HomeMy WebLinkAboutMOUNTAIN'S EDGE - FDP - FDP180006 - SUBMITTAL DOCUMENTS - ROUND 1 - GEOTECHNICAL (SOILS) REPORTPRELIMINARY GEOTECHNICAL SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION REPORT
PROPOSED SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
HERRING PROPERTY – 2430 SOUTH OVERLAND TRAIL
FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
SOILOGIC # 15-1132
June 11, 2015
Soilogic, Inc.
3050 67th Avenue, Suite 200 • Greeley, CO 80634 • (970) 535-6144
P.O. Box 1121 • Hayden, CO 81639 • (970) 276-2087
June 11, 2015
The Landhuis Company
212 North Wahsatch Avenue, Suite 301
Colorado Springs, Colorado 80903
Attn: Mr. Jeff Mark
Re: Preliminary Geotechnical Subsurface Exploration Report
Herring Property – 2430 South Overland Trail
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic Project # 15-1132
Mr. Mark:
Soilogic, Inc. (Soilogic) personnel have completed the preliminary geotechnical
subsurface exploration for an approximate 18.5-acre parcel of land located at 2430 South
Overland Trail in Fort Collins, Colorado. The results of our preliminary exploration and
pertinent geotechnical engineering recommendations are included with this report.
The subsurface materials encountered in the completed test borings consisted of a thin
layer of vegetation and topsoil underlain by both brown/red-brown/rust/beige sandy lean
clay and silty to clayey sand containing varying amounts of gravel and cobble. The
silty/clayey sand and gravel extended to a depth of approximately 9 feet below ground
surface at the location of boring B-1, where it was underlain by sandy lean clay. At the
location of boring B-2, the silty/clayey sand extended to the full depth of exploration,
approximately 15 feet below ground surface. Increasing clay content was observed in the
near-surface soils encountered in borings B-3 through B-5, where sandy lean clay/clayey
sand soils extended from just below the vegetative soil layer to the full depth of
exploration in these borings. In general, the lean clay soils varied from medium stiff to
hard in terms of consistency, while the silty, clayey sand varied from loose to very dense
in terms of relative density. These soils generally exhibited low swell potential at in-situ
moisture and density conditions; however, two samples of the lean clay soils obtained
from boring B-5 at depths of approximately 9 and 14 feet below ground surface exhibited
high to very high swell potential.
Preliminary Geotechnical Subsurface Exploration Report
Herring Property - 2430 South Overland Trail
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic # 15-1132
2
No groundwater was observed in any of the completed site borings at the time of drilling
to the depth explored, 15 feet below existing site grades.
Based on the subsurface conditions encountered in the completed site borings, results of
field and laboratory testing and type of construction proposed, we expect a majority of
the proposed lightly-loaded residential structures could be constructed with conventional
footing foundations bearing directly on the site lean clay and silty/clayey sand
overburden soils or properly placed and compacted fill soils with low volume change
potential. Overexcavation/backfill procedures would be required where relatively dry
deeper-lying lean clay exhibited high swell potential in laboratory testing, notably in the
vicinity of boring B-5, drilled in the southeastern quarter of the property. Based on the
depth of expansive soils encountered in this area, overexcavation/backfill procedures on
the order of 10 feet below proposed basement bearing elevation would be anticipated.
Drilled pier foundations systems used in conjunction with structural flooring systems
could also be employed in areas where expansive soils are encountered. Deeper
subsurface exploration would be required to define depth to bedrock in order to develop
drilled pier foundation design criteria in these areas.
The near-surface lean clay and silty/clayey sand soils encountered at this site typically
exhibited low swell potential at in-situ moisture and density conditions, and in our
opinion, appear suitable for direct support of floor slabs and exterior flatwork across a
majority of the site, save for the previously outlined area in the vicinity of boring B-5.
Similarly, we do not expect overexcavation/backfill procedures will be required to
develop finish pavement subgrade levels. Based on the results of completed laboratory
testing, the site lean clay and silty/clayey sand also generally appear suitable for use as
low volume change (LVC) fill to develop the site. Other preliminary opinions and
recommendations concerning design criteria and construction details for the proposed site
improvements are included with this report. Preliminary pavement section design
estimates are also included.
Preliminary Geotechnical Subsurface Exploration Report
Herring Property - 2430 South Overland Trail
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic # 15-1132
3
We appreciate the opportunity to be of service to you on this project. If you have any
questions concerning the enclosed information or if we can be of further service to you in
any way, please do not hesitate to contact us.
Very Truly Yours,
Soilogic, Inc. Reviewed by:
Darrel DiCarlo, P.E. Wolf von Carlowitz, P.E.
Senior Project Engineer Principal Engineer
44271 36746
PRELIMINARY GEOTECHNICAL SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION REPORT
PROPOSED SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
HERRING PROPERTY - 2430 SOUTH OVERLAND TRAIL
FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
SOILOGIC # 15-1132
June 11, 2015
INTRODUCTION
This report contains the results of the preliminary geotechnical subsurface exploration
completed for an approximate 18.5-acre parcel of land located at 2430 South Overland
Trail in Fort Collins, Colorado. The purpose of our exploration was to describe the
subsurface conditions encountered in the completed site borings and develop preliminary
recommendations concerning design and construction of residence foundations and
support of floor slabs, exterior flatwork and site pavements. Recommendations
concerning the installation of site utilities and preliminary pavement section design
estimates are also included. The conclusions and recommendations outlined in this report
are based on results of the completed field and laboratory testing and our experience with
subsurface conditions in this area.
PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION
The proposed development includes approximately 18.5 acres and will potentially be
developed as single-family residential. We expect the residential structures will be
lightly-loaded single story wood-frame structures constructed over full basements.
Foundations loads for the structures are expected to be light, with continuous wall loads
on the order of 3.5 kips per lineal foot and individual column loads less than 75 kips.
Infrastructure improvements for the development will include utility installation and
interior roadway construction. We expect the site roadway will be classified as local
residential, utilized by low volumes of passenger vehicles and light trucks. Small grade
changes are anticipated to develop finish site grades.
SITE DESCRIPTION
The site is currently developed with two, one to two-story, wood-frame single-family
residences and several single-story wood-frame outbuildings. We anticipate the existing
site residences and outbuildings will be razed prior to development.
Preliminary Geotechnical Subsurface Exploration Report
Herring Property - 2430 South Overland Trail
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic # 15-1132
2
At the time of our site exploration, the site was sparsely to moderately vegetated with
native weeds and grasses. Mature, small to medium diameter deciduous trees and shrubs
were also noted in the area surrounding the existing construction. Most of the site is
relatively level, with the approximate northern portion of the property sloping slightly
downward to the north and the southern portion of the property sloping toward a drainage
swale. Site topography is characterized by a medium-sized drainage swale that runs from
just south of the developed area to the approximate southeast corner of the property. This
swale was not carrying water at the time of our exploration. A borrow pit was also noted
on the south-central portion of the property. The maximum difference in ground surface
elevation across the site estimated to be approximately 10 to 15 feet based on review of
available USGS topographic maps.
SITE EXPLORATION
Field Exploration
To develop subsurface information across the development parcel, a total of five (5) soil
borings were extended to a depth of approximately 15 feet below present site grades. The
boring locations were established in the field by Soilogic personnel by pacing and
estimating angles and distances from identifiable site references. The boring locations
should be considered accurate only to the degree implied by the methods used to make
the field measurements. A diagram indicating the approximate boring locations is
included with this report. Graphic logs of each of the auger borings are also included.
The test holes were advanced using 4-inch diameter continuous-flight auger, powered by
a truck-mounted CME-55 drill rig. Samples of the subsurface materials were obtained at
regular intervals using California barrel sampling procedures in general accordance with
ASTM specification D-1586. As part of the D-1586 sampling procedure, the standard
sampling barrel is driven into the substrata using a 140 pound hammer falling a distance
of 30 inches. The number of blows required to advance the sampler a distance of 12
inches is recorded and helpful in estimating the consistency, relative density or hardness
of the soils or bedrock encountered. In the California barrel sampling procedure,
relatively undisturbed samples are obtained in removable brass liners. Samples of the
Preliminary Geotechnical Subsurface Exploration Report
Herring Property - 2430 South Overland Trail
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic # 15-1132
3
subsurface materials obtained in the field were sealed and returned to the laboratory for
further evaluation, classification and testing.
Laboratory Testing
The samples collected were tested in the laboratory to measure natural moisture content
and visually and/or manually classified in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification
System (USCS). The USCS group symbols are indicated on the attached boring logs.
An outline of the USCS classification system is included with this report.
As part of the laboratory testing, a calibrated hand penetrometer (CHP) was used to
estimate the unconfined compressive strength of essentially-cohesive specimens. The
CHP also provides a more reliable estimate of soil consistency than tactual observation
alone. Dry density, Atterberg limits, -200 wash and swell/consolidation tests were
completed on selected samples to help establish specific soil characteristics. Atterberg
limits tests are used to determine soil plasticity. The percent passing the #200 size sieve
(-200 wash) test is used to determine the percentage of fine grained soils (clay and silt) in
a sample. Swell/consolidation tests are performed to evaluate soil volume change
potential with variation in moisture content. Results of the completed laboratory tests are
outlined on the attached boring logs and swell/consolidation test summaries.
SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS
The subsurface materials encountered in the completed site borings can be summarized as
follows. A thin layer of vegetation and topsoil was encountered at the surface at the
boring locations. The vegetative soil layer was underlain by various sequences of brown/
red-brown/rust/beige sandy lean clay and silty to clayey sand containing varying amounts
of gravel and cobble. The silty/clayey sand and gravel extended to a depth of
approximately 9 feet below ground surface at the location of boring B-1, where it was
underlain by sandy lean clay. At the location of boring B-2, the silty/clayey sand
extended to the full depth of exploration, approximately 15 feet below ground surface.
Increasing clay content was observed in the near-surface soils encountered in borings B-3
through B-5, where sandy lean clay/clayey sand soils extended from just below the
vegetative soil layer to the full depth of exploration in these borings. In general, the lean
Preliminary Geotechnical Subsurface Exploration Report
Herring Property - 2430 South Overland Trail
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic # 15-1132
4
clay soils varied from medium stiff to hard in terms of consistency, while the silty, clayey
sand varied from loose to very dense in terms of relative density. These soils generally
exhibited low swell potential at in-situ moisture and density conditions; however, two
samples of the lean clay soils obtained from boring B-5 at depths of approximately 9 and
14 feet below ground surface exhibited high to very high swell potential.
The stratigraphy indicated on the included boring logs represents the approximate
location of changes in soil types. Actual changes may be more gradual than those
indicated.
No groundwater was observed in any of the completed site borings at the time of drilling
to the depth explored, 15 feet below existing site grades. Groundwater level information
is indicated in the upper right-hand corner of the attached boring logs.
Groundwater levels will vary seasonally and over time based on weather conditions, site
development, irrigation practices and other hydrologic conditions. Site groundwater
levels could be directly impacted by water levels in the medium-sized, unlined drainage
swale which crosses the property from the just south of the developed area to the
approximate southeast property corner. We anticipate this swale will be piped and
backfilled during site development in order to reduce the potential for water surcharging
overall groundwater levels in the localized area.
Perched and/or trapped groundwater conditions may also be encountered at times
throughout the year. Perched water is commonly encountered in soils overlying less
permeable soil layers and/or bedrock. Trapped water is typically encountered within
more permeable zones of layered soil and bedrock systems. The location and amount of
perched/trapped water can also vary over time.
ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
General
Based on the subsurface conditions encountered in the completed site borings, results of
field and laboratory testing and type of construction proposed, we expect a majority of
Preliminary Geotechnical Subsurface Exploration Report
Herring Property - 2430 South Overland Trail
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic # 15-1132
5
the proposed lightly-loaded residential structures could be constructed with conventional
footing foundations bearing directly on the silty/clayey sand and lean clay overburden
soils or properly placed and compacted fill soils with low volume change potential.
Overexcavation/backfill procedures would be required where deeper-lying lean clay soils
exhibited high to very high swell potential in laboratory testing, notably in the vicinity of
boring B-5, drilled in the approximate southeast quarter of the property. Based on the
depth of expansive soils encountered in this area, overexcavation/backfill procedures on
the order of 10 feet below proposed basement bearing elevation would be anticipated.
Drilled pier foundations systems used in conjunction with structural flooring systems
could also be employed in areas where expansive soils are encountered. Deeper
subsurface exploration would be required to define depth to bedrock in order to develop
drilled pier foundation design criteria in these areas.
The near-surface lean clay and silty/clayey sand soils encountered at this site typically
exhibited low swell potential at in-situ moisture and density conditions, and in our
opinion, could be used for direct support of floor slabs and exterior flatwork across a
majority of the site. Similarly, we do not expect overexcavation/backfill procedures will
be required to develop finish pavement subgrade levels. Based on the results of
completed laboratory testing, the site lean clay and silty/clayey sand also generally
appear suitable for use as low volume change (LVC) fill to develop the site.
Demolition and Site Development
All existing topsoil and vegetation should be removed from proposed fill and pavement
areas. In addition, any existing site improvements, including foundation and floor slab
concrete associated with the existing site residences and outbuildings should be
completely removed. Care will be needed to ensure all soft/loose zones of in-place fill
and backfill material associated with the existing site improvements is also completely
removed. In addition, all tree root systems and dry and desiccated soils associated with
the tree root systems should be completely removed from proposed improvement areas.
The excavated/removed materials should be replaced with controlled and compacted fill
developed as outlined below.
Preliminary Geotechnical Subsurface Exploration Report
Herring Property - 2430 South Overland Trail
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic # 15-1132
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After completing all cuts and any removal procedures and prior to placement of any fill
or overexcavation/backfill, we recommend the exposed subgrade soils be scarified to a
depth of 9 inches, adjusted in moisture content and compacted to at least 95% of the
materials standard Proctor maximum dry density. The moisture content of the scarified
soils should be adjusted to within ±2% of standard Proctor optimum moisture content at
the time of compaction.
Fill soils required to develop the site should consist of approved low volume change
(LVC) soils free from organic matter, debris and other objectionable materials. Based on
the results of the completed laboratory testing, it is our opinion the site lean clay and
silty/clayey sand could be used as fill to develop the site. Cobbles greater than 3 inches
in any dimension should not be used as fill within the top 18 inches of subgrade in floor
slab, exterior flatwork and pavement areas. If it is necessary to import fill material to the
site, those materials should have low potential for volume change and be relatively
impervious. Fill soils should be approved prior to use. Typically soils with a liquid limit
less than 40 and plasticity index less than 18 could be used as low volume change fill.
We recommend the site lean clay and silty/clayey sand or approved import LVC soils be
placed in loose lifts not to exceed 9 inches thick, adjusted in moisture content and
compacted as recommended for the scarified materials above.
Footing Foundations
Based on the materials encountered in the completed site borings and results of
laboratory testing, we expect a majority of the site structures could be constructed with
conventional spread footing foundations bearing on the natural sandy lean clay and/or
silty/clayey sand and gravel with low volume change potential or suitable fill soils placed
and compacted as outlined above. Overexcavation/backfill procedures would be required
where deeper-lying lean clay soils exhibited high to very high swell potential in
laboratory testing, notably in the vicinity of boring B-5, drilled in the approximate
southeast quarter of the property. Based on the depth of expansive soils encountered in
this area, overexcavation/backfill procedures on the order of 10 feet below proposed
basement bearing elevation would be anticipated. Developing adequate separation
distance between foundations and expansive soils through fill placement could also be
considered. Drilled pier foundations systems used in conjunction with structural flooring
Preliminary Geotechnical Subsurface Exploration Report
Herring Property - 2430 South Overland Trail
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic # 15-1132
7
systems could also be employed in areas where expansive soils are encountered. Deeper
subsurface exploration would be required to define depth to bedrock in order to develop
drilled pier foundation design criteria in these areas.
It may be possible to recondition the highly to very highly expansive lean clay soils in the
area of boring B-5 at the time of overlot grading, potentially precluding the need for any
future overexcavation/backfill procedures that may become warranted if the materials
were allowed to remain in place prior to fill placement. Further exploration would be
required prior to grading to fully define the depth and lateral extent of these soils.
For design of footing foundations bearing on natural, undisturbed sandy lean clay and/or
silty/clayey sand and gravel with low volume change potential or properly placed and
compacted fill or overexcavation/backfill, maximum net allowable soil bearing pressures
in the range of 1,000 to 2,000 psf appear suitable, with minimum dead-load pressures in
the range of 500 to 650 psf.
Individual site explorations should be completed for each of the proposed residences to
help better define subsurface conditions at the specific residence locations and ensure the
proposed improvements will be supported on like materials with suitable strength and
low volume change potential.
Drilled Pier Foundations
Where highly to very highly expansive clay is encountered near proposed foundation
bearing elevation at the time of site-specific subsurface exploration, it is our opinion
drilled pier foundations used in conjunction with structural flooring systems would offer
the most reliable method for mitigating damage to the residences and residence floor
slabs as a result of expansive clay uplift forces. We expect drilled pier and structural
flooring systems would be required across less than 25% of the site, if at all. Drilled
piers would develop support capacity through a combination of end bearing and skin
friction along the drilled shaft extended into bedrock underlying the site or be designed as
friction piers and terminated in the overburden lean clay soils. Uplift forces developed
on the drilled piers by expansive lean clays would be resisted by anchoring the piers into
deeper-lying bedrock or lean clays less likely to experience moisture-induced volume
Preliminary Geotechnical Subsurface Exploration Report
Herring Property - 2430 South Overland Trail
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic # 15-1132
8
change subsequent to construction. Deeper subsurface exploration would be required to
define depth to bedrock in order to develop drilled pier foundation design criteria in these
areas.
Floor Slabs
Based on the type of construction proposed and results of the completed field and
laboratory testing, we expect a majority of the lightly-loaded residential floor slabs could
be supported on natural, undisturbed site lean clay and/or silty/clayey sand with low swell
potential or properly placed and compacted fill or overexcavation/backfill (where
required).
Care should be taken to avoid disturbing floor slab subgrades prior to concrete placement.
Subgrade soils expected to receive floor slab concrete should be evaluated closely prior
to surfacing. If areas of disturbed, wet and softened, or dry subgrade soils develop during
construction, those materials should be removed and replaced or reworked in place prior
to placement of the overlying improvements.
Basement Construction
We recommend perimeter drain systems be installed around all below-grade areas to help
reduce the potential for development of hydrostatic pressures behind below-grade walls
and surface water infiltration into the basement areas. Perimeter drain systems should
consist of a 4-inch diameter, perforated drain pipe surrounded by a minimum of six (6)
inches of free-draining gravel. A filter fabric should be considered around the free-
draining gravel or perforated pipe to reduce the potential for an influx of fine-grained
soils into the systems. The drain pipes should be placed at approximate foundation
bearing level at the high point of the systems, run around the exterior or interior
perimeters of the below-grade areas with a minimum slope of ⅛-inch per foot to facilitate
efficient water removal and be designed to discharge to sump pit and pump systems,
underdrain system or free outfalls. If free outfalls will be considered, measures to help
reduce the potential for reverse flow and animal access into the systems should be
considered.
Preliminary Geotechnical Subsurface Exploration Report
Herring Property - 2430 South Overland Trail
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic # 15-1132
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Backfill placed adjacent to the below grade walls should consist of LVC potential and
relatively impervious soils which are free from organic matter, debris and other
objectionable materials. The site lean clay and silty/clayey sand with gravel could be
used as backfill in these areas. Cobbles greater than 3 inches in any dimension should be
screened and removed prior to use as wall backfill to reduce the potential for point loads
on the foundation walls. The site lean clay and silty/clayey sand backfill soils should be
placed in loose lifts not to exceed 9 inches thick, adjusted to be within ±2% of standard
Proctor optimum moisture content and compacted to at least 95% of the materials
standard Proctor maximum dry density.
Excessive lateral stress can be imposed on below-grade walls when using heavier
mechanical compaction equipment. We recommend compaction of unbalanced basement
wall backfill be completed using light mechanical or hand compaction equipment.
Utility Installation
Bedding around utility pipelines should be placed in accordance with recommendations
from the pipeline designer. Backfill soils placed above pipelines should consist of
approved materials which are free from organic matter, debris and other objectionable
materials. The on-site lean clay and silty/clayey sand could be used as pipeline backfill.
Pipeline backfill should be placed in maximum 9-inch loose lifts, adjusted to within ±2%
of standard Proctor optimum moisture content and compacted to at least 95% of the
materials standard Proctor maximum dry density. At current moisture contents, we
expect the site soils will require the addition of water to achieve proper moisture content
prior to placement as utility backfill.
Care will be needed to ensure utilities are not placed on or above disturbed or sloughed
materials. Utility excavations will likely expose the overburden lean clay and
silty/clayey sand. Care will also be needed to develop stable side slopes in pipeline
trenches. As such, we expect temporary shoring, bracing, or cutting of shallow slopes
may be necessary in deeper excavations. Excavations should be sloped or shored in the
interest of safety following local and federal regulations, including current OSHA
excavation and trench safety standards. As a safety measure, it is recommended that
Preliminary Geotechnical Subsurface Exploration Report
Herring Property - 2430 South Overland Trail
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic # 15-1132
10
vehicles and soil stockpiles be kept to a minimum lateral distance from the crest of the
slope equal to no less than the slope height.
Groundwater was not encountered in the site borings to a depth of 15 feet below present
site grade, however perched/trapped water may be encountered at times during the year.
Cuts below groundwater elevation will require dewatering to facilitate proper
construction. We expect a majority of the dewatering procedures could be completed
through open pumping procedures in sumps fed from ditches or sloped trench
excavations.
Site Pavements
We expect the pavement subgrades will consist of lean clay and silty/clayey sand with
low swell potential. Pavement subgrades should be developed as outlined in the “Site
Development” portion of this report. At current moisture levels, and provided streets are
constructed at or near present site grades, we do not expect overexcavation/backfill
procedures would be required for development of the roadway subgrade soils.
Structure pavement design is based, in part, on subgrade support as established by the
Hveem R-value test. The site lean clay would be subject to low remolded strength. An
R-value test of the subgrade soils will be required at the time of final pavement design.
Drilling for final pavement design can be completed once the roadway system is
developed to approximate finish grade and water and sewer utilities installed in
accordance with Larimer County Urban Area Street Standards (LCUASS). The
development streets are anticipated to be classified as local residential, with expected low
volumes of passenger vehicle traffic. For preliminary estimates, a composite pavement
section consisting of 4 to 5 inches of hot bituminous pavement overlying 6 to 8 inches of
aggregate base course could be used.
Drainage
Positive drainage is imperative for satisfactory long-term performance of the proposed
site structures and associated site improvements. We recommend positive drainage be
developed away from all site structures and pavement areas to reduce the potential for
Preliminary Geotechnical Subsurface Exploration Report
Herring Property - 2430 South Overland Trail
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic # 15-1132
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wetting of the subgrade and bearing materials. Water which is allowed to pond adjacent
to site improvements can result in unsatisfactory performance of those improvements
over time. Water which is allowed to pond adjacent to site roadways can result in a loss
of subgrade support and premature failure of the roadway pavement sections.
LIMITATIONS
This report was prepared based upon the data obtained from the completed site
exploration, laboratory testing, engineering analysis and any other information discussed.
The completed borings provide an indication of subsurface conditions at the boring
locations only. Variations in subsurface conditions can occur in relatively short distances
away from the borings. This report does not reflect any variations which may occur
across the site or away from the borings. If variations in the subsurface conditions
anticipated become evident, the geotechnical engineer should be notified immediately so
that further evaluation and supplemental recommendations can be provided.
The scope of services for this project does not include either specifically or by
implication any biological or environmental assessment of the site or identification or
prevention of pollutants or hazardous materials or conditions. Other studies should be
completed if concerns over the potential of such contamination or pollution exist.
The geotechnical engineer should be retained to review the plans and specifications so
that comments can be made regarding the interpretation and implementation of our
geotechnical recommendations in the design and specifications. The geotechnical
engineer should also be retained to provide testing and observation services during
construction to help determine that the design requirements are fulfilled.
This report has been prepared for the exclusive use of our client for specific application
to the project discussed and has been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted
standard of care for the profession. No warranties express or implied, are made. The
conclusions and recommendations contained in this report should not be considered valid
in the event that any changes in the nature, design or location of the project as outlined in
this report are planned, unless those changes are reviewed and the conclusions of this
report modified and verified in writing by the geotechnical engineer.
LOG OF BORING B-1
1/1 CME 55
4" CFA
Manual
BMc
Estimated Swell % Passing
SOIL DESCRIPTION Depth "N" MC DD qu % Swell @ Pressure # 200 Sieve
(ft) (%) (pcf) (psf) 500 psf (psf) LL PI (%)
0 - 8" VEGETATION & TOPSOIL -
1
-
2
-
3
-
SC-SM SILTY to CLAYEY SAND 4
w/G with GRAVEL & COBBLES -
brown, rust 5 CS 50/2" 7.7 97.1 N/A - - - - -
very dense -
6
-
7
-
8
-
9
-
10 CS 19 17.4 110.7 9000+ None <500 - - -
-
11
CL SANDY LEAN CLAY -
light brown/beige 12
very stiff -
trace to minor GRAVEL 13
-
14
-
15 CS 27 15.1 115.0 9000+ None @ 1000 <1000 - - -
BOTTOM OF BORING @ 15.0' -
16
-
17
-
18
-
19
-
20
-
21
-
22
-
23
-
24
-
25
HERRING PROPERTY PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION
2430 S. OVERLAND TRAIL, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
LOG OF BORING B-2
1/1 CME 55
4" CFA
Manual
BMc
Estimated Swell % Passing
SOIL DESCRIPTION Depth "N" MC DD qu % Swell @ Pressure # 200 Sieve
(ft) (%) (pcf) (psf) 500 psf (psf) LL PI (%)
0 - 6" VEGETATION & TOPSOIL -
1
-
2
-
3 CS 34 3.3 110.8 N/A - - - - -
-
4
-
5 CS 29 6.7 113.9 N/A - - - - -
-
6
-
SC-SM SILTY to CLAYEY SAND with 7
varying amouts of GRAVEL -
brown, red-brown, rust 8
medium dense -
contains SANDY LEAN CLAY lenses 9
-
10 CS 30 6.8 121.7 9000+ None <500 - - -
-
11
-
12
-
13
-
14
-
15 CS 24 4.5 131.6 9000+ - - - - -
BOTTOM OF BORING @ 15.0' -
16
-
17
-
18
-
19
-
20
-
21
-
22
-
23
-
24
-
25
HERRING PROPERTY PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION
Atterberg Limits
LOG OF BORING B-3
1/1 CME 55
4" CFA
Manual
BMc
Estimated Swell % Passing
SOIL DESCRIPTION Depth "N" MC DD qu % Swell @ Pressure # 200 Sieve
(ft) (%) (pcf) (psf) 500 psf (psf) LL PI (%)
0 - 4" VEGETATION & TOPSOIL -
1
-
2
-
3 CS 11 14.9 111.6 9000 None <500 28 13 45.8%
-
4
-
CL-SC SANDY LEAN CLAY to CLAYEY SAND 5 CS 16 12.1 113.5 7000 None <500 - - -
varies -
brown, red-brown, beige, rust 6
stiff to very stiff / loose to medium dense -
trace to minor GRAVEL 7
-
8
-
9
increasing GRAVEL content -
below 9' depth 10 CS 26 2.8 125.0 9000+ - - - - -
-
11
-
12
-
13
-
14
-
15 CS 24 3.5 128.5 9000+ - - - - -
BOTTOM OF BORING @ 15.0' -
16
-
17
-
18
-
19
-
20
-
21
-
22
-
23
-
24
-
25
HERRING PROPERTY PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION
2430 S. OVERLAND TRAIL, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
LOG OF BORING B-4
1/1 CME 55
4" CFA
Manual
BMc
Estimated Swell % Passing
SOIL DESCRIPTION Depth "N" MC DD qu % Swell @ Pressure # 200 Sieve
(ft) (%) (pcf) (psf) 500 psf (psf) LL PI (%)
0 - 6" VEGETATION & TOPSOIL -
1
-
2
-
3 CS 9 15.7 109.4 8000 None <500 - - -
-
4
-
5 CS 12 13.5 105.1 5500 - - - - -
-
6
-
CL SANDY LEAN CLAY 7
dark brown to brown, beige, rust -
medium stiff to very stiff 8
silty, minor GRAVEL -
9
-
10 CS 23 4.7 111.3 9000+ None <500 - - -
-
11
-
12
CL-SC possibly varies to CLAYEY SAND -
with varying amounts of GRAVEL 13
with depth -
loose 14
-
15 CS 12 5.7 88.9 N/A - - - - -
BOTTOM OF BORING @ 15.0' -
16
-
17
-
18
-
19
-
20
-
21
-
22
-
23
-
24
-
25
HERRING PROPERTY PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION
2430 S. OVERLAND TRAIL, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
LOG OF BORING B-5
1/1 CME 55
4" CFA
Manual
BMc
Estimated Swell % Passing
SOIL DESCRIPTION Depth "N" MC DD qu % Swell @ Pressure # 200 Sieve
(ft) (%) (pcf) (psf) 500 psf (psf) LL PI (%)
0 - 6" VEGETATION & TOPSOIL -
1
-
2
-
CL-SC SANDY LEAN CLAY to CLAYEY SAND 3
varies -
brown, rust 4
medium stiff / loose -
5 CS 8 10.8 109.3 9000+ - - - - -
-
6
-
7
-
8
-
9
-
10 CS 25 9.7 126.0 9000+ 7.4% 9000 - - -
CL SANDY LEAN CLAY -
brown, olive, gray, beige, rust 11
very stiff to hard -
trace to minor GRAVEL 12
-
13
-
14
-
15 CS 41 11.9 125.2 9000+ 6.3% @ 1000 12000 - - -
BOTTOM OF BORING @ 15.0' -
16
-
17
-
18
-
19
-
20
-
21
-
22
-
23
-
24
-
25
HERRING PROPERTY PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION
2430 S. OVERLAND TRAIL, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
Liquid Limit -
Plasticity Index -
% Passing #200 -
Dry Density 110.7 pcf
Sample Description: Brown/Rust/Beige Sandy Lean Clay (CL) with Gravel
Sample ID: B-1 @ 9'
HERRING PROPERTY PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION
2430 S. OVERLAND TRAIL, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
Project # 15-1132
June 2015
SWELL/CONSOLIDATION TEST SUMMARY
None
<500 psf
Initial Moisture
Final Moisture
% Swell @ 500 psf
Swell Pressure
17.4%
15.3%
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
10 100 1000 10000 100000
---------
Applied Load (psf)
Liquid Limit -
Plasticity Index -
% Passing #200 -
Dry Density 115.0 pcf
Final Moisture 16.5%
% Swell @ 1,000 psf None
Swell Pressure <500 paf
Sample ID: B-1 @ 14'
Sample Description: Brown/Rust/Beige Sandy Lean Clay (CL) with Gravel
Initial Moisture 15.1%
HERRING PROPERTY PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION
2430 S. OVERLAND TRAIL, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
Project # 15-1132
June 2015
SWELL/CONSOLIDATION TEST SUMMARY
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
10 100 1000 10000 100000
---------
Applied Load (psf)
Liquid Limit -
Plasticity Index -
% Passing #200 -
Dry Density 121.7 pcf
Final Moisture 11.1%
% Swell @ 500 psf None
Swell Pressure <500 psf
Sample ID: B-2 @ 9'
Sample Description: Brown/Red-Brown/Rust Clayey Sand (SC) with Gravel
Initial Moisture 6.8%
HERRING PROPERTY PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION
2430 S. OVERLAND TRAIL, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
Project # 15-1132
June 2015
SWELL/CONSOLIDATION TEST SUMMARY
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
10 100 1000 10000 100000
---------
Applied Load (psf)
Liquid Limit 28
Plasticity Index 13
% Passing #200 45.8%
Dry Density 111.6 pcf
Final Moisture 18.3%
% Swell @ 500 psf None
Swell Pressure <500 psf
Sample ID: B-3 @ 2'
Sample Description: Brown/Rust Clayey Sand (SC) with Gravel
Initial Moisture 14.9%
HERRING PROPERTY PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION
2430 S. OVERLAND TRAIL, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
Project # 15-1132
June 2015
SWELL/CONSOLIDATION TEST SUMMARY
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
10 100 1000 10000 100000
---------
Applied Load (psf)
Liquid Limit -
Plasticity Index -
% Passing #200 -
Dry Density 113.5 pcf
Final Moisture 15.9%
% Swell @ 500 psf None
Swell Pressure <500 psf
Sample ID: B-3 @ 4'
Sample Description: Red-Brown Sandy Lean Clay to Clayey Sand (CL-SC) with Gravel
Initial Moisture 12.1%
HERRING PROPERTY PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION
2430 S. OVERLAND TRAIL, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
Project # 15-1132
June 2015
SWELL/CONSOLIDATION TEST SUMMARY
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
10 100 1000 10000 100000
---------
Applied Load (psf)
Liquid Limit -
Plasticity Index -
% Passing #200 -
Dry Density 109.4 pcf
Final Moisture 17.6%
% Swell @ 500 psf None
Swell Pressure <500 psf
Sample ID: B-4 @ 2'
Sample Description: Dark Brown Sandy Lean Clay (CL), silty
Initial Moisture 15.7%
HERRING PROPERTY PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION
2430 S. OVERLAND TRAIL, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
Project # 15-1132
June 2015
SWELL/CONSOLIDATION TEST SUMMARY
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
10 100 1000 10000 100000
---------
Applied Load (psf)
Liquid Limit -
Plasticity Index -
% Passing #200 -
Dry Density 111.3 pcf
Final Moisture 16.7%
% Swell @ 500 psf None
Swell Pressure <500 psf
Sample ID: B-4 @ 9'
Sample Description: Beige/Rust Sandy Lean Clay (CL) with Gravel
Initial Moisture 4.7%
HERRING PROPERTY PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION
2430 S. OVERLAND TRAIL, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
Project # 15-1132
June 2015
SWELL/CONSOLIDATION TEST SUMMARY
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
10 100 1000 10000 100000
---------
Applied Load (psf)
Liquid Limit -
Plasticity Index -
% Passing #200 -
Dry Density 126.0 pcf
Final Moisture 13.1%
% Swell @ 500 psf 7.4%
Swell Pressure 9,000 psf
Sample ID: B-5 @ 9'
Sample Description: Gray-Brown/Beige/Rust Sandy Lean Clay (CL) with Gravel
Initial Moisture 9.7%
HERRING PROPERTY PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION
2430 S. OVERLAND TRAIL, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
Project # 15-1132
June 2015
SWELL/CONSOLIDATION TEST SUMMARY
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
10 100 1000 10000 100000
---------
Applied Load (psf)
Liquid Limit -
Plasticity Index -
% Passing #200 -
Dry Density 125.2 pcf
Final Moisture 13.9%
% Swell @ 1,000 psf 6.3%
Swell Pressure 12,000 psf
Sample ID: B-5 @ 14'
Sample Description: Gray-Brown/Olive/Brown Sandy Lean Clay (CL), minor Gravel
Initial Moisture 11.9%
HERRING PROPERTY PRELIMINARY EXPLORATION
2430 S. OVERLAND TRAIL, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
Project # 15-1132
June 2015
SWELL/CONSOLIDATION TEST SUMMARY
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
10 100 1000 10000 100000
---------
Applied Load (psf)
UNIFIED SOIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
Criteria for Assigning Group Symbols and Group Names Using Laboratory TestsA Soil Classification
Group
Symbol
Group NameB
Clean Gravels Cu ! 4 and 1 " Cc " 3E GW Well graded gravelF
Less than 5% finesC Cu
< 4 and/or 1 > Cc > 3E GP Poorly graded gravelF
Fines classify as ML or MH GM Silty gravelF,G, H
Coarse Grained Soils
More than 50% retained
on No. 200 sieve
Gravels
More than 50% of coarse
fraction retained on
No. 4 sieve Gravels with Fines More
than 12% finesC Fines classify as CL or CH GC Clayey gravelF,G,H
Clean Sands Cu ! 6 and 1 " Cc " 3E SW Well graded sandI
Less than 5% finesD Cu
< 6 and/or 1 > Cc > 3E SP Poorly graded sandI
Fines classify as ML or MH SM Silty sandG,H,I
Sands
50% or more of coarse
fraction passes
No. 4 sieve Sands with Fines
More than 12% finesD Fines classify as CL or CH SC Clayey sandG,H,I
Silts and Clays PI > 7 and plots on or above “A” lineJ CL Lean clayK,L,M
Liquid limit less than 50
Inorganic
PI < 4 or plots below “A” lineJ ML SiltK,L,M
Liquid limit - oven
dried
Organic clayK,L,M,N
Fine-Grained Soils
50% or more passes the
No. 200 sieve
Organic
Liquid limit - not
dried
< 0.75 OL
Organic siltK,L,M,O
Inorganic PI plots on or above “A” line CH Fat clayK,L,M
Silts and Clays
Liquid limit 50 or more
PI plots below “A” line MH Elastic siltK,L,M
Organic Liquid limit - oven dried Organic clayK,L,M,P
Liquid limit - not dried
< 0.75 OH
Organic siltK,L,M,Q
Highly organic soils Primarily organic matter, dark in color, and organic odor PT Peat
A Based on the material passing the 3-in. (75-mm) sieve
B If field sample contained cobbles or boulders, or both, add “with cobbles
or boulders, or both” to group name.
C Gravels with 5 to 12% fines require dual symbols: GW-GM well graded
gravel with silt, GW-GC well graded gravel with clay, GP-GM poorly
graded gravel with silt, GP-GC poorly graded gravel with clay.
D Sands with 5 to 12% fines require dual symbols: SW-SM well graded
sand with silt, SW-SC well graded sand with clay, SP-SM poorly graded
sand with silt, SP-SC poorly graded sand with clay
E Cu = D60/D10 Cc =
GENERAL NOTES
DRILLING & SAMPLING SYMBOLS:
SS: Split Spoon - 1⅜" I.D., 2" O.D., unless otherwise noted HS: Hollow Stem Auger
ST: Thin-Walled Tube – 2.5" O.D., unless otherwise noted PA: Power Auger
RS: Ring Sampler - 2.42" I.D., 3" O.D., unless otherwise noted HA: Hand Auger
CS: California Barrel - 1.92" I.D., 2.5" O.D., unless otherwise noted RB: Rock Bit
BS: Bulk Sample or Auger Sample WB: Wash Boring or Mud Rotary
The number of blows required to advance a standard 2-inch O.D. split-spoon sampler (SS) the last 12 inches of the total 18-inch
penetration with a 140-pound hammer falling 30 inches is considered the “Standard Penetration” or “N-value”. For 2.5” O.D.
California Barrel samplers (CB) the penetration value is reported as the number of blows required to advance the sampler 12
inches using a 140-pound hammer falling 30 inches, reported as “blows per inch,” and is not considered equivalent to the
“Standard Penetration” or “N-value”.
WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENT SYMBOLS:
WL: Water Level WS: While Sampling
WCI: Wet Cave in WD: While Drilling
DCI: Dry Cave in BCR: Before Casing Removal
AB: After Boring ACR: After Casing Removal
Water levels indicated on the boring logs are the levels measured in the borings at the times indicated. Groundwater levels at other
times and other locations across the site could vary. In pervious soils, the indicated levels may reflect the location of groundwater.
In low permeability soils, the accurate determination of groundwater levels may not be possible with only short-term observations.
DESCRIPTIVE SOIL CLASSIFICATION: Soil classification is based on the Unified Classification System. Coarse Grained Soils
have more than 50% of their dry weight retained on a #200 sieve; their principal descriptors are: boulders, cobbles, gravel or sand.
Fine Grained Soils have less than 50% of their dry weight retained on a #200 sieve; they are principally described as clays if they
are plastic, and silts if they are slightly plastic or non-plastic. Major constituents may be added as modifiers and minor constituents
may be added according to the relative proportions based on grain size. In addition to gradation, coarse-grained soils are defined
on the basis of their in-place relative density and fine-grained soils on the basis of their consistency.
FINE-GRAINED SOILS COARSE-GRAINED SOILS BEDROCK
(CB)
Blows/Ft.
(SS)
Blows/Ft.
Consistency
(CB)
Blows/Ft.
(SS)
Blows/Ft.
Relative
Density
(CB)
Blows/Ft.
(SS)
Blows/Ft.
Consistency
< 3 0-2 Very Soft 0-5 < 3 Very Loose < 24 < 20 Weathered
3-5 3-4 Soft 6-14 4-9 Loose 24-35 20-29 Firm
6-10 5-8 Medium Stiff 15-46 10-29 Medium Dense 36-60 30-49 Medium Hard
11-18 9-15 Stiff 47-79 30-50 Dense 61-96 50-79 Hard
19-36 16-30 Very Stiff > 79 > 50 Very Dense > 96 > 79 Very Hard
> 36 > 30 Hard
RELATIVE PROPORTIONS OF SAND AND
GRAVEL
GRAIN SIZE TERMINOLOGY
Descriptive Terms of
Other Constituents
Percent of
Dry Weight
Major Component
of Sample
Particle Size
Trace < 15 Boulders Over 12 in. (300mm)
With 15 – 29 Cobbles 12 in. to 3 in. (300mm to 75 mm)
Modifier > 30 Gravel 3 in. to #4 sieve (75mm to 4.75 mm)
Sand
Silt or Clay
#4 to #200 sieve (4.75mm to 0.075mm)
Passing #200 Sieve (0.075mm)
RELATIVE PROPORTIONS OF FINES PLASTICITY DESCRIPTION
Descriptive Terms of
Other Constituents
Percent of
Dry Weight
Term Plasticity Index
Trace
With
Modifiers
< 5
5 – 12
> 12
Non-plastic
Low
Medium
High
0
1-10
11-30
30+
F If soil contains ! 15% sand, add “with sand” to group name.
G If fines classify as CL-ML, use dual symbol GC-GM, or SC-SM.
HIf fines are organic, add “with organic fines” to group name.
I If soil contains ! 15% gravel, add “with gravel” to group name.
J If Atterberg limits plot in shaded area, soil is a CL-ML, silty clay.
K If soil contains 15 to 29% plus No. 200, add “with sand” or “with
gravel,” whichever is predominant.
L If soil contains ! 30% plus No. 200 predominantly sand, add
“sandy” to group name.
M If soil contains ! 30% plus No. 200, predominantly gravel, add
“gravelly” to group name.
N PI ! 4 and plots on or above “A” line.
O PI < 4 or plots below “A” line.
P PI plots on or above “A” line.
Q PI plots below “A” line.
Project # 15-1132
June 2015
Sheet Drilling Rig: Water Depth Information
Start Date 5/28/2015 Auger Type: During Drilling None
Finish Date 5/28/2015 Hammer Type: After Drilling None
Surface Elev. - Field Personnel: 24 Hours After Drilling -
USCS
Sampler
Atterberg Limits
Project # 15-1132
June 2015
Sheet Drilling Rig: Water Depth Information
Start Date 5/28/2015 Auger Type: During Drilling None
Finish Date 5/28/2015 Hammer Type: After Drilling None
Surface Elev. - Field Personnel: 24 Hours After Drilling -
USCS
Sampler
Atterberg Limits
Project # 15-1132
June 2015
Sheet Drilling Rig: Water Depth Information
Start Date 5/28/2015 Auger Type: During Drilling None
Finish Date 5/28/2015 Hammer Type: After Drilling None
Surface Elev. - Field Personnel: 24 Hours After Drilling -
USCS
Sampler
Atterberg Limits
-
During Drilling
After Drilling
Sheet
Start Date
Finish Date
24 Hours After Drilling
Water Depth Information
5/28/2015 None
2430 S. OVERLAND TRAIL, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
Project # 15-1132
June 2015
Sampler
USCS
Surface Elev.
None
Auger Type:
Drilling Rig:
Hammer Type:
Field Personnel:
5/28/2015
-
Project # 15-1132
June 2015
Sheet Drilling Rig: Water Depth Information
Start Date 5/28/2015 Auger Type: During Drilling None
Finish Date 5/28/2015 Hammer Type: After Drilling None
Surface Elev. - Field Personnel: 24 Hours After Drilling -
USCS
Sampler
Atterberg Limits