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HomeMy WebLinkAboutST. ELIZABETH ANN SETON CHURCH EXPANSION - FDP - FDP180003 - SUBMITTAL DOCUMENTS - ROUND 1 - GEOTECHNICAL (SOILS) REPORTREPORT COVER PAGE Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 Terracon Project No. 20175063 Prepared for: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Church Fort Collins, Colorado Prepared by: Terracon Consultants, Inc. Fort Collins, Colorado Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable REPORT SUMMARY Topic 1 Overview Statement 2 Project Description About 6,000 square foot structure Max. Column loads: 200 kips, Max. Wall loads: 6 kips per linear foot, Max. Slabs loads, 150 pounds per square foot Up to 5 feet of fill to achieve final grade Little excavation other than foundation construction Expected traffic for pavement areas: ■ 200 autos/light trucks per day ■ Up to 20 medium-duty delivery/trash trucks per week Geotechnical Characterization Lean clays to depths of about 9 to 19 feet Partially weathered claystone to about below 9 feet to 22 feet Claystone bedrock to maximum depths of exploration of 35½ feet Groundwater encountered in Boring B1 at a depth about 5 feet Earthwork On-site soils are suitable for ill materials. Deep fills are planned below the proposed floor for the addition. Recommendations for a structurally supported floor system or increased compactive effort for imported granular fills placed below a floor slab are presented in the report. Deep Foundations Based on design recommendations from previous reports, the church is assumed to have a slab-on-grade floor system supported by a drilled pier foundation system. To minimize the difference between the existing and the addition, the addition should be supported on a drilled pier foundation system. Below-grade Structures The building will have a partial basement extending about 14 feet below the first floor level. Pavements for fire access road With subgrade prepared as noted in Earthwork Portland Cement Concrete (PCC): ■ 6” PCC in fire access road Asphaltic Cement Concrete (ACC): ■ 6” ACC over 4” aggregate base course in fire access road Gravel-surface Roadway: ■ 18” Gravel-surfacing in fire access road General Comments This section contains important information about the limitations of this geotechnical engineering report. Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable REPORT TOPICS REPORT TOPICS REPORT SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 SITE CONDITIONS ......................................................................................................... 1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................. 2 GEOTECHNICAL CHARACTERIZATION ...................................................................... 3 GEOTECHNICAL OVERVIEW ....................................................................................... 5 EARTHWORK................................................................................................................. 6 DEEP FOUNDATIONS ................................................................................................. 10 SEISMIC CONSIDERATIONS ...................................................................................... 12 FLOOR SYSTEMS........................................................................................................ 13 LATERAL EARTH PRESSURES ................................................................................. 16 PAVEMENTS ................................................................................................................ 17 CORROSIVITY.............................................................................................................. 21 GENERAL COMMENTS ............................................................................................... 21 Note: This report was originally delivered in a web-based format. Orange Bold text in the report indicates a referenced section heading. The PDF version also includes hyperlinks which direct the reader to that section, and clicking on the logo in the top right corner will bring you back to this page. For more interactive features, please view your project online at client.terracon.com. ATTACHMENTS EXPLORATION AND TESTING PROCEDURES SITE LOCATION AND EXPLORATION PLAN EXPLORATION RESULTS (Boring Logs and Laboratory Data) SUPPORTING INFORMATION (General Notes) Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 1 INTRODUCTION Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition 5450 South Lemay Avenue Fort Collins, Colorado Terracon Project No. 20175063 September 28, 2017 INTRODUCTION This report presents the results of our subsurface exploration and geotechnical engineering services performed for the proposed St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition to be located at 5450 South Lemay Avenue in Fort Collins, Colorado. Previously, Terracon prepared multiple Geotechnical Engineering Reports (Project No. 20035083; report dated August 26, 2003) for the northwest addition and (Project No. 20985150; report dated October 5, 1998) for proposed additions on this site. The purpose of these services is to provide information and geotechnical engineering recommendations relative to: ■ Subsurface soil (and rock) conditions ■ Floor slab design and construction ■ Groundwater conditions ■ Lateral earth pressures ■ Site preparation and earthwork ■ Seismic site classification per IBC ■ Excavation considerations ■ Foundation design and construction ■ Pavement recommendations for a fire access road to the south of the existing building The geotechnical engineering scope of services for this project included the advancement of 5 test borings to depths ranging from approximately 10½ to 35½ feet below existing site grades. Maps showing the site and boring locations are shown in the Site Location and Exploration Plan sections, respectively. The results of the laboratory testing performed on soil samples obtained from the site during the field exploration are included on the boring logs in the Exploration Results section of this report. SITE CONDITIONS The following description of site conditions is derived from our site visit in association with the field exploration and our review of publicly available geologic and topographic maps. Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 2 Item Description Parcel Information The site is located at 5450 South Lemay Avenue Fort Collins, Colorado. The approximate Latitude/Longitude of the center of the site is 40.5101° N/105.0565° W. See Site Location Existing Improvements St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Church is an existing two-story church with a walkout basement, surrounding landscaping, exterior concrete flatwork, and asphalt pavements. Based on design recommendations from previous reports, the church is assumed to have a slab-on-grade floor system supported by a drilled pier foundation system. Current Ground Cover Various landscaping, existing building, parking and drive areas and sidewalks. Existing Topography The building addition site slopes away from the building towards a detention pond area in the southwest corner of the property. A total elevation difference of about 17 feet is present across the addition footprint with an additional drop in elevation of about 12 feet to the base of the detention pond. Geology The proposed area is located within the Colorado Piedmont section of the Great Plains physiographic province. The site is underlain by the Cretaceous Pierre Formation. The Pierre shale underlies the site at depths of 3½ feet to greater than 10 feet. The bedrock is anticipated to overlain by residual and alluvial clays of Pleistocene and/or Recent Age. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Our initial understanding of the project was provided in our proposal and was discussed in the project planning stage. A period of collaboration has transpired since the project was initiated, and our final understanding of the project conditions is as follows: Item Description Information Provided A provided drawing showing the grading plan and building location developed by CCG Engineering Consultants, dated June 7, 2017. Project Description The project will include a 1-story building addition containing a worship room with a footprint of about 6,000 square feet. There will be a small section for a basement at the southwest side and a crawl space under the majority of the addition (non-basement). Building Construction The proposed building will be steel-framed with concrete exterior walls. Finished Floor Elevation Finished floor elevation is expected to be at 4964.7 and 4950.7 for the partial basement, MSL. Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 3 Item Description Maximum Loads Columns: 200 kips maximum (assumed) Walls: 6 kips per linear maximum (assumed) Slabs: 150 pounds per square foot maximum (assumed) Anticipated conceptual loads were confirmed with the structural engineer. Grading/Slopes Up to 5 feet of cut will be required to develop final grade for the basement. Grading plans indicate final slope angles of as steep as 3(H): 1(V) are planned. Below-grade Areas A small section of the addition will have a basement at the southwest side. Pavements Determine appropriate roadway surfacing design sections for the fire access road GEOTECHNICAL CHARACTERIZATION Subsurface Profile We have developed a general characterization of the subsurface soil, bedrock and groundwater conditions based upon our review of the data and our understanding of the geologic setting. The following page provides a graphical representation of characterization. A statistical summary of field and laboratory data is also included. The geotechnical characterization as illustrated below forms the basis of our geotechnical calculations and evaluation of site preparation, foundation options and pavement options. As noted in General Comments, the characterization is based upon widely spaced exploration points across the site, and variations are likely. Subsurface conditions at the boring locations can be generalized as follows: Stratum Approximate Depth to Bottom of Stratum (feet) Material Description Consistency/Density/ Hardness Surface 0 to 0.5 Topsoil: brown, friable and contained significant organic matter N/A 1 About 9 to 19 Lean clay with varying amounts of sand and silt Soft to very stiff 2 About 10.5 1 to 22 Weathered claystone Firm Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 4 Stratum Approximate Depth to Bottom of Stratum (feet) Material Description Consistency/Density/ Hardness 3 Undetermined: Borings terminated within this stratum at the planned depths of approximately 30½ to 35½ feet Claystone bedrock Hard to very hard 1. The planned terminated depths of Borings B1 and B2 within the fire access road were 10½ feet. Conditions encountered at each boring location are indicated on the individual boring logs shown in the Exploration Results section and are attached to this report. Stratification boundaries on the boring logs represent the approximate location of changes in native soil types; in situ, the transition between materials may be gradual. Groundwater Conditions The boreholes were observed while drilling and after completion for the presence and level of groundwater. In addition, delayed water levels were also obtained in some borings. The water levels observed in the boreholes can be found on the boring logs in Exploration Results, and are summarized below. Boring Number Approximate Depth to Groundwater while Drilling (feet) 1 Approximate Depth to Groundwater after Drilling (feet) 1 B1 5 5 B2 Not encountered Not encountered B3 Not encountered Not encountered B4 Not encountered Not encountered B5 Not encountered Not encountered 1. Below ground surface Groundwater was not observed in the remaining borings while drilling, or for the short duration the borings could remain open. Groundwater level fluctuations occur due to seasonal variations in the amount of rainfall, runoff and other factors not evident at the time the borings were performed. Therefore, groundwater levels during construction or at other times in the life of the structure may be higher or lower than the levels indicated on the boring logs. The possibility of groundwater level fluctuations should be considered when developing the design and construction plans for the project. Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 5 GEOTECHNICAL OVERVIEW The near surface, stiff to hard lean clay could become unstable with typical earthwork and construction traffic, especially after precipitation events. The effective drainage should be completed early in the construction sequence and maintained after construction to avoid potential issues. If possible, the grading should be performed during the warmer and drier time of the year. If grading is performed during the winter months, an increased risk for possible undercutting and replacement of unstable subgrade will persist. Additional site preparation recommendations including subgrade improvement and fill placement are provided in the Site Preparation section. Based on the foundation system of the existing building, proposed construction of the addition, and the subsurface conditions encountered, we recommend the proposed addition be supported by a drilled pier foundation bottomed in bedrock. Additional loads if placed on the existing foundation should be evaluated by the structural engineer to determine if they meet or exceed design criteria of the foundation. Grading plans indicate comparatively deep fills up to about 14 feet in total thickness are planned below the proposed floor slab for the southern portion of the building addition. We believe there is a significant risk for floor slab settlement due to settlement of the fill materials. Even properly compacted fill settles. Our experience suggests properly compacted fill could settle about ½ to 1 percent of the total fill thickness which corresponds to up to about 2 inches. The amount and rate of settlement will be increased if water is introduced into the fill. It is noted that settlement of the fill material due to self-weight is in addition to settlements due to floor slab and/or structural induced loads. The lowest risk alternative is to utilize a structurally supported floor system for the proposed addition. However, if a slab-on-grade floor system is desired, we recommend utilizing imported granular fill as the backfill below the proposed floor and increasing the compactive effort to achieve at least 99 percent of the maximum dry unit weight as determined by ASTM D 698. Use of a light-weight controlled low strength material (CLSM) such as cellular concrete (a.k.a. flashfill) or other similar backfill can also be considered to reduce risk for settlement. Expansive soils and/or bedrock will be present beneath slabs-on-grade at the basement elevation on this site. This report provides recommendations to help mitigate the effects of soil shrinkage and expansion on these slabs-on grade. However, even if these procedures are followed, some movement and (at least minor) cracking in the structure should be anticipated. The severity of cracking and other damage such as uneven floor slabs will probably increase if modification of the site results in excessive wetting or drying of the expansive soils. Eliminating the risk of movement and distress may not be feasible, but it may be possible to further reduce the risk of movement if certain measures discussed in this report are used during construction. The Floor Slabs section addresses slab-on-grade support of the building. Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 6 Gravel-surfacing, asphalt, and rigid pavement systems are recommended alternatives for the fire access lane. The Pavements section addresses the design of pavement systems. The General Comments section provides an understanding of the report limitations. EARTHWORK Earthwork will include clearing and grubbing, excavations and fill placement. The following sections provide recommendations for use in the preparation of specifications for the work. Recommendations include critical quality criteria as necessary to render the site in the state considered in our geotechnical engineering evaluation for foundations, floor systems, and pavements. Site Preparation Prior to placing fill, existing vegetation and topsoil should be removed from the proposed construction areas. After the removal of topsoil, the top 10 inches of the ground surface should be scarified, moisture conditioned and compacted to at least 95 percent of the maximum dry unit weight as determined by ASTM D698. The fire access road subgrade should be proof-rolled with an adequately loaded vehicle such as a fully loaded tandem axle dump truck. The proof-rolling should be performed under the direction of the Geotechnical Engineer. Areas excessively deflecting under the proof-roll should be delineated and subsequently addressed by the Geotechnical Engineer. Excessively wet or dry material should either be removed or moisture conditioned and recompacted. Fill Material Types Fill required to achieve design grade should be classified as structural fill and general fill. Structural fill is material used below pavements or constructed slopes. General fill is material used to achieve grade outside of these areas. Earthen materials used for structural and general fill should meet the following material property requirements: Soil Type 1 USCS Classification Acceptable Locations for Placement On-site Clay Soils CL The on-site clay soils can be reused as compacted fill for all fills placed on-site. However, if a slab-on- grade floor system is selected for the addition, we recommend placing granular fill below this area of the building to reduce risk for potential settlement. Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 7 Soil Type 1 USCS Classification Acceptable Locations for Placement High Plasticity Cohesive 2 Weathered Claystone, Claystone The on-site weathered claystone and claystone can be reused as compacted fill outside of the building area provided the materials are broken down to a soil-like consistency and properly moisture conditioned prior to placement. Imported Soils Varies Imported granular soils meeting the gradation requirements presented herein can be considered acceptable for use as engineered fill beneath foundations, slabs, and pavements. 1. Structural and general fill should consist of approved materials free of organic matter and debris. Frozen material should not be used, and fill should not be placed on a frozen subgrade. A sample of each material type should be submitted to the Geotechnical Engineer for evaluation prior to use on this site. Imported soils should conform to the following: Gradation Percent finer by weight (ASTM C136) 3” 100 No. 4 Sieve 50-100 No. 200 Sieve 35 (max.) ■ Liquid Limit…………………………………………………....35 (max.) ■ Plastic Index…………………………………………………..20 (max.) ■ Maximum Expansive Potential (%)………………………...1.0* *Measured on a sample compacted to approximately 95 percent of the ASTM D698 maximum dry density at optimum water content. The sample is confined under a 150 psf surcharge and submerged. Fill Compaction Requirements Structural and general fill should meet the following compaction requirements. Item Structural Fill Maximum individual lift thickness 8 inches or less in loose thickness when heavy, self-propelled compaction equipment is used 4 to 6 inches in loose thickness when hand-guided equipment (i.e. jumping jack, plate compactor) is used Minimum compaction requirements 1 95% of the material’s maximum dry density (ASTM D698) for total fill thicknesses of 8 feet or less 99% of the material’s maximum dry density (ASTM D698) for total fill thicknesses greater than 8 feet and for the fill placed below a floor slab (if selected for the addition floor system) Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 8 Item Structural Fill Water content range 2 Within 3 percent of optimum water content (imported cohesionless and cohesive granular soils) 1 percent below to 3 percent above optimum water content (cohesive non- granular soils) 1. We recommend that engineered fill be tested for water content and compaction during placement. Should the results of the in-place density tests indicate the specified water or compaction limits have not been met, the area represented by the test should be reworked and retested as required until the specified water and compaction requirements are achieved. 2. Specifically, water levels should be maintained low enough to allow for satisfactory compaction to be achieved without the compacted fill material pumping when proof-rolled. Utility Trench Backfill For low permeability subgrades like clay, utility trenches are a common source of water infiltration and migration. Utility trenches penetrating beneath the existing building and proposed addition should be effectively sealed to restrict water intrusion and flow through the trenches, which could migrate below the building. The trench should provide an effective trench plug that extends at least 5 feet from the face of the building exterior. The plug material should consist of cementitious flowable fill or low permeability clay. The trench plug material should be placed to surround the utility line. If used, the clay trench plug material should be placed and compacted to comply with the water content and compaction recommendations for structural fill stated previously in this report. Grading and Drainage All grades must provide effective drainage away from the existing building and proposed addition during and after construction and should be maintained throughout the life of the structure. Water retained next to the building can result in soil movements greater than those discussed in this report. Greater movements can result in unacceptable differential floor slab and/or foundation movements, cracked slabs and walls, and roof leaks. The roof should have gutters/drains with downspouts that discharge onto splash blocks at a distance of at least 10 feet from the building. Exposed ground should be sloped and maintained at a minimum 5 percent away from the building for at least 10 feet beyond the perimeter of the building. Locally, flatter grades may be necessary to transition ADA access requirements for flatwork. After building construction and landscaping, final grades should be verified to document effective drainage has been achieved. Grades around the structure should also be periodically inspected and adjusted as necessary as part of the structure’s maintenance program. Where paving or flatwork abuts the structure a maintenance program should be established to effectively seal and maintain joints and prevent surface water infiltration. Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 9 Earthwork Construction Considerations Shallow excavations, for the proposed structure, are anticipated to be accomplished with conventional construction equipment. Upon completion of filling and grading, care should be taken to maintain the subgrade water content prior to construction of floor slabs. Construction traffic over the completed subgrades should be avoided. The site should also be graded to prevent ponding of surface water on the prepared subgrades or in excavations. Water collecting over, or adjacent to, construction areas should be removed. If the subgrade freezes, desiccates, saturates, or is disturbed, the affected material should be removed, or the materials should be scarified, moisture conditioned, and recompacted, prior to floor slab construction. As a minimum, excavations should be performed in accordance with OSHA 29 CFR, Part 1926, Subpart P, “Excavations” and its appendices, and in accordance with any applicable local, and/or state regulations. Construction site safety is the sole responsibility of the contractor who controls the means, methods, and sequencing of construction operations. Under no circumstances shall the information provided herein be interpreted to mean Terracon is assuming responsibility for construction site safety, or the contractor's activities; such responsibility shall neither be implied nor inferred. Construction Observation and Testing The earthwork efforts should be monitored under the direction of the Geotechnical Engineer. Monitoring should include documentation of adequate removal of vegetation and top soil, proof- rolling and mitigation of areas delineated by the proof-roll to require mitigation. Each lift of compacted fill should be tested, evaluated, and reworked as necessary until approved by the Geotechnical Engineer prior to placement of additional lifts. Each lift of fill should be tested for density and water content at a frequency of at least one test for every 2,500 square feet of compacted fill in the building areas and 5,000 square feet in pavement areas. One density and water content test for every 50 linear feet of compacted utility trench backfill. In areas of foundation excavations, the bearing subgrade should be evaluated under the direction of the Geotechnical Engineer. In the event unanticipated conditions are encountered, the Geotechnical Engineer should prescribe mitigation options. In addition to the documentation of the essential parameters necessary for construction, the continuation of the Geotechnical Engineer into the construction phase of the project provides the continuity to maintain the Geotechnical Engineer’s evaluation of subsurface conditions, including assessing variations and associated design changes. Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 10 DEEP FOUNDATIONS Based on design recommendations from previous reports, the existing church building is assumed to be supported by a drilled pier foundation system. We recommend a similar deep foundation system bottomed in bedrock to support the addition to reduce risk for different movements between the existing building and the addition. Drilled Pier Design Parameters Drilled piers are considered suitable for support of the proposed addition. Design parameters based on the subsurface information from Borings B3 to B5 are provided below in the Drilled Shaft Design Summary table for the design of drilled shaft foundations. Description Straight Shaft Piers Minimum pier diameter 18 inches Pier concrete slump (uncased piers) 5 to 7 inches Pier concrete slump (cased piers) 7 to 9 inches Approximate total movement 1 1 inch 1. The foundation movement will depend upon the variations within the subsurface soil profile, the structural loading conditions, the quality of the earthwork operations, and maintaining uniform soil water content throughout the life of the structure. The estimated movements are based on maintaining uniform soil water content during the life of the structure. Additional foundation movements could occur if water from any source infiltrates the foundation soils; therefore, proper drainage and irrigation practices should be incorporated into the design and operation of the facility. Failure to maintain soil water content and positive drainage will nullify the movement estimates provided above. A summary of the drilled pier foundation design recommendations is shown on the following pages. The maximum allowable end bearing pressures given in the table is based on the cross- sectional area of the tip of the drilled shaft. Skin friction (Sd) should be applied to the surface area of the drilled shaft for that given length interval below a depth of 30 inches. The combination of skin friction and end bearing pressure can be used to determine the vertical compression capacity. The skin friction value should be used to determine the uplift capacity of the soil. For lateral load and overturning design, we have included beam on elastic foundation spring constants, lateral equivalent earth pressures, and more commonly used LPILE parameters. For calculation of lateral deflection using the beam on elastic foundation method, a coefficient of subgrade reaction listed on the following table may be used for the analysis. Lateral load design parameters are valid for maximum soil strain of 1 percent for the native soils acting over a distance of one shaft diameter. All shafts should be reinforced full-depth for the applied axial, lateral and uplift stresses imposed. Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 11 Description Material type Clay (3 feet and below) Weathered Claystone Claystone Allowable Vertical Parameters: -- -- 25,000 psf End Bearing Skin Friction -- 1,000 psf/ft 2,000 psf/ft Lateral Parameters Beam on Elastic Foundation: 1 Passive, EFP,psf/ft 280 280 600 Soil Code Stiff clay Stiff clay Very stiff clay Unit Weight (pcf) 120 120 130 Cohesion (psf) 900 1,500 3,000 Angle of internal Friction, f (degrees) 0 0 0 Horizontal Modulus of Subgrade Reaction: k (static) pci k (cyclic) pci 500 200 500 200 2,000 800 Strain at 50% of Maximum Stress, e50 0.010 0.005 0.004 1. Ultimate value, a factor of safety of 3 should be applied for design. A reduction factor of 0.75 should be applied to the allowable skin friction values when used for calculating uplift capacities. We recommend neglecting skin friction and lateral resistance for the upper 30 inches of drilled piers because of the effects of frost penetration. The capacity of individual piers must be reduced when considering the effects of group action. Piers should be considered to work in group action if the horizontal center-to-center spacing is less than 3 pier diameters. A capacity reduction factor Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 12 of 0.85 should be applied to piers spaced between 2½ to 3 horizontal center-to-center pier diameters. We recommend horizontal center-to-center spacing of piers no closer than 2½ pier diameters. Drilled Shaft Construction Considerations Drilling to design depths should be possible with single-flight power augers. Concrete should be placed as soon as possible after the foundation excavation is completed, to reduce potential disturbance of the bearing surface. If concrete cannot be placed in dry conditions, a tremie or casing should be used for concrete placement. If casing is used for pier construction, it should be withdrawn in a slow, continuous manner maintaining a sufficient head of concrete to prevent infiltration of water or the creation of voids in pier concrete. Pier concrete should have a relatively high fluidity when placed in cased pier holes or through a tremie. Concrete for "dry" drilled shaft construction should have a slump of about 5 to 7 inches. Concrete should be directed into the shaft utilizing a centering chute. Concrete for "wet" shaft construction would require higher slump concrete. Tensile reinforcement should extend to the bottom of shafts subjected to uplift loading. Buoyant unit weights of the soil and concrete should be used in the calculations below the highest anticipated groundwater elevation. The drilled shaft installation process should be performed under the direction of the Geotechnical Engineer. The Geotechnical Engineer should document the shaft installation process including soil/rock and groundwater conditions encountered, consistency with expected conditions, and details of the installed shaft. SEISMIC CONSIDERATIONS The seismic design requirements for buildings and other structures are based on Seismic Design Category. Site Classification is required to determine the Seismic Design Category for a structure. The Site Classification is based on the upper 100 feet of the site profile defined by a weighted average value of either shear wave velocity, standard penetration resistance, or undrained shear strength in accordance with Section 20.4 of ASCE 7-10. Description Value Table 20.3-1 of ASCE 7-10 1 C 2 Site Latitude 40.5101 Site Longitude -105.0565 SDS Spectral Acceleration for a Short Period 3 0.195g SD1 Spectral Acceleration for a 1-Second Period 3 0.093g Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 13 Description Value 1. Seismic site classification in general accordance with the Table 20.3-1 of ASCE 7-10. 2. The 2015 International Building Code (IBC) uses a site profile extending to a depth of 100 feet for seismic site classification. Borings at this site were extended to a maximum depth of 35½ feet. The site properties below the boring depth to 100 feet were estimated based on our experience and knowledge of geologic conditions of the general area. Additional deeper borings or geophysical testing may be performed to confirm the conditions below the current boring depth. 3. These values were obtained using online seismic design maps and tools provided by the USGS (http://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/designmaps/). FLOOR SYSTEMS Grading plans indicate comparatively deep fills up to about 14 feet in total thickness are planned below the proposed floor slab for the southern portion of the building addition. We believe there is a significant risk for floor slab settlement due to settlement of the fill materials. Even properly compacted fill settles. Our experience suggests properly compacted fill could settle about ½ to 1 percent of the total fill thickness which corresponds to up to about 2 inches. The amount and rate of settlement will be increased if water is introduced into the fill. It is noted that settlement of the fill material due to self-weight is in addition to settlements due to floor slab and/or structural induced loads. The lowest risk alternative is to utilize a structurally supported floor system for the proposed addition. However, if a slab-on-grade floor system is desired, we recommend utilizing imported granular fill as the backfill below the proposed floor and increasing the compactive effort to achieve at least 99 percent of the maximum dry unit weight as determined by ASTM D 698. Use of a light-weight controlled low strength material (CLSM) such as cellular concrete (a.k.a. flashfill) or other similar backfill can also be considered to reduce risk for settlement. Structurally Supported Floor/Crawl Space Building codes should be followed for clear space requirements below structurally supported floors with crawl space areas and will depend, in part, upon the type of materials used to construct the floor as well as the volumetric expansion potential of the underlying soil/bedrock. Clear spaces for these types of floors normally range from about 18 to 24 inches. Where other structural floor support systems and materials are used, we recommend a minimum clear space/void of 10 inches be maintained between the underside of the structural floor system and the surface of the subgrade/exposed earth. It is prudent to maintain the minimum clear space below all plumbing lines and other conduits. This can be accomplished by hanging plumbing/conduits on the underside of the structural floor or by trenching below lines. Irrigation and surface water can penetrate backfill adjacent to the building addition and collect at the bottom of crawl space excavations resulting in a perched groundwater condition. Experience Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 14 indicates over a period of time, moist conditions, soft soils and possibly standing water can develop in crawl space areas, particularly if proper surface drainage away from the foundation is not provided and maintained or if over-watering of lawns and other landscape plantings adjacent to the foundation occurs. As a precautionary measure, we recommend the provision of a drain where a suspended structural floor with a crawl space area is used. At a minimum, the drain trench and pipe should be constructed around the interior perimeter of the building addition foundation, and should be sloped at a minimum ½ percent to a suitable outlet, such as a sump and pump system or to a positive gravity outfall. The drainage system should consist of a minimum 4-inch diameter rigid perforated pipe, embedded in free-draining gravel, placed in a trench at least 12-inches in width. The invert of the drain pipe should be at least 4 inches below the bottom of the grade beam void or the crawl space subgrade at the highest point. The pipe should be encased with washed gravel and the gravel should extend laterally to the grade beam void and at least ½ the height of the void. The gravel should be covered with drainage fabric to reduce infiltration of fines into and clogging of the gravel media and pipe. The drain layout could be located exterior to the foundation walls; however, an interior location is preferred. If an exterior drain is desired, we should be contacted to discuss possible implications and to provide supplemental recommendations. Crawl space areas (if used) should be well ventilated for indoor air quality to help manage humidity and to facilitate moisture release. This will likely require active ventilation using fans or other appropriate methods. A mechanical engineer experienced in these issues should be consulted to evaluate and properly design a ventilation system. To help promote drainage towards the perimeter of the structure, the crawl space subgrade should be excavated to a minimum 1 percent slope from the high point at the center of crawl space areas to the perimeter of the building addition foundation. To further manage humidity, we believe best current practices involve placing a vapor retarder (10 mil polyethylene membrane material, or equivalent) on the exposed soil in the crawl space. The vapor retarder should be sealed at joints and attached to concrete foundation walls and other elements. Slabs-on-grade The partial basement will likely have a slab-on-grade floor system. The subgrade soils are comprised of clays exhibiting the potential to swell with increased water content. Construction of the slab-on- grade and revising site drainage creates the potential for gradual increased water contents within the clays. Increases in water content will cause the clays to swell and damage the floor slab. To reduce the swell potential to less than about 1 inch, we recommend over-excavating the soils below the basement floor slab to a depth of at least 12 inches and preplacing the soils with moisture conditioned, properly compacted imported granular fill. Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 15 Design parameters for floor slabs assume the requirements for Earthwork have been followed. Specific attention should be given to positive drainage away from the structure and positive drainage of the granular fill placed beneath the floor slab. Floor Slab Design Parameters Item Description Floor Slab Support 1 At least 12 inches of over-excavation backfill consisting of imported granular fill. Estimated Modulus of Subgrade Reaction 2 100 pounds per square inch per inch (psi/in) for point loads 1. Floor slabs should be structurally independent of building footings or walls to reduce the possibility of floor slab cracking caused by differential movements between the slab and foundation. 2. Modulus of subgrade reaction is an estimated value based upon our experience with the subgrade condition, the requirements noted in Earthwork, and the floor slab support as noted in this table. It is provided for point loads. For large area loads, the modulus of subgrade reaction would be lower. The use of a vapor retarder should be considered beneath concrete slabs on grade covered with wood, tile, carpet, or other moisture sensitive or impervious coverings, or when the slab will support equipment sensitive to moisture. When conditions warrant the use of a vapor retarder, the slab designer should refer to ACI 302 and/or ACI 360 for procedures and cautions regarding the use and placement of a vapor retarder. Saw-cut control joints should be placed in the slab to help control the location and extent of cracking. For additional recommendations refer to the ACI Design Manual. Joints or cracks should be sealed with a water-proof, non-extruding compressible compound specifically recommended for heavy duty concrete pavement and wet environments. Where floor slabs are tied to perimeter walls or turn-down slabs to meet structural or other construction objectives, our experience indicates differential movement between the walls and slabs will likely be observed in adjacent slab expansion joints or floor slab cracks beyond the length of the structural dowels. The Structural Engineer should account for potential differential settlement through use of sufficient control joints, appropriate reinforcing or other means. Floor Slab Construction Considerations Movements of slabs-on-grade using the recommendations discussed in previous sections of this report will likely be reduced and tend to be more uniform. The estimates discussed above assume that the other recommendations in this report are followed. Additional movement could occur should the subsurface soils become wetted to significant depths, which could result in potential excessive movement causing uneven floor slabs and severe cracking. This could be due to over Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 16 watering of landscaping, poor drainage, improperly functioning drain systems, and/or broken utility lines. Therefore, it is imperative that the recommendations presented in this report be followed. The Geotechnical Engineer should approve the condition of the floor slab subgrades immediately prior to placement of the floor slab support course, reinforcing steel and concrete. Attention should be paid to high traffic areas that were rutted and disturbed earlier, and to areas where backfilled trenches are located. LATERAL EARTH PRESSURES Design Parameters Structures with unbalanced backfill levels on opposite sides should be designed for earth pressures at least equal to values indicated in the following table. Earth pressures will be influenced by structural design of the walls, conditions of wall restraint, methods of construction and/or compaction and the strength of the materials being restrained. Two wall restraint conditions are shown. Active earth pressure is commonly used for design of free-standing cantilever retaining walls and assumes wall movement. The "at-rest" condition assumes no wall movement and is commonly used for basement walls, loading dock walls, or other walls restrained at the top. The recommended design lateral earth pressures do not include a factor of safety and do not provide for possible hydrostatic pressure on the walls (unless stated). Lateral Earth Pressure Design Parameters Earth Pressure Condition 1 Coefficient for Backfill Type 2 Surcharge Pressure 3, 4, 5 p1 (psf) Effective Fluid Pressures (psf) 2, 4, 5 Unsaturated 6 Active (Ka) Granular - 0.31 Fine Grained - 0.41 (0.31)S (0.41)S (40)H (50)H At-Rest (Ko) Granular - 0.47 Fine Grained - 0.58 0.47)S (0.58)S (55)H (70)H Passive (Kp) Granular - 3.25 Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 17 Lateral Earth Pressure Design Parameters Earth Pressure Condition 1 Coefficient for Backfill Type 2 Surcharge Pressure 3, 4, 5 p1 (psf) Effective Fluid Pressures (psf) 2, 4, 5 Unsaturated 6 1. For active earth pressure, wall must rotate about base, with top lateral movements 0.002 H to 0.004 H, where H is wall height. For passive earth pressure, wall must move horizontally to mobilize resistance. 2. Uniform, horizontal backfill, compacted to at least 95 percent of the ASTM D 698 maximum dry density, rendering a maximum unit weight of 120 pcf. 3. Uniform surcharge, where S is surcharge pressure. 4. Loading from heavy compaction equipment is not included. 5. No safety factor is included in these values. Backfill placed against structures should consist of granular soils or low plasticity cohesive soils. For the granular values to be valid, the granular backfill must extend out and up from the base of the wall at an angle of at least 45 and 60 degrees from vertical for the active and passive cases, respectively. Subsurface Drainage for Below Grade Walls A perforated rigid plastic drain line installed behind the base of walls and extends below adjacent grade is recommended to prevent hydrostatic loading on the walls. The invert of a drain line around a below-grade building area or exterior retaining wall should be placed near foundation bearing level. The drain line should be sloped to provide positive gravity drainage to daylight or to a sump pit and pump. The drain line should be surrounded by clean, free-draining granular material having less than 5 percent passing the No. 200 sieve. The free-draining aggregate should be encapsulated in a filter fabric. The granular fill should extend to within 2 feet of final grade, where it should be capped with compacted cohesive fill to reduce infiltration of surface water into the drain system. As an alternative to free-draining granular fill, a pre-fabricated drainage structure may be used. A pre-fabricated drainage structure is a plastic drainage core or mesh which is covered with filter fabric to prevent soil intrusion, and is fastened to the wall prior to placing backfill. PAVEMENTS General Pavement Comments Pavement designs are provided for the traffic conditions and pavement life conditions as noted in Project Description and in the following sections of this report. A critical aspect of pavement Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 18 performance is site preparation. Pavement designs, noted in this section, must be applied to the site, which has been prepared as recommended in the Site Preparation section. Preliminary Pavement Design Parameters Design of Asphaltic Concrete (AC) pavements are based on the procedures outlined in the National Asphalt Pavement Association (NAPA) Information Series 109 (IS-109). Design of Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) pavements are based upon American Concrete Institute (ACI) 330R-01; Guide for Design and Construction of Concrete Parking Lots. Pavement thickness design has been based assumed ESALs of 110,000 for the proposed Light Duty and Heavy Duty pavement areas, respectively, over a 20-year design life. We have based our preliminary pavement thickness design on the NAPA design traffic classes presented below: ■ Traffic Class III – Up to 10 single-unit or 3-axle semi-trailer trucks per day or equivalents: average gross vehicle weight should be less than the legal limit. Considered for ESAL’s up to 110,000. Traffic classifications and/or design ESAL’s should be reviewed and approved by the owner prior to commencement of pavement operations. In addition to the flexible pavement design analyses, a rigid pavement design analysis was completed, based upon American Concrete Institute (ACI) 330R-01; Guide for Design and Construction of Concrete Parking Lots. Based on an R-Value of 9 from our experience on the previous project, a modulus of rupture of 13,500 psi was used for pavement concrete. Preliminary Pavement Section Thicknesses The following table provides options for Asphaltic Concrete, Portland Concrete Cement, and Gravel Surfaced Sections for the fire access road: Traffic Classification Alternative Asphaltic Cement Concrete (in.) Portland Cement Concrete (in.) Gravel Surface (in.) Aggregate Base Course (in.) Fire Access Road A 6 --- --- 4 B --- 6 --- --- C --- --- 18 --- Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 19 Pavement Construction Considerations Asphalt concrete should be composed of a mixture of aggregate, filler and additives, if required, and approved bituminous material. The asphalt concrete should conform to approved mix designs stating the Hveem properties, optimum asphalt content, job mix formula and recommended mixing and placing temperatures and designed to a minimum 50 gyrations as determined by CDOT Superpave. Aggregate used in plant-mixed asphalt concrete should meet Colorado Department of Transportation Grading S or SX specifications. Mix designs should be submitted prior to construction to verify their adequacy. Asphalt material should be placed in maximum 3-inch lifts and should be compacted to a minimum of 92 to 96 percent of the maximum theoretical density as determined by CP 51. Where rigid pavements are used, the concrete should be based on an approved CDOT mix design. Sealing of construction joints is essential to protect the subgrade and promote long term performance of concrete pavement. Joints should be sealed with a sealant designed especially for pavements subject to truck and car traffic. The joints should be sealed as soon as possible (in accordance with sealant manufacturer’s instructions) to minimize infiltration of water into the soil. The performance of all pavements can be enhanced by reducing excess water, which can reach the subgrade soils. The following recommendations should be considered at minimum: n Site grading at a minimum 2 percent grade away from the pavements; n Compaction of any utility trenches for landscaped areas to the same criteria as the pavement subgrade; n Snow management plans should be developed designating areas outside pavement and planter areas for stockpiling of snow; n Sealing or providing area drains and curb cuts in all landscaped areas in, or adjacent to pavements to reduce or prevent water migration to subgrade soils; n Installation of edge drains around areas of landscaping n Placing compacted backfill against the exterior side of curb and gutter; and, n Placing curb, gutter and/or sidewalk directly on subgrade soils without the use of base course materials. Preventative maintenance should be planned and provided for through an on-going pavement management program in order to enhance future pavement performance. Preventative maintenance activities are intended to slow the rate of pavement deterioration. Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 20 Preventive maintenance consists of both localized maintenance (e.g. crack sealing and patching) and global maintenance (e.g. surface sealing). Preventative maintenance is usually the first priority when implementing a planned pavement maintenance program. Recommended preventative maintenance policies for asphalt concrete pavements, based upon type and severity of distress, can be provided. Prior to implementing any maintenance additional engineering observation is recommended to determine the type and extent of preventative maintenance. Pavement Maintenance The pavement sections represent minimum recommended thicknesses and, as such, periodic maintenance should be anticipated. Therefore, preventive maintenance should be planned and provided for through an on-going pavement management program. Maintenance activities are intended to slow the rate of pavement deterioration and to preserve the pavement investment. Maintenance consists of both localized maintenance (e.g. crack and joint sealing and patching) and global maintenance (e.g. surface sealing). Preventive maintenance is usually the priority when implementing a pavement maintenance program. Additional engineering observation is recommended to determine the type and extent of a cost-effective program. Even with periodic maintenance, some movements and related cracking may still occur and repairs may be required. Pavement performance is affected by its surroundings. In addition to providing preventive maintenance, the civil engineer should consider the following recommendations in the design and layout of pavements: ■ Final grade adjacent to paved areas should slope down from the edges at a minimum 2% ■ Subgrade and pavement surfaces should have a minimum 2% slope to promote proper surface drainage ■ Install below pavement drainage systems surrounding areas anticipated for frequent wetting ■ Install joint sealant and seal cracks immediately ■ Seal all landscaped areas in or adjacent to pavements to reduce moisture migration to subgrade soils ■ Place compacted, low permeability backfill against the exterior side of curb and gutter; and ■ Place curb, gutter and/or sidewalk directly on clay subgrade soils rather than on unbound granular base course materials Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 21 CORROSIVITY Results of water-soluble sulfate testing indicate that ASTM Type I or II portland cement should be specified for all project concrete on and below grade. Foundation concrete should be designed for low sulfate exposure in accordance with the provisions of the ACI Design Manual, Section 318, Chapter 4. GENERAL COMMENTS Our services are conducted with the understanding of the project as described in the proposal, and will incorporate collaboration with the design team as we complete our services to verify assumptions. Revision of our understanding to reflect actual conditions important to our services will be based on these verifications and will be reflected in the final report. The design team should collaborate with Terracon to confirm these assumptions and to prepare the final design plans and specifications. This facilitates the incorporation of our opinions related to implementation of our geotechnical recommendations. Any information conveyed prior to the final report is for informational purposes only and should not be considered or used for decision-making purposes. Our analysis and opinions are based upon our understanding of the geotechnical conditions in the area, the data obtained from our site exploration and from our understanding of the project. Variations will occur between exploration point locations, across the site, or due to the modifying effects of construction or weather. The nature and extent of such variations may not become evident until during or after construction. Terracon should be retained as the Geotechnical Engineer, where noted in the final report, to provide observation and testing services during grading, excavation, foundation construction and other earth-related construction phases of the project. If variations appear, we can provide further evaluation and supplemental recommendations. If variations are noted in the absence of our observation and testing services on-site, we should be immediately notified so that we can provide evaluation and supplemental recommendations. Our scope of services does not include either specifically or by implication any environmental or biological (e.g., mold, fungi, bacteria) assessment of the site or identification or prevention of pollutants, hazardous materials or conditions. If the owner is concerned about the potential for such contamination or pollution, other studies should be undertaken. Our services and any correspondence are intended for the sole benefit and exclusive use of our client for specific application to the project discussed and are accomplished in accordance with generally accepted geotechnical engineering practices with no third party beneficiaries intended. Any third party access to services or correspondence is solely for information purposes only. Reliance upon the services and any work product is limited to our client, and is not intended for third parties. Any use or reliance of the provided information by third parties is done solely at their own risk. No warranties, either express or implied, are intended or made. Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable 22 Site characteristics as provided are for design purposes and not to estimate excavation cost. Any use of our report in that regard is done at the sole risk of the excavating cost estimator as there may be variations on the site that are not apparent in the data that could significantly impact excavation cost. Any parties charged with estimating excavation costs should seek their own site characterization for specific purposes to obtain the specific level of detail necessary for costing. Site safety, and cost estimating including, excavation support, and dewatering requirements/design are the responsibility of others. If changes in the nature, design, or location of the project are planned, our conclusions and recommendations shall not be considered valid unless we review the changes and either verify or modify our conclusions in writing. ATTACH MENTS ATTACHMENTS Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable EXPLORATION AND TESTING PROCEDURES Field Exploration Number of Borings Boring Depth (feet) Planned Location 2 10½ Fire Access Road 3 34¾ to 35½ Building Addition Areas Boring Layout and Elevations: We use handheld GPS equipment to locate borings with an estimated horizontal accuracy of +/-20 feet. Field measurements from existing site features may be utilized. If available, approximate elevations are obtained by interpolation from a site specific, surveyed topographic map. It should be noted that original locations of Borings B4 to B5 were moved up to about 50 feet to the south due to site access with conventional truck-mounted drill rig equipment and avoid drilling on the slope. Subsurface Exploration Procedures: We advance the borings with a truck-mounted drill rig using continuous flight augers (solid stem and/or hollow stem as necessary depending on soil conditions). Three samples are obtained in the upper 10 feet of each boring and at intervals of 5 feet thereafter. In the split-barrel sampling procedure, a standard 2-inch outer diameter split-barrel sampling spoon is driven into the ground by a 140-pound automatic hammer falling a distance of 30 inches. The number of blows required to advance the sampling spoon the last 12 inches of a normal 18-inch penetration is recorded as the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) resistance value. The SPT resistance values, also referred to as N-values, are indicated on the boring logs at the test depths. A 3-inch O.D. split-barrel sampling spoon with 2.5-inch I.D. ring lined sampler is used for sampling at various depths within the upper 14 feet. Ring-lined, split-barrel sampling procedures are similar to standard split spoon sampling procedure; however, blow counts are typically recorded for 6- inch intervals for a total of 12 inches of penetration. We observe and record groundwater levels during drilling and sampling. For safety purposes, all borings are backfilled with auger cuttings after their completion. Our exploration team prepares field boring logs as part of standard drilling operations including sampling depths, penetration distances, and other relevant sampling information. Field logs include visual classifications of materials encountered during drilling, and our interpretation of subsurface conditions between samples. Final boring logs, prepared from field logs, represent the geotechnical engineer's interpretation, and include modifications based on observations and laboratory tests. The sampling depths, penetration distances, and other sampling information are recorded on the field boring logs. The samples are placed in appropriate containers and taken to our soil laboratory for testing and classification by a geotechnical engineer. Our exploration team prepares field boring Geotechnical Engineering Report St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable logs as part of the drilling operations. These field logs include visual classifications of the materials encountered during drilling and our interpretation of the subsurface conditions between samples. Final boring logs are prepared from the field logs. The final boring logs represent the geotechnical engineer's interpretation of the field logs and include modifications based on observations and tests of the samples in our laboratory. Laboratory Testing The project engineer reviews the field data and assigns various laboratory tests to better understand the engineering properties of the various soil and rock strata as necessary for this project. Procedural standards noted in this report are for reference to methodology in general. In some cases, variations to methods are applied because of local practice or professional judgment. Testing was performed under the direction of a geotechnical engineer and included the following: n Visual classification n Atterberg limits n Grain-size distribution n Consolidation/swell n Water-soluble sulfate content n Dry density n Unconfined compression n Moisture content The laboratory testing program often includes examination of soil samples by an engineer. Based on the material’s texture and plasticity, we describe and classify the soil samples in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification System. If bedrock samples are obtained, rock classification is conducted using locally accepted practices for engineering purposes. Boring log rock classification is determined using the Description of Rock Properties. SITE LOCA TION AND EXPLORATION PLANS SITE LOCATION AND EXPLORATION PLANS SITE LOCATION St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, CO October 18, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 TOPOGRAPHIC MAP IMAGE COURTESY OF THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY QUADRANGLES INCLUDE: FORT COLLINS, CO (1984) and LOVELAND, CO (1984). DIAGRAM IS FOR GENERAL LOCATION ONLY, AND IS NOT INTENDED FOR CONSTRUCTION PURPOSES SITE EXPLORATION PLAN St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, CO October 18, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 DIAGRAM IS FOR GENERAL LOCATION ONLY, AND IS NOT INTENDED FOR CONSTRUCTION PURPOSES AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY PROVIDED BY MICROSOFT BING MAPS Southridge Green Boulevard South Lemay Avenue Original proposed boring locations were moved due to site access. Proposed Building Addition EXPLORATION RESULTS EXPLORATION RESULTS 15 66 23 18 106 30-15-15 4962 4952 4951.5 4-5 1-1-2 N=3 7-13-18 N=31 -0.04% @ 150 psf 0.3 10.0 10.5 TOPSOIL, lean clay with vegetation, about 4 inches thick SANDY LEAN CLAY (CL), trace silt, light brown, soft to medium stiff WEATHERED CLAYSTONE, brown gray with orange, medium hard Boring Terminated at 10.5 Feet GRAPHIC LOG Stratification lines are approximate. In-situ, the transition may be gradual. Hammer Type: Automatic THIS BORING LOG IS NOT VALID IF SEPARATED FROM ORIGINAL REPORT. GEO SMART LOG-NO WELL 20175063 ST. ELIZABETH ANN.GPJ TERRACON_DATATEMPLATE.GDT 10/10/17 UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (psf) PERCENT FINES WATER CONTENT (%) DRY UNIT WEIGHT (pcf) LL-PL-PI ATTERBERG LIMITS ELEVATION (Ft.) Surface Elev.: 4962.2 (Ft.) WATER LEVEL OBSERVATIONS DEPTH (Ft.) 5 10 SAMPLE TYPE FIELD TEST RESULTS SWELL (%) DEPTH LOCATION Latitude: 40.51069° Longitude: -105.05748° See Exploration Plan Page 1 of 1 Advancement Method: 4-inch solid stem auger Abandonment Method: Borings backfilled with soil cuttings upon completion. 1901 Sharp Point Dr Ste C 20 59 22 20 105 33-14-19 4953 4944 4942.5 5-5 2-3-3 N=6 3-5-8 N=13 0.3 9.0 10.5 TOPSOIL, lean clay with vegetation, about 4 inches thick SANDY LEAN CLAY (CL), trace silt, light brown, medium stiff WEATHERED CLAYSTONE, with silt, brown gray with orange, weathered Boring Terminated at 10.5 Feet GRAPHIC LOG Stratification lines are approximate. In-situ, the transition may be gradual. Hammer Type: Automatic THIS BORING LOG IS NOT VALID IF SEPARATED FROM ORIGINAL REPORT. GEO SMART LOG-NO WELL 20175063 ST. ELIZABETH ANN.GPJ TERRACON_DATATEMPLATE.GDT 10/10/17 UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (psf) PERCENT FINES WATER CONTENT (%) DRY UNIT WEIGHT (pcf) LL-PL-PI ATTERBERG LIMITS ELEVATION (Ft.) Surface Elev.: 4953.1 (Ft.) WATER LEVEL OBSERVATIONS DEPTH (Ft.) 5 10 SAMPLE TYPE FIELD TEST RESULTS SWELL (%) DEPTH LOCATION Latitude: 40.5102° Longitude: -105.05734° See Exploration Plan Page 1 of 1 Advancement Method: 4-inch solid stem auger Abandonment Method: Borings backfilled with soil cuttings upon completion. 1901 Sharp Point Dr Ste C Fort Collins, CO Notes: Project No.: 20175063 9180 70 19 20 18 18 17 15 22 104 106 108 35-15-20 43-18-25 4935.5 4929.5 4913 4-4 2-3-3 N=6 5-6 7-9-13 N=22 50/9" 14-23-29 N=52 16-23-33 N=56 20-21-24 N=45 -1.0% @ 1,000 psf 13.0 19.0 35.5 SANDY LEAN CLAY (CL), trace silt, light brown, medium stiff to stiff WEATHERED CLAYSTONE, with silt, brown gray with orange, firm SEDIMENTARY BEDROCK - CLAYSTONE, with silt, grayish-brown with orange, hard Boring Terminated at 35.5 Feet GRAPHIC LOG Stratification lines are approximate. In-situ, the transition may be gradual. Hammer Type: Automatic THIS BORING LOG IS NOT VALID IF SEPARATED FROM ORIGINAL REPORT. GEO SMART LOG-NO WELL 20175063 ST. ELIZABETH ANN.GPJ TERRACON_DATATEMPLATE.GDT 10/10/17 UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (psf) PERCENT FINES WATER CONTENT (%) DRY UNIT WEIGHT (pcf) LL-PL-PI ATTERBERG LIMITS ELEVATION (Ft.) Surface Elev.: 4948.6 (Ft.) WATER LEVEL 8 9 18 19 19 17 16 16 108 103 4947.5 4929 4926 4913.5 6-6-6 N=12 13-15 4-6-7 N=13 6-7 6-9-15 N=24 15-22-34 N=56 50/9" N=50/9" 50/9" N=50/9" +0.7% @ 1,000 psf 0.5 19.0 22.0 34.8 TOPSOIL, lean clay with vegetation, about 6 inches LEAN CLAY (CL), trace silt, light brown, stiff to very stiff WEATHERED CLAYSTONE, with silt, brown gray with orange, very stiff SEDIMENTARY BEDROCK - CLAYSTONE, with silt, grayish-brown with orange, hard to very hard Boring Terminated at 34.8 Feet GRAPHIC LOG Stratification lines are approximate. In-situ, the transition may be gradual. Hammer Type: Automatic THIS BORING LOG IS NOT VALID IF SEPARATED FROM ORIGINAL REPORT. GEO SMART LOG-NO WELL 20175063 ST. ELIZABETH ANN.GPJ TERRACON_DATATEMPLATE.GDT 10/10/17 UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (psf) PERCENT FINES WATER CONTENT (%) DRY UNIT WEIGHT (pcf) LL-PL-PI ATTERBERG LIMITS ELEVATION (Ft.) Surface Elev.: 4948.1 (Ft.) WATER LEVEL 19 21 17 18 17 16 17 109 113 52-19-33 4963 4949.5 4944.5 4933 1-1-2 N=3 1-2-2 N=4 4-7 9-11-15 N=26 50/5" 17-28-42 N=70 21-26-39 N=65 +4.2% @ 1,000 psf 0.5 14.0 19.0 30.5 TOPSOIL, lean clay with vegetation, about 6 inches LEAN CLAY (CL), trace silt, light brown, soft to stiff WEATHERED CLAYSTONE, with silt, brown gray with orange, firm to very hard SEDIMENTARY BEDROCK - CLAYSTONE, with sand, grayish-brown with orange, hard Boring Terminated at 30.5 Feet GRAPHIC LOG Stratification lines are approximate. In-situ, the transition may be gradual. Hammer Type: Automatic THIS BORING LOG IS NOT VALID IF SEPARATED FROM ORIGINAL REPORT. GEO SMART LOG-NO WELL 20175063 ST. ELIZABETH ANN.GPJ TERRACON_DATATEMPLATE.GDT 10/10/17 UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (psf) PERCENT FINES WATER CONTENT (%) DRY UNIT WEIGHT (pcf) LL-PL-PI ATTERBERG LIMITS ELEVATION (Ft.) Surface Elev.: 4963.7 (Ft.) WATER LEVEL OBSERVATIONS DEPTH (Ft.) 5 10 4,910 4,915 4,920 4,925 4,930 4,935 4,940 4,945 4,950 4,955 4,960 4,965 4,970 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 4,910 4,915 4,920 4,925 4,930 4,935 4,940 4,945 4,950 4,955 4,960 4,965 4,970 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Borehole Termination Type Borehole Lithology Explanation Distance Along Baseline - Feet Elevation - Feet NOTES: Topsoil Lean Clay Weathered Rock Sampling (See General Notes) See Exhibit Exploration Plan for orientation of soil profile. See General Notes in Appendix for symbols and soil classifications. Soils profile provided for illustration purposes only. Soils between borings may differ AR - Auger Refusal BT - Boring Termination SouthwestNortheast Water Level Reading after drilling. Water Level Reading at time of drilling. B4 Moisture %w Content LL PL AR BT Liquid and Plastic Limits Borehole Number 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 20 40 60 80 100 CL or OL CH or OH ML or OL MH or OH Boring ID Depth PL PI Description SANDY LEAN CLAY SANDY LEAN CLAY SANDY LEAN CLAY CLAYSTONE CLAYSTONE CL CL CL Fines P L A S T I C I T Y I N D E X LIQUID LIMIT "U" Line "A" Line 30 33 35 43 52 15 14 15 18 19 15 19 20 25 33 66 59 70 LL USCS B1 B2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 B1 B2 B3 30 33 35 0.078 19 19 19 6 16 20 30 40 50 1.5 6 200 810 0.1 0.0 0.0 14 66.1 59.0 70.0 %Fines LL PL PI 1 4 3/4 1/2 60 fine B1 B2 B3 GRAIN SIZE IN MILLIMETERS PERCENT FINER BY WEIGHT coarse fine U.HYDROMETERS. SIEVE OPENING IN INCHES U.S. SIEVE NUMBERS 15 14 15 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 100 1,000 AXIAL STRAIN, % PRESSURE, psf SWELL CONSOLIDATION TEST ASTM D4546 NOTES: Sample exhibited 0.04% collapse when inundated at the pressure of 150 psf. PROJECT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton PROJECT NUMBER: 20175063 Catholic Parish Addition SITE: 5450 South Lemay Avenue Fort Collins, CO CLIENT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Church 1901 Sharp Point Dr Ste C Fort Collins, CO Fort Collins, CO Specimen Identification Classification , pcf 106 15 WC, % B1 2 - 3 ft LEAN CLAY LABORATORY TESTS ARE NOT VALID IF SEPARATED FROM ORIGINAL REPORT. 65155045-SWELL/CONSOL 20175063 ST. ELIZABETH ANN.GPJ TERRACON_DATATEMPLATE.GDT 10/10/17 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 100 1,000 AXIAL STRAIN, % PRESSURE, psf SWELL CONSOLIDATION TEST ASTM D4546 NOTES: Sample exhibited 1.0% collapse when inundated at the pressure of 1,000 psf. PROJECT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton PROJECT NUMBER: 20175063 Catholic Parish Addition SITE: 5450 South Lemay Avenue Fort Collins, CO CLIENT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Church 1901 Sharp Point Dr Ste C Fort Collins, CO Fort Collins, CO Specimen Identification Classification , pcf 106 20 WC, % B3 9 - 10 ft LEAN CLAY LABORATORY TESTS ARE NOT VALID IF SEPARATED FROM ORIGINAL REPORT. 65155045-SWELL/CONSOL 20175063 ST. ELIZABETH ANN.GPJ TERRACON_DATATEMPLATE.GDT 10/10/17 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 100 1,000 AXIAL STRAIN, % PRESSURE, psf SWELL CONSOLIDATION TEST ASTM D4546 NOTES: Sample exhibited 0.7% swell when inundated at the pressure of 1,000 psf. PROJECT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton PROJECT NUMBER: 20175063 Catholic Parish Addition SITE: 5450 South Lemay Avenue Fort Collins, CO CLIENT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Church 1901 Sharp Point Dr Ste C Fort Collins, CO Fort Collins, CO Specimen Identification Classification , pcf 108 9 WC, % B4 4 - 5 ft LEAN CLAY LABORATORY TESTS ARE NOT VALID IF SEPARATED FROM ORIGINAL REPORT. 65155045-SWELL/CONSOL 20175063 ST. ELIZABETH ANN.GPJ TERRACON_DATATEMPLATE.GDT 10/10/17 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 100 1,000 AXIAL STRAIN, % PRESSURE, psf SWELL CONSOLIDATION TEST ASTM D4546 NOTES: Sample exhibited 4.2% swell when inundated at the pressure of 1,000 psf. PROJECT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton PROJECT NUMBER: 20175063 Catholic Parish Addition SITE: 5450 South Lemay Avenue Fort Collins, CO CLIENT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Church 1901 Sharp Point Dr Ste C Fort Collins, CO Fort Collins, CO Specimen Identification Classification , pcf 113 17 WC, % B5 19 - 19.9 ft CLAYSTONE LABORATORY TESTS ARE NOT VALID IF SEPARATED FROM ORIGINAL REPORT. 65155045-SWELL/CONSOL 20175063 ST. ELIZABETH ANN.GPJ TERRACON_DATATEMPLATE.GDT 10/10/17 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 COMPRESSIVE STRESS - psf AXIAL STRAIN - % ASTM D2166 UNCONFINED COMPRESSION TEST 1901 Sharp Point Dr Ste C Fort Collins, CO PROJECT NUMBER: 20175063 SITE: 5450 South Lemay Avenue Fort Collins, CO CLIENT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Church Fort Collins, CO PROJECT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition LABORATORY TESTS ARE NOT VALID IF SEPARATED FROM ORIGINAL REPORT. UNCONFINED 20175063 ST. ELIZABETH ANN.GPJ TERRACON_DATATEMPLATE.GDT 10/10/17 SAMPLEfeet TYPE: D&M RING SAMPLE LOCATION: B3 @ 19 - 19.75 108 Strain Rate: in/min Failure Strain: % SPECIMEN FAILURE MODE Calculated Saturation: % Height: in. Diameter: in. Failure Mode: Bulge (dashed) Remarks: LL PL PI Percent < #200 Sieve 4591 18 DESCRIPTION: CLAYSTONE BEDROCK Dry Density: pcf Moisture Content: % 3.74 Height / Diameter Ratio: 2.44 Calculated Void Ratio: Undrained Shear Strength: (psf) Unconfined Compressive Strength (psf) Assumed Specific Gravity: 9181 5.89 2.41 SPECIMEN TEST DATA SUPPORTING INFORMATION SUPPORTING INFORMATION UNIFIED SOIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 UNIFIED SOI L CLASSI FICATI ON SYSTEM Criteria for Assigning Group Symbols and Group Names Using Laboratory Tests A Soil Classification Group Symbol Group Name B Coarse-Grained Soils: More than 50% retained on No. 200 sieve Gravels: More than 50% of coarse fraction retained on No. 4 sieve Clean Gravels: Less than 5% fines C Cu ‡ 4 and 1 £ Cc £ 3 E GW Well-graded gravel F Cu < 4 and/or 1 > Cc > 3 E GP Poorly graded gravel F Gravels with Fines: More than 12% fines C Fines classify as ML or MH GM Silty gravel F,G,H Fines classify as CL or CH GC Clayey gravel F,G,H Sands: 50% or more of coarse fraction passes No. 4 sieve Clean Sands: Less than 5% fines D Cu ‡ 6 and 1 £ Cc £ 3 E SW Well-graded sand I Cu < 6 and/or 1 > Cc > 3 E SP Poorly graded sand I Sands with Fines: More than 12% fines D Fines classify as ML or MH SM Silty sandG,H,I Fines classify as CL or CH SC Clayey sandG,H,I Fine-Grained Soils: 50% or more passes the No. 200 sieve Silts and Clays: Liquid limit less than 50 Inorganic: PI > 7 and plots on or above “A” line J CL Lean clayK,L,M PI < 4 or plots below “A” lineJ ML Silt K,L,M Organic: Liquid limit - oven dried < 0.75 OL Organic clay K,L,M,N Liquid limit - not dried Organic silt K,L,M,O Silts and Clays: Liquid limit 50 or more Inorganic: PI plots on or above “A” line CH Fat clayK,L,M DESCRIPTION OF ROCK PROPERTIES St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 ROCK VERSION 1 WEATHERING Term Description Unweathered No visible sign of rock material weathering, perhaps slight discoloration on major discontinuity surfaces. Slightly Weathered Discoloration indicates weathering of rock material and discontinuity surfaces. All the rock material may be discolored by weathering and may be somewhat weaker externally than in its fresh condition. Moderately Weathered Less than half of the rock material is decomposed and/or disintegrated to a soil. Fresh or discolored rock is present either as a continuous framework or as corestones. Highly Weathered More than half of the rock material is decomposed and/or disintegrated to a soil. Fresh or discolored rock is present either as a discontinuous framework or as corestones. Completely Weathered All rock material is decomposed and/or disintegrated to soil. The original mass structure is still largely intact. Residual Soil All rock material is converted to soil. The mass structure and material fabric are destroyed. There is a large change in volume, but the soil has not been significantly transported. STRENGTH OR HARDNESS Description Field Identification Uniaxial Compressive Strength, psi (MPa) Extremely Weak Indented by thumbnail 40-150 (0.3-1) Very Weak Crumbles under firm blows with point of geological hammer, can be peeled by a pocket knife 150-700 (1-5) Weak Rock Can be peeled by a pocket knife with difficulty, shallow indentations made by firm blow with point of geological hammer 700-4,000 (5-30) Medium Strong Cannot be scraped or peeled with a pocket knife, specimen can be fractured with single firm blow of geological hammer 4,000-7,000 (30-50) Strong Rock Specimen requires more than one blow of geological hammer to fracture it 7,000-15,000 (50-100) Very Strong Specimen requires many blows of geological hammer to fracture it 15,000-36,000 (100-250) Extremely Strong Specimen can only be chipped with geological hammer >36,000 (>250) DISCONTINUITY DESCRIPTION Fracture Spacing (Joints, Faults, Other Fractures) Bedding Spacing (May Include Foliation or Banding) Description Spacing Description Spacing Extremely Close < ¾ in (<19 mm) Laminated < ½ in (<12 mm) Very Close ¾ in – 2-1/2 in (19 - 60 mm) Very thin ½ in – 2 in (12 – 50 mm) Close 2-1/2 in – 8 in (60 – 200 mm) Thin 2 in – 1 ft. (50 – 300 mm) Moderate 8 in – 2 ft. (200 – 600 mm) Medium 1 ft. – 3 ft. (300 – 900 mm) Wide 2 ft. – 6 ft. (600 mm – 2.0 m) Thick 3 ft. – 10 ft. (900 mm – 3 m) Very Wide 6 ft. – 20 ft. (2.0 – 6 m) Massive > 10 ft. (3 m) Discontinuity Orientation (Angle): Measure the angle of discontinuity relative to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the core. (For most cases, the core axis is vertical; therefore, the plane perpendicular to the core axis is horizontal.) For example, a horizontal bedding plane would have a 0-degree angle. ROCK QUALITY DESIGNATION (RQD) 1 Description RQD Value (%) Very Poor 0 - 25 Poor 25 – 50 Fair 50 – 75 Good 75 – 90 Excellent 90 - 100 1. The combined length of all sound and intact core segments equal to or greater than 4 inches in length, expressed as a percentage of the total core run length. Reference: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Publication No FHWA-NHI-10-034, December 2009 Technical Manual for Design and Construction of Road Tunnels – Civil Elements DESCRIPTION OF ROCK PROPERTIES St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition ■ Fort Collins, Colorado September 28, 2017 ■ Terracon Project No. 20175063 ROCK VERSION 2 WEATHERING Fresh Rock fresh, crystals bright, few joints may show slight staining. Rock rings under hammer if crystalline. Very Slight Rock generally fresh, joints stained, some joints may show thin clay coatings, crystals in broken face show bright. Rock rings under hammer if crystalline. Slight Rock generally fresh, joints stained, and discoloration extends into rock up to 1 in. Joints may contain clay. In granitoid rocks some occasional feldspar crystals are dull and discolored. Crystalline rocks ring under hammer. Moderate Significant portions of rock show discoloration and weathering effects. In granitoid rocks, most feldspars are dull and discolored; some show clayey. Rock has dull sound under hammer and shows significant loss of strength as compared with fresh rock. Moderately Severe All rock except quartz discolored or stained. In granitoid rocks, all feldspars dull and discolored and majority show kaolinization. Rock shows severe loss of strength and can be excavated with geologist’s pick. Severe All rock except quartz discolored or stained. Rock “fabric” clear and evident, but reduced in strength to strong soil. In granitoid rocks, all feldspars kaolinized to some extent. Some fragments of strong rock usually left. Very Severe All rock except quartz discolored or stained. Rock “fabric” discernible, but mass effectively reduced to “soil” with only fragments of strong rock remaining. Complete Rock reduced to “soil”. Rock “fabric” no discernible or discernible only in small, scattered locations. Quartz may be present as dikes or stringers. HARDNESS (for engineering description of rock – not to be confused with Moh’s scale for minerals) Very Hard Cannot be scratched with knife or sharp pick. Breaking of hand specimens requires several hard blows of geologist’s pick. Hard Can be scratched with knife or pick only with difficulty. Hard blow of hammer required to detach hand specimen. Moderately Hard Can be scratched with knife or pick. Gouges or grooves to ¼ in. deep can be excavated by hard blow of point of a geologist’s pick. Hand specimens can be detached by moderate blow. Medium Can be grooved or gouged 1/16 in. deep by firm pressure on knife or pick point. Can be excavated in small chips to pieces about 1-in. maximum size by hard blows of the point of a geologist’s pick. Soft Can be gouged or grooved readily with knife or pick point. Can be excavated in chips to pieces several inches in size by moderate blows of a pick point. Small thin pieces can be broken by finger pressure. Very Soft Can be carved with knife. Can be excavated readily with point of pick. Pieces 1-in. or more in thickness can be broken with finger pressure. Can be scratched readily by fingernail. Joint, Bedding, and Foliation Spacing in Rock 1 Spacing Joints Bedding/Foliation Less than 2 in. Very close Very thin 2 in. – 1 ft. Close Thin 1 ft. – 3 ft. Moderately close Medium 3 ft. – 10 ft. Wide Thick More than 10 ft. Very wide Very thick 1. Spacing refers to the distance normal to the planes, of the described feature, which are parallel to each other or nearly so. Rock Quality Designator (RQD) 1 Joint Openness Descriptors RQD, as a percentage Diagnostic description Openness Descriptor Exceeding 90 Excellent No Visible Separation Tight 90 – 75 Good Less than 1/32 in. Slightly Open 75 – 50 Fair 1/32 to 1/8 in. Moderately Open 50 – 25 Poor 1/8 to 3/8 in. Open Less than 25 Very poor 3/8 in. to 0.1 ft. Moderately Wide 1. RQD (given as a percentage) = length of core in pieces 4 inches and longer / length of run Greater than 0.1 ft. Wide References: American Society of Civil Engineers. Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice - No. 56. Subsurface Investigation for Design and Construction of Foundations of Buildings. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1976. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Engineering Geology Field Manual. PI plots below “A” line MH Elastic Silt K,L,M Organic: Liquid limit - oven dried < 0.75 OH Organic clay K,L,M,P Liquid limit - not dried Organic silt K,L,M,Q Highly organic soils: Primarily organic matter, dark in color, and organic odor PT Peat A Based on the material passing the 3-inch (75-mm) sieve B If field sample contained cobbles or boulders, or both, add “with cobbles or boulders, or both” to group name. C Gravels with 5 to 12% fines require dual symbols: GW-GM well-graded gravel with silt, GW-GC well-graded gravel with clay, GP-GM poorly graded gravel with silt, GP-GC poorly graded gravel with clay. D Sands with 5 to 12% fines require dual symbols: SW-SM well-graded sand with silt, SW-SC well-graded sand with clay, SP-SM poorly graded sand with silt, SP-SC poorly graded sand with clay E Cu = D60/D10 Cc = 10 60 2 30 D x D (D ) F If soil contains ‡ 15% sand, add “with sand” to group name. G If fines classify as CL-ML, use dual symbol GC-GM, or SC-SM. H If fines are organic, add “with organic fines” to group name. I If soil contains ‡ 15% gravel, add “with gravel” to group name. J If Atterberg limits plot in shaded area, soil is a CL-ML, silty clay. K If soil contains 15 to 29% plus No. 200, add “with sand” or “with gravel,” whichever is predominant. L If soil contains ‡ 30% plus No. 200 predominantly sand, add “sandy” to group name. MIf soil contains ‡ 30% plus No. 200, predominantly gravel, add “gravelly” to group name. NPI‡ 4 and plots on or above “A” line. OPI< 4 or plots below “A” line. P PI plots on or above “A” line. QPI plots below “A” line. 15 19 20 D100 Cc Cu SILT OR CLAY 4 D30 D10 %Gravel %Sand 2 - 3 2 - 3 4 - 5.5 3/8 3 100 3 2 140 COBBLES GRAVEL SAND USCS Classification 33.5 40.6 28.4 D60 coarse medium Boring ID Depth Boring ID Depth GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION 2 - 3 2 - 3 4 - 5.5 SANDY LEAN CLAY (CL) SANDY LEAN CLAY (CL) SANDY LEAN CLAY (CL) ASTM D422 / ASTM C136 PROJECT NUMBER: 20175063 PROJECT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition SITE: 5450 South Lemay Avenue Fort Collins, CO CLIENT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Church Fort Collins, CO EXHIBIT: B-1 1901 Sharp Point Dr Ste C Fort Collins, CO LABORATORY TESTS ARE NOT VALID IF SEPARATED FROM ORIGINAL REPORT. GRAIN SIZE: USCS-2 20175063 ST. ELIZABETH ANN.GPJ 35159097 - ATTERBERG ISSUE.GPJ 9/18/17 B3 B3 B5 ATTERBERG LIMITS RESULTS ASTM D4318 2 - 3 2 - 3 4 - 5.5 24 - 25.5 19 - 19.9 PROJECT NUMBER: 20175063 PROJECT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition SITE: 5450 South Lemay Avenue Fort Collins, CO CLIENT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Church Fort Collins, CO EXHIBIT: B-1 1901 Sharp Point Dr Ste C Fort Collins, CO LABORATORY TESTS ARE NOT VALID IF SEPARATED FROM ORIGINAL REPORT. ATTERBERG LIMITS 20175063 ST. ELIZABETH ANN.GPJ TERRACON2015.GDT 9/18/17 CL-ML 1901 Sharp Point Dr Ste C Fort Collins, CO PH. 970-484-0359 FAX. 970-484-0454 Project Manager: EDB SUBSURFACE PROFILE EXHIBIT SW to NE Soil Profile ST. ELIZABETH ANN SETON CATHOLIC PARISH ADDITION 5450 SOUTH LEMAY AVENUE FORT COLLINS, CO File Name: 20175063 Scale: N.T.S Project No.: 20175063 Drawn by: RSG Date: 10/10/2017 Approved by: EDB THIS BORING LOG IS NOT VALID IF SEPARATED FROM ORIGINAL REPORT. SMART FENCE 20175063 ST. ELIZABETH ANN.GPJ TERRACON_DATATEMPLATE.GDT 10/10/17 8 9 18 19 19 17 16 16 50/9" N=50/9" 50/9" N=50/9" BT-34.8 Ft. 6-6-6 N=12 13-15 4-6-7 N=13 6-7 6-9-15 N=24 15-22-34 N=56 %w B4 19 21 17 18 17 16 17 50/5" 52 19 BT-30.5 Ft. 1-1-2 N=3 1-2-2 N=4 4-7 9-11-15 N=26 17-28-42 N=70 21-26-39 N=65 %w LL PL B5 Claystone Bedrock 15 20 25 30 SAMPLE TYPE FIELD TEST RESULTS SWELL (%) DEPTH LOCATION Latitude: 40.50963° Longitude: -105.05644° See Exploration Plan Page 1 of 1 Advancement Method: 4-inch solid stem auger Abandonment Method: Borings backfilled with soil cuttings upon completion. 1901 Sharp Point Dr Ste C Fort Collins, CO Notes: Project No.: 20175063 Drill Rig: CME 75 Boring Started: 08-10-2017 BORING LOG NO. B5 CLIENT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Church Fort Collins, CO Driller: Dakota Drilling, Inc. Boring Completed: 08-10-2017 PROJECT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition See Exploration and Testing Procedures for a description of field and laboratory procedures used and additional data (If any). See Supporting Information for explanation of symbols and abbreviations. 5450 South Lemay Avenue Fort Collins, CO SITE: No water encountered during exploration WATER LEVEL OBSERVATIONS OBSERVATIONS DEPTH (Ft.) 5 10 15 20 25 30 SAMPLE TYPE FIELD TEST RESULTS SWELL (%) DEPTH LOCATION Latitude: 40.50948° Longitude: -105.05673° See Exploration Plan Page 1 of 1 Advancement Method: 4-inch solid stem auger Abandonment Method: Borings backfilled with soil cuttings upon completion. 1901 Sharp Point Dr Ste C Fort Collins, CO Notes: Project No.: 20175063 Drill Rig: CME 45 Boring Started: 08-25-2017 BORING LOG NO. B4 CLIENT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Church Fort Collins, CO Driller: Odell Drilling, Inc. Boring Completed: 08-25-2017 PROJECT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition See Exploration and Testing Procedures for a description of field and laboratory procedures used and additional data (If any). See Supporting Information for explanation of symbols and abbreviations. 5450 South Lemay Avenue Fort Collins, CO SITE: No water encountered during exploration WATER LEVEL OBSERVATIONS OBSERVATIONS DEPTH (Ft.) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 SAMPLE TYPE FIELD TEST RESULTS SWELL (%) DEPTH LOCATION Latitude: 40.50961° Longitude: -105.05697° See Exploration Plan Page 1 of 1 Advancement Method: 4-inch solid stem auger Abandonment Method: Borings backfilled with soil cuttings upon completion. 1901 Sharp Point Dr Ste C Fort Collins, CO Notes: Project No.: 20175063 Drill Rig: CME 45 Boring Started: 08-25-2017 BORING LOG NO. B3 CLIENT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Church Fort Collins, CO Driller: Odell Drilling, Inc. Boring Completed: 08-25-2017 PROJECT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition See Exploration and Testing Procedures for a description of field and laboratory procedures used and additional data (If any). See Supporting Information for explanation of symbols and abbreviations. 5450 South Lemay Avenue Fort Collins, CO SITE: No water encountered during exploration WATER LEVEL OBSERVATIONS Drill Rig: CME 45 Boring Started: 08-25-2017 BORING LOG NO. B2 CLIENT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Church Fort Collins, CO Driller: Odell Drilling, Inc. Boring Completed: 08-25-2017 PROJECT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition See Exploration and Testing Procedures for a description of field and laboratory procedures used and additional data (If any). See Supporting Information for explanation of symbols and abbreviations. 5450 South Lemay Avenue Fort Collins, CO SITE: No water encountered during exploration WATER LEVEL OBSERVATIONS Fort Collins, CO Notes: Project No.: 20175063 Drill Rig: CME 45 Boring Started: 08-25-2017 BORING LOG NO. B1 CLIENT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Church Fort Collins, CO Driller: Odell Drilling, Inc. Boring Completed: 08-25-2017 PROJECT: St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Catholic Parish Addition See Exploration and Testing Procedures for a description of field and laboratory procedures used and additional data (If any). See Supporting Information for explanation of symbols and abbreviations. 5450 South Lemay Avenue Fort Collins, CO SITE: 5' at completion of drilling WATER LEVEL OBSERVATIONS Fine Grained - 2.46 --- --- (390)H (295)H