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HomeMy WebLinkAboutSUNSTONE VILLAGE PUD, 5TH FILING - FINAL - 42-89B - SUBMITTAL DOCUMENTS - ROUND 1 - GEOTECHNICAL (SOILS) REPORT,r f % REPORT OF A GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR TIMBERLINE FARMS, PHASE I FORT COLLINS, COLORADO THE GROUP, INC. FORT COLLINS, COLORADO PROJECT NO. 8115-89 m- EMPIRE LABORATORIES, INC. 301 NORTH HOWES STREET FORT COLLINS, COLORADO 80521 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents .............................................. i Letter of Transmittal .......................................... i Report......................................................... 1 Appendix A .................................................... A-1 Test Boring Location Plan .................................... A-2 Key to Borings ............................................... A-3 Log of Borings ............................................... A -4 Appendix B.................................................... B-1 Consolidation Test Data ...................................... B-2 Hveem Stabilometer Data ..................................... B-5 Summary of Test Results ..................................... B-6 Appendix C.................................................... C-1 2 Ern ire laboratories, Inc. p GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING & MATERIALS TESTING Auclust 24, 1989 The Group, Inc. 375 East Horsetooth Fort Collins, Colorado 80525 Attention: Ms. Linda Hopkins Gentlemen: CORPORATE OFFICE P.O. Box 503 • 301 No. Howes Fort Collins, Colorado 80522 (303) 484-0359 FAX No. (303) 484-0454 We are pleased to submit our Report of a Geotechnical Investigation prepared for the proposed residential subdivision located south of Caribou Drive in southeast Fort Collins, Colorado. Based upon our findings in the subsurface, it is our opinion the .site is suitable for the proposed construction, providing the design criteria and recommendations set forth in this report are met. The accompanying report presents our findings in the subsurface and our recommendations based upon these findings. Very truly yours, EMPIRE LABORAT9RIES, INC. fJ / KefI h rod Senior Engineering Geologist Reviewed by: Chester C. Smith, P.E. President cic :o - y ' e. r) o;qe 5L` ••�°°�O C >•oy��o" Branch offices P.O. Box 16859 P.O. Box 1135 P.O. Box 1744 P.O. Box 5659 Colorado Springs, CO 80935 Longmont, CO 80502 Greeley, CO 80632 Cheyenne, WY 82003 (719) 597-2116 (303) 776-3921 (303) 351.0460 (307) 632-9224 Member of Consulting Engineers Council REPORT OF A GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION SCOPE This report presents the results of a geotechnical evaluation prepared for the proposed single-family residential development located east of Timberline Road on the south side of Caribou Drive in southeast Fort Collins, Colorado. The investigation included test borings and laboratory testing of samples obtained from these borings. The objectives of this study were to (1) evaluate the subsurface conditions at the site relative to the proposed construction, (2) make recommendations regarding the design of the substructures, (3) recommend certain precautions which should be taken because of adverse soil and/or ground water conditions, and (4) make recommendations regarding pavement types and thicknesses for the proposed streets to be constructed at the site. SITE EXPLORATION The field exploration, carried out on August 4 and 21, 1989, consisted of drilling, logging, and sampling thirteen (13) test borings. The test borings were located by Empire Laboratories, Inc. from the existing street and property lines using conventional chaining methods. The locations of the test borings are shown on the Test Boring Location Plan included in Appendix A of this report. Boring logs prepared from the field logs are shown in Appendix A. These logs show soils encountered, location of sampling, and ground water at the time of the exploration. The borings were advanced with a four -inch diameter, continuous - type, power -flight auger drill. During the drilling operations, a geotechnical engineer from Empire Laboratories, Inc. was present and made continuous observations of the soils encountered. -1- SITE LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION The proposed site is located east of Timberline Road along the south side of Caribou Drive in southeast Fort Collins, Colorado. 'r More particularly, the site is described as Timberline Farms, Phase 1, a subdivision situate in the Southwest 1ILt of Section 32, Township 7 North, Range 68 West of the Sixth P.M., City of Fort Collins, Larimer County, Colorado. The site consists of an irrigated farm field. The majority of the site is vegetated with alfalfa and weeds. At the time of our initial investigation, grain was growing along south and east edges of the property. At the time additional drilling was done to complete the project, the grain had been cut. The property is bordered on the north by Caribou Drive, on the east by an existing residential subdivision and a mobile home park, and on the south and west by cultivated farm fields. The site slopes gently to the north and east and has positive drainage in these directions. LABORATORY TESTS AND EVALUATION Samples obtained from the test borings were subjected to testing in the laboratory to provide a sound basis for evaluating the physical properties of the soils encountered. Moisture contents, dry unit weights, unconfined compressive strengths, water soluble sulfates, swelling potentials, resistivity, sulfides, oxidation-reduction potential, pH and the Atterberg limits were determined. A summary of the test results is included in Appendix B. Consolidation, swell -consolidation and Hveem stabilometer characteristics were also determined, and curves showing this data are included in Appendix B. SOIL AND GROUND WATER CONDITIONS The soil profile at the site consists of strata of materials arranged in different combinations. In order of increasing depths, they are as follows: -2- (1) Silty Topsoil: The area tested is overlain by a six (6) inch layer of silty topsoil. The topsoil has been penetrated by root growth and organic matter and should not be used as a bearing soil or as a fill and/or backfill material. (2) Silty Clay: A layer of brown silty clay underlies the topsoil in all but Borings 10, 11 and 12 and extends to depths of one (1 ) to fourteen and one-half (14-1 /2) feet below the surface. The silty clay is plastic, contains minor amounts of sand, is dry to moist and exhibits generally moderate bearing characteristics. When wetted, the clay stratum exhibits slight to moderate swell potential; and upon loading, consolidation occurs. (3) Sandy Silty Clay: This stratum underlies the topsoil and/or upper clays and extends to the depths explored. The red silty clay is plastic, contains varying amounts of sand and traces of gravel and exhibits generally moderate bearing characteristics in its damp to moist natural condition. When wetted, the clay stratum exhibits slight to moderate swell potential; and upon loading, consolidation occurs. (4) Ground Water: At the time of the investigation, free ground water was encountered in Borings 1 through 3, 5, 12, and 13 at depths of seven (7) to fourteen and one-half (14-1 /2) feet below the surface. No free ground water was encountered in the remaining borings drilled at the site to the depths explored. Water levels in this area are subject to change due to seasonal variations and irrigation demands on and/or adjacent to the site. RECOMMENDATIONS AND DISCUSSION It is our understanding the site is to be developed for single-family residential construction. Stoney Creek Drive and Stoneridge Drive are to be constructed through the site along with several cul-de-sacs. Due -3- to the relatively flat nature of the site, minor amounts of site grading is anticipated. Site Grading, Excavation and Utilities Specifications pertaining to site grading are included below and in Appendix C of this report. It is recommended that the upper six (6) inches of topsoil penetrated by root growth and organic matter below building, filled and paved areas be stripped and stockpiled for reuse in planted areas. The upper six (6) inches of the subgrade below building, paved and filled areas should be scarified and recompacted at to two percent (2%) wet of optimum moisture to at least ninety-five percent (950) of Standard Proctor Density ASTM D 698-78. (See Appendix C.) Due to the plastic nature of the clay subsoils and high moisture contents encountered in portions of the site, stabilization of the subgrade below streets may be required. Where required, the subgrade should be stabilized by use of granular pit run, geotextiles, lime, fly ash, kiln dust or by other suitable means. Proof rolling of the subgrade may be required to determine if stabilization will be required. Fill should consist of the on -site soils or imported granular material approved by the geotechnical engineer. Fill should be placed in uniform six (6) to eight (8) inch lifts and mechanically compacted at to two percent (2%) wet of optimum moisture to a minimum of ninety-five percent (950) of Standard Proctor Density ASTM D 698-78. In computing earthwork quantities, an estimated shrinkage factor of eighteen percent (18 0) to twenty-three percent (23%) may be used for the on -site clays compacted to the above -recommended density. All excavations should be dug on safe and stable slopes. It is suggested that excavated slopes be on minimum grades of 1-1 /2:1 or flatter. The slope of the sides of the excavations should comply with local codes or OSHA regulations. The side slopes of the excavation should be maintained under safe conditions until completion of backfilling. In addition, heavy construction equipment should be kept a safe distance from the edge of the excavation. -4- a Where utilities are excavated below ground water, dewatering will be needed during placement of pipe and backfilling for proper construction. All piping should be adequately bedded for proper load distribution. Backfill placed in utility trenches in open and planted areas should be compacted in uniform lifts at optimum moisture to at least ninety percent (90%) of Standard Proctor Density ASTM D 698-78 the full depth of the trench. The upper four (4) feet of backfill placed in utility trenches under roadways and paved areas should be compacted at or near optimum moisture to at least ninety-five percent (95%) of Standard Proctor Density ASTM D 698-78, and the lower portion of these trenches should be compacted to at least ninety percent (90%) of Standard Proctor Density ASTM D 698-78. Addition of moisture to and/or drying of the subsoils may be needed for proper compaction. Stripping, grubbing, subgrade preparation, and fill and backfill placement should be accomplished under continuous observation of the geotechnical engineer. Field density tests should be taken daily in the compacted subgrade, fill, and backfill under the direction of the geotechnical engineer. Laboratory resistivity tests, pH, oxidation-reduction and sulfide tests performed in the laboratory indicate that the subsoils at the site are noncorrosive, and protection of metal utility pipe, in our opinion, will not be required. Fntjnriatinnc In view of the loads transmitted by the proposed residential construction and the soil conditions encountered at the site, it is recommended that the structures be supported by conventional -type spread footings and/or grade beams. All footings and/or grade beams should be founded on the original, undisturbed soil or on a structural fill extended to the undisturbed soil a minimum of thirty (30) inches below finished grade for frost protection. The structural fill should be constructed in accordance with the recommendations discussed in the "Site Grading, Excavation and Utilities" section of this report. The structural integrity of the fill as well as the identification and -5- undisturbed nature of the soil should be verified by the geotechnical engineer prior to placement of any foundation concrete. Footings and/or grade beams founded at the above levels may be designed for a maximum allowable bearing capacity of one thousand five hundred (1500) pounds per square foot (dead load plus maximum live load). To counteract swelling pressures which will develop if the subsoils become wetted, all footings and/or grade beams should be designed for a minimum dead load of five hundred (500) pounds per square foot. The predicted settlement under the above maximum loading, as determined by laboratory consolidation tests, should be less than three -fourths (3/4) inch, generally considered to be within acceptable tolerances. Basements, Dewatering Systems and Slabs on Grade Basement construction is feasible at the site, provided finished basement slabs are placed a minimum of three (3) feet above existing ground water or above adjusted ground water levels after the area is graded and/or underdrains are constructed below the sanitary sewers at the site. Ground water levels were shallowest along the northern edge of the property. Ground water was encountered at depths of seven (7) to nine (9) feet below the surface in the northeast and northwest corners of the site, respectively. Where finished basement slabs are placed within three (3) feet of existing ground water, then complete dewatering systems should be provided around the lower basement areas. The dewatering system should contain a four (4) inch diameter perforated pipe, underslab gravel, a sump and pump, and/or other suitable drain outlet. The perforated pipe should be placed around the entire perimeter of the lower basement area. All piping in the perimeter trench should be surrounded by clean, graded gravel from three -fourths (3/4) inch to the #4 sieve in accordance with ASTM C 33-78, Size No. 67. The gravel should extend from at least three (3) inches below the bottom of the pipe to a minimum of two (2) feet above the ground water above the pipe, the full width of the trench. To minimize the cost of gravel backfill, it is suggested that the excavation be limited to the area -6- necessary for construction; however, the trench should be a minimum of twelve (12) inches wide. The top of the gravel backfill adjacent to foundation walls should be covered with an untreated building paper to help minimize clogging of the medium with earth backfill. To minimize the potential for surface water to enter the system, it is recommended that a clay backfill be placed over the system and compacted at or near optimum moisture to at least ninety percent (90%) of Standard Proctor Density ASTM D 698-78. (See Appendix C.) We recommend that the drainage pipe be placed at least one (1) foot below the finished basement slab and have a minimum grade of one -eighth (1 /8) inch per foot. All lower level slabs surrounded by perimeter drains should be underlain by a minimum of eight (8) inches of clean, graded gravel or crushed rock devoid of fines. The drainage system should empty into a sewer underdrain should one adequately sized to accept the anticipated flows be constructed at the site, or the water from the drain should empty into a sump provided in the lower basement area. The sump should be a minimum of eighteen (18) inches in diameter and three (3) feet deep. A minimum of one (1) foot of clean, graded gravel meeting the above specifications should be placed adjacent to the bottom and sides of the sump. The sump should be provided with a pump designed to discharge all flow to the sump. Water from the sump should be disposed ..of by suitable means well beyond the foundation of the building. Subgrade below slabs on grade should be prepared in accordance with the recommendations discussed in the "Site Grading, Excavation and Utilities" section of this report. All slabs on grade at the upper level should be underlain by a minimum of four (4) inches of gravel or crushed rock devoid of fines. Basement slabs should be underlain by a minimum of eight (8) inches of clean, graded gravel or crushed rock devoid of fines. The gravel layer will act as a capillary break and will help to distribute floor loads. It is recommended that all slabs on grade be designed structurally independent of bearing members. It should be noted that the subsoils at the site are expansive; and if the subsoils below slabs on grade become wetted, movement of slab on grade may occur. -7- To minimize and control shrinkage cracks which will develop in slabs on grade, it is suggested that control joints be placed every fifteen (15) to twenty (20) feet and that the total area contained within these joints be no greater than four hundred (400) square feet. In addition, if building construction is done during winter months, it is recommended that slabs on grade not be placed on frozen ground and that they be protected from freezing temperatures until they are properly cured. Streets All streets within the subdivision have been classified as local streets by the City of Fort Collins. Flexible Pavement It is our opinion that flexible pavement is suitable for the proposed street construction at the site. A flexible pavement alternate should consist of asphalt concrete underlain by crushed aggregate base course or asphalt concrete underlain by plant mix bituminous base course. Using the City of Fort Collins "Design Criteria and Standards for Streets" dated July 1986, a serviceability index of 2.0, a regional factor of 1.0, an "R" value of 6, a twenty (20) year design life, eighteen (18) kip equivalent daily load applications of 5 for the cul-de-sacs, 10 for Stoneridge Drive and 15 for Stoney Creek Drive, and weighted structural numbers of 2.35 for the cul-de-sacs, 2.60 for Stoneridge Drive and 2.80 for Stoney Creek Drive, the following minimum pavement thicknesses are recommended: ri i I-ria-Car-c Asphalt Concrete 21" Crushed Aggregate Base Course 11" Total Pavement Thickness 131" -8- Asphalt Concrete 2" Plant Mix Bituminous Base Course 41" Total Pavement Thickness 61" Stoneridge Drive Asphalt Concrete 3" Crushed Aggregate Base Course 12" Total Pavement Thickness 15" Asphalt Concrete 2" Plant Mix Bituminous Base Course 5" Total Pavement Thickness 7" Stoney Creek Drive Asphalt Concrete 311 Crushed Aggregate Base Course 13" Total Pavement Thickness 16" Asphalt Concrete 2" Plant Mix Bituminous Base Course 5111 Total Pavement Thickness 7111 The crushed aggregate base course should meet City of Fort Collins Class 5 or 6 specifications. The subgrade below the proposed asphalt pavement should be prepared in accordance with the recommendations discussed in the "Site Grading, Excavation and Utilities" section of this report. Upon proper preparation of the subgrade, the base course should be placed and compacted at optimum moisture to at least ninety-five percent (950) of Standard Proctor Density ASTM D 698-78. (See Appendix C.) It is recommended that the asphalt concrete and/or plant mix bituminous base course be placed in two (2) to three (3) inch lifts. All plant mix bituminous base course and asphalt concrete shall meet City of Fort Collins specifications and should be placed in accordance with these specifications. The crushed aggregate base course shall have an "R" -9- value between 70 and 77, the plant mix bituminous base course shall have an Rt value of 90 or greater, and the asphalt concrete shall have an Rt value of 95 or greater. The "R" value of the pavement materials used should be verified by laboratory tests. Field density tests should be taken in the aggregate base course, bituminous base course, and asphalt concrete under the direction of the geotechnical engineer. Rigid Pavement A feasible pavement alternate at the site would be rigid pavement. Using the eighteen (18) kip equivalent daily load application described above, a modulus of subgrade reaction of one hundred (100) pounds per square inch per inch based on an "R" value of 6, a design life of twenty (20) years, and concrete designed with a modulus of rupture of six hundred (600) pounds per square inch, the following minimum pavement thicknesses are recommended: C, I i I-rla-car-c Nonreinforced Concrete - 5" Stoneridge Drive Nonreinforced Concrete - 5" Stoney Creek Drive Nonreinforced Concrete - 5" Subgrade below proposed streets should be prepared in accordance with the recommendations discussed in the "Site Grading, Excavation and Utilities" section of this report. Concrete pavement should be placed directly on the subgrade that has been uniformly and properly prepared in accordance with the above recommendations. All concrete used in the paving shall meet ASTM specifications, and all aggregate shall conform to ASTM C-33 specifications. The concrete should be designed with a minimum modulus of rupture of six hundred (600) pounds per square inch in twenty-eight (28) days. It is recommended that laboratory mix designs be done to determine the proper proportions of aggregates, cement, and water necessary to meet these requirements. It is essential that the -10- concrete have a low water -cement ratio, an adequate cement factor, and sufficient quantities of entrained air. Joints should be carefully designed and constructed in accordance with the City of Fort Collins "Design Criteria and Standards for Streets" to ensure good performance of the pavement. It is recommended that all concrete pavement be placed in accordance with City of Fort Collins specifications. If paving is done during cold weather, acceptable cold weather procedures as outlined in the City specifications should be utilized. The concrete pavement should be properly cured and protected in accordance with the above specifications. Concrete injured by frost should be removed and replaced. It is recommended that the pavement not be opened to traffic until a flexural strength of four hundred (400) pounds per square inch is obtained or a minimum of fourteen (14) days after the concrete has been placed. GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS (1) Laboratory test results indicate that water soluble sulfates in the soil are negligible, and a Type 1-II cement may be used in concrete exposed to subsoils. Slabs on grade subjected to de-icing chemicals should be composed of a more durable concrete with low water -cement ratios and higher air contents. (2) Finished grade should be sloped away from the structures on all sides to give positive drainage. Ten percent (100) for the first ten (10) feet away from the structures is the suggested slope. (3) Backfill around the outside perimeter of the structures should be mechanically compacted at optimum moisture to at least ninety percent (90%) of Standard Proctor Density ASTM D 698-78. (See Appendix C.) Puddling should not be permitted as a method of compaction. (4) Plumbing and utility trenches underlying slabs and paved areas should be backfilled with an approved material compacted to at -11- least ninety-five percent (95%) of Standard Proctor Density ASTM D 698-78. Puddling should not be permitted as a method of compaction. (5) Gutters and downspouts should be designed to carry roof runoff water well beyond the backfill area. (6) Underground sprinkling systeriis should be designed such that piping is placed a minimum of five (5) feet outside the backfill of the structures. Heads should be designed so that irrigation water is not sprayed onto the foundation walls. These recommendations should be taken into account in the landscape planning. (7) Footing and/or grade beam sizes should be proportioned to equalize the unit loads applied to the soil and thus minimize differential settlements. (8) It is recommended that compaction requirements specified herein be verified in the field with density tests performed under the direction of the geotechnical engineer. (9) It is recommended that a registered professional engineer design the substructures and that he take into account the findings and recommendations of this report. GENERAL COMMENTS This report has been .prepared to aid in the evaluation of the property and to assist the architect and/or engineer in the design of this project. In the event that any changes in the design of the structures or their locations are planned, the conclusions and recommendations contained in this report will not be considered valid unless said changes are reviewed and conclusions of this report modified -12- or approved in writing by Empire Laboratories, Inc. , the geotechnical engineer of record. Every effort was made to provide comprehensive site coverage through careful locations of the test borings, while keeping the site investigation economically viable. Variations in soil and ground water conditions between test borings may be encountered during construction. In order to permit correlation between the reported subsurface conditions and the actual conditions encountered during construction and to aid in carrying out the plans and specifications as originally contemplated, it is recommended that Empire Laboratories, Inc. be retained to perform continuous construction review during the excavation and foundation phases of the work. Empire Laboratories, Inc, assumes no responsibility for compliance with the recommendations included in this report unless they have been retained to perform adequate on -site construction review during the course of construction. -13- APPENDIX A. 0 61 in TEST BORING LOCATION PLAN V r -f 0. M NDKT-H 00Nwr ouLr CAM 6ou VZIV I'- -�Zno 6, 2 A-2 EMPIRE LAISORATORIES INC. • KEY TO BORING LOGO TOPSOIL �•` • GRAVEL FILL ��• SAND & GRAVEL � SILT "% • SILTY SAND & GRAVEL CLAYEY SILT o 0o COBBLES SANDY SILT '' SAND, GRAVEL & COBBLES CLAY WEATHERED BEDROCK � SILTY CLAY SILTSTONE BEDROCK vSANDY CLAY CLAYSTONE BEDROCK SAND SANDSTONE BEDROCK SILTY SAND LE]LIMESTONE LLA• CLAYEY SAND GRANITE SANDY SILTY CLAY r SHELBY TUBE SAMPLE STANDARD PENETRATION DRIVE SAMPLER WATER TABLE 10 days AFTER DRILLING C HOLECAVED T 5/12 Indicates that 5 blows of a 140 Pound hammer falling 30 inches was required to penetrate 12 inches. A-3 EMPIRE LA00RAT RIES, INC, LOG OF bMNGs vP�-C L KI- Na I_ K6 z N.b, 3 �. 4 105 100 95 91 •ll � ftll. OF C o• 75 TDf1, north bonnet bolt fire ivdrant.elevation - 100,01, 11-4 , EMPIRE LAbORATOkIM INC. • LOG Of BORINGS LtrVc.� 1DKI 1�b. ---No-- Co N6.7 No. g 115 110 105 100 95 90 _WAM P A-5 EMPIRE U.AORATORIES, INC. LOG Of BOONGS IEL�/nrl o N Rb. 9 Io tab I J_ 115 110 105 100 95 r _ A-6 E/w4PM LABORATORIES, INC. �l-�VAtID(�l No. l2 105 100 95 .e] LOG Of BOViCihlGS • r I 3112 vv A- 7 EMPIRE IAbOkATORIE3 INC. APPENDIX B. 7oc. o � ~- .S8E � � .64E �~�����} ��0T�HN ����� ^-^^."-,^^^- �^�� o x �y�n TEST x PRO. 8115 DEPTH: 3.0 DRY DEN'331TY: 96.0 PC 0.1 8'25 8.5 1.0 5 �------ 18 APPLIED PRL6SURE - TSF 4'8 -8.0 L 0.1 W,ub 0.5 1.0 APPLIED PRESSURE - TSF EMPIRE LRB0RRTORIEB INC. 5 10 .485 .48e .475 .470 � � + .465 IT L:L .450 .445 .440/ � SWELL _ /~ANSA| TDHTIAN TEST PRO. 8115 BORING NO. 1 4 u.� 0.25 8.5 1.0 5 � , 10 APPLIED PRESSURE - TSF 2.0 0.1 0.25 0.5 1.8 APPLIED PRESSURE - TSF EMPIRE LABORATORIES INC. B-3 5 10 SWELL - CONSOLIDnTION TEST PRO- 8115 .45c, .44-5, .440 4 li 17 .425 4 2 rj .415 .4 L Cj .405 0. BORING r-.JO. 6 DEPTH: 3.0 DRY DENSITY:113.5 PCF MOISTURE: 17.2 % APPLIED PRESSURE — TSF Li .0 co L C. 1IRTER ADDED --F I —4 Cl 0.1 0.25 0.5 1.0 10 APPLIED PRESSURE — TSF EVIFIRE LABORATORIES INC. B-4 0 RESISTANCE R-VALUE AND EXPANSION PRESSURE OF COMPACTED SOIL .ASTM — D 2844 CLIENT: THE GROUP INC. PROJECT: TIMBERLINE FARM PHASE I LOCATION OF SAMPLE: COMPOSITE SAMPLE BORING NO. 12 Q 0.5' - 4.0' SAMPLE DATA TEST SPECIMEN COMPACTION PRESSURE - PSI 1 0 2 3 DENSITY - PCF 0 0 MOISTURE - ; 88.5 96.8 96.7 EXPANSION PRESSURE - PSI 32.4 25.0 24.0 HORIZONTAL PRESSURE @ 160 8 0.06 0.00 SAMPLE HEIGHT - in. psi 152 14 136 EXUDATION PRESSURE - PSI 2.50 2.55 0 2.50 UNCORRECTED R-VALUE 115 2. 378 CORRECTED R-VALUE 3'2 6 1 8.7 3.2 6.1 8.7 R-VALUE AT 300 PSI EXUDATION PRESSURE = 6.4 100 f 1 i ' 1 ....................... ...... .... ............. .............................................:............. 1 80 ------- --- �i ---- . . . . ............. . . ..............:. . : ...... . 60 .........;►i W ............. ............. �............. .............�......_ ....:. ........ ......................... 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IZ . -+ d m E E ca. E E ,N, B- 9 SUMMARY OF TEST RESULTS Boring No. Depth (ft) % Moisture Restivity. Oxidation -Reduction ohm -cm Potential (mV) Sulfide pH 10 0.5-4.5 24.7 1600 293 trace 7.7 13 0.5-4.5 30.9 1600 296 trace 7.8 B-11 APPENDIX C. APPENDIX C. Suggested Minimum Specifications for Placement of Compacted Earth Fill and/or Backfills GENERAL The geotechnical engineer shall be the owner's, architect's, engineer's or contractor's representative to observe placement of compacted fill and/or backfill on the project. The geotechnical engineer or his representative shall approve all earth materials prior to their use, the method of placement and the degree of compaction. MATERIALS Soils used for all compacted fill and backfill shall be approved by the geotechnical engineer or his representative prior to their use. Fill material shall be free from organic matter, frozen material and other unsuitable substance and shall not contain rocks or lumps having a diameter greater than six (6) inches. SUBGRADE PREPARATION All topsoil, vegetation, trees, brush, timber, debris, rubbish and all other unsuitable material shall be removed to a depth satisfactory to the geotechnical engineer or his representative. The material shall be disposed of by suitable means prior to beginning preparation of the subgrade. The subgrade shall be scarified a minimum depth of six (6) inches, moisture conditioned as necessary and compacted in a suitable manner prior to placement of fill material. Fill shall not be placed until approval by the geotechnical engineer or his representative; and in no case, shall fill material be placed on frozen or unstable ground. Subgrade which is not stable may require the use of imported granular material, geotextiles or other methods for stabiliz;,tion as approved by the geotechnical engineer. FILL PLACEMENT Fill material shall not be placed during unfavorable weather conditions. Material proposed for use as fill shall be approved by the geotechnical engineer or his representative prior to use. Proposed import material shall be approved by the geotechnical engineer or his representative prior to hauling to the project site. Fill material shall be C-2 uniformly mixed such as to preclude the formation of lenses of material differing from the surrounding material. All clods shall be broken into small pieces. The contractor shall construct the fill in approximately horizontal lifts extending the entire length of the fill. The thickness of the layers before compaction shall not be greater than eight (8) inches. Fill being placed on slopes or hillsides shall be benched into the existing slope. A minimum two (2) foot horizontal bench shall be cut into the existing excavated slope for each four (4) feet vertical of fill, or each lift should be benched slightly into the existing grade. MOISTURE CONTROL Prior to and during compaction operations, the fill material being placed shall be maintained within the range of optimum moisture specified. A general recommendation Is to maintain the fill material within two percent (2%) plus or minus of optimum moisture so that proper compaction to the specified density may be obtained with a minimal effort. In building pad and paved areas, material exhibiting swelling potential shall be maintained between optimum moisture and two percent (2%) wet of optimum moisture content. The moisture content of the fill material shall be maintained uniform throughout the fill. The contractor may- be required to add necessary moisture to the fill material and to uniformly mix the water with the fill material if, in the opinion of the geotechnical engineer, it is not possible to obtain uniform moisture content by adding water on the fill surface. If, in the opinion of the geotechnical engineer, the material proposed for use in the compacted fill is too wet to permit adequate compaction, it shall be dried in an acceptable manner prior to placement and compaction. Uniform mixing may require discing, blading or other methods approved by the geotechnical engineer or his representative. Adjustments of moisture content shall be made on the basis of determinations of moisture content by field tests as construction progresses. COMPACTION The contractor shall furnish and operate the necessary types and kinds of equipment to perform the operations required to obtain the specified compaction. This equipment may include approved tamping rollers, rubber tired rollers, smooth wheeled rollers and vibratory rollers. If a sheepsfoot roller is used, it shall be provided with cleaner bars so attached as to prevent the accumulation of material between the tamper feet. Fill areas which are not accessible to full-sized construction equipment shall be placed in maximum four (4) inch lifts and compacted with power tampers to the specified density. C-3 Compaction should meet the minimum percentages of maximum density as set forth in the project specifications or the recommendations of the report. The contract specifications supercede the recommendations given in this report. MOISTURE DENSITY RELATIONSHIP DETERMINATION Samples of representative fill materials to be placed shall be furnished by the contractor to the geotechnical engineer for determination of maximum density and optimum moisture or relative density. Sufficient laboratory moisture density or relative density curves will be made to determine the optimum moisture content and maximum density for the various soils placed as fill. Tests for this determination will be made using the appropriate method conforming to the requirements of ASTM D 698 (Standard Proctor), ASTM D 1557 (Modified Proctor) or ASTM D 4253, D 4254 (Relative Density). The materials used for fill shall be classified in accordance with ASTM D 2487 in order to permit correlation between the moisture density relationship data and the material being placed and compacted. Copies of the results of these tests will be furnished to the client and others as directed by the client. These test results shall be the basis of control for all compaction effort. FIELD DENSITY AND MOISTURE TESTS The in -place density and moisture content of compacted fill will be determined by the geotechnical engineer or his representative in accordance with ASTM D 1556 (sand cone method) or ASTM D 2922, D 3017 (nuclear methods). Material not meeting the required compaction and/or moisture specifications shall be recompacted and/or moisture conditioned until the required percent compaction and/or moisture content is obtained. Sufficient compaction tests shall be made and submitted to support the geotechnical engineer's or his representative's recommendations. The results of density tests will also be furnished to the client and others as directed. C-4