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frequency range and the IRPA standards cover the 2,000 MHz to 1011 MHz frequency range, these
two exposure standards apply. only to the upper portions of the PCS frequency range. They do not
apply to the cellular or ESMR technologies, whose frequency ranges lie between 800 and 900 MHz.
The NCRP is a non-profit corporation chartered by the United States Congress to, among other
things, develop information and recommendations concerning radiation protection. The guidelines
issued by the NCRP specify a level of 1 mW/cmZ (milliwatt per square centimeter) for the exposure
of the general public in the frequency range listed above.
The IRPA is a non -governmental international organization representing most of the national
radiation protection societies in the world. These recommendations form part of the World Health
Organization (WHO) United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP). IRPA guidelines for
public exposure also recommend 1 mW/cmZ for the frequency range listed above. It should be
noted that both the NCRP and IRPA exposure standards are more restrictive than the revised ANSI
standards for PCS frequencies above 1500 MHz in uncontrolled environments and for all PCS
frequencies in controlled environments.
Some states, including Massachusetts, New Jersey, Oregon, and Washington, as well as some local
jurisdictions have adopted their own radiation guidelines.
Radiation Levels
The levels of RFR to which the public is routinely exposed are far below the levels necessary to
pose a health risk. A 1989 report by the Office of Engineering and Technology stated that the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency estimates that in seven metropolitan areas studied across the
United States, 98 to 99 percent of the population is exposed to less than 0.001 mW/cmZ of
radiation. The standards listed above are considerably more restrictive than the exposure levels that
the majority of the public experiences.
Additionally, the 1982 ANSI guidelines for radiation exposure indicate that devices operating on
less than seven watts of power at frequencies less than 1,000 MHz will not cause immediate
thermal effects. Cellular mobile phones operate between 0.6 and three watts of power at
frequencies between 800 and 900 MHz, ESMR mobile communicators operate between 0.5 and 1.5
watts of power in the 800 MHz frequency band, and PCS mobile communicators are anticipated to
operate on no more than 1 watt of power at frequencies between 1,850 and 2,200 MHz, all falling
well below the seven watt threshold.
Typical cell sites, including monopoles, roof -mounted antenna sites, and building -mounted antenna
sites, emit a maximum of 3,000 watts of effective radiated power (ERP) (the power supplied to an
antenna multiplied by the relative gain of the antenna in a given direction). In comparison, radio
broadcasting towers emit roughly 100,000 watts ERP, and television broadcasting towers emit
approximately 5,000,000 watts ERP. The radiation emitted from these broadcasting sources
decreases according to the inverse square principle. As a result, exposure to radiation decreases as
distance from broadcasting sources increases.
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facilities using radiofrequency radiation and generating electromagnetic fields. Consequently, there
is often keen public interest in proposals for new wireless cell sites and facilities.
ANSI, NCRP, and IRPA Radiation Protection Guidelines
"Both private organizations and government agencies have proposed guidelines that limit exposure
to nonionizing radiation. These standards can be divided into broad categories: - emission
standards, which set limits on the incidental (nonpurposeful) radiation emanating from a device;
and exposure standards, which set limits on the radiation power density to which a person may be
exposed. Emission standards limit unwanted leakage from devices such as microwave ovens that
should contain the radiation inside the device or that have shielding to protect operators and others
from exposure during normal operation. Exposure standards limit exposure of persons' to radiation
present in the environment, for example from a radio transmitter" (Yost, see references).
There is no official, mandatory federal standard for radiation exposure protection in the United
States. The official guideline for facilities regulated by the Federal Communications Commission
(; CC) is Cuaently the 1982 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) guideline. The 1982
ANSI guidelines recommend exposure limits covering RFR from 300 kHz (kilohertz) to 100 GHz
(gigahertz). The guidelines recognize that the human body absorbs radiofrequency energy at some
frequencies more readily than at others. The most reactive limits are in the frequency range of---
30-300 MHz. However, the wireless communications systems discussed in this paper, operate in"It
the frequency range of 800 to 2200 MHz -- frequencies outside of the most sensitive range. ' -
ti
ANSI has adopted C95.1-1992, a revision of the 1982 standard, and the FCC has proposed its
adoption. The new standard "contains a number of significant differences from guidelines and ---
recommendations issued by ANSI in 1982. , In many respects, the 1992 guidelines are more
restrictive in the amount of environmental RF exposure permitted, and they also extend the
frequency range under consideration to cover frequencies from 3 kHz to 300 GHz. The new 1992
guidelines specify two sets of exposure recommendations, one for 'controlled environments'
(usually involving workers) and another for 'uncontrolled environments' (usually involving the
general public)." (FCC 93-142).
For controlled environments, the 1992 ANSI/IEEE standards recommend maximum power density
levels calculated by dividing "frequency" by 300 (000). For example, for a cellular.. frequency of
888 MHz, the standard would be calculated by dividing 888 by 300; yielding an exposure level'of
2.96 mW/cm' (milliwatts per square centimeter). For uncontrolled environments,-' the revised
standards'recommend maximum power density levels calculated by dividing -frequency by 1500-
(f/1500). As a result, for the same cellular frequency of 888 MHz, the exposure standard for the
uncontrolled environment _would 'be 0.592 mW/cin2 (888/1500). Thus, for both controlled - and `
uncontrolled environments, the ANSUIEEE exposure standards for wireless communications are
dependent upon the technologies' frequencies.
In addition to the ANSI standard, there are two other widely discussed public exposure standards:
that of the National Council on Radiation Protection (NCRP) and that of the International Radiation
Protection Association (IRPA). Because the NCRP standards cover the 1500 MHz to 1011 MHz
&I"
34
I
absorption by knocking off electrically charged particles (ions). Non -ionizing means that there is
not enough energy in the radiation to create ions. Instead, the energy is usually absorbed as heat.
RFR is a form of non -ionizing radiation.
Because of their extremely high frequencies and energies, X-rays and gamma rays are
electromagnetic types of "ionizing" radiation, as are many types of high-energy, high -velocity sub-
atomic particles that result from nuclear processes. When ionizing radiation interacts with living
structures, it can cause severe damage. The chemical bonds of molecules struck by high energy
particles can be broken, causing parts of the molecules to be split off, often as reactive charged
particles (ions). These ions can promote additional chemical and physical reactions. If the
absorbing molecules are DNA or other genetic materials, cellular metabolism can be interfered with
and the cell's ability to reproduce itself can be destroyed or caused to malfunction (the latter
sometimes leading to cancers). (Barrett, see references.)
Electromagnetic waves of lower frequency levels and energies, such RFR and EMFs associated
!; with radio systems, do not cause ionization and consequently are referred to as "non -ionizing"
iradiation. If absorbed at all, this type of energy is absorbed as heat. Unless generated at extremely
high power densities and at just the right resonance frequencies so as to produce large amounts of
heat resulting in actual bums, the frequency and resulting energy levels of non -ionizing radiation
are almost always too low to affect biological materials._. Non -ionizing radiation is not known to
damage -DNA as. can ionizing radiation and generally has not been shown-. to cause irreversible
changes that can accumulate -over time.(Yost, see references).
There is one- potential problem, however. Sometimes in a complex organic:. molecule short, linear
groups of atoms extend off of a main chain or body of the complex. It has been -shown that at the
right frequencies, these extensions can be.excited by strong, non -ionizing energy so as to cause
frequency resonance to occur. The extension can then vibrate and on occasion break off, altering
the structure of the molecule. This is the only other known interaction between non -ionizing
radiation and biological structures. It is considered to be a rare phenomenon, as the frequency of
the radiation must exactly match the natural resonance of the molecule and the power density must
be very high. (Barrett, see references.)
Why the Concern?
Most scientists maintain that RFR and lower frequency EMFs such as those associated with
wireless communications systems generally do not produce adverse health effects in humans
because they are non -ionizing in nature and normal exposures are controlled so as not to result in
thermal effects. Other researchers, however, note the possible molecular resonance problem
described above and propose that continuous low-level exposures or exposures in combination with
other chemicals may cause health problems that are not immediately evident. These researchers
suggest that extra care should be taken until more is known.
The media continue to report the work of these researchers and the public exhibits a sharp interest
in the debate between the two sides. Some members of the public believe that even the remotest
possibility of a health hazard constitutes grounds for forming public policy and regulations for
33
1
characteristics of both waves and particles. X-rays and gamma rays, at the high end of the
frequency spectrum, have distinct "particle -like" characteristics and high energies.
Figure 10
LOCATION OF RADIOFREOUENCY RADIATION ON ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
Frequency/Hz
RADIOFREOUENCY
RADIATION
ELECTRIC VISIBLE ULTRA- GAMMA.
POWER
(ELF) RADIO BTV MICROWAVE INFRARED LIGHT VIOLET X-RAYS RAYS
10' 10' 10' 10 10° 10" 10" 1015 10" 1019 10"
INCREASING FREQUENCY
Information can be impressed or encoded within an electromagnetic wave by manipulating the
wave's basic properties. This process is called modulation. At a given frequency, the basic,
continuous wave is altered so that .its frequency or amplitude is changed in 'proportion' to an
imposed signal. The imposed signal is the information, such as a radio, TV, or radar signal.
Whenever electromagnetic energy is generated at a point, it tends to radiate outward in all `
directions, according to the inverse -square principle. The _ term radiation simply means the radial
dispersal of a substance from a source -point. A common light bulb emits radiation of
electromagnetic energy within the visible part of the spectrum. Unfortun?!• '; —ith the advent of
the atomic era the term radiation has also acquired`a-more .sinister connotation when the word is
used in reference to atomic or. nuclear processes. Perhaps because nuclear radiation is invisible and
the harmful effects of some forms of nuclear radiation may become apparent only over, an'extended
time, some members ;of the public have'become very concemed" about all-fd,rms of invisible
radiation, irrespective of the source or intensity. Although radiated radio waves generated,by radio -
broadcast towers, televisions, and wireless communications antennas are often referred to as radio -
frequency radiation (or' RFR), it is important to remember that we are : constantly exposed to
numerous forms of radiated electromagnetic energy generated by both' natural and man-made
sources. And of these, we have been exposed to sunlight, microwaves, radio waves and electrical
waves from the earth, itself and from space for millions of years.
Ionizing and Non -ionizing Radiation
Radiation can be broadly broken into two groupings: ionizing and non -ionizing. Ionizing means
that there is enough energy in the radiation to alter the chemical structure of matter upon its'
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Based on the characteristics of the wave and the material which absorbs it, the transmitted energy
can affect the absorbing material in various ways. The absorbed energy can cause a resonating
electrical effect in some conducting materials. This is the basis for receiving antennas in radio and
TV systems. It can be re -emitted as electromagnetic energy, for example, in fluorescence as visible
or ultraviolet light. And in higher energy rays it can modify or even break chemical bonds in
complex molecules, thus changing the nature of the molecule. This is the basis for sunburns caused
by ultraviolet light, and "radiation" burns caused by gamma ray irradiation. Some forms of
electromagnetic energy, like X-rays, can pass completely through some materials without being
absorbed. However, most commonly, electromagnetic energy is simply absorbed by materials and
converted into heat energy, such as in the case of microwave ovens.
In general, the potential for biological effects is a function of both the frequency and energy level of
the particular form of electromagnetic energy involved, in addition to the particular characteristics
of the affected organism (species, mass, affected tissue -types, etc.). Therefore, in order to address
the concerns about human health effects and wireless communications systems it is necessary to
have a clear understanding about electromagnetic energy. In general, wireless communications
systems use lower frequencies and lower energy levels than are associated with many other types of
artificially geneiaied electromagnetic energy.
Electromagnetic waves have three properties which determine their -character, -and, thus, potential
health effects. The fast is frequency, which is the rate at which electromagnetic waves pass a fixed
point; or the rate -at which waves are generated. Longer waves have a lower frequency and shorter
waves have a higher frequency. Frequency is measured in cycles per second, units called hertz (Hz)
after the German_ scientist who first discovered radio waves (60 Hz = 60 cycles/second).
The second property is amplitude, which is. a. relative measure of a wave's energy level and is
related to a wave's frequency. Generally, waves with shorter wavelengths (higher frequencies)
carry more energy for the same amplitude, require more energy to generate, and thus, can transmit
more energy when,absorbed. Two waves with the same wavelength can have different amplitudes
based upon how much energy is put into each wave's production.
The third property is the power density, which is a measure of a wave's total energy as a function of
its distance from its source. When a wave radiates away from its source, likea ripple in a pool, the
wave loses energy the farther it moves away. When a radio wave is broadcast, it loses energy
according to the "inverse -square" principle. In its simplest form, the principle says that every time
you double the distance from an emitting source, the power density decreases by a factor of four.
Thus, a power level measured originally at ten . feet would measure one-fourth at 20 feet, one -
sixteenth at 40 feet, and one sixty-fourth at 80 feet.
Illustrated in Figure 10, electromagnetic energy forms a spectrum of frequencies ranging from a few
Hz with wavelengths of over 1,000 kilometers up to billions and billions of Hz with wavelengths
much smaller than atoms. Radio waves, located on the lower end of the spectrum, have distinct
"wave -like" characteristics, and can be generated at relatively low energy levels. Microwaves,
infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light, found towards the middle of the spectrum, exhibit
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IV. HEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUES
Some members of the public have generated debate regarding the issue of health effects caused by
electromagnetic energy used in wireless communications systems. The public's concern revolves
around whether the type of energy emitted by these systems affect human cells and cause illnesses.
There are three wireless communications sources that generate and use electromagnetic energy:
cell site antennas, hand-held portable communications devices, and electrical equipment in
equipment buildings at cell sites and switching stations. The following section will examine the
subject of electromagnetic energy together with the applicable safety standards, and will review
research results on the effects of electromagnetic energy used by wireless communications systems
on biological tissues.
Electromagnetic Energy Used in Wireless Communications Systems
As illustrated in Figure 1 of the Technical Overview section, electromagnetic energy exists in a .:
variety of forms, including radio and television waves, microwaves, heat lamp radiation, visible"
and ultraviolet light, and electrical currents passing through wires. Whenever electromagnetic
energy moves from one point to another through electrical wires, the movement is accompanied
by the formation of electric and magnetic fields'(also referred to as electromagnetic fields, or
EMFs). Whenever electromagnetic energy moves from one point to another by waves
propagated through space, the movement is accompanied by the formation of radiofrequency
radiation (RFR). defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE),
radiofrequency radiation lies in the frequency range of 3 kHz to 300 GHz (or 0.003 MHz to 1011
MHz, as shown in Figure 10).
EMFs have been the subject of recent scientific and public interest because of some
epidemiological studies suggesting a link between EMF exposures and certain types of health
effects. The health concerns about EMFs have centered around high -power electrical sources,
such as high -voltage electrical transmission lines. However, the EMFs associated with electrical
equipment used in wireless communications systems such as pumps, motors, switches, and
telephones, are of relatively low intensity and generally not considered a health problem.
Therefore, this section will not focus on the health effects of EMFs, but instead will concentrate
on RFR, the electromagnetic energy used to transmit communication signals through space.
Radiofrequency Radiation
All forms of transmitted electromagnetic energy travel at the speed of light. Depending on how it
was generated and transmitted, RFR will radiate outward from the source in energy packets that
have the characteristics of waves, particles, or a combination of both. Once generated, these waves
of energy travel from their transmitter through space to their receiver, where they are reflected from,
refracted around or absorbed by it . It is the absorbed energy which is the source of health -related
concerns.
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PCS Site Selection Criteria
• Topography/Line of Sight Considerations
• Radio Frequency Interference
• Maximizing Coverage with the Fewest Sites
• Leasing Considerations
• Likelihood of Zoning
• Availability of Electricity, Road Access,
Land Based Telephone
• Capacity of the Supporting Structure
Sprint Spectrum
build a network that provides maximum coverage while stressing co -location and thereby,
minimizing the impact on the community.
The need for a site is governed by capacity and coverage requirements for the specific
geographic area to .be served. PCS facilities operate at a lower power and a higher frequency
than cellular, and therefore, rely more on line -of -sight .coverage. Line -of -sight is. the ability of
radio waves to have a clear unobstructed path, free of .trees, buildings, or signs, to 'a PCS
phone. The Sprint PCS system requires a customer to be communicating with two sites at any
given time to reduce dropped calls, therefore, sites need to be within close proximity of one
another. Although, coverage will extend. beyond major traffic corridors, locating sites along
these corridors is preferred due to the high volume of users. However, coverage needs are not
limited to those corridors and .often extend beyond these areas. Capacity requirements for a
PCS system are governed by the number of customers using a given site. When the number of
customers increases beyond the capacity of one site then an additional site will be needed to
help alleviate the increased capacity.
The selection of a specific site in a target area or "search" area is determined by the following
factors: local topographic and geographic factors (RF design location), ability to mitigate the
site's visual impact, compatibility with existing land uses, agreeable local zoning, and the ability
to negotiate a mutually beneficial lease with a property owner.
Because all the sites in the network function together, the location of one site affects the
coverage area surrounding that particular site as well as the coverage areas of all adjacent
network sites. Integrating the proposed PCS facility into the network will ensure that Sprint
PCS is able to meet its commitment to the public to provide the highest quality of uninterrupted
wireless service.
Given the existing of a 8-foot chainlink fence and the current use of the property,
Sprint PCS feels the fence and its screen is the most. compatible and visually,
acceptable way to mitigate the visual impact of the BTS equipment.
Pursuant to .the above mentioned Land ,Use.. Code, both Wifeless
Telecommunication. Equipment and Wireless .Telecommunication Facilities are
allowed per an administrative review in the P-O-L zone district.
Conclusion
The proposed Sprint PCs site utilizes a compatible co -location design and creates minimal visual
impact on the surrounding community. This proposal meets. the aesthetic intent of the City.of
Fort Collins Ordinance as it pertains to Wireless Telecommunication Equipment. As proposed,
this design goes to great lengths to meet the degree of architectural compatibility and visual.
mitigation that is desired, therefore, Sprint PCs requests administrative approval of this request.
Sprint PCS Background Information
Personal Communication Services
PCS (Personal Communication Services) is the name that has been given to the.band.of radio
spectrum located between 1850 and. 1990 MHz. PCS enables the next generation of wireless
telecommunications including familiar technologies such as mobile phones, paging, and wireless
fax as well as new innovations such as wireless PBX, wireless LAN, and mobile data. The Sprint
PCS network uses a digital technology as opposed to the analog technology. The advantages
are higher voice quality, increased privacy, and a significant increase in call capacity.
Unlike major broadcasting systems which operate at very high power in an attempt to reach as
many people as possible, PCS facilities operate at a very low power in an attempt to limit the
signal to the small area it is intended to cover. The repeated use of the same channels increases
the number of telephone calls that can be handled by the system.
The PCs systems use a lightweight, multi -function, portable telephone. This telephone will offer
a number of features such as call screening, call waiting, voice mail, and text paging. Sprint
PCs's goal is to integrate mobile services with fixed communication networks by combining.
local, long distance and wireless services.
Sprint PCs Site Selection Process
To ensure development of a community -compatible ,network, Sprint PCS. engaged in an
innovative "pre -design" process. Traditionally, development of communication networks have
been driven by Radio Frequency (RF) Engineering. Engineers determined where the network
needed sites regardless of zoning, community and strategic planning needs.
Sprint PCS has retained the services of SBA of Denver for the acquisition and planning of PCS
sites in Colorado. Their innovative, community friendly approach, utilizes the existing zoning to
form the basis for the design of the network. The first step was to identify favorable zoning.
districts which allow or encourage PCS facilities. Second; an inventory was completed of all
existing structures that were community -friendly and realistic from a structural standpoint. RF
Engineers first utilized existing structures located within favorable zone districts then considered
new monopoles to fill-in required coverage areas. Through this process, Sprint PCS is able to
Project Summary.
Sprint PCs proposes to place wireless telecommunication equipment on anew replacement
lightpole located at the north ball field of City .Park. This proposal includes antennas and
BTS, equipment needed to transmit and. receive signals for digital wireless communication.
Sprint PCS is leasing a 1,200 square foot area for equipment. The proposed lease area will
be developed with five equipment cabinets and enclosed within a 8-foot high'chain link
fence with a welded wire roof for security: A green, tennis, wind screen will be attached to
the fence to reduce potential glare from the chain link fence.
Zoning & Land Use
The property is zoned Public Open Lands (P-0-L) `and is developed, as 'a city park. The
portion of the park where this proposal lies contains two baseball/softball fields. Both ball
fields contain. approximately 14, 80-foot lightpoles.
Visual Impact and Screening
The Parks and Recreation Department plan on replacing the existing wood lightpoles With
concrete lightpoles. As a result of this plan, Sprint PCS is replacing the wooden right field '
lightpole with a concrete lightpole to, create visual continuity around the field. This new
concrete lightpole is made by the same manufacture, Sherman Utility Pole, Co. as the City 's
future concrete lightpoles. This coordination will create design consistency with all the
fields lightpoles.
Enclosed is a photo simulation of the proposed new light pole, and antennas. The picture is .
representative of the existing .conditions of, the property. (i.e. wood 'lightpoles). As stated
above, the existing wood poles will be replaced with lightpoles similar to the one proposed.
Placing the proposed antennas .on a new lightpole allows Sprint PCS. to mitigate the
traditional impacts sometimes associated by freestanding facilities.
The proposed BTS equipment will be located immediately east of the new lightpole.. The
BTS. equipment will be enclosed, by a hew._8-foot chainlink fence on the east, west and
north sides; the existing fence to the south will be used, to complete the equipment.:
enclosure. To help mitigate the potential for glare and to provide' compatible screening, a
green tennis screen fabric will be attached to three. sides of the chainlink fence. A pitched,
welded wire roof is proposed to keep balls out of the equipment area.,
Compliance with Ordinance
This City of Fort Collins has developed very precise design requirements for wireless
telecommunication equipment. This proposal clearly meets the objectives, and intent, of the
City of Fort Collins Land Use Code, Article 3, Section 8.13, Standards (E), paragraph (3);.
...[Antennas] shall be the same color as the ... structure to which or onto which such
equipment is mounted. .
Roof and ground mounted wireless telecommunication equipment shall' utilize screen
walls in a manner compatible with the buildings design; color, and material. .
SPRINT PCs
..Administrative Wireless Telecommunications Services.
Equipment Review
City of Fort Collins
City Ball Fields Site
Proiect Contacts
Applicant:
Sprint PCS Agent: SBA of Denver, Inc.. .
'.
` 4700 South Syracuse 7600 E. Arapahoe Rd.,
Street, Suite 600 Ste. 210
Denver, CO 80237 .. Englewood, C0.80112
(303) 488-9396 (303) 770-3830 X334
Contact: Jill Jelinek Contact: Nathan Foster .
Owner:
City of Fort Collins. Architect/Engineer: URS Greiner
300 LaPorte Ave. 1099 18th Street .
Fort Collins, CO 80521 Suite. 700
(970) 221-6365. Denver, CO 80202
Contact: Virgil Taylor. (303) 296-9700 .
Contact: Jack Bartels
Project Development Information
Legal:
Portion of SW 1 /4 of Sec. 10, T7N; .1369W ..
Location:
211 S. Bryan Ave:
Ownership:
City of Fort Collins . .
Space under lease:
1,200 SF
Lessee:
Sprint PCS
Zoning:
P-O-L
Land Use:
Athletic Field
Antennas:
To adequately transmit. and receive Sprint PCs's digital signal 9
antennas.are required. The dimension of each antenna is
approximately 6"w x 4"d x 60"h. The antennas will be mounted to a
new lightpole structure.
Equipment:
Five equipment cabinets contain all,of the PCS equipment necessary
to run the communication site including radio transceivers, batteries;
cooling fans and an interior monitoring system. Each PCS. cabinet is
approximately 60"h x 30"w x 30"d, and will be enclosed by an 8-foot
chainlink fence with a welded, wire roof for security.
Neighborhood Meeting — tl`Z-4IcG,17
Wireless Telecommunication Equipment at City Park
SPEAKER:
APPLICANT:
REPRESENTING
REQUEST:
WHERE:
Nathan Foster, SBA of Denver, Inc.
SBA of Denver, Inc.
Sprint PCS (Sprint Spectrum L.P.)
Type 1 Administrative Review for Wireless
Telecommunication Equipment
City Park - North Ball Field (right field)
DESCRIPTION: The request is to allow wireless telecommunication
equipment to be placed next to the ball fields at City Park.
The proposal includes nine panel antennas mounted to the
top of a new lightpole and 5 equipment cabinets placed at
the base. The equipment will be enclosed with a chainlink
fence and a pitched welded wire roof for security and
safety.
BACKGROUND: Sprint PCS is building a digital wireless network throughout
Colorado. The network requires several sites or wireless
antennas in Fort Collins. These sites can take many forms:
freestanding towers, mounting antennas on existing
buildings or other structures, or mounting antennas to
existing towers. Sprint PCS's objective is to have a site
with minimal community impact. Sprint PCS uses a Pre
Design and Site Selection Criteria Process to achieve that
objective.
HANDOUTS: Sprint Spectrum Pre -Design Process (compatible zoning
and land use areas)
Sprint PCS Site Selection Criteria (the criteria we use to
evaluate alternative locations)
PCS Components and Operation
Comparable Power Output
Sprint Spectrum L.P. geographic responsibilities