle Emissions Detection." In 1996 he completed a masters degree at Colorado State University (CSU) with an emphasis in automotive air pollution. He has conducted surveys and is currently a researcher for the USEPA funded "On -Board Diagnostic (OBD II)" study. He has also been instrumental in the research for a project funded by the Southwest Center for Environmental Research and Policy (SCERP), "Characterization of Border Vehicles: An Expanded Border Vehicle Emission, Maintenance and Willingness to Pay Profile." He has done work for the Natural Resources Ecology Lab (NREL) at CSU collecting and managing data for a project funded by the National Institute of Health, "Population and Environment in the U.S. Great Plains." His experience at NCVECS and the NREL has included field research and performing computer applications for field research, data entry, data analysis and final reports. EMPLOYMENT HISTORY National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety, Research Associate, 1994 - present University of Tennessee, Community Health Research Group, Senior Research Assistant, 2002 Colorado State University, Natural Resources Ecology Lab (NREL), Research Associate, 1996 - 1999 United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Research Assistant 1993 Rutgers University Cooperative Extension, Environmental Educator, 1993 EDUCATION M.S., Industrial Sciences, Colorado State University, 1996 B.S., Environmental Studies, Richard Stockton College of NJ, 1994 JERRY GALLAGHER, Ph.D. Dr. Jerry Gallagher is the past Manager of the Mobile Sources Program for the Air Pollution Control Division of the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. As Manager, his responsibilities included: 1) the operation of an Inspection/Maintenance Program for gasoline and diesel vehicles, 2) the nation's first Oxygenated Fuels Program, and 3) a high altitude EPA certified test lab which conducts tests for in -use emissions, fine particulate from diesel, toxic, emissions, and alternative fuels. Jerry directed the Mobile Sources Program Transportation Unit, which is responsible for verifying consistency of the State Implementation Plan as it relates to federal highway projects. Before working with the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Jerry was an assistant professor at Colorado State University, assisted in the creation of training materials for automobile emissions mechanics and instructors, and the formation of the National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control. Jerry received his undergraduate degree at Northern Illinois University, and while working as an engineer for J.I. Case Co., received five U.S. design patents. He received his Master's degree for Automotive Air Pollution from Colorado State University and his Ph. D. from t the University of Colorado, concentrating in Environmental Management and Intergovernmental Relations. Dr. Gallagher is presently the Co -Chairman of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) On -Board Diagnostics. He is a member of the FACA Mobile Sources Technical Review Sub -Committee, Advisory Committee for the Colorado Institute for Fuels and High Altitude Engine Research, at Colorado School of Mines, National Academy of Science I/M Evaluation Committee. He has acted as a technical advisor to the Center for On -Board Diagnostics Research at NCVECS at Colorado State University. Jerry is Past Chairman of the Mobile Combustion Committee, and Chairperson for the Public Education Division of the Air and Waste Management Association (AWMA). Dr. Gallagher is the Past Co -Chair of the Environmental Council of States (ECOS) I/M Evaluation Sub -Committee directed under the Highway System Act of 1996. Jerry has spoken on air quality issues throughout the United States and internationally on alternative fuels. Dr. Gallagher was a member of President Bush's, Air Quality Review Team in Mexico City. He has acted as an advisor to the World Bank and to the governments of Mexico, Korea, Hong Kong, Greece, Finland and Chile on mobile sources air pollution programs, and was a voting member on the U.S. EPA Clean Fuels Negotiated Rulemaking Committee. He was a technical advisor to the U.S. AID Cairo, Egypt Project. He developed the technical section of the Mobile Sources Feasibility study for the Philippines. He has been an Advisor to the Western Governors Association for Development of Mobile Sources Inventory for Mexico. He is now president of J GALLAGHER & ASSOCIATES, INC., doing national and international air quality consulting, including working under contract for the U.S. EPA on the Greenfleet Project in Bangkok, Thailand and U.S. TAD in the Philippines. He has also provided technical assistance and market analysis to the provide sector. NA➢ONAICENTER FOR WHOLE EMI5510N5CONTROL ANOS4FEIY H. MICHELE "MIKE" COLE National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS) SPECIALTIES • Emissions, Alternative Fuels, and • Audio -Visual Resources Diesel Power • Technical Services • Curriculum Development • Training RELEVANT EXPERIENCE Mr. Cole has been with NCVECS since 1990 as a Research Associate. During this time he has been engaged in a wide variety of activities related to the Center's mission. Mr. Cole is currently co -teaching OBD II classes that have grown out of the OBD II project. These include OBD II for Administrators and Training for OBD II Repair Industry- Phase I and Phase II. These classes are being delivered on a national scale. He has also assisted in the evaluation and editing of several curriculum projects, written a student manual for a course developed at NCVECS for British Columbia, has taught several workshops sponsored by NCVECS, teaches monthly classes for new and recertifying emissions inspectors for the Colorado A.I.R. program and is the technical manager for the OBD II project. Mr. Cole has also produced and directed several educational video projects, including one for the Alternative Fuel Vehicle Training Program for West Virginia University. In addition to the curriculum and training activities, Mr. Cole has also: developed a resource file on alternative fuels, performed the mechanical work and assisted in the development of a compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquid petroleum gas (LPG -propane) dual fuel kit conversion class, coordinated the audio-visual activities for the NCVECS Clean Air Conferences, participated in several conferences related to alternative fuels and clean air, and has assisted with Anti -Tampering, I/M 240 and Remote Sensing projects in Greeley, Colorado, El Paso, Texas, Calexico, California, San Diego, California and Aguascalientes, Mexico. In addition, Mr. Cole is a steering committee member of the Weld/Larimer/Rocky Mountain National Park Clean Cities group. His specialties include: diesel and automotive engines, diesel power trains, and engine performance systems. EMPLOYMENT HISTORY NCVCS, Research Associate, 10/90 - Present Trinidad State Junior College, Diesel Instructor, 1989 American Diesel and Automotive College, Automotive Instructor, 1987-1989 T.H. Pickens Technical Center, Diesel Instructor, 1984-1985 University of South Dakota/Springfield, Diesel Instructor, 1976-1984 1111WIT4 Y_WeI M.Ed., Voc. Administration, Colorado State University, in progress B.S.E., Voc. Education, University of South Dakota/Springfield, 1976 A.A.S., Diesel and Power Controls Technology, Southern State College, So. Dakota, 1971 A.A.S., Automotive Technology, Southern State College, So. Dakota, 1969 aWAS o®"T" N4 WL CENTER FOR VEHICLE EMISSIONS WNTROL W 54FEIV DAVID M. SKINNER Training and Curriculum Specialist National Center for Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS) • Training of Adult Learners • Methodologies of Instruction • Communicating Ideas • Emission Impact on Fleet Operations • Automotive Electronic Control Systems IH all) Difff.W l WW420409 1 D104) M Mr. Skinner has over twelve years experience in automotive technology and emissions control. Working in the training division, he has taught 1500 students through NCVECS training sessions, with more audiences lined up. Mr. Skinner develops, updates and conducts workshops on topics including fuels, engine control systems, and catalytic converter performance. I/M programs presentations may include technical issues, quality assurance issues, or program management issues. Mr. Skinner's audiences may include technicians, program managers, air quality administrators, and other technical instructors. Well versed in automotive repair, Mr. Skinner also has extensive experience diagnosing and repairing heavy duty diesel equipment, along with experience in alternative fuel equipment, and fleet operations. A former engineering student, he also brings to the position the scientific methodology necessary to operate within the carefully controlled environment of an emissions test laboratory. NCVECS will use Mr. Skinner's skills in developing the OBDII training curriculum, creating a program to provide administrators, technicians and Quality Control personnel the tools to properly administer OBD UM inspection programs. EMPLOYMENT HISTORY National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety, Research Associate, 1998 to present Cherry Creek School District #5, Lead Technician, 1996 -1998 Landmark Lincoln Mercury, Heavy -line Technician, 1995 -1996 Denver International Airport, Alternative Fuels Technician, 1993 -1995 EDUCATION B.S., Business Administration (Marketing), Regis University, 1998 daveS.resume.wpd - 3/99 (disk and C drive) ®s® ® MuSlow N4IM CEMEA FOR VEHCIE EM IR%CONTRA AND WM Amy S. Giertz Graphic Designer National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS) SPECIALTIES • Graphic Design • Computer Proficient • Public Relations • Office Manager RELEVANT EXPERIENCE Mrs. Giertz has been working with NCVECS since 1997 and has shown tremendous growth in computer knowledge, design and management skills. She has brought to NCVECS six and a half years of prior experience in office management and public relations work. She brings to the center her graphic design talents, ideas, and layout skills for numerous Annual National and International Clean Air Conference brochures, the Departments Annual Asphalt Conference, slide presentations, training materials and brochures as well as various other public relations media for the Centex. Along with her graphic expertise, she displays professional and courtesy public relations skills in the office, as well as at the Annual Clean Air Conferences and the Asphalt Conferences. She is an organized, positive, motivated team player amongst our office staff. In the past Amy has developed several mailing list databases for the center and for Asbestos Abatement Courses. She was responsible for organizing and coordinating all Asbestos courses the university offers to the public through the Environmental Health Department. Other responsibilities Amy has had at the Center include the daily operations of the Center such as overseeing work-study students, accounting duties, office supply requests, phone receptionist, material sales, general office typing and various other related tasks. Amy has expanded her computer skills tremendously since her employment with NCVECS and has taken various professional computer workshops and on -campus training. She is competent in using all Microsoft's programs, Corel WordPerfect and the Corel Draw program and uses graphic design/layout packages provided by Adobe PageMaker, Illustrator and PhotoShop. EMPLOYMENT HISTORY National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety, Office Manager, October 1997 to present. Downtown Ace Hardware, Merchandiser, Fort Collins, August 1997 to June 1998. River Song Waldorf School, Enrollment Committee Co -Chair, Fort Collins, October 1996 to June 1997. Atlanta Waldorf School, Office Assistant, Decatur, Georgia, September 1995 to June 1996. EDUCATION Paralegal Certificate, General Law, Denver Paralegal Institute, 1989. B.F.A., Graphic Design, Colorado State University, 1985. AgshoA=sume.dx — 3/02 ® m® ® o®e® Mn Mw AFw Wre nessxm Cc Mum Bran Project Budget PERSONNEL Total Salary 4320 Total Fringe A29 TOTAL PERSONNEL 5149 DOMESTIC TRAVEL 0 INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL 0 MATERIALS & SUPPLIES 250 OTHER DIRECT COSTS Tuition U Semester 2500 Other TOTAL OTHER DIRECT COSTS 2500 SUBCONTRACTS 0 EQUIPMENT 0 TOTAL DIRECT COSTS 7899 INDIRECT COSTS Base: 1659 TOTAL (Total Direct+ Indirect) 9558 Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 Task 5 8 hours @ $25/hr 8 hours @ $30/hr 40 hours @ $30/hr 40 hours @ 12/hr 80 hours @ 25/hr 80 hours @ 16/hr 8 hours @ 20/hr 16 hours @ 12/hr 16 hours @ 18/hr 8 hours @ 25/hr 12 hours @ 20/hr 4 hours @ 25/hr Administration 8 hours @ 30/hr TOTAL Pricing per Task* $200 240 1200 480 2000 1280 160 192 288 200 240 100 mil 6820* *Includes NCVECS staff and consultants Emissions Repair Support 1.2 Proposal Submittal a. Company history, amount of time in the business, and experience in developing training materials and conducting training, as described in the scope of work. The National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS) at Colorado State University was founded in 1976 by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). NCVECS was established to assist states across the nation in developing their vehicle emissions control programs. In 1991, NCVECS was designated as a High Altitude Research and Test Center by the EPA, and in 1997 an On -Board Diagnostic (OBDII) Research and Training Center became operational as a natural evolution of the overall mission of NCVECS. NCVECS has an exceptional record of working in partnership with both industry and government to solve vehicle emissions problems. Both sectors look to NCVECS for a wide range of services. Activities range from independent testing of products to alternative fuels research, conversion kit testing, and use of remote -sensing technology. The OBDII Research and Training Center is conducting human factors as well as technology research and is becoming a major centralized information resource on OBDII. NCVECS has provided vehicle emissions training to over 9,000 technicians in almost all states having vehicle inspection programs since 1993. Training is available on campus or at a client's preferred site. NCVECS training sessions are customized for each audience, including repair technicians, automotive instructors, program administrators and staff, or the public. The training courses provide "High Impact" specific job training that automotive specialists and others can put into practice immediately. "Train -the -Trainer" programs are available for automotive instructors who teach automotive technicians how to operate inspection and emissions control equipment and effectively repair polluting vehicles. Training courses conducted by NCVECS: • Understanding Transient Testing and Its Implications to I/M Programs (Administrators-2 days) Understanding ASM Testing and Its Implications to I/M Programs (Administrators-2-days) Emission Control System Identification and Detection of Tampering (State/Contractor Inspectors-2 days) • Quality Assurance Within Decentralized ASM Programs (State Field Auditors-2- days) • *Understanding Transient Dynamometer Testing and Its Challenge to the Automotive Service and Repair Industry (Administrators, Instructors, Technicians-2 days) • *Understanding ASM Dynamometer Testing and Its Challenge to the Automotive Service and Repair Industry (Administrators, Instructors, Technicians-2 days) • Enhanced Emission Testing Seminar for the Repair Industry (Owners, Managers, and In -Service Technicians-4 hours) • Diagnosis and Repair of Vehicles that Fail Transient Tests -New Repair Strategies (Technicians-4 hours) • *In -Field Catalytic Converter Functional Testing (Technicians-4 hours) • Emerging Issues in TIM Course Programs (Administrators-2 days) • Understanding OBDII and Its Implications to UM Programs (Administrators-2 days) • *Understanding OBDII and Its Challenge to the Automotive Service and Repair Industry — Phase I (Technicians-4 hours) • OBDH Phase H — Diagnosis and Repair of Vehicles Failing OBDII Testing (Technicians-4 hours) In the previous list of training courses, those indicated with an asterisk have also culminated with the creation of stand-alone training materials that NCVECS has offered upon request. In addition, NCVECS has also created training materials for the following: • Enhanced UM Training: Understanding Underhood Emissions Labels • Procedures for Obtaining Replacement Underhood Emissions Labels • CNG/LPG Conversion Kit Installation • Video: Reading Underhood Emissions Labels • Video: NOx Reduction in Vehicle Emissions Also, NCVECS has created CBT (computer based training) CD's including: • "Maryland Enhanced Emission Seminar for Owners, Managers and In -Service Technicians" for the state of Maryland • "Phase I: Understanding OBD H and Its Implications to the Service and Repair Industry" for the City of Fort Collins The two CBTs listed above represent the successful adaptation of previously offered classroom training to computer based. Based on this experience, NCVECS will be pursuing adaptation of other classroom training offerings to CBT. b. The name of the company representative responsible for coordinating tasks, and the names, titles, and job descriptions of any sub -consultants needed to perform the tasks identified in the scope of work. Lenora Bohren, Ph.D., Director, National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS) • Principal Investigator/Program Administrator • Responsible for focus group and survey research input David C. Williams Jr., Research Associate, National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS) • Responsible for focus group and survey research input • Data input Jerry Gallagher, Ph.D., Independent Consultant, National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS) • Responsible for creating "Emissions Repair Guide" and developing and implementing an associated Mechanic Recognition Program Mike Cole, Research Associate, National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS) • Responsible for creating "Emissions Repair Guide" and developing and implementing an associated Mechanic Recognition Program input David M. Skinner, Training and Curriculum Specialist, National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS) • Responsible for creating "Emissions Repair Guide" and developing and implementing an associated Mechanic Recognition Program input Amy Giertz, Graphic Designer, National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS) • Responsible for layout of the "Emissions Repair Guide" C. References, including names, addresses, and current phone numbers for three or more organizations that have used your company for similar products and services within the last two years. Charles Rhodes Wisconsin DOT 1150 N. Alois Street Milwaukee, WI 53208 414-266-1084 John Gibbons Arizona Department of Environmental Quality 600 N. 40`h Street Phoenix, AZ 85008 602-207-7015 Elizabeth Tracy Illinois EPA 1340 North 9'h Street Springfield, IL 62702 217-782-0408 Mickey Hunt Oregon DEQNIP 1240 SE 12`h Avenue Portland, OR 97214 503-731-3050 d. A written description of the proposed products, services, and deliverables to the contract, as required below Scope of work • Task 1. Participate on the Project Advisory Committee Representatives from NCVECS, the Service Provider, will participate on the Project Advisory Committee. The committee will meet 4-6 times between mid June and late November 2002, for at least an hour each time. The committee will consist of at least one CDPHE APCD staff, two local technicians and/or shop owners, the project manager, and representatives from NCVECS. • Task 2. Gather input from local shop owners/technicians working with the city NCVECS, the Service Provider, will provide advice, planning, and oversight for one focus group to gather input about Emissions Repair Guide and the Mechanic Recognition Program. The Service Provider will work with the City of Fort Collins staff to implement the focus group. NCVECS will advise the City on a mail -in survey to seek feedback from a broader sector of the repair industry. The Service Provider will also prepare a brief written report summarizing the results of the survey and focus groups and present the results to the Project Advisory Committee. NCVECS has had a great deal of experience running focus groups and designing survey questions. • Task 3. Develop a local Emissions Repair Guide With oversight from the Project Advisory Committee, the Service Provider will develop a local Emissions Repair Guide. The guide will include the following parameters as listed in the RFP: • Shop name, address, phone, hours • Types of vehicles repaired • OBD repairs • ASE certified • ASA member • OBD training • Better Business Bureau Member • In addition, we would suggest the possibility of adding an online training assistance parameter Development of the guide will include: • Exploration of different options of how to present "repair effectiveness" that is both acceptable by the repair industry and also advantageous to the motorist • Reviewing the activity and products by CDPHE and other states, taking into consideration the difference between centralized and decentralized programs • Guidelines on the solicitation of shop or mechanic participation that will be addressed by analyzing the stages of participation (see attached) to ensure voluntary participation • The data collection system that will involve coordinating with CDPHE to investigate the availability of useful data to incorporate and an Excel file database • Updates of the protocol and documentation is possible and recommended every six months if funding exists after December 1, 2002 • Guidelines for method of distributing the guide to the public (Focus group and survey data will be used to learn the best distribution options) • At least two graphic design templates that will be presented to the Advisory Committee for selection • Budget estimates for developing the guide (see attached) • Suggestions for printing and reproduction that will be made by our graphic designer • The final product, a camera ready Emissions Repair Guide that will be ready for distribution to the public • Task 4. Develop Mechanic Recognition Program With input from the focus group and the Project Advisory Committee, NCVECS shall: • Identify criteria for recognition • Recommend type of recognition and associated budget • Insure the recognition program is compatible with and supportive of becoming listed in the Emissions Repair Guide • Insure that the program is compatible with efforts of CDPHE to introduce the "Top Tech" program into the North Front Range • Identify methods to inform the public and auto industry peers of shops and/or technicians who have received recognition • Task 5. Plan and assist in conducting the Recognition Event NCVECS will recommend details for the recognition event, including notification/invitation procedures, location, and date/time suggestions. NCVECS will assist City of Fort Collins staff in conducting the recognition event. Deliverables • One written summary report of the focus group and survey results • Emissions Repair Guide protocol document including: - Detailed guidelines on how to solicit voluntary shop or mechanic participation - Data collection and update protocol (including update frequency) - Guidelines for the methods of distribution to the public as learned from the focus group and survey • PageMaker or Excel data collection system • Graphic template for Emissions Repair Guide • One camera-ready Emissions Repair Guide by December 1. 2002 • One copy of written guidelines for ongoing implementation of Recognition Program, including - Frequency of event - Types of prizes - Methods of soliciting nominations or participation by shops - Methods of informing the public of results e. Pricing, as requested. (see budget) Duly authorized rrr esentative of Colorado State University Lenora Bohren Director, National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety Colorado State University Stages of Participation Active / Partner \ r Buy -In: Value Interest Understanding Awareness