HomeMy WebLinkAboutHERITAGE PARK - MJA220001 - SUBMITTAL DOCUMENTS - ROUND 1 - ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
Heritage Park Apartments – Major Amendment
Environmental Characterization Study
January 2022
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Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1
2.0 Site Description ........................................................................................................................... 1
3.0 Methods ...................................................................................................................................... 2
3.1 Desktop Review ..................................................................................................................... 2
3.2 Site Assessment ..................................................................................................................... 2
4.0 Ecological characterization ........................................................................................................... 7
4.1 Vegetation ............................................................................................................................. 7
4.1.1 Noxious Weeds ..................................................................................................... 7
4.2 Wetlands ............................................................................................................................... 7
4.2.1 Desktop Analysis ................................................................................................... 7
4.2.2 Field Sampling ...................................................................................................... 8
4.3 Top of Bank Delineation ......................................................................................................... 8
4.4 Wildlife .................................................................................................................................. 9
4.4.1 Big Game .............................................................................................................. 9
4.4.2 Predators .............................................................................................................. 9
4.4.3 Other Mammals..................................................................................................... 9
4.4.4 Raptors ................................................................................................................ 9
4.4.5 Upland Game Birds .............................................................................................. 10
4.4.6 Waterfowl and Shorebirds .................................................................................... 10
4.4.7 Migratory Songbirds ............................................................................................ 10
4.4.8 Amphibians, Reptiles, and Aquatic Species ............................................................ 10
4.5 Prominent Views .................................................................................................................. 11
4.6 Sensitive and Specially Valued Species .................................................................................. 11
4.7 Wildlife Migration Corridors ................................................................................................... 13
4.8 General Ecological Functions ................................................................................................. 13
4.9 Timing of Development in Relation to Ecological Character ..................................................... 13
5.0 Mitigation measures and Recommendations ................................................................................ 14
6.0 Literature Cited and Data Sources .............................................................................................. 15
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In-text Maps and Tables
Map 1. Site Location ............................................................................................................................ 3
Map 2. Natural Habitats and Features .................................................................................................. 4
Map 3. Natural Habitats and Features Buffer Zone ................................................................................ 5
Map 4. Soils ........................................................................................................................................ 6
Table 1. Soils Occurring on the Site ...................................................................................................... 8
Table 2. Special Status Species With Potential to Occur on Site ............................................................ 12
Table 3. Potentially Applicable Buffers ................................................................................................ 14
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Heritage Park Apartment Complex proposes the construction of additional townhomes and associated
facilities within undeveloped areas of the site. The site is within 500 feet of the Fischer Natural Area and
known natural habitats of value to the City of Fort Collins (City) – Spring Creek, Larimer County Canal #2,
New Mercer Canal, native grasslands, naturalized freshwater ponds, and emergent wetlands. Thus, an
Ecological Characterization Study is required, under Article 3, Section 3.4.1 of the City’s Land Use Code
(LUC 3.4.1). LUC 3.4.1 stipulates buffers of varying sizes be applied the various natural resources present
on site.
This Environmental Characterization Study provides a summary of the findings of field work, including
raptor nest surveys, wildlife observations, prairie dog survey, top of bank and wetland delineations, and
characterization of vegetative communities conducted on December 7, 2021. An additional site visit will be
conducted during the 2022 growing season to verify and updated delineation boundaries and associated
vegetation located within the natural habitats.
2.0 SITE DESCRIPTION
The site is located at the northwest corner of the South Shields St. and West Stuart St. intersection in
northwest Fort Collins. The 14.8-acre site is entirely within Section 22, Township 7 North, Range 69 West,
of the Sixth Principal Meridian. Near the center of the site the coordinates are 40.564910 and -105.097730
and remains fairly level at an approximate elevation of 5,030 feet with minimal slope (east to northeast
aspects).
The site is immediately bordered South Shields St. to the east, West Stuart St. to the south, residential
neighborhoods to the west and a tributary of Spring Creek to the north. A mix of residential and commercial
developments comprise most of the greater area surrounding the stie, with relatively small isolated
undisturbed areas which include agricultural fields, city parks and trails, and natural areas. The Fisher and
Red Fox Meadows Natural Areas are located to the southwest and west of the site, respectively (within 0.5
miles).
Spring Creek is an intermittent stream flowing from southwest to northeast and eventually draining into
the Cache la Poudre River, while Larimer County Canal #2 and New Mercer Canal are irrigation ditches that
may or may not convey perennial flow. The unnamed tributary of Spring Creek is a naturalized stormwater
system which flows west to east and may or may not convey perennial flow within a defined channel.
Wetlands within the survey area are associated with the unnamed tributary and it is possible that they
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would be considered jurisdictional given the downstream connectivity to the Cache La Poudre River via
Spring Creek. A formal request for jurisdictional determination has not been made at the time of this report.
3.0 METHODS
3.1 Desktop Review
A data review was conducted to gather information and assist in the evaluation of potential natural
biological resources within the property. The data review entailed an evaluation of online resources and
publications to determine the presence or potential occurrence of important natural and biological
resources. This data review included:
• U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Federally Listed and Proposed Endangered, Threatened,
and Candidate Species and Critical Habitat as identified by the USFWS Information, Planning, and
Conservation System (IPaC) Official Species List and Critical Habitat Mapper;
• Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) and Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (BGEPA) protected
species as identified on the IPAC Trust Resources Report;
• The Colorado Natural Heritage Program database state-wide species and natural community
tracking list for Larimer County;
• Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW) Threatened and Endangered Species List;
• City’s Natural Areas Species of Concern list (Restoration Plan 2016-2025, 2016);
• The City’s Land Use Code (Article 3, Section 3.4.1);
• The City’s Natural Habitat and Features Inventory Map (2000);
• The Colorado Wetland Inventory (CWI);
• USFWS National Wetlands Inventory (NWI); and
• US Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Web Soil Survey.
3.2 Site Assessment
Field surveys on December 7, 2021, for the ECS focused on top of bank delineation, raptor nest survey,
prairie dog colony delineation, wetland delineation, vegetation characterization, noxious weed observations,
and assessment of wildlife habitat and utilization. Vegetation will be verified in the spring of 2022. Due to
access restrictions within the larger survey area, off-site habitats and features were not visited during the
field survey. All off-site habitats and features are based on data collected during the desktop review.
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4.0 ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION
4.1 Vegetation
Initial field surveys were conducted outside the growing season (April to October) on December 7, 2021,
to appropriately describe the habitat features and vegetative communities on site. A secondary site visit
will occur inside of the growing season to verify the initial findings discussed below.
4.1.1 Noxious Weeds
No noxious weeds were observed during field survey outside of growing season.
4.2 Wetlands
4.2.1 Desktop Analysis
CWI and NWI depict a total of 1.49 acres of PEM1Ch and 0.33 acres of PSS1C wetlands along the unnamed
tributary, intersecting the site. A PEM1Ch wetland is a freshwater emergent wetland characterized by
persistent, herbaceous hydrophytic vegetation and experiences seasonal flooding by surface water but has
been modified by a dike or impoundment. A PSS1C wetland is a freshwater forested/shrub wetland
characterized by dominant broad-leaved deciduous vegetation and experiences seasonal flooding by
surface water. NWI also depicts a continuous riverine wetland along the Larimer County Canal #2,
intersecting the site, but this was not observed during the field survey. NWI is based on historical aerial
imagery and is primarily used for preliminary desktop analyses of an area and is superseded by ground
truthing.
Soil types occurring on the site are summarized in Table 1 and are depicted on Map 4. Soils according to
WSS are generally gently sloping, well-drained loams and clay loams. The exception is the Caruso clay loam
which is characterized as a somewhat poorly drained clay loam / sandy loam found along the unnamed
tributary. None of the three soils located on site are defined as hydric, but the delineated wetlands are
associated with the Altvan-Satanta loams (3-9 percent slopes) and NWI indicates that there are wetlands
associated with the Caruso clay loam series as well.
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4.2.2 Field Sampling
Wetlands along the unnamed tributary are displayed in Maps 2 and 3. The wetland on site is dominated by
obligate species such as narrowleaf cattail (Typha angustifolia) and common spike-rush (Eleocharis
palustris). Tree cover is consistent along the wetland boarder, comprised primarily of plains cottonwood
(Populus deltoides). Wetlands on site provide cover, forage, and nesting habitat for a variety of species.
Additionally, these wetlands function as a flood control and groundwater recharge system that benefits the
industrial, rural, and residential uses within and nearby the site.
4.3 Top of Bank Delineation
Top of bank for this study was identified based on the bankfull dimensions. The bankfull stage is the
dominant channel-forming flow over time and has a recurrence interval of approximately 1.5 years. Bankfull
flows may occur every other year or even several times within a year (CDPHE 2012). Following identification
of bankfull dimensions, the top of bank is determined by locating the first major break in the slope of the
stream banks above the stream’s bankfull level. The top of bank locations were recorded with a handheld
GPS device and pin flags were also placed to denote the location in the field.
The wetland boundary along the unnamed tributary follows closely to the top of bank for this feature. Thus,
the wetland boundary serves as the top of bank delineation displayed in Maps 2 and 3.
Soil Map Unit Number
and Name Description
Runoff
Class Hydric Acres
% of
Area
3 - Altvan-Satanta loams,
0 to 3 percent slopes
Well drained loam, clay loam, and gravelly sand; depth
to water table more than 80 inches.Low No 8.2 55.44287
4 - Altvan-Satanta loams,
3 to 9 percent slopes
Well-drained loam and clay loam; depth to water table
more than 80 inches.Low No 6.5 43.61055
22 - Caruso clay loam, 0
to 1 percent slopes
Somewhat poorly-drained clay loam, fine sandy loam,
and gravelly sand; depth to water table about 24 to 48
inches.High No*0.1 0.946586
Total 14.8 100
*All of the minor components in this series (Loveland and Fluvaquents) are rated as hydric.
Table 1 Soils Occuring on the Site
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4.4 Wildlife
There were no wildlife observations during the initial survey. There is no evidence of current or past small
mammal colonies on site. There were no raptor or eagle nests found on site. As can be seen on Map 3,
most of the natural habitats within the survey area have no effect on the site. Habitats and features of
most concern to the proposed development are the emergent wetlands located along the unnamed
tributary.
4.4.1 Big Game
The value of the site and adjacent areas to big game is low due to the existing developments on site and
the fragmentation caused by the urban sprawl in the site’s proximity. No crucial big game habitats are
recognized on or near the site. In theory, the unnamed tributary could provide some marginal cover/shelter
for big game, and the agricultural field to the east could provide some cover and/or feed when crops are
mature.
4.4.2 Predators
The value of the site and adjacent areas to predators is limited by the lack of prey species supported on
site. In theory, mid-sized predator species including red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and coyote (Canis latrans) may
utilize the undeveloped sections of the site for temporary shelter, water, or access to other more suitable
areas in the site’s proximity. Mink (Neovison vison), long-tailed weasel (Mustela frenata), and badger
(Taxidea taxus) are also known to occur locally but are less likely to utilize the site.
4.4.3 Other Mammals
The habitats of most value to other mammals on the site are located along the unnamed tributary. The
dense herbaceous understory and presence of shrub and tree strata with an adjacent water supply is very
beneficial to a variety of small and medium sized mammal species which are known to occur locally,
including various small rodents such as mice, rats, ground squirrels, chipmunks, and cottontails. Such prey
species are cyclically common, widespread throughout the region, and are important food sources for
raptors and other predators. Striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) are likely to utilize the site as they thrive
in urban and semi-urban areas. Various bats could also frequent the unnamed tributary, the canals, and
Spring Creek. Two common bat species that are consistently found in Fort Collins and roost primarily in
trees are hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus) and silver-haired bats (Lasionycteris noctivagans).
4.4.4 Raptors
The habitats of most value to raptors on the site are located along the unnamed tributary. Raptor species
known to occur in the region include turkey vulture (Cathartes aura), bald eagle (Haleaeetus
leucocephalus), golden eagle (Aquila chrysateos), ferruginous hawk (Buteo regalis), Swainson’s hawk
(Buteo swainsoni), northern harrier (Circus cyaneus), rough-legged hawk (Buteo lagopus), and prairie
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falcon (Falco mexicanus). Some of these species are year round residents, some are seasonal visitors, and
some are migrants. Additional owl species which could potentially frequent the property include the barn
owl (Tyto alba), great horned owl (Bubo virginianus), long-eared owl (Asio otus), and short-eared owl (Asio
flammeus). There is no suitable habitat for the northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis), screech owl
(Megascops spp.), or peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus).
According to the CPW database, there is no foraging habitat, concentration areas, or nesting sites for Bald
Eagles within 2.0 miles of the site. The initial field survey confirmed that there are no suitable locations for
winter roosting on site.
4.4.5 Upland Game Birds
The value of the site and adjacent areas to upland game birds is low due to the existing developments on
site and the fragmentation caused by the urban sprawl in the site’s proximity. Species including mourning
doves (Zenaida macroura), wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), gray (or Hungarian) partridge (Perdix perdix),
and ring-necked pheasant (Phasianellus colchicus) are known to occur locally but are unlikely to utilize the
site.
4.4.6 Waterfowl and Shorebirds
The site and surrounding area provide some value to resident or water-obligate migratory stopovers,
waterfowl, and shorebirds in the form of cover and food sources provided by perennial/semi-perennial
waterbodies (freshwater ponds along the unnamed tributary, Spring Creek, and the canals). Such species
include American wigeon (Anas Americana), wood duck (Aix sponsa), gulls, belted kingfisher (Megaceryle
alcyon), killdeer, herons, swifts, and swallows. There are no concentration areas for migratory or nesting
waterfowl or shorebirds within the survey area, however Canada geese (Branta canadensis) could
occasionally glean agricultural leftovers from the cultivated field to the east in large numbers.
4.4.7 Migratory Songbirds
Nesting activity on site, whether on the ground or in trees/shrubs, is likely to be limited to portions of the
unnamed tributary. Foraging grounds and cover for several species, including woodpeckers, sparrows, and
black-capped chickadee (Poecile atricapillus), are possible in the same area. Other species know to occur
locally with the potential to utilize parts of the survey area include red-winged blackbird (Agelaius
phoeniceus), barn swallow (Hirundo rustica), Brewer’s blackbird (Euphagus cyanocephalus), cliff swallow
(Petrochelidon pyrrhonota), Bullock’s oriole (Icterus bullockii), western kingbird (Tyrannus verticalis), house
finch (Haemorhous mexicanus), and American goldfinch (Spinus tristis).
4.4.8 Amphibians, Reptiles, and Aquatic Species
The habitats of most value to amphibians and reptiles on the site are located along the unnamed tributary.
The wetlands, wet meadows, and shallow freshwater ponds provide potential habitat for locally common
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riparian amphibian and reptiles, including the western chorus frog (Pseudacris triseriata), bullfrogs
(Lithobates catesbeianus), plains spadefood (Spea bombifrons), Woodhouse’s toad (Bufo woodhousei), and
tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum). Less common riparian species include the common garter snake
(Thamnophis sirtalis), wandering (terrestrial) gartersnake (Thamnophis elegans vagrans), western painted
turtle (Chrysemsys picta bellii), eastern snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina serpentina), and ornate box
turtle (Terrapene ornata ornata). The presence of small mammals provides suitable prey base for other
common upland reptile species, including the bullsnake (Pituophis catenifer sayi), prairie rattlesnake
(Crotalus viridis), eastern yellow-bellied racer (Coluber constrictor flaviventris), and plains hog-nosed snake
(Heterodon nasicus). Spring Creek provides some marginal perennial aquatic habitat within the larger
survey area, suitable for species like crayfish. The lack of deep water on site limits the presence and
diversity of fish and macroinvertebrates.
4.5 Prominent Views
There are no prominent views from the site. Views in all directions are obstructed by residential
development, commercial development, urban traffic, and/or agricultural practices.
4.6 Sensitive and Specially Valued Species
A current list of federally threatened, endangered, proposed, and candidate species, and designated critical
habitat that may occur within the study area was obtained from the USFWS IPaC website (2022). Table 2
lists the potential species, associated critical habitats, and federal status. Presence of habitat(s) on site and
the likelihood that those habitats will be affected by the proposed development are also listed in the table.
No USFWS designated critical habitat occurs in or near the site. Suitable habitat for CPW, Larimer County,
and City species of concern/interest is limited due to the habitat alteration resulting from current land uses,
including the Preble’s meadow jumping mouse (Zapus hudsonius preblei), the black-tailed prairie dog, and
the burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia).
The bald eagle was removed from the federal list of Threatened and Endangered species in 2007, but it
continues to enjoy protection under the Migratory Bird Act Treaty (MBAT) and the Bald and Golden Eagle
Protection Act (BGEPA).
None of the species listed by any of the city, county, or other agencies were observed during the initial
field survey. The wetland, wet meadow and aquatic habitats along the unnamed tributary contain the
highest potential for these species and will be re-assessed during the growing season prior to ground
disturbance. The proposed disturbance will not directly affect any of these habitats and considering that
these habitats are currently surrounded by developed areas, it is likely that any species currently inhabiting
or utilizing these areas have been desensitized to the indirect disturbances (i.e. noise and light pollution)
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which may be caused by the proposed development. Therefore, it was determined that the proposed
development will have no effect on the habitat(s) on site.
Species
Federal
Status1 Habitat
Habitat
Present?Determination
Mammals
Canada Lynx
(Lynx canadensis)T
Moist boreal/subalpine forests in the
Western U.S. with cold, snowy winters
and a high-density snowshoe hare prey
base.
No No Effect
Preble's Meadow Jumping Mouse
(Zapus hudsonius preblei)T
Lush vegetation along watercourses or
herbaceous understories in wooded areas
near water.
Negligible No Effect
Birds
Bald Eagle
(Haliaeetus leucocephalus)DL
Winter in forested areas adjacent to large
bodies of water; utilize super-canopy
roost trees that are open and accessible
No No Effect
Burrowing Owl
(Athene cunicularia)NL
Open, treeless areas within grassland,
steppe, and desert biomes. Gently-sloping
areas, characterized by low, sparse
vegetation; associated with high densities
of burrowing mammals such as prairie
dogs.
No No Effect
Eastern Black Rail
(Laterallus jamaicensis ssp. jamaicensis)T
Salt, brackish, and freshwater marshes,
pond borders, wet meadows, and grassy
"swamps."
Minimal wet
meadow No Effect
Piping Plover
(Charadrius melodus)T Sandy beaches, sandflats, dredge islands,
and drained river floodplains.No No Effect
Whooping Crane
(Grus americana)E
Wetlands, inland marshes, lakes, ponds,
wet meadows and rivers, and agricultural
fields.
Yes No Effect
Fishes
Greenback Cutthroat Trout
(Oncorhynchus clarkii stomias)T
This species inhabits cold water streams
and lakes with adequate stream spawning
habitat during spring.
No No Effect
Pallid Sturgeon
(Scaphirhynchus albus)E
Large, free-flowing, warm-water, and
turbid rivers with a diverse assemblage of
physical habitats.
No No Effect
Insects
Monarch Butterfly
(Danaus plexippus)C
No critical habitat has been designated for
this species. Known to inhabit open fields
and meadows with milkweed in the spring
and summer months.
Minimal wet
meadows No Effect
Flowering Plants
Ute Ladies'-tresses
(Spiranthes diluvialis)T Seasonally moist soils and wet meadows
of drainages below 7,000 ft. of elevation.
Minimal wet
meadow No Effect
Western Prairie Fringed Orchid
(Platanthera praeclara)T Tall grass prairie on unplowed, calcareous
soils, and sedge meadows.
Minimal wet
meadow No Effect
1DL = Delisted, NL = Not Listed, E = Endangered, T = Threatened, PT = Proposed Threatened, C = Candidate
Table 2 Special Status Species with Potential to Occur on the Site
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4.7 Wildlife Migration Corridors
The majority of the site has already been developed and it is located in mostly developed areas of the City,
surrounded by commercial and residential development, a single active agricultural field, and several urban
roads. It is highly unlikely that the site serves as a significant migration corridor for sensitive, unique, or
regionally protected wildlife. However, the unnamed tributary and the canals do provide some migratory
benefit to resident urban-adapted wildlife such as red foxes, raccoons, coyotes, and skunks, and provides
temporary stopover habitat for migrating birds. Canada geese likely glean agricultural remains in the crop
fields. The unnamed tributary provides access between the site and Spring Creek but is intersect by South
Shields St. The canals provide a connection between the site and the Fischer Natural Area, Red Fox
Meadows Natural Area, and the Ross Natural Area which is intersected by Spring Creek, but West Stuart
St. and Heatheridge Rd. provide a physical barrier between the site and the natural areas. Resulting
changes to wildlife corridor quality should be minimal because the property is located in a developed area
where wildlife is already accustomed to structures, roads, bridges, fences, buildings, and other habitat
modifications.
4.8 General Ecological Functions
The general ecological functions provided by the site have been reduced by multiple human-induced
stressors including residential development, commercial development, and agricultural practices. The minor
riparian habitat supported by Spring Creek, the wetlands on- and off-site, and the canals along the
southwest border provide some degree of shading, cover, and nesting opportunity for a variety of wildlife
species (particularly amphibians), flood abatement, water infiltration, and aesthetic appeal.
4.9 Timing of Development in Relation to Ecological Character
The MBTA specifically protects migratory birds and their nests from possession, sale, purchase, barter,
transport, import, export, and take. The regulatory definition of take (50 CFR 10.12) means to pursue,
hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect, or to attempt these actions.
It is recommended that ground-disturbing activities be conducted from late summer to late winter to avoid
the avian nesting and breeding season. If that is not compatible with construction schedules, additional
surveys are recommended prior to commencement of ground-disturbing activities to ensure compliance
with the MBTA.
To minimize impacts to the Preble’s mouse, ground-disturbing activities should be conducted during the
hibernation season (November through April). If that is not compatible with construction schedules
additional surveys are recommended prior to disturbance and vegetation within the affected habitat should
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be clipped to ground level one to two weeks prior to construction; this will discourage the project area’s
use by Preble’s mice.
5.0 MITIGATION MEASURES AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The primary mitigation measure for the Heritage Park Revitalization are the natural habitat buffers applied
to features throughout the study area. Table 3 lists the natural habitats and features, location within the
study area, and respective standards as defined by LUC 3.4.1. Buffers along water ways are applied to the
top of bank while buffers around habitats are applied to their respective boundaries. The wetlands found
along the unnamed tributary is likely supported by stormwater from surrounding areas and continues off
site where it ultimately empties into Spring Creek. It is common for these habitats and features to overlap,
so each natural habitat and feature found within the study area is first buffered per their respective
standards. These individual buffers are then combined to generate the overall buffer zone which is depicted
on Map 3. Habitats and features which are within the survey area but do not intersect with the property
may have buffers which overlap the site, these are also integrated into the overall buffer zone.
Given that the proposed disturbance is set away from the overall natural habitat zones occurring on site,
there are no recommended enhancements.
Type Location
Intersects
with Site?
Isolated Areas
Irrigation ditches that serve as wildlife corridors
Larimer County Canal #2 and New
Mercer Canal Yes 50
Isolated patches of native grassland or shrubland Fischer Natural Area No 50
Isolated patches of native upland or riparian forest
Larimer County Canal #2, New Mercer
Canal, and Spring Creek Yes 50
Naturalized stormdrainage channels/detention ponds Unnamed Tributary Yes 50
Wetlands > 1/3 acre in size, without significant use by
waterfowl and/or shorebirds Unnamed Tributary Yes 100
Stream Corridors
Spring Creek Spring Creek No 100
Special Habitat Features/Resources of Special Concern
None ---------
Table 3 Buffer Zone Table for Natural Habitats and Features within the Survey Area
Natural Habitat or Feature Buffer Zone
Standard (ft.)1
1 Buffer Zone Standards are sourced from the City's LUC 3.4.1(E)(2)(c) and may be modified as described in Section 3.4.1(E)(1)
to meet performance standards.
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6.0 LITERATURE CITED AND DATA SOURCES
City of Fort Collins – Natural Areas Department. 2016. Restoration Plan 2016-2025.
City of Fort Collins. 2000. Natural Habitat and Features Inventory Map.
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE). 2012. Colorado Nonpoint Source
Program 2012 Management Plan, Appendix G.
Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW). Threatened and Endangered Species List.
https://cpw.state.co.us/learn/Pages/SOC-ThreatenedEndangeredList.aspx. Accessed 1/3/2022.
Colorado Natural Heritage Program. Colorado Wetland Inventory.
https://csurams.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=a8e43760cb934a5084e89e
46922580cc. Accessed 1/3/2022.
Soil Survey Staff, Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Web
Soil Survey. Available online at https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/. Accessed 1/3/2022.
USACE. 1987. Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual.
USACE. 2010. Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Great Plains
(Version 2.0).
US Fish and Wildlife Service. Information, Planning, and Conservation System (IPaC).
https://ecos.fws.gov/ipac/. Accessed 1/3/2022.
US Fish and Wildlife Service. National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) Wetlands Mapper.
https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/. Accessed 1/3/2022.
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Photograph 1 – Representative of the wetland along the unnamed tributary.
Photograph 2 – Shows the boundary between wetland and upland along the unnamed tributary.