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HomeMy WebLinkAboutSTERLING SPECIAL REVIEW - COUNTY REFERRAL - 40-88 - SUBMITTAL DOCUMENTS - ROUND 2 - SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATIONWater Engineering & Technology, Int Poftw 419 Canyon, Suite 225 Fort Collins, Colorado 80521 U.S.A. 1-303-482-8201 May 13, 1988 March and Myatt 110 East Oak, Suite 200 Fort Collins, Colorado Attention: Ms. Lucia A. Liley Subject: Resource Consultants, Inc. Groundwater Evaluation Report Dear Lucia: Mike Harvey and I have reviewed a report by Resource Consultants, Inc. of Fort Collins entitled: "Evaluation of the Ground -water Resources in the Vicinity of Gravel Mining by Sterling Companies, Fort Collins, Colorado". The report was included as a portion of Sterling's most recent permit application to mine the area west of Taft Hill Road and immediately north of the existing Seaworth Pit. The intent of the report is to demonstrate whether or not dewatering of the new pit will have an impact on local groundwater levels and to propose mitigation measures for any detrimental effects due to mining. On page one the report states that groundwater is sustained by leakage from irrigation canals to the north and percolation from irrigation of agricultural lands. The report does not provide estimates of the rate of seepage from the irrigation canals. It may be that many of the local canals have relatively low seepate rates due to sealing by fine material. Diverted flow can contain concentrations of fine material which will be deposited in low gradient irrigation ditches. The contention that groundwater is sustained by canal seepage ignores the fact that groundwater levels are also related to percolation of local precipitation and to the water level in the Cache la Poudre River. The river can be considered as the largest ditch within the valley and because it has a gravel bed it is reasonable to assume that the river is hydraulically connected to the groundwater within adjacent alluvial deposits. Water depths from two test -boring programs are discussed beginning on page two of the report. These data are presented to demonstrate that water levels declined approximately 2 feet between 1985 and 1988. For A Ms. Lucia A. Liley March and Myatt May 13, 1988 Page 2 several reasons any comparison between the 1985 and 1988 data is essentially meaningless. First, there are no elevations for any of the test borings. Groundwater elevations are not correlated to depth because the surface elevation of individual test holes can vary considerably. The valley surface adjacent to the Poudre River is relatively flat; however, undulations of 2 to 3 feet commonly occur. Road surfaces, where some drilling may have been performed, are often several feet above the surrounding topography. Second, the two drilling programs are located in different areas. The 1985 drilling program is approximately located in the NE! of the SE! of Section 33 and the 1988 test borings are located in the4 SE1 of the NE-! 4 of Section 33 and the SW! of the NW! of Section 34. Two4borings from each program are within several hundred feet of each other; however, the distance between the most distant holes is approximately 0.8 miles with an elevation difference (estimated from 1:24,000 scale topographic map) of about 20 feet. Apparently, no water level observations were made in the same well in 1985 and in 1988. Comparison of the two data sets to demonstrate a 2 foot change in water depth is meaningless if the ground elevation at each boring is not known. Runoff volumes for the Poudre River at the mouth of Poudre Canyon are presented on page six of the report to demonstrate the availability of water for diversion into irrigation ditches for the years 1983 to 1987. The runoff for 1987 is the lowest for the 5 years of data which are presented. The data indicate that less water was available for diversion in 1987 but they do not indicate how much was actually diverted. Some landowners have occupied the buildings across Taft Hill Road from the proposed pit for 12 years or more during which time they have only observed a decline in pond levels in 1987. Precipitation data (see our letter of March 21, 1988) indicate that several years between 1975 and 1983 experienced lower precipitation than 1987 and these years would presumably cause a decline in pond and groundwater levels. However, no such decline was observed. It is more reasonable to assume that dewatering at the Seaworth Pit is responsible for recent declines in groundwater levels. Irrigation ditches are not located on a map to indicate their proximity to ponds and wells adjacent to the proposed pit expansion. In addition no discussion is provided to indicate how far from an irrigation ditch one might expect to see an influence of seepage on groundwater levels. On page ten, second paragraph, the 1985 and 1988 data are presented to show the effect of dewatering at the Seaworth Pit on the surrounding Ms. Lucia A. Liley March and Myatt May 13, 1988 Page 3 groundwater levels. Again, because of a lack of elevations for individual borings the data are meaningless for demonstrating changes in groundwater levels. Changes in water depth could be caused by differences in the ground surface elevation at each boring. A discussion on the first half of page eight concludes from the boring data that subirrigation conditions do not occur in or around the project area. The boring data may not represent conditions on the landowners' property and the assumption of a 2 to 3 foot water depth to maintain subirrigation may not be appropriate for the crops grown by landowners. The second complete paragraph on page nine states that two wells just over 100 feet from the proposed pit may experience excessive water level declines during mining. No data or analysis are presented in the report to demonstrate why only these two wells may be affected, how much water -level decline may occur, or how great a response time can be expected between initiation of pumping and the occurrence of a measurable decline in groundwater. In addition, no data or analyses are provided to demonstrate why the wells may be impacted for only 45 months (or approximately 4 years). The conclusion that there are no negative impacts on existing groundwater users in the area is not supported by the 1985 and 1988 boring data. In fact, these data are meaningless for determining a change in groundwater levels through time. The groundwater levels in the area are dependent upon percolation of local precipitation and the water level of the Poudre River in addition to seepage from irrigation ditches. It may be that seepage losses from ditches have declined with time as the bottoms of the ditches become sealed with fine material. The monitoring program proposed by RCI includes a recommendation for additional observation wells; however, no locations for additional wells are suggested. Monthly monitoring of observation wells is suggested; however, if the alluvial deposits of the Poudre River have a high hydraulic conductivity, which is reasonable to assume because the material is predominantly sand and gravel, then changes in groundwater levels due to pit dewatering may be very rapid and monthly monitoring may not detect these fluctuations in water levels. A number of mitigation techniques are suggested at the end of the report. Until the impacts of mining have been quantitatively determined, however, it is irrelevant to discuss mitigation. The report by RCI does not present any new or meaningful data or analyses which demonstrate quantitatively the effects of gravel mining Ms. Lucia A. Liley March and Myatt May 13, 1988 Page 4 on local groundwater levels. The suggestion that additional observation wells may be constructed is welcomed, however, no suggestions were made as to location of these wells. We suggest that monitoring be enhanced through a coordinated pump test which would provide a quantitative measure of the hydraulic conductivity of the water -bearing alluvium. This number will enable prediction of possible impacts to local water wells and ponds and the determination of appropriate mitigation measures. Please give us a call if we can be of service during further discussions with Larimer County and/or Sterling Sand and Gravel. Very truly yours, Water Engineering and Technology, Inc. By: Daniel I. Gregor✓ V Geomorphologist/Project Manager DIG:sp � Colo FORII5I, SFI&fiCE O Foothills Campus r Itatc Univcrsity Colorado 80523 _ ire (303) 491-8660 June 10, 1988 Wry 2® � , ..._r. 2470-P S rling S&G March & Myatt Attorneys and Counselors at Law 110 East Oak Street Fort Collins CO 80524-2880 Attn: Christine Wood RE: Sterling Sand and Gravel I have reviewed the undated modified windbreak Planting Plan (tree screening plan) submitted by Sterling to Frank Lancaster, Larimer County Forester. My comments follow: --I assume that the "Type A" species row closest to the pond as shown on the plat, should be Type C or shrubs. My feeling is that a shrub row would not be as valuable for a sound barrier as a tree row. This row should be eliminated. --For information, golden willow and Russian olive are not shrubs. They grow to 35' and 25' respectively. --The 25' screening area is inadequate. A 100' barrier is recom- mended to obtain a 6-8 decibel reduction of sound intensity. A 50' barrier should be minimum. --Spacing between the two rows of Type Q species is so narrow that it would create serious competition between adjoining trees. In row spacing is adequate for the desired effects. --Species in Type Q are satisfactory. --The suggested spacing of 15-20' is too far to obtain the desired effect. I feel that spacing of 8-10' should be used for deciduous trees. This will allow for quicker crown closure. Thinning of this row at a later date is suggested when the trees get closer to maturity. March & Myatt page 2 June 10, 1988 --Honeylocust-isnot a satisfactory species for the Type A row. Burr oak is questionable due to its slow growth rate. --Is it possible to use any of the 50' ROW set -back for tree planting? I feel the submitted plan is inadequate and recommend against approval. Sincerely, Raymond L. Mehaffey District Forester RLMkrp T i w a 0 a (13 k. 0 a 0 E- w a H _ �o -o 2NIN93HOS �SZ 0 N I ' ?IOVg-Z3S NOIIVAVOX3 St 0 • P; W H x H li. H ¢ U x w 3 w z > O 0 H } W 0 H c� 0 U U 3 w a U z x zQ, 0 Ucn�-+ zv wz pq H W W H> H U a P4 W 0 t/) H z a �•x.al Ox:D¢d� Hcna C.5Uxzz-1 x � r.7 W ¢ W a U U H � z ul P: �D ww wzrz-� HH ..aa H z d � W U O N 0 �+ wz cao x H pq > C7 E+ W >+ wxz 0r.� x w a. z U .a r > .a 0 0 0 pq H W a U a a ¢ HI A f+. 0 0 a 3 10 cn to H W H W w 0 H H H cn cn cn ::D U w En pC U NL Oz .-1¢x0¢ ¢ ::D H z w -1 0 ca H O z pq i• W H! a U ¢y H W �L H w U z [� H QuCxw w ?]OV4-1.39 'M Io: Lucia H. Liley (larch & Hyatt 11U E. Oak Ft. Collins, CD From: H. Steven Ackley, Ph.D. Department of Audiology Colorado State University Re: Sterling Sand & Gravel Date: ('larch 20, 1988 Background. Noise in the community and at the workplace are managed Federally by the EPA, OSHA, and MSHH. Generally speaking, there is no overlap in Federal regulations which protect workers (OSHA, MSHA) and protection of property/citizens (EPA) from annoying/hazardous levels of noise. Noise is hazardous to the peripheral auditory system (cochlea and vestibule) at 75 - 85 dBA, according to numerous studies. Nonethless, OSHA has adopted an BS - 90 dBA noise Floor as a compromise to industry. twenty per cent of all workers exposed to 90 dBA for an eight hour work shift for a career w.ili still incur signiricant noise induced hearing loss, so the standard is at best 60% effective. Aside from physiological damage to the ear, extra -auditory effects of noise are also well documented. These effects include stress and general mental health disturbances, blood Flow problems, disequilibrium, cardio- vascular disease, elevated serum corticostercid levels, increased respiration rate, difficulty with concentration and task completion, sleep disorder, anxiety, and non-speciFic annoyance. While OSHA and MSHA do not regulate extra -auditory effects of noise, the EPA and other agencies including the National Safety Council are concerned with Factors other than auditory physiological damage in the protection of citizens on their private property. The Following Table (Table 1) compares nonoccupational and occupation noise exposures, as recommended by the National Safety Council and OSHA: Table 1. Noise limits For nonoccupational vs. occupational noise exposures. ---------------------------------------------- ------- Daily exposure limit For dBA Daily exposure limit For nonoccupational noise occupational noise < 2 minutes 115 < `t minutes 110 < B minutes 105 15 minutes 100 30 minutes 95 1 hour 90 2 hours 65 `t hours BO B hours 75 16-21 hours 70 15 minutes 30 minutes 1 hour 2 hours `t hours B hours B hours 07,, - (' P "P, = e/ A u_- s That is, although OSHA does not regulate noise exposure below an intensity of BS dBA, other agencies are concerned with levels of environmental noise occuring at between 70 and 85 dB. ReFerence levels For Familiar sounds are given in Table 1.1. Sand _and _Grav_el_Ogerations. Although actual data has not been obtained relative to Sterling_Sand_and_Gravel -Co., a body of data --------------- reporting sound level measurements is available on equipment used in gravel and mining operations. Diesel and electric rock and gravel crushers manuFactured by Cedar Rapids and Humboldt-Wedag produce 101 - 109 dBA at 10 - 20 Feet during use. Applying the inverse -square law formula to noise and distance, the Following Table (Table 1.0) can be used to calculate noise From a single crusher at various distances. However, this table reFlects only noise From a single machine, and does not take into account screeners, diesel generators, Front-end loaders and diesel trucks also necessarily operating as part of a gravel works. This additional machinery can increase noise output by 10 - 30 dB. • f@j�j@ 1,0. Noise at various distances produced by a gravel crusher of the type used at Sterling -Sand -and Gravel. ----------------- Calculations were made for least possible (101 dB at 10 feet) and greatest possible C109 dB at 20 feet) noise levels. 101 dBA at 10 Feet 95 dBA at 20 Feet 89........ `i0 B3........80 77.......160 71.......320 65....... 6`i0 109 dBA at 20 Feet 103 dBA at `tU feet 97........60 91.......160 65.......320 78....... 6`0 72......1280 As is evident in Table 1.0, the most conservative calculation using 101 dBA at 10 Feet For a single machine still produces sufficient noise at 320 feet to be of concern by the National Safety Council. The more liberal calculation using 109 dBA at 20 feet would Fall under National Safety Council scrutiny at 1260 Feet, or about 100 Feet shy of a quarter mile. Adding other machinery normally in use in this type of operation will significantly alter the results. In sum, the Findings indicate that while actual physiological damage is not likely to be incurred by residents beyond BO - 320 Feet of the operation, according to Table 1.0, extra -auditory effects most deFinitely will be incurred by these residents at a substantially greater distance. Furthermore, because of the low Frequency (125 - 750 Hz) nature of the noise generated by these types of machinery, landscaping barriers are less effective in attenuating the noise than more costly and less attractive wood or cement block barriers. Table 1.1 Reference Levels of Familiar Sounds (dBA). Sound Level Industrial (and Military) Community (Outdoor) Home (Indoor) U — Threshold of audibility (Brownian noise) to — Barely detectable Very faint whisper (20) 20 — Audible whisper (30) 30 — Quiet office (40) 40 — Quiet residence (45) 50 — Light traffic (50) Average office (50) Large transformer (53) 60— Air conditioner (60) Conversation (60) Near freeway (64) — Annoying (65) Fairly loud speech (70) 70— Television audio (70) Noisy restaurant (70) Vacuum cleaner (74) Dishwasher (75) Inside auto at 65 mph (77) Living room muwic (76) Clothes washer (78) 80 — intolerable for Tabulator (80) Loud singing (80) telephone use Lathe (81) Garbage disposal (80) Cotton spinning (83) Diesel train (83) Ear damage possible (85) Milling (85) Cockpit, prop (88) Diesel truck (84) Prop Flyover at 1,000 ft. (88) Food blender (88) 90 — Speech Motorcycle at 25 ft. (90) Loud shout (90) interference Subway (90) Cockpit, light plane (90) Rock drill (92) Compressor (94) Power mower (96) Loud subway (95) Newspaper press (97) Farm tractor (98) l00 — Very loud Heat furnace (100) Police siren at 100 ft. (10U) Air hammer (100) Snowmobile (100) Loud outboard (102) )et flyover at 1,000 ft. (103' Loud motorcycle (105) Loud mower (105) Textile loom (106) Loom room (108) 110 — Riveter (110) Diesel truck accelerating (114) — Maximum under federal law Compacter (116) (115) Scraper -loader (117) Chain saw (118)