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MONTAVA - PHASE D INFRASTRUCTURE - BDR240010 - SUBMITTAL DOCUMENTS - ROUND 2 - Stormwater Management Plan (2)
E Stormwater Management Plan (SWMP) 1, For Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure s , c • • • • of July 31 , 2024 TST. INC. r�Cip'ONSULTING ENGINEERS r o+,Lr. . .•tea TST, INC. CONSULTING ENGINEERS Developers: Montava Development & Construction LLC 430. N. College Ave, Suite 410 Fort Collins, CO 80524 (512) 507-5570 Contractors: TBD Landowners: Montava Partners LLC 225 N. 9'h St. Suite 350 Boise, ID 83702-5735 Engineers: TST Inc. Consulting Engineers 748 Whalers Way, Suite 200 Fort Collins, CO 80525 (970) 226-0557 ■ Table of Contents Stormwater Management Plan Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure 1.0 - SITE DESCRIPTION............................................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Project Location and Description................................................................... 1 1.3 Proposed Sequence of Activities................................................................... 2 1.4 Existing Soil and Surface Conditions............................................................ 3 1.5 Wetlands and Receiving Waters..................................................................... 4 1.6 Storm Water Management Plan Administrator.............................................. 4 1.7 Potential Pollutants......................................................................................... 5 2.0 - POLLUTION CONTROLS ......................................................................................5 2.1 Controls Overview........................................................................................... 5 2.2 Erosion and Sediment Controls..................................................................... 6 2.3 Materials Management...................................................................................12 2.4 Spill Management...........................................................................................14 2.5 Non-Storm Water Components of Discharge...............................................15 3.0 - INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE.................................................................... 16 3.1 Inspection and Maintenance Overview.........................................................16 3.2 Minimum Monitoring Requirements..............................................................16 3.3 Reporting Requirements / Inspection Reports.............................................17 3.4 Site Maps ........................................................................................................17 4.0 - FINAL STABILIZATION / CONCLUSION ............................................................ 18 Page i TST.INC.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan 5.0 - REFERENCES...................................................................................................... 18 List of Figures 1.1 Vicinity Map .....................................................................................................................2 Technical Appendix Appendix A - CDPHE General Permit for Storm Water Discharge— Construction Activity Appendix B - CDPHE Construction Activity Permit Application Appendix C - Urban Drainage and Flood Control District BMPs Appendix D - Reporting Chemical Spills and Releases in Colorado Appendix E - Sample Inspection Form Appendix F - Inactivation/Reassignment Notices Appendix G - Soil Survey Information Appendix H - City of Fort Collins Dust Prevention and Control Manual Appendix I - Erosion Control Plan ii Page TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan 1 .0 - Site Description 1.1 Introduction The following Storm Water Management Plan (SWMP) has been prepared for use during the construction of the Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure project. This plan describes recommended procedures and best management practices, BMP's, to assist the contractor in complying with the Colorado Water Quality Control Act and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act. A copy of the CDPHE General Permit for discharge is attached in Appendix A. The general permit is the State law that requires this report and is provided for reference. A copy of the permit application is provided in Appendix B for submittal to the State at least 10 days prior to beginning grading activities. The intent of this plan is to provide the contractor a place to consolidate records, logs, permits, applications etc. as well as guidance on water quality protection. It is critical that the contractor understands that this plan is a living document that must be updated and maintained throughout the construction process. 1.2 Project Location and Description The Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure project site is located in Section 32, Township 8 North, Range 68 West of the 6th Principal Meridian, within the City of Fort Collins, Larimer County, Colorado. The proposed site is bounded on the north by farmland, Future Montava Subdivision phases, and Richards Lake Road. On the east by farmland, N. Giddings Road, and Future Montava Subdivision phases. On the south by farmland and Mountain Vista Drive. On the west by farmland, the Number 8 Outlet Ditch, Montava Phase D (assumed to be built before or concurrently with Montava Phase D Infrastructure), and Future Montava Subdivision phases. The Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure project site contains approximately 17 acres and consisting of the Single-Family, Streets, and Open Space. Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure is currently zoned as PUD. According to a preliminary subsurface exploration completed by Earth Engineering Consultants, LLC, dated October 2, 2017, groundwater depths range from 2 to 36 '/2 feet below existing grades with an average of approximately 15 feet throughout the Montava Subdivision Phase D. A vicinity map illustrating the project location is provided in Figure 1.1. Page 1 %TST. INC.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan r M MEM MM z ® 0 N MIN MOUNTAIN VISTA DR 0 m Ll' z_ J L' W O! 0] BOB WI, ® ®®®p® ®� MEN VINE DR ® fi® VICINITY MAP NOT TO SCALE Figure 1.1: Vicinity Map 1.3 Proposed Sequence of Activities The contractor is the SWMP Administrator and will be responsible for implementing and maintaining the erosion and sediment control, and pollution prevention measures described in this document and the accompanying construction drawings and specifications. The contractor may designate certain tasks as he sees fit, but the ultimate responsibility for ensuring the implementation of these controls and their proper function remains with the contractor. The order of major activities will be as follows: 1. Site Preparation: Confirm project disturbance limitations with those indicated on the Erosion Control Plan, and install initial sediment and erosion control and pollution prevention BMP's. All BMP's must be shown on the Erosion Control Plan in the back pocket of this report. Some BMP locations must be determined by the contractor and marked on the plans in addition to the ones already shown. Page 2 TST INC.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan 2. Schedule pre-construction inspection of BMPs with the City of Fort Collins to insure proper installation and functionality. Fill out an inspection report, provided in Appendix E, and file it in this report notebook. 3. The general site construction process will start with mobilization and clearing/stripping. 4. Grading activities will then be completed, which require the installation of inlet protection, surface roughing and erosion control blankets on slopes steeper than 3:1. 5. Utility installation will be the next phase where attention should be given to waste management, outdoor storage areas, dewatering requirements, and rip-rap installation. 6. With the completion of utilities, the hardscape will start, which will require that attention be given to items such as spill containment and concrete washout areas. 7. When the hardscape is completed, the buildings will start construction. Around each individual building, site perimeter protection, such as staked straw wattles, shall be installed for areas where sediment can run onto the hardscape. 8. As areas are completed the installation of permanent BMP's, such as seeding, mulching, spray-on matrix or rolled erosion control blankets on slopes shall be added. 9. Temporary seeding shall be added to areas that won't be stabilized within 30 days. 10. Remove all temporary BMPs upon establishment of sufficient vegetative cover or other permanent stabilization. If at any time construction ceases for a period expected to exceed 30 days, such as the project being split into multiple phases, temporary seeding of future phases shall be installed until construction of each future phase has begun. In the event that the project is split into phases or suspended, the permit may need to be inactivated or reassigned to next administrator. 1.4 Existing Soil and Surface Conditions The types of soils found on the Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure site consist of: V Fort Collins loam (35)—0 to 3 percent slopes. ':' Fort Collins loam (36)—3 to 5 percent slopes. Satanta loam (95)— 1 to 3 percent slopes. ':' Satanta Variant clay loam (98)— 0 to 3 percent slopes. Page 3 TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan The characteristics of the soil found on the project site include: ':• Slow to very slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. Slow to very slow rate of water transmission. ❖ Majority of the site has a wind erodibility rating of 5 and 6 (8 being the least susceptible) These soils consist of the following hydrologic soil groups as defined in the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Web Soil Survey: Group C— 32.90%. •:' Group D —67.10%. These soil groups vary from a moderate to low wind erodibility and a majority of the site consists of Group D soils meaning there will likely be slower infiltration when thoroughly wet (high runoff potential). The USDA web soil survey report is included in Appendix G. Please refer to this appendix for further description of soil characteristics. 1.5 Wetlands and Receiving Waters The Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure site is located in an undeveloped lot west of the Anheuser Busch property. The current land is being used for agricultural purposes and undeveloped land. The land currently consists of native grasses, bare ground, and crops. Runoff from the undeveloped site has one flow path that ends up in the Larimer and Weld Canal that is located south of the site. Phase D Infrastructure sheet flows southeast into an inadvertent detention area which will overtop Mountain Vista Drive, and eventually into the Larimer and Weld Canal through various drainage infrastructure. The existing site does not have any existing ponds or drainage facilities. The site has an inadvertent detention area near Giddings Road and Mountain Vista Drive. The major drainage way that is being utilized for Phase D Infrastructure is the Larimer and Weld Canal which is ultimately received by the Cache La Poudre River. There are no jurisdictional wetlands on site, however, there are wetlands that the city will require to mitigate. A separate wetland mitigation document will be prepared. 1.6 Storm Water Management Plan Administrator shall be the designated SWMP Administrator for the Project. It will be his or her responsibility to insure the SWMP's adequacy at all times to effectively manage potential storm water pollutants throughout the course of construction. Page 4 TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan 1.7 Potential Pollutants Below is a list of potential pollution sources that can occur during the construction of site improvements and potential remedies, or the appropriate section that should be referenced for controlling these pollution sources: • All disturbed and stored soils — (Surface roughening, reseeding, mulching and silt fence) • Vehicle tracking of sediments— (Vehicle tracking pads, street sweeping) • Management of contaminated soils — (See Section 2.3.2) • Loading and unloading operations — (See Section 2.2.3 - Stabilized Staging Area) • Outdoor storage activities (building materials, fertilizers, chemicals, etc.) — (See Section 2.3) • Vehicle and equipment maintenance and fueling - (See Section 2.3.2) • Significant dust or particulate generating processes — (See Section 2.2.3— Wind Erosion/Dust Control) • Routine maintenance activities involving fertilizers, pesticides, detergents, fuels, solvents, oils, etc. (See Section 2.3.2) • On-site waste management practices (waste piles, liquid wastes, dumpsters, etc.)— (See Section 2.3) • Concrete truck/equipment washing, including the concrete truck chute and associated fixtures and equipment - (Use concrete wash-out) • Dedicated asphalt and concrete batch plants— (Not used on this project) • Non-industrial waste sources such as worker trash and portable toilets — (See Section 2.3.2.- BMP's for San/Septic Waste) • Other areas or procedures where potential spills can occur (See Section 2.3) 2.0 - Pollution Controls 2.1 Controls Overview During construction, several control measures shall be implemented under the direction of the contractor to prevent discharge of contaminated water. Specifications and details for specific control measures are included in Appendix C of this report for use on the project. In addition to those structural measures, other controls include non-structural practices, materials management, spill prevention and management, and other miscellaneous controls as described in the following sections. Page 5 TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan 2.2 Erosion and Sediment Controls The objective of erosion control is to limit the amount of erosion occurring on disturbed areas until stabilized. The objective of sediment control is to capture soil that has eroded before it leaves the construction site. Despite the use of both erosion and sediment control measures, it is recognized that some sediment could remain in runoff, especially during very large storm events. The contractor shall utilize the best management practices (BMP's) described in the following sections to minimize the above potential to the maximum extent practicable. During all phases of construction, the contractor should plan ahead of possible rainfall events and work to limit erosion from occurring where potential exists. Where potential does exist provide adequate conveyance, temporary or permanent, and direct runoff to BMP's that trap sediment. The erosion and sediment BMP's anticipated for use on the site include both structural and non-structural practices. 2.2.1 Structural Practices Structural BMPs are structures that limit erosion and sediment transport. Such practices include check dams, silt fence, inlet and outlet protection, water quality ponds, and grading techniques. The structural BMP's that will be utilized on the subject site are described in more detail as follows: Sediment Control Logs (Wattles) • A linear roll made of natural materials such as straw or coconut fiber and staked to the ground with a wooden stake. • To be used as a sediment barrier to intercept sheet flow from disturbed areas — as perimeter control around stockpiles, inlet protection, check dams for small drainage swales with low velocity. • To be installed along the contour. • Remove accumulated sediment once the depth is one half the height of the sediment log and repair damage. Silt Fence • A temporary vertical barrier attached to and supported by posts entrenched in the ground. • Utilized to intercept sediment from disturbed areas during construction. • For use in areas of shallow flow, not concentrated runoff. • Typically used at the toe of fills and in transitions between cuts and fills and along streams. • Usually used as a perimeter control. • Installed prior to any land disturbing activity. • Shall be inspected periodically and after each rain or snowmelt event. • Not effective as a wind break. Page 6 TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan Water Quality Ponds • A small temporary or permanent ponding area with a hard-lined spillway. • Utilized to detain sediment laden storm water and allow particles to settle out. • Should be installed prior to other land disturbing activities upstream. • Best used with other erosion prevention practices to limit sediment load in pond. • During construction, sediment shall be removed when the wet storage is reduced by half. • Full capacity of ponds shall be re-established following stabilization. Grading Techniques • Soil surface roughening, terracing and rounding at tops of cuts, transitions and roadway ditches to facilitate vegetation and minimize erosion. • Disk surface to create ridges at least 6 inches deep following the land contour. • Used to temporarily stabilize disturbed areas immediately after grading. • After rainstorm events, rills that formed should be repaired immediately. Inlet Protection • Permeable barriers installed around an inlet to filter runoff and remove sediment prior to entering a storm drain inlet. • Constructed from rock socks, sediment control logs, silt fence, or other materials approved by the local jurisdiction. • Not a stand-alone BMP and should be used in conjunction with other upgradient BMPs. • When applying inlet protection in sump conditions, it is important that the inlet continues to function during larger runoff events in order to prevent localized flooding, public safety issues, and downstream erosion and damage from bypassed flows. • Inspect frequently for tears, improper installation, displacement, and sediment accumulation. • Remove sediment accumulation from the area upstream of the inlet protection as needed to maintain BMP effectiveness. • Propriety inlet protection devices should be inspected and maintained in accordance with manufacturer specifications. • Inlet protection must be removed and properly disposed of when the drainage area for the inlet has reached final stabilization. Concrete Washout Area • Appropriate on all sites that will generate concrete wash water or liquid concrete Page 7 TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan waste from onsite concrete mixing or concrete delivery. • The use of the washout site should be temporary (less than 1 year). • Should not be located in an area where shallow groundwater may be present, such as near natural drainages, springs, or wetlands. • May be lined or unlined depending on site conditions. • Avoid natural drainage pathways, waterbodies, wells, and drinking water sources. • Ensure adequate signage is in place for identifying the location of the washout area. • Remove concrete waste in washout area as needed to maintain BMP function. • Collect concrete waste and deliver offsite to designated disposal location. Vehicle Tracking Control • Provide stabilized construction site access where vehicles exit the site onto paved public roads. • Helps remove sediment (mud or dirt) from vehicles, reducing tracking onto the paved surface. • Particularly important during wet weather periods when mud is easily tracked off site, dry weather periods where dust is a concern, and when poorly drained, clayey soils are present. • Wheel washes may be needed on particularly muddy sites. • Inspect the area for degradation and replace material as needed. • Removed sediment that is tracked onto the public right of way daily or more frequently as needed. • Excess sediment in the roadway indicates that maintenance is required. • Remove only when there is no longer the potential for vehicle tracking to occur. 2.2.2 Non-Structural Practices Non-structural BMPs are both temporary and permanent stabilization practices. Such practices may include surface roughening, temporary or permanent seeding, mulching, geotextiles and maintaining existing vegetation. The non-structural BMPs that will be used on the site include the following: Surface Roughening • Tracking, scarifying, tilling a disturbed area to provide temporary stabilization and minimize wind and water erosion. • Not a stand-alone BMP and should be used with other BMP's. Temporary and Permanent Seeding • Soil preparation, disking, and soil amendments are necessary for proper seed MI Page 8 TST, INC.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan bed establishment. • Seeded areas should be inspected regularly. Areas that fail to establish shall be re-seeded promptly. • Any area exposed for more than 30 days after construction has ceased shall be seeded and mulched. • Permanent landscape cover shall be installed according to the landscape plan. Mulching • Application of plant residues to the soil surface. Typical mulching materials include certified weed free hay or straw, certified under the Colorado Department of Agriculture Weed Free Forage Certification Program. • Utilized in combination with tackifier during high winds, steep slopes, or due to seasonal constraints. • Used to cover permanent and temporarily seeded areas. • Inspect frequently and reapply in areas where mulching has loosened or removed. Maintain Existing Vegetation— Vegetated Buffers • Preserved natural vegetation helps protect waterways and wetlands from land disturbing activities and improve stormwater runoff quality by straining sediment and promoting infiltration. • Concentrated flow should not be directed through a vegetated buffer, instead runoff should be in the form of sheet flow. • Used in conjunction with other perimeter control BMP's such as sediment control logs or silt fence. • Clearly delineate the boundary of the natural buffer area using construction or silt fencing Construction Fence • Used to restrict site access to designated entrances and exits and delineates construction site boundaries. • Used to protect natural areas or areas that should not be disturbed. • Construction fencing may be chain link or plastic mesh fencing. Rolled Erosion Control Products: • A special blanket or liner that prevents erosion while vegetation is established and aids in establishment by preserving moisture available to the seed. • The blankets need to cover the necessary area of the graded slope and bottom channel. • The blanket will be installed according to the manufacturer's instructions and Page 9 TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan specifications. The number of staples or fasteners is critical while vegetation is still germinating. • The erosion control blankets will be installed once the slopes of the vegetated swales have reached final grade or on areas where erosion is occurring during construction. • The erosion control blanket will be inspected weekly and immediately after storm events to determine if cracks, tears, or breaches have been formed in the fabric. If so the blanket will be repaired or replaced immediately. • Good contact with the soil will be maintained and erosion will not occur under the blanket. Any areas where the blanket is not in close contact with the ground will be repaired or replaced. • Utilized as both temporary and permanent feature depending on grade. 2.2.3 Other Controls Vehicle Tracking Control/Construction Entrance • A temporary stabilized layer of aggregate underlined with geotextile or gravel located where traffic enters or exits the construction site. • Should be installed prior to any construction and inspected daily. • Does not work well alone in muddy conditions — use tire washing when mud is present. Implementation of tire washing should include provisions for collecting wash water and directing it to a treatment pond. • Whenever possible locate the construction entrance as far from the disturbed area as possible to allow maximum travel time for sediment removal from tires. • Public and Private roadways shall be kept clear of accumulated sediment. • Cleaning sediment shall not be accomplished by flushing with water. Sediment should be shoveled or swept from the street and placed away from storm water improvements. • Consider limiting vehicles from entering the site when conditions are wet or muddy. Wind Erosion/Dust Control • Dust from the site will be controlled using a mobile pressure-type distributor truck to apply portable water to disturbed areas. The mobile unit will apply water only as necessary to prevent runoff and ponding. • Dust control will be implemented as needed once site grading has been initiated and during windy conditions while site grading is occurring. • Spraying of portable water will be performed whenever the dryness of the soil warrants it. • At least one mobile unit will be available at all time to distribute portable water to control dust on the project area. • During high winds limit traffic speeds to 12 mph or less on areas without gravel or Page 10 TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan pavement. • Gravel can be placed on construction roads, entrances, and construction staging areas. Stone/gravel provides an effective protective cover over the soil. • In areas where wind erosion is expected soil-binding tackifiers can be applied with high success. • Refer to Chapter 12 of the Code of the City of Fort Collins, Ordinance No. 044, 2016 for detailed requirements regarding fugitive dust. • Refer to Appendix H for the Fugitive Dust Control Manual. Stabilized Staging Area • A clearly designated area where construction equipment and vehicles, waste bins and other construction related materials are stored. • This area should be designated on the SWMP map. • Appropriate space to provide loading/unloading operations and parking. • A stabilized surface, paved or covered in 3" diameter aggregate or larger. • Perimeter controls such as silt fence, sediment control logs or construction fencing • Vehicle Tracking Control pad to be used in conjunction with a Stabilized Staging Area if this area is adjacent to a public roadway. Dewatering Operations • Dewatering typically involves pumping water from an inundated area to a BMP and then downstream to a receiving waterway, sediment basin or vegetated area. Dewatering typically involves the use of several BMP's in sequence. • All dewatering discharges must be treated to remove sediment before discharging from a construction site. Discharging water into a sediment trap or basin or filter bag, series of straw bales or sediment logs are options. Stockpile Management • Implement measures to minimize erosion and sediment transport from stockpiles. • Locate stockpiles away from all drainage system components. • Place BMP's around the perimeter of the stockpile such as sediment control logs, rock socks, silt fence, straw bales and sand bags • For active use stockpiles, provide a stabilized access point upgradient of the stockpile. • Surface roughening, temporary seeding and mulching, erosion control blankets may be needed for stockpiles older than 30 days. Page 11 TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan 2.3 Materials Management 2.3.1 Potential Pollution Sources Abnormal or especially hazardous materials are not expected to be utilized during the construction of the project, but like most construction projects, some materials or substances used have the potential to be hazardous when leaked into the storm water runoff. The following materials could potentially be present onsite during construction: Concrete/Additives/Wastes Cleaning Solvents Detergents Petroleum based products Paints/Solvents Pesticides Acids Fertilizers Construction Wastes Sanitary wastes Soil Stabilization additives Activities on the site that may impact storm water include the following: • Equipment storage/Washing/Fueling • Storage of Fertilizers/Chemicals/Paint/Fuel • Waste storage/disposal • Sanitary facility use and disposal As construction progresses, specific areas shall be designated for the above-mentioned activities and materials management operations. The contractor is responsible to marking the location of these facilities on the site map and reporting on the condition, effectiveness and corrections or changes made and why. 2.3.2 Pollution Prevention Measures Pollution prevention measures should be utilized to prevent construction materials with the potential for polluting storm water from coming in contact with runoff. Measures include good housekeeping, proper disposal and storage, spill prevention, and secondary containment. BMPs for most common construction materials and wastes with the greatest potential for adversely affecting water quality are as follows: BMPs for Construction Waste: • Select a designated waste collection area onsite. • Locate containers in level areas away from storm water conveyance structures. • Provide covers for containers that contain very hazardous or soluble chemicals. • Avoid putting paint/solvent containers in open dumpsters or allow them to dry Page 12 TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan completely before disposing. • If a container does spill, provide clean up immediately. • Make sure waste is disposed of at authorized disposal areas. BMPs for Hazardous Waste Disposal • Check with local waste management authorities with regard to requirements for disposing of hazardous materials. • Use entire product before disposing. • Dispose of containers with lids on and tightly sealed • Provide a separate dumpster for large amounts of chemical or hazardous material and maintain more stringent controls on that dumpster. • Do not remove the product label from containers, it contains important disposal information. BMPs for Sanitary/Septic Wastes • If self-contained, temporary sanitary facilities are used, the waste disposal company should service the facilities based on the number of workers anticipated to avoid overuse. • All facilities should be anchored to the ground to prevent overturning due to wind or accident. • Locate portable toilets away from curbs, swales or other locations where concentrated runoff may occur. • Do not dump any hazardous materials into the sanitary waste disposal systems. BMPs for pesticides/fertilizers • Store pesticides in a dry covered area and elevate above the ground. • Provide secondary containment barriers around areas where a lot of material is stored. Straw Wattles are NOT appropriate containment barriers! • Strictly follow recommended application rates and application methods • Apply fertilizer more frequently and at lower rates. • Reduce exposure of nutrients to storm events by working fertilizer deep into soil BMPs for petroleum products • Fueling operations shall occur in a designated area. • Store petroleum products in covered areas and away from areas where concentrated runoff occurs. • Provide secondary containment barriers around areas where a lot of material is stored. Straw Wattles are NOT appropriate containment barriers! • Schedule preventative maintenance for onsite equipment and fix any gas/oil leaks on a regular basis. Page 13 TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan • Follow procedures for proper handling of asphalt and sealers. • Secure fueling equipment and install valves to prevent vandalism/theft. 2.4 Spill Management Construction site supervisors should create and adopt a spill control plan that includes measures and procedures to stop the source of the spill, contain the spill, clean up, and dispose of contaminated materials. Key personnel should be identified and trained to be responsible for spill prevention and control. The following measures would be appropriate for a spill prevention response plan: Store and handle materials to prevent spills • Tightly seal containers. • Make sure all containers are neatly labeled. • Stack containers carefully for stability to avoid spills. • Limit the height of stacks of stored materials. • Whenever possible store materials on covered pallets or in trailers with adequate ventilation. • Eliminate storm water contact if there is a spill. • Have cleanup procedures clearly posted. • Have cleanup materials readily available and posted. • Immediately contain any liquid. • Stop the source of the spill. • Cover spill with absorbent material and dispose of properly. Additionally, records of spills, leaks, or overflows that result in the discharge of pollutants must be documented and maintained. When any spill occurs: 1) Notify the controlling operator of the site immediately following a hazardous spill. 2) Document the spill and its clean-up procedures whether reporting is required or not. 3) At a minimum document the following: • Nature of spill • Quantity of spill • Date/time spill occurred • Agency notification if necessary • Clean-up procedures used • Daily monitoring (7 days) after clean-up • Photographs Page 14 TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan • Interview(s)with any witnesses of the event Some spills will need to be reported to the Division of Water Quality immediately including the following: • Over 25 gallons of petroleum • 5 CCs of mercury • a release of any chemical, oil, petroleum product which entered waters of the State of Colorado (which include surface water, groundwater, dry gullies or storm sewers leading to surface water). • Any spill or release of raw sewage If any of the above criteria is met or exceeded, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Local Emergency Planning committee, downstream users and other agencies (MS4s) will be notified. The CDPHE will be notified by telephone within 24 hours. In addition, written notification describing the spill and the clean up procedures used will be sent to the agencies 5 days following the spill. If a spill does not meet the above criteria, reporting is not mandatory. See Appendix D for the Divisions requirements. The Divisions 24-hour environmental emergency spill reporting line is 1-877-518-5608. 2.5 Non-Storm Water Components of Discharge Non-storm water discharges must be avoided or reduced to the maximum extent possible. This SWMP plan assumes construction dewatering will be required. Pumping or draining groundwater, even groundwater that has infiltrated an excavation, requires a separate permit from the State. Storm water that mixes with groundwater is also subject to the controls in the general permit for Construction Dewatering. The permit requirements and application for Construction dewatering is available at: http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/wq/PermitsUnit/construction.htm1. No materials shall be discharged in quantities that may impact storm water runoff. Possible discharge sources that need to be contained include: ❖ Locations where water tanks are being filled. Seal all leaks and avoid over filling. Any leaks should be directed to a water quality pond or protected to prevent erosion. Contain excess water during fire hydrant blow off, water system cleaning or other instances where potable water is discharged onto the surface. Convey any discharge to a water quality pond and avoid causing erosion by avoiding steep slopes, disturbed areas, etc. Page 15 TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan ❖ Monitor irrigation systems and fix leaks promptly. Avoid over irrigating areas where vegetation is not yet established. 3.0 - Inspection and Maintenance 3.1 Inspection and Maintenance Overview A site inspection of all erosion control facilities shall be conducted at least once every two weeks and immediately following any significant storm event, including snowmelt that can cause surface erosion and at least every 30 days for inactive projects. The inspection must determine if there is any evidence of, or the potential for, pollutants entering the drainage system. BMPs should be inspected to see if they meet the design and operation criteria in the SWMP and that they are adequately controlling potential pollutants. Any defects shall be corrected promptly. Where spill kits have been used, or storage areas moved, supplies shall be restocked and re- protected. The site shall be inspected by the SWMP administrator or someone with adequate training who should monitor and follow the procedures outlined below: 3.2 Minimum Monitoring Requirements ':• Inspections of the site shall be conducted by the contractor (or agent) every two weeks and after significant storm events. ':• Inspections are required at least every 30 days and after measurable storm events for sites that are no longer under construction, but do not have 70% established ground cover. A qualified superintendent familiar with this SWMP and BMPs shall perform the inspections. The contractor shall certify that the site is in compliance with the permit by: ❖ Ensuring areas where significant runoff is occurring are identified on the site map. ❖ Storm water outfall shall be observed to determine whether or not measurable quantities of sediment or other pollutants have been or are being transported offsite. ❖ BMPs shall be addressed to determine if they are functioning properly or if they are in need of repair or maintenance. If the report describes deficiencies in pollution control structures or procedures, such deficiencies shall be corrected immediately. Page 16 TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan ❖ A brief description of measures taken to correct deficiencies shall be recorded. ❖ Determine if additional controls will be needed to next week's activities. ❖ When an inspection does not identify any incidents of non-compliance, the report shall contain a certification that the site is in compliance with the SWMP and this permit. ❖ The date and inspector identity shall also be recorded. This record shall be signed made available to the State or City upon request. Based on the results of the inspection, the description of potential pollutant sources, and the control measures used should be updated on the SWMP and Site Maps as soon as possible. Typically, corrective action shall commence immediately when a deficiency is observed. SWMP and Map updates shall be completed within 72 hours. Another inspection should follow up and include the date, corrective action taken, and initials of who certified the work. 3.3 Reporting Requirements / Inspection Reports The contractor is responsible for reporting of all BMP inspections and maintaining records of reports and maps throughout the project. The record shall be retained onsite and/or readily available until the inactivation notice has been filed. All inspection reports shall be submitted to the owner when the permit becomes inactive. A recommended/example inspection is included in Appendix E. At a minimum, the inspection reports shall contain the following: • Dates • Name(s) of inspectors • Purpose of inspection e.g. spill event, leakage of materials, storm event, bi- weekly inspection, etc. • When a bi-weekly report, an assessment of the entire property as related to SWMP issues • An estimated area of currently disturbed area. • Evaluation of all active BMPs • Actions needed to assure continued compliance with SWMP guidelines • Document all areas of potential pollution sources and how they are protected • Documentation of any needed changes • Training events • Uncontrolled releases of mud or muddy water or measurable amounts of sediment • An estimated amount of precipitation. An onsite rain gauge is suggested. 3.4 Site Maps In the back pocket of this report notebook there is an Erosion Control Plan for use during Page 17 TST, ING.CONSULTING ENGINEERS Montava Subdivision Phase D Infrastructure Stormwater Management Plan construction. The purpose of this plan is to provide the contractor a place to document and plan BMP's used during construction. Because the placement of individual BMP's will depend on the condition of the site and the contractor's judgment, not all BMP's are shown on the plans. It is the contractor's duty as site administrator to determine the need for and placement of BMPs and mark them on the map. 4.0 - Final Stabilization / Conclusion Permanent stabilization will be achieved by establishing vegetative or permanent surface cover on all disturbed areas. The final vegetative cover is specified on the Erosion Control Plan. The City of Fort Collins considers vegetative cover complete when the plant density reaches 70 percent. The contractor shall remove all temporary erosion and sediment control BMPs after stabilization is achieved or after temporary BMPs are no longer needed. Trapped sediment (including within pipes) will be removed by the contractor or stabilized onsite. Disturbed soil areas resulting from removal of BMPs or the contractor will permanently stabilize vegetation as soon as possible. Again, this plan is a living document that will need to be updated and maintained throughout the construction process and until all areas of the site have been stabilized. This permit will remain active until an inactivation notice has been filed with the State. Additionally, this permit may be transferred to another party in the event that the contractor or sub-contractor responsible for its implementation leaves the site before stabilization has occurred. The Inactivation Notice and Reassignment Notices are included in Appendix F. 5.0 - References 1. CDOT Erosion Control and Storm Water Quality Guide, Colorado Department of Transportation, 2002 2. Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual, Urban Drainage and Flood Control District (Rev. July, 2001) 3. Storm Water Risk Management, LLC; April 11, 2008; Pre-Construction & Engineering Training for Construction Storm Water Management Manual. 4. Construction Site Storm Water Runoff Control — National Menu of best practices, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1999 MI Page 18 TST, INC.CONSULTING ENGINEERS APPENDIX A CDPHE General Permit for Storm Water Discharge - Construction Activity STATE OF COLOKADO COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT Water Quality Control Division CDPS GENERAL PERMIT STORMWATER DISCHARGES ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY AUTHORIZATION TO DISCHARGE UNDER THE COLORADO DISCHARGE PERMIT SYSTEM (CDPS) COR400000 In compliance with the provisions of the Colorado Water Quality Control Act, (25-8-101 et seq., CRS, 1973 as amended) and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.; the "Act"), this permit authorizes the discharge of stormwater associated with construction activities (and specific allowable non-stormwater discharges in accordance with Part I.A.1. of the permit) certified under this permit, from those locations specified throughout the State of Colorado to specified waters of the State. Such discharges shall be in accordance with the conditions of this permit. This permit specifically authorizes the facility listed on the certification to discharge in accordance with permit requirements and conditions set forth in Parts I and II hereof. All discharges authorized herein shall be consistent with the terms and conditions of this permit. This permit becomes effective on April 1, 2019, and shall expire at midnight March 31, 2024. Issued and signed this 28th day of January, 2021. W4�,Pa&z�� Meg Parish, Permits Section Manager Water Quality Control Division COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT Permit History Minor Modification Issued January 28, 2021 Effective February 1, 2021 Modification Issued December 31, 2020 Effective February 1, 2021 Originally signed and issued October 31, 2018; effective April 1, 2019 Page 2 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 Table of Contents PARTI ............................................................................................................................................ 3 A. COVERAGE UNDER THIS PERMIT .................................................................................................. 3 1. Authorized Discharges...................................................................................................... 3 2. Limitations on Coverage................................................................................................... 3 3. Permit Certification and Submittal Procedures ....................................................................... 4 B. EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS ............................................................................................................ 8 1. Requirements for Control Measures Used to Meet Effluent Limitations........................................... 8 2. Discharges to an Impaired Waterbody..................................................................................11 3. General Requirements ....................................................................................................12 C. STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN (SWMP) REQUIREMENTS..................... ...12 ........................................ 1. SWMP General Requirements ............................................................................................12 2. SWMP Content..............................................................................................................13 3. SWMP Review and Revisions.............................................................................................. 15 4. SWMP Availability..........................................................................................................16 D. SITE INSPECTIONS..................................................................................................................16 1. Person Responsible for Conducting Inspections ......................................................................16 2. Inspection Frequency......................................................................................................16 3. Inspection Frequency for Discharges to Outstanding Waters.......................................................17 4. Reduced Inspection Frequency..........................................................................................17 5. Inspection Scope ...........................................................................................................17 E. DEFINITIONS.........................................................................................................................19 F. MONITORING ........................................................................................................................22 G. OIL AND GAS CONSTRUCTION....................................................................................................22 PART II: STANDARD PERMIT CONDITIONS..................................................................................................24 A. DUTY TO COMPLY..................................................................................................................24 B. DUTY TO REAPPLY .................................................................................................................24 C. NEED TO HALT OR REDUCE ACTIVITY NOT A DEFENSE.......................................................................24 D. DUTY TO MITIGATE ................................................................................................................24 E. PROPER OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE.......................................................................................24 F. PERMIT ACTIONS....................................................................................................................24 G. PROPERTY RIGHTS.................................................................................................................24 H. DUTY TO PROVIDE INFORMATION ...............................................................................................25 I. INSPECTION AND ENTRY ...........................................................................................................25 J. MONITORING AND RECORDS ......................................................................................................25 K. SIGNATORY REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................................26 1. Authorization to Sign: .....................................................................................................26 2. Electronic Signatures......................................................................................................26 Page 2 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 3. Change in Authorization to Sign.........................................................................................26 L. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................................27 1. Planned Changes...........................................................................................................27 2. Anticipated Non-Compliance.............................................................................................27 3. Transfer of Ownership or Control.......................................................................................27 4. Monitoring reports .........................................................................................................27 5. Compliance Schedules ....................................................................................................27 6. Twenty-four Hour Reporting.............................................................................................28 7. Other Non-Compliance....................................................................................................28 8. Other Information..........................................................................................................28 M. BYPASS...............................................................................................................................28 1. Bypass Not Exceeding Limitations.......................................................................................28 2. Notice of Bypass............................................................................................................28 3. Prohibition of Bypass......................................................................................................28 N. UPSET................................................................................................................................29 1. Effect of an upset..........................................................................................................29 2. Conditions Necessary for Demonstration of an Upset ...............................................................29 3. Burden of Proof ............................................................................................................29 0. RETENTION OF RECORDS .........................................................................................................29 1. Post-Expiration or Termination Retention.............................................................................29 2. On-site Retention ..........................................................................................................29 P. REOPENER CLAUSE.................................................................................................................30 1. Procedures for Modification or Revocation............................................................................30 2. Water Quality Protection.................................................................................................30 Q. SEVERABILITY.......................................................................................................................30 R. NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS...................................................................................................30 1. Notification to Parties ....................................................................................................30 S. RESPONSIBILITIES...................................................................................................................30 1. Reduction, Loss, or Failure of Treatment Facility ...................................................................30 T. OIL AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LIABILITY...................................................................................30 U. EMERGENCY POWERS..............................................................................................................31 V. CONFIDENTIALITY..................................................................................................................31 W. FEES .................................................................................................................................31 X. DURATION OF PERMIT .............................................................................................................31 Y. SECTION 307 TOXICS...............................................................................................................31 Page 3 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 Part I Note: At the first mention of terminology that has a specific connotation for the purposes of this permit, the terminology is electronically linked to the definitions section of the permit in Part I.E. A. COVERAGE UNDER THIS PERMIT 1. Authorized Discharges This general permit authorizes permittee(s) to discharge the following to state waters: stormwater associated with construction activity and specified non-stormwater associated with construction activity. The following types of stormwater and non-stormwater discharges are authorized under this permit: a. Allowable Stormwater Discharges i. Stormwater discharges associated with construction activity. ii. Stormwater discharges associated with producing earthen materials, such as soils, sand, and gravel dedicated to providing material to a single contiguous site, or within '/a mile of a construction site (e.g. borrow or fill areas). iii. Stormwater discharges associated with dedicated asphalt, concrete batch plants and masonry mixing stations (Coverage under this permit is not required if alternative coverage has been obtained.) b. Allowable Non-Stormwater Discharges The following non-stormwater discharges are allowable under this permit if the discharges are identified in the stormwater management plan in accordance with Part I.0 and if they have appropriate control measures in accordance with Part 1.B.1. i. Discharges from uncontaminated springs that do not originate from an area of land disturbance. ii. Discharges to the ground of concrete washout water associated with the washing of concrete tools and concrete mixer chutes. Discharges of concrete washout water must not leave the site as surface runoff or reach receiving waters as defined by this permit. Concrete on-site waste disposal is not authorized by this permit except in accordance with Part 1.B.1.a.ii(b). iii. Discharges of landscape irrigation return flow. iv. Discharges from diversions of state waters within the permitted site. c. Emergency Fire Fighting Discharges resulting from emergency firefighting activities during the active emergency response are authorized by this permit. 2. Limitations on Coverage Discharges not authorized by this permit include, but are not limited to, the discharges and activities listed below. Permittees may seek individual or alternate general permit coverage for the discharges, as appropriate and available. a. Discharges of Non-Stormwater Discharges of non-stormwater, except the authorized non-stormwater discharges listed in Part Page 4 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 I.A.1.b., are not eligible for coverage under this permit. b. Discharges Currently Covered by another Individual or General Permit c. Discharges Currently Covered by a Water Quality Control Division (division) Low Risk Guidance Document 3. Permit Certification and Submittal Procedures a. Duty to Apply The following activities shall apply for coverage under this permit: i. Construction activity that will disturb one acre or more; or ii. Construction activity that is part of a common plan of development or sale; or iii. Stormwater discharges that are designated by the division as needing a stormwater permit because the discharge: Contributes to a violation of a water quality standard; or �1 Is a significant contributor of pollutants to state waters. b. Application Requirements To obtain authorization to discharge under this permit, applicants applying for coverage following the effective date of the renewal permit shall meet the following requirements: i. Owners and operators submitting an application for permit coverage will be co- permittees subject to the same benefits, duties, and obligations under this permit. ii. Signature requirements: Both the owner and operator (permittee) of the construction site, as defined in Part I.E., must agree to the terms and conditions of the permit and submit a completed application that includes the signature of both the owner and the operator. In cases where the duties of the owner and operator are managed by the owner, both application signatures may be completed by the owner. Both the owner and operator are responsible for ensuring compliance with all terms and conditions of the permit, including implementation of thestormwater management plan. iii. The applicant(s) must develop a stormwater management plan (SWMP) in accordance with the requirements of Part I.C. The applicant(s) must also certify that the SWMP is complete, or will be complete, prior to commencement of any construction activity. iv. In order to apply for certification under this general permit, the applicant(s) must submit a complete, accurate, and signed permit application form as provided by the division by electronic delivery at least 10 days prior to the commencement of construction activity, except those construction activities thatare in response to a public emergency related site; public emergency related sites shall apply for coverage no later than 14 days after the commencement of construction activities. The provisions of this part in no way remove a violation of the Colorado Water Quality Control Act if a point source discharge occurs prior to the issuance of a CDPS permit. v. The application in its entirety must be submitted via the division's online permitting system unless a waiver is granted by the division. If a waiver is granted, the application in its entirety, including signatures by both the owner and operator, must be submitted to: Page 5 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment Water Quality Control Division Permits Section, WQCD-PS-132 4300 Cherry Creek Drive South Denver, CO 80246 vi. The applicant(s) must receive written notification that the division granted permit coverage prior to conducting construction activities except for construction activities that are in response to a public emergency related site. c. Division Review of Permit Application Within 10 days of receipt of the application, and following review of the application, the division may: i. Issue a certification of coverage; ii. Request additional information necessary to evaluate the discharge; iii. Delay the authorization to discharge pending further review; iv. Notify the applicant that additional terms and conditions are necessary; or v. Deny the authorization to discharge under this general permit. d. Alternative Permit Coverage i. Division Required Alternative Permit Coverage: The division may require an applicant or permittee to apply for an individual permit or an alternative general permit if it determines the discharge does not fall under the scope of this general permit, including if any additional terms and conditions are necessary in order to ensure that discharges authorized by this permit shall not cause, have the reasonable potential to cause, or measurably contribute to an exceedance of any applicable water quality standard, including narrative standards for water quality. In this case, the division will notify the applicant or permittee that an individual permit application is required. ii. Permittee Request for Alternative Permit Coverage: A permittee authorized to discharge stormwater under this permit may request to be excluded from coverage under this general permit by applying for an individual permit. In this case, the permittee must submit an individual application, with reasons supporting the request, to the division at least 180 days prior to any discharge. When an individual permit is issued, the permittee's authorization to discharge under this permit is terminated on the effective date of the individual permit. e. Submittal Signature Requirements Documents required for submittal to the division in accordance with this permit, including applications for permit coverage and other documents as requested by the division, must include signatures by both the owner and the operator, except for instances where the duties of the owner and operator are managed by the owner. Signatures on all documents submitted to the division as required by this permit must meet the Standard Signatory Requirements in Part ILK of this permit in accordance with 40 C.F.R. 122.41(k). i. Signature Certification Any person(s) signing documents required for submittal to the division must make the following Page 6 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 certification: "I certify under penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations." f. Compliance Document Signature Requirements Documents which are required for compliance with the permit, but for which submittal to the division is not required unless specifically requested by the division, must be signed by the individual(s) designated as the Qualified Stormwater Manager, as defined in Part I.E. i. Any person(s) signing inspection documents required for compliance with the permit per Part I.D.S.c.xiii must make the following statement and provide the date of the statement: "I verify that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, that if any corrective action items were identified during the inspection, those corrective actions are complete, and the site is currently in compliance with the permit." g. Field Wide Permit Coverage for Oil and Gas Construction At the discretion of the division, a single permit certification may be issued to a single oil and gas permittee to cover construction activity related discharges from an oil and gas field at multiple locations that are not necessarily contiguous. h. Permit Coverage without Application Qualifying Local Program: When a small construction site is within the jurisdiction of a qualifying local program, the owner and operator of the construction activity are authorized to discharge stormwater associated with small construction activity under this general permit without the submittal of an application to the division. Sites covered by a qualifying local program are exempt from the following sections of this general permit: Part I.A.3.a.; Part I.A.3.b.; Part I.A.3.c.; Part I.A.3.d.; Part I.A.3.g.; Part I.A.3.i.; Part I.A.3.j.; Part I.A.3.k. Sites covered by a qualifying local program are subject to the following requirements: i. Local Agency Authority: This permit does not pre-empt or supersede the authority of local agencies to prohibit, restrict, or control discharges of stormwater to storm drain systems or other water courses within their jurisdiction. ii. Permit Coverage Termination: When a site under a Qualifying Local Program is finally stabilized, coverage under this permit is automatically terminated. iii. Compliance with Qualifying Local Program: Qualifying Local Program requirements that are equivalent to the requirements of this permit are incorporated by reference. Permittees authorized to discharge under this permit, must comply with the equivalent requirements of the Qualifying Local Program that has jurisdiction over the site as a condition of this permit. iv. Compliance with Remaining Permit Conditions. Requirements of this permit that are in addition to or more stringent than the requirements of the Qualifying Local Program apply in addition to the requirements of the Qualifying Local Program. v. Written Authorization of Coverage: The division or local municipality may require any permittee within the jurisdiction of a Qualifying Local Program covered under this permit to Page 7 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 apply for, and obtain written authorization of coverage under this permit. The permittee must be notified in writing that an application for written authorization of coverage is required. i. Permittee Initiated Permit Actions Permittee initiated permit actions, including but not limited to modifications, contact changes, transfers, and terminations, shall be conducted following Part ILL, division guidance and using appropriate division-provided forms. j. Sale of Residence to Homeowner Residential construction sites only: The permittee may remove residential lots from permit coverage once the lot meets the following criteria: i. The residential lot has been sold to the homeowner(s) for private residential use; ii. A certificate of occupancy, or equivalent, is maintained on-site and is available during division inspections; iii. The lot is less than one acre of disturbance; iv. All construction activity conducted on the lot by the permittee is complete; v. The permittee is not responsible for final stabilization of the lot; and vi. The SWMP was modified to indicate the lot is no longer part of theconstruction activity. If the residential lot meets the criteria listed above then activities occurring on the lot are no longer considered to be construction activities with a duty to apply and maintain permit coverage. Therefore, the permittee is not required to meet the final stabilization requirements and may terminate permit coverage for the lot. k. Permit Expiration and Continuation of Permit Coverage Authorization to discharge under this general permit shall expire at midnight on March 31, 2024. While Regulation 61.4 requires a permittee to submit an application for continuing permit coverage 180 days before the permit expires, the division is requiring that permittees desiring continued coverage under this general permit must reapply at least 90 days in advance of this permit expiration. The division will determine if the permittee may continue to discharge stormwater under the terms of the general permit. An individual permit may be required for any facility not reauthorized to discharge under the reissued general permit. If this permit is not reissued or replaced prior to the expiration date, it will be administratively continued and remain in force and effect. For permittees that have applied for continued permit coverage, discharges authorized under this permit prior to the expiration date will automatically remain covered by this permit until the earliest of: i. An authorization to discharge under a reissued permit, or a replacement of this permit, following the timely and appropriate submittal of a complete application requesting authorization to discharge under the new permit and compliance with the requirements of the new permit; or ii. The issuance and effect of a termination issued by the division; or iii. The issuance or denial of an individual permit for the facility's discharges; or iv. A formal permit decision by the division not to reissue this general permit, at which time the division will identify a reasonable time period for covered dischargers to seek coverage under Page 8 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 an alternative general permit or an individual permit. Coverage under this permit will cease when coverage under another permit is granted/authorized; or v. The division has informed the permittee that discharges previously authorized under this permit are no longer covered under this permit. B. EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS 1. Requirements for Control Measures Used to Meet Effluent Limitations The permittee must implement control measures to minimize the discharge of pollutants from all potential pollutant sources at the site. Control measures must be installed prior to commencement of construction activities. Control measures must be selected, designed, installed and maintained in accordance with good engineering, hydrologic and pollution control practices. Control measures implemented at the site must be designed to prevent pollution or degradation of state waters. a. Stormwater Pollution Prevention The permittee must implement structural and/or nonstructural control measures that effectively minimize erosion, sediment transport, and the release of other pollutants related to construction activity. i. Control Measures for Erosion and Sediment Control Control measures for erosion and sediment control may include, but are not limited to, wattles/sediment control logs, silt fences, earthen dikes, drainage swales, sediment traps, subsurface drains, pipe slope drains, inlet protection, outlet protection, gabions, sediment basins, temporary vegetation, permanent vegetation, mulching, geotextiles, sod stabilization, slope roughening, maintaining existing vegetation, protection of trees, and preservation of mature vegetation. Specific control measures must meet the requirements listed below. Structural and nonstructural vehicle tracking controls shall be implemented to minimize vehicle tracking of sediment from disturbed areas and may include tracking pads, minimizing site access, wash racks, graveled parking areas, maintaining vehicle traffic to paved areas, street sweeping and sediment control measures. Stormwater runoff from all disturbed areas and soil storage areas must utilize or flow to one or more control measures to minimize erosion or sediment in the discharge. The control measure(s) must be selected, designed, installed and adequately sized in accordance with good engineering, hydrologic and pollution control practices for the intended application. The control measure(s) must contain or filter flows in order to prevent the bypass of flows without treatment and must be appropriate for Stormwater runoff from disturbed areas and for the expected flow rate, duration, and flow conditions (e.g. sheet or concentrated flow). Selection of control measures should prioritize the use of structural and nonstructural control measures that minimize the potential for erosion (i.e. covering materials). Selection should also prioritize phasing construction activities to minimize the amount of soil disturbance at any point in time throughout the duration of construction. d) Outlets that withdraw water from or near the surface shall be installed when discharging from basins and impoundments, unless infeasible. ;e) Maintain pre-existing vegetation or equivalent control measures for areas within 50 horizontal feet of receiving waters as defined by this permit, unless infeasible. Page 9 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 (f) Soil compaction must be minimized for areas where infiltration control measures will occur or where final stabilization will be achieved through vegetative cover. ;S) Unless infeasible, topsoil shall be preserved for those areas of a site thatwill utilize vegetative final stabilization. 1 Minimize the amount of soil exposed during construction activity, including the disturbance of steep slopes. ( i Diversion control measures must minimize soil transport and erosion within the entire diversion, minimize erosion during discharge, and minimize run-on into the diversion. The permittee must minimize the discharge of pollutants throughout the installation, implementation and removal of the diversion. Diversions must meet one or more of the following conditions: 1) Lined or piped structures that result in no erosion in all flow conditions. 2 a Diversion channels, berms, and coffer dams must be lined or composed of a material that minimizes potential for soil loss in the entire wetted perimeter during anticipated flow conditions (e.g. vegetated swale, non-erosive soil substrate). The entire length of the diversion channel must be designed with all of the following considerations: maximum flow velocity for the type of material(s) exposed to the anticipated flows to ensure that the calculated maximum shear stress of flows in the channel is not expected to result in physical damage to the channel or liner and result in discharge of pollutants. Additionally, the conditions relied on to minimize soil loss must be maintained for the projected life of the diversion (i.e. a vegetated swale must be limited to a period of time that ensures vegetative growth, minimizes erosion and maintains stable conditions). 3) An alternative diversion criteria, approved by the division prior to implementation. The diversion method must be designed to minimize the discharge of pollutants and to prevent the potential for pollution or degradation to state waters as a result of the diverted flow through the diversion structure. In addition, the alternative diversion method must minimize the discharge of pollutants throughout the installation, implementation and removal of the diversion. ii. Practices for Other Common Pollutants Bulk storage, individual containers of 55 gallons or greater, for petroleum products and other liquid chemicals must have secondary containment, or equivalent protection, in order to contain spills and to prevent spilled material from entering state waters. Control measures designed for concrete washout waste must be implemented. This includes washout waste discharged to the ground as authorized under this permit and washout waste from concrete trucks and masonry operations contained on site. The permittee must ensure the washing activities do not contribute pollutants to stormwater runoff, or receiving waters in accordance Part I.A.1.b.ii. Discharges that may reach groundwater must flow through soil that has buffering capacity prior to reaching groundwater, as necessary to meet the effluent limits in this permit, including Part 1.B.3.a. The concrete washout location must not be located in an area where shallow groundwater may be present and would result in buffering capacity not being adequate, such as near natural drainages, springs, or wetlands. This permit authorizes discharges to the ground of concrete washout waste, but does not authorize on-site waste disposal per Part 1.B.3.d. i In the event that water remains onsite and contains pollutants either from the Page 10 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 firefighting activities or picked up from the site (i.e. in a gutter, sediment basin, etc.) after active emergency response is complete, the permittee must ensure the remaining water containing pollutants is properly removed and disposed of in order to minimize pollutants from discharging from the site, unless infeasible. iii. Stabilization Requirements The following requirements must be implemented for each site. (a) Temporary stabilization must be implemented for earth disturbing activities on any portion of the site where ground disturbing construction activity has permanently ceased, or temporarily ceased for more than 14 calendar days. Temporary stabilization methods may include, but are not limited to, tarps, soil tackifier, and hydroseed. The permittee may exceed the 14-day schedule when either the function of the specific area of the site requires it to remain disturbed or physical characteristics of the terrain and climate prevent stabilization. The SWMP must document the constraints necessitating the alternative schedule, provide the alternate stabilization schedule, and identify all locations where the alternative schedule is applicable on the site map. Minimum inspection frequency and scope, as directed in Part I.D., must be followed for temporarily stabilized areas. (b) Final stabilization must be implemented for all construction sites covered under this permit. Final stabilization is reached when (1), (2), and (3) below are complete: (1) All construction activities are complete. (2) Permanent stabilization methods are complete. Permanent stabilization methods include, but are not limited to, permanent pavement or concrete, hardscape, xeriscape, stabilized driving surfaces, vegetative cover, or equivalent permanent alternative stabilization methods. The division may approve alternative final stabilization criteria for specific operations. Vegetative cover must meet the following criteria: a. Evenly distributed perennial vegetation, and b. Coverage, at a minimum, equal to 70 percent of what would have been provided by native vegetation in a local, undisturbed area or adequate reference site, and 3) The permittee must ensure all temporary control measures are removed from the construction site once final stabilization is achieved, except when the control measure specifications allow the control measure to be left in place (i.e. bio- degradable control measures). (c) Final stabilization must be designed and installed as a permanent feature. Final stabilization measures for obtaining a vegetative cover or alternative stabilization methods include, but are not limited to, the following as appropriate: (1) Seed mix selection and application methods; (2) Soil preparation and amendments; (3) Soil stabilization methods to provide adequate protection to minimize erosion (e.g. crimped straw, hydro mulch or rolled erosion control products); ;4) Appropriate sediment control measures as needed until final stabilization is achieved; Page 11 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 Permanent pavement, hardscape, xeriscape, stabilized driving surfaces; A) Other alternative stabilization practices as applicable. b. Maintenance The permittee must ensure that all control measures remain in effective operating condition and are protected from activities that would reduce their effectiveness. Control measures must be maintained in accordance with good engineering, hydrologic and pollution control practices. Observations leading to the required maintenance of control measures can be made during a site inspection, or during general observations of site conditions. The necessary repairs or modifications to a control measure requiring routine maintenance, as defined in Part I.E., must be conducted to maintain an effective operating condition. This section is not subject to the requirements in Part 1.B.1.c below. c. Corrective Actions The permittee must assess the adequacy of control measures at the site, and the need for changes to those control measures, to ensure continued effective performance. When an inadequate control measure, as defined in Part I.E., is identified (i.e., new or replacement control measures become necessary), the following corrective action requirements apply. The permittee is in noncompliance with the permit until the inadequate control measure is replaced or corrected and returned to effective operating condition in compliance with Part I.B.1 and the general requirements in Part 1.B.3. If the inadequate control measure results in noncompliance that meets the conditions of Part ILL., the permittee must also meet the requirements of that section. i. The permittee must take all necessary steps to minimize or prevent the discharge of pollutants from the permitted area and manage any stormwater run-on onto the site until a control measure is implemented and made operational and/or an inadequate control measure is replaced or corrected and returned to effective operating condition. If it is infeasible to install or repair the control measure immediately after discovering the deficiency, the following must be documented in the SWMP in Part I.D.S.c and kept on record in accordance with the recordkeeping requirements in Part II. (a) Describe why it is infeasible to initiate the installation or repair immediately; and (b) Provide a schedule for installing or repairing the control measure and returning it to an effective operating condition as soon as possible. ii. If applicable, the permittee must remove and properly dispose of any unauthorized release or discharge within and from the permitted area (e.g., discharge of non-stormwater, untreated stormwater containing pollutants, spill, or leak not authorized by this permit.) The permittee must also clean up any contaminated surfaces, if feasible, to minimize discharges of the material in subsequent storm events, including water remaining from the response that contains pollutants after active emergency firefighting response is complete. 2. Discharges to an Impaired Waterbody a. Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) If the discharge from the site of permit coverage flows to or could reasonably be expected to flow to any water body for which a TMDL has been approved, and stormwater discharges associated with construction activity were assigned a pollutant-specific Wasteload Allocation (WLA) under the TMDL, the division may: i. Ensure the WLA is implemented properly through alternative local requirements, such as by a Page 12 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 municipal stormwater permit; or ii. Notify the permittee of the WLA and amend the permittee's certification to add specific effluent limits and other requirements, as appropriate. The permittee may be required to do the following: ;al Under the permittee's SWMP, implement specific control measures based on requirements of the WLA, and evaluate whether the requirements are met through implementation of existing stormwater control measures or if additional control measures are necessary. Document the calculations or other evidence demonstrating that the requirements are expected to be met;and D) If the evaluation shows that additional or modified control measures are necessary, describe the type and schedule for the control measure additions or modifications. iii. Discharge monitoring may also be required. The permittee may maintain coverage under the general permit provided they comply with the applicable requirements outlined above. The division reserves the right to require individual or alternate general permit coverage. 3. General Requirements a. Discharges authorized by this permit shall not cause, have the reasonable potential to cause, or measurably contribute to an exceedance of any applicable water quality standard, including narrative standards for water quality. b. The division may require sampling and testing, on a case-by-case basis, in the event that there is reason to suspect that the SWMP is not adequately minimizing pollutants in stormwater or in order to measure the effectiveness of the control measures in removing pollutants in the effluent. Such monitoring may include Whole Effluent Toxicity testing. c. The permittee must comply with the lawful requirements of federal agencies, municipalities, counties, drainage districts and other local agencies including applicable requirements in Municipal Stormwater Management Programs developed to comply with CDPS permits. The permittee must comply with local stormwater management requirements, policies and guidelines including those for erosion and sediment control. d. All construction site wastes must be properly managed to prevent potential pollution of state waters. This permit does not authorize on-site waste disposal. e. This permit does not relieve the permittee of the reporting requirements in 40 CFR 110, 40 CFR 117 or 40 CFR 302. Any discharge of hazardous material must be handled in accordance with the division's Noncompliance Notification Requirements (see Part ILL of the permit). C. STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN (SWMP) REQUIREMENTS 1. SWMP General Requirements a. A SWMP shall be developed for each construction site listed under Part I.A.3.a, including but not limited to, construction activity that will disturb one acre or more and/or are part of a common plan of development or sale covered by this permit. The SWMP must be prepared in accordance with good engineering, hydrologic and pollution control practices. i. For public emergency related sites, a SWMP shall be created no later than 14 days after the commencement of construction activities. b. The permittee must implement the provisions of the SWMP as written and updated, from commencement of construction activity until final stabilization is complete. The division may review the SWMP. Page 13 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 c. A copy of the SWMP must be retained onsite or be onsite when construction activities are occurring at the site unless the permittee specifies another location and obtains approval from the division. 2. SWMP Content a. The SWMP, at a minimum, must include the following elements. i. Qualified Stormwater Manager. The SWMP must list individual(s) by title and name who are designated as responsible for implementing the SWMP in its entirety and meet the definition of a Qualified Stormwater Manager. This role may be filled by more than one individual. ii. Spill Prevention and Response Plan. The SWMP must have a spill prevention and response plan. The plan may incorporate by reference any part of a Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) plan under section 311 of the Clean Water Act (CWA) or a Spill Prevention Plan required by a separate CDPS permit. The relevant sections of any referenced plans must be available as part of the SWMP consistent with Part I.C.4. iii. Other CDPS Permits. The SWMP must list the applicable CDPS permits associated with the permitted site and the activities occurring on the permitted site (e.g. a CDPS Dewatering Permit). iv. Materials Handling. The SWMP must describe handling procedures of all control measures implemented at the site to minimize impacts from handling significant materials that could contribute pollutants to runoff. These handling procedures can include control measures for pollutants and activities such as, exposed storage of building materials, paints and solvents, landscape materials, fertilizers or chemicals, sanitary waste material, trash and equipment maintenance or fueling procedures. v. Potential Sources of Pollution. The SWMP must list all potential sources of pollution which may reasonably be expected to affect the quality of stormwater discharges associated with construction activity from the site. This may include, but is not limited to, the following pollutant sources: (a) Disturbed and stored soils; (b) Vehicle tracking of sediments; (c) Management of contaminated soils, if known to be present, or if contaminated soils are found during construction; (d) Loading and unloading operations; (e) Outdoor storage activities (erodible building materials, fertilizers, chemicals, etc.); (f) Vehicle and equipment maintenance and fueling; (g) Significant dust or particulate generating processes (e.g., saw cutting material, including dust); (h) Routine maintenance activities involving fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, detergents, fuels, solvents, oils, etc.; (i) On-site waste management practices (waste piles, liquid wastes, dumpsters); (j) Concrete truck/equipment washing, including washing of the concrete truck chute and associated fixtures and equipment; (k) Dedicated asphalt, concrete batch plants and masonry mixing stations; Page 14 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 l) Non-industrial waste sources such as worker trash and portable toilets. vi. Implementation of Control Measures. The SWMP must include design specifications that contain information on the implementation of all the structural and nonstructural control measures in use on the site in accordance with good engineering, hydrologic and pollution control practices; including, as applicable, drawings, dimensions, installation information, materials, implementation processes, control measure-specific inspection expectations, and maintenance requirements. The SWMP must include a documented use agreement between the permittee and the owner or operator of any control measures located outside of the permitted area, that are utilized by the permittee's construction site for compliance with this permit, but not under the direct control of the permittee. The permittee is responsible for ensuring that all control measures located outside of their permitted area, that are being utilized by the permittee's construction site, are properly maintained and in compliance with all terms and conditions of the permit. The SWMP must include all information required of and relevant to any such control measures located outside the permitted area, including location, installation specifications, design specifications and maintenance requirements. vii. Site Description. The SWMP must include a site description which includes, at a minimum, the following: ) The nature of the construction activity at the site; n) The proposed schedule for the sequence for major construction activities and the planned implementation of control measures for each phase. (e.g. clearing, grading, utilities, vertical, etc.); Estimates of the total acreage of the site, and the acreage expected to be disturbed by clearing, excavation, grading, or any other construction activities; ;d) A summary of any existing data and sources used in the development of the construction site plans or SWMP that describe the soil types found in the permitted area and the erodibility of the identified soil types; ;e) A description of the percent cover of native vegetation on the site if the site is undisturbed, or the percent cover of native vegetation in a similar, local undisturbed area or adequate reference area if the site is disturbed. Include the source or methodology for determining the percentage. If a percent cover is not appropriate for the site location (i.e. arid), describe the technique and justification for the identified cover of native vegetation; if) A description of any allowable non-stormwater discharges at the site, including those being discharged under a separate CDPS permit or a division low risk discharge guidance policy, and applicable control measures installed; ;g) A description of the drainage patterns from the site, including a description of the immediate source receiving the discharge and the receiving water(s) of the discharge, if different than the immediate source. If the stormwater discharge is to a municipal separate storm sewer system, include the name of the entity owning that system, the location(s) of the stormwater discharge, and the receiving water(s); A description of all stream crossings located within the construction site boundary; and ) ) A description of the alternate temporary stabilization schedule, if applicable (Part 1.B.1.a.iii(a)). Page 15 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 (3) A description of the alternative diversion criteria as approved by the division, if applicable (Part 1.B.1.a.i(i)(3)). viii. Site Map. The SWMP must include a site map which includes, at a minimum, the following: (a) Construction site boundaries; (b) Flow arrows that depict stormwater flow directions on-site and runoff direction; (c) All areas of ground disturbance including areas of borrow and fill; (d) Areas used for storage of soil; (e) Locations of all waste accumulation areas, including areas for liquid, concrete, masonry, and asphalt; (f) Locations of dedicated asphalt, concrete batch plants and masonry mixing stations; (g) Locations of all structural control measures; (h) Locations of all non-structural control measures (e.g. temporary stabilization); (i) Locations of springs, streams, wetlands, diversions and other state waters, including areas that require pre-existing vegetation be maintained within 50 feet of a receiving water, where determined feasible in accordance with Part 1.13.1.a.i(e); (j) Locations of all stream crossings located within the construction site boundary; and ;k) Locations where alternative temporary stabilization schedules apply. ix. Temporary Stabilization, Final Stabilization and Long Term Stormwater Management. ) The SWMP must document the constraints necessitating an alternative temporary stabilization schedule, as referenced in Part 1.B.1.a.iii(a), provide the alternate stabilization schedule, and identify all locations where the alternative schedule is applicable on the site map. :D) The SWMP must describe and locate the methods used to achieve final stabilization of all disturbed areas at the site, as listed in Part 1.B.1.a.iii(b). The SWMP must describe the measures used to establish final stabilization through vegetative cover or alternative stabilization method, as referenced in Part 1.B.1.a.iii(c), and describe and locate any temporary control measures in place during the process of final stabilization. ;d) The SWMP must describe and locate any planned permanent control measures to control pollutants in stormwater discharges that will occur after construction operations are completed, including but not limited to, detention/retention ponds, rain gardens, stormwater vaults, etc. x. Inspection Reports. The SWMP must include documented inspection reports in accordance with Part I.D.S.c. 3. SWMP Review and Revisions Permittees must keep a record of SWMP changes made that includes the date and identification of the changes. The SWMP must be amended when the following occurs: a. A change in design, construction, operation, or maintenance of the site requiring implementation Page 16 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 of new or revised control measures; b. The SWMP proves ineffective in controlling pollutants in stormwater runoff in compliance with the permit conditions; c. Control measures identified in the SWMP are no longer necessary and are removed; and d. Corrective actions are taken onsite that result in a change to the SWMP. e. The site or areas of the site qualifying for reduced frequency inspections under Part I.D.4. For SWMP revisions made prior to or following a change(s) onsite, including revisions to sections addressing site conditions and control measures, a notation must be included in the SWMP that identifies the date of the site change, the control measure removed, or modified, the location(s) of those control measures, and any changes to the control measure(s). The permittee must ensure the site changes are reflected in the SWMP. The permittee is noncompliant with the permit until the SWMP revisions have been made. SWMP Availability A copy of the SWMP must be provided upon request to the division, EPA, and any local agency with authority for approving sediment and erosion plans, grading plans or stormwater management plans within the time frame specified in the request. If the SWMP is required to be submitted to any of these entities, the submission must include a signed certification in accordance with Part I.A.3.e, certifying that the SWMP is complete and compliant with all terms and conditions of the permit. All SWMPs required under this permit are considered reports that must be available to the public under Section 308(b) of the CWA and Section 61.5(4) of the CDPS regulations. The permittee must make plans available to members of the public upon request. However, the permittee may claim any portion of a SWMP as confidential in accordance with 40 CFR Part 2. D. SITE INSPECTIONS Site inspections must be conducted in accordance with the following requirements. The required inspection schedules are a minimum frequency and do not affect the permittee's responsibility to implement control measures in effective operating condition as prescribed in the SWMP, Part I.C.2.a.vi, as proper maintenance of control measures may require more frequent inspections. Site inspections shall start within 7 calendar days of the commencement of construction activities on site. 1. Person Responsible for Conducting Inspections The person(s) inspecting the site may be on the permittee's staff or a third party hired to conduct stormwater inspections under the direction of the permittee(s). The permittee is responsible for ensuring that the inspector meets the definition of a Qualified Stormwater Manager. The inspector may be different than the individual(s) listed in Part I.C.2.a.i. 2. Inspection Frequency Permittees must conduct site inspections in accordance with on the following minimum frequencies, unless the site meets the requirements of Part I.D.3. All inspections must be recorded per Part I.D.S.c. a. At least one inspection every 7 calendar days; or b. At least one inspection every 14 calendar days, if post-storm event inspections are conducted within 24 hours after the end of any precipitation or snowmelt event that causes surface erosion. Post-storm inspections may be used to fulfill the 14-day routine inspection requirement. c. When site conditions make the schedule required in this section impractical, the permittee may Page 17 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 petition the division to grant an alternate inspection schedule. The alternative inspection schedule must not be implemented prior to written approval by the division and incorporation into the SWMP. 3. Inspection Frequency for Discharges to Outstanding Waters Permittees must conduct site inspections at least once every 7 calendar days for sites that discharge to a water body designated as an Outstanding Water by the Water Quality Control Commission. Reduced Inspection Frequency The permittee may perform site inspections at the following reduced frequencies when one of the following conditions exists: a. Post-Storm Inspections at Temporarily Idle Sites For permittees choosing an inspection frequency pursuant to Part I.D.2.b and if no construction activities will occur following a storm event, post-storm event inspections must be conducted prior to re-commencing construction activities, and no later than 72 hours following the storm event. If the post-storm event inspection qualifies under this section, the inspection delay must be documented in the inspection record per Part I.D.S.c. Routine inspections must still be conducted at least every 14 calendar days. b. Inspections at Completed Sites/Areas When the site, or portions of a site, are awaiting establishment of a vegetative ground cover and final stabilization, the permittee must conduct a thorough inspection of the stormwater management system at least once every 30 days. Post-storm event inspections are not required under this schedule. This reduced inspection schedule is allowed if all of the following criteria are met: i. All construction activities resulting in ground disturbance are complete; ii. All activities required for final stabilization, in accordance with Part 1.B.1.a.iii(b) Ft (c) and with the SWMP, have been completed, with the exception of the application of seed that has not occurred due to seasonal conditions or the necessity for additional seed application to augment previous efforts; and iii. The SWMP has been amended to locate those areas to be inspected in accordance with the reduced schedule allowed for in this paragraph. c. Winter Conditions Inspections Exclusion Inspections are not required for sites that meet all of the following conditions: construction activities are temporarily halted, snow cover exists over the entire site for an extended period, and melting conditions posing a risk of surface erosion do not exist. This inspection exception is applicable only during the period where melting conditions do not exist, and applies to the routine 7-day, 14-day and monthly inspections, as well as the post-storm-event inspections. When this inspection exclusion is implemented, the following information must be documented in accordance with the requirements in Part I.C.3 and Part I.D.S.c: i. Dates when snow cover existed; ii. Date when construction activities ceased; and iii. Date melting conditions began. 5. Inspection Scope Page 18 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 a. Areas to Be Inspected When conducting a site inspection the following areas, if applicable, must be inspected for evidence of, or the potential for, pollutants leaving the construction site boundaries, entering the stormwater drainage system or discharging to state waters: i. Construction site perimeter; ii. All disturbed areas; iii. Locations of installed control measures; iv. Designated haul routes; v. Material and waste storage areas exposed to precipitation; vi. Locations where stormwater has the potential to discharge offsite; and vii. Locations where vehicles exit the site. b. Inspection Requirements i. Visually verify whether all implemented control measures are in effective operational condition and are working as designed in their specifications to minimize pollutant discharges. ii. Determine if there are new potential sources of pollutants. iii. Assess the adequacy of control measures at the site to identify areas requiring new or modified control measures to minimize pollutant discharges. iv. Identify all areas of non-compliance with the permit requirements and, if necessary, implement corrective action(s) in accordance with Part 1.B.1.c. c. Inspection Reports The permittee must keep a record of all inspections conducted for each permitted site. Inspection reports must identify any incidents of noncompliance with the terms and conditions of this permit. All inspection reports must be signed and dated in accordance with Part I.A.3.f. Inspection records must be retained in accordance with Part 11.0. At a minimum, the inspection report must include: i. The inspection date; ii. Name(s) and title(s) of personnel conducting the inspection; iii. Weather conditions at the time of inspection; iv. Phase of construction at the time of inspection; v. Estimated acreage of disturbance at the time of inspection; vi. Location(s) and identification of control measures requiring routine maintenance; vii. Location(s) and identification of discharges of sediment or other pollutants from the site; viii. Location(s) and identification of inadequate control measures; ix. Location(s) and identification of additional control measures needed that were not in place at the time of inspection; Page 19 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 x. Description of corrective action(s) for items vii, viii, ix, above, dates corrective action(s) were completed, including requisite changes to the SWMP, as necessary; xi. Description of the minimum inspection frequency (either in accordance with Part I.D.2, Part I.D.3 or Part I.D.4.) utilized when conducting each inspection. xii. Deviations from the minimum inspection schedule as required in Part I.D.2. This would include documentation of division approval for an alternate inspection schedule outlined in Part I.D.2.c; xiii. After adequate corrective action(s) have been taken, or where a report does not identify any incidents requiring corrective action, the report shall contain a statement as required in Part I.A.3.f. E. DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this permit: (1) Bypass the intentional diversion of waste streams from any portion of a treatment facilityin accordance with 40 CFR 122.41(m)(1)(i) and Regulation 61.2(12). (2) Common Plan of Development or Sale - A contiguous area where multiple separate and distinct construction activities may be taking place at different times on different schedules, but remain related. The division has determined that "contiguous" means construction activities located in close proximity to each other (within '/a mile). Construction activities are considered to be "related" if they share the same development plan, builder or contractor, equipment, storage areas, etc. "Common plan of development or sale" includes construction activities that are associated with the construction of field wide oil and gas permits for facilities that are related. (3) Construction Activity - Ground surface disturbing and associated activities (land disturbance), which include, but are not limited to, clearing, grading, excavation, demolition, installation of new or improved haul roads and access roads, staging areas, stockpiling of fill materials, and borrow areas. Construction does not include routine maintenance to maintain the original line and grade, hydraulic capacity, or original purpose of the facility. Activities to conduct repairs that are not part of routine maintenance or for replacement are construction activities and are not routine maintenance. Repaving activities where underlying and/or surrounding soil is exposed as part of the repaving operation are considered construction activities. Construction activity is from initial ground breaking to final stabilization regardless of ownership of the construction activities. (4) Control Measure - Any best management practice or other method used to prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to state waters. Control measures include, but are not limited to, best management practices. Control measures can include other methods such as the installation, operation, and maintenance of structural controls and treatment devices. (5) Control Measure Requiring Routine Maintenance - Any control measure that is still operating in accordance with its design and the requirements of this permit, but requires maintenance to prevent a breach of the control measure. See also inadequate control measure. (6) Dedicated Asphalt, Concrete Batch Plants and Masonry Mixing Stations - Are batch plants or mixing stations located on, or within '/a mile of, a construction site and that provide materials only to that specific construction site. (7) Diversion - Discharges of state waters that are temporarily routed through channels or structures (e.g. in-stream, uncontaminated springs, non-pumped groundwater, temporary rerouting of surface waters). (s) Final Stabilization - The condition reached when construction activities at the site have been Page 20 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 completed, permanent stabilization methods are complete, and temporary control measures are removed. Areas being stabilized with a vegetative cover must have evenly distributed perennial vegetation. The vegetation coverage must be, at a minimum, equal to 70 percent of what would have been provided by native vegetation in a local, undisturbed area or adequate reference site. (9) Good Engineering, Hydrologic and Pollution Control Practices: are methods, procedures,and practices that: a. Are based on basic scientific fact(s). b. Reflect best industry practices and standards. c. Are appropriate for the conditions and pollutant sources. d. Provide appropriate solutions to meet the associated permit requirements, including practice based effluent limits. (1o) Inadequate Control Measure - Any control measure that is not designed or implemented in accordance with the requirements of the permit and/or any control measure that is not implemented to operate in accordance with its design. See also Control Measure Requiring Routine Maintenance. (11) Infeasible - Not technologically possible, or not economically practicable and achievable in lightof best industry practices. (12) Minimize - reduce or eliminate to the extent achievable using control measures that are technologically available and economically practicable and achievable in light of best industry practice. (13) Municipality - A city, town, county, district, association, or other public body created by, or under, State law and having jurisdiction over disposal of sewage, industrial wastes, or other wastes, or a designated and approved management agency under section 208 of CWA (1987). (14) Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) - A conveyance or system of conveyances(including roads with drainage systems, municipal streets, catch basins, curbs, gutters, ditches, man-made channels, or storm drains): a. Owned or operated by a State, city, town, county, district, association, or other public body (created by or pursuant to State law) having jurisdiction over disposal of sewage, industrial wastes, stormwater, or other wastes, including special districts under State law such as a sewer district, flood control district or drainage district, or similar entity, or a designated and approved management agency under section 208 of the CWA that discharges to state waters; i. Designed or used for collecting or conveying stormwater; ii. Are not a combined sewer; and iii. Are not part of a Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW). See 5 CCR 1002- 61.2(62). (15) Municipal Stormwater Management Program - A stormwater program operated by a municipality, typically to meet the requirements of the municipalities MS4 discharge certification. (16) Operator - The party that has operational control over day-to-day activities at a project sitewhich are necessary to ensure compliance with the permit. This party is authorized to direct individuals at a site to carry out activities required by the permit (i.e. the general contractor). Page 21 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 (17) Outstanding Waters - Waters designated as outstanding waters pursuant to Regulation 31, Section 31.8(2)(a). The highest level of water quality protection applies to certain waters that constitute an outstanding state or national resource. (18) Owner - The party that has overall control of the activities and that has funded the implementation of the construction plans and specifications. This is the party that may have ownership of, a long term lease of, or easements on the property on which the construction activity is occurring (e.g. the developer). (19) Permittee(s) - The owner and operator named in the discharge certification issued underthis permit for the construction site specified in the certification. (20) Point Source - Any discernible, confined, and discrete conveyance, including, but not limited to, any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated animal feeding operation, or vessel or other floating craft, from which pollutants are or may be discharged. Point source does not include irrigation return flow. See 5 CCR 102-61.2(75). (21) Pollutant - Dredged spoil, dirt, slurry, solid waste, incinerator residue, sewage, sewage sludge, garbage, trash, chemical waste, biological nutrient, biological material, radioactive material,heat, wrecked or discarded equipment, rock, sand, or any industrial, municipal or agricultural waste.See 5 CCR 1002-61.2(76). (22) Presentation of credentials - a government issued form of identification, if in person; or (ii) providing name, position and purpose of inspection if request to enter is made via telephone,email or other form of electronic communication. A Permittee's non-response to a request to enter upon presentation of credentials constitutes a denial to such request, and may result in violation of the Permit. (23) Process Water - Any water which, during manufacturing or processing, comes into contact with or results from the production of any raw material, intermediate product, finished product, by product or waste product. (24) Public Emergency Related Site - a project initiated in response to an unanticipated emergency (e.g., mud slides, earthquake, extreme flooding conditions, disruption in essential public services), for which the related work requires immediate authorization to avoid imminent endangerment to human health or the environment, or to reestablish essential public services. (25) Qualified Stormwater Manager - An individual knowledgeable in the principles and practices of erosion and sediment control and pollution prevention, and with the skills to assess conditions at construction sites that could impact stormwater quality and to assess the effectiveness of stormwater controls implemented to meet the requirements of this permit. (26) Qualifying Local Program - A municipal program for stormwater discharges associated with small construction activity that was formally approved by the division as a qualifying local program. (27) Receiving Water - Any classified or unclassified surface water segment (including tributaries) in the State of Colorado into which stormwater associated with construction activities discharges. This definition includes all water courses, even if they are usually dry, such as borrow ditches, arroyos, and other unnamed waterways. (28) Severe Property Damage - substantial physical damage to property, damage to the treatment facilities which causes them to become inoperable, or substantial and permanent loss of natural resources which can reasonably be expected to occur in the absence of a bypass. Severe property damage does not mean economic loss caused by delays in production. See 40 CFR 122.41(m)(1)(ii). (29) Significant Materials - Include, but not limited to, raw materials; fuels; materials such as solvents, detergents, and plastic pellets; finished materials such as metallic products; raw materials used in Page 22 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 food processing or production; hazardous substances designated under section 101(14) of CERCLA; any chemical the permittee is required to report under section 313 of Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA); fertilizers; pesticides; and waste products such as ashes, slag and sludge that have the potential to be released with stormwater discharges. (30) Small Construction Activity - The discharge of stormwater from construction activities that result in land disturbance of equal to, or greater than, one acre and less than five acres. Small construction activity also includes the disturbance of less than one acre of total land area that is part of a larger common plan of development or sale, if the larger common plan ultimately disturbs equal to, or greater than, one acre and less than five acres. (31) Spill - An unintentional release of solid or liquid material which may pollute state waters. (32) State Waters - means any and all surface and subsurface waters which are contained in or flow in or through this state, but does not include waters in sewage systems, waters in treatment works of disposal systems, waters in potable water distribution systems, and all water withdrawn for use until use and treatment have been completed. (33) Steep Slopes: where a local government, or industry technical manual (e.g. stormwater BMP manual) has defined what is to be considered a "steep slope", this permit's definition automatically adopts that definition. Where no such definition exists, steep slopes are automatically defined as those that are 3:1 or greater. (34) Stormwater - Precipitation runoff, snow melt runoff, and surface runoff and drainage. See 5 CCR 1002-61.2(103). (35) Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) -The sum of the individual wasteload allocations (WLA) for point sources and load allocations (LA) for nonpoint sources and natural background. For the purposes of this permit, a TMDL is a calculation of the maximum amount of a pollutant that a waterbody can receive and still meet water quality standards, and an allocation of that amount to the pollutant's sources. A TMDL includes WLAs, LAs, and must include a margin of safety (MOS),and account for seasonal variations. See section 303(d) of the CWA and 40 C.F.R. 130.2 and 130.7. (36) Upset - an exceptional incident in which there is unintentional and temporary noncompliance with permit effluent limitations because of factors beyond the reasonable control of the permittee. An upset does not include noncompliance to the extent caused by operational error, improperly designed treatment facilities, inadequate treatment facilities, lack of preventative maintenance, or careless or improper operation in accordance with 40 CFR 122.41(n) and Regulation 61.2(114). F. MONITORING The division may require sampling and testing, on a case-by-case basis. If the division requires sampling and testing, the division will send a notification to the permittee. Reporting procedures for any monitoring data collected will be included in the notification. If monitoring is required, the following applies: 1. The thirty (30) day average must be determined by the arithmetic mean of allsamples collected during a thirty (30) consecutive-day period; and 2. A grab sample, for monitoring requirements, is a single "dip and take" sample. G. OIL AND GAS CONSTRUCTION Stormwater discharges associated with construction activities directly related to oil and gas exploration, production, processing, and treatment operations or transmission facilities are regulated under the Colorado Discharge Permit System Regulations (5 CCR 1002-61), and require coverage under this permit in accordance with that regulation. However, references in this permit to specific authority under the CWA do not apply to Page 23 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 stormwater discharges associated with these oil and gas related construction activities, to the extent that the references are limited by the federal Energy Policy Act of 2005. Page 24 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 Part II: Standard Permit Conditions A. DUTY TO COMPLY The permittee must comply with all conditions of this permit. Any permit noncompliance constitutes a violation of the Water Quality Control Act and is grounds for: 1. Enforcement action; 2. Permit termination, revocation and reissuance, or modification; or 3. Denial of a permit renewal application. B. DUTY TO REAPPLY If the permittee wishes to continue an activity regulated by this permit after the expiration date of this permit, the permittee must apply for and obtain authorization as required by Part I.A.3.k. of the permit. C. NEED TO HALT OR REDUCE ACTIVITY NOT A DEFENSE It shall not be a defense for a permittee in an enforcement action that it would have been necessary to halt or reduce the permitted activity in order to maintain compliance with the conditions of this permit. D. DUTY TO MITIGATE A permittee must take all reasonable steps to minimize or prevent any discharge in violation of this permit which has a reasonable likelihood of adversely affecting human health or the environment. E. PROPER OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE A permittee must at all times properly operate and maintain all facilities and systems of treatment and control (and related appurtenances) that are installed or used by the permittee to achieve compliance with the conditions of this permit. Proper operation and maintenance also includes adequate laboratory controls and appropriate quality assurance procedures. This provision requires the operation of backup or auxiliary facilities or similar systems which are installed by the permittee only when the operation is necessary to achieve compliance with the conditions of this permit. This requirement can be met by meeting the requirements for Part I.B., I.C., and I.D. above. See also 40 C.F.R. § 122.41(e). F. PERMIT ACTIONS This permit may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated for cause. The permittee request for a permit modification, revocation and reissuance, or termination, or a notification of planned changes or anticipated noncompliance does not stay any permit condition. Any request for modification, revocation, reissuance, or termination under this permit must comply with all terms and conditions of Regulation 61.8(8). G. PROPERTY RIGHTS In accordance with 40 CFR 122.41(g) and 5 CCR 1002-61, 61.8(9): 1. The issuance of a permit does not convey any property or water rights in either real or personal property, or stream flows or any exclusive privilege. 2. The issuance of a permit does not authorize any injury to person or property or any invasion of personal rights, nor does it authorize the infringement of federal, state, or local laws or regulations. 3. Except for any toxic effluent standard or prohibition imposed under Section 307 of the Federal act or any standard for sewage sludge use or disposal under Section 405(d) of the Federal act, compliance with a permit during its term constitutes compliance, for purposes of enforcement, with Sections 301, Page 25 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 302, 306, 318, 403, and 405(a) and (b) of the Federal act. However, a permit may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated during its term for cause as set forth in Section 61.8(8) of the Colorado Discharge Permit System Regulations. H. DUTY TO PROVIDE INFORMATION The permittee shall furnish to the division, within a reasonable time, any information which the division may request to determine whether cause exists for modifying, revoking and reissuing, or terminating this permit, or to determine compliance with this permit. The permittee shall also furnish to the division, upon request, copies of records required to be kept by this permit in accordance with 40 CFR 122.41(h) and/or Regulation 61.8(3)(q). I. INSPECTION AND ENTRY The permittee shall allow the division and the authorized representative, upon the presentation of credentials as required by law, to allow for inspections to be conducted in accordance with 40 CFR 122.41(i), Regulation 61.8(3), and Regulation 61.8(4): 1. To enter upon the permittee's premises where a regulated facility or activity is located or in which any records are required to be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit; 2. At reasonable times to have access to and copy any records required to be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit; 3. At reasonable times, inspect any monitoring equipment or monitoring method required in the permit; and 4. To enter upon the permittee's premises in a reasonable manner and at a reasonable time to inspect or investigate, any actual, suspected, or potential source of water pollution,or any violation of the Colorado Water Quality Control Act. The investigation may include: sampling of any discharges, stormwater or process water, taking of photographs, interviewing site staff on alleged violations and other matters related to the permit, and assessing any and all facilities or areas within the site that may affect discharges, the permit, or an alleged violation. The permittee shall provide access to the division or other authorized representatives upon presentation of proper credentials. A permittee's non-response to a request to enter upon presentation of credentials constitutes a denial of such request, and may result in a violation of the permit. J. MONITORING AND RECORDS 1. Samples and measurements taken for the purpose of monitoring must be representative of the volume and nature of the monitored activity. 2. The permittee must retain records of all monitoring information, including all calibration and maintenance records and all original strip chart recordings for continuous monitoring instrumentation, copies of all reports required by this permit, and records of all data used to complete the application for this permit, for a period of at least three years from the date the permit expires or the date the permittee's authorization is terminated. This period may be extended by request of the division at any time. 3. Records of monitoring information must include: a. The date, exact place, and time of sampling or measurements; b. The individual(s) who performed the sampling or measurements; c. The date(s) analyses were performed Page 26 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 d. The individuals) who performed the analyses; e. The analytical techniques or methods used; and f. The results of such analyses. 4. Monitoring must be conducted according to test procedures approved under 40 CFR Part 136, unless other test procedures have been specified in the permit. K. SIGNATORY REQUIREMENTS 1. Authorization to Sign: All documents required to be submitted to the division by the permit must be signed in accordance with the following criteria: a. For a corporation: by a responsible corporate officer. For the purpose of this subsection, a responsible corporate officer means: i. A president, secretary, treasurer, or vice president of the corporation in charge of a principal business function, or any other person who performs similar policy- or decision-making functions for the corporation, or ii. The manager of one or more manufacturing, production, or operating facilities, provided, the manager is authorized to make management decisions which govern the operation of the regulated facility including having the explicit or implicit duty of making major capital investment recommendations, and initiating and directing other comprehensive measures to assure long term environmental compliance with environmental laws and regulations; the manager can ensure that the necessary systems are established or actions taken to gather complete and accurate information for permit application requirements; and where authority to sign documents has been assigned or delegated to the manager in accordance with corporate procedures. b. For a partnership or sole proprietorship: by a general partner or the proprietor, respectively; or c. For a municipality, state, federal, or other public agency: By either a principal executive officer or ranking elected official. For purposes of this subsection, a principal executive officer of a federal agency includes i. The chief executive officer of the agency, or ii. A senior executive officer having responsibility for the overall operations of a principal geographic unit of the agency. (e.g. Regional Administrator of EPA) 2. Electronic Signatures For persons signing applications for coverage under this permit electronically, in addition to meeting other applicable requirements stated above, such signatures must meet the same signature, authentication, and identity-proofing standards set forth at 40 CFR§ 3.2000(b) for electronic reports (including robust second-factor authentication). Compliance with this requirement can be achieved by submitting the application using the Colorado Environmental Online Service (CEOS) system. 3. Change in Authorization to Sign If an authorization is no longer accurate because a different individual or position has responsibility for the overall operation of the facility, a new authorization must be submitted to the division, prior to the re-authorization, or together with any reports, information, or applications to be signed by an authorized representative. Page 27 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 L. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS t. Planned Changes The permittee shall give advance notice to the division, in writing, of any planned physical alterations or additions to the permitted facility in accordance with 40 CFR 122.41(1) and Regulation 61.8(5)(a). Notice is required only when: a. The alteration or addition to a permitted facility may meet one of the criteria for determining whether a facility is a new source in 40 CFR 122.29(b); or b. The alteration or addition could significantly change the nature or increase the quantity of pollutants discharged. This notification applies to pollutants which are subject neither to effluent Limitations in the permit, nor to notification requirements under 40 CFR 122.41(a)(1). 2. Anticipated Non-Compliance The permittee shall give advance notice to the division, in writing, of any planned changes in the permitted facility or activity that may result in noncompliance with permit requirements. The timing of notification requirements differs based on the type of non-compliance as described in subparagraphs 5, 6, 7, and 8 below. 3. Transfer of Ownership or Control The permittee shall notify the division, in writing, ten (10) calendar days in advance of a proposed transfer of the permit. This permit is not transferable to any person except after notice is given to the division. a. Where a facility wants to change the name of the permittee, the original permittee (the first owner or operators) must submit a Notice of Termination. b. The new owner or operator must submit an application. See also signature requirements in Part II.K, above. c. A permit may be automatically transferred to a new permittee if: i. The current permittee notifies the division in writing 30 calendar days in advance of the proposed transfer date; and ii. The notice includes a written agreement between the existing and new permittee(s) containing a specific date for transfer of permit responsibility, coverage and liability between them; and iii. The division does not notify the existing permittee and the proposed new permittee of its intent to modify, or revoke and reissue the permit. iv. Fee requirements of the Colorado Discharge Permit System Regulations,Section 61.15, have been met. Monitoring reports Monitoring results must be reported at the intervals specified in this permit per the requirements of 40 CFR 122.41(l)(4). 5. Compliance Schedules Reports of compliance or noncompliance with, or any progress reports on, interim and final requirements contained in any compliance schedule in the permit, shall be submitted on the date listed Page 28 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 in the compliance schedule section. The fourteen (14) calendar day provision in Regulation 61.8(4)(n)(i) has been incorporated into the due date. 5. Twenty-four Hour Reporting In addition to the reports required elsewhere in this permit, the permittee shall report the following circumstances orally within twenty-four (24) hours from the time the permittee becomes aware of the circumstances, and shall mail to the division a written report containing the information requested within five (5) working days after becoming aware of the following circumstances: a. Circumstances leading to any noncompliance which may endanger health or the environment regardless of the cause of the incident; b. Circumstances leading to any unanticipated bypass which exceeds any effluent limitations in the permit; c. Circumstances leading to any upset which causes an exceedance of any effluent limitation in the permit; d. Daily maximum violations for any of the pollutants limited by Part I of this permit. This includes any toxic pollutant or hazardous substance or any pollutant specifically identified as the method to control any toxic pollutant or hazardous substance. e. The division may waive the written report required under subparagraph 6 of this section if the oral report has been received within 24 hours. 1. Other Non-Compliance A permittee must report all instances of noncompliance at the time monitoring reports are due. If no monitoring reports are required, these reports are due at least annually in accordance with Regulation 61.8(4)(p). The annual report must contain all instances of non-compliance required under either subparagraph 5 or subparagraph 6 of this subsection. S. Other Information Where a permittee becomes aware that it failed to submit any relevant facts in a permit application, or submitted incorrect information in a permit application, or in any report to the Permitting Authority, it has a duty to promptly submit such facts or information. M. BYPASS 1. Bypass Not Exceeding Limitations The permittees may allow any bypass to occur which does not cause effluent limitations to be exceeded, but only if it also is for essential maintenance to assure efficient operation. These bypasses are not subject to the provisions of Part II.M.2 of this permit. See 40 CFR 122.41(m)(2). 2. Notice of Bypass a. Anticipated bypass. If the permittee knows in advance of the need for a bypass, the permittee must submit prior notice, if possible at least ten days before the date of the bypass. ee 40 CFR 5122.41(m)(3)(i) and/or Regulation 61.9(5)(c). b. Unanticipated bypass. The permittee must submit notice of an unanticipated bypass in accordance with Part II.L.6. See 40 CFR 5122.41(m)(3)(ii). 3. Prohibition of Bypass Page 29 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 Bypasses are prohibited and the division may take enforcement action against the permittee for bypass, unless: a. The bypass is unavoidable to prevent loss of life, personal injury, or severe property damage; b. There were no feasible alternatives to the bypass, such as the use of auxiliary treatment facilities, retention of untreated wastes, or maintenance during normal periods of equipment downtime. This condition is not satisfied if adequate backup equipment should have been installed in the exercise of reasonable engineering judgment to prevent a bypass which occurred during normal periods of equipment downtime or preventive maintenance; and c. Proper notices were submitted to the division. N. UPSET 1. Effect of an upset An upset constitutes an affirmative defense to an action brought for noncompliance with permit effluent limitations if the requirements of Part II.N.2. of this permit are met. No determination made during administrative review of claims that noncompliance was caused by upset, and before an action for noncompliance, is final administrative action subject to judicial review in accordance with Regulation 61.8(3)(j). 2. Conditions Necessary for Demonstration of an Upset A permittee who wishes to establish the affirmative defense of upset shall demonstrate through properly signed contemporaneous operating logs, or other relevant evidence that: a. An upset occurred and the permittee can identify the specific cause(s) of the upset; b. The permitted facility was at the time being properly operated and maintained; and c. The permittee submitted proper notice of the upset as required in Part II.L.6.(24- hour notice); and d. The permittee complied with any remedial measure necessary to minimize or prevent any discharge or sludge use or disposal in violation of this permit which has a reasonable likelihood of adversely affecting human health or the environment. In addition to the demonstration required above, a permittee who wishes to establish the affirmative defense of upset for a violation of effluent limitations based upon water quality standards shall also demonstrate through monitoring, modeling or other methods that the relevant standards were achieved in the receiving water. 3. Burden of Proof In any enforcement proceeding, the permittee seeking to establish the occurrence of an upset has the burden of proof. 0. RETENTION OF RECORDS 1. Post-Expiration or Termination Retention Copies of documentation required by this permit, including records of all data used to complete the application for permit coverage to be covered by this permit, must be retained for at least three years from the date that permit coverage expires or is terminated. This period may be extended by request of EPA at any time. 2. On-site Retention The permittee must retain an electronic version or hardcopy of the SWMP at the construction site from Page 30 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 the date of the initiation of construction activities to the date of expiration or inactivation of permit coverage; unless another location, specified by the permittee, is approved by the division. P. REOPENER CLAUSE 1. Procedures for Modification or Revocation Permit modification or revocation of this permit or coverage under this permit will be conducted according to Regulation 61.8(8). 2. Water Quality Protection If there is evidence indicating that the stormwater discharges authorized by this permit cause, have the reasonable potential to cause or contribute to an excursion above any applicable water quality standard, the permittee may be required to obtain an individual permit, or the permit may be modified to include different limitations and/or requirements. Q. SEVERABILITY The provisions of this permit are severable. If any provisions or the application of any provision of this permit to any circumstances, is held invalid, the application of such provision to other circumstances and the application of the remainder of this permit shall not be affected. R. NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS 1. Notification to Parties All notification requirements, excluding information submitted using the CEOS portal, shall be directed as follows: a. Oral Notifications, during normal business hours shall be to: Clean Water Compliance Section Water Quality Control Division Telephone: (303) 692-3500 b. Written notification shall be to: Clean Water Compliance Section Water Quality Control Division Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment WQCD-WQP-B2 4300 Cherry Creek Drive South Denver, CO 80246-1530 S. RESPONSIBILITIES 1. Reduction, Loss, or Failure of Treatment Facility The permittee has the duty to halt or reduce any activity if necessary to maintain compliance with the effluent limitations of the permit. It shall not be a defense for a permittee in an enforcement action that it would be necessary to halt or reduce the permitted activity in order to maintain compliance with the conditions of this permit. T. OIL AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LIABILITY Nothing in this permit shall be construed to preclude the institution of any legal action or relieve the permittee from any responsibilities, liabilities, or penalties to which the permittee is or may be subject to under Section 311 (Oil and Hazardous Substance Liability)of the CWA. Page 31 of 32 Permit No. COR400000 U. EMERGENCY POWERS Nothing in this permit shall be construed to prevent or limit application of any emergency power of the division. V. CONFIDENTIALITY Any information relating to any secret process, method of manufacture or production, or sales or marketing data which has been declared confidential by the permittee, and which may be acquired, ascertained, or discovered, whether in any sampling investigation, emergency investigation, or otherwise, shall not be publicly disclosed by any member, officer, or employee of the Water Quality Control Commission or the division, but shall be kept confidential. Any person seeking to invoke the protection of this section shall bear the burden of proving its applicability. This section shall never be interpreted as preventing full disclosure of effluent data. W. FEES The permittee is required to submit payment of an annual fee as set forth in the 2016 amendments to the Water Quality Control Act. Section 25-8-502 (1.1) (b), and the Colorado Discharge Permit System Regulations 5 CCR 1002-61, Section 61.15 as amended. Failure to submit the required fee when due and payable is a violation of the permit and will result in enforcement action pursuant to Section 25-8-601 et. seq., C.R.S.1973 as amended. X. DURATION OF PERMIT The duration of a permit shall be for a fixed term and shall not exceed five (5) years. If the permittee desires to continue to discharge, a permit renewal application shall be submitted at least ninety (90) calendar days before this permit expires. Filing of a timely and complete application shall cause the expired permit to continue in force to the effective date of the new permit. The permit's duration may be extended only through administrative extensions and not through interim modifications. If the permittee anticipates there will be no discharge after the expiration date of this permit, the division should be promptly notified so that itcan terminate the permit in accordance with Part I.A.3.i. Y. SECTION 307 TOXICS If a toxic effluent standard or prohibition, including any applicable schedule of compliance specified, is established by regulation pursuant to Section 307 of the Federal Act for a toxic pollutant which is present in the permittee's discharge and such standard or prohibition is more stringent than any limitation upon such pollutant in the discharge permit, the division shall institute proceedings to modify or revoke and reissue the permit to conform to the toxic effluent standard or prohibition APPENDIX B CDHPE Construction Activity Permit Application STATE OF COLORADO For Agency Use Only �O<O Permit Number Assigned OF Dedicated to protecting and improving the health and environment of the people of Colorado Ne :c' 0'1 COR03- 4300 Cherry Creek Dr.S. * " *' Denver,Colorado 80246-1530 * Date Received Phone(303)692-2000 *'$'6* Month Day Year TDD Line(303)691-7700 Colorado Department Located in Glendale,Colorado of Public Health http://www.cdphe.state.co.us and Environment COLORADO DISCHARGE PERMIT SYSTEM (CDPS) STORMWATER DISCHARGE ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES APPLICATION PHOTO COPIES, FAXED COPIES, PDF COPIES OR EMAILS WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED. Please print or type. Original signatures are required. All items must be completed accurately and in their entirety for the application to be deemed complete. Incomplete applications will not be processed until all information is received which will ultimately delay the issuance of a permit. If more space is required to answer any question, please attach additional sheets to the application form. Applications must be submitted by mail or hand delivered to: Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment Water Quality Control Division 4300 Cherry Creek Drive South WQCD-P-B2 Denver, Colorado 80246-1530 Any additional information that you would like the Division to consider in developing the permit should be provided with the application. Examples include effluent data and/or modeling and planned pollutant removal strategies. PERMIT INFORMATION Reason for Application: ❑ NEW CERT ❑ RENEW CERT EXISTING CERT# Applicant is: ❑ Property Owner ❑ Contractor/Operator A. CONTACT INFORMATION - NOT ALL CONTACT TYPES MAY APPLY * indicates required *PERMITTEE (If more than one please add additional pages) *ORGANIZATION FORMAL NAME: 1) *PERMITTEE the person authorized to sign and certify the permit application. This person receives all permit correspondences and is legally responsible for compliance with the permit. Responsible Position(Title): Currently Held By(Person): Telephone No: email address Organization: Mailing Address: City: State: Zip: This form must be signed by the Permittee (listed in item 1)to be considered complete. Per Regulation 61 In all cases,it shall be signed as follows: a) In the case of corporations,by a responsible corporate officer. For the purposes of this section,the responsible corporate officer is responsible for the overall operation of the facility from which the discharge described in the application originates. b) In the case of a partnership,by a general partner. c) In the case of a sole proprietorship,by the proprietor. d) In the case of a municipal,state,or other public facility,by either a principal executive officer or ranking elected official page 1 of 5 revised April 2011 2) DMR COGNIZANT OFFICIAL(i.e.authorized agent)the person or position authorized to sign and certify reports required by the Division including Discharge Monitoring Reports*DMR's,Annual Reports,Compliance Schedule submittals, and other information requested by the Division. The Division will transmit pre-printed reports(ie. DMR's)to this person. If more than one,please add additional pages. Same As 1) Permittee ❑ Responsible Position(Title): Currently Held By(Person): Telephone No: email address Organization: Mailing Address: City: State: Zip: Per Regulation 61:All reports required by permits,and other information requested by the Division shall be signed by the permittee or by a duly authorized representative of that person.A person is a duly authorized representative only if: (i) The authorization is made in writing by the permittee (ii) The authorization specifies either an individual or a position having responsibility for the overall operation of the regulated facility or activity such as the position of plant manager,operator of a well or a well field,superintendent, position of equivalent responsibility,or an individual or position having overall responsibility for environmental matters for the company.(A duly authorized representative may thus be either a named individual or any individual occupying a named position);and (iii) The written authorization is submitted to the Division 3) *SITE CONTACT local contact for questions relating to the facility&discharge authorized by this permit for the facility. ❑ Same As 1) Permittee Responsible Position(Title): Currently Held By(Person): Telephone No: email address Organization: Mailing Address: City: State: Zip: 4) * BILLING CONTACT if different than the permittee Responsible Position(Title): Currently Held By(Person): Telephone No: email address Organization: Mailing Address: City: State: Zip: Page 2 of 5 revised April 2011 5) OTHER CONTACT TYPES(check below) Add pages if necessary: ResponsiblePosition(Title): Currently Held By(Person): Telephone No: email address Organization: Mailing Address: City: State: Zip: o Pretreatment ❑ Inspection Facility Contact F] Stormwater MS4 Responsible Coordinator ❑ Consultant Person o Environmental Contact ❑ Compliance Contact Stormwater Authorized o Biosolids Responsible Representative Party -1 Other o Property Owner B. Permitted Project/Facility Information Project/Facility Name Street Address or cross streets (e.g.,"S.of Park St.between 5 th Ave.and 10th Ave.",or"W.side of C.R.21,3.25 miles N.of Hwy 10"; A street name without an address, intersection,mile marker,or other identifying information describing the location of the project is not adequate. For linear projects, the route of the project should be described as best as possible with the location more accurately indicated by a map.) City, Zip Code County Facility Latitude/Longitude—(approximate center of site to nearest 15 seconds using one of following formats 001A Latitude Longitude (e.g., 39.703°, 104.933") degrees(to 3 decimal places) degrees(to 3 decimal places) or 001A Latitude 0Longitude " (e.g., 39'46'11"N, 104'53'11"W) degrees minutes seconds degrees minutes seconds For the approximate center point of the property,to the nearest 15 seconds. The latitude and longitude must be provided as either degrees,minutes,and seconds,or in decimal degrees with three decimal places. This information may be obtained from a variety of sources,including: o Surveyors or engineers for the project should have,or be able to calculate,this information. o EPA maintains a web-based siting tool as part of their Toxic Release Inventory program that uses interactive maps and aerial photography to help users get latitude and longitude.The siting tool can be accessed at www.epa.gov/tri/report/siting_tool/index.htm o U.S.Geological Survey topographical map(s),available at area map stores. o Using a Global Positioning System(GPS)unit to obtain a direct reading. Note:the latitude/longitude required above is not the directional degrees,minutes,and seconds provided on a site legal description to define property boundaries. C. MAP (Attachment) If no map is submitted, the permit will not be issued. Map:Attach a map that indicates the site location and that CLEARLY shows the boundaries of the area that will be disturbed. Maps must be no larger than 11x17 inches. D. LEGAL DESCRIPTION Legal description:If subdivided,provide the legal description below,or indicate that it is not applicable(do not supply Township/Range/Section or metes and bounds description of site) Subdivision(s): Lot(s): Block(s): OR Not applicable (site has not been subdivided) a e 3 of 5 revised A ril 2011 p g p E. AREA OF CONSTRUCTION SITE Total area of project site(acres): Area of project site to undergo disturbance(acres): Note: aside from clearing,grading and excavation activities,disturbed areas also include areas receiving overburden(e.g.,stockpiles),demolition areas,and areas with heavy equipment/vehicle traffic and storage that disturb existing vegetative cover Total disturbed area of Larger Common Plan of Development or Sale, if applicable: (i.e.,total,including all phases,filings, lots,and infrastructure not covered by this application) Provide both the total area of the construction site,and the area that will undergo disturbance,in acres. Note: aside from clearing,grading and excavation activities,disturbed areas also include areas receiving overburden(e.g., stockpiles),demolition areas,and areas with heavy equipment/vehicle traffic and storage that disturb existing vegetative cover(see construction activity description under the APPLICABILITY section on page 1). If the project is part of a larger common plan of development or sale(see the definition under the APPLICABILITY section on page 1),the disturbed area of the total plan must also be included. F. NATURE OF CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY Check the appropriate box(s)or provide a brief description that indicates the general nature of the construction activities. (The full description of activities must be included in the Stormwater Management Plan.) Single Family Residential Development Multi-Family Residential Development Commercial Development Oil and Gas Production and/or Exploration(including pad sites and associated infrastructure) Highway/Road Development(not including roadways associated with commercial or residential development) Other—Description: G. ANTICIPATED CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE Construction Start Date: Final Stabilization Date: •Construction Start Date-This is the day you expect to begin ground disturbing activities,including grubbing,stockpiling,excavating, demolition,and grading activities. •Final Stabilization Date-in terms of permit coverage,this is when the site is finally stabilized. This means that all ground surface disturbing activities at the site have been completed,and all disturbed areas have been either built on,paved,or a uniform vegetative cover has been established with an individual plant density of at least 70 percent of pre-disturbance levels.Permit coverage must be maintained until the site is finally stabilized.Even if you are only doing one part of the project,the estimated final stabilization date must be for the overall project. If permit coverage is still required once your part is completed,the permit certification may be transferred or reassigned to a new responsible entity(s). H. RECEIVING WATERS (If discharge is to a ditch or storm sewer,include the name of the ultimate receiving waters) Immediate Receiving Water(s): Ultimate Receiving Water(s): Identify the receiving water of the stormwater from your site. Receiving waters are any waters of the State of Colorado. This includes all water courses,even if they are usually dry. If stormwater from the construction site enters a ditch or storm sewer system,identify that system and indicate the ultimate receiving water for the ditch or storm sewer. Note:a stormwater discharge permit does not allow a discharge into a ditch or storm sewer system without the approval of the owner/operator of that system. page 4 of 5 revised April 2011 I. REQUIRED SIGNATURES(Both parts i. and ii. must be signed) Signature of Applicant: The applicant must be either the owner and/or operator of the construction site.Refer to Part B of the instructions for additional information. The application must be signed by the applicant to be considered complete. In all cases,it shall be signed as follows: (Regulation 61.4(lei) a) In the case of corporations,by the responsible corporate officer is responsible for the overall operation of the facility from which the discharge described in the form originates b) In the case of a partnership,by a general partner. c) In the case of a sole proprietorship,by the proprietor. d) In the case of a municipal,state,or other public facility,by either a principal executive officer,ranking elected official, (a principal executive officer has responsibility for the overall operation of the facility from which the discharge originates). STOP!: A Stormwater Management Plan must be completed prior to signing the following certifications! i. STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN CERTIFICATION "I certify under penalty of law that a complete Stormwater Management Plan,has been prepared for my activity.Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system,or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information,the Stormwater Management Plan is,to the best of my knowledge and belief,true,accurate,and complete.I am aware that there are significant penalties for falsely certifying the completion of said SWMP, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations." XX Signature of Legally Responsible Person or Authorized Agent(submission must include original signature) Date Signed Name(printed) Title ii. SIGNATURE OF PERMIT LEGAL CONTACT "I certify under penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate the information submitted.Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system,or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information,the information submitted is to the best of my knowledge and belief,true,accurate and complete.I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information,including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations." "I understand that submittal of this application is for coverage under the State of Colorado General Permit for Stormwater Discharges Associated with Construction Activity for the entirety of the construction site/project described and applied for,until such time as the application is amended or the certification is transferred,inactivated,or expired." XX Signature of Legally Responsible Person(submission must include original signature) Date Signed Name(printed Title DO NOT INCLUDE A COPY OF THE STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN DO NOT INCLUDE PAYMENT—AN INVOICE WILL BE SENT AFTER THE CERTIFICATION IS ISSUED. page 5 of 5 revised April 2011 APPENDIX C Urban Drainage and Flood Control District BMPs Surface Roughening (SR) EC-I Description Surface roughening is an erosion control A practice that involves tracking, scarifying, imprinting,or tilling a disturbed area to provide temporary _ - stabilization of disturbed areas. Surface roughening creates variations in the soil surface that help to minimize wind and water erosion. Depending on the technique used, surface roughening may also help establish conditions favorable to establishment of vegetation. F Appropriate Uses Surface roughening can be used to Photograph SR-1. Surface roughening via imprinting for temporary provide temporary stabilization of stabilization. disturbed areas, such as when revegetation cannot be immediately established due to seasonal planting limitations. Surface roughening is not a stand-alone BMP,and should be used in conjunction with other erosion and sediment controls. Surface roughening is often implemented in conjunction with grading and is typically performed using heavy construction equipment to track the surface. Be aware that tracking with heavy equipment will also compact soils,which is not desirable in areas that will be revegetated. Scarifying,tilling, or ripping are better surface roughening techniques in locations where revegetation is planned. Roughening is not effective in very sandy soils and cannot be effectively performed in rocky soil. Design and Installation Typical design details for surfacing roughening on steep and mild slopes are provided in Details SR-1 and SR-2,respectively. Surface roughening should be performed either after final grading or to temporarily stabilize an area during active construction that may be inactive for a short time period. Surface roughening should create depressions 2 to 6 inches deep and approximately 6 inches apart. The surface of exposed soil can be roughened by a number of techniques and equipment. Horizontal grooves(running parallel to the contours of the land) can be made using tracks from equipment treads, stair-step grading,ripping, or tilling. Fill slopes can be constructed with a roughened surface. Cut slopes that have been smooth graded can be roughened as a subsequent operation. Roughening should follow along the contours of the slope. The tracks left by truck mounted equipment working perpendicular to the contour can leave acceptable horizontal depressions; Surface Roughening however,the equipment will also compact the soil. Functions Erosion Control Yes Sediment Control No Site/Material Management No November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SR-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 EC-1 Surface Roughening (SR) Maintenance and Removal Care should be taken not to drive vehicles or equipment over areas that have been surface roughened. Tire tracks will smooth the roughened surface and may cause runoff to collect into rills and gullies. Because surface roughening is only a temporary control, additional treatments may be necessary to maintain the soil surface in a roughened condition. Areas should be inspected for signs of erosion. Surface roughening is a temporary measure, and will not provide long-term erosion control. SR-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Surface Roughening (SR) EC-1 SR TRACKING OR IMPRINTING 1� 6" MAX FURROWS 2" TO 4" DEEP 2" TO WITH 6" MAXIMUM SPACING 4" DEEP PARALLEL TO CONTOURS SR- 1 . SURFACE ROUGHENING FOR STEEP SLOPES (3:1 OR STEEPER) SCARIFYING OR TILLING / / ROUGHENED ROWS SHALL BE 4" TO 6" 4" TO 6" DEEP WITH 6" MAXIMUM SPACING PARALLEL DEEP TO CONTOURS SR-2. SURFACE ROUGHENING FOR LOW SLOPES (LESS THAN 3:1) November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SR-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 EC-1 Surface Roughening (SR) SURFACE ROUGHENING INSTALLATION NOTES 1. SEE PLAN VIEW FOR: —LOCATION(S) OF SURFACE ROUGHENING. 2. SURFACE ROUGHENING SHALL BE PROVIDED PROMPTLY AFTER COMPLETION OF FINISHED GRADING (FOR AREAS NOT RECEIVING TOPSOIL) OR PRIOR TO TOPSOIL PLACEMENT OR ANY FORECASTED RAIN EVENT. 3. AREAS WHERE BUILDING FOUNDATIONS, PAVEMENT, OR SOD WILL BE PLACED WITHOUT DELAY IN THE CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE, SURFACE ROUGHENING IS NOT REQUIRED. 4. DISTURBED SURFACES SHALL BE ROUGHENED USING RIPPING OR TILLING EQUIPMENT ON THE CONTOUR OR TRACKING UP AND DOWN A SLOPE USING EQUIPMENT TREADS. 5. A FARMING DISK SHALL NOT BE USED FOR SURFACE ROUGHENING. SURFACE ROUGHENING MAINTENANCE NOTES 1. INSPECT BMPs EACH WORKDAY, AND MAINTAIN THEM IN EFFECTIVE OPERATING CONDITION. MAINTENANCE OF BMPs SHOULD BE PROACTIVE, NOT REACTIVE. INSPECT BMPs AS SOON AS POSSIBLE (AND ALWAYS WITHIN 24 HOURS) FOLLOWING A STORM THAT CAUSES SURFACE EROSION, AND PERFORM NECESSARY MAINTENANCE. 2. FREQUENT OBSERVATIONS AND MAINTENANCE ARE NECESSARY TO MAINTAIN BMPs IN EFFECTIVE OPERATING CONDITION. INSPECTIONS AND CORRECTIVE MEASURES SHOULD BE DOCUMENTED THOROUGHLY. 3. WHERE BMPs HAVE FAILED, REPAIR OR REPLACE UPON DISCOVERY OF THE FAILURE. 4. VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT SHALL NOT BE DRIVEN OVER AREAS THAT HAVE BEEN SURFACE ROUGHENED. 5. IN NON—TURF GRASS FINISHED AREAS, SEEDING AND MULCHING SHALL TAKE PLACE DIRECTLY OVER SURFACE ROUGHENED AREAS WITHOUT FIRST SMOOTHING OUT THE SURFACE. 6. IN AREAS NOT SEEDED AND MULCHED AFTER SURFACE ROUGHENING, SURFACES SHALL BE RE—ROUGHENED AS NECESSARY TO MAINTAIN GROOVE DEPTH AND SMOOTH OVER RILL EROSION. (DETAILS ADAPTED FROM TOWN OF PARKER, COLORADO, NOT AVAILABLE IN ALITOCAO) NOTE: MANY JURISDICTIONS HAVE BMP DETAILS THAT VARY FROM UDFCD STANDARD DETAILS. CONSULT WITH LOCAL JURISDICTIONS AS TO WHICH DETAIL SHOULD BE USED WHEN DIFFERENCES ARE NOTED. SR-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Temporary and Permanent Seeding (TS/PS) EC-2 Description Temporary seeding can be used to stabilize disturbed areas that will be inactive for an extended period. Permanent seeding should be used to stabilize areas at final grade that will not be otherwise stabilized. Effective seeding includes preparation of a seedbed, selection of an appropriate seed mixture, proper planting techniques, and protection of the seeded area with mulch, geotextiles, or other appropriate measures. Appropriate Uses When the soil surface is disturbed and Photograph TS/PS-1. Equipment used to drill seed. Photo courtesy of will remain inactive for an extended Douglas County. period(typically 30 days or longer), proactive stabilization measures should be implemented. If the inactive period is short-lived(on the order of two weeks),techniques such as surface roughening may be appropriate. For longer periods of inactivity,temporary seeding and mulching can provide effective erosion control. Permanent seeding should be used on finished areas that have not been otherwise stabilized. Typically,local governments have their own seed mixes and timelines for seeding. Check jurisdictional requirements for seeding and temporary stabilization. Design and Installation Effective seeding requires proper seedbed preparation,selection of an appropriate seed mixture,use of appropriate seeding equipment to ensure proper coverage and density, and protection with mulch or fabric until plants are established. The USDCM Volume 2 Revegetation Chapter contains detailed seed mix, soil preparations, and seeding and mulching recommendations that may be referenced to supplement this Fact Sheet. Drill seeding is the preferred seeding method. Hydroseeding is not recommended except in areas where steep slopes prevent use of drill seeding equipment,and even in these instances it is preferable to hand seed and mulch. Some jurisdictions do not allow hydroseeding or hydromulching. Seedbed Preparation Prior to seeding, ensure that areas to be revegetated have soil conditions capable of supporting vegetation. Overlot Temporary and Permanent Seeding grading can result in loss of topsoil,resulting in poor quality subsoils at the ground surface that have low nutrient value, Functions little organic matter content, few soil microorganisms, Erosion Control Yes rooting restrictions, and conditions less conducive to Sediment Control No infiltration of precipitation. As a result, it is typically Site/Material Management No necessary to provide stockpiled topsoil, compost, or other June 2012 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District TS/PS-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 EC-2 Temporary and Permanent Seeding (TS/PS) soil amendments and rototill them into the soil to a depth of 6 inches or more. Topsoil should be salvaged during grading operations for use and spread on areas to be revegetated later. Topsoil should be viewed as an important resource to be utilized for vegetation establishment, due to its water-holding capacity, structure,texture, organic matter content,biological activity, and nutrient content. The rooting depth of most native grasses in the semi-arid Denver metropolitan area is 6 to 18 inches. At a minimum,the upper 6 inches of topsoil should be stripped, stockpiled, and ultimately respread across areas that will be revegetated. Where topsoil is not available, subsoils should be amended to provide an appropriate plant-growth medium. Organic matter, such as well digested compost,can be added to improve soil characteristics conducive to plant growth. Other treatments can be used to adjust soil pH conditions when needed. Soil testing,which is typically inexpensive, should be completed to determine and optimize the types and amounts of amendments that are required. If the disturbed ground surface is compacted,rip or rototill the surface prior to placing topsoil. If adding compost to the existing soil surface,rototilling is necessary. Surface roughening will assist in placement of a stable topsoil layer on steeper slopes,and allow infiltration and root penetration to greater depth. Prior to seeding,the soil surface should be rough and the seedbed should be firm,but neither too loose nor compacted. The upper layer of soil should be in a condition suitable for seeding at the proper depth and conducive to plant growth. Seed-to-soil contact is the key to good germination. Seed Mix for Temporary Vegetation To provide temporary vegetative cover on disturbed areas which will not be paved,built upon, or fully landscaped or worked for an extended period(typically 30 days or more),plant an annual grass appropriate for the time of planting and mulch the planted areas. Annual grasses suitable for the Denver metropolitan area are listed in Table TS/PS-l. These are to be considered only as general recommendations when specific design guidance for a particular site is not available. Local governments typically specify seed mixes appropriate for their jurisdiction. Seed Mix for Permanent Revegetation To provide vegetative cover on disturbed areas that have reached final grade,a perennial grass mix should be established. Permanent seeding should be performed promptly(typically within 14 days) after reaching final grade. Each site will have different characteristics and a landscape professional or the local jurisdiction should be contacted to determine the most suitable seed mix for a specific site. In lieu of a specific recommendation, one of the perennial grass mixes appropriate for site conditions and growth season listed in Table TS/PS-2 can be used. The pure live seed(PLS)rates of application recommended in these tables are considered to be absolute minimum rates for seed applied using proper drill-seeding equipment. If desired for wildlife habitat or landscape diversity, shrubs such as rubber rabbitbrush(Chrysothamnus nauseosus), fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens)and skunkbrush sumac (Rhus trilobata) could be added to the upland seedmixes at 0.25, 0.5 and 1 pound PLS/acre,respectively. In riparian zones, planting root stock of such species as American plum(Prunus americana),woods rose(Rosa woodsii), plains cottonwood(Populus sargenth), and willow(Populus spp.)may be considered. On non-topsoiled upland sites, a legume such as Ladak alfalfa at 1 pound PLS/acre can be included as a source of nitrogen for perennial grasses. TS/PS-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District June 2012 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Temporary and Permanent Seeding (TS/PS) EC-2 Seeding dates for the highest success probability of perennial species along the Front Range are generally in the spring from April through early May and in the fall after the first of September until the ground freezes. If the area is irrigated, seeding may occur in summer months, as well. See Table TS/PS-3 for appropriate seeding dates. Table TS/PS-1. Minimum Drill Seeding Rates for Various Temporary Annual Grasses Pounds of Planting Species' Growth Pure Live Seed Depth (Common name) Season (PLS)/acre (inches) 1. Oats Cool 35 - 50 1 -2 2. Spring wheat Cool 25 -35 1 -2 3. Spring barley Cool 25 -35 1 -2 4. Annual ryegrass Cool 10- 15 '/2 5. Millet Warm 3 - 15 '/2-3/4 6. Sudangrass Warm 5-10 '/2-3/4 7. Sorghum Warm 5-10 '/2 -3/4 8. Winter wheat Cool 20-35 1 -2 9. Winter barley Cool 20-35 1 -2 10. Winter rye Cool 20-35 1 -2 11. Triticale Cool 25-40 1 -2 a Successful seeding of annual grass resulting in adequate plant growth will usually produce enough dead-plant residue to provide protection from wind and water erosion for an additional year. This assumes that the cover is not disturbed or mowed closer than 8 inches. Hydraulic seeding may be substituted for drilling only where slopes are steeper than 3:1 or where access limitations exist. When hydraulic seeding is used, hydraulic mulching should be applied as a separate operation,when practical,to prevent the seeds from being encapsulated in the mulch. See Table TS/PS-3 for seeding dates. Irrigation, if consistently applied, may extend the use of cool season species during the summer months. Seeding rates should be doubled if seed is broadcast,or increased by 50 percent if done using a Brillion Drill or by hydraulic seeding. June 2012 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District TS/PS-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 EC-2 Temporary and Permanent Seeding (TS/PS) Table TS/PS-2. Minimum Drill Seeding Rates for Perennial Grasses Commona Botanical Growth Growth Seeds/ Pounds of Name Name Season Form Pound PLS/acre Alakali Soil Seed Mix Alkali sacaton Sporobolus airoides Cool Bunch 1,750,000 0.25 Basin wildrye Elymus cinereus Cool Bunch 165,000 2.5 Sodar streambank wheatgrass Agropyron riparium 'Sodar' Cool Sod 170,000 2.5 Jose tall wheatgrass Agropyron elongatum 'Jose' Cool Bunch 79,000 7.0 Arriba western wheatgrass Agropyron smithii'Arriba' Cool Sod 110,000 5.5 Total 17.75 Fertile Loamy Soil Seed Mix Ephriam crested wheatgrass Agropyron cristatum Cool Sod 175,000 2.0 Ephriam' Dural hard fescue Festuca ovina 'duriuscula' Cool Bunch 565,000 1.0 Lincoln smooth brome Bromus inermis leyss Cool Sod 130,000 3.0 Lincoln' Sodar streambank wheatgrass Agropyron riparium'Sodar' Cool Sod 170,000 2.5 Arriba western wheatgrass Agropyron smithii'Arriba' Cool Sod 110,000 7.0 Total 15.5 High Water Table Soil Seed Mix Meadow foxtail Alopecurus pratensis Cool Sod 900,000 0.5 Redtop Agrostis alba Warm Open sod 5,000,000 0.25 Reed canarygrass Phalaris arundinacea Cool Sod 68,000 0.5 Lincoln smooth brome Bromus inermis leyss Cool Sod 130,000 3.0 Lincoln' Pathfinder switchgrass Panicum virgatum Warm Sod 389,000 1.0 Pathfinder' Alkar tall wheatgrass Agropyron elongatum Cool Bunch 79,000 5.5 Alkar' Total 10.75 Transition Turf Seed Mix` Ruebens Canadian bluegrass Poa compressa 'Ruebens' Cool Sod 2,500,000 0.5 Dural hard fescue Festuca ovina 'duriuscula' Cool Bunch 565,000 1.0 Citation perennial ryegrass Lolium perenne'Citation' Cool Sod 247,000 3.0 Lincoln smooth brome Bromus inermis leyss Cool Sod 130,000 3.0 Lincoln' Total 7.5 TS/PS-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District June 2012 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Temporary and Permanent Seeding (TS/PS) EC-2 Table TS/PS-2. Minimum Drill Seeding Rates for Perennial Grasses (cont.) Common Botanical Growth Growth Seeds/ Pounds of Name Name Season Form Pound PLS/acre Sandy Soil Seed Mix Blue grama Bouteloua gracilis Warm Sod-forming 825,000 0.5 bunchgrass Camper little bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium Warm Bunch 240,000 1.0 'Camper' Prairie sandreed Calamovilfa longifolia Warm Open sod 274,000 1.0 Sand dropseed Sporobolus cryptandrus Cool Bunch 5,298,000 0.25 Vaughn sideoats grama Bouteloua curtipendula Warm Sod 191,000 2.0 'Vaughn' Arriba western wheatgrass Agropyron smithii'Arriba' Cool Sod 110,000 5.5 Total 10.25 Heavy Clay,Rocky Foothill Seed Mix Ephriam crested wheatgrass Agropyron cristatumEphriam' Cool Sod 175,000 1.5 Oahe Intermediate wheatgrass Agropyron intermedium Cool Sod 115,000 5.5 'Oahe' Vaughn sideoats grama' Bouteloua curtipendula Warm Sod 191,000 2.0 'Vaughn' Lincoln smooth brome Bromus inermis leyss Cool Sod 130,000 3.0 'Lincoln' Arriba western wheatgrass Agropyron smithii'Arriba' Cool Sod 110,000 5.5 Total 17.5 a All of the above seeding mixes and rates are based on drill seeding followed by crimped straw mulch. These rates should be doubled if seed is broadcast and should be increased by 50 percent if the seeding is done using a Brillion Drill or is applied through hydraulic seeding. Hydraulic seeding may be substituted for drilling only where slopes are steeper than 3:1. If hydraulic seeding is used,hydraulic mulching should be done as a separate operation. b See Table TS/PS-3 for seeding dates. If site is to be irrigated,the transition turf seed rates should be doubled. d Crested wheatgrass should not be used on slopes steeper than 6H to IV. Can substitute 0.5 lbs PLS of blue grama for the 2.0 lbs PLS of Vaughn sideoats grama. June 2012 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District TS/PS-5 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 EC-2 Temporary and Permanent Seeding (TS/PS) Table TS/PS-3. Seeding Dates for Annual and Perennial Grasses Annual Grasses Perennial Grasses (Numbers in table reference species in Table TS/PS-1) Seeding Dates Warm Cool Warm Cool January 1—March 15 ✓ ✓ March 16—April 30 4 1,2,3 ✓ ✓ May 1—May 15 4 ✓ May 16—June 30 4,5,6,7 July 1—July 15 5,6,7 July 16—August 31 September 1—September 30 8,9,10,11 October 1—December 31 ✓ Mulch Cover seeded areas with mulch or an appropriate rolled erosion control product to promote establishment of vegetation. Anchor mulch by crimping,netting or use of a non-toxic tackifier. See the Mulching BMP Fact Sheet for additional guidance. Maintenance and Removal Monitor and observe seeded areas to identify areas of poor growth or areas that fail to germinate. Reseed and mulch these areas, as needed. An area that has been permanently seeded should have a good stand of vegetation within one growing season if irrigated and within three growing seasons without irrigation in Colorado. Reseed portions of the site that fail to germinate or remain bare after the first growing season. Seeded areas may require irrigation,particularly during extended dry periods. Targeted weed control may also be necessary. Protect seeded areas from construction equipment and vehicle access. TS/PS-6 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District June 2012 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Soil Binders (SB) EC-3 Description Soil binders include a broad range of treatments that can be applied to exposed soils for temporary stabilization to reduce _ wind and water erosion. Soil binders may - ' be applied alone or as tackifiers in conjunction with mulching and seeding applications. Acknowledgement: This BMP Fact Sheet - has been adapted from the 2003 California Stormwater Quality Association (CASQA)Stormwater BMP Handbook: Construction (www.cabmphandbooks.com). Photograph SB-1. Tackifier being applied to provide temporary soil Appropriate Uses stabilization. Photo courtesy of Douglas County. Soil binders can be used for short-term,temporary stabilization of soils on both mild and steep slopes. Soil binders are often used in areas where work has temporarily stopped,but is expected to resume before revegetation can become established. Binders are also useful on stockpiled soils or where temporary or permanent seeding has occurred. Prior to selecting a soil binder, check with the state and local jurisdiction to ensure that the chemicals used in the soil binders are allowed. The water quality impacts of some types of soil binders are relatively unknown and may not be allowed due to concerns about potential environmental impacts. Soil binders must be environmentally benign(non-toxic to plant and animal life), easy to apply,easy to maintain, economical, and should not stain paved or painted surfaces. Soil binders should not be used in vehicle or pedestrian high traffic areas, due to loss in effectiveness under these conditions. Site soil type will dictate appropriate soil binders to be used. Be aware that soil binders may not function effectively on silt or clay soils or highly compacted areas. Check manufacturer's recommendations for appropriateness with regard to soil conditions. Some binders may not be suitable for areas with existing vegetation. Design and Installation Properties of common soil binders used for erosion control are provided in Table SB-I. Design and installation Soil Binders guidance below are provided for general reference. Follow the manufacturer's instructions for application rates and Functions procedures. Erosion Control Yes Sediment Control No Site/Material Management Moderate November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SB-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 EC-3 Soil Binders (SB) Table SB-I. Properties of Soil Binders for Erosion Control(Source: CASQA 2003) Binder Type Evaluation Criteria Plant Material Plant Material Polymeric Cementitious- Based Based Emulsion Blends Based Binders (short lived) (long lived) Resistance to Leaching High High Low to Moderate Moderate Resistance to Abrasion Moderate Low Moderate to High Moderate to High Longevity Short to Medium Medium Medium to Long Medium Minimum Curing Time 9 to 18 hours 19 to 24 hours 0 to 24 hours 4 to 8 hours before Rain Compatibility with Good Poor Poor Poor Existing Vegetation Photodegradable/ Photodegradable/ Mode of Degradation Biodegradable Biodegradable Chemically Chemically Degradable Degradable Specialized Application Water Truck or Water Truck or Water Truck or Water Truck or Equipment Hydraulic Hydraulic Hydraulic Mulcher Hydraulic Mulcher Mulcher Mulcher Liquid/Powder Powder Liquid Liquid/Powder Powder Yes,but Ye Yes,but dissolves on Surface Crusting dissolves on rewetting Yes rewetting Clean Up Water Water Water Water Erosion Control Varies Varies Varies 4,000 to 12,000 Application Rate lbs/acre Typ. SB-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Soil Binders (SB) EC-3 Factors to consider when selecting a soil binder generally include: ■ Suitability to situation: Consider where the soil binder will be applied,if it needs a high resistance to leaching or abrasion, and whether it needs to be compatible with existing vegetation. Determine the length of time soil stabilization will be needed, and if the soil binder will be placed in an area where it will degrade rapidly. In general, slope steepness is not a discriminating factor. ■ Soil types and surface materials: Fines and moisture content are key properties of surface materials. Consider a soil binder's ability to penetrate,likelihood of leaching, and ability to form a surface crust on the surface materials. ■ Frequency of application: The frequency of application can be affected by subgrade conditions, surface type, climate, and maintenance schedule. Frequent applications could lead to high costs. Application frequency may be minimized if the soil binder has good penetration,low evaporation, and good longevity. Consider also that frequent application will require frequent equipment clean up. An overview of major categories of soil binders, corresponding to the types included in Table S13-1 follows. Plant-Material Based (Short Lived)Binders ■ Guar: A non-toxic,biodegradable,natural galactomannan-based hydrocolloid treated with dispersant agents for easy field mixing. It should be mixed with water at the rate of 11 to 15 lbs per 1,000 gallons. Recommended minimum application rates are provided in Table S13-2. Table SB-2. Application Rates for Guar Soil Stabilizer Slo a(H:V) Flat 4:1 3:1 2:1 1:1 Application Rate(lb/acre) 40 45 50 60 70 ■ Psyllium: Composed of the finely ground muciloid coating of plantago seeds that is applied as a wet slurry to the surface of the soil. It dries to form a firm but rewettable membrane that binds soil particles together but permits germination and growth of seed. Psyllium requires 12 to 18 hours drying time. Application rates should be from 80 to 200 lbs/acre,with enough water in solution to allow for a uniform slurry flow. ■ Starch: Non-ionic,cold-water soluble(pre-gelatinized)granular cornstarch. The material is mixed with water and applied at the rate of 150 lb/acre. Approximate drying time is 9 to 12 hours. Plant-Material Based (Long Lived) Binders ■ Pitch and Rosin Emulsion: Generally, a non-ionic pitch and rosin emulsion has a minimum solids content of 48 percent. The rosin should be a minimum of 26 percent of the total solids content. The soil stabilizer should be a non-corrosive,water dilutable emulsion that upon application cures to a water insoluble binding and cementing agent. For soil erosion control applications,the emulsion is diluted and should be applied as follows: o For clayey soil: 5 parts water to I part emulsion November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District S13-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 EC-3 Soil Binders (SB) o For sandy soil: 10 parts water to 1 part emulsion Application can be by water truck or hydraulic seeder with the emulsion and product mixture applied at the rate specified by the manufacturer. Polymeric Emulsion Blend Binders ■ Acrylic Copolymers and Polymers: Polymeric soil stabilizers should consist of a liquid or solid polymer or copolymer with an acrylic base that contains a minimum of 55 percent solids. The polymeric compound should be handled and mixed in a manner that will not cause foaming or should contain an anti-foaming agent. The polymeric emulsion should not exceed its shelf life or expiration date; manufacturers should provide the expiration date. Polymeric soil stabilizer should be readily miscible in water,non-injurious to seed or animal life,non-flammable, should provide surface soil stabilization for various soil types without inhibiting water infiltration, and should not re-emulsify when cured. The applied compound should air cure within a maximum of 36 to 48 hours. Liquid copolymer should be diluted at a rate of 10 parts water to 1 part polymer and the mixture applied to soil at a rate of 1,175 gallons/acre. ■ Liquid Polymers of Methacrylates and Acrylates: This material consists of a tackifier/sealer that is aliquid polymer of methacrylates and acrylates. It is an aqueous 100 percent acrylic emulsion blend of 40 percent solids by volume that is free from styrene, acetate,vinyl, ethoxylated surfactants or silicates. For soil stabilization applications,it is diluted with water in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations,and applied with a hydraulic seeder at the rate of 20 gallons/acre. Drying time is 12 to 18 hours after application. ■ Copolymers of Sodium Acrylates and Acrylamides: These materials are non-toxic,dry powders that are copolymers of sodium acrylate and acrylamide. They are mixed with water and applied to the soil surface for erosion control at rates that are determined by slope gradient, as summarized in Table SB-3. Table SB-3. Application Rates for Copolymers of Sodium Acrylates and Acrylamides Slope H: Flat to 5:1 5:1 to 3:1 2:2 to 1:1 Application Rate lb/acre 3.0-5.0 5.0-10.0 10.0-20.0 ■ Polyacrylamide and Copolymer of Acrylamide: Linear copolymer polyacrylamide is packaged as a dry flowable solid. When used as a stand-alone stabilizer, it is diluted at a rate of 11 lb/1,000 gal. of water and applied at the rate of 5.0 lb/acre. ■ Hydrocolloid Polymers: Hydrocolloid Polymers are various combinations of dry flowable polyacrylamides,copolymers, and hydrocolloid polymers that are mixed with water and applied to the soil surface at rates of 55 to 60 lb/acre. Drying times are 0 to 4 hours. Cementitious-Based Binders ■ Gypsum: This formulated gypsum based product readily mixes with water and mulch to form a thin protective crust on the soil surface. It is composed of high purity gypsum that is ground, calcined and processed into calcium sulfate hemihydrate with a minimum purity of 86 percent. It is mixed in a hydraulic seeder and applied at rates 4,000 to 12,000 lb/acre. Drying time is 4 to 8 hours. S13-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Soil Binders (SB) EC-3 Installation After selecting an appropriate soil binder,the untreated soil surface must be prepared before applying the soil binder. The untreated soil surface must contain sufficient moisture to assist the agent in achieving uniform distribution. In general,the following steps should be followed: ■ Follow manufacturer's written recommendations for application rates,pre-wetting of application area, and cleaning of equipment after use. ■ Prior to application,roughen embankment and fill areas. ■ Consider the drying time for the selected soil binder and apply with sufficient time before anticipated rainfall. Soil binders should not be applied during or immediately before rainfall. ■ Avoid over spray onto roads, sidewalks, drainage channels,sound walls, existing vegetation, etc. ■ Soil binders should not be applied to frozen soil,areas with standing water,under freezing or rainy conditions, or when the temperature is below 40°F during the curing period. ■ More than one treatment is often necessary, although the second treatment may be diluted or have a lower application rate. ■ Generally, soil binders require a minimum curing time of 24 hours before they are fully effective. Refer to manufacturer's instructions for specific cure time. ■ For liquid agents: o Crown or slope ground to avoid ponding. o Uniformly pre-wet ground at 0.03 to 0.3 ga11yd2 or according to manufacturer's recommendations. o Apply solution under pressure. Overlap solution 6 to 12 in. o Allow treated area to cure for the time recommended by the manufacturer,typically at least 24 hours. o Apply second treatment before first treatment becomes ineffective,using 50 percent application rate. o In low humidity,reactivate chemicals by re-wetting with water at 0.1 to 0.2 gal/ydz. Maintenance and Removal Soil binders tend to break down due to natural weathering. Weathering rates depend on a variety of site- specific and product characteristics. Consult the manufacturer for recommended reapplication rates and reapply the selected soil binder as needed to maintain effectiveness. Soil binders can fail after heavy rainfall events and may require reapplication. In particular, soil binders will generally experience spot failures during heavy rainfall events. If runoff penetrates the soil at the top of a slope treated with a soil binder,it is likely that the runoff will undercut the stabilized soil layer and discharge at a point further down slope. November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District S13-5 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 EC-3 Soil Binders (SB) Areas where erosion is evident should be repaired and soil binder or other stabilization reapplied, as needed. Care should be exercised to minimise the damage to protected areas while making repairs. Most binders biodegrade after exposure to sun, oxidation,heat and biological organisms;therefore, removal of the soil binder is not typically required. SB-6 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Wind Erosion/Dust Control (DC) EC-14 Description Wind erosion and dust control BMPs help to keep soil particles from entering tocola the air as a result of land disturbing construction activities. These BMPs - include a variety of practices generally T - focused on either graded disturbed areas or construction roadways. For graded areas,practices such as seeding and mulching,use of soil binders, site - watering, or other practices that provide prompt surface cover should be used. For construction roadways,road watering and stabilized surfaces should be considered. Photograph DC-1. Water truck used for dust suppression. Photo courtesy of Douglas County. Appropriate Uses Dust control measures should be used on any site where dust poses a problem to air quality. Dust control is important to control for the health of construction workers and surrounding waterbodies. Design and Installation The following construction BMPs can be used for dust control: ■ An irrigation/sprinkler system can be used to wet the top layer of disturbed soil to help keep dry soil particles from becoming airborne. ■ Seeding and mulching can be used to stabilize disturbed surfaces and reduce dust emissions. ■ Protecting existing vegetation can help to slow wind velocities across the ground surface,thereby limiting the likelihood of soil particles to become airborne. ■ Spray-on soil binders form a bond between soil particles keeping them grounded. Chemical treatments may require additional permitting requirements. Potential impacts to surrounding waterways and habitat must be considered prior to use. ■ Placing rock on construction roadways and entrances will help keep dust to a minimum across the construction site. ■ Wind fences can be installed on site to reduce wind speeds. Install fences perpendicular to the prevailing Wind Erosion Control/ wind direction for maximum effectiveness. Dust Control Functions Maintenance and Removal Erosion Control Yes When using an irrigation/sprinkler control system to aid in Sediment Control No dust control,be careful not to overwater. Overwatering will Site/Material Management Moderate cause construction vehicles to track mud off-site. November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District DC-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Stockpile Management (SP) MM-2 Description Stockpile management includes measures to minimise erosion and sediment transport from soil stockpiles. Appropriate Uses _ - .� Stockpile management should be used RR-� when soils or other erodible materials are stored at the construction site. Special attention should be given to stockpiles in close proximity to natural or manmade storm systems. Photograph SP-1. A topsoil stockpile that has been partially Design and Installation revegetated and is protected by silt fence perimeter control. Locate stockpiles away from all drainage system components including storm sewer inlets. Where practical,choose stockpile locations that that will remain undisturbed for the longest period of time as the phases of construction progress. Place sediment control BMPs around the perimeter of the stockpile, such as sediment control logs,rock socks, silt fence, straw bales and sand bags. See Detail SP-1 for guidance on proper establishment of perimeter controls around a stockpile. For stockpiles in active use,provide a stabilized designated access point on the upgradient side of the stockpile. Stabilize the stockpile surface with surface roughening,temporary seeding and mulching, erosion control blankets,or soil binders. Soils stockpiled for an extended period(typically for more than 60 days)should be seeded and mulched with a temporary grass cover once the stockpile is placed(typically within 14 days). Use of mulch only or a soil binder is acceptable if the stockpile will be in place for a more limited time period(typically 30-60 days). Timeframes for stabilization of stockpiles noted in this fact sheet are "typical" guidelines. Check permit requirements for specific federal, state,and/or local requirements that may be more prescriptive. Stockpiles should not be placed in streets or paved areas unless no other practical alternative exists. See the Stabilized Staging Area Fact Sheet for guidance when staging in roadways is unavoidable due to space or right-of-way constraints. For paved areas,rock socks must be used for perimeter control and all inlets with the potential to receive sediment from the stockpile(even from vehicle tracking)must be protected. Maintenance and Removal Inspect perimeter controls and inlet protection in accordance with their respective BMP Fact Sheets. Where seeding,mulch and/or soil binders are used,reseeding or reapplication of soil binder may be necessary. When temporary removal of a perimeter BMP is necessary Stockpile Management to access a stockpile, ensure BMPs are reinstalled in Functions accordance with their respective design detail section. Erosion Control Yes Sediment Control Yes Site/Material Management Yes November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SP-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 MM-2 Stockpile Management (SM) When the stockpile is no longer needed,properly dispose of excess materials and revegetate or otherwise stabilize the ground surface where the stockpile was located. SP-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Stockpile Management (SP) MM-2 v� l S P 3.0' MIN STOCKPILE l A 1 / SILT FENCE (SEE SF DETAIL FOR \ / INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS) STOCKPILE PROTECTION PLAN MAXIMUM 2 SILT FENCE (SEE SF DETAIL FOR INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS) SECTION A SP- 1 . STOCKPILE PROTECTION STOCKPILE PROTECTION INSTALLATION NOTES 1. SEE PLAN VIEW FOR: -LOCATION OF STOCKPILES. -TYPE OF STOCKPILE PROTECTION. 2. INSTALL PERIMETER CONTROLS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THEIR RESPECTIVE DESIGN DETAILS. SILT FENCE IS SHOWN IN THE STOCKPILE PROTECTION DETAILS; HOWEVER, OTHER TYPES OF PERIMETER CONTROLS INCLUDING SEDIMENT CONTROL LOGS OR ROCK SOCKS MAY BE SUITABLE IN SOME CIRCUMSTANCES. CONSIDERATIONS FOR DETERMINING THE APPROPRIATE TYPE OF PERIMETER CONTROL FOR A STOCKPILE INCLUDE WHETHER THE STOCKPILE IS LOCATED ON A PERVIOUS OR IMPERVIOUS SURFACE, THE RELATIVE HEIGHTS OF THE PERIMETER CONTROL AND STOCKPILE, THE ABILITY OF THE PERIMETER CONTROL TO CONTAIN THE STOCKPILE WITHOUT FAILING IN THE EVENT THAT MATERIAL FROM THE STOCKPILE SHIFTS OR SLUMPS AGAINST THE PERIMETER, AND OTHER FACTORS. 3. STABILIZE THE STOCKPILE SURFACE WITH SURFACE ROUGHENING, TEMPORARY SEEDING AND MULCHING, EROSION CONTROL BLANKETS, OR SOIL BINDERS. SOILS STOCKPILED FOR AN EXTENDED PERIOD (TYPICALLY FOR MORE THAN 60 DAYS) SHOULD BE SEEDED AND MULCHED WITH A TEMPORARY GRASS COVER ONCE THE STOCKPILE IS PLACED (TYPICALLY WITHIN 14 DAYS). USE OF MULCH ONLY OR A SOIL BINDER IS ACCEPTABLE IF THE STOCKPILE WILL BE IN PLACE FOR A MORE LIMITED TIME PERIOD (TYPICALLY 30-60 DAYS). 4. FOR TEMPORARY STOCKPILES ON THE INTERIOR PORTION OF A CONSTRUCTION SITE, WHERE OTHER OOWNGRADIENT CONTROLS, INCLUDING PERIMETER CONTROL, ARE IN PLACE, STOCKPILE PERIMETER CONTROLS MAY NOT BE REQUIRED. November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SP-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 MM-2 Stockpile Management (SM) STOCKPILE PROTECTION MAINTENANCE NOTES 1. INSPECT BMPs EACH WORKDAY, AND MAINTAIN THEM IN EFFECTIVE OPERATING CONDITION. MAINTENANCE OF BMPs SHOULD BE PROACTIVE, NOT REACTIVE. INSPECT BMPs AS SOON AS POSSIBLE (AND ALWAYS WITHIN 24 HOURS) FOLLOWING A STORM THAT CAUSES SURFACE EROSION, AND PERFORM NECESSARY MAINTENANCE. 2. FREQUENT OBSERVATIONS AND MAINTENANCE ARE NECESSARY TO MAINTAIN BMPs IN EFFECTIVE OPERATING CONDITION. INSPECTIONS AND CORRECTIVE MEASURES SHOULD BE DOCUMENTED THOROUGHLY. 3. WHERE BMPs HAVE FAILED, REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT SHOULD BE INITIATED UPON DISCOVERY OF THE FAILURE. STOCKPILE PROTECTION MAINTENANCE NOTES 4. IF PERIMETER PROTECTION MUST BE MOVED TO ACCESS SOIL STOCKPILE, REPLACE PERIMETER CONTROLS BY THE END OF THE WORKDAY. 5. STOCKPILE PERIMETER CONTROLS CAN BE REMOVED ONCE ALL THE MATERIAL FROM THE STOCKPILE HAS BEEN USED. (DETAILS ADAPTED FROM PARKER, COLORADO, NOT AVAILABLE IN AUTOCAD) NOTE: MANY JURISDICTIONS HAVE BMP DETAILS THAT VARY FROM UDFCD STANDARD DETAILS. CONSULT WITH LOCAL JURISDICTIONS AS TO WHICH DETAIL SHOULD BE USED WHEN DIFFERENCES ARE NOTED. SP-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Stockpile Management (SP) MM-2 A POLY LINER SA ® R BERM ORANGE SAFETY CONE 501E/LANDSCAPE MATERIAL a) m m POLY TARP 3 TARP ANCHOR 6" PVC PIPE FOR DRAINAGE IN FLOWLINE ® CURB LINE ROAD CL L TARP ANCHOR (CINDER POLY TARP BLOCK, OR 5 GALLON BUCKET OF WATER) ROADWAY I 6' MAX. /\\j POLY LINER BERM MATERIAL (TRIANGULAR SILT DIKE, 6"MIN. SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG, 1 6' MAX., MUST NOT 1 6" PVC PIPE ROCK SOCK, OR OTHER I BE LOCATED WITHIN WRAPPED MATERIAL) A DRIVE LANE SP-2. MATERIALS STAGING IN ROADWAY MATERIALS STAGING IN ROADWAYS INSTALLATION NOTES 1. SEE PLAN VIEW FOR -LOCATION OF MATERIAL STAGING AREA(S). -CONTRACTOR MAY ADJUST LOCATION AND SIZE OF STAGING AREA WITH APPROVAL FROM THE LOCAL JURISDICTION. 2. FEATURE MUST BE INSTALLED PRIOR TO EXCAVATION, EARTHWORK OR DELIVERY OF MATERIALS. 3. MATERIALS MUST BE STATIONED ON THE POLY LINER. ANY INCIDENTAL MATERIALS DEPOSITED ON PAVED SECTION OR ALONG CURB LINE MUST BE CLEANED UP PROMPTLY. 4. POLY LINER AND TARP COVER SHOULD BE OF SIGNIFICANT THICKNESS TO PREVENT DAMAGE OR LOSS OF INTEGRITY. 5. SAND BAGS MAY BE SUBSTITUTED TO ANCHOR THE COVER TARP OR PROVIDE BERMING UNDER THE BASE LINER. 6. FEATURE IS NOT INTENDED FOR USE WITH WET MATERIAL THAT WILL BE DRAINING AND/OR SPREADING OUT ON THE POLY LINER OR FOR DEMOLITION MATERIALS. 7. THIS FEATURE CAN BE USED FOR: -UTILITY REPAIRS. -WHEN OTHER STAGING LOCATIONS AND OPTIONS ARE LIMITED. -OTHER LIMITED APPLICATION AND SHORT DURATION STAGING. November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SP-5 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 MM-2 Stockpile Management (SM) MATERIALS STAGING IN ROADWAY MAINTENANCE NOTES 1. INSPECT BMPs EACH WORKDAY, AND MAINTAIN THEM IN EFFECTIVE OPERATING CONDITION. MAINTENANCE OF BMPs SHOULD BE PROACTIVE, NOT REACTIVE. INSPECT BMPs AS SOON AS POSSIBLE (AND ALWAYS WITHIN 24 HOURS) FOLLOWING A STORM THAT CAUSES SURFACE EROSION, AND PERFORM NECESSARY MAINTENANCE. 2. FREQUENT OBSERVATIONS AND MAINTENANCE ARE NECESSARY TO MAINTAIN BMPs IN EFFECTIVE OPERATING CONDITION. INSPECTIONS AND CORRECTIVE MEASURES SHOULD BE DOCUMENTED THOROUGHLY. 3. WHERE BMPs HAVE FAILED, REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT SHOULD BE INITIATED UPON DISCOVERY OF THE FAILURE. 4. INSPECT PVC PIPE ALONG CURB LINE FOR CLOGGING AND DEBRIS. REMOVE OBSTRUCTIONS PROMPTLY. 5. CLEAN MATERIAL FROM PAVED SURFACES BY SWEEPING OR VACUUMING. NOTE: MANY JURISDICTIONS HAVE BMP DETAILS THAT VARY FROM UDFCD STANDARD DETAILS. CONSULT WITH LOCAL JURISDICTIONS AS TO WHICH DETAIL SHOULD BE USED WHEN DIFFERENCES ARE NOTED. (DETAILS ADAPTED FROM AURORA, COLORADO) SP-6 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Good Housekeeping Practices (GH) MM-3 Description - Implement construction site good housekeeping practices to prevent pollution associated with solid, liquid and hazardous d construction-related materials and wastes. Stormwater Management Plans (SWMPs)should clearly specify BMPs including these good housekeeping practices: ■ Provide for waste management. ■ Establish proper building material staging areas. ■ Designate paint and concrete washout areas. ■ Establish proper equipment/vehicle fueling and maintenance practices. ■ Control equipment/vehicle washing and allowable non- stormwater discharges. ■ Develop a spill prevention and response plan. Acknowledgement: This Fact Sheet is based directly on EPA guidance provided in Developing Your Stormwater Photographs GH-1 and GH-2. Proper materials Pollution Prevent Plan(EPA 2007). storage and secondary containment for fuel tanks are important good housekeeping practices. Photos Appropriate Uses courtesy of CDOT and City of Aurora. Good housekeeping practices are necessary at all construction sites. Design and Installation The following principles and actions should be addressed in SWMPs: ■ Provide for Waste Management. Implement management procedures and practices to prevent or reduce the exposure and transport of pollutants in stormwater from solid, liquid and sanitary wastes that will be generated at the site. Practices such as trash disposal,recycling,proper material handling, and cleanup measures can reduce the potential for stormwater runoff to pick up construction site wastes and discharge them to surface waters. Implement a comprehensive set of waste-management practices for hazardous or toxic materials, such as paints, solvents,petroleum products,pesticides, wood preservatives, acids,roofing tar, and other materials. Practices should include storage, handling, inventory,and cleanup procedures,in case of spills. Specific practices that should be considered include: Solid or Construction Waste Good Housekeeping o Designate trash and bulk waste-collection areas on- Functions site. Erosion Control No Sediment Control No Site/Material Management Yes November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District GH-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 MM-3 Good Housekeeping Practices (GH) o Recycle materials whenever possible(e.g.,paper,wood, concrete, oil). o Segregate and provide proper disposal options for hazardous material wastes. o Clean up litter and debris from the construction site daily. o Locate waste-collection areas away from streets, gutters,watercourses, and storm drams. Waste- collection areas(dumpsters, and such)are often best located near construction site entrances to minimize traffic on disturbed soils. Consider secondary containment around waste collection areas to minimize the likelihood of contaminated discharges. o Empty waste containers before they are full and overflowing. Sanitary and Septic Waste o Provide convenient,well-maintained, and properly located toilet facilities on-site. o Locate toilet facilities away from storm drain inlets and waterways to prevent accidental spills and contamination of stormwater. o Maintain clean restroom facilities and empty portable toilets regularly. o Where possible,provide secondary containment pans under portable toilets. o Provide tie-downs or stake-downs for portable toilets. o Educate employees, subcontractors,and suppliers on locations of facilities. o Treat or dispose of sanitary and septic waste in accordance with state or local regulations. Do not discharge or bury wastewater at the construction site. o Inspect facilities for leaks. If found,repair or replace immediately. o Special care is necessary during maintenance(pump out)to ensure that waste and/or biocide are not spilled on the ground. Hazardous Materials and Wastes o Develop and implement employee and subcontractor education, as needed, on hazardous and toxic waste handling, storage, disposal,and cleanup. o Designate hazardous waste-collection areas on-site. o Place all hazardous and toxic material wastes in secondary containment. Photograph GH-3. Locate portable toilet facilities on level surfaces away from waterways and storm drains. Photo courtesy of WWE. GH-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Good Housekeeping Practices (GH) MM-3 o Hazardous waste containers should be inspected to ensure that all containers are labeled properly and that no leaks are present. ■ Establish Proper Building Material Handling and Staging Areas. The SWMP should include comprehensive handling and management procedures for building materials,especially those that are hazardous or toxic. Paints, solvents,pesticides,fuels and oils, other hazardous materials or building materials that have the potential to contaminate stormwater should be stored indoors or under cover whenever possible or in areas with secondary containment. Secondary containment measures prevent a spill from spreading across the site and may include dikes,berms, curbing, or other containment methods. Secondary containment techniques should also ensure the protection of groundwater. Designate staging areas for activities such as fueling vehicles,mixing paints,plaster,mortar,and other potential pollutants. Designated staging areas enable easier monitoring of the use of materials and clean up of spills. Training employees and subcontractors is essential to the success of this pollution prevention principle. Consider the following specific materials handling and staging practices: o Train employees and subcontractors in proper handling and storage practices. o Clearly designate site areas for staging and storage with signs and on construction drawings. Staging areas should be located in areas central to the construction site. Segment the staging area into sub-areas designated for vehicles, equipment, or stockpiles. Construction entrances and exits should be clearly marked so that delivery vehicles enter/exit through stabilized areas with vehicle tracking controls(See Vehicle Tracking Control Fact Sheet). o Provide storage in accordance with Spill Protection, Control and Countermeasures(SPCC) requirements and plans and provide cover and impermeable perimeter control, as necessary, for hazardous materials and contaminated soils that must be stored on site. o Ensure that storage containers are regularly inspected for leaks, corrosion, support or foundation failure, or other signs of deterioration and tested for soundness. o Reuse and recycle construction materials when possible. ■ Designate Concrete Washout Areas. Concrete contractors should be encouraged to use the washout facilities at their own plants or dispatch facilities when feasible;however, concrete washout commonly occurs on construction sites. If it is necessary to provide for concrete washout areas on- site, designate specific washout areas and design facilities to handle anticipated washout water. Washout areas should also be provided for paint and stucco operations. Because washout areas can be a source of pollutants from leaks or spills, care must be taken with regard to their placement and proper use. See the Concrete Washout Area Fact Sheet for detailed guidance. Both self-constructed and prefabricated washout containers can fill up quickly when concrete,paint, and stucco work are occurring on large portions of the site. Be sure to check for evidence that contractors are using the washout areas and not dumping materials onto the ground or into drainage facilities. If the washout areas are not being used regularly, consider posting additional signage, relocating the facilities to more convenient locations,or providing training to workers and contractors. When concrete,paint,or stucco is part of the construction process, consider these practices which will help prevent contamination of stormwater. Include the locations of these areas and the maintenance and inspection procedures in the SWMP. November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District GH-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 MM-3 Good Housekeeping Practices (GH) o Do not washout concrete trucks or equipment into storm drains, streets, gutters,uncontained areas, or streams. Only use designated washout areas. o Establish washout areas and advertise their locations with signs. Ensure that signage remains in good repair. o Provide adequate containment for the amount of wash water that will be used. o Inspect washout structures daily to detect leaks or tears and to identify when materials need to be removed. o Dispose of materials properly. The preferred method is to allow the water to evaporate and to recycle the hardened concrete. Full service companies may provide dewatering services and should dispose of wastewater properly. Concrete wash water can be highly polluted. It should not be discharged to any surface water,storm sewer system, or allowed to infiltrate into the ground in the vicinity of waterbodies. Washwater should not be discharged to a sanitary sewer system without first receiving written permission from the system operator. ■ Establish Proper Equipment/Vehicle Fueling and Maintenance Practices. Create a clearly designated on-site fueling and maintenance area that is clean and dry. The on-site fueling area should have a spill kit,and staff should know how to use it. If possible, conduct vehicle fueling and maintenance activities in a covered area. Consider the following practices to help prevent the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from equipment/vehicle fueling and maintenance. Include the locations of designated fueling and maintenance areas and inspection and maintenance procedures in the SWMP. o Train employees and subcontractors in proper fueling procedures(stay with vehicles during fueling,proper use of pumps, emergency shutoff valves, etc.). o Inspect on-site vehicles and equipment regularly for leaks, equipment damage,and other service problems. o Clearly designate vehicle/equipment service areas away from drainage facilities and watercourses to prevent stormwater run-on and runoff. o Use drip pans,drip cloths,or absorbent pads when replacing spent fluids. o Collect all spent fluids, store in appropriate labeled containers in the proper storage areas, and recycle fluids whenever possible. ■ Control Equipment/Vehicle Washing and Allowable Non-Stormwater Discharges. Implement practices to prevent contamination of surface and groundwater from equipment and vehicle wash water. Representative practices include: o Educate employees and subcontractors on proper washing procedures. o Use off-site washing facilities,when available. o Clearly mark the washing areas and inform workers that all washing must occur in this area. o Contain wash water and treat it using BMPs. Infiltrate washwater when possible,but maintain separation from drainage paths and waterbodies. GH-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Good Housekeeping Practices (GH) MM-3 o Use high-pressure water spray at vehicle washing facilities without detergents. Water alone can remove most dirt adequately. o Do not conduct other activities, such as vehicle repairs,in the wash area. o Include the location of the washing facilities and the inspection and maintenance procedures in the SWMP. ■ Develop a Spill Prevention and Response Plan. Spill prevention and response procedures must be identified in the SWMP. Representative procedures include identifying ways to reduce the chance of spills, stop the source of spills,contain and clean up spills, dispose of materials contaminated by spills,and train personnel responsible for spill prevention and response. The plan should also specify material handling procedures and storage requirements and ensure that clear and concise spill cleanup procedures are provided and posted for areas in which spills may potentially occur. When developing a spill prevention plan, include the following: o Note the locations of chemical storage areas,storm drains,tributary drainage areas, surface waterbodies on or near the site, and measures to stop spills from leaving the site. o Provide proper handling and safety procedures for each type of waste. Keep Material Safety Data Sheets(MSDSs)for chemical used on site with the SWMP. o Establish an education program for employees and subcontractors on the potential hazards to humans and the environment from spills and leaks. o Specify how to notify appropriate authorities, such as police and fire departments,hospitals, or municipal sewage treatment facilities to request assistance. Emergency procedures and contact numbers should be provided in the SWMP and posted at storage locations. o Describe the procedures, equipment and materials for immediate cleanup of spills and proper disposal. o Identify personnel responsible for implementing the plan in the event of a spill. Update the spill prevention plan and clean up materials as changes occur to the types of chemicals stored and used at the facility. November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District GH-5 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 MM-3 Good Housekeeping Practices (GH) Spill Prevention, Control,and Countermeasure(SPCC)Plan Construction sites may be subject to 40 CFR Part 112 regulations that require the preparation and implementation of a SPCC Plan to prevent oil spills from aboveground and underground storage tanks. The facility is subject to this rule if it is a non-transportation-related facility that: ■ Has a total storage capacity greater than 1,320 gallons or a completely buried storage capacity greater than 42,000 gallons. ■ Could reasonably be expected to discharge oil in quantities that may be harmful to navigable waters of the United States and adjoining shorelines. Furthermore, if the facility is subject to 40 CFR Part 112, the SWAP should reference the SPCC Plan. To find out more about SPCC Plans,see EPA's website on SPPC at www.cpa. ovg /oilspiu/spce.htm. Reporting Oil Spills In the event of an oil spill,contact the National Response Center toll free at 1-800-424-8802 for assistance, or for more details,visit their website: www.nrc.uscg.mil. Maintenance and Removal Effective implementation of good housekeeping practices is dependent on clear designation of personnel responsible for supervising and implementing good housekeeping programs, such as site cleanup and disposal of trash and debris,hazardous material management and disposal,vehicle and equipment maintenance, and other practices. Emergency response "drills"may aid in emergency preparedness. Checklists may be helpful in good housekeeping efforts. Staging and storage areas require permanent stabilization when the areas are no longer being used for construction-related activities. Construction-related materials, debris and waste must be removed from the construction site once construction is complete. Design Details See the following Fact Sheets for related Design Details: MM-1 Concrete Washout Area MM-2 Stockpile Management SM-4 Vehicle Tracking Control Design details are not necessary for other good housekeeping practices;however,be sure to designate where specific practices will occur on the appropriate construction drawings. GH-6 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Silt Fence (SF) SC-1 Description A silt fence is a woven geotextile fabric attached to wooden posts and trenched into the ground. It is designed as a sediment barrier to intercept sheet flow runoff from disturbed areas. Appropriate Uses A silt fence can be used where runoff is conveyed from a disturbed area as sheet flow. Silt fence is not designed to receive concentrated flow or to be used as a filter fabric. Typical uses include: ■ Down slope of a disturbed area to accept sheet flow. Photograph SF-1. Silt fence creates a sediment barrier,forcing sheet flow runoff to evaporate or infiltrate. ■ Along the perimeter of a receiving water such as a stream,pond or wetland. ■ At the perimeter of a construction site. Design and Installation Silt fence should be installed along the contour of slopes so that it intercepts sheet flow. The maximum recommended tributary drainage area per 100 lineal feet of silt fence,installed along the contour,is approximately 0.25 acres with a disturbed slope length of up to 150 feet and a tributary slope gradient no steeper than 3:1. Longer and steeper slopes require additional measures. This recommendation only applies to silt fence installed along the contour. Silt fence installed for other uses, such as perimeter control, should be installed in a way that will not produce concentrated flows. For example,a"J-hook" installation may be appropriate to force runoff to pond and evaporate or infiltrate in multiple areas rather than concentrate and cause erosive conditions parallel to the silt fence. See Detail SF-1 for proper silt fence installation,which involves proper trenching, staking, securing the fabric to the stakes, and backfilling the silt fence. Properly installed silt fence should not be easily pulled out by hand and there should be no gaps between the ground and the fabric. Silt fence must meet the minimum allowable strength requirements, depth of installation requirement,and other specifications in the design details. Improper installation of silt fence is a common reason for silt fence failure;however, Silt Fence when properly installed and used for the appropriate purposes, it Functions can be highly effective. Erosion Control No Sediment Control Yes Site/Material Management No November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SF-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 SC-1 Silt Fence (SF) Maintenance and Removal - Inspection of silt fence includes observing the material for tears or holes and checking for slumping fence and undercut areas bypassing flows. Repair of silt fence typically involves replacing the damaged section with a new section. Sediment accumulated behind silt fence should be removed,as needed to maintain BMP effectiveness,typically before it reaches a depth of 6 inches. Silt fence may be removed when the upstream area has reached final stabilization. a Photograph SF-2. When silt fence is not installed along the contour,a"J-hook"installation may be appropriate to ensure that the BMP does not create concentrated flow parallel to the silt fence. Photo courtesy of Tom Gore. SF-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Silt Fence (SF) SC-1 SF SF -SF 1 Y2" X i i2u SF 'RECOMMENDED, WOODEN FENCE POST WITH 10' MAX SPACING SILT FENCE GEOTEXTILE A COMPACTED BACKFI LL FEW 36 5 T'r,F' EXISTING GROUND 6" MIN _1/1 =j 18" AT LEAST 10" MIN OF SILT FENCE "TAIL" SHALL BE 4" MIN BURIED SILT FENCE POSTS SHALL OVERLAP AT JOINTS SO THAT NO GAPS JOIN EXIST IN SILT FENCE FIRST ROTATE SECOND CZ=Z=Ell POSTS SHALL BE JOINED AS SHOWN, THEN ROTATED 180 DEG. THICKNESS OF GEOTEXTILE HAS IN DIRECTION SHOWN AND DRIVEN BEEN EXAGGERATED, TYP INTO THE GROUND SECTION A SF- 1 . SILT FENCE November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SF-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 SC-1 Silt Fence (SF) SILT FENCE INSTALLATION NOTES 1. SILT FENCE MUST BE PLACED AWAY FROM THE TOE OF THE SLOPE TO ALLOW FOR WATER PONDING. SILT FENCE AT THE TOE OF A SLOPE SHOULD BE INSTALLED IN A FLAT LOCATION AT LEAST SEVERAL FEET (2-5 FT) FROM THE TOE OF THE SLOPE TO ALLOW ROOM FOR PONDING AND DEPOSITION. 2. A UNIFORM 6" X 4" ANCHOR TRENCH SHALL BE EXCAVATED USING TRENCHER OR SILT FENCE INSTALLATION DEVICE. NO ROAD GRADERS, BACKHOES, OR SIMILAR EQUIPMENT SHALL BE USED. 3. COMPACT ANCHOR TRENCH BY HAND WITH A "JUMPING JACK" OR BY WHEEL ROLLING. COMPACTION SHALL BE SUCH THAT SILT FENCE RESISTS BEING PULLED OUT OF ANCHOR TRENCH BY HAND. 4. SILT FENCE SHALL BE PULLED TIGHT AS IT IS ANCHORED TO THE STAKES. THERE SHOULD BE NO NOTICEABLE SAG BETWEEN STAKES AFTER IT HAS BEEN ANCHORED TO THE STAKES. 5. SILT FENCE FABRIC SHALL BE ANCHORED TO THE STAKES USING 1" HEAVY DUTY STAPLES OR NAILS WITH 1" HEADS. STAPLES AND NAILS SHOULD BE PLACED 3" ALONG THE FABRIC DOWN THE STAKE. 6. AT THE END OF A RUN OF SILT FENCE ALONG A CONTOUR, THE SILT FENCE SHOULD BE TURNED PERPENDICULAR TO THE CONTOUR TO CREATE A "J—HOOK." THE "J—HOOK" EXTENDING PERPENDICULAR TO THE CONTOUR SHOULD BE OF SUFFICIENT LENGTH TO KEEP RUNOFF FROM FLOWING AROUND THE END OF THE SILT FENCE (TYPICALLY 10' — 20'). 7. SILT FENCE SHALL BE INSTALLED PRIOR TO ANY LAND DISTURBING ACTIVITIES. SILT FENCE MAINTENANCE NOTES 1. INSPECT BMPs EACH WORKDAY, AND MAINTAIN THEM IN EFFECTIVE OPERATING CONDITION. MAINTENANCE OF BMPs SHOULD BE PROACTIVE, NOT REACTIVE. INSPECT BMPs AS SOON AS POSSIBLE (AND ALWAYS WITHIN 24 HOURS) FOLLOWING A STORM THAT CAUSES SURFACE EROSION, AND PERFORM NECESSARY MAINTENANCE. 2. FREQUENT OBSERVATIONS AND MAINTENANCE ARE NECESSARY TO MAINTAIN BMPs IN EFFECTIVE OPERATING CONDITION. INSPECTIONS AND CORRECTIVE MEASURES SHOULD BE DOCUMENTED THOROUGHLY. 3. WHERE BMPs HAVE FAILED, REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT SHOULD BE INITIATED UPON DISCOVERY OF THE FAILURE. 4. SEDIMENT ACCUMULATED UPSTREAM OF THE SILT FENCE SHALL BE REMOVED AS NEEDED TO MAINTAIN THE FUNCTIONALITY OF THE BMP, TYPICALLY WHEN DEPTH OF ACCUMULATED SEDIMENTS IS APPROXIMATELY 6". 5. REPAIR OR REPLACE SILT FENCE WHEN THERE ARE SIGNS OF WEAR, SUCH AS SAGGING, TEARING, OR COLLAPSE. 6. SILT FENCE IS TO REMAIN IN PLACE UNTIL THE UPSTREAM DISTURBED AREA IS STABILIZED AND APPROVED BY THE LOCAL JURISDICTION, OR IS REPLACED BY AN EQUIVALENT PERIMETER SEDIMENT CONTROL BMP. 7. WHEN SILT FENCE IS REMOVED, ALL DISTURBED AREAS SHALL BE COVERED WITH TOPSOIL, SEEDED AND MULCHED OR OTHERWISE STABILIZED AS APPROVED BY LOCAL JURISDICTION. (DETAIL ADAPTED FROM TOWN OF PARKER, COLORADO AND CITY OF AURORA, NOT AVAILABLE IN AUTOCAD) NOTE: MANY JURISDICTIONS HAVE BMP DETAILS THAT VARY FROM UDFCD STANDARD DETAILS. CONSULT WITH LOCAL JURISDICTIONS AS TO WHICH DETAIL SHOULD BE USED WHEN DIFFERENCES ARE NOTED. SF-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Sediment Control Log (SCL) SC-2 Description A sediment control log is a linear roll made of natural materials such as straw, coconut fiber, or other fibrous max" i material trenched into the ground andf held with a wooden stake. Sediment t control logs are also often referred to as "straw wattles." They are used as a sediment barrier to intercept sheet flow W, runoff from disturbed areas. Appropriate Uses Sediment control logs can be used in the following applications to trap = -- sediment: ■ As perimeter control for stockpiles and the site. ■ As part of inlet protection designs. ■ As check dams in small drainage ditches. (Sediment control logs are not intended for use in channels with high flow velocities.) Photographs SCL-1 and SCL-2. Sediment control logs used as 1)a perimeter control around a soil stockpile;and,2)as a'Thook" ■ On disturbed slopes to shorten flow perimeter control at the comer of a construction site. lengths(as an erosion control). ■ As part of multi-layered perimeter control along a receiving water such as a stream,pond or wetland. Sediment control logs work well in combination with other layers of erosion and sediment controls. Design and Installation Sediment control logs should be installed along the contour to avoid concentrating flows. The maximum allowable tributary drainage area per 100 lineal feet of sediment control log, installed along the contour,is approximately 0.25 acres with a disturbed slope length of up to 150 feet and a tributary slope gradient no steeper than 3:1. Longer and steeper slopes require additional measures. This recommendation only applies to sediment control logs installed along the contour. When installed for other uses, such as perimeter control,it should be installed in a way that will not produce concentrated flows. For example, a"J-hook" Sediment Control Lo installation may be appropriate to force runoff to pond and Functions evaporate or infiltrate in multiple areas rather than concentrate Erosion Control Moderate and cause erosive conditions parallel to the BMP. Sediment Control Yes Site/Material Management No November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SCL-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 SC-2 Sediment Control Log (SCL) Although sediment control logs initially allow runoff to flow through the BMP,they can quickly become a barrier and should be installed is if they are impermeable. Design details and notes for sediment control logs are provided in Detail SCL-1. Sediment logs must be properly trenched and staked into the ground to prevent undercutting,bypassing and displacement. When installed on slopes, sediment control logs should be installed along the contours (i.e.,perpendicular to flow). Improper installation can lead to poor performance. Be sure that sediment control logs are properly trenched,anchored and tightly jointed. Maintenance and Removal Be aware that sediment control logs will eventually degrade. Remove accumulated sediment before the depth is one-half the height of the sediment log and repair damage to the sediment log,typically by replacing the damaged section. Once the upstream area is stabilized,remove and properly dispose of the logs. Areas disturbed beneath the logs may need to be seeded and mulched. Sediment control logs that are biodegradable may occasionally be left in place(e.g.,when logs are used in conjunction with erosion control blankets as permanent slope breaks). However,removal of sediment control logs after final stabilization is typically recommended when used in perimeter control,inlet protection and check dam applications. SCL-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Sediment Control Log (SCL) SC-2 SCL A 1Y2" x 1Yz" x 18" {MIN) WOODEN STAKE 9" DIAMETER (MIN) } SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG L 3 4' MAX. CENTER 6" Ys DIAM. �\������j� FLOW OF SCL {TYP j�/ `y�j � . y\\\0\\�\v�� NOTE: LARGER DIAM. SC /�\ DIAMETER SEDIMENT x/ � ���� CONTROL LOGS MAY NEED BE EMBEDDED DEEPER. 0/10 SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG CENTER STAKE IN CONTROL LOG COMPACTED EXCAVATED 3 9" DIAMETER (MIN) TRENCH SOIL SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG FLOW Ys DIAM. SCL (TYP.) 6" SECTION A 12" OVERLAP 1Y2" x 1Y" x 18" (MIN) WOODEN STAKE i 9" DIAMETER (MIN) SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG JOINTS SCL- 1 . SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SCL-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 SC-2 Sediment Control Log (SCL) COMPACTED EXCAVATED 3" � � CENTER STAKE IN CONTROL LOG TRENCH SOIL 9" DIAMETER (MIN) SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG FLOW ---� PLACE LOG AGAINST BACK OF CURB Y3 DIAM. SCL (TYP.) 6" MIN. SCL-2. SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG AT BACK OF CURB CENTER STAKE IN CONTROL LOG 3 9" DIAMETER (MIN) SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG TREE LAWN (TYPICAL) Ya DIAM. SCL (TYP.) CURB FLOW / Rq SCL-3. SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG AT SIDEWALK WITH TREE LAWN STAKING AT 4' MAX. ON CENTER (TYP.} VERTICAL SPACING VARIES DEPENDING ON SLOPE CONTINUOUS SCL AT PERIMETER OF CONSTRUCTION SITE SCL-4. SEDIMENT CONTROL LOGS TO CONTROL SLOPE LENGTH SCL-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Sediment Control Log (SCL) SC-2 SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG INSTALLATION NOTES 1. SEE PLAN VIEW FOR LOCATION AND LENGTH OF SEDIMENT CONTROL LOGS. 2. SEDIMENT CONTROL LOGS THAT ACT AS A PERIMETER CONTROL SHALL BE INSTALLED PRIOR TO ANY UPGRADIENT LAND—DISTURBING ACTIVITIES. 3. SEDIMENT CONTROL LOGS SHALL CONSIST OF STRAW, COMPOST, EXCELSIOR OR COCONUT FIBER, AND SHALL BE FREE OF ANY NOXIOUS WEED SEEDS OR DEFECTS INCLUDING RIPS, HOLES AND OBVIOUS WEAR. 4. SEDIMENT CONTROL LOGS MAY BE USED AS SMALL CHECK DAMS IN DITCHES AND SWALES. HOWEVER, THEY SHOULD NOT BE USED IN PERENNIAL STREAMS OR HIGH VELOCITY DRAINAGE WAYS. 5. IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT SEDIMENT CONTROL LOGS BE TRENCHED INTO THE GROUND TO A DEPTH OF APPROXIMATELY Y3 OF THE DIAMETER OF THE LOG. IF TRENCHING TO THIS DEPTH IS NOT FEASIBLE AND/OR DESIRABLE (SHORT TERM INSTALLATION WITH DESIRE NOT TO DAMAGE LANDSCAPE) A LESSER TRENCHING DEPTH MAY BE ACCEPTABLE WITH MORE ROBUST STAKING 6. THE UPHILL SIDE OF THE SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG SHALL BE BACKFILLED WITH SOIL THAT IS FREE OF ROCKS AND DEBRIS. THE SOIL SHALL BE TIGHTLY COMPACTED INTO THE SHAPE OF A RIGHT TRIANGLE USING A SHOVEL OR WEIGHTED LAWN ROLLER. 7. FOLLOW MANUFACTURERS' GUIDANCE FOR STAKING. IF MANUFACTURERS' INSTRUCTIONS DO NOT SPECIFY SPACING, STAKES SHALL BE PLACED ON 4' CENTERS AND EMBEDDED A MINIMUM OF 6" INTO THE GROUND. 3" OF THE STAKE SHALL PROTRUDE FROM THE TOP OF THE LOG. STAKES THAT ARE BROKEN PRIOR TO INSTALLATION SHALL BE REPLACED. SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG MAINTENANCE NOTES 1. INSPECT BMPs EACH WORKDAY, AND MAINTAIN THEM IN EFFECTIVE OPERATING CONDITION. MAINTENANCE OF BMPs SHOULD BE PROACTIVE, NOT REACTIVE. INSPECT BMPs AS SOON AS POSSIBLE (AND ALWAYS WITHIN 24 HOURS) FOLLOWING A STORM THAT CAUSES SURFACE EROSION, AND PERFORM NECESSARY MAINTENANCE. 2. FREQUENT OBSERVATIONS AND MAINTENANCE ARE NECESSARY TO MAINTAIN BMPS IN EFFECTIVE OPERATING CONDITION. INSPECTIONS AND CORRECTIVE MEASURES SHOULD BE DOCUMENTED THOROUGHLY. 3. WHERE BMPs HAVE FAILED, REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT SHOULD BE INITIATED UPON DISCOVERY OF THE FAILURE. 4. SEDIMENT ACCUMULATED UPSTREAM OF SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG SHALL BE REMOVED AS NEEDED TO MAINTAIN FUNCTIONALITY OF THE BMP, TYPICALLY WHEN DEPTH OF ACCUMULATED SEDIMENTS IS APPROXIMATELY h OF THE HEIGHT OF THE SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG. 5. SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG SHALL BE REMOVED AT THE END OF CONSTRUCTION. IF DISTURBED AREAS EXIST AFTER REMOVAL, THEY SHALL BE COVERED WITH TOP SOIL, SEEDED AND MULCHED OR OTHERWISE STABILIZED IN A MANNER APPROVED BY THE LOCAL JURISDICTION. (DETAILS ADAPTED FROM TOWN OF PARKER, COLORADO. AFFERSON COUNTY, COLORADO, DOUGLAS COUNTY, COLORADO, AND CITY OF AURORA, COLORADO, NOT AVAILABLE IN AUTOCAD) NOTE: MANY JURISDICTIONS HAVE BMP DETAILS THAT VARY FROM UDFCD STANDARD DETAILS. CONSULT WITH LOCAL JURISDICTIONS AS TO WHICH DETAIL SHOULD BE USED WHEN DIFFERENCES ARE NOTED. November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SCL-5 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC) SM-4 Description s Vehicle tracking controls provide stabilized construction site access where �� ' vehicles exit the site onto paved public roads. An effective vehicle tracking control helps remove sediment(mud or - _- dirt)from vehicles,reducing tracking onto 71 the paved surface. Appropriate UsesOWR Implement a stabilized construction entrance or vehicle tracking control where Photograph VTC-1. A vehicle tracking control pad constructed with frequent heavy vehicle traffic exits the properly sized rock reduces off-site sediment tracking. construction site onto a paved roadway. An effective vehicle tracking control is particularly important during the following conditions: ■ Wet weather periods when mud is easily tracked off site. ■ During dry weather periods where dust is a concern. ■ When poorly drained,clayey soils are present on site. Although wheel washes are not required in designs of vehicle tracking controls,they may be needed at particularly muddy sites. Design and Installation Construct the vehicle tracking control on a level surface. Where feasible, grade the tracking control towards the construction site to reduce off-site runoff. Place signage, as needed,to direct construction vehicles to the designated exit through the vehicle tracking control. There are several different types of stabilized construction entrances including: VTC-1. Aggregate Vehicle Tracking Control. This is a coarse-aggregate surfaced pad underlain by a geotextile. This is the most common vehicle tracking control,and when properly maintained can be effective at removing sediment from vehicle tires. VTC-2. Vehicle Tracking Control with Construction Mat or Turf Reinforcement Mat. This type of control may be appropriate for site access at very small construction sites with low traffic volume over vegetated areas. Although this application does not typically remove sediment from vehicles,it helps protect existing vegetation and provides a stabilized entrance. Vehicle Tracking Control Functions Erosion Control Moderate Sediment Control Yes Site/Material Management Yes November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District VTC-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 SM-4 Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC) VTC-3. Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit with Wheel Wash. This is an aggregate pad, similar to VTC-1,but includes equipment for tire washing. The wheel wash equipment may be as simple as hand-held power washing equipment to more advance proprietary systems. When a wheel wash is provided,it is important to direct wash water to a sediment trap prior to discharge from the site. Vehicle tracking controls are sometimes installed in combination with a sediment trap to treat runoff. Maintenance and Removal Inspect the area for degradation and - replace aggregate or material used fora - 4 stabilized entrance/exit as needed. If the area becomes clogged and ponds water, remove and dispose of excess sediment or replace material with a fresh layer of _ AN aggregate as necessary. - With aggregate vehicle tracking controls, ensure rock and debris from this area do not enter the public right-of-way. Remove sediment that is tracked onto the , public right of way daily or more , frequently as needed. Excess sediment ,' yfµ: in the roadway indicates that the stabilized construction entrance needs maintenance. Photograph VTC-2. A vehicle tracking control pad with wheel wash facility. Photo courtesy of Tom Gore. Ensure that drainage ditches at the entrance/exit area remain clear. A stabilized entrance should be removed only when there is no longer the potential for vehicle tracking to occur. This is typically after the site has been stabilized. When wheel wash equipment is used,be sure that the wash water is discharged to a sediment trap prior to discharge. Also inspect channels conveying the water from the wash area to the sediment trap and stabilize areas that may be eroding. When a construction entrance/exit is removed, excess sediment from the aggregate should be removed and disposed of appropriately. The entrance should be promptly stabilized with a permanent surface following removal,typically by paving. VTC-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC) SM-4 t: VTC 20 FOOT (WIDTH CAN BE LESS IF CONST. VEHICLES ARE PHYSICALLY CONFINED ON BOTH SIDES) SIDEWALK OR OTHER 50 FOOT (MIN.) PAVED SURFACE u 9" (MIN.) f PUBLIC UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED ROADWAY BY LOCAL JURISDICTION, USE CDOT SECT. #703, AASHTO #3 COARSE AGGREGATE OR 6" MINUS ROCK NON-WOVEN GEOTEXTILE FABRIC BETWEEN SOIL AND ROCK UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED BY LOCAL INSTALL ROCK FLUSH WITH JURISDICTION, USE CDOT SECT. #703, AASHTO OR BELOW TOP OF PAVEMENT #3 COARSE AGGREGATE OR 6" MINUS ROCK F 9„ (MIN.) i I 7 - NON-WOVEN GEOTEXTILE FABRIC COMPACTED SUBGRADE SECTION A VTC- 1 . AGGREGATE VEHICLE TRACKING CONTROL November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District VTC-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 SM-4 Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC) TC { WW DITCH TO CARRY WASH WATER TO SEDIMENT TRAP OR BASIN i A / PUBLIC ROADWAY t / n NOTE: WASH WATER MAY NOT CONTAIN CHEMICALS OR SOAPS WITHOUT OBTAINING A SEPARATE PERMIT WASH RACK 6'7" MIN. REINFORCED CONCRETE RA K r (MAY SUBSTITUTE STEEL CATTLE DRAIN SPACE GUARD FOR CONCRETE RACK) SECTION A VTC-2. AGGREGATE VEHICLE TRACKING CONTROL WITH WAS H RAC K VTC-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC) SM-4 VTC/ VTC/ CM TR DISTURBED AREA, CONSTRUCTION SITE, STABILIZED STORAGE AREA 10% MAX, OR STAGING AREA O O O EXISTING 12' MIN PAVED CONSTRUCTION MATS, WOVEN OR TRM ROADWAY 50' MIN I S" MIN (No SPIKES OR c� STAKES `L;�����'�Z TRM END OVERLAP WITH } �p�JpJ��O SPIKES OR STAKES 3 Q,OJc���G��� CONSTRUCTION MATS, WOVEN OR TURF REINFORCEMENT STRAP MAT (TRM) CONNECTORS CONSTRUCTION MAT END n¢ RESTRICT CONST. VEHICLE OVERLAP INTERLOCK WITH c� ACCESS TO SIDES OF MAT STRAP CONNECTORS z 20' OR AS REQUIRED TO ACCOMMODATE ANTICIPATED TRAFFIC (WIDTH CAN BE LESS IF CONST. VEHICLES ARE PHYSICALLY CONFINED ON BOTH SIDES) VTC-3. VEHICLE TRACKING CONTROL WZ CONSTRUCTION MAT OR TURF REINFORCEMENT MAT (TRM) November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District VTC-5 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 SM-4 Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC) STABILIZED CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE/EXIT INSTALLATION NOTES 1. SEE PLAN VIEW FOR —LOCATION OF CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCES)/EXIT(S). —TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCES)/EXITS(S) (WITH/WITHOUT WHEEL WASH, CONSTRUCTION MAT OR TRM). 2. CONSTRUCTION MAT OR TRM STABILIZED CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCES ARE ONLY TO BE USED ON SHORT DURATION PROJECTS (TYPICALLY RANGING FROM A WEEK TO A MONTH) WHERE THERE WILL BE LIMITED VEHICULAR ACCESS. 3. A STABILIZED CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE/EXIT SHALL BE LOCATED AT ALL ACCESS POINTS WHERE VEHICLES ACCESS THE CONSTRUCTION SITE FROM PAVED RIGHT—OF—WAYS. 4. STABILIZED CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE/EXIT SHALL BE INSTALLED PRIOR TO ANY LAND DISTURBING ACTIVITIES. 5. A NON—WOVEN GEOTEXTILE FABRIC SHALL BE PLACED UNDER THE STABILIZED CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE/EXIT PRIOR TO THE PLACEMENT OF ROCK. 6. UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED BY LOCAL JURISDICTION, ROCK SHALL CONSIST OF DOT SECT. #703, AASHTO #3 COARSE AGGREGATE OR 6" (MINUS) ROCK. STABILIZED CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE/EXIT MAINTENANCE NOTES 1. INSPECT BMPs EACH WORKDAY, AND MAINTAIN THEM IN EFFECTIVE OPERATING CONDITION. MAINTENANCE OF BMPs SHOULD BE PROACTIVE, NOT REACTIVE. INSPECT BMPs AS SOON AS POSSIBLE (AND ALWAYS WITHIN 24 HOURS) FOLLOWING A STORM THAT CAUSES SURFACE EROSION, AND PERFORM NECESSARY MAINTENANCE. 2. FREQUENT OBSERVATIONS AND MAINTENANCE ARE NECESSARY TO MAINTAIN BMPs IN EFFECTIVE OPERATING CONDITION. INSPECTIONS AND CORRECTIVE MEASURES SHOULD BE DOCUMENTED THOROUGHLY. 3. WHERE BMPs HAVE FAILED, REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT SHOULD BE INITIATED UPON DISCOVERY OF THE FAILURE. 4. ROCK SHALL BE REAPPLIED OR REGRADED AS NECESSARY TO THE STABILIZED ENTRANCE/EXIT TO MAINTAIN A CONSISTENT DEPTH. 5. SEDIMENT TRACKED ONTO PAVED ROADS IS TO BE REMOVED THROUGHOUT THE DAY AND AT THE END OF THE DAY BY SHOVELING OR SWEEPING. SEDIMENT MAY NOT BE WASHED DOWN STORM SEWER DRAINS. NOTE; MANY JURISDICTIONS HAVE BMP DETAILS THAT VARY FROM UDFCD STANDARD DETAILS. CONSULT WITH LOCAL JURISDICTIONS AS TO WHICH DETAIL SHOULD BE USED WHEN DIFFERENCES ARE NOTED. (DETAILS ADAPTED FROM CITY OF BROOMFIELD. COLORADO. NOT AVAILABLE IN AUTOCAD) VTC-6 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 APPENDIX D Reporting Chemical Spills in Colorado REPORTING ENVIRONMENTAL RELEASES IN COLORADO OF C�10 r ' o *y T TEN 1876 Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment Hazardous Materials and Waste Management Division (303) 692-3300 January 2009 Purpose of this Guidance This guidance is intended to provide an overview of various reporting requirements for a variety of releases to the environment. Please check all of the possible requirements for reporting. This guidance does not coverall potential release scenarios. This guidance is not intended to modify or replace statutes or regulations, which undergo periodic revisions. In the event of a conflict between this guidance and statutes or regulations, the statutes and regulations govern. Some reporting requirements are complex and overlapping, and this guidance does not go into details of all situations. If a release situation is not described in this guidance, or if clarification is desired, please obtain an official interpretation from the governing agency enforcing the statute or regulation. Table of Contents ContactInformation...................................................................................................................................... ii Colorado Environmental Release Reporting..................................................................................................1 A. Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act(CERCLA)...................1 B. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act(EPCRA).................................................3 Reportable Quantities Under CERCLA and EPCRA............................................................................4 Exceptions and Exclusions.....................................................................................................................5 C. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act(RCRA) ............................................................................7 D. Radiation Control.................................................................................................................................9 E. Clean Water Act...................................................................................................................................9 F. Safe Drinking Water Act ....................................................................................................................10 G. Clean Air Act.....................................................................................................................................10 H. Underground Storage Tanks (USTs) and Aboveground Storage Tanks (ASTs)...............................11 I. Hazardous Materials Transportation....................................................................................................12 J. Oil and Gas Exploration and Production.............................................................................................15 K. Polychlorinated Biphenyls.................................................................................................................16 Abbreviations & Definitions........................................................................................................................17 i Contact Information Release Reporting Numbers National Response Center(NRC) 1 (800) 424-8802 24-hour reporting Colorado Environmental Release and Incident Reporting Line 1 (877) 518-5608 24-hour reporting Radiation Incident Reporting Line (303) 877-9757 24-hour reporting Colorado State Patrol (303) 239-4501 24-hour reporting US EPA Region 8 Emergency Response Spill Report Line 1 (800) 227-8914 24-hour reporting Division of Oil and Public Safety(Dept. of Labor and Employment) (303) 318-8547 Fax (303) 318-8546 Oil and Gas Conservation Commission(Dept. of Natural Resources) (303) 894-2100 Division of Reclamation, Mining and Safety(Dept. of Natural Resources) (303) 866-3567 Colorado Public Utilities Commission Gas Pipeline Safety Section (303) 894-2851 (Dept. of Regulatory Agencies) Local Emergency Planning Committee (Dept. of Local Affairs) (720) 852-6603 Business hours only-to obtain a list of LEPC contacts Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment Mailing Address: Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment 4300 Cherry Creek Drive South Denver, CO 80246-1530 Office Hours: Monday—Friday, except holidays 8:00 am— 5:00 pm Environmental Divisions Air Pollution Control Division (303) 692-3100 Website http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/ap/ Email comments.apcd@state.co.us Consumer Protection Division (303) 692-3620 Website http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/cp/ Email comments.cpd@state.co.us Hazardous Materials and Waste Management Division (303) 692-3300 Website http://www.edphe.state.co.us/hm/ Email comments.hmwmd@state.co.us Water Quality Control Division (303) 692-3500 Website http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/wq/ Email comments.wgcd@state.co.us H Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 Colorado Environmental Release Reporting When a release of a hazardous material or other substance occurs to the environment, there are a number of reporting and notification requirements that must be followed by the company or individual responsible for the release. Environmental releases must be reported to the appropriate authorities so that necessary response actions are taken in a timely fashion to ensure maximum protection of human health and the environment. However,taking appropriate and timely response actions Additional reporting requirements do not relieve you of your responsibility to report a release. may be found registrations, conin tingency and In addition, the responsible party is always liable for any pollution prevention plans, fire damages that may result from a release, and is responsible codes, and local ordinances. for appropriate clean up actions whether or not the release is required to be reported. There is no penalty for over-reporting, but there are for failing to report a release. If you are unsure if a release needs to be reported,the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (the Department) recommends that releases be reported immediately even if the quantity of the release has not yet been determined. Your follow-up report will provide details that explain why the release was or was not reportable. "Release" includes any spilling, leaking,pumping,pouring, emitting, emptying, discharging, injecting, escaping, leaching, dumping, or disposing into the environment, including abandonment or discarding of barrels, containers, and other closed receptacles containing any hazardous substance,pollutant, or contaminant. "Environment" is generally defined as any surface water, ground water, drinking water supply, land surface, subsurface strata, or ambient air. Releases into containment devices and those completely contained within a building or other structure are not releases into the environment as long as the hazardous substance does not volatilize into the ambient air or Most spills and releases are otherwise have the potential to enter the environment (e.g., covered by more than one through the floor or cracks in the floor). Releases of a substance reporting requirement, and all requirements must be met. into a storm drain or sewer, or onto a parking lot or roadway, are 1111 considered to be releases to the environment. Release reporting requirements are based on the type of material released and/or the situation under which the release occurred. Additional reporting requirements may be found in permits, licenses, registrations, contingency and pollution prevention plans, fire codes, and local ordinances. Please check all of the possible requirements for reporting. Most spills and releases are covered by more than one reporting requirement, and ALL requirements must be met. Enforcement action may be taken against those who fail to provide required notifications or reports. A. Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, commonly known as Superfund or CERCLA,provided broad Federal authority to respond directly to releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances that may endanger public health or the environment. This Act also enabled revision of the National Contingency Plan,which provides the guidelines and 1 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 procedures needed to respond to releases and threatened releases of hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants. Under CERCLA, the US EPA was directed to establish reporting quantities for all hazardous substances. The term"hazardous substance" is defined in CERCLA Section 101(14). These are defined by reference to substances that are listed or designated under other environmental statutes. They include: • all hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) listed under Section 112(b) of the Clean Air Act(CAA). Radio-nuclides are hazardous substances because EPA designated them generically as hazardous air pollutants under Section 112(b) of the Clean Air Act. Even though the source of their listing is the Clean Air Act, releases of radionuclides to all media,not just to air, are covered by CERCLA's reporting requirements. • toxic pollutants that are subject to pretreatment standards under Section 307(a) of the Clean Water Act(CWA) and toxic pollutants that present an imminent danger to public health when discharged to waters of the United States as designated under Section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Clean Water Act. All Clean Water Act hazardous substances are CERCLA hazardous substances, but only some CERCLA hazardous substances are Clean Water Act hazardous substances. • wastes that are regulated as listed and/or characteristic Report releases at or above hazardous wastes under the Resource Conservation and the reportable quantity (RQ) Recovery Act (RCRA). This includes thousands of within 24 hours: hazardous wastes that are not specifically listed but that • Hazardous air pollutants exhibit one or more of the characteristics of ignitability, under Section 112(b) of reactivity, corrosivity or toxicity. A material is Clean Air Act considered to be a release of a CERCLA hazardous • Toxic pollutants underSection 307(a) or under substance if the material was a waste prior to release, or if Section 311(b)(2)(A)of the substance is not cleaned up for reuse and thus must be Clean Water Act disposed of as a RCRA hazardous waste after release. 0 RCRA hazardous wastes • any element, compound, mixture solution or substance • Elements, compounds or designated under Section 102 of CERCLA that may substances under Section present substantial danger to public health or welfare or 102 of CERCLA the environment. • any imminently hazardous chemical substance or mixture that EPA has taken action against under Section 7 of the Toxic Substances Control Act(TSCA). Any hazardous chemical substance or mixture that EPA has taken action against under this Act would automatically become a hazardous substance. To date, EPA hasn't designated any hazardous substances under the Toxic Substances Control Act. The person in charge of a facility or vessel must immediately report a release to the National Response Center(NRC) as soon as they have knowledge of a release to the environment of a CERCLA hazardous substance at or above the reportable quantity assigned to that substance within a 24-hour period. If the release is a mixture or solution of hazardous substances, it must be reported if the reportable quantity for any hazardous constituents is met or exceeded. If the responsible party doesn't know the quantity of one or more of the hazardous constituents contained in a mixture or solution,they must report the release if the total amount of the mixture or solution released equals or exceeds the reportable quantity for the hazardous constituent with the lowest reportable quantity. Reporting is also required if a non-CERCLA substance is released into the environment and rapidly degrades into a CERCLA hazardous substance in an amount that equals or exceeds the reportable quantity for the newly formed CERCLA hazardous substance. 2 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 These notification and reporting requirements are included in 40 CFR Part 302. A list of CERCLA hazardous substances is included in Table 302.4 of these regulations. B. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) The Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 reauthorized the Comprehensive Response, Compensation and Liability Act to continue cleanup activities around the country. Several amendments, definitions, clarifications and technical requirements were added to the legislation, including additional enforcement authorities. Title III of the Superfund Amendments also authorized the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act(EPCRA),which established the community's right to information about the chemicals that are stored,used at and/or released from local facilities. It also established a framework for developing emergency plans for responding to releases and reporting requirements for facilities. A list of EPCRA threshold Under this Act, owners or operators of facilities at which a planning quantities (TPQ) is hazardous substance or extremely hazardous substance is produced, included in 40 CFR Part used or stored must provide immediate notification to the National 355 Appendices A& B. Response Center(NRC),the State Emergency Response Commission (SERC) and the affected Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) when there is a release of a hazardous substance or extremely hazardous substance with the potential to affect off-site persons that equals or exceeds its reportable quantity within a 24-hour period. If the release is an EPCRA extremely hazardous substance, but not a CERCLA hazardous substance, then only the SERC and LEPC need to be notified. Note—there may be more than one SERC and/or LEPC potentially affected by a release. Don't wait until there is a release to contact the SERC and LEPC(s) to ensure that the correct contacts will be made in the event of a spill. For a list of LEPCs, contact the Colorado Department of Local Affairs. The owner or operator of the facility must report a release as soon as they know about it. In addition to immediate telephone notification, the responsible party must also send a follow-up written report as soon as practicable after the release to both the State Emergency Response Commission(in this case, to the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment) and the Local Emergency Planning Committee. This report must describe the release, associated response actions taken, and any known or anticipated health risks associated with the release. Although EPCRA requires notification only for A table of CERCLA reportable quantities releases that have the potential to affect persons beyond (RQ) is included in 40 CFR Section 302.4. the facility boundary, EPA and the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment strongly encourage facilities to report onsite releases if there is ANY potential for the release to migrate offsite. The burden of proof is on the facility to show that any release into the environment of a reportable quantity or more of a hazardous substance or extremely hazardous substance has NO POTENTIAL for offsite migration (e.g., via groundwater, the wind or getting tracked offsite by workers and vehicles). The State Emergency Response Commission(SERC) in Colorado is called the Colorado Emergency Planning Commission(CEPC). It consists of representatives of the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment—Hazardous Materials and Waste Management Division, the Colorado Department of Local Affairs—Colorado Division of Emergency Management and the Division of Local Government, the Colorado Department of Public Safety— 3 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 Fire Safety Division, and the Colorado State Patrol. The Commission also includes representatives of affected industries, local governments,public interest or community groups and the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) community. The Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment represents the Commission for reporting purposes. Reportable Quantities Under CERCLA and EPCRA All reportable quantities are listed in pounds (except radionuclides, which are in curies). Congress established a one pound reportable quantity for all hazardous substances and extremely hazardous substances until EPA could evaluate each substance and adjust the reportable quantity to a level more appropriate for the substance. During this assessment, each hazardous substance was evaluated for six primary criteria: aquatic toxicity,mammalian toxicity, ignitability, reactivity, chronic toxicity, and potential carcinogenicity. Reportable quantities for CERCLA hazardous substances are listed in 40 CFR Section 302.4. EPCRA extremely hazardous substances that are also hazardous substances under CERCLA have the same reportable quantity that is applicable under CERCLA. If not also listed as a CERCLA hazardous substance, extremely hazardous substances have a reportable quantity equal to the EPCRA threshold planning quantity(TPQ) for that substance. The threshold planning quantity is the quantity designated for each chemical in 40 CFR Part 355 Appendices A and B that triggers notification by facilities to the State Emergency Response Commission that those facilities are subject to emergency planning requirements. For convenience,reportable quantities for hazardous substances and extremely hazardous substances can also be found in the EPA List of Lists (EPA 550-B-01-003). Bear in mind that because this document is only updated periodically, it may not contain recently added substances. All concurrent releases of the same substance from a single facility must be combined to determine if a reportable quantity has been met or exceeded. Releases of different substances from a single facility should not be combined for purposes of determining if the releases need to be reported. Rather, each substance should be evaluated separately to determine if one or more reportable quantities have been met or exceeded. For example, spilling a mixture containing half the EPCRA extremely hazardous substances that reportable quantity of one hazardous substance and are also CERCLA hazardous substances have half the reportable quantity of another hazardous the same RQ as under CERCLA. substance does not trigger the reporting requirement. Releases from separate facilities EPCRA extremely hazardous substances that should be treated as separate releases and should are not listed under CERCLA have an RQ not be combined to determine if a reportable equal to their TPQ under EPCRA. quantity has been met or exceeded. Mixtures Most hazardous substances and extremely hazardous substances are not used or stored in pure form, but are mixtures or solutions. If a mixture of hazardous substances or extremely hazardous substances is released and the concentration of all hazardous substances and extremely hazardous substances in the mixture is known, then you must calculate the amount of each hazardous substance and extremely hazardous substance that has been released. If there is more than one hazardous substance or extremely hazardous substance in a mixture, you must check the reportable quantity for each substance. The release must be reported if the reportable quantity for any 4 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 hazardous substance or extremely hazardous substance has been met or exceeded. If the concentrations of the hazardous substances or extremely hazardous substances in the mixture are not known, then the release must be reported when the total amount of the mixture released equals or exceeds the reportable quantity for the constituent with the lowest reportable quantity. Radionuclides Releases of radionuclides in a mixture are additive. These releases are subject to reporting: • if each radionuclide in a released mixture or solution is known, then the ratio between the quantity released and the reportable quantity for the radionuclide must be determined for each radionuclide. If the sum of the ratios for the radionuclides in the mixture or solution released is equal to or greater than one, it must be reported. • if all of the radionuclides in the mixture are known but the quantity released of one or more of the radionuclides is unknown, it must be reported if the total quantity released is equal to or greater than the lowest reportable quantity of any one radionuclide in the mixture. • if one or more radionuclides in the mixture is unknown, it must be reported if the total quantity released is equal to or greater than either one curie or the lowest reportable quantity of any of the known radionuclides in the mixture (whichever is lower). Exceptions and Exclusions Petroleum Products Under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), petroleum products are excluded from the definition of hazardous substance. "Petroleum product" includes crude oil, any fraction of crude oil that is not specifically listed as a hazardous substance, natural and synthetic gases, and mixtures of natural and synthetic gases. EPA interprets petroleum as including those amounts of hazardous substances, like benzene, that are indigenous to crude oil or its fractions or A release of a petroleum product that are normally added during the refining process. containing a reportable quantity of Hazardous substances added to the petroleum or increased an EPCRA extremely hazardous substance is reportable. in concentration solely as a result of contamination during use are not included in the petroleum exclusion. Unlike the petroleum exclusion under CERCLA, extremely hazardous substances that are naturally occurring in petroleum products or that are normally added during refining are subject to reporting under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act(EPCRA). Therefore, a release of a petroleum product containing a reportable quantity of one or more extremely hazardous substances is reportable to the Colorado Emergency Planning Commission (CERC) and the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) if a reportable quantity is met or exceeded. The responsible party is always Note: releases of oil and petroleum to water are also covered responsible for appropriate clean under the Clean Water Act(Section E of this document). up actions whether or not the Releases of petroleum from regulated storage tanks are covered release is required to be reported. under the Colorado storage tank regulations (Section H of this document). 5 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 Metals Under normal handling and use, solid forms of most metals present few health hazards. Metal fines and metal dust may cause irritation of the eyes, skin, and respiratory system, and fine particles of certain metals, including antimony, arsenic,beryllium, cadmium,chromium, copper, lead, nickel, selenium, silver, thallium, or zinc, dispersed in the air can be an explosion and/or health hazard. EPA has determined that releases of these metals with particles larger than 100 micrometers would not normally require response action due to the unlikely inhalation of such large particles. However, notification of the release of a reportable quantity of antimony, arsenic,beryllium, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, selenium, silver, thallium, or zinc is required if the mean diameter of the particles released is less than 100 micrometers (0.004 inches). An exception to this is a release of a metal classified as a radionuclide, which does not qualify for this exemption even if the particles meet the size criteria. Naturally Occurring Radionuclides Notification of the release of naturally occurring radionuclides from large land holdings, like parks or golf courses, is not required. EPA broadened this exemption to include land containing ore reserves even if the undisturbed ores contain elevated natural concentrations of radionuclides, and to land disturbance activities including farming, construction, and disturbance incidental to extraction activities at all mines except uranium,phosphate, tin, zircon, hafnium,vanadium, monazite, and rare earth mines. Land disturbance incidental to extraction activities includes land clearing, overburden removal and stockpiling, and excavating, handling, transporting and storing ores and other raw materials. Land disturbance incidental to extraction also includes replacing materials in mined-out areas as long as those materials have not been processed and don't contain elevated radionuclide concentrations. Notification of the release of naturally occurring radionuclides from sites where coal and coal ash (fly ash,bottom ash,boiler slag) are stored or disposed is also not required. Federally Permitted Releases Releases that are regulated under one or more of the following programs are exempt from CERCLA and EPCRA reporting requirements: • permitted discharges under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(NPDES); • permitted dredge and fill discharges under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act; • permitted and interim status hazardous waste units under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; • permitted discharges under the Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act; • permitted injection of fluids under the Underground Injection Control (UIC)program in accordance with the Safe Drinking Water Act; • air emissions subject to permit or control regulations under the Clean Air Act; • permitted or allowed injection of fluids to develop crude oil or natural gas supplies; • discharges of contaminants to Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) if in compliance with pretreatment requirements under the Clean Water Act; • releases of certain nuclear materials if in compliance with a license,permit, regulation or order issued in accordance with the Atomic Energy Act. Registered Pesticides The normal application of a pesticide product registered under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) is exempt from CERCLA and EPCRA reporting. This exemption includes the handling and storage of the product by an agricultural producer,but does not include 6 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 any spills of the pesticide. Pesticide spills are reportable if the amount spilled meets or exceeds the reportable quantity. Continuous Releases A continuous release is a release that occurs without interruption or abatement or that is routine, anticipated, intermittent, and incidental to normal operations or treatment processes. When a release of this type occurs, officials do not have to be notified each time. Instead,the facility can report it as a continuous release to the National Response Center, the Colorado Emergency Planning Commission and the Local Emergency Planning Committees)by telephone. This should be followed by a written report submitted to EPA Region 8, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment and the Local Emergency Planning Committee within 30 days of the initial telephone call. The written report should provide information about the source, composition, and normal range of the release. Periodic follow-up reports may also be required. Any release that exceeds the normal range (called a"statistically significant increase") must be reported immediately to the National Response Center,the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment and the Local Emergency Planning Committee as if they were new release events. The normal range is determined by the amount of a hazardous substance released over any 24-hour period under normal operating conditions during the preceding year. Only releases that are both continuous and stable in quantity and rate can be included in the normal range. Continuous release of an extremely hazardous substance that is not a CERCLA hazardous substance need only be reported to the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment and the Local Emergency Planning Committee. A written report should also be sent to these two agencies within 30 days and any statistically significant increases in the release should be reported to both agencies. Periodic follow-up reports may also be required. C. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) All Resource Conservation and Recovery Act(RCRA) listed and characteristic hazardous wastes are designated as hazardous substances under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act(CERCLA). For more information on listed and characteristic hazardous wastes,please review the Hazardous Waste Identification Guidance Document from the Hazardous Materials and Waste Management Division(http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/hm/hwid.pfd). The reportable quantity for F- and K-listed hazardous wastes is based on the hazardous waste code. If the composition and concentrations of all included constituents is not known, the reportable quantity would be as listed for the waste code in 40 CFR Section 302.4. If the waste is analyzed and the concentrations of ALL of its hazardous constituents are identified, then reportable quantities of the specific constituents can be used to determine when reporting is required. For example, if a release of an F005 listed hazardous waste occurred and the concentrations of the constituents making up the waste were unknown, the reportable quantity would be 100 pounds. If it were known that the F005 waste was comprised of 50%toluene (reportable quantity 1000 pounds) and 50% methyl ethyl ketone (reportable quantity 5000 pounds), then the release would be reported when 2000 pounds of the mixture were released. [Since the reportable quantity for toluene is less than that for methyl ethyl ketone, the amount of toluene released will determine when the release must be reported. Since the mixture is 50%toluene, it would take 2000 pounds of the mixture to meet the reportable quantity of 1000 pounds for toluene.] 7 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 P- and U-listed hazardous wastes are reported based on the reportable quantity for the hazardous substance that the waste is listed for. For example, the reportable quantity for hazardous waste code U122 (formaldehyde) is 100 pounds. For the purposes of release reporting, it doesn't matter if the formaldehyde is used or unused or is the "sole active ingredient" in order to be reportable. (Related note: Colorado's hazardous waste regulations (6 CCR 1007-3) do not include the footnote regarding sole active ingredients. In Colorado, chemicals may have more than one active ingredient and still meet the listing description.) Unlisted hazardous wastes exhibiting the characteristics of All RCRA listed and characteristic ignitability, corrosivity and/or reactivity have a reportable hazardous wastes are designated as hazardous substances under quantity of 100 pounds unless the concentrations of all the CERCLA. constituents in the waste are known. If the waste is analyzed and the concentrations of ALL its hazardous constituents are identified, the reportable quantities of the specific constituents should be used to determine when reporting is required. For example, a corrosive-only waste of unknown composition has a reportable quantity of 100 pounds. If the waste is analyzed to determine that it was a 50%o solution of hydrochloric acid in water, then the reportable quantity of the solution would be 10,000 pounds. [The reportable quantity for hydrochloric acid is 5000 pounds. Therefore it would take 10,000 pounds of the 50% solution to meet the reportable quantity for hydrochloric acid.] Unlisted hazardous wastes that exhibit toxicity have reportable quantities specific to the constituent on which the characteristic of toxicity is based. The reportable quantity applies to the waste itself, not just to the toxic contaminant. If an unlisted hazardous waste exhibits toxicity on the basis of more than one contaminant, the reportable quantity for the waste is the lowest of the reportable quantities for those contaminants. For example, if a waste exhibits toxicity characteristics for the heavy metals lead(DO08) and selenium(DO 10), with reportable quantities of 10 and 100 pounds respectively,the reportable quantity would be 10 pounds of the waste, or the lower of the two reportable quantities. If a waste exhibits a toxicity characteristic and one or more other hazardous waste characteristics,the reportable quantity for that waste is the lowest of the applicable reportable quantities. These notification and reporting requirements are included in 40 CFR Part 302. Permitted and Interim Status Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facilities and Large Quantity Generators of Hazardous Waste Large quantity generators of hazardous waste and hazardous waste treatment, storage and disposal facilities (TSDF) are required to have and implement a contingency plan that describes the actions facility personnel must take in response to fires, explosions, or any unplanned sudden or non- sudden release of hazardous waste or hazardous waste constituents to air, soil, surface water or groundwater at the facility. Whenever there is an imminent or actual emergency situation, appropriate State and local agencies with designated response roles as described in the contingency plan must be notified immediately. Appropriate local authorities and the National Response Center or government official designated as the regional on-scene coordinator must be notified immediately if the facility's emergency coordinator determines that the facility has had a release, fire, or explosion that could threaten human health or the environment outside the facility. A treatment, storage, and disposal facility's permit generally requires reporting to the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment—Hazardous Materials and Waste Management Division of any release, fire or explosion, even if the amount of the release is less than an otherwise reportable quantity. 8 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 The Department and local authorities must be notified when the facility is back in compliance and ready to resume operations. In addition, the facility must send a written report to both the EPA Regional Administrator and the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment within 15 days of any incident that requires implementation of the facility contingency plan. In the case of a release of hazardous waste stored in tanks, the facility must notify the Hazardous Materials and Waste Management Division within 24 hours of a release to the environment of more than one pound. A leak or spill of hazardous waste that is less than or equal to one pound from a tank or tank system does not need to be reported if the release is immediately contained and cleaned up. Within 30 days of the release, a written report must be submitted to the Division. These notification and reporting requirements are included in 6 CCR 1007-3 Sections 264.56 and 265.56 and Sections 264.196(d) and 265.196(d). D. Radiation Control The state of Colorado has specific reporting requirements for stolen, lost or missing licensed or registered sources of radiation. Each licensee or registrant must report to the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment by telephone in the event of lost, stolen or missing licensed or registered radioactive materials, a lost, stolen, or missing radiation machine, releases of radioactive materials, contamination events, and fires or explosions involving radioactive materials. Incidents should be reported to the Radiation Incident Reporting Line. Based on the severity of the event, notification may be required immediately, within 24 hours or within 30 days. A follow-up written report must also be submitted to the Department within 30 days of initial notification. The licensee must also report any Releases of radionuclides are additional substantive information regarding a loss or theft reportable under CERCLA. incident within 30 days after learning of such information. These release and notification requirements are contained in 6 CCR 1007-1 Sections 4.51 - 4.53. E. Clean Water Act The Clean Water Act (CWA) requires the person in charge of a facility or vessel to make an immediate report to the National Response Center of discharges of harmful quantities of oil to navigable waters as soon as they have knowledge of the release. In this case, oil means oil of any kind or in any form including, but not limited to, petroleum, fuel oil, sludge, oil refuse, and oil mixed with wastes other than dredged spoil. Discharges of oil that violate applicable water quality standards and those that cause a film, sheen or discoloration of the surface of the water or adjoining shorelines, or cause a sludge or emulsion to be deposited beneath the surface of the water or on adjoining shorelines must be reported. In effect, this means that any discharge of oil to waters of the United States must be reported to the National Response Center. These release and notification requirements are contained in 40 CFR Part 110. The Clean Water Act (CWA) also requires the person in charge of a facility or vessel to report to the National Response Center the discharge of a designated hazardous substance from the vessel or facility to waters of the United States in quantities that equal or exceed the reportable quantity as soon as they have knowledge of the release. Under the Act, the US EPA was directed to establish reporting quantities for all hazardous substances listed in Table 116.4 A and B (40 CFR Part 116), which were designated as hazardous substances in accordance with Section 311(b)(2)(A) of the 9 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 Clean Water Act. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates as well as any solutions and mixtures containing these substances. Each of these substances is included in the CERCLA list of hazardous substances (40 CFR Part 302 Table 302.4) and is assigned the reportable quantity listed in Table 302.4 for that substance. These release and notification requirements are contained in 40 CFR Parts 116 and 117. Under the Clean Water Act, anyone that has a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)permit must report to the National Response Center within 24 hours of becoming aware of any unanticipated bypasses or upsets that cause an exceedance of the effluent limits in their permit and any violation of their maximum daily discharge limits for any pollutant listed in the permit. A written report must be provided within five days. Other instances of noncompliance must be reported when monitoring reports are submitted. The Clean Water Act also requires all industrial users of Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs) to notify their treatment plant immediately if they have a discharge that could cause problems at the treatment plant. These notification and reporting requirements are included in 40 CFR Parts 122 and 403. State Requirements A spill of any chemical, oil,petroleum product, sewage, etc., which may enter waters of the state of Colorado (which include surface water, ground water, and dry gullies and storm sewers leading to surface water) must be reported immediately to the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. Any accidental discharge to the sanitary sewer system must be reported immediately to the local sewer authority and the affected wastewater treatment plant. If a release occurs at a mining operation,the Division of Reclamation, Mining and Safety should also be notified. For more information regarding State reporting requirements under 25-8-601(2) CRS,please refer to the"Guidance for Reporting Spills under the Colorado Water Quality Control Act and Colorado Discharge Permits" adopted by the Water Quality Control Division. This policy is available at http://www.edphe.state.co.us/op/wgcc/Resource s/Guidance/spillguidance.pdf. F. Safe Drinking Water Act The owner or operator of a public water system(community water systems, non-transient non- community water systems, and transient non-community water systems)must immediately report any credible threat to the water supply system to the Colorado Environmental Release and Incident Reporting Line and to the local emergency manager. The local emergency manager may be the county sheriff or a member of the fire department. A list of local emergency managers is available from the Colorado Department of Local Affairs. G. Clean Air Act Hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) listed in Section 112(b) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) are designated as hazardous substances under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act(CERCLA). Hazardous air pollutants are known or suspected to cause cancer or other serious health effects or adverse environmental effects. Health effects can include immunological, neurological, reproductive, developmental, and respiratory problems. In some cases, hazardous air 10 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 pollutants can be deposited onto soils or other surfaces, where they are taken in by plants and animals and can accumulate in organic tissue or pass up the food chain due to the inability of organisms to process the substance. The release (or air emission) of a hazardous air pollutant that is allowed and less than any limit specified in a facility's air permit is considered to be a federally permitted release. If the facility releases more than is allowed under its air permit within a 24 hour period, the facility must report the release if the quantity released exceeded the facility's permitted level by a reportable quantity or more. For example, if a facility has an air permit that allows the release of 30 pounds of a hazardous substance and that substance has a reportable quantity of 100 pounds,the facility would have to report all releases of 130 pounds or more of that substance. Releases of less than 130 pounds would not need to be reported under CERCLA or EPCRA because even though the facility exceeded its permit limit, the amount released did not exceed the permitted level by its reportable quantity(in this case, 100 pounds) or more. If the air permit does not allow or does not specify the release of a hazardous air pollutant, then releases in excess of the CERCLA/EPCRA reportable quantity for that substance must be reported. Please be aware that other reporting requirements are triggered, however,based on the facility's air permit. The Clean Air Act(CAA)requires that permits for stationary air sources have language requiring prompt reporting of any emergencies, upsets and deviations from what is allowed in the permit. Releases must be reported to the National Response Center and to the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. Contact the Air Pollution Control Division for details on additional air-related requirements that may also apply. Hazardous air pollutants are included in the CERCLA list of hazardous substances in 40 CFR Part 302 and are assigned the reportable quantity listed in Table 302.4 for each substance. State Requirements In the case of excess emissions during an emergency or malfunction, the owner or operator must notify the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment as soon as possible, but no later than noon of the next working day, and provide a written follow-up report to the Air Pollution Control Division by the end of the facility's next reporting period. These notification and reporting requirements are included in 5 CCR 1001-2 Section II.E and 5 CCR 100 1-5, Regulation 3 Part C, Section VII.C. H. Underground Storage Tanks (USTs) and Aboveground Storage Tanks (ASTs) Owners and operators of regulated storage tank systems The reportable quantity for petroleum must report a release or suspected release of regulated from a regulated storage tank system is 25 gallons. substances to the Division of Oil and Public Safety at the Colorado Department of Labor and Employment within 24 hours by telephone or facsimile. If outside normal working hours or on a weekend or holiday and emergency assistance is needed, the release can be reported to the Colorado Environmental Release and Incident Reporting line at the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. Any suspected release or release of unknown quantity is a reportable quantity unless the owner/operator can conclusively show the release is less than the reportable quantity for the released substance. 11 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 Under this program, the reportable quantity for petroleum releases is 25 gallons or more from regulated aboveground and underground storage tank systems, or any amount that causes a sheen on nearby surface water. This is interpreted to include releases from fuel pumps and fuel delivery trucks while connected to the petroleum storage tank system. Releases of less than 25 gallons from regulated petroleum storage tank systems, or a release of a hazardous substance that is less than the CERCLA reportable quantity, do not need to be reported to the Division of Oil and Public Safety if they are immediately contained and cleaned up. If cleanup cannot be accomplished within 24 hours, the Division of Oil and Public Safety must be notified immediately. Spills or releases of hazardous substances in excess of the CERCLA reportable quantity from regulated underground storage tanks must also be reported to the National Response Center and the local fire authority immediately. Any release, regardless of quantity, that has or may impact waters of the state (including surface water, groundwater, dry gullies leading to surface water or storm sewers)must also be reported to the Colorado Environmental Release and Incident Reporting line immediately. These notification and reporting requirements are included in 7 CCR 1101-14 Article 4, 8-20.5-208 CRS and 25-8-601 CRS. I. Hazardous Materials Transportation Highway, Aircraft, Rail and Vessel Federal hazardous materials transportation regulations cover the transportation of hazardous materials by highway, aircraft, rail, and vessel. Transportation includes activities related to transportation like loading, unloading, and temporary storage. "Hazardous material" includes hazardous substances,hazardous wastes, marine pollutants, elevated temperature materials as defined in 49 CFR Section 171.8, materials designated as hazardous in the Hazardous Materials Table in 49 CFR Section 172.101 and materials that meet the criteria for hazardous classes and division in 49 CFR Part 173. The person in physical possession of the hazardous material during transportation must notify the National Response Center as soon as practical,but not more than 12 hours after an incident, if as a direct result of a hazardous material: • a person is killed or is injured and requires hospitalization, • there is an evacuation of the general public that lasts more than an hour, • a major transportation artery or facility is shut down for an hour or more, • the operational flight pattern or routine of an aircraft is altered, • there is fire,breakage, spillage, or suspected contamination involving a radioactive material, • there is fire, breakage, spillage, or suspected contamination involving an infectious substance other than a regulated medical waste, • there is a release of a marine pollutant in a quantity exceeding 119 gallons for liquids or 882 pounds for solids, • or any situation that, in the judgment of the person in possession of the hazardous material, should be reported even though it doesn't meet the above criteria. Notice of incidents involving an infectious substance may be given to the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1-800-232-0124) instead of notifying the National Response Center. 12 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 The person in possession of the hazardous material at the time of the incident must submit a written report within 30 days of the incident to the US Department of Transportation. In addition, a written report must be submitted if there is an unintentional release of a hazardous material or the discharge of any quantity of hazardous waste even though verbal notification may not be required. If the incident involves air transportation, a copy of the report must also be submitted to the Federal Aviation Administration Security Field Office nearest the location of the incident. These notification and reporting requirements are included in 49 CFR Sections 171.15 and 171.16. State Requirements The State also has specific requirements for reporting incidents involving hazardous materials or nuclear materials as cargo during transportation. The driver of a motor vehicle involved in a spill of hazardous material from a fuel tank that provides fuel for the vehicle and/or equipment on that vehicle must immediately notify the nearest law enforcement agency. The driver of a vehicle transporting nuclear or hazardous materials as cargo that is involved in a spill, or an incident which may result in a potential spill,must immediately notify the nearest law enforcement agency. As soon as possible after the initial notification of the spill or incident to the nearest law enforcement agency, the driver or a company representative must notify the Colorado State Patrol and the 24- hour Colorado Environmental Release and Incident Reporting Line. In addition, the driver of a motor vehicle transporting nuclear materials as cargo must immediately notify the Colorado State Patrol if the vehicle is involved in a crash, whether or not there is damage to the vehicle. If the incident involves the release of hazardous Report releases along a highway to the waste, the transporter must notify the Colorado National Response Center, nearest local Department of Public Health and Environment and law enforcement agency, Colorado State report the ultimate disposition of the waste to the Patrol, and Colorado Environmental Department in addition to the notifications above. In Release and Incident Reporting Line. the event of a spill of hazardous waste at a transfer facility, the transporter must notify the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment within 24 hours of a spill exceeding 55 gallons or if there is a fire or explosion. A written report must be sent to the Department within 15 days after the incident. These notification and reporting requirements are included in 8 CCR 1507-25 Parts I and IV and 6 CCR 1007-3 Part 263. Pipelines In Colorado, the US Department of Transportation Office of Pipeline Safety inspects, regulates, and enforces interstate gas pipeline safety requirements. They also inspect, regulate, and enforce both intra- and interstate liquid pipeline safety requirements in this state. Through certification by the Office of Pipeline Safety, the Gas Pipeline Safety Division of the Colorado Public Utilities Commission regulates, inspects, and enforces intrastate gas pipeline safety requirements. Pipeline facilities include transmission, distribution,regulated gathering, master metered, liquefied natural gas, and propane gas systems. Be aware that these regulations are primarily for pipeline safety. Be sure to review other environmental release reporting requirements. Hazardous Liquids and Carbon Dioxide 13 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 Federal hazardous materials transportation regulations cover the transportation of hazardous liquids and carbon dioxide by pipeline. In this case, hazardous liquid is limited to petroleum,petroleum products, and anhydrous ammonia in a non-gaseous state. Petroleum includes crude oil, condensate,natural gasoline,natural gas liquids, and liquefied petroleum gas. Petroleum product includes flammable, toxic or corrosive products obtained from distilling and processing of crude oil, unfinished oils, natural gas liquids,blend stocks, and other miscellaneous hydrocarbon compounds. As early as practicable following discovery of a release of a hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide from a pipeline system, the operator must notify the National Response Center by telephone if. • a person is killed or is injured and requires hospitalization, • there is a fire or explosion not intentionally set by the operator, • there is estimated property damage (including cost of cleanup and recovery,value of lost product, and damage to property) exceeding $50,000, • there is pollution of any stream, river, reservoir, or other body of water that violated applicable water quality standards, caused a discoloration of the surface of the water or adjoining shoreline, or deposited a sludge or emulsion beneath the surface of the water or adjoining shoreline, or • there is any situation that, in the judgment of the operator, should be reported even though it doesn't meet the above criteria. A written accident report must be submitted to the US Department of Transportation Office of Pipeline Safety as soon as practicable,but not later than 30 days after discovery of a release. A supplemental report must be submitted within 30 days if the operator receives any updates or additions to the information originally reported. These notification and reporting requirements are included in 49 CFR Part 195. Natural Gas and Liquefied Natural Gas Federal hazardous materials transportation regulations also cover the transportation of natural gas by pipeline and activities occurring at a liquefied natural gas (LNG) facility where natural and synthetic gas are liquefied, transferred or stored. As early as practicable following discovery of a release of gas from a pipeline or of liquefied natural gas or gas from a liquefied natural gas facility, but generally not to exceed two hours after discovery, the operator must notify the National Response Center and the Colorado Public Utilities Commission Gas Pipeline Safety Section by telephone i£ • a person is killed or is injured and requires hospitalization, • there is estimated property damage(including value of lost product and damage to property) of$50,000 or more, • there is an event that results in an emergency shutdown of a liquefied natural gas facility, or • there is any situation that, in the judgment of the operator, should be reported even though it doesn't meet the above criteria. As early as practicable, but not later than 30 days after discovery and verbal report of a release, the operator must submit a written report to the US Department of Transportation Office of Pipeline Safety. A supplemental report must be submitted within 30 days if the operator receives relevant updates or additions to the information originally reported. 14 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 These notification and reporting requirements are included in 49 CFR Part 191 and 4 CCR 723-4 Sections 4900 -4914. State Requirements If there is a leak on a gas pipeline, a liquefied natural gas system, a master meter system, or a propane system that results in the evacuation of 50 or more people from a normally occupied building or results in the closure of a roadway, the operator must contact the Colorado Public Utilities Commission Gas Pipeline Safety Section by telephone within two hours of discovery. This notification requirement is contained in 4 CCR 723-4 Section 4911. J. OR and Gas Exploration and Production Federal oil and gas lease surface operations are managed by the US Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management(BLM) in cooperation with the appropriate Federal surface management agency or non-Federal surface owner. On National Forest System lands, the Forest Service has approval authority for the surface use portion of Federal oil and gas operations and for appeals related to Forest Service decisions and approvals. The BLM considers the Bureau of Indian Affairs to be the surface management agency for all Indian lands unless a Tribe has contracted the Bureau of Indian Affairs realty function for its lands. "... All spills or leakages of oil, gas, salt water, toxic liquids or waste materials, blowouts, fires, personal injuries, and fatalities shall be reported by the operator to the BLM and the surface management agency in accordance with the requirements of Notice to Lessees NTL-3A;Reporting of Undesirable Events, and in accordance with any applicable local requirements. The BLM requires immediate reporting of all Class I major events, such as spills of more than 100 barrels of fluid/500 MCF of gas released; fires that consume 100 bbl or more oil or 500 MCF gas; life threatening or fatal injury/loss of well control; release of reportable quantities of hazardous substances; spill,venting, or fire in sensitive areas, such as parks,recreation sites,wildlife refuges, lakes, reservoirs, streams, and urban or suburban areas" ... "Volumes discharged during any of the above incidents will be estimated as necessary. Operators must take immediate action to prevent and control spills and the BLM, the surface management agency, and other applicable regulatory authorities must be consulted prior to treating or disposing of wastes and spills. Operators should become familiar with local surface management agency requirements for reporting and managing spills and leaks. ..." (BLM"The Gold Book,"Fourth Edition, Revised 2007) State Requirements Spills and releases of Exploration and Production (E&P)waste and produced fluids should be controlled and contained immediately upon discovery. Impacts resulting from spills and releases should be investigated and cleaned up as soon as practicable. The rules and regulations for oil and If there is a spill or release of more than 20 barrels of gas exploration and production have E&P waste, it must be verbally reported to the Colorado recently been revised. Most of these Oil and Gas Conservation Commission(COGCC) as soon changes become effective May 1, as practicable, but not more than 24 hours after discovery. 2009 on federal land and April 1, 2009 If there is a spill or release of any size that impacts or on all other land. 15 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 could impact waters of the state, a residence or an occupied structure, livestock or a public byway, it must be verbally reported to the Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission as soon as practicable,but not more than 24 hours after discovery. Spills or releases of any size that impact or threaten to impact any surface water supply area must be reported to the Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and to the Colorado Environmental Release and Incident Reporting Line. If the release impacts or threatens to impact a surface water intake, it must be verbally reported to the emergency contact for that facility immediately after discovery. The operator must notify the affected surface owner or their appointed tenant of all reportable spills as soon as practicable,but not more than 24 hours after discovery. Chemical spills and releases must be reported in accordance with all applicable state and federal laws, including the Emergency Planning and community Right-to-Know Act(EPCRA), the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act(CERCLA), the Oil Pollution Act, and the Clean Water Act. Releases of more than 5 barrels of E&P waste, and all other reportable releases, must also be reported on COGCC Form 19 and submitted to the Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission within 10 days after discovery of the release. These notification requirements are contained in the Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission 900-Series Rules. K. Polychlorinated Biphenyls Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are managed under the Toxic Substances Control Act. Substances with concentrations greater than or equal to 50 parts per million PCBs are regulated under 40 CFR Part 761, which is implemented by the US Environmental Protection Agency. If a spill of the substance directly contaminates surface water, sewers, drinking water supplies, grazing lands, or vegetable gardens and/or the spill exceeds 10 pounds of PCBs by weight, the responsible party must notify the EPA within 24 hours. In Colorado, contact the Region 8 Emergency Response Spill Report Line. If the spill involves 10 pounds or less of PCBs and does not involve any of these resources, the spill must still be cleaned up,but notification to EPA isn't required. Unless commingled with a hazardous waste, releases of substances containing less than 50 parts per million PCBs are regulated under Colorado's solid waste regulations 6 CCR 1007-2. The solid waste regulations do not have specific release reporting requirements at this time. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act(CERCLA) has set the reportable quantity for PCBs at one (1)pound. Any release of oil or other substance containing greater than or equal to one pound of PCBs must be reported to the National Response Center as soon as the release is discovered. In addition, if the release impacts waters of the state of Colorado, the release must be reported as per the Water Quality Control Division's reporting policy(see "Guidance for Reporting Spills under the Colorado Water Quality Control Act and Colorado Discharge Permits", http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/op/wgcc/Resources/Guidance/spillguidance.pdf). 16 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 Abbreviations & Definitions CAA—Clean Air Act CCR—Code of Colorado Regulations CDPHE—Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment CEPC—Colorado Emergency Planning Commission CERCLA—Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act CFR—Code of Federal Regulations CRS—Colorado Revised Statues CWA—Clean Water Act EPA—United States Environmental Protection Agency EPCRA—Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act LEPC—Local Emergency Planning Committee NRC—National Response Center RCRA—Resource Conservation and Recovery Act SERC— State Emergency Response Commission SDWA— Safe Drinking Water Act EPA's List of Lists is a compendium of the lists of chemicals subject to reporting requirements under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act(EPCRA),the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act(CERCLA) and chemicals listed under section 112(r) of the Clean Air Act(CAA). Lists are also provided of Resource Conservation and Recovery Act(RCRA)hazardous wastes and radionuclides reportable under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act. These lists should be used as reference tools, not as a definitive source of compliance information. Reporting requirements for the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act are published in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), 40 CFR Parts 302 and 355 respectively. Compliance information for the Clean Air Act section 112(r) is published in 40 CFR Part 68. The List of Lists is available on the Internet at http://yosemite.epa.gov/oswer/lol.nsf/homepage. Exploration and production (E&P) wastes are associated with operations to locate or remove oil or gas from the ground or to remove the impurities from oil or gas. Extremely Hazardous Substances (EHS) are chemicals that present the most serious hazards during release (in terms of toxicity, reactivity,volatility, combustibility, and flammability) and are regulated under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act(EPCRA). The extremely hazardous substances list consists of approximately 360 substances and is included in EPA's List of Lists. Facility means any building, equipment, structure, installation, containment structure,pipe, other stationary feature, motor vehicle, rolling stock, or aircraft. Facility also includes any site where a hazardous substance is or has been located. Hazardous Materials are chemicals posing a hazard to human health or the environment when transported(49 USC 5103). They include hazardous substances,hazardous wastes,marine pollutants, elevated temperature materials, all materials in the Hazardous Materials Table (49 CFR 172.101), and materials meeting the criteria for hazard classes in part 173 of subchapter C of 49 CFR 172.101. 17 Reporting Environmental Releases in Colorado January 2009 Hazardous Substances are chemicals posing a hazard to human health or the environment and are regulated under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA). The hazardous substance list is included in EPA's List of Lists. Reportable Quantity(RQ) is a term that applies to the amount of hazardous substances or extremely hazardous substances released within a 24-hour period. Note that the 24-hour period is the time frame for measuring the quantity released, not the time frame for reporting a release. Threshold Planning Quantity (TPQ) is a term that applies to the amount of an extremely hazardous substance that must be present onsite in concentrations greater than 1%o by weight of a compound or mixture at which the facility must meet all emergency planning requirements. If not also listed as a CERCLA hazardous substance, extremely hazardous substances have a reportable quantity equal to the threshold planning quantity for that substance. "Waters of the State of Colorado" are any and all surface waters and subsurface waters (groundwater) that are contained in or flow in or through the state of Colorado. This includes lakes, rivers, streams, creeks, wetlands, irrigation ditches, storm drains, livestock ponds,borrow ditches, and dry gullies. This does not include waters in sewage systems, waters in treatment works of disposal systems, waters in potable water distribution systems, or water withdrawn for use until use and treatment have been completed. 18 APPENDIX E EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL INSPECTION FORM E STORMWATER MANAGEMENT FIELD INSPECTION REPORT (6) REASON(S) FOR INSPECTION REQUIRED 14 CALENDAR DAY INSPECTION FOR SITE (1) DATE OF PROJECT INSPECTION ACTI`:'ITIES. ❑ REQUIRED RUNOFF EVENT INSPECTION FOR ACTIVE SITES. (2) PROJECT CONTRACTOR ❑ REQUIRED 30 DAY CALENDAR DAY INSPECTION FOR COMPLETED PROJECTS. (3) NAME AND TITLE OF PERSON MAKING INSPECTION ❑ COMPLAINT: (4) PROJECT NAME OTHER: (5) PROJECT NUMBER (7) CONSTRUCTION SITE ASSESSMENT (a) IS THE SITE PERIMETER CONTAINED? (Y/N) (d) ARE AREAS USED FOR MATERIAL AND WASTE STORAGE CONTAINED? (Y/N) (b) IS OFFSITE TRACKING MINIMIZED? (Y%N) (E) ESTIMATE OF DISTURBED AREA AT TIME OF INSPECTION. ACRES (c) ARE DISTURBED ARES CONTAINED? (Y/N) (c) ARE AREAS THAT HAVE ACHIEVED FINAL GRADE PERMANENTLY STABILIZED WITHIN 7 DAYS? (Y/N) (8) SWMP MANAGEMENT (a) ANY CHANGES TO THE SWHP DURING CONSTRUCTION? (Y/N) (b) ARE CHANGES NOTED ON THE PLANS? (Y/N) BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (BMP) BMPs (9) REQ'D USED REASON FOR BMP CHANGES MAINTENANCE BMP ACTION COMPLIANCE REQUIRED Y/N ITEAI(S) DATE FOR EROSION CONTROL (10) (10) (11) (12) (13) ACTION(S) (14) SEEDING MULCHING EROSION CONTROL BLANKETS CHECK DAMS TURF REINF. MATS BERM/ DIVERSION EMBANKI,IENT PROTECTOR OUTLET PROTECTION OTHER: TST,INC.CONSULTING L14GINEERS BPJPs (9) REQ'D USED REASON FOR BI•AP CHANGES MAINTENANCE BMP ACTION COMPLIANCE REQUIRED Y/N ITEM(S) DATE FOR SEDIMENT CONTROL (10) (10) (11) (12) (13) CTION(S) (14) STORM DRAIN INLET PROTECTION SILT FENCE SEDIMENT TRAP SEDIMENT BASIN CONSTRUCTION ENTERANCES DEWATERING STRUCTURE OTHER: MATERIALS HANDLING, SPILL PREVENTION, WASTE MANGEMENT AND GENERAL POLLUTION PREVENTION STOCKPILE MANAGEMENT MATERIALS MANAGEMENT SPILL PERVENTION AND CONTROL CONCRETE WASTE SOLID WASTE SANITARY AND SPETIC WASTE �.EHICLE AND EQIP. MANGEMENT STREET SWEEPING AND VACUUMING WIND EROSION CONTROL OTHER: (15) INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROGRAM COMPLIANCE ASSESMENT REGULAR INSPECTIONS AT LEAST EVERY 14 CALENDER DAYS. COURSE OF ACTION: REGULAR INSPECTIONS PREFORMED AFTER RUNOFF EVENTS. ❑ REGULAR INSPECTIONS PREFORMED AT LEAST EVERY 30 DAYS SINCE PROJECT COMPLETION INSPECTION REPORTS RETAINED AT THE PROJECT SITE. Lj CORRECTIVE MEASURES COMPLETED WITHIN 7 CALENDAR DAYS OF INSPECTION CERTIFICATION: I CERTIFY THIS STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN FIELD INSPECTION REPORT IS COMPLETE AND ACCURATE. EROSION CONTROL SUPERVISOR DATE GENERAL NOTES Inspection Report/Records — The permittee shall keep a record of inspections. Inspection reports must identify any incidents of non—compliance with the terms and conditions of this permit. Inspection records must be retained for three years from expiration or inactivation of permit coverage. At o minimum, the inspection report must include: i) The inspection date; ii) Nome(s) and title(s) of personnel making the inspection; iii) Locotion(s) of discharges of sediment or other pollutants from the site; iv) Locotion(s) of BMPs that need to be maintained; v) Location(s) of BMPs that foiled to operate as designed or proved inadequate for a particular location; vi) Locotion(s) where additional BMPs are needed that were not in place at the time of inspection; vii) Deviations from the minimum inspection schedule as provided in Part I.D.6.o above; vii) Description of corrective action for items iii, iv, v, and vi, above, dates corrective action(s) token, and measures taken to prevent future violations, including requisite changes to the SWMP, as necessary; and viii) After adequate corrective action(s) has been token, or where a report does not identify any incidents requiring corrective action, the report shall contain a signed statement indicating the site is in compliance with the permit to the best of the signer's knowledge and belief. Required Actions Following Site Inspections —Where site inspections note the need for BMP maintenance activities, BMPs must be maintained in accordance with the SWMP and Part I.D.7 of the permit. Repair, replacement, or installation of new BMPs determined necessary during site inspections to address ineffective or inadequate BMPs must be conducted in accordance with Port I.D.8 of the permit. SWfdP updates required as a result of deficiencies in the SWMP noted during site inspections shall be mode in accordance with Part I.D.5.c of the permit. Stormwoter Management Plan Field Inspection Report Instructions 1. Date of Project Inspection: Indicate the date of the inspection. 2. Project Contractor: Indicate the name of the contractor performing the work being inspected. 3. Name and title of person making inpsection: Indicate the name of the inspector designated by the contractor. 4. Project Nome: Indicate the name of the project for which the report is being completed. 5. Project Number: Indicate the project number of the project for which the report is being completed. 6. Reoson(s) for Inspection: Indicate the purpose for the inspection. These inspections are required to comply with the Colorado Discharge Permit System (CDPS)Generol Stormwoter Discharge Permit for Construction Activities. The t pes of inspections include the following: r "Required 14 Calendar Day Inspection for Active Sites". These inspections ore required at least every 14 calendar days during the life of the construction project. Suspended projects require the 14 calendar day inspection unless snow cover exists for an extended time over a project area and melting conditions do not exists. C "Required Runoff Event Inspection for Active Sites". These inspections ore required after any precipitation or snowmelt event that causes surface runoff. C "Required 30 Day Inspection for Completed Projects". These inspections ore required at least every 30 colendor days following the completion of the construction project. C Specify complaint issue(s) that resulted in the inspection. r Specify any other reasons) that resulted in the inspection. 7. Construction Site Assessment: Inspect the assessment areas of the construction site and indicate with a "Y" the project areas where BMP features have been successfully implemented. For each component of the assessment, questions have been developed to assist in determining successful BMP implementation. a. "Is the construction site perimeter contained?" — Are the appropriate BMPs in place and offsite sediment tracking minimized? There is no evidence of pollutants ore entering a storm drainage system? b. "Is offsite tracking minimized?" — Is a significant amount of dirt or mud being tracked onto paved surfaces? c. "Are disturbed areas contained?" — Are the appropriate BMPs implemented to minimize erosion or sediment tracking from the disturbed areas? There is no evidence of pollutants ore entering a storm drainage system? d. "Are areas used for material and waste storage and fueling contained?" — Are the appropriate BMPs implemented to prevent and contain spills? Are wastes removed from the site and disposed of properly? Are the storage areas located at least 50 feet from a watercourse? There is no evidence of pollutants are entering a storm drainage system? e. Provide an estimate of the disturbed area at the time of the inspection. f. Indicate whether or not areas that have achieved final grade have been permanently stabilized within 7 days. 8. SWMP Management: Indicate whether changes have been made to the SWMP during construction. 9. BMPs: The BMPs shown may not be a complete list of what is required by the SWMP or implemented on site . Add to the form any additional BMPs that are required or in place. Additional sheets can be inserted to show all the BMPs required by the SWMP. 10. BMPs Required/Used: This column can be used as follows: C If the BMP is required by the SWMP and implemented, indicate by placing a ® in both the "Required" and "Used" columns. C If the BMP is required by the SWMP, but not implemented, indicate by placing a 00 in the "Required" column. Indicate the reason for the change in column (11), "Reason for BMP Changes". C If the BMP has been added to the SWMP, indicate with a IM in the "Used " column. Indicate the reason for the change in column (11), "Reason for BMP Changes". 11. Reason for BMP Changes: Indicate the reason(s) for the deletion, addition, or modification of BMP(s) to the SWMP. 12. Maintenance Required: Indicate whether BMP maintenance or sediment removal is required with a Yes or No. If maintenance and sediment removal is required, indicate what the action plan is in column (13), "BMP Action Item(s)". 13. BMP Action Items: If maintenance and/or sediment removal is required, describe the action plan. 14, Compliance Dote for Action(s): Indicate the date on which the course of action shall be completed. The course of action must be completed in a timely manner, but in no case more than 7 days after the inspection. 15. Inspections and Maintenance Program Compliance Assessment: Evaluate the inspection and maintenance aspect of the construction project and check all that apply with a M. Note the action items for any deficiencies in the Program. APPENDIX F Inactivation and Reassignment Forms ICOL O R D ,OA , . FOR DIVIISION USE ONLY Department of Public � • i•'s '" Health& Envirorunent Dedicated to protecting and improving the health and environment of the people of Colorado Effective date COLORADO WATER QUALITY CONTROL DIVISION CDPS PERMIT TERMINATION APPLICATION Print or type all information. Mail original form with ink signature to the following address. Emailed and Faxed forms will not be accepted. All items must be filled out completely and correctly. If the form is not complete, you will be asked to resubmit it. Colorado Dept of Public Health and Environment Water Quality Control Division WQCD-P-B2 4300 Cherry Creek Drive South Denver CO 80246-1530 PART A. IDENTIFICATION OF PERMIT OR AUTHORIZATION - Please limit submission to one permit, certification, or authorization per form. All permit termination dates are effective on the date approved by the division. Processing times vary by type of discharge. Some discharge types require onsite inspections to verify information in this application. PERMIT, CERTIFICATION, OR AUTHORIZATION NUMBER (DOES NOT END IN 0000) PART B. PERMITTEE INFORMATION Company Name Legal Contact First Name Last Name Title Mailing Address City State Zip Code Phone Email address PART C. FACILITY OR PROJECT INFORMATION Facility/Project name Location/Address City County Local contact name Title Phone Email address PART D. TERMINATION INFORMATION QUESTIONS Provide information for Part D that applies to your facility and termination request. Not all questions need to be answered- only the part that applies to your facility. Part D1 covers facilities no longer in operation. (non-mining) Part D2 covers mining facilities no longer in operation Part D3 covers facilities in operation but no longer discharging or needing permit coverage. Part D4 covers Stormwater Construction facilities where construction is complete and the site is stabilized. "Please answer questions as completely as possible to assist in timely approval of this termination request.* ❑ D1. FACILITY IS NO LONGER IN OPERATION AT THIS LOCATION (non-mining) All activities and discharges at the identified site have ceased; all potential pollutant sources have been removed; all industrial wastes have been disposed of properly; all DMR's, Annual Reports, and other reports have been submitted; and all elements of a Stormwater Management Plan have been completed (if this applies). **FOR LAGOONS: please reference "information reQardinQ Domestic Treatment Works Closure at Wastewater Treatment Facilities" Page 1 of 3 March 2019 COLORADO WATER QUALITY CONTROL DIVISION TERMINATION APPLICATION www.coloradowaterpermits.com D2. MINING FACILITY IS NO LONGER IN OPERATION AT THIS LOCATION. Sand and Gravel, Coal or Hard Rock Mining A. Mining operation is no longer discharging process/treated water. Bond has not been released by DRMS. A stormwater only permit is requested at this time. Attach application for Stormwater Only permit. B. Reclamation of mining site is completed. Bond has been red by DRMS. ❑YES Attach a copy of the Bond release letter. ONO Explain below: ❑ C. Reclamation of mining site is complete. Any remaining mine drainage meets WQP-1 criteria (Permit tivation Policy Where a Discharge Remains) for termination (e.g. Adit, seeps, or spoils springs)? YES, Please explain, attach additional pages as necessary. D3. FACILITY IS STILL IN OPERATION BUT IS NO LONGER DISCHARGING OR NO LONGER NEEDS A PERMIT ❑A. Facility continues to operate, however the activity producing the discharge has ceased (including changes in SIC Code resulting in change in duty to apply). ❑B. Termination is based on alternate disposal of discharges (discharge is being disposed of in another way) or alternate coverage requirements: a. Solid waste disposal unit (e.g. evaporative ponds) b. No Exposure Exclusion (for industrial stormwater facilities only.) NOX Number c. Combined with another authorized discharge. Permit Number d. Facility is replacing a permitted discharge with 100% reclaimed water under Regulation 84 - Reclaimed Water Control Regulation. *Please attach a completed "Termination Application Supplemental Information Form for Transitioning a Permitted Discharge to 100% Reclaimed Water." e. Permit is not required (e.g., covered by low risk policy, requested permit inactivation where discharge remains) - please explain, attach additional pages if necessary ❑ C. PERMITTEE IS NO LONGER THE OWNER/OPERATOR OF THE SITE and all efforts have been made to transfer the permit to appropriate parties. Please attach copies of registered mail receipts, letters, etc. D4. STORMWATER CONSTRUCTION FACILITIES WHERE CONSTRUCTION IS COMPLETE (Select A, B, or C) ❑ A. SITE IS FINALLY STABILIZED OR CONSTRUCTION WAS NOT STARTED a. The permitted activities meet the requirements for FINAL stabilization in accordance with the permit, the Stormwater Management Plan, and as described in item b. (explanation can be construction activities were not started). b. Describe the methods used to meet final stabilization. (Required)`Final Stabilization defined on page 3 Page 2 of 3 March 2019 COLORADO WATER QUALITY CONTROL DIVISION TERMINATION APPLICATION www.coloradowaterpermits.com D4. STORMWATER CONSTRUCTION FACILITIES WHERE CONSTRUCTION IS COMPLETE (Continued) ❑ B. ALTERNATIVE PERMIT COVERAGE OR FULL REASSIGNMENT a. All ongoing construction activities including all disturbed areas, covered under the permit certification listed in Part B have coverage under a separate CDPS Stormwater Construction permit. The Division's Reassignment form was used by the permittee to reassign all areas and activities. b. Permit certification number covering the ongoing activities (Required) ❑ C. PERMITTEE IS NO LONGER THE OWNER OR OPERATOR OF THE FACILITY All efforts have been made to transfer the permit to appropriate parties. Please attach copies of registered mail receipt, letters, etc. *Final stabilization is reached when: all ground surface disturbing activities at the site have been completed including removal of all temporary erosion and sediment control measure, and uniform vegetative cover has been established with an individual plant density of at least 70 percent of predisturbance levels, or equivalent permanent, physical erosion reduction methods have been employed. PART E. CERTIFICATION SIGNATURE REQUIRED FOR ALL TERMINATION REQUESTS I certify under penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction and/or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system, or those individuals immediately responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations. "(See 18 USC 1001 and 33 USC 1319) 1 certify that I am the legal representative of the above named company (PART B page 1). ❑ Applies to Stormwater Construction terminations: I understand that by submitting this notice of termination, I am no longer authorized to discharge stormwater associated with construction activity by the general permit. I understand that discharging pollutants in stormwater associated with construction activities to the waters of the State of Colorado, where such discharges are not authorized by a CDPS permit, is unlawful under the Colorado Water Quality Control Act and the Clean Water Act. Signature of Legally Responsible Party Date Signed Name (printed) Title Signatory requirements: This termination request shall be signed, dated, and certified for accuracy by the permittee in accord with the following criteria: 1. In the case of a corporation, by a principal executive officer of at least the level of vice-president, or his or her duly authorized representative, if such representative is responsible for the overall operation of the operation from which the discharge described herein originates; 2. In the case of a partnership, by a general partner; 3. In the case of a sole proprietorship, by the proprietor; 4. In the case of a municipal, state, or other public operation, by either a principal executive officer, ranking elected official, or other duly authorized employee. Page 3 of 3 March 2019 APPENDIX G Soil Information USDA United States A product of the National Custom Soil Resource Department of Cooperative Soil_ Survey,Agriculture a joint effort of the United Report for N States Department of RCS Agriculture and other Larimer County Federal agencies, State Natural agencies including the Resources Agricultural Experiment Area, Colorado Conservation Stations, and local Service participants 0 900 ft July 24, 2024 Preface Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas. They highlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information about the properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for many different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers. Also, conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand, protect, or enhance the environment. Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose special restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions. The information is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations. Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some cases. Examples include soil quality assessments (http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/ portal/nres/main/soils/health/) and certain conservation and engineering applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center (https://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nres)or your NRCS State Soil Scientist (http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/soils/contactus/? cid=nres142p2_053951). Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to basements or underground installations. The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey. Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is available through the NRCS Web Soil Survey, the site for official soil survey information. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require 2 alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.)should contact USDA's TARGET Center at(202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice)or(202)720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. 3 Contents Preface....................................................................................................................2 How Soil Surveys Are Made..................................................................................5 SoilMap.................................................................................................................. 8 SoilMap................................................................................................................9 Legend................................................................................................................10 MapUnit Legend................................................................................................ 11 MapUnit Descriptions.........................................................................................11 Larimer County Area, Colorado...................................................................... 13 35—Fort Collins loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes.............................................. 13 36—Fort Collins loam, 3 to 5 percent slopes.............................................. 14 95—Satanta loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes.................................................... 15 98—Satanta Variant clay loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes.................................17 Soil Information for All Uses...............................................................................19 Soil Properties and Qualities.............................................................................. 19 Soil Qualities and Features.............................................................................19 HydrologicSoil Group................................................................................. 19 References............................................................................................................24 4 How Soil Surveys Are Made Soil surveys are made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous areas in a specific area. They include a description of the soils and miscellaneous areas and their location on the landscape and tables that show soil properties and limitations affecting various uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length, and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They observed and described many soil profiles. A soil profile is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The profile extends from the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the soil formed or from the surface down to bedrock. The unconsolidated material is devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not been changed by other biological activity. Currently, soils are mapped according to the boundaries of major land resource areas (MLRAs). MLRAs are geographically associated land resource units that share common characteristics related to physiography, geology, climate, water resources, soils, biological resources, and land uses (USDA, 2006). Soil survey areas typically consist of parts of one or more MLRA. The soils and miscellaneous areas in a survey area occur in an orderly pattern that is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the area. Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind of landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a concept, or model, of how they were formed. Thus, during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict with a considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a specific location on the landscape. Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented by an understanding of the soil-vegetation-landscape relationship, are sufficient to verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries. Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied. They noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them to identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units). Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character of soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil 5 Custom Soil Resource Report scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and research. The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components; the objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a unique combination of soil components and/or miscellaneous areas in predictable proportions. Some components may be highly contrasting to the other components of the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delineation of such landforms and landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map. The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape, and experience of the soil scientist. Observations are made to test and refine the soil-landscape model and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at specific locations. Once the soil-landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller number of measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded. These measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color, depth to bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for content of sand, silt, clay, salt, and other components. Properties of each soil typically vary from one point to another across the landscape. Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop ranges of characteristics for the components. The aggregated values are presented. Direct measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other properties. While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field-observed characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management. Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same kinds of soil. Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example, soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date. After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and 6 Custom Soil Resource Report identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings, fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately. 7 Soil Map The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit. 8 Custom Soil Resource Report M Soil Map 3 0 0 497890 497W 498070 498160 498250 498340 498430 40°3714"N 40°3714"N 0 0 CL 36 Soil Map m y not be v�l,d at this s al-. 40°36 49"N �' 400 36'49"N 497890 4979M 498070 498160 498250 498340 498430 in 3 3 0 Map Scale:1:3,780 T printed on A portrait(8.5"x 11")sheet. Meters o N 0 50 100 200 300 Feet 0 150 300 600 900 Map projection:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge tics:UTM Zone 13N WGS84 9 Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION Area of Interest(AOI) Spoil Area The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at Area of Interest(AOI) 1:24,000. Q Stony Spot Soils Very Stony Spot Soil Map Unit Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Wet Spot �i Soil Map Unit Lines Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause Other misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil 0 Soil Map Unit Points g pp g y .- Special Line Features line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of Special Point Features contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed V Blowout Water Features scale. Streams and Canals Borrow Pit Clay Spot Transportation Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map .+. Rails measurements. J Closed Depression ti Interstate Highways Gravel Pit Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service US Routes Web Soil Survey URL: Gravelly Spot Major Roads Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857) O Landfill Local Roads Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator A Lava Flow Background projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the Marsh or swamp Aerial Photography Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more Mine or Quarry accurate calculations of distance or area are required. O Miscellaneous Water This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as O Perennial Water of the version date(s)listed below. V Rock Outcrop Soil Survey Area: Larimer County Area,Colorado + Saline Spot Survey Area Data: Version 18,Aug 24,2023 Sandy Spot Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales 4W Severely Eroded Spot 1:50,000 or larger. 0 Sinkhole Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Jul 2,2021—Aug 25, 3) Slide or Slip 2021 Sodic Spot The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. 10 Custom Soil Resource Report Map Unit Legend Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 35 Fort Collins loam,0 to 3 percent 6.0 23.6% slopes 36 Fort Collins loam,3 to 5 percent 1.9 7.6% slopes 95 Satanta loam, 1 to 3 percent 0.4 1.7% slopes 98 Satanta Variant clay loam,0 to 17.2 67.1% 3 percent slopes Totals for Area of Interest 25.6 100.0% Map Unit Descriptions The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit. A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils. Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape. 11 Custom Soil Resource Report The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions. Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil properties and qualities. Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement. Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series. Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas. These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups. A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Alpha-Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example. An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar. Alpha-Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example. 12 Custom Soil Resource Report Larimer County Area, Colorado 35—Fort Collins loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: 2tlnc Elevation: 4,020 to 6,730 feet Mean annual precipitation: 14 to 16 inches Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 48 degrees F Frost-free period: 135 to 160 days Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated Map Unit Composition Fort collins and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 15 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Fort Collins Setting Landform: Interfluves, stream terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Interfluve, tread Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Pleistocene or older alluvium and/or eolian deposits Typical profile Ap - 0 to 4 inches: loam Bt1 -4 to 9 inches: clay loam Bt2- 9 to 16 inches: clay loam Bk1 - 16 to 29 inches: loam Bk2-29 to 80 inches: loam Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 3 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class:Well drained Runoff class: Low Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water(Ksat): Moderately high to high (0.20 to 2.00 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 12 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.1 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: High (about 9.1 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): 3e Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3e Hydrologic Soil Group: C Ecological site: R067BY002CO - Loamy Plains Hydric soil rating: No 13 Custom Soil Resource Report Minor Components Nunn Percent of map unit: 10 percent Landform: Stream terraces Landform position (three-dimensional):Tread Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Ecological site: R067BY002CO- Loamy Plains Hydric soil rating: No Vona Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform: Interfluves Landform position (three-dimensional): Interfluve, side slope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Ecological site: R067BY024CO- Sandy Plains Hydric soil rating: No 36—Fort Collins loam, 3 to 5 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: 2ygpg Elevation: 4,800 to 5,900 feet Mean annual precipitation: 13 to 15 inches Mean annual air temperature: 48 to 50 degrees F Frost-free period: 135 to 150 days Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated Map Unit Composition Fort collins and similar soils: 80 percent Minor components:20 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Fort Collins Setting Landform:Alluvial fans, terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread Down-slope shape: Linear, convex Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Pleistocene or older alluvium and/or eolian deposits Typical profile Ap - 0 to 5 inches: loam Bt1 -5 to 8 inches: clay loam Bt2- 8 to 18 inches: clay loam Bk1 - 18 to 24 inches: loam Bk2-24 to 80 inches: loam 14 Custom Soil Resource Report Properties and qualities Slope: 3 to 5 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class:Well drained Runoff class: Low Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water(Ksat): Moderately high to high (0.20 to 2.00 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 12 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.1 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: High (about 9.1 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): 4e Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4e Hydrologic Soil Group: C Ecological site: R067BY002CO - Loamy Plains Hydric soil rating: No Minor Components Table mountain Percent of map unit: 15 percent Landform:Alluvial fans, stream terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Ecological site: R067BY036CO- Overflow Hydric soil rating: No Larim Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform:Alluvial fans Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Ecological site: R067BY063CO- Gravel Breaks Hydric soil rating: No 95—Satanta loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: 2w5f3 Elevation: 3,650 to 5,350 feet Mean annual precipitation: 12 to 18 inches Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 54 degrees F Frost-free period: 115 to 155 days Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated 15 Custom Soil Resource Report Map Unit Composition Satanta and similar soils: 90 percent Minor components: 10 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Satanta Setting Landform: Paleoterraces Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope Landform position (three-dimensional): Head slope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Eolian sands Typical profile Ap - 0 to 9 inches: loam Bt-9 to 18 inches: clay loam C- 18 to 79 inches: loam Properties and qualities Slope: 1 to 3 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class:Well drained Runoff class: Low Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water(Ksat): Moderately high (0.20 to 0.60 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 10 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Very high (about 12.2 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): 3e Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4c Hydrologic Soil Group: C Ecological site: R067BY002CO - Loamy Plains Hydric soil rating: No Minor Components Nunn Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform:Terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Ecological site: R067BY002CO- Loamy Plains Hydric soil rating: No Fort collins Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform:Alluvial fans Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope 16 Custom Soil Resource Report Landform position (three-dimensional): Head slope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Ecological site: R067BY002CO- Loamy Plains Hydric soil rating: No 98—Satanta Variant clay loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jpyh Elevation: 4,800 to 5,600 feet Mean annual precipitation: 13 to 15 inches Mean annual air temperature: 48 to 50 degrees F Frost-free period: 135 to 150 days Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated Map Unit Composition Satanta variant and similar soils: 90 percent Minor components: 10 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Satanta Variant Setting Landform:Terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material:Alluvium Typical profile H1 -0 to 9 inches: clay loam H2-9 to 22 inches: clay loam H3- 22 to 60 inches: loam Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 3 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained Runoff class: High Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water(Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table:About 24 to 48 inches Frequency of flooding: Occasional Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 15 percent Gypsum, maximum content: 10 percent Maximum salinity:Very slightly saline to slightly saline (2.0 to 4.0 mmhos/cm) Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Moderate (about 8.7 inches) 17 Custom Soil Resource Report Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): 2e Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4e Hydrologic Soil Group: D Ecological site: R067BY036CO - Overflow Hydric soil rating: No Minor Components Nunn Percent of map unit: 5 percent Ecological site: R067BY002CO- Loamy Plains Hydric soil rating: No Caruso Percent of map unit: 3 percent Ecological site: R067BY036CO- Overflow Hydric soil rating: No Loveland Percent of map unit:2 percent Ecological site: R067BY036CO- Overflow Hydric soil rating: No 18 Soil Information for All Uses Soil Properties and Qualities The Soil Properties and Qualities section includes various soil properties and qualities displayed as thematic maps with a summary table for the soil map units in the selected area of interest. A single value or rating for each map unit is generated by aggregating the interpretive ratings of individual map unit components. This aggregation process is defined for each property or quality. Soil Qualities and Features Soil qualities are behavior and performance attributes that are not directly measured, but are inferred from observations of dynamic conditions and from soil properties. Example soil qualities include natural drainage, and frost action. Soil features are attributes that are not directly part of the soil. Example soil features include slope and depth to restrictive layer. These features can greatly impact the use and management of the soil. Hydrologic Soil Group Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils are assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the soils are not protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation from long-duration storms. The soils in the United States are assigned to four groups (A, B, C, and D) and three dual classes (A/D, B/D, and C/D). The groups are defined as follows: Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential)when thoroughly wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained sands or gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water transmission. Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well drained soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture. These soils have a moderate rate of water transmission. 19 Custom Soil Resource Report Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or soils of moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water transmission. Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential)when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at or near the surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material. These soils have a very slow rate of water transmission. If a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (A/D, B/D, or C/D), the first letter is for drained areas and the second is for undrained areas. Only the soils that in their natural condition are in group D are assigned to dual classes. 20 Custom Soil Resource Report M Map—Hydrologic Soil Group o 497M 497W 4W70 498160 498250 498.340 498430 40°3714"N �.—— 40°3714"N 0 0 CL 71 IN I I I wr I Soil MEP may not hm at this scale. 40°36'49"N 400 36'49"N 497890 497%1 49170 4111 49810 411. 498430 3 3 o Map Scale:1:3,780 if printed on A portrait(8.5"x 11')sheet. Meters o N 0 50 100 200 300 Feet 0 150 300 600 900 Map projection:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge tics:UTM Zone 13N WGS84 21 Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION Area of Interest(AOI) 0 C The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at Area of Interest(AOI) © C/D 1:24,000. Soils D Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. A [3 Not rated or not available Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause Water Features 0 AID misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil B Streams and Canals line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of Q Transportation contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed 0 B/D Rails scale. � 0 C ti Interstate Highways Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map 0 C/D US Routes measurements. 0 D Major Roads Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service 0 Not rated or not available Local Roads Web Soil Survey URL: Soil Rating Lines Background Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857) A Aerial Photography Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator .,. A/D projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts ..i B distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more .v B/D accurate calculations of distance or area are required. . • C This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as .,, C/o of the version date(s)listed below. .� D Soil Survey Area: Larimer County Area,Colorado . Not rated or not available Survey Area Data: Version 18,Aug 24,2023 Soil Rating Points A Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales 1:50,000 or larger. 0 A/D B Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Jul 2,2021—Aug 25, 2021 B/D The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. 22 Custom Soil Resource Report Table—Hydrologic Soil Group Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 35 Fort Collins loam,0 to 3 C 6.0 23.6% percent slopes 36 Fort Collins loam,3 to 5 C 1.9 7.6% percent slopes 95 Satanta loam, 1 to 3 C 0.4 1.7% percent slopes 98 Satanta Variant clay D 17.2 67.1% loam,0 to 3 percent slopes Totals for Area of Interest 25.6 100.0% Rating Options—Hydrologic Soil Group Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff.- None Specified Tie-break Rule: Higher 23 References American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). 2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling and testing. 24th edition. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00. Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of wetlands and deep-water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FWS/OBS-79/31. Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States. Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States. Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric soils in the United States. National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries. Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/ nres/detail/national/soils/?cid=nres142p2_054262 Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http:// www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/?cid=nres142p2_053577 Soil Survey Staff. 2010. Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http:// www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/?cid=nresl42p2_053580 Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands Section. United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical Report Y-87-1. United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National forestry manual. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/soils/ home/?cid=nres142p2_053374 United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National range and pasture handbook. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/ detail/national/landuse/rangepasture/?cid=stelprdb1043084 24 Custom Soil Resource Report United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/ nres/detail/soils/scientists/?cid=nres142p2_054242 United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 296. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/? cid=n res 142 p 2_053624 United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. http:// www.nrcs.usda.gov/lnternet/FSE—DOCUMENTS/nrcsl42p2_052290.pdf 25 APPENDIX H City of Fort Collins Dust Prevention and Control Manual 1 � a 1�Ar Dust Prevention and Control Manual 4 W- w . t. f r i CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Title 1 1.2 Purpose of Manual 1 1.3 Applicability 1 1.4 Definitions 2 2.0 Fugitive Dust and the Problems it Causes 5 2.1 What is Fugitive Dust, Generally? 5 2.2 Why is the City Addressing Fugitive Dust? 5 2.3 Health and Environmental Effects 6 2.4 Nuisance and Aesthetics 6 2.5 Safety Hazard and Visibility 6 3.0 Best Management Practices 7 3.1 Earthmoving Activities 8 3.2 Demolition and Renovation 10 3.3 Stockpiles 12 3.4 Street Sweeping 14 3.5 Track-out/Carry-out 15 3.6 Bulk Materials Transport 16 3.7 Unpaved Roads and Haul Roads 18 3.8 Parking Lots 19 3.9 Open Areas and Vacant Lots 21 3.10 Saw Cutting and Grinding 22 3.11 Abrasive Blasting 24 3.12 Mechanical Blowing 26 4.0 Dust Control Plan for Land Development Greater Than Five Acres 28 Dust Prevention and Control Checklist 31 5.0 Resources 32 5.1 Cross Reference to Codes,Standards, Regulations, and Policies 32 5.2 City of Fort Collins Manuals and Policies 35 5.3 References for Dust Control 35 Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page i 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Title The contents of this document shall be known as the Dust Prevention and Control Manual ("the Manual"). 1.2 Purpose of Manual The purpose of the Manual is to establish minimum requirements consistent with nationally recognized best management practices for controlling fugitive dust emissions and to describe applicable best management practices to prevent, minimize, and mitigate off-property transport or off-vehicle transport of fugitive dust emissions pursuant to Chapter 12, Article X of the Fort Collins City Code (§§12-150 et. seq)for specific dust generating activities and sources. The purpose of Chapter 12,Article X of the Code is to protect the health, safety, and welfare of the public, including prevention of adverse impacts to human health, property,sensitive vegetation and areas,waters of the state, and other adverse environmental impacts and to prevent visibility impairment and safety hazards caused by emissions of particulate matter into the air from human activities. 1.3 Applicability This Manual applies to any person who conducts, or is an owner or operator of, a dust generating activity or source, as defined in the Code and described in this Manual,within the City of Fort Collins, subject to the exclusion set forth in Code §12-150(b)(3). Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 1 1.4 Definitions Abrasive blasting shall mean a process to Code shall mean the Fort Collins City Code, as smooth rough surfaces; roughen smooth amended from time to time. surfaces; and remove paint, dirt, grease, and other coatings from surfaces. Abrasive blasting Cover-shall mean the installation of a media may consist of sand; glass, plastic or temporary cover material on top of disturbed metal beads; aluminum oxide; corn cobs; or soil surfaces or stockpiles, such as netting, other materials. mulch, wood chips, gravel or other materials capable of preventing wind erosion. Additional best management practice shall mean using at least one additional measure if Dust control measure shall mean any action the required best management practices are or process that is used to prevent or mitigate ineffective at preventing off-property transport the emission of fugitive dust into the air, of particulate matter. including but not limited to the best management practices identified in this Additional requirements shall mean when Manual. applicable, any measure that is required, e.g., a dust control plan when project sites are over 5 Dustgenerating activity or source shall acres in size. mean a process, operation,action, or land use that creates emissions of fugitive dust or causes Best management practice shall mean any off-property or off-vehicle transport. Dust action or process that is used to prevent or generating activity or source shall include a mitigate the emission of fugitive dust into the paved parking lot containing an area of more air. than one half(1/2) acre. Bulk materials transport shall mean the Earthmoving shall mean any process that carrying, moving, or conveying of loose involves land clearing, disturbing soil surfaces, materials including, but not limited to, earth, or moving, loading, or handling of earth, dirt, rock, silt, sediment, sand, gravel, soil,fill, soil, sand, aggregate, or similar materials. aggregate, dirt, mud, construction or demolition debris, and other organic or inorganic material Fugitive dust shall mean solid particulate containing particulate matter onto a public road matter emitted into the air by mechanical or right-of-way in an unenclosed trailer,truck processes or natural forces but is not emitted bed, bin, or other container. through a stack, chimney, or vent Local wind speed shall mean the current or forecasted wind speed for the Fort Collins area as measured at the surface weather observation station KFNL located at the Fort Collins Loveland Municipal Airport or at Colorado State University's Fort Collins or Christman Field weather stations or as measured onsite with a portable or hand-held anemometer.The City will use anemometers whenever practicable. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 2 Maximum speed limit shall mean the speed Operator or owner shall mean any person limit on public rights-of-way adopted by the City who has control over a dust generating source pursuant to Fort Collins Traffic Code adopted either by operating, supervising, controlling, or pursuant to City Code Section 28-16 for private maintaining ownership of the activity or source roadways, a speed limit shall be established as including, but not limited to, a contractor, appropriate to minimize off-site transportation lessee, or other responsible party of an activity, of. operation, or land use that is a dust generating activity or source. Mechanical blower shall mean any portable machine powered with an internal combustion Particulate matter shall mean any material or electric-powered engine used to blow leaves, that is emitted into the air as finely divided solid clippings, dirt or other debris off sidewalks, or liquid particles, other than uncombined driveways, lawns, medians, and other surfaces water, and includes dust, smoke, soot,fumes, including, but not limited to, hand-held, back- aerosols and mists. pack and walk-behind units, as well as blower- vacuum units. Required best management practices shall mean specific measures that are required to be Off-property transport shall mean the visible implemented if a dust generating activity is emission of fugitive dust beyond the property occurring. line of the property on which the emission originates or the project boundary when the Sensitive area shall mean a specific area that emission originates in the public right-of-way or warrants special protection from adverse on public property. impacts due to the deposition of fugitive dust, such as natural areas (excluding buffer zones), Off-vehicle transport shall mean the visible sources of water supply,wetlands, critical emission of fugitive dust from a vehicle that is wildlife habitat, or wild and scenic river transporting dust generating materials on a corridors. public road or right-of-way. Soil retention shall mean the stabilization of On-tool local exhaust ventilation shall mean disturbed surface areas that will remain a vacuum dust collection system attached to a exposed and inactive for 30 days or more or construction tool that includes a dust collector while vegetation is being established using (hood or shroud),tubing, vacuum, and a high mulch, compost, soil mats, or other methods. efficiency particulate air(HEPA)filter. Stockpile shall mean any accumulation of bulk On-tool wet dustsuppression shall mean the materials that contain particulate matter being operation of nozzles or sprayers attached to a stored for future use or disposal. This includes construction tool that continuously apply water backfill materials and storage piles for soil, or other liquid to the grinding or cutting area by sand, dirt, mulch, aggregate, straw, chaff, or a pressurized container or other water source. other materials that produce dust. Open area shall mean any area of undeveloped Storm drainage facility shall mean those land greater than one-half acre that contains improvements designed, constructed or used to less than 70 percent vegetation. This includes convey or control stormwater runoff and to undeveloped lots,vacant or idle lots, natural remove pollutants from stormwater runoff after areas, parks, or other non-agricultural areas. precipitation. Recreational and multi-use trails maintained by the City are not included as an open area. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 3 Surface roughening shall mean to modify the planted areas must be mulched within twenty- soil surface to resist wind action and reduce four(24) hours after planting. dust emissions from wind erosion by creating grooves, depressions, ridges or furrows Wet suppression shall mean the application of perpendicular to the predominant wind water by spraying, sprinkling, or misting to direction using tilling, ripping, discing, or other maintain optimal moisture content or to form a method. crust in dust generating materials and applied at a rate that prevents runoff from entering any Track-out shall mean the carrying of mud, dirt, public right-of-way, storm drainage facility or soil, or debris on vehicle wheels, sides, or watercourse. undercarriages from a private, commercial, or industrial site onto a public road or right-of- Wind barrier shall mean an obstruction at way. least five feet high erected to assist in preventing the blowing of fugitive dust, Vegetation shall mean the planting or seeding comprised of a solid board fence, chain link and of appropriate grasses, plants, bushes, or trees fabric fence,vertical wooden slats, hay bales, to hold soil or to create a wind break. All seeded earth berm, bushes,trees,or other materials areas must be mulched, and the mulch should installed perpendicular to the predominant be adequately crimped and or tackified. If wind direction or upwind of an adjacent hydro-seeding is conducted, mulching must be residential, commercial, industrial, or sensitive conducted as a separate, second operation. All area that would be negatively impacted by fugitive dust. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 4 2.0 Fugitive Dust and the Problems it Causes s� 2.1 What is Fugitive Dust, Generally? Dust, also known as particulate matter, is made up of solid particles in the air that consist primarily of dirt and soil but can also contain ash, soot, salts, pollen, heavy metals, asbestos, pesticides, and other materials. "Fugitive" dust means particulate matter that has become airborne by wind or human activities and has not been emitted from a stack, chimney, or vent. The Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) estimates that more than 4,300 tons of particulate matter are emitted into the air in Larimer County annually. The primary sources of this particulate matter include construction activities, paved and unpaved roads, and agricultural operations. The quantity of dust emitted from a particular activity or area and the materials in it can depend on the soil type (sand, clay, silt), moisture content(dry or damp), local wind speed, and the current or past uses of the site (industrial,farming, construction). 2.2 Why is the City Addressing Fugitive Dust? Colorado state air regulations and Larimer County air quality standards generally require owners and operators of dust generating activities or sources to use all available and practical methods that are technologically feasible and economically reasonable in order to prevent fugitive dust emissions. However, state regulations and permitting requirements typically apply to larger stationary sources rather than to activities that generate dust. Larimer County fugitive dust standards apply only to land development. Although state and county requirements apply to many construction activities,they do not address many sources of dust emissions and City code compliance officers do not have authority to enforce state or county regulations. Fort Collins is experiencing rapid growth and development that has contributed to local man-made dust emissions. The City has established Chapter 12,Article X of the Code (§§12-150- 12-159) to address dust generating activities and sources that negatively impact citizens in Fort Collins. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 5 2.3 Health and Environmental Effects Dust particles are very small and can be easily inhaled. They can enter the respiratory system and increase susceptibility to respiratory infections, and aggravate cardio-pulmonary disease. Even short-term exposure to dust can cause wheezing, asthma attacks and allergic reactions, and may cause increases in hospital admissions and emergency department visits for heart and lung related diseases. Fugitive dust emissions can cause significant environmental impacts as well as health effects. When dust from wind erosion or human activity deposits out of the air, it may impact vegetation, adversely affect nearby soils and waterways, and cause damage to cultural resources. Wind erosion can result in the loss of valuable top soil, reduce crop yields, and stunt plant growth. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), studies have linked particulate matter exposure to health problems and environmental impacts such as: •Health Impacts: o Irritation of the airways, coughing, and difficulty breathing o Reduced lung function and lung cancer o Aggravated asthma and chronic bronchitis o Irregular heartbeat and increases in heart attacks •Environmental Impacts: o Haze and reduced visibility o Reduced levels of nutrients in soil 2.4 Nuisance and Aesthetics Dust, dirt and debris that become airborne eventually settle back down to r the surface. How far it travels and where it gets deposited depends on the a size and type of the particles as well as wind speed and direction. When this material settles, it can be deposited on homes, cars, lawns, pools and ponds, and other property. The small particles can get trapped in machinery and electronics causing abrasion, corrosion, and malfunctions. The deposited -- dust can damage painted surfaces, clog filtration systems, stain materials and cause other expensive clean-up projects. 2.5 Safety Hazard and Visibility Blowing dust can be a safety hazard at construction sites and on roads and highways. Dust can obstruct visibility and can cause accidents between vehicles and bikes, pedestrians, or site workers. Dust plumes can also decrease visibility across a natural area or scenic vistas. The "brown cloud", often visible along the Front Range during the winter months, and the brilliant red sunsets that occur are often caused by particulate matter and other pollutants in the air. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 6 3.0 Best Management Practices This Manual describes established best management practices for controlling dust emissions that are practical and used in common practice to prevent or mitigate impacts to air quality from dust generating activities and sources occurring within Fort Collins. The objective of the dust control measures included in this Manual is to reduce dust emissions from human activities and to prevent those emissions from impacting others and is based on the following principles: Prevent—avoid creating dust emissions through good project planning and modifying or replacing dust generating activities. Minimize—reduce dust emissions with methods that capture, collect, or contain emissions. Mitigate—when preventing fugitive dust or minimizing the impacts are not feasible,the Manual provides specific measures to mitigate dust. More specifically,the Manual establishes the following procedures for each dust generating activity outlined in this Chapter: 1. Required Best Management Practices—this section includes the specific measures that are required to be implemented if the dust generating activity is occurring. For example, high wind restrictions (temporarily halting work when wind speeds exceed 30 mph) are required best management practices for earthmoving, demolition/renovation, saw cutting or grind, abrasive blasting, and leaf blowing. 2. Additional Best Management Practices—this section includes additional measures if the required best management practices are ineffective at preventing off-property transport of particulate matter.At least one of the additional best management practices outlined in the Manual must be implemented on the site to be in compliance with the Manual and Code. 3. Additional Requirements—When applicable, additional measures are also required, e.g., a dust control plan when project sites are over 5 acres in size. The Dust Prevention and Control Checklist included on page 31 of this Manual provides a "quick guide" to dust control BMPs covered in the following sections of the Manual. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 7 3.1 Earthmoving Activities ON Above: This figure illustrates earthmoving, which is an activity that can generate dust. Dust emissions from earthmoving activities depend on the type and extent of activity being conducted, the amount of exposed surface area, wind conditions, and soil type and moisture content, including: • Site preparation (clearing,grubbing, scraping) • Road construction • Grading and overlot grading • Excavating, trenching, backfilling and compacting • Loading and unloading dirt, soil, gravel, or other earth materials • Dumping of dirt, soil,gravel, or other earth materials into trucks, piles, or receptacles • Screening of dirt, soil, gravel, or other earth materials Best Management Practices to Control Dust (a) Required Best Management Practices: Any person, owner, or operator who conducts earthmoving that is a dust generating activity or source shall implement the following best management practices to prevent off-property transport of fugitive dust emissions: (i) Minimize disturbed area: plan the project or activity so that the minimum amount of disturbed soil or surface area is exposed to wind or vehicle traffic at any one time. (ii) Reduce vehicle speeds: establish a maximum speed limit or install traffic calming devices to reduce speeds to a rate to mitigate off-property transport of dust entrained by vehicles. (iii) Minimize drop height: Drivers and operators shall unload truck beds and loader or excavator buckets slowly, and minimize drop height of materials to the lowest height possible, including screening operations. (iv) High winds restriction:temporarily halt work activities during high wind events greater than 30 mph if operations would result in off-property transport. (v) Restrict access: restrict access to the work area to only authorized vehicles and personnel. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 8 (b)Additional Best Management Practices: In the event 3.1(a)(i)-(v) are ineffective to prevent off- property transport,the person, owner, or operator shall use at least one of the following best management practices: (i)Wet suppression: apply water to disturbed soil surfaces, backfill materials, screenings, and other dust generating operations as necessary and appropriate considering current weather conditions, and prevent water used for dust control from entering any public right-of-way, stormwater drainage facility, or watercourse. (ii) Wind barrier: construct a fence or other type of wind barrier to prevent wind erosion of top soils. (iii) Vegetation: plant vegetation appropriate for retaining soils or creating a wind break. (iv)Surface roughening: stabilize an active construction area during periods of inactivity or when vegetation cannot be immediately established. (v) Cover: install cover materials during periods of inactivity and properly anchor the cover. (vi) Soil retention: stabilize disturbed or exposed soil surface areas that will be inactive for more than 30 days or while vegetation is being established. (c)Additional requirements:Any person, owner, or operator who conducts earthmoving that is a dust generating activity or source at a construction site or land development project with a lot size equal to or greater than five (5) acres also shall implement the following measures: (i) Dust Control Plan: submit a plan that describes all potential sources of fugitive dust and methods that will be employed to control dust emissions with the development construction permit application or development review application (see Chapter 4 of this Manual). A copy of the Dust Control Plan must be onsite at all times and one copy must be provided to all contractors and operators engaged in dust generating activities at the site. (ii) Construction sequencing: include sequencing or phasing in the project plan to minimize the amount of disturbed area at any one time. Sites greater than 25 acres in size may be asked to provide additional justification, revise the sequencing plan, or include additional best management practices. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 9 3.2 Demolition and Renovation zr - Vrr4i�i 1pG c Above: This photo illustrates restricting access(a required best management practice)and a wind barrier (an additional best management practice)for demolition and renovation activities. Dust generated from demolition activities may contain significant levels of silica, lead, asbestos, and particulate matter. Inhalation of silica and asbestos is known to cause lung cancer, and exposure to even small quantities of lead dust can result in harm to children and the unborn. In addition to complying with the dust control measures below, any person engaged in demolition or renovation projects must comply with applicable state and federal regulations for asbestos and lead containing materials and notification and inspection requirements under the State of Colorado Air Quality Control Commission's Regulation No.8, Part B Control of Hazardous Air pollutants. Best Management Practices to Control Dust (a) Required Best Management Practices: Any person, owner, or operator who conducts demolition or renovation that is a dust generating activity or source shall implement the following best management practices to prevent off-property transport of fugitive dust emissions: (i)Asbestos and lead containing materials: demolition and renovation activities that involve asbestos or lead containing materials must be conducted in accordance with 2012 International Building Code (IBC), as adopted by the Code Sec. 5-26 and amended by Code Sec. 5-27 (59) (amending IBC§3602.1.1) and all other state and local regulations; (ii) Restrict access: restrict access to the demolition area to only authorized vehicles and personnel; (iii) High winds restriction:temporarily halt work activities during high wind events greater than 30 mph if operations would result in off-property transport; and (iv) Minimize drop height: Drivers and operators shall unload truck beds and loader or excavator buckets slowly, and minimize drop height of materials to the lowest height possible, including screening operations. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 10 Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 11 (b) Additional Best Management Practices: In the event 3.2(a)(i)-(iv) are ineffective to prevent off- property transport, the person, owner, or operator shall use at least one of the following best management practices: (i) Wet suppression: apply water to demolished materials or pre-wet materials to be demolished as necessary. Prevent water used for dust control from entering any public right-of- way, storm drainage facility, or watercourse. (ii) Wind barrier: construct a fence or other type of wind barrier to prevent onsite dust generating materials from blowing offsite. (c) Additional requirements: (i) Building permit compliance: comply with all conditions and requirements under any building required pursuant to the Code and/or the Land Use Code. Above: This photo illustrates reducing drop height, a required best management practice. 3.3 Stockpiles 1� I 4 .vim \.• Cep —. Above: This photo illustrates wet suppression, an additional best management practice for stockpiles. Stockpiles are used for both temporary and long-term storage of soil,fill dirt, sand, aggregate, woodchips, mulch, asphalt and other industrial feedstock, construction and landscaping materials. Fugitive dust can be emitted from stockpiles while working the active face of the pile or when wind blows across the pile. The quantity of emissions depends on pile height and exposure to wind, moisture content and particle size of the pile material,surface roughness of the pile, and frequency of pile disturbance. Best Management Practices to Control Dust (a) Required Best Management Practices:Any owner or operator of a stockpile that is a dust generating activity or source shall implement the following best management practices to prevent off property transport of fugitive dust emissions: (i) Minimize drop height: Drivers and operators shall unload truck beds and loader or excavator buckets slowly, and minimize drop height of materials to the lowest height possible, including screening operations. (b)Additional Best Management Practices: In the event 3.3(a)(i) is ineffective to prevent off-property transport,the person, owner, or operator shall use at least one of the following best management practices: (i)Wet suppression:Apply water to the active face when working the pile or to the entire pile during periods of inactivity. Prevent water used for dust control from entering any public right- of-way, storm drainage facility, or watercourse. (ii) Cover: install cover materials during periods of inactivity and anchor the cover. (iii) Surface roughening: stabilize a stockpile during periods of inactivity or when vegetation cannot be immediately established. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 12 Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 13 (iv) Stockpile location: locate stockpile at a distance equal to ten times the pile height from property boundaries that abut residential areas. (v) Vegetation: seed and mulch any stockpile that will remain inactive for 30 days or more. (vi) Enclosure: construct a three-sided structure equal to or greater than the height of the pile to shelter the pile from the predominant winds. (c) Additional requirements: (i) Stockpile permit compliance: comply with all conditions and requirements under any stockpile permit required under the Code or the Land Use Code. (ii) Erosion control plan compliance: implement and comply with all conditions and requirements of the “Fort Collins Stormwater Criteria Manual, as adopted in Code Sec. §26-500; specifically, Volume 3 Chapter 7 “Construction BMPs”. The Stormwater Criteria Manual may require the use of Erosion Control Materials, soil stockpile height limit of ten feet, watering, surface roughening, vegetation, silt fence and other control measures. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 14 3.4 Street Sweeping Left: This figure illustrates the use of a wet suppression and vacuum system, an additional best management practice for street sweeping. Street sweeping is an effective method for removing dirt and debris from streets and preventing it from entering storm drains or becoming airborne. Regenerative air sweepers and mechanical sweepers with water spray can also be effective at removing particulate matter from hard surfaces. Best Management Practices to Control Dust (a) Required Best Management Practices: Any owner or operator that conducts sweeping operations or services on paved or concrete roads, parking lots, rights-of-way, pedestrian ways, plazas or other solid surfaces, and whose operations are a dust generating activity or source shall implement the following best management practices to prevent off-property transport of fugitive dust emissions: (i) Uncontrolled sweeping prohibited: the use of rotary brushes, power brooms, or other mechanical sweeping for the removal of dust, dirt, mud, or other debris from a paved public road, right-of-way, or parking lot without the use of water, vacuum system with filtration, or other equivalent dust control method is prohibited. Mechanical or manual sweeping that occurs between lifts of asphalt paving operations or due to preparation for pavement markings are excluded from this prohibition, due to engineering requirements associated with these operations. (b) Additional Best Management Practices: In the event 3.4(a)(i) is ineffective to prevent off-property transport, the person, owner, or operator shall use at least one of the following best management practices: (i) Wet suppression: use a light spray of water or wetting agent applied directly to work area or use equipment with water spray system while operating sweeper or power broom. Prevent water used for dust control from entering any storm drainage facility or watercourse. (ii) Vacuum system: use sweeper or power broom equipped with a vacuum collection and filtration system. (iii) Other method: use any other method to control dust emissions that has a demonstrated particulate matter control efficiency of 80 percent or more. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 15 3.5 Track-out / Carry-out Above: This figure illustrates an installed grate (left) and a gravel bed (right), both of which are additional best management practices associated with track-out/carry-out. Mud, dirt, and other debris can be carried from a site on the wheels or undercarriage of equipment and vehicles onto public roads. When this material dries, it can become airborne by wind activity or when other vehicles travel on it. This is a health concern and can cause visibility issues and safety hazards. Best Management Practices to Control Dust (a) Required Best Management Practices: Any owner or operator of any operation that has the potential to result in track-out of mud, dirt, dust, or debris on public roads and rights-of-way and whose operation is a dust generating activity or source shall implement the following best management practices to prevent off-property transport of fugitive dust emissions: (i) Contracts and standards: comply with track-out prevention requirements and construction best management practices as set forth in the Code, City regulations or policies, as specified in applicable contract documents, and as set forth in the Fort Collins Stormwater Criteria Manual. (ii) Remove deposition: promptly remove any deposition that occurs on public roads or rights- of-way as a result of the owner’s or operator’s operations. Avoid over-watering and prevent runoff into any storm drainage facility or watercourse. (b) Additional Best Management Practices: In the event 3.5(a)(i)-(ii) are ineffective to prevent off- property transport, the person, owner, or operator shall use at least one of the following best management practices: (i) Install rails, pipes, grate, or similar track-out control device. (ii) Install a gravel bed track-out apron that extends at least 50 feet from the intersection with a public road or right-of-way. (iii) Install gravel bed track-out apron with steel cattle guard or concrete wash rack. (iv) Install and utilize on-site vehicle and equipment washing station. (v) Install a paved surface that extends at least 100 feet from the intersection with a public road or right-of-way. (vi) Manually remove mud, dirt, and debris from equipment and vehicle wheels, tires and undercarriage. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 16 3.6 Bulk Materials Transport Above: This figure illustrates covered loads, a required best management practice for bulk materials transport. Haul trucks are used to move bulk materials, such as dirt, rock, demolition debris, or mulch to and from construction sites, material suppliers and storage yards. Dust emissions from haul trucks, if uncontrolled, can be a safety hazard by impairing visibility or by depositing debris on roads, pedestrians, bicyclists, or other vehicles. Best Management Practices to Control Dust (a) Required Best Management Practices: Any owner or operator of a dust generating activity or source for which vehicles used to transport bulk materials to and from a site within the City on a public or private road or on a public right-of-way shall prevent off-vehicle transport of fugitive dust emissions. To prevent off-vehicle transport of fugitive dust to and from the site, the owner or operator shall implement the following measures: (i) Cover Loads: Loads shall be completely covered or all material enclosed in a manner that prevents the material from blowing, dropping, sifting, leaking, or otherwise escaping from the vehicle. This includes the covering of hot asphalt and asphalt patching material with a tarp or other impermeable material. (ii) Minimize drop height: Drivers and operators shall load and unload truck beds and loader or excavator buckets slowly, and minimize drop height of materials to the lowest height possible, including screening operations. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 17 (b) Additional Best Management Practices: In the event 3.6(a)(i)-(ii) are ineffective to prevent off- vehicle transport, the person, owner, or operator shall use at least one of the following best management practices: (i) Wet suppression: apply water to bulk materials loaded for transport as necessary to prevent fugitive dust emissions and deposition of materials on roadways. Prevent water used for dust control from entering any public right-of-way, storm drainage facility, or watercourse. (ii) Other technology: use other equivalent technology that effectively eliminates off-vehicle transport, such as limiting the load size to provide at least three inches of freeboard to prevent spillage. Above: This figure illustrates minimizing drop heights, a required best management practice for bulk materials transport. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 18 3.7 Unpaved Roads and Haul Roads Left: This figure illustrates surface improvements on an unpaved road, an additional best management practice. Road dust from unpaved roads is caused by particles lifted by and dropped from rolling wheels traveling on the road surface and from wind blowing across the road surface. Road dust can aggravate heart and lung conditions as well as cause safety issues such as decreased driver visibility and other safety hazards. Best Management Practices to Control Dust (a) Required Best Management Practices: Any owner or operator of an unpaved road located on a construction site greater than five acres on private property or an unpaved road used as a public right- of-way shall implement the following best management practices to prevent off-property transport of fugitive dust emissions: (i) Reduce vehicle speeds: establish a maximum speed limit or install traffic calming devices to reduce speeds to a rate that prevents off-property transport of dust entrained by vehicles. (ii) Restrict access: restrict travel on unpaved roads by limiting access to only authorized vehicle use. (b) Additional Best Management Practices: In the event 3.7(a)(i)-(ii) are ineffective to prevent off- property transport, the person, owner, or operator shall use at least one of the following best management practices: (i) Wet suppression: apply water to unpaved road surface as necessary and appropriate considering current weather conditions, and prevent water used for dust control from entering any public right-of-way, storm drainage facility, or watercourse. (ii) Surface improvements: install gravel or similar materials with sufficient depth to reduce dust or pave high traffic areas. (iii) Access road location: locate site access roads away from residential or other populated areas. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 19 3.8 Parking Lots Above: This figure illustrates an unpaved parking lot in Fort Collins. This section applies to paved and unpaved areas where vehicles are parked or stored on a routine basis and includes parking areas for shopping, recreation, or events; automobile or vehicle storage yards; and animal staging areas. Best Management Practices to Control Dust- Unpaved Parking Lots (a) Required Best Management Practices: Any owners or operator of an unpaved parking lot greater than one-half acre shall use at least one of the following best management practices to prevent off- property transport of fugitive dust emissions (i) Surface improvements: install gravel or similar materials with sufficient depth to reduce dust or pave high traffic areas. (ii) Vegetation: plant vegetation appropriate for retaining soils or creating a wind break. (iii) Wet suppression: apply water as necessary and appropriate considering current weather conditions to prevent off-property transport of fugitive dust emissions. Prevent water used for dust control from entering any public right-of-way, storm drainage facility, or watercourse. (iv) Wind barrier: construct a fence or other type of wind barrier. (v) Reduce vehicle speeds: establish a maximum speed limit or install traffic calming devices to reduce speeds to a rate that prevents off-property transport of dust entrained by vehicles. (vi) Restrict access: restrict travel in parking lots to only those vehicles with essential duties and limit access to hours of operation or specific events. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 20 Best Management Practices to Control Dust- Paved Parking Lots (a) Required Best Management Practices: An owner or operator of a paved parking lot greater than one-half acre and shall use at least one of the following best management practices to prevent off- property transport of fugitive dust emissions. (i) Maintenance: repair potholes and cracks and maintain surface improvements. (ii) Mechanical sweeping: Sweep lot with a vacuum sweeper and light water spray as necessary to remove dirt and debris. Avoid overwatering and prevent runoff from entering any public right-of-way, storm drainage facility, or watercourse. (iii) Reduce vehicle speeds: establish a maximum speed limit or install traffic calming devices to reduce speeds to a rate that prevents off-property transport of dust entrained by vehicles. (iv) Restrict access: restrict travel in parking lots to only those vehicles with essential duties and limit access to hours of operation or specific events. Above: This photo represents improving the surface of a parking area, which is one measure to comply with the Manual. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 21 3.9 Open Areas and Vacant Lots Left: This photo represents adding vegetation by hydroseeding, which is one measure to comply with the Manual. Open areas are typically not a significant source of wind-blown dust emissions if the coverage of vegetation is sufficient or soil crusts are intact. However, if soils in open areas are disturbed by vehicle traffic, off-highway vehicle use, bicycling or grazing, or if they have become overpopulated by prairie dogs, dust emissions can become a problem. Best Management Practices to Control Dust (a) Required Best Management Practices: Any owner or operator of an open area greater than one-half acre shall use at least one of the following best management practices to stabilize disturbed or exposed soil surface areas that are intended to or remain exposed for 30 days or more and to prevent off- property transport of fugitive dust emissions: (i) Vegetation: plant vegetation appropriate for retaining soils or creating a wind break. (ii) Cover: install cover materials over exposed areas during periods of inactivity and properly anchor the cover. (iii) Surface roughening: stabilize an exposed area during periods of inactivity or when vegetation cannot be immediately established. (iv) Soil retention: stabilize disturbed or exposed soil surface areas that will be inactive for more than 30 days or while vegetation is being established, using mulch, compost, soil mats, or other methods. (v) Wet suppression: apply water to disturbed soil surfaces as necessary and appropriate considering current weather to prevent off-property transport of fugitive dust emissions. Prevent water used for dust control from entering any public right-of-way, storm drainage facility, or watercourse. (vi) Wind barrier: construct a fence or other type of wind barrier to prevent wind erosion of top soils. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 22 3.10 Saw Cutting and Grinding Above: This photo illustrates concrete cutting and how the activity can generate dust. Cutting and grinding of asphalt, concrete and other masonry materials can be a significant short-term source of fugitive dust that may expose workers and the public to crystalline silica. Inhalation of silica can cause lung disease known as silicosis and has been linked to other diseases such as tuberculosis and lung cancer. Using additional best management practices during cutting and grinding operations can significantly reduce dust emissions. Best Management Practices to Control Dust (a) Required Best Management Practices: Any person, owner, or operator that cuts or grinds asphalt, concrete, brick, tile, stone, or other masonry materials and whose operations are a dust generating activity or source shall use the following best management practices to prevent off-property transport of fugitive dust emissions: (i) Restrict access: prevent the public from entering the area where dust emissions occur. (ii) High winds restriction: temporarily halt work activities during high wind events greater than 30 mph if operations would result in off-property transport. (iii) Equipment and work area clean up: use wet wiping, wet sweeping, or vacuuming with HEPA filtration for equipment and work area clean up and do not cause dust to become airborne during clean up. (iv) Slurry clean up: prevent water used for dust control or clean up from entering any public right-of-way, storm drainage facility, or watercourse by using containment, vacuuming, absorption, or other method to remove the slurry, and dispose of slurry and containment materials properly. Follow additional procedures prescribed in the Fort Collins Stormwater Criteria Manual or contract documents and specifications. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 23 (b) Additional Best Management Practices: In the event 3.10(a)(i)-(iv) are ineffective to prevent off- property transport, the person, owner, or operator shall use at least one of the following best management practices: (i) On-tool local exhaust ventilation: use a tool-mounted dust capture and collection system. (ii) On-tool wet suppression: use a tool-mounted water application system. (iii) Vacuuming: use a vacuum equipped with a HEPA filter simultaneously with cutting or grinding operations. (iv) Wet suppression: use a water sprayer or hose simultaneously with cutting or grinding operations. (v) Enclosure: conduct cutting or grinding within an enclosure with a dust collection system or temporary tenting over the work area. Above: These photos illustrate how dust generated from cutting can be minimized by applying on-tool wet suppression, an additional best management practice associated with saw cutting and grinding. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 24 3.11 Abrasive Blasting Above: This photo illustrates abrasive blasting without dust mitigation in place. Abrasive blasting is used to smooth rough surfaces; roughen smooth surfaces; and remove paint, dirt, grease, and other coatings from surfaces. Abrasive blasting media may consist of sand; glass, plastic or metal beads; aluminum oxide; corn cobs; or other materials. Abrasive blasting typically generates a significant amount of fugitive dust if not controlled. The material removed during abrasive blasting can become airborne and may contain silica, lead, cadmium or other byproducts removed from the surface being blasted.* Best Management Practices to Control Dust (a) Required Best Management Practices: Any person, owner, or operator who conducts outdoor abrasive blasting or indoor abrasive blasting with uncontrolled emissions vented to the outside and whose operations are a dust generating activity or source shall implement the following best management practices to prevent off-property transport of fugitive dust emissions: (i) Restrict access: prevent the public from entering the area where dust emissions occur. (ii) High winds restriction: temporarily halt work activities during high wind events greater than 30 mph if operations would result in off-property transport. (iii) Equipment and work area clean up: use wet wiping, wet sweeping, or vacuuming with HEPA filtration for equipment and work area clean up and do not cause dust to become airborne during clean up. (iv) Slurry clean up: prevent water used for dust control or clean up from entering any public right-of-way, storm drainage facility, or watercourse by using containment, vacuuming, absorption, or other method to remove the slurry, and dispose of slurry and containment materials properly. (b) Additional Best Management Practices: In the event 3.11(a)(i)-(iv) are ineffective to prevent off- property transport, the person, owner, or operator shall use at least one of the following best management practices: (i) Enclosure: conduct abrasive blasting within an enclosure with a dust collection system or temporary tenting over the work area. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 25 (ii) Wet suppression blasting: use one of several available methods that mix water with the abrasive media or air during blasting operations. (iii) Vacuum blasting: conduct air-based blasting that uses a nozzle attachment with negative air pressure to capture dust. (iv) Abrasive media: select less toxic, lower dust-generating blasting media. * Blasting on surfaces that contain lead paint or wastes from sand blasting that contain hazardous materials may be subject to additional state and federal requirements. Above: This photo illustrates wet suppression blasting, an additional best management practice. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 26 3.12 Mechanical Blowing Above: This photo illustrates mechanical blowing without dust mitigation in place. Mechanical blowers are commonly used to move dirt, sand, leaves, grass clippings and other landscaping debris to a central location for easier pick-up and removal. Mechanical blowing with a leaf blower can be a significant source of fugitive dust in some situations and can create nuisance conditions and cause health effects for sensitive individuals. Mechanical blowing can re-suspend dust particles that contain allergens, pollens, and molds, as well as pesticides, fecal contaminants, and toxic metals causing allergic reactions, asthma attacks and exacerbating other respiratory illnesses. Best Management Practices to Control Dust (a) Required Best Management Practices: Any person, owner, or operator who operates a mechanical leaf blower (gas, electric, or battery-powered) in a manner that is a dust generating activity or source shall use the following best management practices as necessary to prevent off-property transport of fugitive dust emissions (i) Low speed: use the lowest speed appropriate for the task and equipment. (ii) Operation: use the full length of the blow tube and place the nozzle as close to the ground as possible. (iii) High winds restriction: temporarily halt work activities during high wind events greater than 30 mph if operations would result in off-property transport. (b) Additional Best Management Practices: In the event 3.11(a)(i)-(iii) are ineffective to prevent off- property transport, the person, owner, or operator shall use at least one of the following best management practices: (i) Alternative method: use an alternative such as a rake, broom, shovel, manually push sweeper or a vacuum machine equipped with a filtration system. (ii) Prevent impact: do not blow dust and debris off-property or in close proximity to people, animals, open windows, air intakes, or onto adjacent property, public right-of-way, storm drainage facility, or watercourse. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 27 (iii) Minimize use on dirt: minimize the use of mechanical blower on unpaved surfaces, road shoulders, or loose dirt. (iv) Wet suppression: use a light spray of water, as necessary and appropriate considering current weather conditions, to dampen dusty work areas. Prevent water, dirt, and debris from entering any storm drainage facility, or watercourse. (v) Remove debris: remove and properly dispose of blown material immediately. Above: These photos illustrate alternative methods to mechanical blowing that can minimize dust generation. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 28 4.0 Dust Control Plan for Land Development Greater Than Five Acres A dust control plan is required for all development projects or construction sites with greater than five (5) acres in size. If the project is required to obtain a development construction permit, then the dust control plan shall be submitted with the development review application or the development construction permit application. A copy of the dust control plan shall be available onsite at all times for compliance and inspection purposes. For dust control plans associated with a Development Construction Permit (DCP) issued by the City, applications for the DCP are available online at www.fcgov.com/developmentreview/applications.php. The dust control plan may be submitted on the Dust Control Plan Form included in Chapter 4 of this Manual or other equivalent format and shall include the following information: Project name and location. Name and contact information of property owner. Project start and completion dates. Name and contact information of the developer, general contractor, and each contractor or operator that will be engaged in an earthmoving activity. Total size of the development project or construction site in acres. A description of the project phasing or sequencing of the project to minimize the amount of disturbed surface area at any one time during the project. A list of each dust generating activity or source associated with the project. A list of each best management practice and engineering control that will be implemented for each dust generating activity or source. A list of additional best management practices that will be implemented if initial controls are ineffective. A signed statement from the property owner, developer, general contractor, and each contractor or operator engaged in an earthmoving activity acknowledging receipt of the Dust Control Plan and an understanding of and ability to comply with the best management practices in the plan. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 29 DUST CONTROL PLAN PROJECT INFORMATION Project Name Project Location Start and Completion Dates Total Size of Project Site (acres) Maximum disturbed surface area at any one time (acres) Property Owner name, address, phone, e-mail Developer name, address, phone, e-mail General Contractor name, address, phone, e-mail Subcontractor or Operator of a dust generating activity or source name, address, phone, e-mail Subcontractor or Operator of a dust generating activity or source name, address, phone, e-mail Subcontractor or Operator of a dust generating activity or source name, address, phone, e-mail PROJECT PHASING OR SEQUENCING Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 30 Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 31 Dust Prevention and Control Checklist Instructions: For projects over 5 acres, in addition to developing a Dust Control Plan (see chapter 4 of the manual), place an X in each box indicating all best management practices (BMPs) that will be implemented for each activity. Fully shaded boxes are required BMPs, hatched boxes are additional BMPs. For projects less than 5 acres, the BMPs for bulk materials transport and saw cutting/grinding are required; other BMPs are listed for use as a guide for preventing and controlling dust. Dust Generating Activity /Best Management Practice Ea r t h m o v i n g De m o l i t i o n / Re n o v a t i o n St o c k p i l e St r e e t S w e e p i n g Tr a c k -ou t / Ca r r y -ou t Bu l k M a t e r i a l s Tr a n s p o r t Un p a v e d R o a d s an d H a u l R o a d s Un p a v e d Pa r k i n g Lo t * Pa v e d P a r k i n g L o t * Op e n A r e a * Sa w C u t t i n g o r Gr i n d i n g Ab r a s i v e B l a s t i n g Me c h a n i c a l Bl o w i n g Abrasive media Asbestos or lead materials Construction sequencing Cover Cover Load Enclosure Equipment & work area clean up Erosion control plan High winds restriction Location Mechanical blowing techniques Minimize disturbed area Minimize drop height On-tool local exhaust ventilation On-tool wet suppression Other method Reduce vehicle speeds Remove deposition Restrict access Slurry clean up Soil retention Stockpile permit Surface improvements Surface roughening Sweeping Track-out prevention system Uncontrolled sweeping prohibited Vacuum Vegetation Wet suppression Wind barrier *Note that in the parking lot and open area standards, only select one of the required BMPs to be in compliance. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 32 5.0 Resources 5.1 Cross Reference to Codes, Standards, Regulations, and Policies Earthmoving Activities Fort Collins Land Use Code Article 3 General Development Standards §3.2.2 Access, Circulation and Parking. Fort Collins Land Use Code Article 3 General Development Standards §3.4.1(N) Standards for Protection During Construction. Fort Collins Land Use Code Article 3 General Development Standards §3.4.2 Air Quality. Fort Collins City Code, Chapter 5 Buildings and Building Regulations, Section 5-27 (59) §3602.1.1 Building demolitions. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 20 Nuisances, Article 1 In General, §20-1 Air pollution nuisances prohibited. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 23 Public Property §23-16. Permit required; exception in case of emergency. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 26 Utilities, Article VII Stormwater Utility, §26-498 Water quality control. Fort Collins Stormwater Criteria Manual, Volume 3, Chapter 7, Section 1.3 Policy, Standards and Submittal Requirements, §1.3.3.e.5. Fort Collins Stormwater Criteria Manual – Fact Sheet SM-1 Construction Phasing/Sequencing and Fact Sheet EC-1 Surface Roughening. Larimer County Land Use Code §8.11.4. Fugitive dust during construction. State of Colorado, Air Quality Control Commission, 5 CCR 1001-3, Regulation No. 1, §III.D.2.b Construction Activities. OSHA Safety and Health Regulations for Construction 29 CFR Part 1926.55 Gases, vapors, fumes, dusts, and mists. Demolition and Renovation Fort Collins Land Use Code, Division 2.7 Building Permits §2.7.1 Fort Collins City Code, Chapter 5 Buildings and Building Regulations, Section 5-27 (59) §3602.1.1 Building demolitions. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 33 Fort Collins City Code Chapter 20 Nuisances, Article 1 In General, §20-1 Air pollution nuisances prohibited. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 26 Utilities, Article VII Stormwater Utility, §26-498 Water quality control. State of Colorado, Air Quality Control Commission, Regulation Number 8, Part B Control of Hazardous Air Pollutants, 5 CCR 1001-10. Stockpiles Fort Collins Land Use Code, Division 2.6 Stockpiling Permits and Development Construction Permits §2.6.2. Fort Collins Land Use Code §2.6.3 (K) Stockpiling Permit and Development Construction Permit Review Procedures. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 20 Nuisances, Article 1 In General, §20-1 Air pollution nuisances prohibited. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 26 Utilities, Article VII Stormwater Utility, §26-498 Water quality control. Fort Collins Stormwater Criteria Manual Volume 3, Chapter 7, Section 1.3 Policy, Standards and Submittal Requirements, §1.3.3.e.7. Fort Collins Stormwater Criteria Manual - Fact Sheet MM-2 Stockpile Management. State of Colorado, Air Quality Control Commission, 5 CCR 1001-3, Regulation No. 1, §III.D.2.c Storage and Handling of Materials. Street Sweeping Fort Collins City Code Chapter 20 Nuisances, Article 1 In General, §20-1 Air pollution nuisances prohibited. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 26 Utilities, Article VII Stormwater Utility, §26-498 Water quality control. Fort Collins Stormwater Criteria Manual - Fact Sheet SM-7 Street Sweeping and Vacuuming. Track-out/Carry-out Fort Collins Traffic Code, Part 1407 Spilling loads on highways prohibited. Fort Collins Land Use Code §5.2.1 Definitions Maintenance (of a newly constructed street). Fort Collins City Code: Chapter 20 – Nuisances, Article V - Dirt, Debris and Construction Waste, §Sec. 20-62. Depositing on streets prohibited. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 26 Utilities, Article VII Stormwater Utility, §26-498 Water quality control. Fort Collins Stormwater Criteria Manual, Volume 3, Chapter 7, Section 1.3 Policy, Standards and Submittal Requirements, §1.3.3.e.8. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 34 Fort Collins Stormwater Criteria Manual – Fact Sheet SM-4 Vehicle Tracking Control. Fort Collins Stormwater Criteria Manual – Fact Sheet SM-7 Street Sweeping and Vacuuming. State of Colorado, Air Quality Control Commission, 5 CCR 1001-3, Regulation No. 1, §III.D.2.a.(ii).(B) General Requirements. Bulk Materials Transport Fort Collins Traffic Code, Part 1407 Spilling loads on highways prohibited. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 20 Nuisances, Article 1 In General, §20-1 Air pollution nuisances prohibited. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 26 Utilities, Article VII Stormwater Utility, §26-498 Water quality control. State of Colorado, Air Quality Control Commission, 5 CCR 1001-3, Regulation No. 1, §III.D.2.f Haul Trucks. Colorado Revised Statutes. 42-4-1407 Spilling loads on highways prohibited. Unpaved Roads and Haul Roads Fort Collins City Code Chapter 20 Nuisances, Article 1 In General, §20-1 Air pollution nuisances prohibited. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 26 Utilities, Article VII Stormwater Utility, §26-498 Water quality control. State of Colorado, Air Quality Control Commission, 5 CCR 1001-3, Regulation No. 1, §III.D.2.a Roadways and §III.D.2.e Haul Roads. Parking Lots Fort Collins City Code Chapter 20 Nuisances, Article 1 In General, §20-1 Air pollution nuisances prohibited. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 26 Utilities, Article VII Stormwater Utility, §26-498 Water quality control. Open Areas and Vacant Lots Fort Collins City Code Chapter 20 Nuisances, Article 1 In General, §20-1 Air pollution nuisances prohibited. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 26 Utilities, Article VII Stormwater Utility, §26-498 Water quality control. Saw Cutting and Grinding Fort Collins City Code Chapter 20 Nuisances, Article 1 In General, §20-1 Air pollution nuisances prohibited. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 26 Utilities, Article VII Stormwater Utility, §26-498 Water quality control. Fort Collins Stormwater Criteria Manual – Fact Sheet SM-12 Paving and Grinding Operations. Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 35 Colorado Department of Transportation Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, Section 208.04 Best Management Practices for Stormwater. Abrasive Blasting Fort Collins City Code Chapter 20 Nuisances, Article 1 In General, §20-1 Air pollution nuisances prohibited. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 26 Utilities, Article VII Stormwater Utility, §26-498 Water quality control. Mechanical (Leaf) Blowing Fort Collins City Code Chapter 20 Nuisances, Article 1 In General, §20-1 Air pollution nuisances prohibited. Fort Collins City Code Chapter 26 Utilities, Article VII Stormwater Utility, §26-498 Water quality control. 5.2 City of Fort Collins Manuals and Policies Fort Collins Stormwater Criteria Manual http://www.fcgov.com/utilities/business/builders-and- developers/development-forms-guidelines-regulations/stormwater-criteria City of Fort Collins Parks and Recreation Environmental Best Management Practices Manual 2011, Chapter Four: Best Management Practices for Construction http://www.fcgov.com/parks/pdf/bmp.pdf City of Fort Collins Building Design and Construction Standards, Oct. 2013 http://www.fcgov.com/opserv/pdf/building-design-standards2.pdf?1390850442 City of Fort Collins, Recommended Species and Application Rates of Perennial Native Upland Grass Seed for Fort Collins, Colorado. City of Fort Collins Plant List, April 2011. 5.3 References for Dust Control Leaf Blowing A Report to the California Legislature on the Potential Health and Environmental Impacts of Leaf Blowers, California Environmental Protection Agency – Air Resources Board, Feb. 2000. http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/mailouts/msc0005/msc0005.pdf Abrasive Blasting Sandblasting and Other Air-based Blasting Fact Sheet, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, Dec. 2011. Protecting Workers from the Hazards of Abrasive Blasting Materials, OSHA Fact Sheet. California Air Resources Board, Abrasive Blasting Program. http://www.arb.ca.gov/ba/certabr/certabr.htm Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 36 Saw Cutting OSHA Fact Sheet on Crystalline Silica Exposure https://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_General_Facts/crystalline-factsheet.pdf State of New Jersey – Dry Cutting and Grinding Fact Sheet http://www.state.nj.us/health/surv/documents/dry_cutting.pdf Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Engineering Controls for Silica in Construction http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/silica/cutoffsaws.html Shepherd-S; Woskie-S, Controlling Dust from Concrete Saw Cutting. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 2013 Feb; 10(2):64-70. http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/20042808.html Akbar-Khanzadeh F, Milz SA, Wagner CD, Bisesi MS, Ames AL, Khuder S, Susi P, Akbar-Khanzadeh M, Effectiveness of dust control methods for crystalline silica and respirable suspended particulate matter exposure during manual concrete surface grinding. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 2010 Dec;7(12):700-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21058155 HSE, On-Tool Controls to Reduce Exposure to Respirable Dusts in the Construction Industry – A Review. Health and Safety Executive, RR926, 2012, Derbyshire, U.K. http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr926.pdf Croteau G, Guffey S, Flanagan ME, Seixas N, The Effect of Local Exhaust Ventilation Controls on Dust Exposures During Concrete Cutting and Grinding Activities. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 2002 63:458–467 http://deohs.washington.edu/sites/default/files/images/general/CroteauThesis.pdf Unpaved Roads, Parking Lots, and Open Areas Dust Control from Unpaved Roads and Surfaces, Code 373, USDA-NRCS, April 2010. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs143_025946.pdf CPWA, 2005, Dust Control for Unpaved Roads, A Best Practice by the National Guide to Sustainable Municipal Infrastructure, Canadian Public Works Association. Colorado Forest Road Field Handbook, Colorado State Forest, Editor: Richard M. Edwards, CF; CSFS Assistant Staff Forester, July 2011. Fay L., Kociolek A., Road Dust Management and Future Needs: 2008 Conference Proceedings, Western Transportation Institute, March 2009. Chemical Stabilizers Interim Guidelines on Dust Palliative Use in Clark County, Nevada. Nevada Division of Environmental Protection, Feb. 2001. http://ndep.nv.gov/admin/dustpa1.pdf Bolander, Peter, ed. 1999. Dust Palliative Selection and Application Guide. Project Report. 9977-1207- SDTDC. San Dimas, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, San Dimas Technology and Development Center. http://www.fs.fed.us/eng/pubs/html/99771207/99771207.html Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 37 Techniques for Fugitive Dust Control – Chemical Suppressants, City of Albuquerque NM, website last accessed on Oct. 25, 2014. http://www.cabq.gov/airquality/business-programs-permits/ordinances/fugitive-dust/fugitive-dust- control USDA BioPreferred Catalog: Dust Suppressants http://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/catalog/Catalog.xhtml USGS Columbia Environmental Research Center Project: Environmental Effects of Dust Suppressant Chemicals on Roadside Plant and Animal Communities, http://www.cerc.usgs.gov/Projects.aspx?ProjectId=77 Street Sweeping U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Stormwater Best Management Practices: Street Sweeper Fact Sheet. http://environment.fhwa.dot.gov/ecosystems/ultraurb/3fs16.asp Agriculture and Livestock Agricultural Air Quality Conservation Measures - Reference Guide for Cropping Systems and General Land Management, USDA-NRCS, Oct. 2012. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/stelprdb1049502.pdf Dust Control from Animal Activity on Open Lot Surfaces, Code 375, USDA-NRCS, Sept. 2010. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs143_025821.pdf Residue and Tillage Management, Reduced Till, Code 345, USDA-NRCS, Dec. 2013. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/stelprdb1251402.pdf Herbaceous Wind Barriers, Code 603, USDA-NRCS, Jan. 2010. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs143_025927.pdf Michalewicz, D. A., J. D. Wanjura, B. W. Shaw, and C. B. Parnell. 2005. Evaluation of sources and controls of fugitive dust from agricultural operations. In Proc. 2005 Beltwide Cotton Conference. http://caaqes.tamu.edu/Publication-Particulate%20Matter.html Harner J., Maghirang R., Razote E., Water Requirements for Dust Control on Feedlots, from the proceedings of Mitigating Air Emissions From Animal Feeding Operations Conference, May 2008. http://www.extension.org/pages/23966/water-requirements-for-dust-control-on-feedlots California Air Pollution Control Officers Association Agriculture Clearinghouse http://www.capcoa.org/ag-clearinghouse/ U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service - Nevada, Fugitive Dust: A Guide to the Control of Windblown Dust on Agricultural Lands in Nevada. Jan. 2007. http://www.cdsn.org/images/FugitiveDustGuide_v7_201_.pdf Demolition and Renovation CDPHE, Demolition and Asbestos Abatement forms and information https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/cdphe/asbestos-forms Dust Prevention and Control Manual Page 38 Earthmoving Activities CDPHE, An Overview of Colorado Air Regulations for Land Development, August 2014 https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/sites/default/files/AP_Land-Development-Guidance-Document_1.pdf Working With Dirt When the Wind Blows http://www.gradingandexcavation.com/GX/Articles/Working_With_Dirt_When_the_Wind_Blows_5455 .aspx EPA – Stormwater Best Management Practices: Dust Control http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/npdes/swbmp/Dust-Control.cfm EPA – Stormwater Best Management Practices: Wind Fences and Sand Fences http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/npdes/swbmp/Wind-Fences-and-Sand-Fences.cfm EPA – Stormwater Best Management Practices: Construction Sequencing http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/npdes/swbmp/Construction-Sequencing.cfm EPA – Stormwater Best Management Practices: Construction Entrances http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/npdes/swbmp/Construction-Entrances.cfm An Overview of Colorado Air Regulations for Land Development. Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment – Air Pollution Control Division. https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/sites/default/files/AP_Land-Development-Guidance-Document_1.pdf Health Effects of Particulate Matter U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Integrated Science Assessment for Particulate Matter. EPA/600/R-08/139F Dec. 2009. http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=216546#Download World Health Organization, Health Effects of Particulate Matter - Policy. 2013 http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/189051/Health-effects-of-particulate-matter- final-Eng.pdf Preventing Silicosis in Construction Workers, NIOSH http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/96-112/ General Dust Abatement Handbook, Maricopa County Air Quality Department, June 2013. http://www.maricopa.gov/aq/divisions/compliance/dust/docs/pdf/Rule%20310-Dust%20Handbook.pdf Fugitive Dust Control: Self Inspection Handbook, California Air Resources Board, 2007. http://www.arb.ca.gov/pm/fugitivedust_large.pdf WRAP Fugitive Dust Handbook, Western Governors’ Association. Sept. 2006. Managing Fugitive Dust: A Guide for Compliance with the Air Regulatory Requirements for Particulate Matter Generation, Michigan Department of Environmental Quality. March 2014. Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, Rules and Regulations, Rule 805 Odors and Dust http://cogcc.state.co.us/ APPENDIX I EROSION CONTROL PLANS · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·