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HomeMy WebLinkAboutDrainage Reports - 01/01/1979't � �L"n,V$'�' L*' a;':i M r"+� . ��•T�ao , � w `7'f^rXr?';t �i �7? - J�_ � - :4�7'•� y�ai . „ �y1y[��yJy�� -.'�"� i �b 3Y�i.h1� h ..�. Y 1 f{. ZiY �•f��i . mil- A V� T ..�• : {'�i 1NLf 6�. �.'�I��. iFF3iR1Y � y �d �.MMiJiY1�%!�� Y MAST ER STORM DRAINAGE REPORT for THE LANDINGS P.U.D. ' January, 1979 CORNER CONSUlTINq COMPANY P Y MANA(4E MENThNC{INEERINq VICINITY MAP SCALE: 1": 600 CORNED CONSU[TINq COMPANY po Ix)x b4b IoRi rdIM. (Acwvk) W,22. pl Pt (303)482-bb50am MAIW(',EMENI FNGINtF RING, ' January 26, 1979 Reid L. Rosenthal Osprey Homes 1921 Brookwood .Fort Collins, CO 80525 Dear Reid: We are pleased to present this storm drainage and detention report for the Landings P.U.D., located in Fort Collins. This report was prepared using City of Fort Collins regulations for storm runoff. Certain calculations pertaining to report are included in the appendices. Please feel free to contact us with any questions or comments. Very truly yours, /57� v3.. Bill Blackwell, E.I.T. Harr �,ACornell, P.E. President , TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. I. Introduction 1 II. Methods 2 III. Basin Description and Land Use 3 :7 .. IV. Harmony Reservoir 5 E V. Hydrologic and Hydraulic Investigation 7 s VI. Summary and Recommendations 9. Appendix A Appendix B .b ';J i::��,:�y.}:`.� . ,. -.<.!�!•:..:.:.i;a;..i1"-;R3tt�j.t%!J:?�':'".ail a�'���aa�i�iDi�.�.�i�i x L. s 11 I. INTRODUCTION ;{ SCOPE: The purpose of this report is to present the developer s or his planner with a set of feasible alternatives to the storm drainage problem in the Landings/Whalers Cove proposed develop- ments. This report will analyze the impact of a major storm on the proposed development. It also will give guidelines as to allow- able release rates for the separate phases of.development, and present several alternative solutions to the handling of storm runoff in the natural drainage swale which lies south of Harmony Rservoir and north of Colorado State Highway 68. LOCATION: The study area is.located in the South One -Half of Section 36, Township 7 North, Range 69 West. The present land r: currently use is agricultural. Land y being Alarmed for, rezoning as the South College Properties is located upstream of the Landings. Upstream property is included in the analysis; however, `3 no recommendations are included for off -site property. a DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE: The approximate development schedule is as follows: Construction is to begin on The Boardwalk Commercial a. Center in the Spring or Surnm er of.1979. Development of the t 3- R A A remainder of Landings properties will proceed during the next 1-2 years.. At this writing the development schedule for the upstream properties is not known. However, total construction within five years is a conservative estimate. II. METHODS Sa In general the analysis was completed using "A Preliminary Draft of Storm Drainage Design Specifications for the City of Fort Collins." The Rational Method was used to determine peak flows. Although the total area is over 200 acres, sufficient drainage will be retained in Harmony Reservoir to reduce the area drained to the natural swale to less than 200 acres. Coefficients (C values) for use with the Rational Method were taken from Table 2 of the City specifications and were applied according to zoning. No adjustments were made in the coefficients for varying densities between different phases of the overall zoned properties. For instance, any oroDertV 7nnpd RLP (Ligh Planned Residential) was represented by a coefficient of 0.5 regardless of the layout of the phases of development. Time of concentration (Tc) used was derived from Kirpich's formula. Kirpich's-time of concentration is -more accurate for 2 I .. ..u. ..... _ .5 ii�. "1 v:Y...'a��"4i�•Y Y� �r}y�^� gyp �}.� , �]1:7��.;:ita �r.La�xN Jya2�T�ti36X�YEiwP, larger basins than are the overland flow curves given in the .City specifications. Since some of the subbasins are 50-60 acres in size our staff feels using Kirpich is a better approach. For documentation on the formula refer to Drainage Manual published by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and "Civil Engineering" June, 1940, for first publication. Midway through the analysis a meeting was held with the City staff responsible for review of drainage plans. The staff requested additional analysis to include storm runoff from all properties east of the center line of College Avenue. To perform this anal- ysis, hydrograph routing was necessary. We developed straight line hydrographs consistent with the Rational Method peak discharge and the accumulated runoff method. Included in Appendix B is the development of this hydrograph.. It does not satisfy the "feel" of a natural hydrograph, but it allows consistent application of the accumulated runoff method. III. BASIN DESCRIPTION AND LAND USE The basin thalweg is generally located between 500 and 1,000 feet north of Harmony Road falling at approximately one (1) per- cent from west to east. In the eastern one -quarter mile it turns southeasterly to the intersection of Lemay Avenue and Harmony Road, - 3 - A where a 40-inch by.29-inch elliptical concrete pipe culvert system exists to carry storm runoff under the intersection. Prior.to any improvements, the basin extended upstream approximately three miles and drained an area of one and a half square miles. However, development has altered the historic .basin. College Avenue effectively blocks all upstream flow. The one 24 inch culvert under College will be unused after completion of a storm sewer along the west side of the street. The present upstream limit of the basin under consideration is the Larimer County Irrigation Canal #2 which lies between College Avenue and the study area. It is unknown whether developed storm runoff between the canal and College.Avenue will be allowed to discharge into the canal or be required to bypass it. The canal discharges into Mail Creek immediately after leaving the basin under consideration, and lends itself to use as a storm drainageway both now and after development. Harmony Road crosses the natural Swale at the intersection .with Lemay Avenue. The existing drainage structure (a 45X29 inch elliptical culvert) has a maximum capacity of 70 cfs before innundating the intersection. This capacity of 70 cfs should - 4 - 11 yt•i �J.1-:iLiJ'1��11'Kiiir :, .L-!n: �..: •: ..:�+:. .!ai ,�' ter. .Y . �...♦ a. `{�:w•in('�N f'. wa,�fK..•�}1����y�y- isi\v"i'.iJ 1'� � - .. .- .. ... %V':': i1♦ �' 1Wa�Yif+LOAS equal the release amount of the entire basin to avoid flooding the intersection or having to install additional expensive culverts at the intersection. In planning for development in the area of the natural swale it should be recognized that storm waters have a natural easement along this swale. Therefore, it should be used as a local storm drainageway and as a location of major detention areas. A major detention area is one that routes offsite water in addition to detaining its own onsite water. The proposed collector street, Boardwalk Drive, will also intersect the valley thalweg. In order to size the culvert under Boardwalk Drive to carry the two (2) year undeveloped runoff quantity, a major detention area should be located upstream on the 10 acre apartment site and the City Park site (basin #7 on the map). The size of this detention area is greatly affected by the drainage pattern of upstream lands. IV. HARMONY RESERVOIR Harmony Reservoir is a man-made irrigation reservoir owned' and controlled by The Landings, Ltd. It is located on the northern edge of the drainage basin at the downstream edge of the proposed -5- .T.: �:7 t.'. .. .r ... r... ...... - .. .. ... .[r".•.. ..•,^. .. wiY'r.r iiGi�2f�Y 3'Y Landings Filing IV. It has a surface area of approximately 14 acres and a control gate outlet along the south side. Since the lake is less than ten feet deep and holds less than 400 acre-feet .of water,.state agencies will not be involved in the review of proposed use or improvements for the reservoir. Presently only 14 acres of land drain naturally into the reservoir, and it.has no special spillway to discharge storm water. After development,.the Landings Filing IV, Park Place, and ;j• part of the City owned park will flow into the reservoir (basins 1 and 2 on the map). Undetained discharge from this 42 acres of RLP zoned property during a 100 year, 3 hour storm would cause the water level in the reservoir to rise eight inches. The only structural improvement necessary to handle this flow would be a t spillway or other control device to ensure that the lake returns to normal operating level. The design of the improvements should occur prior to development of Whalers Cove downstream of the reservoir. If storm runoff is accepted from a portion of the South College Properties in the northwesterly portion of the basin ?�! (basins 3 and 4 on the map) a portion of the lake surface will be increased 20 inches during the design storm described above. ;6 _ u ':1:'�. ;ors:.:.. `� ,.. �',:��'.-�•;i/;._�Y�av :.h:�'Ji:ai�.Ci."w�i Y Development in The Boardwalk and Landings, Filing IV, will ;y establish the horizontal and vertical limits of the westerly bank of the reservoir. Obviously building elevations will be set above the maximum lake elevation. Final design of the develop- tw ,•i ;.� ment adjacent to the reservoir and of the release structure will dictate the operating and maximum lake water surface elevations. However, the maximum water elevation will never reach the visible limits of the historic high water level (5010t ft). Therefore, major dam improvements should not be necessary. V. HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC INVESTIGATION :z Refer to Appendix A for a map of the drainage subbasins and a schematic master drainage plan showing probable flow patterns. Subbasins shown on the map are defined with respect to one or 9i more of the following: zoning, land ownership, topography, and a}� y. proposed improvements. a5 An example of defining subbasins by property line is the division between basins 2 and 6. Basin 2, owned by The Landings, Ltd. is drained to Harmony Reservoir. Basin 6 drains to the natural Swale. A Area 10 is a combination of Whalers Cove and a.church site. a ?� Both are in the swale and cannot be separated because of the existing topography. - 7 , Storm discharges for this report were calculated using the Rational Method as explained in the "Methods" section of this report. Discharges calculated for each subbasin include the 2 year and 100 year frequencies for both the developed .and unde- veloped conditions. .See Appendix B for a list of release rates. The 2 year discharges given here are to be used as guidelines in sizing the release from the individual areas. In addition, the runoff from a major storm of 60 minute duration was calcu- lated for.basins 3-10. Hydrograph routing in the drainage swale was necessary to determine detention volumes. A 60 minute storm was chosen for this routing as it is usually the critical duration in the accumulated runoff method. Finally, the discharge for basin 6 was calculated for its present partially developed con- dition. All capacity calculations on culverts were based on the HEC-5 Manual, "Hydraulic Charts for the Selection of Highway Culverts." At the point of final .release, head was assumed to build up to the point of overtopping Lemay Avenue. To determine required detention volumes the Accumulated Runoff Method was used. For Harmony Reservoir the release rate is so extremely small that the line representing inflow and outflow for the Accumulated Runoff Method were still diverging at. three - B - 0 hours. Therefore, the entire volume of a 3-hour event was considered to be retained. Impact on the reservoir is expressed as the rise of the water surface in inches to store the entire 100 year storm runoff volume. The required size of detention areas in the swale was determined by routing the controlled release hydrographs of the upstream basin. Lag time was estimated as one-half the time of concentration, assuming channelization in the basin during development.. Detention calculations are included in Appendix B. Two (2) open grass -lined channels were designed to carry storm• water flow. Minimum slope was assumed at one-half percent to minimi.ze ponding of trickle flow. The channel cross sections were selected using Manning's Formula applied to grassed channels, as outlined in Open Channel Hydraulics, Chow, 1959. The size and location of easements required for the master drainage plan as it affects this project have been coordinated with the planner. VI. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS The complexity and number of possible drainage patterns is such that it is unrealistic to investigate only .one pattern. Therefore, we chose to present five alternatives, demonstrate their feasibility, and suggest what we feel is the most economical final solution. - 9- SPI Three alternatives are based on the existing capacity of the culvert at Harmony and Lemay, and vary only in the upstream drainage pattern. The first assumes that all developed storm runoff uphill of the irrigation canal be allowed to flow into the canal and immediately carried to Mail Creek. The second :y would consider all runoff by-passing the canal with areas 3 and =ti 4 being directed toward Harmony Reservoir. The third would have runoff from all property above the canal bypass it and flow into the existing Swale. . :J The last two alternatives assume the culvert at Lemay is improved to carry the historic 2 year flood or overtopping of Lemay is alowed to create the historic 2 year discharge out of 't the basin at that point. The alternatives accept the same upstream i contributions as the second and third schemes described below. Basically, the alternatives are either land intensive to K� provide extra space for detention or capital intensive in the amount of improvements required. These five alternatives are listed in tabular form with the required improvements in Appendix A. 'f The use of Harmony Reservoir as detention plays a major role in the drainage system. As discussed, the maximum water elevation ,r will be set by proposed construction near the lake's edge. The .,y 10 o'W' .7t�Y,?T.•-�.•*:.G; 3�'} �e�i lti:+(.gallt ."�td7r'i';',zs:'c&V)7Wr+ i water line will be set somewhere between the present water surface and the historic high water line. With the maximum high water set, the operating elevation will be set at a lower elevation equal to at least the rise expected from a major storm. By setting the maximum high water mark below the historic high water mark, required improvements to the dam at Harmony Reservoir are minimal. Since cosmetic improvements will be applied to the dam face, hydraulic improvements should be done at the same time by controlling the composition and compaction of imported material We recommend the following: 1. Larimer County. Irrigation Canal #2, due to its immediate release into Mail Creek be used as a point of final discharge for upstream storm waters. Development according to City criteria will actually lessen the impact on the canal, since a 100-year frequency storm would only release an undeveloped 2 year runoff rate into the canal after. upstream detention is provided. 2. The detention pond in Basin #7 be a phased construction to be reduced from 7.8 ac-ft. to 1.0 ac-ft. at the time. of development with.detention in Basin #6. 0 3. Whalers Cove provide 3.5 ac-ft. of detention in addition to providing an easement to route upstream water. Should the reviewing parties reject this recommendation, the cost of improvements and land for this recommendation could be used as this project's developers least expense in setting up cost allocation. 12 t - ON - Y}� ,r ' APPENDIX A r' n� •'3 tta x Y3 ;a t Yt ti 'I in n FE -17 r-7 LON 2, A' 5 a LJ .- Ip qp�P Pyppnsn`P� p�InPI nmI ➢,[�fP _ ^-WrPA�a �naimi��PnCno ��CffPO1m -0IadP�°1�Csr0P[PotIrTSCpnoor� Sp mi pn pI � '� apOm n �� nC °n➢ Tim'r yn m J' r AP� P i N I P�Rr a{0 r 1 _Cq Ort AC h 0 ' Z � � L Dry?� yai �n N� �n�j m[P �[ •+ f i P� na APP OT PPr LrP In p din,P.X p rQuvrI 0 Pi RN N N N N C L um ra L R P m 0 0 n ►a m am m m m C C Pi a Nm 1 > m rri m i p �19 m n C O I ' N - C rA ofln c. a pi 0 R t1 z S 0 pi �l - d SCI [ 0 n { • PO I C P r �c r p i pf n C i L Jp n 00 _ P {F P o P n I m P, �y TABLE OF REQUIRED IMPROVEMENTS Alter- natives 1 2 3 4 5 Item Phase I det. - Area 7 (AC -FT) 7.8 6.6 7.3 6.3 5.7 Final det. Area 7 (AC -FT) 1 0 3.4 7.3 2.0 4.2 Det. vol. Whalers Cove 3.4 4.7 3.9 1.0 1.3 (AC -FT) _ Culvert Under 27" 42"x27" 421lx27" 42"x27" 45"x29" Boardwalk Circular Oval Oval Oval Oval Culvert Improve- 27" RCP 27" RCP ment at Lemay None No None Added Added r Operating Elevation of Harmony Resv. 07.0 07.0 07.0 05.8 05.8 r Alternatives: 1) All water upstream of irrigation canal allowed in irrigation canal- �P 2) Areas 1-4 drain to Harmony Reservior, no.improvements to Lemay culvert 3) Areas 1 and 2 drain to Harmony Reservior, no improvements to Lemay culvert 4) Areas 1-4 drain to Harmony Reservior, Lemay culvert improved to carry 109 cfs 5) Areas 1 and 2 drain to Harmony Reservior, Lemay culvert improved to carry 109 cfs _ n 1E DEVELOPMENT OF RATIONAL METHOD "HYDROGRAPH" When the accumulated runoff method is used, the detention volume for any given storm length is assumed to be total runoff for that storm subtracted by release rate times storm duration. Given mathematically. (K) 0100 T - (K) 0 rel T = V det kl� r with: r 0 100 = 100 year runoff 0 rel = Actual release rate T = Time duration of rainfall V det = Required detention K = Constant for unit conversion ' expressed as: K 0 100 (2T) - K 0 rel (2T) = V det We see the following straight line Hydrograph would give both the rational method peak and the accumulated runoff detention volume. t Q 4 rev VP�t' Q,oO (LT..) �'i Q vel C;T-p) TV T _ �z ) vv�9J � Q .ao v . Q RQl 2 TP } RATIONAL METHOD DISCHARGES �1 Area Height Length Tc Acreage (ft) (ft) (min) 1 18 1400 11 41 2 10 900 10 21 3 12 800 10 15 4 18, 1100 10 20 w j 5 22 2000 15 43 I .6 20 2500 20 70 1 7 8 700 10 13 8 10 600 10 8 9 4 200 10 4 10 22 200`� 10 45 - Total Basin 72 6060 34 269 �f (' Present Basin 40 4800 34 191 i Tiem of concentration Formula. Tc = 0.0078 .O.77--0.385 r %y STORM DURATION = TC 100 Year 2 Year Area Developed Undeveloped Developed Undeveloped I ' CCf - 0 CCf Q I C Q C 0 1 6.9 0.63 176; 0.38 106. 2.4 .50 49,' .30 30 2 7.2 0.63 108 0.38 65 2.5 .50 30 .30 1$ 3. 7.2 0.93 100 0.38 40 2.5 .74 28 .30 11 4 7.2 0.88 126 0.38 54 2.5 .70 35 .30 15 5 6.0 1.00 258 0.38 97 2.1 .95 86 .30 27 6 5.2 1.00 364 0.38 137 1.8 .81 102 .30 38 7 7.2 ., 0.63 59 0.38 35 2.5 .50 16 .30 10 „8 ta 7.2 0.63 36 0.38 22 2.5 .50 10 .30 6 9 7.2 0.63` 18 0.38 11 2.5 .50 5 .30 3 10 7.2 .0.63 203 0.38 122 2.5 .50 57 .30 34 Total Basin 3.9 0.38 393 1.35 ..30 ` 109 Present Basin 3.9 0.38 279 1.35 30 77, Historic Historic 6 5.2 0.63 228 .1.8 .50 63 STORM DURATION = 60 min 100 Year Developed 2.Year Developed E;. Area I CCf 0 I C 0 3 2.6 .93_. 35 1.46 .74 16 . 4 2.6 .63 33 1.46 .50 15 5 2.6 1.00 112 1.46 .95 60 6 2.6 1.00 182 1.46 .81 83 7 2.6 .63 21. 1.46 .50 9 8 2.6 .63 13 1.46 .50 6 9 2.6. .63 7 1.46 .50 3 10 2.6 .63 73 1.46 .50 33 CULVERT FLOWS RELEASE FROM AREA #7 FLOW UNDER BOARDWALK DRIVE �Soo�.Z roo� s GROOVE END PROTECTING Ke = 0.2 ti99s HEAD =. 103.2 - 98.2 = 4.0' i OUTLET SUBMERGED ' USE OUTLET CONTROL goo ` --•-i ALTERNATIVE DISCHARGE CULVERT SELECTED (CFS) RE: HEC - 5 1 40 27 2 60 421lx27" w/ Orifice 3 70 42"x27" 4 65 42"x27" w/Oriface 5 80 45„x29 to FINAL RELEASE POINT CULVERT UNDER LEMAY & HARMONY EXISTING 45"x29" OVAL 37 ALL MEASUREMENTS SHOWN _ ARE FIELD SHOT = INLET CONTROL" OUTLET CONTROL 13W/D = 1.82 Ke = 0.2 H = 87.9 - 82.1 + 1.37 = 4.4' ems. L=240' 0 = 70 CFS 0 = 72 CFS IMPROVEVE NT 0 = 39 CFS If = 4.4 L = 240 D = 27" ADDED OR REPLACE W/ 53" x 34" OVAL 1 , OPEN CHANNEL FLOW SOUTH INLET TO HARMONY RESERVOIR CM ANN iS t_ �NtOCt1 ASSUMPTIONS: Tov cr( —y 3:1 Side Slopes "V" Channel ` Design 0 = 108 (,FS Slope = 0:6% y CHANNEL DIMENSIONS: oE.p.h 18' Top width Depth = 3.0 Freeboard = 2' Total width = 22' A 27.0 SO FT R P 18.9 1.43 V = 1.49 (R2/3)(-Sz) 1.49 (1.432/3 ) (.006;�) 4.07 n .036 VR = 5.82 n = 0.036 0 = 4.07 x 27.0 = 110 cfs CHANNEL THROUGH WHALERS COVE ASSUMPTIONS: f� Size for alternative with largest flow 0 design = 80 Slope = 0.4% Use section described above V = 1.49 (1.43 2/3) (0.0041) 3.32 0.036 - 0 = 3.32 z 27.0 = 90 cfs REF: Chow,Open Channel Hydraulics PG 179-185. HYDROGRAP11 ROUTING THROUGH FOND IN AREA #7 ASSUMPTIONS i - 1) 60 MIN STORM ASSUMED - 60 11IN STORM USUALLY GIVES THE CONTROL- LING DETENTION VOLUME IN THE ACCUMULATED RUNOFF METHOD 2) 2 YEAR HISTORIC RELEASE RATE USED FROM UPSTREAM DEVELOPED 3) RUNOFF FROM EACH BASIN DELAYED Tc IN PASSING THROUGH DOWN STREAM BASINS TABLE OF CONTROLLED RELEASES AFFECTING AREA #7 AREA - DEVELOPED Orel Orel Tp* Tend* Tlag a 100 0100 3 36 11 0.306 102 392 22 4 33 15 0.455 93 264. 17 5 112 27 0.241 106 298 10 ' 6 182 38 0.209 107 574 0 7 21 21 1.00 60 120 0 * See "Development of Rational Method Hydrograph" POND IN AREA #7 RECEIVING HISTORIC FLOW FROM AREA #6 AND DEVELOPED RUNOFF FROM AREA #7. 12.5 10.0 E—• U 7.5 2 n 2.5 30 60 90 120 TIME (MIN) 100 YEAR STORE^. DATA T I A CCf 0 V 20 5.20 63 .625 -270 7.43 30 4.18 83 .625 219 8.96 60 . 2.60. 83 .625 135 11.15 90 1.87 83 .625 97 12.03 120 1.43 83 .625 74 12.26 DISCHARGE/VOLUME RELATIONSHIPS 0 DET VOL 60 6.6 65 6.3 70 6.1 oD 5.7 40 7.0 _I COMPOSITE HYDROGRAPH AREA 7 MAXIMUM UPSTREAM DEVELOPMENT NO WATER ACCEPTED BY HARMONY. 120 �'— Volume detained = 4.2 AC -FT N 80 Volume detained._ 7.3 AC -FT W x 40 0 _ - Inflow 0 0 120 240 360 480 600 TIME (MIN) COMPOSITE HYDROGRAPH AREA 7 MAXIMUM UPSTREAM DEVELOPMENT AREAS 3-4 ACCEPTED BY HARMONY 120 ^ 80 Volume detained = 2.0 AC -FT r --Volume detained = 3.4 AC4T l� x 40 o Inflow f; 0 120 240 360 430 600 �J TIME .(M'IN) r 120 80 N t.. H Q 40 Va 120 80 c� v a x U ( H-4 0 40 COMPOSITE. HYDROGRAPH AREA #10 AREA 3 & 4 ACCEPTED TO HARMONY• RELEASE 104 120 240 360 480 TIME (MIN) COMPOSITE HYDROGRAPH AREA #10 AREA 3 & 4.ACCEPTED Tn HARMnmy :TIME (MIN) 1 • S 4C 0 120 - 80 G. U G] U ' fL 4 40 H- 120 120 COMPOSITE HYDROGRAPH AREA 010 NO WATER ACCEPTED TO HARMONY. RELEASE 104 cfs. 240 TIME (MIN) COMPOSITE HYDROGRAPH AREA #10 240 TIME (.MIN) 360 480 360 WE AREA #7 DEVELOPED BASIN #6 ONLY UPSTREAM CONTRIBUTION ' With flat top hydrograph a wide range of detention / volumes are possible. N / Assign volume = 1 AC -FT � 40 • /f w< : U OC . x U N N A 20 60 120 180 240 TIME (MIN) AREA #10 NO RUNOFF ABOVE 120 G. 80 w a d S U N O 40 60 120 180 240 THE (MIN)