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HomeMy WebLinkAboutFOOTHILLS MALL REDEVELOPMENT - FDP - FDP130019 - SUBMITTAL DOCUMENTS - ROUND 1 - DRAINAGE REPORTOperator: The Beck Group Denver, CO Project: Foothills Mall Redevelopment S. College Ave. & E. Monroe Dr. Fort Collins, CO SWMP Preparation Date: January, 2013 SWMP Administrator: The Beck Group Jason Glenn 720‐409‐8260 jasonglenn@beckgroup.com SWMP Development Summit Services Group Nick Holland 303‐520‐7653 Summit Fax 720‐224‐9104 StormWater Management Plan CONQUERING COMPLIANCE CHALLENGES CONTENTS Tab 1 Site Description, Responsibilities Tab 2 Site and Location Map(s), Soils Data, Other Tab 3 Stormwater Management Controls Tab 4 Final Stabilization/Long‐Term Stormwater Management Tab 5 Inspection and Maintenance Tab 6 Terms & Conditions/ Other Tab 7 Appendices Appendix A– Tables Appendix B– BMP Details Appendix C– Spill Prevention /Reportable Quantities Appendix D– Permits, Applications, Inspector Qualifications, and CGP regulations Appendix E– Amendment Log Tab 8 Completed Inspection Reports Foothills Mall Redevelopment Table of Contents Part 1 (Tab 1)……………………………..Site Description and Responsibilities Part 2 (Tab 2)…………………………….. Site Maps, Soils Data, Other Part 3 (Tab 3)…………………………….. Stormwater Management Controls Part 4 (Tab 4)…………………………….. Final Stabilization/Long-Term Stormwater Management Part 5 (Tab 5)…………………………….. Inspection and Maintenance Part 6 (Tab 6)…………………………..… Terms and Conditions—Other Tab 7……………………………………….Appendix A—Tables Tab 8……………………………………… Appendix B—BMP Details Tab 9……………………………………… Appendix C—Spill Prevention Reportable Quantities Tab 10…………………………………….. Appendix D—Permits, Applications, Inspector Qualifications, SWMP certification, and CGP regulations Tab 11……………………………………….Appendix E—Amendment Log Tab 12……………………………………... Appendix F—Inspection Reports Site Description and Responsibilities PART 1 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 1 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 This StormWater Management Plan was developed by Summit Services Group for The Beck Group, January 2013. The SWMP was produced in accordance with the applicable permits and guidelines from the State of Colorado (CDPHE) and the City of Fort Collins. 1-a. Site Description Foothills Mall Redevelopment is a commercial development site located in the city of Fort Collins, County of Larimer, Colorado. Proposed land use will consist of commercial, entertainment, and retail. The project is divided into nine defined construction areas (see part 1-b). The activity for each “area” or phase within this project consists of redeveloping an existing retail mall and outlots through demolition, grading, cut and fill activities, and relocation/installation of infrastructure such as water, sewer, gas, and electrical. Site redevelopment also includes the following: construction of sidewalks, parking lots, buildings, drainage systems, water quality features, landscaping, and irrigation systems. Portions of the existing mall will remain, however roughly 70% of the site will be redeveloped. In addition, several areas along the east side of the site will be developed for future residential construction. 1-b. Proposed Sequence of Major Activities Due to the large scale and nature of the project, the site is divided into nine planned construction areas (construction area phasing maps are located in Part 2 of the SWMP). Each of the nine areas will utilize the general BMP phasing plan indicated below. Due to changing site conditions and the nature of land development, the sequence of phasing may change from what is represented in this plan. If the sequences of activities or dates change, the Phasing Log in Appendix A of the SWMP should be updated by the SWMP Administrator to reflect the changes. Est. Project Start: Est. Project Completion: March 2013 November 2014 Land Development: Initial Phase (pre-construction): This phase includes BMP installation necessary for pre-construction site preparation. The following BMPs will be implemented: designated staging and material storage area(s), vehicle tracking controls, inlet protection, outfall protection, curb socks, rock socks, and channel/ditch checks. Port-o-lets and dumpsters will be placed as needed. Mobilization of construction materials, equipment, and vehicles will take place upon completing the installation of above BMPs. Stormwater inspections shall begin once the initial BMPs are installed. The City of Fort Collins Stormwater Department erosion controls inspector must be notified at least 24 hours prior to any construction on this site. Demolition Phase: Activities in this phase will include but are not limited to; demolition of existing buildings and asphalt parking lots, disposal & recycling of demolition material, and rough grading. BMPs implemented during this phase will include all of the above plus sediment traps, concrete washout Site Description and Responsibilities PART 1 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 2 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 areas, sediment control log, silt fence, cut back curb, and additional perimeter controls as needed. Cut back curb will be the primary perimeter control used for this project. As noted on the demolition plan, cut back curb shall be installed prior to the demolition of any area(s) located adjacent to pavement. The majority of pre-existing curb will remain in place along the project perimeter(s) and parking lot islands. BMPs shall be monitored for effectiveness and maintained as needed. Pre-disturbance vegetation shall be protected and retained wherever possible. Removal or disturbance of existing vegetation or stabilized areas shall be limited to the area required for immediate construction operations, and for the shortest practical period of time. Flatwork Phase: This phase includes the rough and final grading of building pads, roads, parking lots, walks, tracts, and future residential lots. Other activities will include but are not limited to: building construction; and installation of curb, gutter, inlets, storm drain systems, and drainage features, etc. Rain gardens, sand filter basins, and stormceptors will be installed as permanent water quality features. Temporary stabilization BMPs should be implemented on all disturbed areas where construction is inactive. Completed areas will be stabilized with seed & mulch, landscaping, or sod. The primary stabilization BMP during this phase will be finished asphalt paving of parking lots and walkways (hardscape). BMPs will remain in place where needed, and shall be monitored for effectiveness and maintained as needed. Final Phase: This phase will include any activities still needed for the completion of the project, including finished building construction. Final stabilization BMPs shall be implemented at any/all areas remaining disturbed. Any BMPs that are no longer needed will be removed. BMPs remaining installed will be inspected and maintained as needed. Inspections and BMP maintenance shall continue until site reaches final stabilization. Refer to Table 1-b located in Appendix A for phases of construction and specific dates. 1-c. Project Location and Estimates of Area to be Disturbed The project is located near the cross streets of S. College Ave. and E. Monroe Dr., City of Fort Collins, County of Larimer, Colorado, southwest quarter of section 25, township 7 north, range 69 west of the 6th principal meridian. A general location map is included in Part 2 of the SWMP. Latitude: Longitude: The project is estimated to be 76.44 acres, of which all 76.44 acres are planned for disturbance from development related activities. Offsite activities: There are no anticipated offsite activities associated with this site. There is no planned offsite borrow or disposal activities associated with this site. Offsite BMPs: may include but are not limited to; curb socks and inlet protection, sweeping etc. Approximate limits of disturbance are indicated on the project BMP map in Part 2 of this SWMP. 40.542640 -105.073543 Site Description and Responsibilities PART 1 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 3 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 1-d. Data Source for Site BMP Plans and Soil Data Site, Grading, and Utilities plans were provided by The Beck Group for use in the development of this SWMP. These plans were completed by R.A. Smith National. A formal soils study was not performed on this site, however, soil types were evaluated through the USGS utilizing available soil data. Generally the soil type falls into the loam/clay loam category. These soils have slow to moderate infiltration rates and have generally low to moderate erodibility. The soils data is available in Part 2 of this SWMP. 1-e. Existing Vegetative Cover Pre-construction, the site consists of an existing retail mall with outlots. Current ground cover is primarily impervious parking areas, walks, and buildings. Trees, shrubs, rock, and sod are present in landscape areas onsite. Coverage of landscape areas is approximately 60% density. Existing slopes vary from 1 to 10% in the paved areas onsite, and up to 3:1 in the landscape areas. 1-f. Potential Pollution Sources Potential pollution sources have the potential to impact Storm Water runoff. Potential pollution sources were evaluated for this site and are detailed in the table provided. Sources and locations may change throughout the construction project. The SWMP Administrator should make appropriate modifications to this section as changes occur. The site map shall be updated with the storage and staging of potential pollutants and BMP controls as they change. See Table 1-f located in Appendix A for identification of potential pollution sources for this project. 1-g. Allowable Non-Stormwater Discharges Only those discharges specifically authorized by the permit are allowed from a construction site. Authorized discharges include all Stormwater runoff as well as the non-Stormwater discharges detailed in this section. Additional permits may be necessary for activities not covered by this section. 1. Emergency firefighting activities 2. Release from uncontaminated springs • There are no known springs or sources of ground water associated with this site. 3. Landscape irrigation return flow • Landscape irrigation return flow is expected to occur once landscape and final stabilization practices have been implemented. BMPs should be kept in place as needed to reduce erosion and the transport of sediment. 4. Construction Dewatering (see Part 3-c.8 of this SWMP for more information) • Construction dewatering may be necessary if Stormwater accumulates in an excavation area. No other dewatering activities are anticipated at this time. • If necessary, Stormwater accumulations may be pumped out of excavation areas and conveyed over the project in a non-erosive manner. Waters should either Site Description and Responsibilities PART 1 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 4 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 infiltrate or be discharged to a sediment trap or similar structure. If the discharge waters are turbid, a filter bag or similar filtering device must be used. • Discharges from this activity may not leave the site as surface runoff or enter a water of the state. • Discharges may not be made to the street or storm drain system at the site. • Other dewatering activities may require a dewatering permit. Consult Part 3 of the SWMP and the state dewatering permit requirements for more information. 5. Discharges to the ground of concrete wash waters • Concrete wash waters are anticipated to occur on this site. Appropriate measures shall be taken to control concrete wash waters in accordance with the permit (see Part 3-c.7 of this SWMP for more details. • Designate a concrete washout area and install per specification. (see Appendix B for specification details) • Wash waters are allowed to evaporate or infiltrate into the ground at the washout. A high water table is not anticipated at this site. If a high water table is discovered or the site is near surface water a poly liner may be necessary to prevent discharge. • Concrete wash waters are at no time allowed to be discharged as surface runoff, to existing surface waters, to the street or paved areas or to Stormwater detention /storage facilities. No other discharges are anticipated for this site other than those allowed by the permit. 1-h. Receiving Waters The ultimate receiving water for this project is the Poudre River, which is located approximately 3 miles to the NE of the Foothills Mall Redevelopment project area. Stormwater sheet flows are collected via typical curb and gutter and convey to existing storm drain systems on and off site. Upon completion of the project, stormwater will collect via typical curb and gutter, and enter the storm drain system via storm sewer inlets and/or water quality basins or underground treatment units throughout the site. After leaving these systems, flows enter City of Fort Collins storm drains. The storm drains carry water into a network of pipes that lead directly to the Poudre River. • MS4: The storm drain system does not receive treatment as part of the City of Colorado Springs MS4 system • Wetlands: Wetlands are located within the Banning Lewis Ranch area, however the distance from this project is significant and no impact is anticipated. • Sec. 303d: The waterways associated with this project are not on the state 303d list of impaired water ways. • Sec 404: Current activities on this site do not require a 404 permit. 1.1 Adjacent Construction Activities/ Land Use There is currently no active construction adjacent to the project. The project is directly adjacent to existing commercial properties, and completed single & multi-family residential home sites. Commercial sites are primarily located to the south and west of the project. Residential home sites are primarily located to the north and east of the project. Site Description and Responsibilities PART 1 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 5 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 1.2 Threatened and Endangered Species This project is not expected to impact any of the listed Threatened or Endangered Species on the national registry. This site is not expected to encroach on any habitat areas. The site should be observed on a regular basis. If a species from the list is found on site, work should be stopped and the Department of Fish and Wildlife contacted before continuing activities. Additional information regarding species identification, location and the process for notification can be found on the web at: http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public//pub/stateListingAndOccurrence.jsp?state=CO 1.3 Historic and Preservation Sites This project is not in proximity to any of the listed protected or historic sites. For additional information visit: http://www.coloradohistory-oahp.org/programareas/register/1503/cty.htm 1.4 Offsite BMP’s The permittee is responsible for offsite impacts and insuring the operation of offsite BMP’s which are affected by runoff from the permitted site. An example would be where the permittee owns or operates a lot or pad site only. Runoff flows from the site enter the street leading to an inlet with inlet protection continuing on to a shared detention basin. In this example the permittee would have shared responsibility to maintain the effectiveness of the offsite BMPs. The site would also need to implement a series of BMPs at the site to minimize offsite impact. All offsite BMPs for which the permittee has shared responsibility will be clearly marked on the site map located in Part 2 of this SWMP. Offsite BMPs for this site consist of the following: Inlet Protection/ Curb Checks: Once the streets, curbs and inlets are installed, inlet protection or curb checks shall be installed and maintained by the permittee for this project at the inlet locations and flow lines directly affected by runoff from the project area or down the flow line from the site entrance as needed. Street Sweeping: Street sweeping shall be utilized on the adjacent streets and paved areas to minimize offsite tracking of sediment. The activity will be scheduled as needed to reasonably control offsite impact. 1.5 Upstream Run-on Potential Upstream run-on potential is not expected to impact this project. Observations of the area will be made as a part of the regular site inspections. Updates should be made to the SWMP and site map if conditions change. There is little to no impact anticipated from stormwater run-on to the site. 1.6 Responsibilities Site Description and Responsibilities PART 1 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 6 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Ultimately the owner and the operator holding the permit are responsible for activities associated with this construction project. The permittee must comply with the most stringent of the regulations from the federal and state programs as well as any local requirements. The permittee may elect to share or delegate responsibility of certain compliance items to other parties such as contractors or third party consultants. Refer to Table 1.6 located in Appendix A of this SWMP for a breakdown of responsibilities. Site Maps-Soils Data-Other PART 2 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 1 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 United States Department of Agriculture A product of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local participants Custom Soil Resource Report for Larimer County Area, Colorado The Beck Group - Foothills Mall Redevelopment Natural Resources Conservation Service January 22, 2013 Preface Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas. They highlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information about the properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for many different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers. Also, conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand, protect, or enhance the environment. Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose special restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions. The information is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations. Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some cases. Examples include soil quality assessments (http://soils.usda.gov/sqi/) and certain conservation and engineering applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center (http://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app? agency=nrcs) or your NRCS State Soil Scientist (http://soils.usda.gov/contact/ state_offices/). Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to basements or underground installations. The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey. Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is available through the NRCS Soil Data Mart Web site or the NRCS Web Soil Survey. The Soil Data Mart is the data storage site for the official soil survey information. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means 2 for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. 3 Contents Preface....................................................................................................................2 How Soil Surveys Are Made..................................................................................5 Soil Map..................................................................................................................7 Soil Map................................................................................................................8 Legend..................................................................................................................9 Map Unit Legend................................................................................................10 Map Unit Descriptions........................................................................................10 Larimer County Area, Colorado......................................................................12 3—Altvan-Satanta loams, 0 to 3 percent slopes.........................................12 22—Caruso clay loam, 0 to 1 percent slope...............................................13 35—Fort Collins loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes..............................................14 36—Fort Collins loam, 3 to 5 percent slopes..............................................15 37—Fort Collins loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes..............................................17 73—Nunn clay loam, 0 to 1 percent slope..................................................18 74—Nunn clay loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes.................................................19 76—Nunn clay loam, wet, 1 to 3 percent slopes.........................................20 Soil Information for All Uses...............................................................................22 Soil Reports........................................................................................................22 Soil Erosion.....................................................................................................22 RUSLE2 Related Attributes.........................................................................22 References............................................................................................................25 4 How Soil Surveys Are Made Soil surveys are made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous areas in a specific area. They include a description of the soils and miscellaneous areas and their location on the landscape and tables that show soil properties and limitations affecting various uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length, and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They observed and described many soil profiles. A soil profile is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The profile extends from the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the soil formed or from the surface down to bedrock. The unconsolidated material is devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not been changed by other biological activity. Currently, soils are mapped according to the boundaries of major land resource areas (MLRAs). MLRAs are geographically associated land resource units that share common characteristics related to physiography, geology, climate, water resources, soils, biological resources, and land uses (USDA, 2006). Soil survey areas typically consist of parts of one or more MLRA. The soils and miscellaneous areas in a survey area occur in an orderly pattern that is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the area. Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind of landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a concept, or model, of how they were formed. Thus, during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict with a considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a specific location on the landscape. Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented by an understanding of the soil-vegetation-landscape relationship, are sufficient to verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries. Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied. They noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them to identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units). Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character of soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the 5 individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and research. The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components; the objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a unique combination of soil components and/or miscellaneous areas in predictable proportions. Some components may be highly contrasting to the other components of the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delineation of such landforms and landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map. The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape, and experience of the soil scientist. Observations are made to test and refine the soil- landscape model and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at specific locations. Once the soil-landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller number of measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded. These measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color, depth to bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for content of sand, silt, clay, salt, and other components. Properties of each soil typically vary from one point to another across the landscape. Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop ranges of characteristics for the components. The aggregated values are presented. Direct measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other properties. While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field-observed characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management. Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same kinds of soil. Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example, soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date. After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings, fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately. Custom Soil Resource Report 6 Soil Map The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit. 7 LRMR Cnty Canal Two Swallow Rd Foothills Pkwy Stanford Rd College Ave Stover St Monroe Dr Boltz Dr Mathews St Sydney Dr Hampton Dr Swallow Pl John F Kennedy Pkwy Cortez St Tulane Dr Mason St Swallow Bnd Alamo Ave Monroe Dr College Ave John F Kennedy Pkwy ¤£287 73 3 22 35 76 74 74 74 36 37 74 36 74 37 493300 493300 493400 493400 493500 493500 493600 493600 493700 493700 493800 493800 493900 493900 494000 494000 494100 494100 494200 494200 494300 494300 494400 494400 MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Special Point Features Blowout Borrow Pit Clay Spot Closed Depression Gravel Pit Gravelly Spot Landfill Lava Flow Marsh or swamp Mine or Quarry Miscellaneous Water Perennial Water Rock Outcrop Saline Spot Sandy Spot Severely Eroded Spot Sinkhole Slide or Slip Sodic Spot Spoil Area Stony Spot Very Stony Spot Wet Spot Other Special Line Features Gully Short Steep Slope Other Political Features Cities Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation Rails Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads Map Scale: 1:5,620 if printed on A size (8.5" × 11") sheet. The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 13N NAD83 This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Larimer County Area, Colorado Survey Area Data: Version 7, May 1, 2009 Map Unit Legend Larimer County Area, Colorado (CO644) Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 3 Altvan-Satanta loams, 0 to 3 percent slopes 6.5 7.0% 22 Caruso clay loam, 0 to 1 percent slope 9.6 10.3% 35 Fort Collins loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes 6.2 6.6% 36 Fort Collins loam, 3 to 5 percent slopes 6.8 7.3% 37 Fort Collins loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes 3.8 4.1% 73 Nunn clay loam, 0 to 1 percent slope 35.1 37.7% 74 Nunn clay loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes 19.2 20.6% 76 Nunn clay loam, wet, 1 to 3 percent slopes 5.9 6.4% Totals for Area of Interest 93.1 100.0% Map Unit Descriptions The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit. A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils. Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a given area, the Custom Soil Resource Report 10 contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions. Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil properties and qualities. Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement. Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series. Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas. These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups. A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Alpha-Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example. An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar. Alpha- Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example. Custom Soil Resource Report 11 Larimer County Area, Colorado 3—Altvan-Satanta loams, 0 to 3 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 5,200 to 6,200 feet Mean annual precipitation: 13 to 15 inches Mean annual air temperature: 48 to 50 degrees F Frost-free period: 135 to 150 days Map Unit Composition Altvan and similar soils: 45 percent Satanta and similar soils: 30 percent Minor components: 25 percent Description of Altvan Setting Landform: Benches, terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Side slope, tread Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Mixed alluvium Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 3 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high (0.60 to 2.00 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 10 percent Available water capacity: Very high (about 13.2 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated Land capability classification (irrigated): 3e Land capability (nonirrigated): 3e Hydrologic Soil Group: B Typical profile 0 to 10 inches: Loam 10 to 18 inches: Clay loam, loam, sandy clay loam 18 to 30 inches: Loam, fine sandy loam, silt loam 30 to 60 inches: Gravelly sand, gravelly coarse sand, coarse sand Description of Satanta Setting Landform: Terraces, structural benches Landform position (three-dimensional): Side slope, tread Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Mixed alluvium and/or eolian deposits Custom Soil Resource Report 12 Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 1 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high (0.60 to 2.00 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 10 percent Available water capacity: Very high (about 27.4 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated Land capability classification (irrigated): 1 Land capability (nonirrigated): 3c Hydrologic Soil Group: B Typical profile 0 to 9 inches: Loam 9 to 18 inches: Loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam 18 to 60 inches: Loam, clay loam, fine sandy loam Minor Components Nunn Percent of map unit: 10 percent Larim Percent of map unit: 10 percent Stoneham Percent of map unit: 5 percent 22—Caruso clay loam, 0 to 1 percent slope Map Unit Setting Elevation: 4,800 to 5,500 feet Mean annual precipitation: 13 to 15 inches Mean annual air temperature: 48 to 50 degrees F Frost-free period: 135 to 150 days Map Unit Composition Caruso and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 15 percent Description of Caruso Setting Landform: Flood-plain steps, stream terraces Custom Soil Resource Report 13 Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Mixed alluvium Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 1 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: About 24 to 48 inches Frequency of flooding: Occasional Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 5 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water capacity: High (about 9.8 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated Land capability classification (irrigated): 3w Land capability (nonirrigated): 5w Hydrologic Soil Group: C Typical profile 0 to 35 inches: Clay loam 35 to 44 inches: Fine sandy loam, sandy loam 44 to 60 inches: Sand, gravelly sand Minor Components Loveland Percent of map unit: 9 percent Landform: Terraces Fluvaquents Percent of map unit: 6 percent Landform: Terraces 35—Fort Collins loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 4,800 to 5,500 feet Mean annual precipitation: 13 to 15 inches Mean annual air temperature: 48 to 50 degrees F Frost-free period: 135 to 150 days Map Unit Composition Fort collins and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 15 percent Custom Soil Resource Report 14 Description of Fort Collins Setting Landform: Fans, terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Base slope, tread Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Alluvium Properties and qualities Slope: 1 to 3 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high (0.60 to 2.00 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 15 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water capacity: Very high (about 25.5 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated Land capability classification (irrigated): 2e Land capability (nonirrigated): 3c Hydrologic Soil Group: B Ecological site: Loamy Plains (R067XY002CO) Typical profile 0 to 7 inches: Loam 7 to 22 inches: Loam, clay loam 22 to 60 inches: Loam, silt loam, fine sandy loam Minor Components Larim Percent of map unit: 8 percent Ascalon Percent of map unit: 7 percent 36—Fort Collins loam, 3 to 5 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 4,800 to 5,500 feet Mean annual precipitation: 13 to 15 inches Mean annual air temperature: 48 to 50 degrees F Frost-free period: 135 to 150 days Custom Soil Resource Report 15 Map Unit Composition Fort collins and similar soils: 90 percent Minor components: 10 percent Description of Fort Collins Setting Landform: Fans, terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Base slope, riser Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Alluvium Properties and qualities Slope: 3 to 5 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high (0.60 to 2.00 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 15 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water capacity: Very high (about 25.5 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated Land capability classification (irrigated): 3e Land capability (nonirrigated): 3e Hydrologic Soil Group: B Ecological site: Loamy Plains (R067XY002CO) Typical profile 0 to 9 inches: Loam 9 to 20 inches: Loam, clay loam 20 to 60 inches: Loam, silt loam, fine sandy loam Minor Components Ascalon Percent of map unit: 4 percent Kim Percent of map unit: 3 percent Stoneham Percent of map unit: 2 percent Aquic haplustolls Percent of map unit: 1 percent Landform: Swales Custom Soil Resource Report 16 37—Fort Collins loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 4,800 to 5,500 feet Mean annual precipitation: 13 to 15 inches Mean annual air temperature: 48 to 50 degrees F Frost-free period: 135 to 150 days Map Unit Composition Fort collins and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 15 percent Description of Fort Collins Setting Landform: Fans, terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Base slope, riser Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Alluvium Properties and qualities Slope: 5 to 9 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high (0.60 to 2.00 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 15 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water capacity: Very high (about 26.4 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Farmland of statewide importance Land capability classification (irrigated): 4e Land capability (nonirrigated): 4e Hydrologic Soil Group: B Ecological site: Loamy Plains (R067XY002CO) Typical profile 0 to 6 inches: Loam 6 to 18 inches: Loam, clay loam 18 to 60 inches: Loam, silt loam, fine sandy loam Minor Components Larimer Percent of map unit: 8 percent Custom Soil Resource Report 17 Stoneham Percent of map unit: 3 percent Kim Percent of map unit: 3 percent Aquic haplustolls Percent of map unit: 1 percent Landform: Swales 73—Nunn clay loam, 0 to 1 percent slope Map Unit Setting Elevation: 4,800 to 5,600 feet Mean annual precipitation: 13 to 15 inches Mean annual air temperature: 48 to 50 degrees F Frost-free period: 135 to 150 days Map Unit Composition Nunn and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 15 percent Description of Nunn Setting Landform: Fans, stream terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Base slope, tread Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Alluvium Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 1 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 15 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water capacity: Very high (about 18.9 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated Land capability classification (irrigated): 2s Land capability (nonirrigated): 3s Hydrologic Soil Group: C Custom Soil Resource Report 18 Typical profile 0 to 10 inches: Clay loam 10 to 60 inches: Clay loam, clay Minor Components Fort collins Percent of map unit: 6 percent Ulm Percent of map unit: 5 percent Mollic halaquepts Percent of map unit: 2 percent Landform: Terraces Satanta Percent of map unit: 2 percent 74—Nunn clay loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 4,800 to 5,600 feet Mean annual precipitation: 13 to 15 inches Mean annual air temperature: 48 to 50 degrees F Frost-free period: 135 to 150 days Map Unit Composition Nunn and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 15 percent Description of Nunn Setting Landform: Fans, terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Base slope, tread Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Alluvium Properties and qualities Slope: 1 to 3 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 15 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Custom Soil Resource Report 19 Available water capacity: Very high (about 18.9 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated Land capability classification (irrigated): 2e Land capability (nonirrigated): 3e Hydrologic Soil Group: C Typical profile 0 to 10 inches: Clay loam 10 to 60 inches: Clay loam, clay Minor Components Ulm Percent of map unit: 9 percent Satanta Percent of map unit: 5 percent Mollic halaquepts Percent of map unit: 1 percent Landform: Terraces 76—Nunn clay loam, wet, 1 to 3 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 4,800 to 5,600 feet Mean annual precipitation: 13 to 15 inches Mean annual air temperature: 48 to 50 degrees F Frost-free period: 135 to 150 days Map Unit Composition Nunn, wet, and similar soils: 90 percent Minor components: 10 percent Description of Nunn, Wet Setting Landform: Alluvial fans, stream terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Base slope, tread Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Alluvium Properties and qualities Slope: 1 to 3 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.60 in/hr) Depth to water table: About 24 to 36 inches Custom Soil Resource Report 20 Frequency of flooding: Rare Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 10 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water capacity: Very high (about 19.8 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated Land capability classification (irrigated): 2w Land capability (nonirrigated): 3s Hydrologic Soil Group: C Typical profile 0 to 10 inches: Clay loam 10 to 47 inches: Clay loam, clay 47 to 60 inches: Clay loam, loam, gravelly sandy loam Minor Components Heldt Percent of map unit: 6 percent Dacono Percent of map unit: 3 percent Mollic halaquepts Percent of map unit: 1 percent Landform: Swales Custom Soil Resource Report 21 Soil Information for All Uses Soil Reports The Soil Reports section includes various formatted tabular and narrative reports (tables) containing data for each selected soil map unit and each component of each unit. No aggregation of data has occurred as is done in reports in the Soil Properties and Qualities and Suitabilities and Limitations sections. The reports contain soil interpretive information as well as basic soil properties and qualities. A description of each report (table) is included. Soil Erosion This folder contains a collection of tabular reports that present soil erosion factors and groupings. The reports (tables) include all selected map units and components for each map unit. Soil erosion factors are soil properties and interpretations used in evaluating the soil for potential erosion. Example soil erosion factors can include K factor for the whole soil or on a rock free basis, T factor, wind erodibility group and wind erodibility index. RUSLE2 Related Attributes This report summarizes those soil attributes used by the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation Version 2 (RUSLE2) for the map units in the selected area. The report includes the map unit symbol, the component name, and the percent of the component in the map unit. Soil property data for each map unit component include the hydrologic soil group, erosion factors Kf for the surface horizon, erosion factor T, and the representative percentage of sand, silt, and clay in the surface horizon. Report—RUSLE2 Related Attributes 22 RUSLE2 Related Attributes– Larimer County Area, Colorado Map symbol and soil name Pct. of map unit Slope length (ft) Hydrologic group Kf T factor Representative value % Sand % Silt % Clay 3—Altvan-Satanta loams, 0 to 3 percent slopes Altvan 45 — B .28 4 42.4 38.1 19.5 Satanta 30 — B .28 5 43.0 39.5 17.5 Larim 10 — — — — — — — Nunn 10 — — — — — — — Stoneham 5 — — — — — — — 22—Caruso clay loam, 0 to 1 percent slope Caruso 85 — C .20 4 35.4 33.6 31.0 Loveland 9 — — — — — — — Fluvaquents 6 — — — — — — — 35—Fort Collins loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes Fort collins 85 — B .28 5 44.3 40.7 15.0 Larim 8 — — — — — — — Ascalon 7 — — — — — — — 36—Fort Collins loam, 3 to 5 percent slopes Fort collins 90 — B .28 5 44.3 40.7 15.0 Ascalon 4 — — — — — — — Kim 3 — — — — — — — Stoneham 2 — — — — — — — Aquic haplustolls 1 — — — — — — — 37—Fort Collins loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes Fort collins 85 — B .28 5 44.3 40.7 15.0 Larimer 8 — — — — — — — Kim 3 — — — — — — — Stoneham 3 — — — — — — — Aquic haplustolls 1 — — — — — — — 73—Nunn clay loam, 0 to 1 percent slope Nunn 85 — C .20 5 35.4 33.6 31.0 Fort collins 6 — — — — — — — Ulm 5 — — — — — — — Mollic halaquepts 2 — — — — — — — Satanta 2 — — — — — — — Custom Soil Resource Report 23 RUSLE2 Related Attributes– Larimer County Area, Colorado Map symbol and soil name Pct. of map unit Slope length (ft) Hydrologic group Kf T factor Representative value % Sand % Silt % Clay 74—Nunn clay loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes Nunn 85 — C .20 5 35.4 33.6 31.0 Ulm 9 — — — — — — — Satanta 5 — — — — — — — Mollic halaquepts 1 — — — — — — — 76—Nunn clay loam, wet, 1 to 3 percent slopes Nunn, wet 90 — C .17 5 35.4 33.6 31.0 Heldt 6 — — — — — — — Dacono 3 — — — — — — — Mollic halaquepts 1 — — — — — — — Custom Soil Resource Report 24 References American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). 2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling and testing. 24th edition. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00. Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of wetlands and deep-water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FWS/OBS-79/31. Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States. Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States. Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric soils in the United States. National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries. Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://soils.usda.gov/ Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http://soils.usda.gov/ Soil Survey Staff. 2006. Keys to soil taxonomy. 10th edition. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http://soils.usda.gov/ Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands Section. United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical Report Y-87-1. United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National forestry manual. http://soils.usda.gov/ United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National range and pasture handbook. http://www.glti.nrcs.usda.gov/ United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. http://soils.usda.gov/ United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 296. http://soils.usda.gov/ 25 United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. Custom Soil Resource Report 26 StormWater Management Controls PART 3 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 1 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 “The SWMP must include a description of all stormwater management controls that will be implemented as part of the construction activity to control pollutants in stormwater discharges. The appropriateness and priorities of stormwater management controls in the SWMP shall reflect the potential pollutant sources identified at the facility.” 3-a. SWMP Administrator In accordance with the Colorado CGP a SWMP administrator must be designated for each permitted project. The SWMP administrator is a representative that maintains day-to-day responsibility for all StormWater related activities associated with a permitted construction site. Alternately, the permittee may designate a regional or area contact responsible for a group of permitted sites. This representative will be the primary contact and coordinator of StormWater activities on the site(s). Site Contact: Name: Title: Phone: Email: 3-b. Potential Pollution Sources The permitted site must be evaluated for all potential sources of pollution to StormWater runoff. An appropriate series of structural, non-structural and procedural BMP’s must be selected to minimize off site impact. See table 3-b in Appendix A for a detailed listing and location of potential pollution sources. The following have been evaluated for this site: 1) All disturbed and stored soils; 2) Vehicle tracking of sediments; 3) Management of contaminated soils; 4) Loading and unloading operations; 5) Outdoor storage activities (building materials, fertilizers, chemicals, etc.); 6) Vehicle and equipment maintenance and fueling; 7) Significant dust or particulate generating processes; 8) Routine maintenance activities involving fertilizers, pesticides, detergents, fuels, solvents, oils, etc. 9) On-site waste management practices (waste piles, liquid wastes, dumpsters, etc.); 10) Concrete truck/equipment washing, including the concrete truck chute and associated fixtures and equipment; 11) Non-industrial waste sources such as worker trash and portable toilets; and 12) Adjacent offsite activities with run-on potential 13) Other areas or procedures where potential spills can occur. 3-c. Best Management Practices (BMPs) for Stormwater Pollution Prevention This section identifies and describes appropriate BMPs that will be implemented at the permitted site to reduce the potential of the sources identified in Part 3-b of this SWMP to contribute pollutants to stormwater discharges. BMP’s for this project include a series of Procedural, Structural and Non-structural BMP’s designed to minimize erosion, sediment transport and pollution impact on StormWater runoff. Installation and maintenance details are contained in Appendix B of this SWMP. The majority of BMP details implemented for this project are provided by “Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3, Chapter 7”. StormWater Management Controls PART 3 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 2 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 1) Structural Practices for Erosion and Sediment Control Structural Practices are implemented at a site to minimize erosion and sediment transport. Practices may include, but are not limited to: wattles/sediment control logs, silt fence, cut back curb, rock/curb, concrete washouts, drainage swales, sediment traps, subsurface drains systems, inlet protection, outlet protection, and permanent water quality features. Structural practices that will or may be used on this project are: Sediment Control Log/Wattle (SCL): Sediment Control Log is a rolled fiber product encased in a bio or photo degradable netting designed for sediment control usually at the perimeter of disturbance. Wattle can also be used as a channel check in low flow areas or for slope length reduction. Fibers contained in the roll are typically straw, wood or mulch/ compost. Wattles are installed by trenching slightly (1-2”), ensuring the installation area is free from obstructions and securing it to the ground with the use of wooden stakes or landscape pins to prevent movement. Wattles will be used on this project as sediment control devices at the back of curb and areas along the project perimeter. They may also be used as outlet/culvert protection, ditch or swale checks or other perimeter or drainage control applications. Exact location of this BMP will be indicated on the Site Map in Part 2 of this SWMP. Silt Fence (SF): Silt Fence is a sediment control device consisting of a geotextile fabric secured to wooden stakes with staples and trenched in the ground approximately 6” leaving approximately 18” to 30” vertical height above ground. Typical uses are as perimeter sediment control or as a primary containment BMP around storage areas, stockpiles etc. Silt Fence is installed by creating a trench, burying approximately 6” of geotextile material in a L or J pattern tailed up slope, placing the supporting stakes on the down-slope side of the material, securing the geotextile to the stakes with staples then backfilling and compacting the trench. Silt Fence may be used as a project perimeter control, however, the primary use for this project will be as a sediment control around stockpiles that remain for an extended duration. Exact location of this BMP will be indicated on the Site Map in Part 2 of this SWMP. Erosion Control Blanket or rolled erosion products (ECB/ TRM): Erosion Control Blanket (ECB) is a rolled erosion control product made up of biodegradeable materials, straw, coconut or synthetic fibers. Turf Reinforcement Mat or TRM is similar to an ECB but made to withstand greater stresses such as traffic, extended life or continuous and frequent water flow. They are bound in a flat “blanket” by poly or natural fiber netting. The blankets are available in both biodegradable and photodegradable varieties. ECB/TRM come in a variety of sizes, lengths, strength and flow ratings for varying applications. The most common uses are flow rated blankets in channels to prevent scour erosion or to stabilize and slopes greater than 3:1. They also are an effective vegetation aid providing a protective mulch layer over seeded areas. StormWater Management Controls PART 3 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 3 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Erosion control blankets are not planned for use on this project. Should their use be required, the SWMP document and Site Maps will be updated accordingly. Inlet Protection (IP): Inlet protection is a device consisting of a permeable barrier installed around and inlet to filter runoff and remove sediment, typically comprised of 1.5” angular rock wrapped in a chicken wire mesh to form a roll approx 6” in diameter and varying lengths. Other varieties of inlet protection can be construction from rock socks, sediment control logs, silt fence, or other materials approved by the local jurisdiction. The inlet protection should be secured firmly in front of/around the inlet with a spacing device at the inlet opening to prevent the BMP from being pushed or sliding into the inlet. A sufficient overflow opening should be left to prevent flooding during high flow situations. The basic design applies to curb and drop style inlets in paved or non-paved areas. Sump and Area Inlet Protection will be used on all storm drain inlets impacted by runoff from disturbed areas. Some inlet protection may be outside the disturbed area where offsite impact may be likely to occur. A variety of inlet protection designs are available for use. The specification for the type used on this project shall be located in the BMP specifications section of this SWMP. Exact location of this BMP will be indicated on the Site Map in Part 2 of this SWMP. Rock Socks (RS), or Curb Socks (CS): Rock Socks are typically comprised of 1.5” angular rock contained in either wire or geotextile material to form a tube. The primary function of the checks is to slow the flow rate of runoff and filter stormwater discharges. Rock Socks are primarily for sediment control in curb lines, as inlet protection or outlet protection. Rock Socks can also be used to reduce velocity and filter out sediment in channels, swales and in curb lines as small check dams. Rock Socks implemented during this project will be installed as a sediment control in the curb line downgradient from areas of disturbance, and also as a sediment controls around material storage/staging areas, and at the curb line at project perimeter(s). They may also be used as sediment control devices in swales and channels within the disturbed area. Exact location of this BMP will be indicated on the Site Map in Part 2 of this SWMP. Outlet/Inlet Protection (OP): Outlet or Inlet Protection consists of 4-6” rip rap with geotextile material underlayment placed at the inlet or outlet of drainage pipe, culvert or in other areas where higher velocity flows may be present. Outlet/Inlet Protection are designed to reduce erosion and sediment transport by reducing velocity and aiding sediment deposition. Designs may vary based on flow volume and velocity and may include varying size rock or possible grouting of the rip rap. Outlet/Inlet Protection are planned for use on this project. Such protection may consist of either Sediment Control Logs (SCL) or Rock Check Bags (RC). Exact location of this BMP will be indicated on the Site Map in Part 2 of this SWMP. StormWater Management Controls PART 3 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 4 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Concrete Washout Area (CWA): The concrete washout area is designed to capture and contain all washout waters. It is typically an unlined pit in the ground with a VTC entrance where all washout waters from the site are deposited. The permit allows for the waters to discharge to the ground or evaporation of liquid waste. All hardened concrete waste is then disposed of as solid waste in accordance with local regulations. In areas of high water table a poly liner or portable concrete waste bin shall be used. The planned location(s) of the CWA(s) is shown on the Site Maps in Part 2 of this SWMP. Due to the nature of construction activities the location may change. If the CWA must be re-located, the new location will be clearly shown on the Site Map in Part 2 of this SWMP and placed away from drainage ways, flowlines and inlets. The CWA(s) will be located where it can be easily accessed adjacent to construction activities. Additional concrete washouts will be added to the site as needed. Cut Back Curb (CBC): Cut back curb BMP’s are utilized for perimeter sediment and runoff control around the perimeter of building lots typically behind a curb or sidewalk. The CBC is made by excavating earth material to form a shallow trench. The trench may vary in size and shape (see specification for details and dimensions). The cut is typically directly behind the curb or sidewalk and is designed to capture runoff and sediment from the building lot and prevent discharge to paved areas. To protect curb and sidewalk installations the trench is sometimes set back one foot or more into the lot to prevent pooling near concrete or pavement installations that may compromise the concrete installation. If the CBC is set back, the trench will be cut in such a way that all runoff will flow into the BMP. CBC is not intended for use in areas with low rate of infiltration as this may lead to excessive discharge. CBC is also not intended for sloped lots greater than 5% as this will lead to concentration of flow and increased erosion potential. CBC shall be inspected regularly for signs of sediment accumulation, erosion or failure of the BMP. Repairs shall include cleaning out excess sediment, repairing erosion or points of failure and returning the CBC to original specification. Cut Back Curb (CBC) is planned for use as the primary perimeter control on this project. The BMP shall be placed directly behind the curb or sidewalk and is planned for implementation prior to any demolition activities. Exact location of this BMP will be indicated on the Site Map in Part 2 of this SWMP. Sand Filter Basin: Sand Filter Basins are permanent water quality features that consists of a runoff storage zone underlain by a sand bed with an underdrain system. Accumulated runoff accumulates in the pond/surcharge zone and gradually infiltrates into the sand bed below. The underdrain gradually dewaters the sand bed and discharges the runoff to nearby channels, swales, or storm sewers. Sand Filter Basins are planned for use at several locations throughout the site. Install locations are shown on the Site Maps in Part 2 of this SWMP. Rain Garden: Rain Gardens are permanent water quality features that function as small scale bio-retention ponds. Rain Gardens consist of a vegetated or stone ponding area, mulch layer, soil layer, sand bed, and gravel base. The system filters pollutants from stormwater, allowing it to infiltrate into the groundwater supply. Water retained in the ponding area is absorbed into the soil StormWater Management Controls PART 3 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 5 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 layer where runoff is stored prior to infiltrating to deeper ground. Runoff then filters through a layer of nonwoven geotextile material before seeping into a bed of sand for additional filtering. Lastly, the water is received into a stone base, which allows the water to drain into the ground below. Rain Gardens area planned for use at several locations throughout the site. Install locations are shown on the Site Maps in Part 2 of this SWMP 2) Non-Structural Practices for Erosion and Sediment Control Non-Structural Practices are implemented at a site to minimize erosion and sediment transport. Non-structural practices may include, but are not limited to: temporary vegetation, permanent vegetation, mulching, geotextiles, landscaping, hardscape, sod stabilization, surface roughening, and preservation of mature vegetation. Non- Structural practices for this project are: Temporary and Permanent Seeding/Vegetation: Temporary and Permanent seeding of disturbed areas provides stabilization where vegetation was stripped for construction activity. Seeding is usually performed by ripping the area with a disc or similar process, applying seed (per local seed mix requirements) and applying/ crimping straw mulch (usually 2 tons per acre) over the seeded area. In some applications a tackifiers may be used to anchor the straw mulch in place. Seeding disturbed areas creates plant growth which stabilizes the soils and helps prevent erosion and sediment transport. Proper seed mix and application are essential to obtaining quick growth of grasses while minimizing the opportunity for weed growth. In additional to maintenance called for in the seeding specification, mowing operations may be required to minimize weed growth and promote the healthy growth of grasses. The practice is effective on slopes up to 3:1 and where rocky conditions are not present. Temporary Seeding (TS) may be used on disturbed areas not planned for activity within 30 days. If needed, areas receiving Temporary Seeding will be indicated on the Site Map in Part 2 of this SWMP. Permanent Seeding (PS) shall be used in tracts and common areas of the project. Exact location of this BMP will be indicated on the Site Map in Part 2 of this SWMP. Surface Roughening (SR): Surface Roughening is the practice of breaking up soils in disturbed areas as a method of temporary stabilization and is used as a short term practice where temporary seeding is not practical or during active construction. The practice includes ripping or scarring the surface of disturbed soils to increase surface area and infiltration. Surface Roughening acts to reduce erosion and sediment transport by minimizing the impacts from runoff. Many methods can be used and include utilization of a disc, dragging teeth from a loader bucket parallel to the slope or track walking up and down the slope so as to not channel and concentrate runoff flows. Surface Roughening will be utilized on disturbed areas during interim periods and when awaiting application of temporary seeding or landscaping. It will also be used on lots during active construction once the foundation excavation and backfill are complete. Areas utilizing Surface Roughening will be indicated on the Site Map in Part 2 of this SWMP. StormWater Management Controls PART 3 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 6 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Street Sweeping (SW): Soils tracked or otherwise deposited on paved surfaces will be scraped or swept on a regular basis to prevent sediment transport in runoff waters. Areas where soil clumps are stuck to the paved surface should be scraped prior to sweeping. Sweeping can be performed by hand or utilizing mechanical sweepers. Materials should be captured by the sweeper and deposited in an area contained by perimeter BMPs or removed and disposed of offsite. Street sweeping and/or scraping will occur on a regular basis to keep paved and other hard surfaces reasonably free from sediment accumulation. The schedule shall be increased or decreased based on site conditions. Landscaping: Landscaping consisting of a combination of rock, mulch, sod, trees, shrubs, bushes, sidewalks etc are applied to areas of disturbance. Landscaping meets the final stabilization criteria of the permit. Refer to the landscape plan available at the construction office for specific locations of the various materials. Landscaped areas will be marked as final stabilized on the site map upon completion. Landscaping is planned for tracts, and perimeter areas of the project. See Landscape Plan held by the builder for details. Hardscaping: Hardscaping consisting of asphalt paving will be implemented throughout the project as a form of final stabilization. The majority of hardscaping will include the paving of retail parking lots. Hardscaped areas will be marked as final stabilized on the site map upon completion Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC): Vehicle tracking controls (VTC) provide stabilized construction access where vehicles exit the site onto paved roads. An effective vehicle tracking control helps remove sediment (mud or dirt) from vehicles, reducing tracking onto paved surfaces. 1. A routine sweeping schedule 2. A VTC consisting of 6” minus rock/coarse aggregat with geotextile underlayment combined with street sweeping. (typically used in areas with heavy construction traffic or at the main ingress/egress point to a development site.) The Vehicle tracking control shall be implemented as necessary and be inspected on a routine basis for proper operation. Routine maintenance may include sweeping hard surfaces and adding or re-distributing rock. Vehicle tracking controls shall be implemented to access development areas as needed. The exact location may vary based on construction access needs. Exact location shall be indicated on the site map located in Part 2 of this SWMP indicating use of VTC and the appropriate numeric method of control (example; VTC-1 would indicate street sweeping) 3. A rock access pad consisting of 1.5” rock placed at the point of ingress/ egress combined with street sweeping. (typically used when there is limited/ light vehicle traffic, to access small storage areas or individual lots or when space does not allow for a full VTC. 3) Phased BMP Implementation StormWater Management Controls PART 3 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 7 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 BMP phasing is important to the project both from an erosion and sediment control perspective as well as from a cost and budget standpoint. Proper timing of the BMP’s insures that affects of pollution are minimized and are not destroyed by construction activity. Project phases can include, initial (pre-construction), demolition, flatwork, and final. Phasing and BMP implementation for this project is detailed in Table 1-b located in Appendix A and in Section 1-b in Part 1 of this SWMP. 4) Materials Handling and Spill Prevention Materials handling and spill prevention practices must be implemented at the site to minimize impacts from procedures or significant materials (see definitions below) that could contribute pollutants to runoff. Such procedures or significant materials could include: exposed storage of building materials; paints and solvents; fertilizers or chemicals; waste material; and equipment maintenance or fueling procedures. Storage capacity in aggregate that exceeds 1320 US Gal requires separate permitting and plan implementation, commonly referred to as a SPCC plan. Significant Materials include, but are not limited to: raw materials; fuels; materials such as solvents, detergents, and plastic pellets; finished materials such as metallic products; raw materials used in food processing or production; hazardous substances designated under section 101(14) of CERCLA; any chemical the facility is required to report pursuant to Section 313 of title III of SARA; fertilizers; pesticides; and waste products such as ashes, slag and sludge that have the potential to be released with stormwater discharge. • Materials storage and staging areas will be marked on the site map located in Part 2 of this SWMP. Materials handling details for this site are described in Table 3-c.4 located in Appendix A of this SWMP. • In the case of small spills on site, amounts totaling less than the reportable quantity, the area should be contained to prevent contaminants from spreading or migrating in runoff waters. Clean up and dispose of material in accordance with local regulations as soon as possible. The local waste disposal facility should be contacted for more information as disposal requirements may vary. Note the location, approximate amount along with date and cleanup/ disposal procedures in the SWMP. A list of waste disposal companies is located in Appendix C • A spill kit be kept on site or be readily available in case of a spill. Kits usually contain an absorbent material, gloves, plastic bags, a sealable container etc. • Discharges in excess of the reportable quantities must be reported in accordance with Federal and State requirements. A table of reportable quantities and reporting procedures are located in Appendix C of this SWMP. 5) Dedicated Concrete or Asphalt Batch Plants There are no dedicated concrete or asphalt batch plants associated with this project. 6) Vehicle Tracking Control Areas where Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC) will be used are marked on the site map in Part 2 of this SWMP. Practices implemented for this site to control vehicle tracking include: minimizing site access, street sweeping or scraping, tracking pads at active areas where needed and VTC’s from hard surfaces to active development areas. Specifications for VTC can be found in Appendix B of this SWMP. See vehicle tracking control details in the non-structural controls section above. StormWater Management Controls PART 3 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 8 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 7) Waste Management and Disposal, Including Concrete Washout i) Construction Waste Disposal Construction waste will be collected in roll-off style dumpsters or other similar trash containers. Trash containers will be emptied on a regular basis. Covered trash bins may be required in areas prone to high winds. All containers will be located in close proximity to areas of construction activity. Trash containers must be located on pervious surfaces and behind any perimeter BMPs that may be present. Any drainage holes should be plugged if there is potential for discharge. Loose trash should be picked up daily or as noted on site inspection reports and placed in appropriate containers. Waste disposal services will be scheduled on a regular basis and should occur when containers reach 75% of capacity. No materials may be buried on site. All materials must be disposed of at an authorized disposal facility. Hazardous materials may not be disposed of in trash containers (liquids, fuels, oil, solvents, paint, concrete etc.). Follow Materials Handling procedures described in Part 3-c.4 of this SWMP. ii) Concrete Washout Area A Concrete Washout Area (CWA) is planned for use on this site to manage concrete wash waters and waste. [The optimal location will be determined once activities begin. The location will be marked on the site map in Part 2 of this SWMP.] The CWA should be placed away from the street, flow lines and inlets in a location that minimizes the potential to discharge pollutants. Specifications for CWA installation, maintenance can be found in Appendix B of this SWMP. iii) Concrete Washout Area – Wash Waters and Waste Disposal Part I.D.3.c of the permit authorizes the conditional discharge of concrete washout water to the ground. The CWA will be installed per the specification located in Appendix B of this SWMP. There are no anticipated issues with high water tables or surface waters on this site. Concrete wash waters will either infiltrate into the ground or evaporate as allowed by the permit. All remaining dried concrete will be removed from the CWA and hauled off site as part of the regular solid waste disposal practices. The Concrete Washout Area will not be placed where there is potential for discharge to the street, inlets or any waterway. iv) Sanitary Sewer/ Portable Toilets Portable Toilets will be located throughout the construction site. All portable toilets will be placed on pervious surfaces behind perimeter BMP’s at least 5-10 ft behind the curb and 50 ft from any inlet. Units should also be located away from any flow lines or surface waters. They will be anchored at the corners with stakes or similar method to prevent the units from tipping or blowing over. A regular cleanout schedule will be maintained. Any spills resulting from maintenance of the units will be cleaned up by the sanitary service contractor and hauled offsite. The location of all sanitary services will be marked on the site map in Part 2 of this SWMP and will be maintained by the SWMP administrator. 8) Groundwater and Stormwater Dewatering There are no dewatering activities scheduled for this site. i) If dewatering activities are required at this site this section of the SWMP must be amended to describe the nature of the allowable dewatering activities. The StormWater Management Controls PART 3 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 9 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 location of dewatering activities must be added to the site map in Part 2 of this SWMP. ii) Part I.D.3.d of the permit authorizes the conditional discharge of construction dewatering to the ground. Practices will be used that will ensure that no groundwater from construction dewatering is discharged from the site as surface runoff or to surface waters. If a separate dewatering permit is obtained for this site, a copy of the permit will be placed in Appendix D and the location of the permitted area will be indicated on the site map in Part 2 of this SWMP. 9) Dust Control Due to the size and duration of major activities on this site, significant dust generation is not anticipated to be an issue. In general the following guidelines should be followed during periods of high winds: • Limit street sweeping activities • Restrict major grading or excavation activities • Restrict stockpile activity • Controlling vehicle speed on unpaved areas If activities must proceed during periods of high winds then appropriate dust suppression techniques should be implemented to minimize the transport of dust. Such techniques may include water application, use of a water truck for larger areas or use of tackifiers or similar soil binding products. An Air Pollution Emission Notice (APEN) is not required for this site. The amount of open disturbance shall be limited to meet dust control guidelines under the permit. Final Stabilization and Long-Term Stormwater Management Controls PART 4 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 1 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 4-a. Final Stabilization Final stabilization of all disturbed areas is required by the permit after construction activities are completed. Final stabilization methods may include asphalt paving, permanent seeding, landscaping, or similar. Final stabilization is reached when all ground surface disturbing activities at the site have been completed, and uniform vegetative cover has been established with an individual plant density of at least 70 percent of pre-disturbance levels. Appropriate erosion and sediment control measures must be maintained in all areas until final stabilization is achieved. Once the final stabilization criteria are met, an Inactivation Notice must be filed with the state to insure termination of permit coverage on the site. Follow the instructions on the Inactivation Notice and submit to the Division immediately once the site is determined to meet the final stabilization criteria. 4-b. Final Stabilization Practices Final stabilization on this project will consist of a combination of Asphalt Paving (hardscape), Landscaping, and Temporary or Permanent Seeding. The primary form of final stabilization for this project will be Asphalt paving. See plat plans held by developer for details and locations of final stabilization methods. Final stabilization for this project will proceed as follows: 1. Landscaping Limited areas of the project are planned for landscaping stabilization. Such areas may include around or near drainage & water quality features, tracts, and around planned retail buildings and future residential lots. Weather may delay landscaping. If delays occur, temporary measures should be used such as Erosion Control Blankets, Wattles, inlet protection or other erosion and sediment controls until weather permits landscaping activities to proceed. All erosion and sediment control measures in these areas will be removed at the commencement of landscaping activities. Coverage will consist of a combination of sod, rock, trees, mulch and shrubs etc. See landscape plans held by the developer for details. 2. Soil Amendment Procedures Soils in areas receiving plant materials, including but not limited to grass, seed, flowers, shrubs or trees shall be thoroughly loosened to a depth of no less than 8 inches. Soil amendments shall be thoroughly incorporated into the soil of such areas mentioned above to a depth of 6 inches by tilling, discing or other suitable method, at a rate of 3 cubic yards of soil amendment per one thousand square feet of area to be planted, unless at least four inches of loose top soil has been placed on the area after completion of construction activity on top of not less than four inches of loosened subgrade soils. Documentation of the content and quantity of the soil amendments and top soil placed in an area, prepared by the commercial source of the material or a qualified soils testing laboratory, shall be submitted in connection with the certificate of occupancy as required in Subsection 12-132(b) of the City of Fort Collins City Code. Final Stabilization and Long-Term Stormwater Management Controls PART 4 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 2 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 3. Temporary or Permanent Seeding Temporary or Permanent Seeding shall be used in all areas not planned for another type of stabilization method listed in this section. Areas where another developer/owner will take possession within 60 – 90 days of completion shall be stabilized using temporary seeding and mulch application. All areas not planned for immediate turnover shall receive permanent seed and mulch application. Other areas where Permanent Seeding may be applied are drainage features, tracts and water quality features where natural vegetation is desired. On steeper slopes greater than 3:1, erosion control blanket may be used in place of mulch applications. Seed mix will conform to local requirements for either temporary or permanent seeding. The following seed mixes shall be utilized on site. Variations from the following seed mixes will be approved by the City of Fort Collins prior to installation. SOURCE: Urban Drainage and Flood Control District Criteria Manual Volume 3 4. Paving/ Hardscaping Paving or hardscaping is planned for a large portion of the project. This shall include installation of parking lots, sidewalks, walkways, driveways and other walking paths. See plat plans held by developer for details and location for this method of stabilization. 5. Temporary Controls Temporary erosion and sediment control measures will be maintained or installed on all un-stabilized areas until final stabilization criteria are met. Such controls may include velocity control devices, perimeter controls, inlet protection, culvert/outfall protection, surface roughening or any other BMP utilized for this project as necessary. All temporary controls shall be removed upon completion of landscaping and/or final stabilization. Final Stabilization and Long-Term Stormwater Management Controls PART 4 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 3 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 4-c. Post Construction BMPs and Long Term Stormwater Management A series of permanent post construction BMPs will remain on the site after all construction activities have ceased and until the site has reached final stabilization requirements. The purpose of the structures is to capture and convey StormWater runoff in a non-erosive manner and reduce potential pollutants after construction is complete. Post construction BMPs may include but are not limited to: water quality features, storm drain systems, swales and natural depressions and velocity dissipating devices. Refer to Table 4-c in Appendix A of this SWMP for post construction BMPs planned for use on this site. Inspection and Maintenance PART 5 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 1 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 5-a. Inspection Site inspections will be conducted in accordance with the CGP and local regulations. The requirements are detailed in this section as specified in Part 1.D.6 & 1.D.7 of the permit and represent the minimum inspection schedule for this site. The permittee is responsible for proper implementation and maintenance of BMP’s which may require more frequent inspections in some situations. In addition to state requirements this project must comply with the requirements of the City of Fort Collins. 1. Inspection Schedule-Upon initial BMP installation & during Active Construction This project is located within the City of Fort Collins, County of Larimer. The named jurisdictions follow the guidelines of the CDPHE regarding inspection schedule. The inspection schedule for this site will be every 14 days and within 24 hours after each storm event that causes surface erosion in accordance with state and local regulations. 2. Inspection Schedule – Inactive Site and/or awaiting final stabilization The inspection schedule for this site for periods of inactivity or while awaiting final stabilization will be once per month. No exceptions to the inspection schedule are anticipated for this project. Inspection and maintenance records are located in Appendix F. 5-b. Inspection Requirements 1. Inspection Scope At a minimum, the following will be evaluated during each inspection: • Site perimeter • All disturbed areas • Material and waste storage areas • Discharge locations • Locations where vehicles access the site will be evaluated for evidence of, or the potential for: o Pollutants leaving the site boundary o Entering Stormwater drainage system o Discharging to state waters • All erosion and sediment control devices in use or identified for use by the SWMP 2. Inspection Report/ Records A copy of the inspection form is supplied in Appendix F of this SWMP. Inspection reports must identify all incidents of non-compliance with the terms and conditions of the permit. Inspection records shall be kept along with the SWMP for a period of three years following the termination of the permit. At a minimum the inspection report must include the following: • The inspection date • Name(s) and title(s) of personnel making the inspection; • Location(s) of discharges of sediment or other pollutants from the site; • Location(s) of BMPs that need to be maintained; Inspection and Maintenance PART 5 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 2 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 • Location(s) of BMPs that failed to operate as designed or proved inadequate for a particular location; • Location(s) where additional BMPs are needed that were not in place at the time of inspection; • Deviations from the minimum inspection schedule as provided in Part I.D.6.a above; • Description of corrective action for items iii, iv, v, and vi, above, dates corrective action(s) taken, and measures taken to prevent future violations, including requisite changes to the SWMP, as necessary; and • After adequate corrective action(s) has been taken, or where a report does not identify any incidents requiring corrective action, the report shall contain a signed statement indicating the site is in compliance with the permit to the best of the signer’s knowledge and belief. 5-c. Required Actions Following Site Inspections Where site inspections note the need for BMP maintenance activities, BMPs must be maintained in accordance with the SWMP and Part I.D.7 of the permit. Repair, replacement, or installation of new BMPs determined necessary during site inspections to address ineffective or inadequate BMPs must be conducted in accordance with Part I.D.8 of the permit. BMP repairs/changes and/or modification shall occur as soon as possible, immediately in most cases as stated in the state permit. SWMP updates required as a result of deficiencies in the SWMP noted during site inspections shall be made in accordance with Part I.D.5.c of the permit and shall occur following any changes as soon as possible but no later than 72 hours following a change as stated in the state permit. 5-d. Maintenance All erosion and sediment control practices and other protective measures identified in the SWMP must be maintained in effective operating condition. Proper selection and installation of BMPs and implementation of comprehensive Inspection and Maintenance procedures, in accordance with the SWMP, should be adequate to meet this condition. BMPs that are not adequately maintained in accordance with good engineering, hydrologic and pollution control practices, including removal of collected sediment outside the acceptable tolerances of the BMPs, are considered to be no longer operating effectively and must be addressed in accordance with Part I.D.8 of the permit. A specific timeline for implementing maintenance procedures is not included in this permit because BMP maintenance is expected to be proactive, not responsive. Observations resulting in BMP maintenance activities can be made during a site inspection, or during general observations of site conditions. In general, all BMPs should be maintained when they are not performing as designed or in accordance with the maintenance guidelines defined on the individual specifications located in Appendix B of this SWMP. 5-e. BMP Replacement and Failed BMPs BMPs are assessed during site inspections. If it is determined that new or replacement BMPs are necessary, the BMPs must be installed to ensure compliance with Part I.D.2 of the permit. Where BMPs have failed, resulting in noncompliance with Part I.D.2, they must be addressed as soon as possible, immediately in most cases, to minimize the discharge of pollutants. When new BMPs are installed or BMPs are replaced, the SWMP must be updated to reflect the changes. Inspection and Maintenance PART 5 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 3 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 5-f. Qualified Inspector(s) While an official certification is not required by the permit, inspectors should have good working knowledge of the regulations and industry Stormwater practices. A “Qualified Inspector” is an individual who is knowledgeable in the principals and practice of erosion and sediment controls. They would also possess the skills to asses and anticipate site conditions and analyze BMP functionality that could impact Stormwater runoff. Formal inspector training is highly recommended. Qualified personnel may hold a certification such as CISEC (certified inspector for sediment and erosion control) or CPESC (certified professional in sediment and erosion control). The inspector’s training records and/ or certifications are located in Appendix D. Terms and Conditions, Other PART 6 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 1 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 6U-a. Reporting The Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) and the City of Fort Collins reserves the right to request reporting for a given site. Terms and conditions are at the discretion of the CDPHE and the City of Fort Collins. No reporting requirements are anticipated for this site. 6U-b. SWMP Availability It is best practice to keep the SWMP on site whenever possible. When it is not practical to do so, the SWMP should be stored in a location where it is easily accessible when needed for updates or at the request of a regulator. Approval must be obtained from the division(s) if a location offsite is selected. The SWMP for this project will be located: Location: Address: Contact: If the SWMP is required to be submitted to a regulator or permitting authority, it must include a signed certification in accordance with Part I.F.1 of the permit, certifying that the SWMP is complete and meets all permit requirements. If requested, a copy of the certification page shall be included in Appendix D of this SWMP. For additional information on SWMP availability to a regulator or the public, refer to Part1.D.10 of the Colorado CGP. 6U-c. Changes to the SWMP Changes to the SWMP should be made prior to changes in site conditions except as indicated in section b. below. Examples of SWMP revisions may include but are not limited to: potential pollutant source identification; selection of appropriate BMPs for site conditions; BMP maintenance procedures; and interim and final stabilization practices. SWMP revisions may also include a timeline for design and implementation if necessary. A selection of temporary BMPs should be included in the SWMP and updated when installed and removed. A SWMP amendment log is available in Appendix E of this SWMP to track SWMP changes. The use of the amendment log is optional. Changes may also be made directly in the SWMP. a) SUWMP Amendments: U The SWMP shall be amended when: 1. There is a change in design, construction, operation, or maintenance of the site, which would require the implementation of new or revised BMPs. 2. If the SWMP proves to be ineffective in achieving the general objectives of controlling pollutants in StormWater discharges associated with construction activity. 3. When BMPs are no longer necessary and are removed. b) Responsive SWMP Changes: Responsive SWMP changes are those made in the field as quick solutions to changing conditions or if BMPs are determined to be ineffective. 1. In the case of quick, in the field revisions, modification of the SWMP should be made immediately following a change at the permitted site. Terms and Conditions, Other PART 6 Foothills Mall Redevelopment 2 Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 2. In the case that more complex development is required the SWMP must be modified as soon as possible but no later than 72hrs following the installation or modification of the BMP at a permitted site. A notation must be included in the SWMP with the time/ date of modification, BMPs added or removed and the BMP location. 6-d. TMDL (Total Maximum Daily Load) This site is not subject to TMDL restrictions. 6-e. General Limitations The following limitations apply to all discharges as defined by the permit: a) Stormwater discharges from construction activities shall not cause, have the reasonable potential to cause, or measurably contribute to an exceedance of any water quality standard, including narrative standards for water quality. b) Concrete washout water shall not be discharged to state surface waters or to storm sewer systems. On-site permanent disposal of concrete washout waste is not authorized by this permit. Discharge to the ground of concrete washout waste that will subsequently be disposed of off-site is authorized by this permit. See Part I.D.3.c of the permit. c) Bulk storage structures for petroleum products and any other chemicals shall have secondary containment or equivalent adequate protection so as to contain all spills and prevent any spilled material from entering State waters. d) No chemicals are to be added to the discharge unless permission for the use of a specific chemical is granted by the Division. In granting the use of such chemicals, special conditions and monitoring may be addressed by separate correspondence. e) The Division reserves the right to require sampling and testing, on a case-by-case basis, in the event that there is reason to suspect that compliance with the SWMP is a problem, or to measure the effectiveness of the BMPs in removing pollutants in the effluent. Such monitoring may include Whole Effluent Toxicity testing. f) All site wastes must be properly managed to prevent potential pollution of State waters. This permit does not authorize on-site waste disposal. g) All dischargers must comply with the lawful requirements of federal agencies, municipalities, counties, drainage districts and other local agencies regarding any discharges of stormwater to storm drain systems or other water courses under their jurisdiction, including applicable requirements in municipal stormwater management programs developed to comply with CDPS permits. Dischargers must comply with local stormwater management requirements, policies or guidelines including erosion and sediment control. Appendices Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Appendix – A Tables Appendix A TABLES Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Table 1-b Phasing Log (list by construction area and phase of project, dates represent start & completion of phase) General Land Development Phase Initial Demolition Flatwork Final Phased Construction Area Est. Start Date Est. Completion Date Est. Start Date Est. Completion Date Est. Start Date Est. Completion Date Est. Start Date Est. Completion Date Area 1 Area 2 Area 3 Area 4 Area 5 Area 6 Area 7 Area 8 Area 9 Appendix A TABLES Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Table 1-f Potential Pollutant Sources Material / Chemical / Activity Stormwater Potential Pollutants Location All Disturbed and Stored soils (stockpiles). Sediment, Erosion Entire site, all disturbed areas. Vehicle tracking of sediment Sediment Entrance/Exit points from the site. Management of Contaminated Soils Fuel, Oil, Paints, Solvents, and other potential chemical pollutants Re-fueling areas, Material Storage Areas, building construction, and adjacent to active construction. Loading and unloading operations Sediment, Fuels, Oils. Re-fueling areas, Material Storage Areas, building construction, and adjacent to active construction. Outdoor Storage Activities Fuel, Oil, Paints, Solvents, and other potential chemical pollutants Designated Material Storage Area and designated areas located near active construction. Vehicle Equipment Maintenance and Fueling Fuels, Oils, Solvents, Grease Material Storage and Staging area or other designated area near active construction. Significant Dust or Particulate generating process/wind erosion Airborne particles (fugitive dust) Disturbed Areas, stockpiles, & street sweeping activities. Appendix A TABLES Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Table 1-f Potential Pollutant Sources (Continued) Material / Chemical / Activity Stormwater Potential Pollutants Location Routine Maintenance Activities Fertilizers, Pesticides, Fuels, Oils Materials Storage Areas and landscaped area maintenance On-site waste management Trash, liquid, and solid waste Dumpsters located in Material Storage Area and/or near active construction. Concrete Truck/Equipment washing Liquid and Solid concrete Designated Concrete Washout Area only Dedicated concrete and asphalt batch plants Concrete/Asphalt waste and associated chemicals Not anticipated for this site. Non Industrial Waste Worker trash and portable toilets Waste receptacles at or near material storage area and active construction. Portable toilets located near active construction. Adjacent Off-site activities with run-on potential Sediment, Erosion Not anticipated for this site. Off-site borrow or stockpile areas Sediment. Erosion Not anticipated for this site. Appendix A TABLES Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Table 1.6 Responsible Parties Responsible Parties Company Scope of Service CDPHE Permit Holder Responsibilities The Beck Group Owner and Operator YES (COR- ______) • Obtain StormWater Management Plan (SWMP) • File Notice Of Intent (NOI) • Pre-Construction Checklist • Stormwater Training • SWMP Implementation • Control of day-to-day operations • Scheduling & Maintenance • Responsive Actions • SWMP Amendments/Permit changes and modifications • Filing Inactivation Notice Summit Services Group Stormwater Consultants N/A • SWMP development • Routine inspections per permit requirements • Post-storm Event Inspections Contractors List available at developer’s office N/A • Sub-contractors are responsible to comply with the SWMP Appendix A TABLES Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Table 3-b Potential Pollutant Sources and BMP Selection Material / Chemical / Activity Stormwater Potential Pollutants BMP Selection All Disturbed and Stored soils (stockpiles) Sediment, Erosion Perimeter controls may include Silt Fence, Wattle, Erosion Control Blanket, Rock Socks, Cut Back Curb, Surface Roughening, and other temporary measures. No soil stockpiles shall exceed (10) feet in height. All soil stockpiles shall be protected from sediment transport by surface roughening, watering, and perimeter silt fence. Any soil stockpiles remaining after 30 days shall be seeded and mulched. See Part 3 of the SWMP for description of individual controls and Site Map for locations. Vehicle tracking of sediment Sediment VTC’s and street sweeping as needed, limit access to disturbed and active areas. Management of Contaminated Soils Fuel, Oil, Paints, Solvents, and other potential chemical pollutants Store in leak proof containers. Dispose of properly by following waste management procedures. Provide secondary containment if not removed from site. Follow materials handling procedures. Contractor training and education. Install perimeter control BMPs as secondary containment. Loading and unloading operations Sediment, Fuels, Oils. Maintain perimeter controls (Silt Fence, Wattle, etc) and inlet protection. Street sweeping required if sediment tracking occurs. Follow materials handling procedures. Contractor training and education. Outdoor Storage Activities Fuel, Oil, Paints, Solvents, and other potential chemical pollutants Install primary containment (ie. Berm, built-in containment system) BMP. Containers must be sealed and kept away from Appendix A TABLES Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 On-site waste management Trash, liquid, and solid waste Dumpsters will be placed near active construction areas. Trash pick-up will be completed regularly and as needed following waste management procedures within the SWMP. An area will be designated in the Material Storage Area for liquid storage. Liquid should be stored in leak proof containers with primary containment (ie. Berm, built-in containment system) as well as secondary containment. Follow materials handling procedures. Contractor training and education. Table 3-b Potential Pollutant Sources and BMP Selection (Continued) Material / Chemical / Activity Stormwater Potential Pollutants BMP Selection Concrete Truck/Equipment washing Liquid and Solid concrete All truck and equipment washing will be conducted at a designated Concrete Washout Area. See Site Map for location of Concrete Washout Area(s). Follow materials handling procedures. Contractor training and education. Dedicated concrete and asphalt batch plants Concrete/Asphalt waste and associated chemicals Not anticipated for this site. Non Industrial Waste Worker trash and portable toilets Dumpsters located at or near Material Storage Area and active construction. Portable toilets located near active construction and away from stormwater flows and inlets. Follow materials handling procedures. Contractor training and education. Adjacent Off-site activities with run-on potential Sediment, Erosion Not anticipated for this site. Off-site borrow or stockpile areas Sediment. Erosion Appendix A TABLES Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Table 3-c.3 BMP Phasing Technique/BMP Initial Demolition Flatwork Final Permanent BMPs Storm Drain System (existing and proposed) X X X X Rock Outlet Protection X Sand Filter Basin X X Stormceptor X X Rain Garden X X Structural BMPs Sediment Control Log (Wattle) X X X Silt Fence X X X Sump & Area Inlet Protection X X X X Channel/Ditch Checks X X X X Cut Back Curb X X Rock Socks X X X Curb Socks X X X X Sediment traps X X Concrete Washout Area X X Erosion Control Blanket X X Vehicle Tracking Controls X X X Non-structural BMPs Temporary/ Permanent Seeding X X Surface Roughening X X X Street Sweeping X X X X Landscaping/ Hardscaping X X Worker Trash, Solid Waste and Port-o-let Procedures X X X X Material Storage/Staging Area X X X X Dust control X X X Appendix A TABLES Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Table 3-c.4 Waste Management Practices Material/Potential Pollutant Sources Comments BMP Selection Liquid chemicals including solvents, stains, and paint. Liquid chemicals need to be stored in leak proof containers and removed from the site when not in use. They should be stored in their original labeled container, per manufactures specifications, sealed when not in use, away from any potential water sources, inlets, or drainageways and in an area that is supervised. Use of liquid chemicals should only be performed as specified by the manufacture, and away from water, inlets or drainageways. Do not dispense or refill equipment near water, inlets or drainageways. Liquid chemicals are expected to be found on each lot during the building construction phase. Fuels, Oils Small amounts of fuel containing products may be stored on site, in leak proof, labeled containers away from any potential water sources, inlets or drainageways. Construction Waste, Trash Trash should be stored in dumpsters on-site. Regular trash pickup will be scheduled as needed. Covered dumpsters and trash containers may be needed in areas of high wind. Concrete Washout, including solid wastes and wash waters All concrete washout materials will be contained in designated concrete washout areas. Washout waters will be allowed to evaporate or infiltrate into the washout area. The remaining dried solid concrete will be removed as solid waste and disposed of on a regular basis. Concrete waste shall not be stored on site for extended periods of time. Concrete washout areas must be located away from surface water, flow lines, drainage channels and other conveyances. The concrete washout area will not remain for longer than one year in the same location. Sanitary Sewer, portable toilets Portable toilets will be placed away from surface water, flow lines, drainage channels, inlets and other conveyances. They must be anchored and located on permeable surfaces and contained by perimeter BMPs. Cleanout and maintenance will be performed on a regular basis. Management of Contaminated Soils Contaminated soils caused by construction activities on this site will be contained to prevent further spread of the contaminants. The type and quantity of the contaminants should be determined. The contaminated materials, soils, etc will be cleaned up and placed in a sealed, leak proof container and disposed of in accordance with local requirements. The SWMP must be updated with the date, spill and cleanup details and location of the contamination. Appendix A TABLES Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Table 4-c Post Construction BMPs BMP Location Maintenance Sand Filter Basins, Rain Gardens, Stormceptors Located throughout project Water quality features should be inspected and maintained regularly to remove sediment accumulation as well as trash and debris that may collect in the facility. Maintenance must be performed when sediment accumulation impedes the effectiveness of the structure or if degradation of any part of the structure is observed. Trash and other debris must be picked up at routine maintenance intervals or when functionality of the basin is impacted. Other maintenance should include mowing operations and weed control on all vegetated areas. Underground Storm Drain System Throughout Project Underground storm drain system and Stormceptor structures must be inspected and maintained at routine intervals. Sediment, trash and other debris may accumulate in the system and should be cleaned out regularly. The storm drain system must be cleaned out if the flow capacity is significantly affected or when diminished by one third. Permanent Vegetation Tract areas and along the perimeter of the project Permanent vegetation in landscape and tract areas should be inspected and maintained at routine intervals. Maintenance will include but not be limited to; irrigation of landscaped areas, weed control, mowing and general maintenance. Velocity Control in the form of rip rap at inlet/ outfall protection, and in drainage features/ channels Throughout Project Rip rap velocity dissipation devices must be inspected and maintained at routine intervals. Sediment, trash and debris may accumulate in these structures and should be cleaned out during routine maintenance, when fifty percent capacity is reached or when structure has lost effectiveness. *Others to be noted here as Appendices Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Appendix – B BMP Details Erosion Control Security/Escrow Foothills Mall Redevelopment 1. Erosion Control Security Erosion control security for the Foothills Mall Redevelopment project was determined by calculating the total BMP cost with a multiplication factor of 1.5 and the total cost of seed and mulch operations needed to stabilize the entire project site of 76.44 acres. Security Description Total Implementation Cost Multiplication Factor Total Erosion Control Security/Escrow Project BMPs $68,812.50 1.5 $103218.75 Seed and Mulch $105,105.00 1.5 $157,657.50 Based upon the above calculations the Erosion Control Security to be provided for the Foothills Mall Redevelopment Project is $157,657.50. Please refer to the spreadsheets in Appendix B for specific calculations of BMPs and seed and mulch implementation costs. PROBABLE BMP COST SHEET Project: Foothills Mall Redevelopment Date: 3.13.2013 No. ID Unit Installation Unit Cost Quantity Cost 1 SM AC $1,100 76.44 $84,084.00 $84,084.00 2 25% of Subtotal $21,021.00 Total Cost $105,105.00 BMP Seed and Mulch Subtotal Cost Maintenance PROBABLE BMP COST SHEETS Standardized Probable Cost Spreadsheet for Post Paving BMPs Project Foothills Name:__Mall ____Redevelopment ____________________________________________ Date:_____02.20.2013_______ Installation Initial / Interim Initial / Interim No. BMP ID Unit Unit Cost Quantity Cost 1 Check Dam CD LF $ 24.00 90 $ 2,160.00 2 Compost Blanket CB SF $ 0.50 $ - 3 Compost Filter Berm CFB LF $ 4.00 $ - 4 Concrete Washout Area CWA EA $ 1,000.00 5 $ 5,000.00 5 Construction Fence CF LF $ 5.00 $ - 6 Curb Socks CS EA $ 20.00 17 $ 340.00 7 Diversion Channel DC EA $2,000 $ - 8 Diversion Dike DD LF $ 1.50 $ - 9 Dewatering DW EA $ 600.00 $ - 10 Erosion Control Blanket ECB SY $ 5.00 $ - 11 Inlet Protection - All types IP EA $ 300.00 40 $ 12,000.00 12 Perimeter Erosion Control BMPs (Lot) PC EA $ 500.00 3 $ 1,500.00 13 Outlet Protection OP EA $ 250.00 8 $ 2,000.00 14 Reinforced Check Dam RCD LF $ 36.00 $ - 15 Rock Socks RS LF $ 10.00 $ - 16 Sediment Basin SB CY $ 3.00 $ - 17 Sediment Control Log SCL LF $ 3.00 5000 $ 15,000.00 18 Sediment Trap ST EA $ 600.00 4 $ 2,400.00 19 Seeding & Mulching (Less than 10 Acres) SM AC $ 2,500.00 $ - (Greater than 10 Acres) SM AC $ 1,500.00 $ - 20 Silt Fence SF LF $ 2.00 1700 $ 3,400.00 21 Silt Fence Reinforced SF-R LF $ 4.00 $ - 22 Stabilized Staging Area SSA SY $ 2.00 $ - 23 Surface Roughening SR AC $ 600.00 $ - 24 Temporary Slope Drain TSD LF $ 25.00 $ - 25 Temporary Stream Crossing TSC EA $ 1,500.00 $ - 26 Terracing TER $ - $ - 27 Tree Protection Fencing TP LF $ 5.00 $ - 28 Vehicle Tracking Control VTC EA $ 1,000.00 4 $ 4,000.00 29 VTC with Wheel Wash WW EA $ 1,500.00 $ - 30 Mobilization (required on all projects) MB LS $ 5,000.00 1 $ 5,000.00 31 Pond Maintenance/Sediment Removal PM AC $ 1,000.00 $ - (Based on area tributary to the pond) 32 Street Maintenance STM LM $ 1,500.00 1.5 $ 2,250.00 (Based on lane miles of streets within project and adjacent to project) 33 Other:_______________________ $ - $ - Subotal Cost of Post Paving BMPs $ 55,050.00 34 Maintenance (required on all projects) % 25% of Subtotal $ 13,762.50 Total Cost of Post Paving BMPs $ 68,812.50 Fiscal Security Amount $ 13,762.50 Note: Do not include costs for BMPs carried over from the Initial Plan, only new installations * For Temporary Batch Plant BMPs allow $5000.00 in line 32. ** Fiscal Security required is the higher amount of either the Initial or the Post-Paving, not both. Temporary and Permanent Seeding (TS/PS) EC-2 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District TS/PS-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph TS/PS -1. Equipment used to drill seed. Photo courtesy of Douglas County. Description Temporary seeding can be used to stabilize disturbed areas that will be inactive for an extended period. Permanent seeding should be used to stabilize areas at final grade that will not be otherwise stabilized. Effective seeding includes preparation of a seedbed, selection of an appropriate seed mixture, proper planting techniques, and protection of the seeded area with mulch, geotextiles, or other appropriate measures. Appropriate Uses When the soil surface is disturbed and will remain inactive for an extended period (typically 30 days or longer), proactive stabilization measures should be implemented. If the inactive period is short-lived (on the order of two weeks), techniques such as surface roughening may be appropriate. For longer periods of inactivity, temporary seeding and mulching can provide effective erosion control. Permanent seeding should be used on finished areas that have not been otherwise stabilized. Typically, local governments have their own seed mixes and timelines for seeding. Check jurisdictional requirements for seeding and temporary stabilization. Design and Installation Effective seeding requires proper seedbed preparation, selection of an appropriate seed mixture, use of appropriate seeding equipment to ensure proper coverage and density, and protection with mulch or fabric until plants are established. The USDCM Volume 2 Revegetation Chapter contains detailed seed mix, soil preparations, and seeding and mulching recommendations that may be referenced to supplement this Fact Sheet. Drill seeding is the preferred seeding method. Hydroseeding is not recommended except in areas where steep slopes prevent use of drill seeding equipment, and even in these instances it is preferable to hand seed and mulch. Some jurisdictions do not allow hydroseeding or hydromulching. Seedbed Preparation Prior to seeding, ensure that areas to be revegetated have soil conditions capable of supporting vegetation. Overlot grading can result in loss of topsoil, resulting in poor quality subsoils at the ground surface that have low nutrient value, little organic matter content, few soil microorganisms, rooting restrictions, and conditions less conducive to infiltration of precipitation. As a result, it is typically necessary to provide stockpiled topsoil, compost, or other Temporary and Permanent Seeding Functions Erosion Control Yes Sediment Control No Site/Material Management No EC-2 Temporary and Permanent Seeding (TS/PS) TS/PS-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 soil amendments and rototill them into the soil to a depth of 6 inches or more. Topsoil should be salvaged during grading operations for use and spread on areas to be revegetated later. Topsoil should be viewed as an important resource to be utilized for vegetation establishment, due to its water-holding capacity, structure, texture, organic matter content, biological activity, and nutrient content. The rooting depth of most native grasses in the semi-arid Denver metropolitan area is 6 to 18 inches. At a minimum, the upper 6 inches of topsoil should be stripped, stockpiled, and ultimately respread across areas that will be revegetated. Where topsoil is not available, subsoils should be amended to provide an appropriate plant-growth medium. Organic matter, such as well digested compost, can be added to improve soil characteristics conducive to plant growth. Other treatments can be used to adjust soil pH conditions when needed. Soil testing, which is typically inexpensive, should be completed to determine and optimize the types and amounts of amendments that are required. If the disturbed ground surface is compacted, rip or rototill the surface prior to placing topsoil. If adding compost to the existing soil surface, rototilling is necessary. Surface roughening will assist in placement of a stable topsoil layer on steeper slopes, and allow infiltration and root penetration to greater depth. Prior to seeding, the soil surface should be rough and the seedbed should be firm, but neither too loose nor compacted. The upper layer of soil should be in a condition suitable for seeding at the proper depth and conducive to plant growth. Seed-to-soil contact is the key to good germination. Seed Mix for Temporary Vegetation To provide temporary vegetative cover on disturbed areas which will not be paved, built upon, or fully landscaped or worked for an extended period (typically 30 days or more), plant an annual grass appropriate for the time of planting and mulch the planted areas. Annual grasses suitable for the Denver metropolitan area are listed in Table TS/PS-1. These are to be considered only as general recommendations when specific design guidance for a particular site is not available. Local governments typically specify seed mixes appropriate for their jurisdiction. Seed Mix for Permanent Revegetation To provide vegetative cover on disturbed areas that have reached final grade, a perennial grass mix should be established. Permanent seeding should be performed promptly (typically within 14 days) after reaching final grade. Each site will have different characteristics and a landscape professional or the local jurisdiction should be contacted to determine the most suitable seed mix for a specific site. In lieu of a specific recommendation, one of the perennial grass mixes appropriate for site conditions and growth season listed in Table TS/PS-2 can be used. The pure live seed (PLS) rates of application recommended in these tables are considered to be absolute minimum rates for seed applied using proper drill-seeding equipment. If desired for wildlife habitat or landscape diversity, shrubs such as rubber rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus), fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens) and skunkbrush sumac (Rhus trilobata) could be added to the upland seedmixes at 0.25, 0.5 and 1 pound PLS/acre, respectively. In riparian zones, planting root stock of such species as American plum (Prunus americana), woods rose (Rosa woodsii), plains cottonwood (Populus sargentii), and willow (Populus spp.) may be considered. On non-topsoiled upland sites, a legume such as Ladak alfalfa at 1 pound PLS/acre can be included as a source of nitrogen for perennial grasses. Temporary and Permanent Seeding (TS/PS) EC-2 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District TS/PS-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Seeding dates for the highest success probability of perennial species along the Front Range are generally in the spring from April through early May and in the fall after the first of September until the ground freezes. If the area is irrigated, seeding may occur in summer months, as well. See Table TS/PS-3 for appropriate seeding dates. Table TS/PS-1. Minimum Drill Seeding Rates for Various Temporary Annual Grasses Speciesa (Common name) Growth Seasonb Pounds of Pure Live Seed (PLS)/acrec Planting Depth (inches) 1. Oats Cool 35 - 50 1 - 2 2. Spring wheat Cool 25 - 35 1 - 2 3. Spring barley Cool 25 - 35 1 - 2 4. Annual ryegrass Cool 10 - 15 ½ 5. Millet Warm 3 - 15 ½ - ¾ 6. Sudangrass Warm 5–10 ½ - ¾ 7. Sorghum Warm 5–10 ½ - ¾ 8. Winter wheat Cool 20–35 1 - 2 9. Winter barley Cool 20–35 1 - 2 10. Winter rye Cool 20–35 1 - 2 11. Triticale Cool 25–40 1 - 2 a Successful seeding of annual grass resulting in adequate plant growth will usually produce enough dead-plant residue to provide protection from wind and water erosion for an additional year. This assumes that the cover is not disturbed or mowed closer than 8 inches. Hydraulic seeding may be substituted for drilling only where slopes are steeper than 3:1 or where access limitations exist. When hydraulic seeding is used, hydraulic mulching should be applied as a separate operation, when practical, to prevent the seeds from being encapsulated in the mulch. b See Table TS/PS-3 for seeding dates. Irrigation, if consistently applied, may extend the use of cool season species during the summer months. c Seeding rates should be doubled if seed is broadcast, or increased by 50 percent if done using a Brillion Drill or by hydraulic seeding. EC-2 Temporary and Permanent Seeding (TS/PS) TS/PS-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Table TS/PS-2. Minimum Drill Seeding Rates for Perennial Grasses Common a Name Botanical Name Growth Seasonb Growth Form Seeds/ Pound Pounds of PLS/acre Alakali Soil Seed Mix Alkali sacaton Sporobolus airoides Cool Bunch 1,750,000 0.25 Basin wildrye Elymus cinereus Cool Bunch 165,000 2.5 Sodar streambank wheatgrass Agropyron riparium 'Sodar' Cool Sod 170,000 2.5 Jose tall wheatgrass Agropyron elongatum 'Jose' Cool Bunch 79,000 7.0 Arriba western wheatgrass Agropyron smithii 'Arriba' Cool Sod 110,000 5.5 Total 17.75 Fertile Loamy Soil Seed Mix Ephriam crested wheatgrass Agropyron cristatum 'Ephriam' Cool Sod 175,000 2.0 Dural hard fescue Festuca ovina 'duriuscula' Cool Bunch 565,000 1.0 Lincoln smooth brome Bromus inermis leyss 'Lincoln' Cool Sod 130,000 3.0 Sodar streambank wheatgrass Agropyron riparium 'Sodar' Cool Sod 170,000 2.5 Arriba western wheatgrass Agropyron smithii 'Arriba' Cool Sod 110,000 7.0 Total 15.5 High Water Table Soil Seed Mix Meadow foxtail Alopecurus pratensis Cool Sod 900,000 0.5 Redtop Agrostis alba Warm Open sod 5,000,000 0.25 Reed canarygrass Phalaris arundinacea Cool Sod 68,000 0.5 Lincoln smooth brome Bromus inermis leyss 'Lincoln' Cool Sod 130,000 3.0 Pathfinder switchgrass Panicum virgatum 'Pathfinder' Warm Sod 389,000 1.0 Alkar tall wheatgrass Agropyron elongatum 'Alkar' Cool Bunch 79,000 5.5 Total 10.75 Transition Turf Seed Mixc Ruebens Canadian bluegrass Poa compressa 'Ruebens' Cool Sod 2,500,000 0.5 Dural hard fescue Festuca ovina 'duriuscula' Cool Bunch 565,000 1.0 Citation perennial ryegrass Lolium perenne 'Citation' Cool Sod 247,000 3.0 Lincoln smooth brome Bromus inermis leyss 'Lincoln' Cool Sod 130,000 3.0 Total 7.5 Temporary and Permanent Seeding (TS/PS) EC-2 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District TS/PS-5 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Table TS/PS-2. Minimum Drill Seeding Rates for Perennial Grasses (cont.) Common Name Botanical Name Growth Seasonb Growth Form Seeds/ Pound Pounds of PLS/acre Sandy Soil Seed Mix Blue grama Bouteloua gracilis Warm Sod-forming bunchgrass 825,000 0.5 Camper little bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium 'Camper' Warm Bunch 240,000 1.0 Prairie sandreed Calamovilfa longifolia Warm Open sod 274,000 1.0 Sand dropseed Sporobolus cryptandrus Cool Bunch 5,298,000 0.25 Vaughn sideoats grama Bouteloua curtipendula 'Vaughn' Warm Sod 191,000 2.0 Arriba western wheatgrass Agropyron smithii 'Arriba' Cool Sod 110,000 5.5 Total 10.25 Heavy Clay, Rocky Foothill Seed Mix Ephriam crested wheatgrass d Agropyron cristatum 'Ephriam' Cool Sod 175,000 1.5 Oahe Intermediate wheatgrass Agropyron intermedium 'Oahe' Cool Sod 115,000 5.5 Vaughn sideoats grama e Bouteloua curtipendula 'Vaughn' Warm Sod 191,000 2.0 Lincoln smooth brome Bromus inermis leyss 'Lincoln' Cool Sod 130,000 3.0 Arriba western wheatgrass Agropyron smithii 'Arriba' Cool Sod 110,000 5.5 Total 17.5 a All of the above seeding mixes and rates are based on drill seeding followed by crimped hay or straw mulch. These rates should be doubled if seed is broadcast and should be increased by 50 percent if the seeding is done using a Brillion Drill or is applied through hydraulic seeding. Hydraulic seeding may be substituted for drilling only where slopes are steeper than 3:1. If hydraulic seeding is used, hydraulic mulching should be done as a separate operation. b See Table TS/PS-3 for seeding dates. c If site is to be irrigated, the transition turf seed rates should be doubled. d Crested wheatgrass should not be used on slopes steeper than 6H to 1V. e Can substitute 0.5 lbs PLS of blue grama for the 2.0 lbs PLS of Vaughn sideoats grama. EC-2 Temporary and Permanent Seeding (TS/PS) TS/PS-6 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Table TS/PS-3. Seeding Dates for Annual and Perennial Grasses Annual Grasses (Numbers in table reference species in Table TS/PS-1) Perennial Grasses Seeding Dates Warm Cool Warm Cool January 1–March 15   March 16–April 30 4 1,2,3   May 1–May 15 4  May 16–June 30 4,5,6,7 July 1–July 15 5,6,7 July 16–August 31 September 1–September 30 8,9,10,11 October 1–December 31   Mulch Cover seeded areas with mulch or an appropriate rolled erosion control product to promote establishment of vegetation. Anchor mulch by crimping, netting or use of a non-toxic tackifier. See the Mulching BMP Fact Sheet for additional guidance. Maintenance and Removal Monitor and observe seeded areas to identify areas of poor growth or areas that fail to germinate. Reseed and mulch these areas, as needed. An area that has been permanently seeded should have a good stand of vegetation within one growing season if irrigated and within three growing seasons without irrigation in Colorado. Reseed portions of the site that fail to germinate or remain bare after the first growing season. Seeded areas may require irrigation, particularly during extended dry periods. Targeted weed control may also be necessary. Protect seeded areas from construction equipment and vehicle access. Soil Binders (SB) EC-3 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SB-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Description Soil binders include a broad range of treatments that can be applied to exposed soils for temporary stabilization to reduce wind and water erosion. Soil binders may be applied alone or as tackifiers in conjunction with mulching and seeding applications. Acknowledgement: This BMP Fact Sheet has been adapted from the 2003 California Stormwater Quality Association (CASQA) Stormwater BMP Handbook: Construction (www.cabmphandbooks.com). Appropriate Uses Soil binders can be used for short-term, temporary stabilization of soils on both mild and steep slopes. Soil binders are often used in areas where work has temporarily stopped, but is expected to resume before revegetation can become established. Binders are also useful on stockpiled soils or where temporary or permanent seeding has occurred. Prior to selecting a soil binder, check with the state and local jurisdiction to ensure that the chemicals used in the soil binders are allowed. The water quality impacts of some types of soil binders are relatively unknown and may not be allowed due to concerns about potential environmental impacts. Soil binders must be environmentally benign (non-toxic to plant and animal life), easy to apply, easy to maintain, economical, and should not stain paved or painted surfaces. Soil binders should not be used in vehicle or pedestrian high traffic areas, due to loss in effectiveness under these conditions. Site soil type will dictate appropriate soil binders to be used. Be aware that soil binders may not function effectively on silt or clay soils or highly compacted areas. Check manufacturer's recommendations for appropriateness with regard to soil conditions. Some binders may not be suitable for areas with existing vegetation. Design and Installation Properties of common soil binders used for erosion control are provided in Table SB-1. Design and installation guidance below are provided for general reference. Follow the manufacturer's instructions for application rates and procedures. Soil Binders Functions Erosion Control Yes Sediment Control No Site/Material Management Moderate Photograph SB-1. Tackifier being applied to provide temporary soil stabilization. Photo courtesy of Douglas County. EC-3 Soil Binders (SB) SB-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Table SB-1. Properties of Soil Binders for Erosion Control (Source: CASQA 2003) Evaluation Criteria Binder Type Plant Material Based (short lived) Plant Material Based (long lived) Polymeric Emulsion Blends Cementitious- Based Binders Resistance to Leaching High High Low to Moderate Moderate Resistance to Abrasion Moderate Low Moderate to High Moderate to High Longevity Short to Medium Medium Medium to Long Medium Minimum Curing Time before Rain 9 to 18 hours 19 to 24 hours 0 to 24 hours 4 to 8 hours Compatibility with Existing Vegetation Good Poor Poor Poor Mode of Degradation Biodegradable Biodegradable Photodegradable/ Chemically Degradable Photodegradable/ Chemically Degradable Specialized Application Equipment Water Truck or Hydraulic Mulcher Water Truck or Hydraulic Mulcher Water Truck or Hydraulic Mulcher Water Truck or Hydraulic Mulcher Liquid/Powder Powder Liquid Liquid/Powder Powder Surface Crusting Yes, but dissolves on rewetting Yes Yes, but dissolves on rewetting Yes Clean Up Water Water Water Water Erosion Control Application Rate Varies Varies Varies 4,000 to 12,000 lbs/acre Typ. Soil Binders (SB) EC-3 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SB-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Factors to consider when selecting a soil binder generally include:  Suitability to situation: Consider where the soil binder will be applied, if it needs a high resistance to leaching or abrasion, and whether it needs to be compatible with existing vegetation. Determine the length of time soil stabilization will be needed, and if the soil binder will be placed in an area where it will degrade rapidly. In general, slope steepness is not a discriminating factor.  Soil types and surface materials: Fines and moisture content are key properties of surface materials. Consider a soil binder's ability to penetrate, likelihood of leaching, and ability to form a surface crust on the surface materials.  Frequency of application: The frequency of application can be affected by subgrade conditions, surface type, climate, and maintenance schedule. Frequent applications could lead to high costs. Application frequency may be minimized if the soil binder has good penetration, low evaporation, and good longevity. Consider also that frequent application will require frequent equipment clean up. An overview of major categories of soil binders, corresponding to the types included in Table SB-1 follows. Plant-Material Based (Short Lived) Binders  Guar: A non-toxic, biodegradable, natural galactomannan-based hydrocolloid treated with dispersant agents for easy field mixing. It should be mixed with water at the rate of 11 to 15 lbs per 1,000 gallons. Recommended minimum application rates are provided in Table SB-2. Table SB-2. Application Rates for Guar Soil Stabilizer Slope (H:V) Flat 4:1 3:1 2:1 1:1 Application Rate (lb/acre) 40 45 50 60 70  Psyllium: Composed of the finely ground muciloid coating of plantago seeds that is applied as a wet slurry to the surface of the soil. It dries to form a firm but rewettable membrane that binds soil particles together but permits germination and growth of seed. Psyllium requires 12 to 18 hours drying time. Application rates should be from 80 to 200 lbs/acre, with enough water in solution to allow for a uniform slurry flow.  Starch: Non-ionic, cold-water soluble (pre-gelatinized) granular cornstarch. The material is mixed with water and applied at the rate of 150 lb/acre. Approximate drying time is 9 to 12 hours. Plant-Material Based (Long Lived) Binders  Pitch and Rosin Emulsion: Generally, a non-ionic pitch and rosin emulsion has a minimum solids content of 48 percent. The rosin should be a minimum of 26 percent of the total solids content. The soil stabilizer should be a non-corrosive, water dilutable emulsion that upon application cures to a water insoluble binding and cementing agent. For soil erosion control applications, the emulsion is diluted and should be applied as follows: o For clayey soil: 5 parts water to 1 part emulsion EC-3 Soil Binders (SB) SB-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 o For sandy soil: 10 parts water to 1 part emulsion Application can be by water truck or hydraulic seeder with the emulsion and product mixture applied at the rate specified by the manufacturer. Polymeric Emulsion Blend Binders  Acrylic Copolymers and Polymers: Polymeric soil stabilizers should consist of a liquid or solid polymer or copolymer with an acrylic base that contains a minimum of 55 percent solids. The polymeric compound should be handled and mixed in a manner that will not cause foaming or should contain an anti-foaming agent. The polymeric emulsion should not exceed its shelf life or expiration date; manufacturers should provide the expiration date. Polymeric soil stabilizer should be readily miscible in water, non-injurious to seed or animal life, non-flammable, should provide surface soil stabilization for various soil types without inhibiting water infiltration, and should not re-emulsify when cured. The applied compound should air cure within a maximum of 36 to 48 hours. Liquid copolymer should be diluted at a rate of 10 parts water to 1 part polymer and the mixture applied to soil at a rate of 1,175 gallons/acre.  Liquid Polymers of Methacrylates and Acrylates: This material consists of a tackifier/sealer that is a liquid polymer of methacrylates and acrylates. It is an aqueous 100 percent acrylic emulsion blend of 40 percent solids by volume that is free from styrene, acetate, vinyl, ethoxylated surfactants or silicates. For soil stabilization applications, it is diluted with water in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations, and applied with a hydraulic seeder at the rate of 20 gallons/acre. Drying time is 12 to 18 hours after application.  Copolymers of Sodium Acrylates and Acrylamides: These materials are non-toxic, dry powders that are copolymers of sodium acrylate and acrylamide. They are mixed with water and applied to the soil surface for erosion control at rates that are determined by slope gradient, as summarized in Table SB-3. Table SB-3. Application Rates for Copolymers of Sodium Acrylates and Acrylamides Slope (H:V) Flat to 5:1 5:1 to 3:1 2:2 to 1:1 Application Rate (lb/acre) 3.0-5.0 5.0-10.0 10.0-20.0  Polyacrylamide and Copolymer of Acrylamide: Linear copolymer polyacrylamide is packaged as a dry flowable solid. When used as a stand-alone stabilizer, it is diluted at a rate of 11 lb/1,000 gal. of water and applied at the rate of 5.0 lb/acre.  Hydrocolloid Polymers: Hydrocolloid Polymers are various combinations of dry flowable polyacrylamides, copolymers, and hydrocolloid polymers that are mixed with water and applied to the soil surface at rates of 55 to 60 lb/acre. Drying times are 0 to 4 hours. Cementitious-Based Binders  Gypsum: This formulated gypsum based product readily mixes with water and mulch to form a thin protective crust on the soil surface. It is composed of high purity gypsum that is ground, calcined and processed into calcium sulfate hemihydrate with a minimum purity of 86 percent. It is mixed in a hydraulic seeder and applied at rates 4,000 to 12,000 lb/acre. Drying time is 4 to 8 hours. Soil Binders (SB) EC-3 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SB-5 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Installation After selecting an appropriate soil binder, the untreated soil surface must be prepared before applying the soil binder. The untreated soil surface must contain sufficient moisture to assist the agent in achieving uniform distribution. In general, the following steps should be followed:  Follow manufacturer's written recommendations for application rates, pre-wetting of application area, and cleaning of equipment after use.  Prior to application, roughen embankment and fill areas.  Consider the drying time for the selected soil binder and apply with sufficient time before anticipated rainfall. Soil binders should not be applied during or immediately before rainfall.  Avoid over spray onto roads, sidewalks, drainage channels, sound walls, existing vegetation, etc.  Soil binders should not be applied to frozen soil, areas with standing water, under freezing or rainy conditions, or when the temperature is below 40°F during the curing period.  More than one treatment is often necessary, although the second treatment may be diluted or have a lower application rate.  Generally, soil binders require a minimum curing time of 24 hours before they are fully effective. Refer to manufacturer's instructions for specific cure time.  For liquid agents: o Crown or slope ground to avoid ponding. o Uniformly pre-wet ground at 0.03 to 0.3 gal/yd2 or according to manufacturer's recommendations. o Apply solution under pressure. Overlap solution 6 to 12 in. o Allow treated area to cure for the time recommended by the manufacturer, typically at least 24 hours. o Apply second treatment before first treatment becomes ineffective, using 50 percent application rate. o In low humidity, reactivate chemicals by re-wetting with water at 0.1 to 0.2 gal/yd2. Maintenance and Removal Soil binders tend to break down due to natural weathering. Weathering rates depend on a variety of site- specific and product characteristics. Consult the manufacturer for recommended reapplication rates and reapply the selected soil binder as needed to maintain effectiveness. Soil binders can fail after heavy rainfall events and may require reapplication. In particular, soil binders will generally experience spot failures during heavy rainfall events. If runoff penetrates the soil at the top of a slope treated with a soil binder, it is likely that the runoff will undercut the stabilized soil layer and discharge at a point further down slope. EC-3 Soil Binders (SB) SB-6 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Areas where erosion is evident should be repaired and soil binder or other stabilization reapplied, as needed. Care should be exercised to minimize the damage to protected areas while making repairs. Most binders biodegrade after exposure to sun, oxidation, heat and biological organisms; therefore, removal of the soil binder is not typically required. Mulching (MU) EC-4 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District MU-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph MU-1. An area that was recently seeded, mulched, and crimped. Description Mulching consists of evenly applying straw, hay, shredded wood mulch, bark or compost to disturbed soils and securing the mulch by crimping, tackifiers, netting or other measures. Mulching helps reduce erosion by protecting bare soil from rainfall impact, increasing infiltration, and reducing runoff. Although often applied in conjunction with temporary or permanent seeding, it can also be used for temporary stabilization of areas that cannot be reseeded due to seasonal constraints. Mulch can be applied either using standard mechanical dry application methods or using hydromulching equipment that hydraulically applies a slurry of water, wood fiber mulch, and often a tackifier. Appropriate Uses Use mulch in conjunction with seeding to help protect the seedbed and stabilize the soil. Mulch can also be used as a temporary cover on low to mild slopes to help temporarily stabilize disturbed areas where growing season constraints prevent effective reseeding. Disturbed areas should be properly mulched and tacked, or seeded, mulched and tacked promptly after final grade is reached (typically within no longer than 14 days) on portions of the site not otherwise permanently stabilized. Standard dry mulching is encouraged in most jurisdictions; however, hydromulching may not be allowed in certain jurisdictions or may not be allowed near waterways. Do not apply mulch during windy conditions. Design and Installation Prior to mulching, surface-roughen areas by rolling with a crimping or punching type roller or by track walking. Track walking should only be used where other methods are impractical because track walking with heavy equipment typically compacts the soil. A variety of mulches can be used effectively at construction sites, including the following types: Mulch Functions Erosion Control Yes Sediment Control Moderate Site/Material Management No EC-4 Mulching (MU) MU-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3  Clean, weed- and seed-free, long-stemmed grass hay (preferred) or cereal grain straw. Hay is preferred because it is less susceptible to removal by wind. Mulch should be applied evenly at a rate of 2 tons per acre and must be tacked or fastened by an approved method suitable for the type of mulch used. At least 50 percent of the grass hay mulch, by weight, should be 10 inches or more in length.  Grass hay mulch must be anchored and not merely placed on the surface. This can be accomplished mechanically by crimping or with the aid of tackifiers or nets. Anchoring with a crimping implement is preferred, and is the recommended method for areas flatter than 3:1. Mechanical crimpers must be capable of tucking the long mulch fibers into the soil to a depth of 3 inches without cutting them. An agricultural disk, while not an ideal substitute, may work if the disk blades are dull or blunted and set vertically; however, the frame may have to be weighted to afford proper soil penetration.  On small areas sheltered from the wind and heavy runoff, spraying a tackifier on the mulch is satisfactory for holding it in place. For steep slopes and special situations where greater control is needed, erosion control blankets anchored with stakes should be used instead of mulch.  Hydraulic mulching consists of wood cellulose fibers mixed with water and a tackifying agent and should be applied at a rate of no less than 1,500 pounds per acre (1,425 lbs of fibers mixed with at least 75 lbs of tackifier) with a hydraulic mulcher. For steeper slopes, up to 2000 pounds per acre may be required for effective hydroseeding. Hydromulch typically requires up to 24 hours to dry; therefore, it should not be applied immediately prior to inclement weather. Application to roads, waterways and existing vegetation should be avoided.  Erosion control mats, blankets, or nets are recommended to help stabilize steep slopes (generally 3:1 and steeper) and waterways. Depending on the product, these may be used alone or in conjunction with grass or straw mulch. Normally, use of these products will be restricted to relatively small areas. Biodegradable mats made of straw and jute, straw-coconut, coconut fiber, or excelsior can be used instead of mulch. (See the ECM/TRM BMP for more information.)  Some tackifiers or binders may be used to anchor mulch. Check with the local jurisdiction for allowed tackifiers. Manufacturer's recommendations should be followed at all times. (See the Soil Binder BMP for more information on general types of tackifiers.)  Rock can also be used as mulch. It provides protection of exposed soils to wind and water erosion and allows infiltration of precipitation. An aggregate base course can be spread on disturbed areas for temporary or permanent stabilization. The rock mulch layer should be thick enough to provide full coverage of exposed soil on the area it is applied. Maintenance and Removal After mulching, the bare ground surface should not be more than 10 percent exposed. Reapply mulch, as needed, to cover bare areas. Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECP) EC-6 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District RECP-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph RECP-1. Erosion control blanket protecting the slope from erosion and providing favorable conditions for revegetation. Description Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECPs) include a variety of temporary or permanently installed manufactured products designed to control erosion and enhance vegetation establishment and survivability, particularly on slopes and in channels. For applications where natural vegetation alone will provide sufficient permanent erosion protection, temporary products such as netting, open weave textiles and a variety of erosion control blankets (ECBs) made of biodegradable natural materials (e.g., straw, coconut fiber) can be used. For applications where natural vegetation alone will not be sustainable under expected flow conditions, permanent rolled erosion control products such as turf reinforcement mats (TRMs) can be used. In particular, turf reinforcement mats are designed for discharges that exert velocities and sheer stresses that exceed the typical limits of mature natural vegetation. Appropriate Uses RECPs can be used to control erosion in conjunction with revegetation efforts, providing seedbed protection from wind and water erosion. These products are often used on disturbed areas on steep slopes, in areas with highly erosive soils, or as part of drainageway stabilization. In order to select the appropriate RECP for site conditions, it is important to have a general understanding of the general types of these products, their expected longevity, and general characteristics. The Erosion Control Technology Council (ECTC 2005) characterizes rolled erosion control products according to these categories:  Mulch control netting: A planar woven natural fiber or extruded geosynthetic mesh used as a temporary degradable rolled erosion control product to anchor loose fiber mulches.  Open weave textile: A temporary degradable rolled erosion control product composed of processed natural or polymer yarns woven into a matrix, used to provide erosion control and facilitate vegetation establishment.  Erosion control blanket (ECB): A temporary degradable rolled erosion control product composed of processed natural or polymer fibers which are mechanically, structurally or chemically bound together to form a continuous matrix to provide erosion control and facilitate vegetation establishment. ECBs can be further differentiated into rapidly degrading single-net and double-net types or slowly degrading types. Rolled Erosion Control Products Functions Erosion Control Yes Sediment Control No Site/Material Management No EC-6 Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECP) RECP-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3  Turf Reinforcement Mat (TRM): A rolled erosion control product composed of non-degradable synthetic fibers, filaments, nets, wire mesh, and/or other elements, processed into a permanent, three- dimensional matrix of sufficient thickness. TRMs, which may be supplemented with degradable components, are designed to impart immediate erosion protection, enhance vegetation establishment and provide long-term functionality by permanently reinforcing vegetation during and after maturation. Note: TRMs are typically used in hydraulic applications, such as high flow ditches and channels, steep slopes, stream banks, and shorelines, where erosive forces may exceed the limits of natural, unreinforced vegetation or in areas where limited vegetation establishment is anticipated. Tables RECP-1 and RECP-2 provide guidelines for selecting rolled erosion control products appropriate to site conditions and desired longevity. Table RECP-1 is for conditions where natural vegetation alone will provide permanent erosion control, whereas Table RECP-2 is for conditions where vegetation alone will not be adequately stable to provide long-term erosion protection due to flow or other conditions. Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECP) EC-6 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District RECP-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Table RECP-1. ECTC Standard Specification for Temporary Rolled Erosion Control Products (Adapted from Erosion Control Technology Council 2005) Product Description Slope Applications* Channel Applications* Minimum Tensile Strength1 Expected Longevity Maximum Gradient C Factor2,5 Max. Shear Stress3,4,6 Mulch Control Nets 5:1 (H:V) ≤0.10 @ 5:1 0.25 lbs/ft2 (12 Pa) 5 lbs/ft (0.073 kN/m) Up to 12 months Netless Rolled Erosion Control Blankets 4:1 (H:V) ≤0.10 @ 4:1 0.5 lbs/ft2 (24 Pa) 5 lbs/ft (0.073 kN/m) Single-net Erosion Control Blankets & Open Weave Textiles 3:1 (H:V) ≤0.15 @ 3:1 1.5 lbs/ft2 (72 Pa) 50 lbs/ft (0.73 kN/m) Double-net Erosion Control Blankets 2:1 (H:V) ≤0.20 @ 2:1 1.75 lbs/ft2 (84 Pa) 75 lbs/ft (1.09 kN/m) Mulch Control Nets 5:1 (H:V) ≤0.10 @ 5:1 0.25 lbs/ft2 (12 Pa) 25 lbs/ft (0.36 kN/m) 24 months Erosion Control Blankets & Open Weave Textiles EC-6 Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECP) RECP-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Table RECP-2. ECTC Standard Specification for Permanent1 Rolled Erosion Control Products (Adapted from: Erosion Control Technology Council 2005) Product Type Slope Applications Channel Applications TRMs with a minimum thickness of 0.25 inches (6.35 mm) per ASTM D 6525 and UV stability of 80% per ASTM D 4355 (500 hours exposure). Maximum Gradient Maximum Shear Stress4,5 Minimum Tensile Strength2,3 0.5:1 (H:V) 6.0 lbs/ft2 (288 Pa) 125 lbs/ft (1.82 kN/m) 0.5:1 (H:V) 8.0 lbs/ft2 (384 Pa) 150 lbs/ft (2.19 kN/m) 0.5:1 (H:V) 10.0 lbs/ft2 (480 Pa) 175 lbs/ft (2.55 kN/m) 1 For TRMs containing degradable components, all property values must be obtained on the non- degradable portion of the matting alone. 2 Minimum Average Roll Values, machine direction only for tensile strength determination using ASTM D 6818 (Supersedes Mod. ASTM D 5035 for RECPs) 3 Field conditions with high loading and/or high survivability requirements may warrant the use of a TRM with a tensile strength of 44 kN/m (3,000 lb/ft) or greater. 4 Required minimum shear stress TRM (fully vegetated) can sustain without physical damage or excess erosion (> 12.7 mm (0.5 in.) soil loss) during a 30-minute flow event in large scale testing. 5 Acceptable large-scale testing protocols may include ASTM D 6460, or other independent testing deemed acceptable by the engineer. Design and Installation RECPs should be installed according to manufacturer’s specifications and guidelines. Regardless of the type of product used, it is important to ensure no gaps or voids exist under the material and that all corners of the material are secured using stakes and trenching. Continuous contact between the product and the soil is necessary to avoid failure. Never use metal stakes to secure temporary erosion control products. Often wooden stakes are used to anchor RECPs; however, wood stakes may present installation and maintenance challenges and generally take a long time to biodegrade. Some local jurisdictions have had favorable experiences using biodegradable stakes. This BMP Fact Sheet provides design details for several commonly used ECB applications, including: ECB-1 Pipe Outlet to Drainageway ECB-2 Small Ditch or Drainageway ECB-3 Outside of Drainageway Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECP) EC-6 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District RECP-5 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Staking patterns are also provided in the design details according to these factors:  ECB type  Slope or channel type For other types of RECPs including TRMs, these design details are intended to serve as general guidelines for design and installation; however, engineers should adhere to manufacturer’s installation recommendations. Maintenance and Removal Inspection of erosion control blankets and other RECPs includes:  Check for general signs of erosion, including voids beneath the mat. If voids are apparent, fill the void with suitable soil and replace the erosion control blanket, following the appropriate staking pattern.  Check for damaged or loose stakes and secure loose portions of the blanket. Erosion control blankets and other RECPs that are biodegradable typically do not need to be removed after construction. If they must be removed, then an alternate soil stabilization method should be installed promptly following removal. Turf reinforcement mats, although generally resistant to biodegradation, are typically left in place as a dense vegetated cover grows in through the mat matrix. The turf reinforcement mat provides long-term stability and helps the established vegetation resist erosive forces. EC-6 Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECP) RECP-6 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECP) EC-6 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District RECP-7 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 EC-6 Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECP) RECP-8 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECP) EC-6 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District RECP-9 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Temporary Outlet Protection (TOP) EC-8 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District TOP-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph TOP-1. Riprap outlet protection. Description Outlet protection helps to reduce erosion immediately downstream of a pipe, culvert, slope drain, rundown or other conveyance with concentrated, high- velocity flows. Typical outlet protection consists of riprap or rock aprons at the conveyance outlet. Appropriate Uses Outlet protection should be used when a conveyance discharges onto a disturbed area where there is potential for accelerated erosion due to concentrated flow. Outlet protection should be provided where the velocity at the culvert outlet exceeds the maximum permissible velocity of the material in the receiving channel. Note: This Fact Sheet and detail are for temporary outlet protection, outlets that are intended to be used for less than 2 years. For permanent, long-term outlet protection, see the Major Drainage chapter of Volume 1. Design and Installation Design outlet protection to handle runoff from the largest drainage area that may be contributing runoff during construction (the drainage area may change as a result of grading). Key in rock, around the entire perimeter of the apron, to a minimum depth of 6 inches for stability. Extend riprap to the height of the culvert or the normal flow depth of the downstream channel, whichever is less. Additional erosion control measures such as vegetative lining, turf reinforcement mat and/or other channel lining methods may be required downstream of the outlet protection if the channel is susceptible to erosion. See Design Detail OP-1 for additional information. Maintenance and Removal Inspect apron for damage and displaced rocks. If rocks are missing or significantly displaced, repair or replace as necessary. If rocks are continuously missing or displaced, consider increasing the size of the riprap or deeper keying of the perimeter. Remove sediment accumulated at the outlet before the outlet protection becomes buried and ineffective. When sediment accumulation is noted, check that upgradient BMPs, including inlet protection, are in effective operating condition. Outlet protection may be removed once the pipe is no longer draining an upstream area, or once the downstream area has been sufficiently stabilized. If the drainage pipe is permanent, outlet protection can be left in place; however, permanent outlet protection should be designed and constructed in accordance with the requirements of the Major Drainage chapter of Volume 2. Outlet Protection Functions Erosion Control Yes Sediment Control Moderate Site/Material Management No EC-8 Temporary Outlet Protection (TOP) TOP-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Temporary Outlet Protection (TOP) EC-8 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District TOP-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Check Dams (CD) EC-12 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District CD-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph CD-1. Rock check dams in a roadside ditch. Photo courtesy of WWE. Description Check dams are temporary grade control structures placed in drainage channels to limit the erosivity of stormwater by reducing flow velocity. Check dams are typically constructed from rock, gravel bags, sand bags, or sometimes, proprietary devices. Reinforced check dams are typically constructed from rock and wire gabion. Although the primary function of check dams is to reduce the velocity of concentrated flows, a secondary benefit is sediment trapping upstream of the structure. Appropriate Uses Use as a grade control for temporary drainage ditches or swales until final soil stabilization measures are established upstream and downstream. Check dams can be used on mild or moderately steep slopes. Check dams may be used under the following conditions:  As temporary grade control facilities along waterways until final stabilization is established.  Along permanent swales that need protection prior to installation of a non-erodible lining.  Along temporary channels, ditches or swales that need protection where construction of a non- erodible lining is not practicable.  Reinforced check dams should be used in areas subject to high flow velocities. Design and Installation Place check dams at regularly spaced intervals along the drainage swale or ditch. Check dams heights should allow for pools to develop upstream of each check dam, extending to the downstream toe of the check dam immediately upstream. When rock is used for the check dam, place rock mechanically or by hand. Do not dump rocks into the drainage channel. Where multiple check dams are used, the top of the lower dam should be at the same elevation as the toe of the upper dam. When reinforced check dams are used, install erosion control fabric under and around the check dam to prevent erosion on the upstream and downstream sides. Each section of the dam should be keyed in to reduce the potential for washout or undermining. A rock apron upstream and downstream of the dam may be necessary to further control erosion. Check Dams Functions Erosion Control Yes Sediment Control Moderate Site/Material Management No EC-12 Check Dams (CD) CD-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Design details with notes are provided for the following types of check dams:  Rock Check Dams (CD-1)  Reinforced Check Dams (CD-2) Sediment control logs may also be used as check dams; however, silt fence is not appropriate for use as a check dam. Many jurisdictions also prohibit or discourage use of straw bales for this purpose. Maintenance and Removal Replace missing rocks causing voids in the check dam. If gravel bags or sandbags are used, replace or repair torn or displaced bags. Remove accumulated sediment, as needed to maintain BMP effectiveness, typically before the sediment depth upstream of the check dam is within ½ of the crest height. Remove accumulated sediment prior to mulching, seeding, or chemical soil stabilization. Removed sediment can be incorporated into the earthwork with approval from the Project Engineer, or disposed of at an alternate location in accordance with the standard specifications. Check dams constructed in permanent swales should be removed when perennial grasses have become established, or immediately prior to installation of a non-erodible lining. All of the rock and accumulated sediment should be removed, and the area seeded and mulched, or otherwise stabilized. Check Dams (CD) EC-12 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District CD-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 EC-12 Check Dams (CD) CD-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Check Dams (CD) EC-12 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District CD-5 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 EC-12 Check Dams (CD) CD-6 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Wind Erosion/Dust Control (DC) EC-14 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District DC-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph DC-1. Water truck used for dust suppression. Photo courtesy of Douglas County. Description Wind erosion and dust control BMPs help to keep soil particles from entering the air as a result of land disturbing construction activities. These BMPs include a variety of practices generally focused on either graded disturbed areas or construction roadways. For graded areas, practices such as seeding and mulching, use of soil binders, site watering, or other practices that provide prompt surface cover should be used. For construction roadways, road watering and stabilized surfaces should be considered. Appropriate Uses Dust control measures should be used on any site where dust poses a problem to air quality. Dust control is important to control for the health of construction workers and surrounding waterbodies. Design and Installation The following construction BMPs can be used for dust control:  An irrigation/sprinkler system can be used to wet the top layer of disturbed soil to help keep dry soil particles from becoming airborne.  Seeding and mulching can be used to stabilize disturbed surfaces and reduce dust emissions.  Protecting existing vegetation can help to slow wind velocities across the ground surface, thereby limiting the likelihood of soil particles to become airborne.  Spray-on soil binders form a bond between soil particles keeping them grounded. Chemical treatments may require additional permitting requirements. Potential impacts to surrounding waterways and habitat must be considered prior to use.  Placing rock on construction roadways and entrances will help keep dust to a minimum across the construction site.  Wind fences can be installed on site to reduce wind speeds. Install fences perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction for maximum effectiveness. Maintenance and Removal When using an irrigation/sprinkler control system to aid in dust control, be careful not to overwater. Overwatering will cause construction vehicles to track mud off-site. Wind Erosion Control/ Dust Control Functions Erosion Control Yes Sediment Control No Site/Material Management Moderate Concrete Washout Area (CWA) MM-1 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District CWA-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph CWA-1. Example of concrete washout area. Note gravel tracking pad for access and sign. Description Concrete waste management involves designating and properly managing a specific area of the construction site as a concrete washout area. A concrete washout area can be created using one of several approaches designed to receive wash water from washing of tools and concrete mixer chutes, liquid concrete waste from dump trucks, mobile batch mixers, or pump trucks. Three basic approaches are available: excavation of a pit in the ground, use of an above ground storage area, or use of prefabricated haul- away concrete washout containers. Surface discharges of concrete washout water from construction sites are prohibited. Appropriate Uses Concrete washout areas must be designated on all sites that will generate concrete wash water or liquid concrete waste from onsite concrete mixing or concrete delivery. Because pH is a pollutant of concern for washout activities, when unlined pits are used for concrete washout, the soil must have adequate buffering capacity to result in protection of state groundwater standards; otherwise, a liner/containment must be used. The following management practices are recommended to prevent an impact from unlined pits to groundwater:  The use of the washout site should be temporary (less than 1 year), and  The washout site should be not be located in an area where shallow groundwater may be present, such as near natural drainages, springs, or wetlands. Design and Installation Concrete washout activities must be conducted in a manner that does not contribute pollutants to surface waters or stormwater runoff. Concrete washout areas may be lined or unlined excavated pits in the ground, commercially manufactured prefabricated washout containers, or aboveground holding areas constructed of berms, sandbags or straw bales with a plastic liner. Although unlined washout areas may be used, lined pits may be required to protect groundwater under certain conditions. Do not locate an unlined washout area within 400 feet of any natural drainage pathway or waterbody or within 1,000 feet of any wells or drinking water sources. Even for lined concrete washouts, it is advisable to locate the facility away from waterbodies and drainage paths. If site constraints make these Concrete Washout Area Functions Erosion Control No Sediment Control No Site/Material Management Yes MM-1 Concrete Washout Area (CWA) CWA-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 setbacks infeasible or if highly permeable soils exist in the area, then the pit must be installed with an impermeable liner (16 mil minimum thickness) or surface storage alternatives using prefabricated concrete washout devices or a lined aboveground storage area should be used. Design details with notes are provided in Detail CWA-1 for pits and CWA-2 for aboveground storage areas. Pre-fabricated concrete washout container information can be obtained from vendors. Maintenance and Removal A key consideration for concrete washout areas is to ensure that adequate signage is in place identifying the location of the washout area. Part of inspecting and maintaining washout areas is ensuring that adequate signage is provided and in good repair and that the washout area is being used, as opposed to washout in non-designated areas of the site. Remove concrete waste in the washout area, as needed to maintain BMP function (typically when filled to about two-thirds of its capacity). Collect concrete waste and deliver offsite to a designated disposal location. Upon termination of use of the washout site, accumulated solid waste, including concrete waste and any contaminated soils, must be removed from the site to prevent on-site disposal of solid waste. If the wash water is allowed to evaporate and the concrete hardens, it may be recycled. Photograph CWA-3. Earthen concrete washout. Photo courtesy of CDOT. Photograph CWA-2. Prefabricated concrete washout. Photo courtesy of CDOT. Concrete Washout Area (CWA) MM-1 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District CWA-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 MM-1 Concrete Washout Area (CWA) CWA-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Stockpile Management (SP) MM-2 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SP-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph SP-1. A topsoil stockpile that has been partially revegetated and is protected by silt fence perimeter control. Description Stockpile management includes measures to minimize erosion and sediment transport from soil stockpiles. Appropriate Uses Stockpile management should be used when soils or other erodible materials are stored at the construction site. Special attention should be given to stockpiles in close proximity to natural or manmade storm systems. Design and Installation Locate stockpiles away from all drainage system components including storm sewer inlets. Where practical, choose stockpile locations that that will remain undisturbed for the longest period of time as the phases of construction progress. Place sediment control BMPs around the perimeter of the stockpile, such as sediment control logs, rock socks, silt fence, straw bales and sand bags. See Detail SP-1 for guidance on proper establishment of perimeter controls around a stockpile. For stockpiles in active use, provide a stabilized designated access point on the upgradient side of the stockpile. Stabilize the stockpile surface with surface roughening, temporary seeding and mulching, erosion control blankets, or soil binders. Soils stockpiled for an extended period (typically for more than 60 days) should be seeded and mulched with a temporary grass cover once the stockpile is placed (typically within 14 days). Use of mulch only or a soil binder is acceptable if the stockpile will be in place for a more limited time period (typically 30-60 days). Timeframes for stabilization of stockpiles noted in this fact sheet are "typical" guidelines. Check permit requirements for specific federal, state, and/or local requirements that may be more prescriptive. Stockpiles should not be placed in streets or paved areas unless no other practical alternative exists. See the Stabilized Staging Area Fact Sheet for guidance when staging in roadways is unavoidable due to space or right-of-way constraints. For paved areas, rock socks must be used for perimeter control and all inlets with the potential to receive sediment from the stockpile (even from vehicle tracking) must be protected. Maintenance and Removal Inspect perimeter controls and inlet protection in accordance with their respective BMP Fact Sheets. Where seeding, mulch and/or soil binders are used, reseeding or reapplication of soil binder may be necessary. When temporary removal of a perimeter BMP is necessary to access a stockpile, ensure BMPs are reinstalled in accordance with their respective design detail section. Stockpile Management Functions Erosion Control Yes Sediment Control Yes Site/Material Management Yes MM-2 Stockpile Management (SM) SP-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 When the stockpile is no longer needed, properly dispose of excess materials and revegetate or otherwise stabilize the ground surface where the stockpile was located. Stockpile Management (SP) MM-2 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SP-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 MM-2 Stockpile Management (SM) SP-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Stockpile Management (SP) MM-2 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SP-5 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 MM-2 Stockpile Management (SM) SP-6 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Note: Toilet must be Anchored at each Corner Stakes or Anchors are Required Sanitary / Septic Waste Management (SSWM) Description and Purpose Proper sanitary and septic waste management prevent the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from sanitary and septic waste by providing convenient, well-maintained facilities, and arranging for regular service and disposal. Suitable Application Sanitary septic waste management practices are suitable for use at all construction sites that use temporary or portable sanitary and septic waste systems. Implementation Sanitary or septic wastes should be treated or disposed of in accordance with state and local requirements by reputable, licensed sanitary and septic waste haulers. If using an onsite disposal system (OSDS), such as a septic system, local health agency requirements must be followed. Procedures  Portable toilets must be provided if no permanent facilities are available.  Sanitary facilities will be located in close proximity to areas where people are working.  Locate portable toilets a minimum of 20 feet away from storm drain inlets, conveyance channels, or surface waters. If unable to meet 20-foot distance requirement, provide containment for portable toilets. (refer to local regulations for additional guidance)  Untreated raw wastewater should never be discharged or buried.  Temporary septic systems should treat wastes to appropriate levels before discharging.  Temporary sanitary facilities that discharge to the sanitary sewer system should be properly connected to avoid illicit discharges.  Sanitary and septic facilities should be maintained in good working order by a licensed service.  Regular waste collection by a licensed hauler should be arranged before facilities overflow.  Portable toilets must be secured to the ground by stakes or other suitable means to prevent them from turning over during high winds or by accident. Inspection and Maintenance:  Inspect regularly for proper operation  Insure the facility is anchored and located properly  Look for spills and leaks surrounding the facility  Service should be performed on the facility on a regular basis to insure proper operation  Spills and leaks should be cleaned up and disposed of in accordance with local regulations . Covering Outdoor Storage and Handling Areas S-1 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District CS-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph CS-1. Covered truck loading dock helps reduce exposure of materials to runoff. Description When raw materials, byproducts, finished products, storage tanks, and other materials are stored or handled outdoors, stormwater runoff that comes in contact with the materials can become contaminated. Proactively covering storage and handling areas can be an effective source control for such areas. Coverings can be permanent or temporary and consist of tarp, plastic sheeting, roofing, enclosed structures, or other approaches that reduce exposure of materials to rainfall, runoff, and wind. Appropriate Uses Covering is appropriate for areas where solids (e.g., gravel, salt, compost, building materials) or liquids (e.g., oil, gas, tar) are stored, prepared, or transferred. Consider covering the following areas:  Loading and Unloading: Loading and unloading operations usually take place outside on docks, truck terminals, or outside storage or staging areas at industrial and commercial sites. Materials spilled, leaked, or lost during loading and unloading may collect in the soil or other surfaces and be carried away by runoff, or when the area is cleaned. In addition to spills to the ground surface, rainfall may wash pollutants off machinery used to unload and load materials. Materials may be spilled during transfer between storage facilities and truck or rail car during pumping of liquids, pneumatic transfer of dry chemicals, mechanical transfer using conveyor systems, or transfers of bags, boxes, drums, or other containers by forklift, trucks, or other material handling equipment.  Aboveground Tanks/Liquid Storage: Accidental releases of chemicals from above-ground liquid storage tanks can contaminate stormwater with a variety of pollutants. Several common causes of accidental releases from above-ground tanks include: external corrosion and structural failure, problems due to improper installation, spills and overfills due to operator error, failure of piping systems, and leaks or spills during pumping of liquids or gases between trucks or rail cars to a storage facility.  Outside Manufacturing: Common outside manufacturing activities may include parts assembly, rock grinding or crushing, metals painting or coating, grinding or sanding, degreasing, concrete manufacturing, parts cleaning or operations that use hazardous materials. These activities can result in dry deposition of dust, metal and wood shavings and liquid discharges of dripping or leaking fluids from equipment or processes and other residuals being washed away in storm runoff. In addition to the manufacturing process, outside storage of materials and waste products may occur in conjunction with outside manufacturing.  Waste Management: Wastes spilled, leached, or lost from outdoor waste management areas or outside manufacturing activities may accumulate in soils or on other surfaces and be carried away by rainfall runoff. There is also the potential for liquid wastes from surface impoundments to overflow to surface waters or soak the soil where they can be picked up by runoff. Possible stormwater S-1 Covering Outdoor Storage and Handling Areas CS-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 contaminants include toxic compounds, oil and grease, oxygen-demanding organics, paints and solvents, heavy metals and high levels of suspended solids. Lack of coverage of waste receptacles can result in rainwater seeping through the material and collecting contaminants or the material being blown around the site and into the stormwater collection system. Typical contaminant sources include: landfills, waste piles, wastewater and solid waste treatment and disposal, land application sites, dumpsters, or unlabeled drums.  Outside Storage of Materials: Raw materials, intermediate products, byproducts, process residuals, finished products, containers, and materials storage areas can be sources of pollutants such as metals, oils and grease, sediment and other contaminants. Pollutant transport can occur when solid materials wash off or dissolve into water, or when spills or leaks occur.  Salt Storage: Salt left exposed to rain or snow may migrate to the storm sewer or contaminate soils. Salt spilled or blown onto the ground during loading or unloading will dissolve in stormwater runoff. Stormwater contaminated with salt in high concentrations can be harmful to vegetation, aquatic life and groundwater quality. Typical contaminant sources include salt stored outside in piles or bags, salt loading and unloading areas, and salt/sand storage piles used for deicing operations. Practice Guidelines  Where practical, conduct operations indoors. Where impractical, select an appropriate temporary or permanent covering to reduce exposure of materials to rainfall and runoff.  The type of covering selected depends on a variety of factors such as the type and size of activity being conducted and materials involved. Types of cover range from relatively inexpensive tarps and plastic sheeting to overhead structures or fully enclosed buildings equipped with ventilation, lighting, etc.  Covering practices should be combined with Good Housekeeping BMPs to be most effective. Spill containment berms are also often needed at industrial sites.  Measures such as tarps and plastic sheets typically require more frequent inspection and maintenance than constructed facilities. Good Housekeeping S-5 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District GH-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph GH-1. Use dry clean-up methods to remove spilled materials. Photo courtesy of Colorado Nonpoint Source Program. Description Good housekeeping practices are designed to maintain a clean and orderly work environment. The most effective first steps towards preventing pollution in stormwater from work sites simply involve using common sense to improve the facility’s basic housekeeping methods. Poor housekeeping practices result in increased waste and potential for stormwater contamination. A clean and orderly work site reduces the possibility of accidental spills caused by mishandling of chemicals and equipment and should reduce safety hazards to personnel. A well-maintained material and chemical storage area will reduce the possibility of stormwater mixing with pollutants. Some simple procedures a facility can use to promote good housekeeping include improved operation and maintenance of machinery and processes, material storage practices, material inventory controls, routine and regular clean-up schedules, maintaining well organized work areas, signage, and educational programs for employees and the general public about all of these practices. Appropriate Uses Good housekeeping practices require education and training, typically targeted to industries and businesses, municipal employees, as well as the general public. Practice Guidelines Good housekeeping practices include these general areas:  Operation and Maintenance  Material Storage  Material Inventory  Training and Participation. Operation and Maintenance Consider implementing the following practices:  Maintain dry and clean floors and ground surfaces by using brooms, shovels, vacuums or cleaning machines, rather than wet clean-up methods.  Regularly collect and dispose of garbage and waste material. S-5 Good Housekeeping GH-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3  Routinely inspect equipment to ensure that it is functioning properly without leaking and conduct preventative maintenance and needed repairs.  Train employees on proper clean up and spill response procedures.  Designate separate areas of the site for auto parking, vehicle refueling and routine maintenance.  Promptly clean up leaks, drips and other spills.  Cover and maintain dumpsters and waste receptacles. Add additional dumpsters or increase frequency of waste collection if overflowing conditions reoccur.  Where outdoor painting and sanding occur, implement these practices: o Conduct these activities in designated areas that provide adequate protection to prevent overspray and uncontrolled emissions. All operations should be conducted on paved surfaces to facilitate cleanup. o Use portable containment as necessary for outside operations. o Clean up and properly dispose of excess paint, paint chips, protective coatings, grit waste, etc.  Maintain vegetation on facility grounds in a manner that minimizes erosion. Follow the Landscape Maintenance and Pesticide, Herbicide and Fertilizer Usage BMPs to ensure that minimum amounts of chemicals needed for healthy vegetation are applied in a manner that minimizes transport of these materials in runoff. Material Storage Practices Proper storage techniques include the following:  Provide adequate aisle space to facilitate material transfer and ease of access for inspection.  Store containers, drums, and bags away from direct traffic routes to reduce container damage resulting in accidental spills.  Stack containers according to manufacturer’s instructions to avoid damaging the containers from improper weight distribution. Also store materials in accordance with directions in Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs).  Store containers on pallets or similar devices to prevent corrosion of containers that results from containers coming in contact with moisture on the ground.  Store toxic or hazardous liquids within curbed areas or secondary containers. Material Inventory Practices An up-to-date materials inventory can keep material costs down by preventing overstocking, track how materials are stored and handled onsite, and identify which materials and activities pose the most risk to the environment. Assign responsibility of hazardous material inventory to individuals trained to handle such materials. A material inventory should include these steps:  Identify all chemical substances present at work site. Perform a walk-through of the site, review Good Housekeeping S-5 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District GH-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 purchase orders, list all chemical substances used and obtain Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all chemicals.  Label all containers. Labels should provide name and type of substance, stock number, expiration date, health hazards, handling suggestions, and first aid information. Much of, this information can be found on an MSDS.  Clearly identify special handling, storage, use and disposal considerations for hazardous materials on the material inventory.  Institute a shelf-life program to improve material tracking and inventory that can reduce the amount of materials that are overstocked and ensure proper disposal of expired materials. Careful tracking of materials ordered can result in more efficient materials use. Decisions on the amounts of hazardous materials that are stored on site should include an evaluation of any emergency control systems that are in place. All storage areas for hazardous materials should be designed to contain spills. Training and Participation Frequent and proper training in good housekeeping techniques reduces the likelihood that chemicals or equipment will be mishandled. To promote good housekeeping, consider implementing these practices:  Discuss good housekeeping practices in training programs and meetings.  Publicize pollution prevention concepts through posters or signs.  Post bulletin boards with updated good housekeeping procedures, tips and reminders. Preventative Maintenance S-6 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District PM-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph PM-1. Preventative maintenance can reduce the frequency and occurrence of leaked or spilled material that can be transported in stormwater runoff. Description Preventative maintenance involves proactive routine inspection and testing of plant equipment and operational systems to prevent leaks and spills. A preventative maintenance program should also include inspections of conveyance channels, storm sewers, inlets, catch basins, stormwater detention areas, and other water quality treatment systems associated with the site. Appropriate Uses This BMP is applicable to municipal, industrial and commercial sites. Preventative maintenance programs typically incorporate practices identified in the Good Housekeeping, Materials Storage and Handling, Vehicle Fueling, Maintenance and Storage, and other source control BMPs. See the Structural BMP Maintenance chapter for preventative maintenance for stormwater BMPs. Practice Guidelines Elements of a good preventative maintenance program should include:  Identification of equipment or systems, which may malfunction and cause spills, leaks, or other situations that could lead to contamination of stormwater runoff. Typical equipment to inspect includes pipes, pumps, storage tanks and bins, pressure vessels, pressure release valves, process and material handling equipment.  Once equipment and areas to be inspected have been identified at the facility, establish schedules and procedures for routine inspections and scheduling repairs.  Periodic testing of plant equipment for structural soundness is a key element in a preventative maintenance program.  Promptly repair or replace defective equipment found during inspection and testing.  Keep spare parts for equipment that needs frequent repair.  Replace worn parts prior to failure.  Implement, maintain and regularly review a record keeping system for scheduling tests and documenting inspections in the preventative maintenance program. Be sure to follow inspections promptly with completion of needed repairs. Clearly record the problem and the specific actions taken to correct the problem. Photos can be helpful components of such records. An annual review of these records should be conducted to evaluate the overall effectiveness of the preventative maintenance program. Refinements to the preventative maintenance procedures and tasking should be implemented as necessary. Vehicle Maintenance, Fueling and Storage S-7 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District VFM-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph VF-1. Use drip pans to collect leaks from vehicles until repairs can be completed. Photo courtesy of Tom Gore. Description Areas where vehicles are fueled, maintained, and stored/parked can be pollutant "hot spots" that can result in hydrocarbons, trace metals, and other pollutants being transported in stormwater runoff. Proper fueling operations, storage of automotive fluids and effective spill cleanup procedures can help reduce contamination of stormwater runoff from vehicle maintenance and fueling facilities. Fuel-related spills can occur due to inattention during fueling or "topping off" fuel tanks. Common activities at commercial, industrial and municipal maintenance shops include parts cleaning, vehicle fluid replacement, and equipment replacement and repair. Some of the wastes generated at automobile maintenance facilities include solvents (degreasers, paint thinners, etc.), antifreeze, brake fluid and brake pad dust, battery acid, motor oil, fuel, and lubricating grease. Fleet storage areas and customer and employee parking can also be a source of vehicle-related contamination from leaks, antifreeze spills, etc. Appropriate Uses These BMP guidelines are applicable to vehicle maintenance, fueling, fleet storage and parking facilities. Be aware that washing vehicles and equipment outdoors or in areas where wash water flows onto the ground can pollute stormwater. Vehicle wash water is considered process wastewater that should not be discharged to the storm sewer system. Consult state and federal discharge permit requirements for proper disposal of vehicle washwater, which is typically accomplished through discharge to the sanitary sewer system. Practice Guidelines1  Perform maintenance activities inside or under cover. When repairs cannot be performed indoors, be sure to use drip pans or absorbents. Vehicle Maintenance The most effective way to minimize wastes generated by automotive maintenance activities is to prevent their production in the first place. Consider adopting these practices:  Keep equipment clean and free of excessive oil and grease buildup. 1 Guidelines adapted from the USEPA Menu of BMPs. S-7 Vehicle Maintenance, Fueling and Storage VFM-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3  Promptly cleanup spills using dry methods and properly dispose of waste. When water is required, use as little as possible to clean spills, leaks, and drips.  Use a solvent collection service to collect spent solvent used for parts cleaning. Where practical, use detergent-based, steam cleaning, or pressure-based cleaning systems instead of organic solvent degreasers when practical. (Be aware that cleaning water discharged into the sanitary sewer may require pre-treatment prior to discharge.)  When using liquids for cleaning, use a centralized station to ensure that solvents and residues stay in one area. Locate drip pans and draining boards to direct solvents back into a solvent sink or holding tank for reuse.  Store used oil for recycling in labeled tanks. Locate used oil tanks and drums away from storm drains, flowing streams, and preferably indoors.  Use non-hazardous or less hazardous alternatives when practical. For example, replace chlorinated organic solvents with non-chlorinated ones like kerosene or mineral spirits.  Properly recycle or dispose of grease, oil, antifreeze, brake fluid, cleaning solutions, hydraulic fluid, batteries, transmission fluid, worn parts, filters, and rags.  Drain and crush oil filters before recycling or disposal.  Drain all fluids and remove batteries from salvage vehicles and equipment.  Closely monitor parked vehicles for leaks and place pans under any leaks to collect the fluids for proper disposal or recycling.  Install berms or other measures to contain spills and prevent work surface runoff from entering storm drains.  Develop and follow a spill prevention plan. This includes a variety of measures such as spill kits and knowing where storm drains are located and how to protect them (e.g., drain mat, berm) when larger spills occur. (See the Spill Prevention, Containment and Control BMP for more information.)  Conduct periodic employee training to reinforce proper disposal practices.  Promptly transfer used fluids to recycling drums or hazardous waste containers.  Store cracked batteries in leak-proof secondary containers.  Inspect outdoor storage areas regularly for drips, spills and improperly stored materials (unlabeled containers, auto parts that might contain grease or fluids, etc.). This is particularly important for parking areas for vehicles awaiting repair.  Structural stormwater BMPs in vehicle hotspot areas require routine cleanout of oil and grease, sometimes monthly or more frequently. During periods of heavy rainfall, cleanout is required more often to ensure that pollutants are not washed through the trap. Sediment removal is also required on a regular basis to keep the BMP working efficiently. Vehicle Maintenance, Fueling and Storage S-7 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District VFM-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Vehicle Fueling  Designated fueling areas should be designed to prevent stormwater runoff and spills. For example, fuel-dispensing areas should be paved with concrete or an equivalent impervious surface, with an adequate slope to prevent ponding, and separated from the rest of the site by a grade break or berm that prevents run-on of stormwater.  Fuel dispensing areas should be covered. The cover's minimum dimensions must be equal to or greater than the area within the grade break or the fuel dispensing area so that the fueling area is completely covered. It may be necessary to install and maintain an oil capture device in catch basins that have the potential to receive runoff from the fueling area.  For facilities where equipment is being fueled with a mobile fuel truck, establish a designated fueling area. Place temporary "caps" over nearby catch basins or manhole covers so that if a spill occurs, it is prevented from entering the storm drain. A form of secondary containment should be used when transferring fuel from the tank truck to the fuel tank. Storm drains in the vicinity should also be covered. Install vapor recovery nozzles to help control drips, as well as reduce air pollution.  Keep spill response information and spill cleanup materials onsite and readily available.  Fuel-dispensing areas should be inspected regularly and repair promptly completed. Inspectors should: o Check for external corrosion and structural failure in aboveground tanks. o Check for spills and overfills due to operator error. o Check for failure of any piping systems. o Check for leaks or spills during pumping of liquids or gases from a truck or rail car to a storage facility or vice versa. o Visually inspect new tank or container installations for loose fittings, poor welds, and improper or poorly fitted gaskets. o Inspect tank foundations, connections, coatings, tank walls, and piping systems. Look for corrosion, leaks, cracks, scratches, and other physical damage that may weaken the tank or container system.  Aboveground and belowground tanks should be tested periodically for integrity by a qualified professional.  Dry cleanup methods should be employed when cleaning up fuel-dispensing areas. Such methods include sweeping to remove litter and debris and using rags and absorbents for leaks and spills. Water should not be used to wash these areas. During routine cleaning, use a damp cloth on the pumps and a damp mop on the pavement, rather than spraying with a hose. Fuel dispensing nozzles should be fitted with "hold-open latches" (automatic shutoff) except where prohibited by local fire departments. Signs can be posted at the fuel dispenser or island warning vehicle owners/operators against "topping off" vehicle fuel tanks.  Written procedures that describe these BMPs should be provided to employees who will be using fueling systems. Use of Pesticides, Herbicides and Fertilizers S-8 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District PHF-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph PHF-1. Pesticide, fertilizer, and herbicide applications should be applied in the minimum quantities necessary to achieve specific landscaping objectives, while keeping chemicals out of storm drain systems. Photo courtesy of WWE. Description Pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, fuel and other landscape maintenance chemicals must be properly applied, stored, handled and disposed of to prevent contamination of surface water and groundwater. Misuse of pesticides and herbicides can result in adverse impacts to aquatic life, even at low concentrations. Misuse of fertilizer can result in increased algae growth in waterbodies due to excessive phosphorus and nitrogen loading. Appropriate Uses This BMP applies to both commercial and municipal landscaping operations, as well as to homeowners and homeowner associations. For commercial operations, the scale of chemical usage and handling is greater; therefore, additional measures are often required under federal and state law. Practice Guidelines1 Public education regarding appropriate landscape chemical application and handling is an important action that local governments can take to reduce the likelihood that landscape chemicals are washed into storm drains and receiving waters through runoff. Local governments can make landscape care information available on websites, in utility mailers, lawn care centers, and other locations. A variety of professional organizations for lawn care professionals already exist and can be contacted for additional information or partnered with for both public education and landscape professional educational efforts and certification programs (See www.ext.colostate.edu and www.greenco.org.). General Guidelines for Pesticide, Herbicide, and Fertilizer Application  Apply fertilizers, pesticides, and other chemicals according to manufacturer's directions. The label is the law for pesticide usage. Apply pesticides and herbicides only when needed and use in a manner to minimize off-target effects. See the Landscape Management Fact Sheet for fertilizer application guidelines.  Accurately diagnose the pest. Disease and insect symptoms can mimic each other in many plants. A fungicide will not control an insect, and an insecticide will not control a disease.  Be aware that commercial chemical applicators must receive thorough training, licensure and proper certification prior to chemical use. Consult Colorado Department of Agriculture (CDA) Regulations for specific requirements. 1 These practice guidelines have been adapted from the GreenCO Best Management Practices for the Conservation and Protection of Water Quality in Colorado: Moving Toward Sustainability (GreenCO and WWE 2008). See that manual for additional detail and references. S-8 Use of Pesticides, Herbicides and Fertilizers PHF-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Integrated pest management (IPM) (also known as Plant Health Care) is the practice of using targeted biological, chemical, cultural, and physical measures to manage pests while minimizing or eliminating the use of chemical pesticides. IPM measures benefit the landscape and help reduce the likelihood that lawn chemicals will be washed into storm drainage systems in stormwater runoff. The pros and cons of various tools should be weighed and used in an integrated manner to achieve pest control objectives in a safe, effective, and cost-effective manner. Basic IPM practices that can be adopted include:  Consider spot treatments of pests rather than treating the entire area.  Consider pest occurrence and history when developing pest management strategies.  Time pesticide application to minimize host plant damage and maximize pest control.  Rotate annual garden plants to reduce the buildup of soil-borne pests. Clean up plant litter and remove weeds before they go to seed. Remove infested plant residue from the garden in the fall so that pests do not over-winter there.  Implement cultural controls such as proper plant selection, planting time, and planting method to reduce susceptibility to insects, pests, and diseases, thereby reducing pesticide usage.  Implement mechanical and physical controls where practical as an alternative to chemical application. Examples include a wide variety of practices such as "collars" around seedlings, mulching, solar heating, syringing, handpicking, mowing, hoeing, and traps.  Use biological controls where appropriate to reduce pesticide usage. For example, introduce natural enemies of pests such as lady beetles and green lacewings. (Note: pesticides may kill these natural enemies.)  Consider applying environmentally friendly chemical alternatives such as insecticidal soaps, horticultural oils, and other such measures when practical and effective and when mechanical approaches are impractical.  Know characteristics of the application site, including soil type and depth to groundwater to avoid migration of chemicals into groundwater.  Select pesticides and herbicides best suited to the characteristics of the target site and the particular pest or weed. Half-life, solubility, and adsorption should be compared to site characteristics to determine the safest chemical. Choose least toxic and less persistent sprays whenever possible based on comparison of labels and associated material safety data sheets.  Employ application techniques that increase efficiency and allow the lowest effective application rate. Carefully calibrate application equipment and follow all label instructions.  Recognize that it is not realistic for a landscape to be completely pest-free or weed-free. Consider using Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies to minimize chemical usage.  Keep pesticide and fertilizer equipment properly calibrated according to the manufacturer's instructions and in good repair. Recalibrate equipment periodically to compensate for wear in pumps, nozzles and metering systems. Calibrate sprayers when new nozzles are installed.  All mixing and loading operations must occur on an impervious surface. Use of Pesticides, Herbicides and Fertilizers S-8 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District PHF-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Managing Mosquitoes in Stormwater Facilities (Adapted from: Peairs and Cranshaw 2007) The key to mosquito control is larval management. Larvae occur in specific areas and can be controlled by modifying the habitat through drainage or insecticides applied to larval breeding sites. Weekly mosquito inspections at stormwater facilities with targeted treatments are frequently less costly and more effective than regular widespread application of insecticides. These inspections can be performed by a mosquito control source and typically start in mid-May and extend to mid-September. Mosquito control measures must be cost effective and environmentally sound. Consider alternatives before application of conventional chemical insecticides.  Habitat Modification: Eliminating breeding sites, or habitat modification, is an effective and long-term solution. Proper maintenance of stormwater BMPs to avoid shallow standing water is important.  Natural Predators: Fish, dragonfly nymphs, and diving beetles are natural predators of mosquito larvae; dragonflies, birds, and bats feed on adults. Consult the Colorado Division of Wildlife for recommendations, restrictions and regulations regarding mosquito-eating fish.  Insecticides: Microbial insecticides such as the bacteria "Bti" (Bacillus thuringiensis israeliensis) can be as effective as chemical insecticides. Bti is toxic only to mosquito and midge larvae. It is not hazardous to non-target organisms but can reduce midge populations that serve as fish food. "Soft" chemical insecticides, such as the insect growth regulator methoprene, are toxic only to insects and other arthropods. They are similar to certain insect hormones and create imbalances in the levels of hormones needed for proper mosquito growth and development. They do not directly harm fish or other wildlife but can reduce the amount of available food. Mosquito larvae also can be controlled by the application of larvicidal oils or chemical insecticides to the water where they occur or are suspected to occur. Remember, several alternatives to conventional chemical larvicides have been developed because of concerns about applying chemicals to water that might be used for drinking or that contains fish and other aquatic life. If larval control fails, adult mosquito control may be necessary. Adult control generally is done with insecticide applications using ground equipment or aircraft. For more information visit: www.ext.colostate.edu/westnile/mosquito_mgt.html or www.ext.colostate.edu/westnile/faq.html. Application Practices  Keep records of pesticide application and provide signage as required by law.  Do not apply pesticides or herbicides during high temperatures, windy conditions or immediately prior to heavy rainfall or irrigation.  Treat for and control noxious weeds prior to installing the landscape using an herbicide targeted to the weeds that are present and applied in accordance with the product label.  Be aware that some pesticide formulations are not compatible with other pesticides and combining them may result in increased potency and phytotoxicity. S-8 Use of Pesticides, Herbicides and Fertilizers PHF-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Figure PHF-1. Example Combined Pesticide and Fertilizer Storage and Mixing Area. Figure courtesy of Designing Facilities for Pesticides and Fertilizer Containment, Midwest Planning Service, Agricultural Engineering, Iowa State University 1991.  Maintain a buffer zone around wells or surface water where pesticides are not applied. Consult local regulations and landscape ordinances, as well as the product label, for distances, which may vary depending on the type of chemical and the sensitivity of the waterbody. The purpose of this practice is to keep pesticides and herbicides out of surface waterbodies. Storage Practices  Storage areas should be secure and covered, preventing exposure to rain and unauthorized access. Commercial and municipal facilities should provide basic safety equipment such as fire extinguishers, warning signs (e.g., "no smoking"), adequate light and ventilation, and spill clean-up materials should be present. Floors and shelves should be non-porous (e.g., metal, concrete) to prevent sorption of chemicals. If possible, temperature control should be provided to avoid excessive heat or cold. Storage areas should be kept clear of combustible material and debris.  Commercial operations handling large quantities of pesticides and fertilizers should consult the Colorado Department of Agriculture for storage and handling requirements. Commercial greenhouses and nurseries that are storing recycled water laden with fertilizer may need to provide secondary containment to contain the water in the event of a tank rupture or leak.  Store chemicals in their original containers, tightly closed, with labels intact. Also inspect them regularly for leaks. Store nitrate-based and other oxidizing fertilizers separately from solvents, fuels, and pesticides to reduce fire risk. Follow the general principle of storing like chemicals together. Dry chemicals should be stored above liquids and on pallets to ensure that they do not get wet.  Locate chemical storage and maintenance areas, as well as vehicle refueling and maintenance areas, away from wells and surface waterbodies in accordance with local regulations, typically at least 50 to 100 feet away. Use of Pesticides, Herbicides and Fertilizers S-8 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District PHF-5 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 For More Information on Legal Requirements Many federal and state regulations address pesticide, herbicide, and other chemical usage. These sources should be consulted for the most current legal requirements related to chemical handling, storage, application, disposal, and reporting of chemical spills. Examples include the federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA), the Emergency Planning and Community-Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA), and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requirements, particularly the Hazard Communication Standard. Colorado-related regulations include the Colorado Pesticide Applicator's Act, and the Colorado Water Quality Control Act (25-8-601 and 25-8-606), Senate Bill 90-126, and The Agricultural Chemicals and Groundwater Protection Act, which identifies special requirements for facilities handling more than 3,000 pounds (or 500 gallons) of bulk-formulated pesticides.  Make available all Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) in a readily accessible area. A list of all hazardous chemicals in the work place must be completed to ensure that all MSDSs are readily available.  Do not store large quantities of pesticides for long periods of time. Adopt the "first in, first out" principle, using the oldest products first to ensure that the shelf life does not expire. Buy smaller quantities of pesticides and fertilizers, thereby reducing storage issues. Spills and Disposal  Never pour lawn and garden chemicals or rinse water down storm drains (or sanitary drains) and keep chemicals off impervious surfaces (e.g., streets, gutters) during application.  Follow label directions for disposal. This typically involves triple-rinsing empty containers, puncturing and crushing. All visible chemicals should be cleaned from the container prior to disposal. Use local recycling or hazardous waste collection centers to dispose of unused chemicals.  Properly manage chemical spills by cleaning them up as soon as possible, controlling actively spilling or leaking materials, containing the spilled material (e.g., with absorbents, sand), collecting the spilled material, storing or disposing of the spilled material, and following relevant spill reporting requirements. "Washing down" a spill with water is not an appropriate cleanup approach.  Commercial operations should be aware of and comply with basic spill reporting requirements required by law, and keep chemical spill cleanup equipment, personal protective equipment and emergency phone numbers available when handling chemicals and their containers. Sediment Control Log (SCL) SC-2 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SCL-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photographs SCL-1 and SCL-2. Sediment control logs used as 1) a perimeter control around a soil stockpile; and, 2) as a "J-hook" perimeter control at the corner of a construction site. Description A sediment control log is a linear roll made of natural materials such as straw, coconut fiber, or other fibrous material trenched into the ground and held with a wooden stake. Sediment control logs are also often referred to as "straw wattles." They are used as a sediment barrier to intercept sheet flow runoff from disturbed areas. Appropriate Uses Sediment control logs can be used in the following applications to trap sediment:  As perimeter control for stockpiles and the site.  As part of inlet protection designs.  As check dams in small drainage ditches. (Sediment control logs are not intended for use in channels with high flow velocities.)  On disturbed slopes to shorten flow lengths (as an erosion control).  As part of multi-layered perimeter control along a receiving water such as a stream, pond or wetland. Sediment control logs work well in combination with other layers of erosion and sediment controls. Design and Installation Sediment control logs should be installed along the contour to avoid concentrating flows. The maximum allowable tributary drainage area per 100 lineal feet of sediment control log, installed along the contour, is approximately 0.25 acres with a disturbed slope length of up to 150 feet and a tributary slope gradient no steeper than 3:1. Longer and steeper slopes require additional measures. This recommendation only applies to sediment control logs installed along the contour. When installed for other uses, such as perimeter control, it should be installed in a way that will not produce concentrated flows. For example, a "J-hook" installation may be appropriate to force runoff to pond and evaporate or infiltrate in multiple areas rather than concentrate and cause erosive conditions parallel to the BMP. Sediment Control Log Functions Erosion Control Moderate Sediment Control Yes Site/Material Management No SC-2 Sediment Control Log (SCL) SCL-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Although sediment control logs initially allow runoff to flow through the BMP, they can quickly become a barrier and should be installed is if they are impermeable. Design details and notes for sediment control logs are provided in Detail SCL-1. Sediment logs must be properly trenched and staked into the ground to prevent undercutting, bypassing and displacement. When installed on slopes, sediment control logs should be installed along the contours (i.e., perpendicular to flow). Improper installation can lead to poor performance. Be sure that sediment control logs are properly trenched, anchored and tightly jointed. Maintenance and Removal Be aware that sediment control logs will eventually degrade. Remove accumulated sediment before the depth is one-half the height of the sediment log and repair damage to the sediment log, typically by replacing the damaged section. Once the upstream area is stabilized, remove and properly dispose of the logs. Areas disturbed beneath the logs may need to be seeded and mulched. Sediment control logs that are biodegradable may occasionally be left in place (e.g., when logs are used in conjunction with erosion control blankets as permanent slope breaks). However, removal of sediment control logs after final stabilization is typically recommended when used in perimeter control, inlet protection and check dam applications. Sediment Control Log (SCL) SC-2 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SCL-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 SC-2 Sediment Control Log (SCL) SCL-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Sediment Control Log (SCL) SC-2 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SCL-5 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Rock Sock (RS) SC-5 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District RS-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph RS-1. Rock socks placed at regular intervals in a curb line can help reduce sediment loading to storm sewer inlets. Rock socks can also be used as perimeter controls. Description A rock sock is constructed of gravel that has been wrapped by wire mesh or a geotextile to form an elongated cylindrical filter. Rock socks are typically used either as a perimeter control or as part of inlet protection. When placed at angles in the curb line, rock socks are typically referred to as curb socks. Rock socks are intended to trap sediment from stormwater runoff that flows onto roadways as a result of construction activities. Appropriate Uses Rock socks can be used at the perimeter of a disturbed area to control localized sediment loading. A benefit of rock socks as opposed to other perimeter controls is that they do not have to be trenched or staked into the ground; therefore, they are often used on roadway construction projects where paved surfaces are present. Use rock socks in inlet protection applications when the construction of a roadway is substantially complete and the roadway has been directly connected to a receiving storm system. Design and Installation When rock socks are used as perimeter controls, the maximum recommended tributary drainage area per 100 lineal feet of rock socks is approximately 0.25 acres with disturbed slope length of up to 150 feet and a tributary slope gradient no steeper than 3:1. A rock sock design detail and notes are provided in Detail RS-1. Also see the Inlet Protection Fact Sheet for design and installation guidance when rock socks are used for inlet protection and in the curb line. When placed in the gutter adjacent to a curb, rock socks should protrude no more than two feet from the curb in order for traffic to pass safely. If located in a high traffic area, place construction markers to alert drivers and street maintenance workers of their presence. Maintenance and Removal Rock socks are susceptible to displacement and breaking due to vehicle traffic. Inspect rock socks for damage and repair or replace as necessary. Remove sediment by sweeping or vacuuming as needed to maintain the functionality of the BMP, typically when sediment has accumulated behind the rock sock to one-half of the sock's height. Once upstream stabilization is complete, rock socks and accumulated sediment should be removed and properly disposed. Rock Sock Functions Erosion Control No Sediment Control Yes Site/Material Management No SC-5 Rock Sock (RS) RS-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Rock Sock (RS) SC-5 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District RS-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Construction Fence (CF) SM-3 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District CF-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph CF-1. A construction fence helps delineate areas where existing vegetation is being protected. Photo courtesy of Douglas County. Description A construction fence restricts site access to designated entrances and exits, delineates construction site boundaries, and keeps construction out of sensitive areas such as natural areas to be preserved as open space, wetlands and riparian areas. Appropriate Uses A construction fence can be used to delineate the site perimeter and locations within the site where access is restricted to protect natural resources such as wetlands, waterbodies, trees, and other natural areas of the site that should not be disturbed. If natural resource protection is an objective, then the construction fencing should be used in combination with other perimeter control BMPs such as silt fence, sediment control logs or similar measures. Design and Installation Construction fencing may be chain link or plastic mesh and should be installed following manufacturer’s recommendations. See Detail CF-1 for typical installations. Do not place construction fencing in areas within work limits of machinery. Maintenance and Removal  Inspect fences for damage; repair or replace as necessary.  Fencing should be tight and any areas with slumping or fallen posts should be reinstalled.  Fencing should be removed once construction is complete. Construction Fence Functions Erosion Control No Sediment Control No Site/Material Management Yes SM-3 Construction Fence (CF) CF-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Construction Fence (CF) SM-3 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District CF-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC) SM-4 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District VTC-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph VTC-1. A vehicle tracking control pad constructed with properly sized rock reduces off-site sediment tracking. Description Vehicle tracking controls provide stabilized construction site access where vehicles exit the site onto paved public roads. An effective vehicle tracking control helps remove sediment (mud or dirt) from vehicles, reducing tracking onto the paved surface. Appropriate Uses Implement a stabilized construction entrance or vehicle tracking control where frequent heavy vehicle traffic exits the construction site onto a paved roadway. An effective vehicle tracking control is particularly important during the following conditions:  Wet weather periods when mud is easily tracked off site.  During dry weather periods where dust is a concern.  When poorly drained, clayey soils are present on site. Although wheel washes are not required in designs of vehicle tracking controls, they may be needed at particularly muddy sites. Design and Installation Construct the vehicle tracking control on a level surface. Where feasible, grade the tracking control towards the construction site to reduce off-site runoff. Place signage, as needed, to direct construction vehicles to the designated exit through the vehicle tracking control. There are several different types of stabilized construction entrances including: VTC-1. Aggregate Vehicle Tracking Control. This is a coarse-aggregate surfaced pad underlain by a geotextile. This is the most common vehicle tracking control, and when properly maintained can be effective at removing sediment from vehicle tires. VTC-2. Vehicle Tracking Control with Construction Mat or Turf Reinforcement Mat. This type of control may be appropriate for site access at very small construction sites with low traffic volume over vegetated areas. Although this application does not typically remove sediment from vehicles, it helps protect existing vegetation and provides a stabilized entrance. Vehicle Tracking Control Functions Erosion Control Moderate Sediment Control Yes Site/Material Management Yes SM-4 Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC) VTC-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph VTC-2. A vehicle tracking control pad with wheel wash facility. Photo courtesy of Tom Gore. VTC-3. Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit with Wheel Wash. This is an aggregate pad, similar to VTC-1, but includes equipment for tire washing. The wheel wash equipment may be as simple as hand-held power washing equipment to more advance proprietary systems. When a wheel wash is provided, it is important to direct wash water to a sediment trap prior to discharge from the site. Vehicle tracking controls are sometimes installed in combination with a sediment trap to treat runoff. Maintenance and Removal Inspect the area for degradation and replace aggregate or material used for a stabilized entrance/exit as needed. If the area becomes clogged and ponds water, remove and dispose of excess sediment or replace material with a fresh layer of aggregate as necessary. With aggregate vehicle tracking controls, ensure rock and debris from this area do not enter the public right-of-way. Remove sediment that is tracked onto the public right of way daily or more frequently as needed. Excess sediment in the roadway indicates that the stabilized construction entrance needs maintenance. Ensure that drainage ditches at the entrance/exit area remain clear. A stabilized entrance should be removed only when there is no longer the potential for vehicle tracking to occur. This is typically after the site has been stabilized. When wheel wash equipment is used, be sure that the wash water is discharged to a sediment trap prior to discharge. Also inspect channels conveying the water from the wash area to the sediment trap and stabilize areas that may be eroding. When a construction entrance/exit is removed, excess sediment from the aggregate should be removed and disposed of appropriately. The entrance should be promptly stabilized with a permanent surface following removal, typically by paving. Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC) SM-4 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District VTC-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 SM-4 Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC) VTC-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC) SM-4 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District VTC-5 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 SM-4 Vehicle Tracking Control (VTC) VTC-6 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Stabilized Staging Area (SSA) SM-6 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SSA-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph SSA-1. Example of a staging area with a gravel surface to prevent mud tracking and reduce runoff. Photo courtesy of Douglas County. Description A stabilized staging area is a clearly designated area where construction equipment and vehicles, stockpiles, waste bins, and other construction-related materials are stored. The contractor office trailer may also be located in this area. Depending on the size of the construction site, more than one staging area may be necessary. Appropriate Uses Most construction sites will require a staging area, which should be clearly designated in SWMP drawings. The layout of the staging area may vary depending on the type of construction activity. Staging areas located in roadways due to space constraints require special measures to avoid materials being washed into storm inlets. Design and Installation Stabilized staging areas should be completed prior to other construction activities beginning on the site. Major components of a stabilized staging area include:  Appropriate space to contain storage and provide for loading/unloading operations, as well as parking if necessary.  A stabilized surface, either paved or covered, with 3-inch diameter aggregate or larger.  Perimeter controls such as silt fence, sediment control logs, or other measures.  Construction fencing to prevent unauthorized access to construction materials.  Provisions for Good Housekeeping practices related to materials storage and disposal, as described in the Good Housekeeping BMP Fact Sheet.  A stabilized construction entrance/exit, as described in the Vehicle Tracking Control BMP Fact Sheet, to accommodate traffic associated with material delivery and waste disposal vehicles. Over-sizing the stabilized staging area may result in disturbance of existing vegetation in excess of that required for the project. This increases costs, as well as requirements for long-term stabilization following the construction period. When designing the stabilized staging area, minimize the area of disturbance to the extent practical. Stabilized Staging Area Functions Erosion Control Yes Sediment Control Moderate Site/Material Yes SM-6 Stabilized Staging Area (SSA) SSA-2 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 See Detail SSA-1 for a typical stabilized staging area and SSA-2 for a stabilized staging area when materials staging in roadways is required. Maintenance and Removal Maintenance of stabilized staging areas includes maintaining a stable surface cover of gravel, repairing perimeter controls, and following good housekeeping practices. When construction is complete, debris, unused stockpiles and materials should be recycled or properly disposed. In some cases, this will require disposal of contaminated soil from equipment leaks in an appropriate landfill. Staging areas should then be permanently stabilized with vegetation or other surface cover planned for the development. Minimizing Long-Term Stabilization Requirements  Utilize off-site parking and restrict vehicle access to the site.  Use construction mats in lieu of rock when staging is provided in an area that will not be disturbed otherwise.  Consider use of a bermed contained area for materials and equipment that do not require a stabilized surface.  Consider phasing of staging areas to avoid disturbance in an area that will not be otherwise disturbed. Stabilized Staging Area (SSA) SM-6 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SSA-3 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 SM-6 Stabilized Staging Area (SSA) SSA-4 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District November 2010 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Street Sweeping and Vacuuming (SS) SM-7 November 2010 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District SS-1 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3 Photograph SS-1. A street sweeper removes sediment and potential pollutants along the curb line at a construction site. Photo courtesy of Tom Gore. Description Street sweeping and vacuuming remove sediment that has been tracked onto roadways to reduce sediment transport into storm drain systems or a surface waterway. Appropriate Uses Use this practice at construction sites where vehicles may track sediment offsite onto paved roadways. Design and Installation Street sweeping or vacuuming should be conducted when there is noticeable sediment accumulation on roadways adjacent to the construction site. Typically, this will be concentrated at the entrance/exit to the construction site. Well-maintained stabilized construction entrances, vehicle tracking controls and tire wash facilities can help reduce the necessary frequency of street sweeping and vacuuming. On smaller construction sites, street sweeping can be conducted manually using a shovel and broom. Never wash accumulated sediment on roadways into storm drains. Maintenance and Removal  Inspect paved roads around the perimeter of the construction site on a daily basis and more frequently, as needed. Remove accumulated sediment, as needed.  Following street sweeping, check inlet protection that may have been displaced during street sweeping.  Inspect area to be swept for materials that may be hazardous prior to beginning sweeping operations. Street Sweeping/ Vacuuming Functions Erosion Control No Sediment Control Yes Site/Material Management Yes Appendices Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Appendix – C Spill Prevention, Reportable Quantities etc. REPORTABLE QUANTITIES Materials Material Released To Reportable Quantities Engine oil, fuel, hydraulic and brake fluid Land 25 Gallons Engine oil, fuel, hydraulic and brake fluid Water Visible Sheen Antifreeze and battery acid Land 100 lbs (13 Gallons) Refrigerant Air 1 lb SPILL RESPONSE PLAN (POST A COPY IN CONSTRUCTION OFFICE) Point of Contact in case of reportable quantity release: EPA National Response Center (800) 424 – 8802 Environmental Emergency Spill (877) 518 – 5608 Local Fire Department 911 Summit Services Group (303) 895 – 9972 Other Name: ________________________ ________________ Leak or Spill  Report spills immediately to Owner  Employees will not be punished for reporting spills  Contain spill, start clean-up, report if over reportable quantity SPILL KIT LOCATED: ________________________ Appendices Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Appendix - D Permits, Applications, Inspector Qualifications, Regulations SWMP Certification The Meadows Filing 16 Phase 2 - Development Certification “I certify under penalty of laws that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations.” Castle Rock Development Company LLC The Meadows Filing 16 Phase 2 Name: ________________________________ Title: ________________________________ Signature: ________________________________ SWMP Certification The Meadows Filing 16 Phase 2 - Development Contractor’s/Subcontractor’s Certification “I certify that I am aware this project is subject to the terms and conditions of the Colorado Discharge Permit System General Permit that authorizes stormwater discharges associated with construction activity at oil and gas facilities. I have read, understand and agree to follow all permit guidelines associated with this project. Further, I agree to all terms and conditions set forth by the owner/ operator of this project.” The Meadows Filing 16 Phase 2 Name: ________________________________ Company: ________________________________ Title: ________________________________ Signature: ________________________________ Page 2 of 22 Permit No. COR-030000 CDPS GENERAL PERMIT STORMWATER DISCHARGES ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY AUTHORIZATION TO DISCHARGE UNDER THE COLORADO DISCHARGE PERMIT SYSTEM In compliance with the provisions of the Colorado Water Quality Control Act, (25-8-101 et seq., CRS, 1973 as amended) and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.; the "Act"), this permit authorizes the discharge of stormwater associated with construction activities (and specific allowable non-stormwater discharges in accordance with Part I.D.3 of the permit) certified under this permit, from those locations specified throughout the State of Colorado to specified waters of the State. Such discharges shall be in accordance with the conditions of this permit. This permit specifically authorizes the facility listed on the certification page (page 1) of this permit to discharge, as of this date, in accordance with permit requirements and conditions set forth in Parts I and II hereof. All discharges authorized herein shall be consistent with the terms and conditions of this permit. This permit and the authorization to discharge shall expire at midnight, June 30, 2012. Issued and Signed this 31 st day of May, 2007 COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT Janet S. Kieler Permits Section Manager Water Quality Control Division SIGNED AND ISSUED MAY 31, 2007 EFFECTIVE JULY 1, 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I A. COVERAGE UNDER THIS PERMIT........................................................................................................................................ 3 1. Authority to Discharge ............................................................................................................................................. 3 a) Applicable Sections ................................................................................................................................. 3 b) Oil and Gas Construction ........................................................................................................................ 3 2. Definitions ................................................................................................................................................................ 3 3. Permit Coverage Without Application – Qualifying Local Programs ...................................................................... 3 a) Applicable Sections ................................................................................................................................. 3 b) Local Agency Authority.......................................................................................................................... 4 c) Permit Coverage Termination.................................................................................................................. 4 d) Compliance with Qualifying Local Program........................................................................................... 4 e) Full Permit Applicability......................................................................................................................... 4 4. Application, Due Dates............................................................................................................................................. 4 a) Application Due Dates............................................................................................................................. 4 b) Summary of Application ......................................................................................................................... 4 5. Permit Certification Procedures................................................................................................................................ 4 a) Request for Additional Information......................................................................................................... 4 b) Automatic Coverage................................................................................................................................ 5 c) Individual Permit Required ..................................................................................................................... 5 d) General vs. Individual Permit Coverage.................................................................................................. 5 e) Local Agency Authority.......................................................................................................................... 5 6. Inactivation Notice.................................................................................................................................................... 5 7. Transfer of Permit...................................................................................................................................................... 5 8. Reassignment of Permit............................................................................................................................................ 5 9. Sale of Residence to Homeowners ........................................................................................................................... 6 10. Permit Expiration Date ............................................................................................................................................. 6 11. Individual Permit Criteria ......................................................................................................................................... 6 B. STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS............................................................................ 6 C. STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN – CONTENTS......................................................................................................... 7 1. Site Description ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 2. Site Map.................................................................................................................................................................... 7 3. Stormwater Management Controls ........................................................................................................................... 8 a) SWMP Administrator............................................................................................................................... 8 b) Identification of Potential Pollutant Sources ............................................................................................ 8 c) Best Management Practices (BMPs) for Stormwater Pollution Prevention. ........................................... 8 4. Final Stabilization and Long-term Stormwater Management .................................................................................... 9 5. Inspection and Maintenance ................................................................................................................................... 10 D. TERMS AND CONDITIONS ................................................................................................................................................... 10 1. General Limitations ................................................................................................................................................ 10 2. BMP Implementation and Design Standards.......................................................................................................... 10 3. Prohibition of Non-Stormwater Discharges............................................................................................................ 11 4. Releases in Excess of Reportable Quantities .......................................................................................................... 11 5. SWMP Requirements ............................................................................................................................................. 11 a) SWMP Preparation and Implementation ............................................................................................... 11 b) SWMP Retention Requirements............................................................................................................ 11 c) SWMP Review/Changes ....................................................................................................................... 11 d) Responsive SWMP Changes ................................................................................................................. 12 6. Inspections............................................................................................................................................................... 12 a) Minimum Inspection Schedule............................................................................................................... 12 b) Inspection Requirements ........................................................................................................................ 13 c) Required Actions Following Site Inspections ........................................................................................ 13 7. BMP Maintenance .................................................................................................................................................. 13 8. Replacement and Failed BMPs................................................................................................................................ 14 9. Reporting ................................................................................................................................................................. 14 -2a- TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) 10. SWMP Availability ................................................................................................................................................. 14 11. Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) ..................................................................................................................... 14 E. ADDITIONAL DEFINITIONS.................................................................................................................................................. 15 F. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................................................................................. 16 1. Signatory Requirements........................................................................................................................................... 16 2. Retention of Records ............................................................................................................................................... 16 3. Monitoring............................................................................................................................................................... 16 PART II A. MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................................................................ 17 1. Amending a Permit Certification............................................................................................................................. 17 2. Special Notifications - Definitions .......................................................................................................................... 17 3. Noncompliance Notification.................................................................................................................................... 17 4. Submission of Incorrect or Incomplete Information................................................................................................ 18 5. Bypass...................................................................................................................................................................... 18 6. Upsets ..................................................................................................................................................................... 18 7. Removed Substances ............................................................................................................................................... 18 8. Minimization of Adverse Impact............................................................................................................................. 18 9. Reduction, Loss, or Failure of Stormwater Controls ............................................................................................... 19 10. Proper Operation and Maintenance ......................................................................................................................... 19 B. RESPONSIBILITIES.................................................................................................................................................................. 19 1. Inspections and Right to Entry................................................................................................................................. 19 2. Duty to Provide Information.................................................................................................................................... 19 3. Transfer of Ownership or Control ........................................................................................................................... 19 4. Modification, Suspension, or Revocation of Permit By Division............................................................................ 20 5. Permit Violations..................................................................................................................................................... 21 6. Legal Responsibilities.............................................................................................................................................. 21 7. Severability.............................................................................................................................................................. 21 8. Renewal Application ............................................................................................................................................... 21 9. Confidentiality......................................................................................................................................................... 21 10. Fees.......................................................................................................................................................................... 21 11. Requiring an Individual CDPS Permit..................................................................................................................... 22 -2b- PART I Permit - Page 3 Permit No. COR-030000 PART I A. COVERAGE UNDER THIS PERMIT 1. Authority to Discharge Under this permit, facilities are granted authorization to discharge stormwater associated with construction activities into waters of the state of Colorado. This permit also authorizes the discharge of specific allowable non-stormwater discharges, in accordance with Part I.D.3 of the permit, which includes discharges to the ground. This includes stormwater discharges from areas that are dedicated to producing earthen materials, such as soils, sand and gravel, for use at a single construction site (i.e., borrow or fill areas). This permit also authorizes stormwater discharges from dedicated asphalt batch plants and dedicated concrete batch plants. (Coverage under the construction site permit is not required for batch plants if they have alternate CDPS permit coverage.) This permit does not authorize the discharge of mine water or process water from such areas. a) Applicable Sections: In accordance with Part I.A.3 of this permit, some parts of this permit do not apply to sites covered under a Qualifying Local Program, as defined in I.A.2.d. For sites not covered by a Qualifying Local Program, all parts of the permit apply except Part I.A.3. The permittee will be responsible for determining and then complying with the applicable sections. b) Oil and Gas Construction: Stormwater discharges associated with construction activities directly related to oil and gas exploration, production, processing, and treatment operations or transmission facilities are regulated under the Colorado Discharge Permit System Regulations (5CCR 1002-61), and require coverage under this permit in accordance with that regulation. However, references in this permit to specific authority under the Federal Clean Water Act (CWA) do not apply to stormwater discharges associated with these oil and gas related construction activities, to the extent that the references are limited by the federal Energy Policy Act of 2005. 2. Definitions a) Stormwater: Stormwater is precipitation-induced surface runoff. b) Construction activity: Construction activity refers to ground surface disturbing activities, which include, but are not limited to, clearing, grading, excavation, demolition, installation of new or improved haul roads and access roads, staging areas, stockpiling of fill materials, and borrow areas. Construction does not include routine maintenance to maintain original line and grade, hydraulic capacity, or original purpose of the facility. c) Small construction activity: Stormwater discharge associated with small construction activity means the discharge of stormwater from construction activities that result in land disturbance of equal to or greater than one acre and less than five acres. Small construction activity also includes the disturbance of less than one acre of total land area that is part of a larger common plan of development or sale, if the larger common plan will ultimately disturb equal to or greater than one and less than five acres. d) Qualifying Local Program: This permit includes conditions that incorporate qualifying local erosion and sediment control program (Qualifying Local Program) requirements by reference. A Qualifying Local Program is a municipal stormwater program for stormwater discharges associated with small construction activity that has been formally approved by the Division. Other Definitions: Definitions of additional terms can be found in Part I.E. of this permit. 3. Permit Coverage Without Application – for small construction activities under a Qualifying Local Program only If a small construction site is within the jurisdiction of a Qualifying Local Program, the operator of the construction activity is authorized to discharge stormwater associated with small construction activity under this general permit without the submittal of an application to the Division. a) Applicable Sections: For sites covered by a Qualifying Local Program, only Parts 1.A.1, 1.A.2, 1.A.3, I.D.1, I.D.2, I.D.3, I.D.4, I.D.7, I.D.8, I.D.11, I.E and Part II of this permit, with the exception of Parts II.A.1, II.B.3, II.B.8, and II.B10, apply. PART I Permit - Page 4 Permit No. COR-030000 A. COVERAGE UNDER THIS PERMIT (cont.) b) Local Agency Authority: This permit does not pre-empt or supersede the authority of local agencies to prohibit, restrict, or control discharges of stormwater to storm drain systems or other water courses within their jurisdiction. c) Permit Coverage Termination: When a site under a Qualifying Local Program has been finally stabilized, coverage under this permit is automatically terminated. d) Compliance with Qualifying Local Program: A construction site operator that has authorization to discharge under this permit under Part I.A.3 shall comply with the requirements of the Qualifying Local Program with jurisdiction over the site. e) Full Permit Applicability: The Division may require any operator within the jurisdiction of a Qualifying Local Program covered under this permit to apply for and obtain coverage under the full requirements of this permit. The operator must be notified in writing that an application for full coverage is required. When a permit certification under this permit is issued to an operator that would otherwise be covered under Part I.A.3 of this permit, the full requirements of this permit replace the requirements as per Part I.A.3 of this permit, upon the effective date of the permit certification. A site brought under the full requirements of this permit must still comply with local stormwater management requirements, policies or guidelines as required by Part I.D.1.g of this permit. 4. Application, Due Dates a) Application Due Dates: At least ten calendar days prior to the commencement of construction activities, the applicant shall submit an application form as provided by the Division, with a certification that the Stormwater Management Plan (SWMP) is complete. One original completed discharge permit application shall be submitted, by mail or hand delivery, to: Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment Water Quality Control Division WQCD-Permits-B2 4300 Cherry Creek Drive South Denver, Colorado 80246-1530 b) Summary of Application: The application requires, at a minimum, the following: 1) The applicant’s company name; address; telephone number; and email address (if available); whether the applicant is the owner, developer, or contractor; and local contact information; 2) Project name, address, county and location of the construction site, including the latitude and longitude to the nearest 15 seconds of the approximate center of the construction activity; 3) Legal description or map of the construction site; 4) Estimates of: the total area of the site, the area of the site that is expected to be disturbed, and the total area of the larger common plan of development or sale to undergo disturbance; 5) The nature of the construction activity; 6) The anticipated start date and final stabilization date for the project; 7) The name of the receiving water(s), or the municipal separate storm sewer system and the ultimate (i.e., named) receiving water(s); 8) Certification that the SWMP for the construction site is complete (see Part I.C. below); and 9) The signature of the applicant, signed in accordance with Part I.F.1 of this permit. 5. Permit Certification Procedures If this general permit is appropriate for the applicant's operation, then a certification will be developed and the applicant will be authorized to discharge stormwater under this general permit. a) Request for Additional Information: The Division shall have up to ten calendar days after receipt of the above information to request additional data and/or deny the authorization for any particular discharge. Upon receipt of additional information, the Division shall have an additional ten calendar days to issue or deny authorization for the particular discharge. (Notification of denial shall be by letter, in cases where coverage under an alternate general permit or an individual permit is required, instead of coverage under this permit.) PART I Permit - Page 5 Permit No. COR-030000 A. COVERAGE UNDER THIS PERMIT (cont.) b) Automatic Coverage: If the applicant does not receive a request for additional information or a notification of denial from the Division dated within ten calendar days of receipt of the application by the Division, authorization to discharge in accordance with the conditions of this permit shall be deemed granted. c) Individual Permit Required: If, after evaluation of the application (or additional information, such as the SWMP), it is found that this general permit is not appropriate for the operation, then the application will be processed as one for an individual permit. The applicant will be notified of the Division's decision to deny certification under this general permit. For an individual permit, additional information may be requested, and 180 days may be required to process the application and issue the permit. At the Division’s discretion, temporary coverage under this general permit may be allowed until the individual permit goes into effect. d) General vs. Individual Permit Coverage: Any permittee authorized by this permit may request to be excluded from the coverage of this permit by applying for an individual CDPS permit. The permittee shall submit an individual application, with reasons supporting the request, to the Division at least 180 days prior to any discharge. e) Local Agency Authority: This permit does not pre-empt or supersede the authority of local agencies to prohibit, restrict, or control discharges of stormwater to storm drain systems or other water courses within their jurisdiction. 6. Inactivation Notice When a site has been finally stabilized in accordance with the SWMP, the permittee must submit an Inactivation Notice form that is signed in accordance with Part I.F.1. of this permit. The Inactivation Notice form is available from the Division and includes: a) Permit certification number; b) The permittee's name, address, telephone number; c) Name, location, and county for the construction site for which the inactivation notice is being submitted; and d) Certification that the site has been finally stabilized, and a description of the final stabilization method(s). 7. Transfer of Permit When responsibility for stormwater discharges at a construction site changes from one entity to another, the permittee shall submit a completed Notice of Transfer and Acceptance of Terms form that is signed in accordance with Part I.F.1. of this permit. The Notice of Transfer form is available from the Division and includes: a) Permit certification number; b) Name, location, and county for the construction site for which the Notice of Transfer is being submitted; c) Identifying information for the new permittee; d) Identifying information for the current permittee; and e) Effective date of transfer. If the new responsible party will not complete the transfer form, the permit may be inactivated upon written request to the Division and completion of the Inactivation Notice if the permittee has no legal responsibility, through ownership or contract, for the construction activities at the site. In this case, the new owner or operator would be required to obtain permit coverage separately. 8. Reassignment of Permit When a permittee no longer has control of a specific portion of a permitted site, and wishes to transfer coverage of that portion of the site to a second party, the permittee shall submit a completed Notice of Reassignment of Permit Coverage form that is signed in accordance with Part I.F.1. of this permit. The Notice of Reassignment of Permit Coverage form is available from the Division and includes: a) Current permit certification number; b) Identifying information and certification as required by Part I.A.4.b for the new permittee; c) Identifying information for the current permittee, revised site information and certification for reassignment; and d) Effective date of reassignment. PART I Permit - Page 6 Permit No. COR-030000 A. COVERAGE UNDER THIS PERMIT (cont.) If the new responsible party will not complete the reassignment form, the applicable portion of the permitted site may be removed from permit coverage upon written request to the Division if the permittee has no legal responsibility, through ownership or contract, for the construction activities at the portion of the site. In this case, the new owner or operator would be required to obtain permit coverage separately. 9. Sale of Residence to Homeowners For residential construction only, when a residential lot has been conveyed to a homeowner and all criteria in paragraphs a through e, below, are met, coverage under this permit is no longer required and the conveyed lot may be removed from coverage under the permittee’s certification. At such time, the permittee is no longer responsible for meeting the terms and conditions of this permit for the conveyed lot, including the requirement to transfer or reassign permit coverage. The permittee remains responsible for inactivation of the original certification. a) The lot has been sold to the homeowner(s) for private residential use; b) the lot is less than one acre of disturbed area; c) all construction activity conducted by the permittee on the lot is completed; d) a certificate of occupancy (or equivalent) has been awarded to the home owner; and e) the SWMP has been amended to indicate the lot is no longer covered by permit. Lots not meeting all of the above criteria require continued permit coverage. However, this permit coverage may be transferred (Part I.A.7, above) or reassigned (Part I.A.8, above) to a new owner or operator. 10. Permit Expiration Date Authorization to discharge under this general permit shall expire on June 30, 2012. The Division must evaluate and reissue this general permit at least once every five years and must recertify the permittee's authority to discharge under the general permit at such time. Therefore, a permittee desiring continued coverage under the general permit must reapply by March 31, 2012. The Division will initiate the renewal process; however, it is ultimately the permittee’s responsibility to ensure that the renewal is submitted. The Division will determine if the permittee may continue to operate under the terms of the general permit. An individual permit may be required for any facility not reauthorized to discharge under the reissued general permit. 11. Individual Permit Criteria Various criteria can be used in evaluating whether or not an individual (or alternate general) permit is required instead of this general permit. This information may come from the application, SWMP, or additional information as requested by the Division, and includes, but is not limited to, the following: a) the quality of the receiving waters (i.e., the presence of downstream drinking water intakes or a high quality fishery, or for preservation of high quality water); b) the size of the construction site; c) evidence of noncompliance under a previous permit for the operation; d) the use of chemicals within the stormwater system; or e) discharges of pollutants of concern to waters for which there is an established Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL). In addition, an individual permit may be required when the Division has shown or has reason to suspect that the stormwater discharge may contribute to a violation of a water quality standard. B. STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN (SWMP) – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1. A SWMP shall be developed for each facility covered by this permit. The SWMP shall be prepared in accordance with good engineering, hydrologic and pollution control practices. (The SWMP need not be prepared by a registered engineer.) PART I Permit - Page 7 Permit No. COR-030000 B. STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN (SWMP) – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS (cont.) 2. The SWMP shall: a) Identify all potential sources of pollution which may reasonably be expected to affect the quality of stormwater discharges associated with construction activity from the facility; b) Describe the practices to be used to reduce the pollutants in stormwater discharges associated with construction activity at the facility; and ensure the practices are selected and described in accordance with good engineering practices, including the installation, implementation and maintenance requirements; and c) Be properly prepared, and updated in accordance with Part I.D.5.c, to ensure compliance with the terms and conditions of this permit. 3. Facilities must implement the provisions of the SWMP as written and updated, from commencement of construction activity until final stabilization is complete, as a condition of this permit. The Division reserves the right to review the SWMP, and to require the permittee to develop and implement additional measures to prevent and control pollution as needed. 4. The SWMP may reflect requirements for Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) plans under section 311 of the CWA, or Best Management Practices (BMPs) Programs otherwise required by a separate CDPS permit, and may incorporate any part of such plans into the SWMP by reference, provided that the relevant sections of such plans are available as part of the SWMP consistent with Part I.D.5.b. 5. For any sites with permit coverage before June 30, 2007, the permittee’s SMWP must meet the new SWMP requirements as summarized in Section II.I of the rationale. Any needed changes must be made by October 1, 2007. C. STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN (SWMP) – CONTENTS The SWMP shall include the following items, at a minimum. 1. Site Description. The SWMP shall clearly describe the construction activity, to include: a) The nature of the construction activity at the site. b) The proposed sequence for major activities. c) Estimates of the total area of the site, and the area and location expected to be disturbed by clearing, excavation, grading, or other construction activities. d) A summary of any existing data used in the development of the site construction plans or SWMP that describe the soil or existing potential for soil erosion. e) A description of the existing vegetation at the site and an estimate of the percent vegetative ground cover. f) The location and description of all potential pollution sources, including ground surface disturbing activities (see Part I.A.2.b), vehicle fueling, storage of fertilizers or chemicals, etc. g) The location and description of any anticipated allowable sources of non-stormwater discharge at the site, e.g., uncontaminated springs, landscape irrigation return flow, construction dewatering, and concrete washout. h) The name of the receiving water(s) and the size, type and location of any outfall(s). If the stormwater discharge is to a municipal separate storm sewer system, the name of that system, the location of the storm sewer discharge, and the ultimate receiving water(s). 2. Site Map. The SWMP shall include a legible site map(s), showing the entire site, identifying: a) construction site boundaries; b) all areas of ground surface disturbance; c) areas of cut and fill; d) areas used for storage of building materials, equipment, soil, or waste; e) locations of dedicated asphalt or concrete batch plants; f) locations of all structural BMPs; g) locations of non-structural BMPs as applicable; and h) locations of springs, streams, wetlands and other surface waters. PART I Permit - Page 8 Permit No. COR-030000 C. STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN (SWMP) – CONTENTS (cont.) 3. Stormwater Management Controls. The SWMP must include a description of all stormwater management controls that will be implemented as part of the construction activity to control pollutants in stormwater discharges. The appropriateness and priorities of stormwater management controls in the SWMP shall reflect the potential pollutant sources identified at the facility. The description of stormwater management controls shall address the following components, at a minimum: a) SWMP Administrator - The SWMP shall identify a specific individual(s), position or title who is responsible for developing, implementing, maintaining, and revising the SWMP. The activities and responsibilities of the administrator shall address all aspects of the facility’s SWMP. b) Identification of Potential Pollutant Sources - All potential pollutant sources, including materials and activities, at a site must be evaluated for the potential to contribute pollutants to stormwater discharges. The SWMP shall identify and describe those sources determined to have the potential to contribute pollutants to stormwater discharges, and the sources must be controlled through BMP selection and implementation, as required in paragraph (c), below. At a minimum, each of the following sources and activities shall be evaluated for the potential to contribute pollutants to stormwater discharges, and identified in the SWMP if found to have such potential: 1) all disturbed and stored soils; 2) vehicle tracking of sediments; 3) management of contaminated soils; 4) loading and unloading operations; 5) outdoor storage activities (building materials, fertilizers, chemicals, etc.); 6) vehicle and equipment maintenance and fueling; 7) significant dust or particulate generating processes; 8) routine maintenance activities involving fertilizers, pesticides, detergents, fuels, solvents, oils, etc.; 9) on-site waste management practices (waste piles, liquid wastes, dumpsters, etc.); 10) concrete truck/equipment washing, including the concrete truck chute and associated fixtures and equipment; 11) dedicated asphalt and concrete batch plants; 12) non-industrial waste sources such as worker trash and portable toilets; and 13) other areas or procedures where potential spills can occur. c) Best Management Practices (BMPs) for Stormwater Pollution Prevention - The SWMP shall identify and describe appropriate BMPs, including, but not limited to, those required by paragraphs 1 through 8 below, that will be implemented at the facility to reduce the potential of the sources identified in Part I.C.3.b to contribute pollutants to stormwater discharges. The SWMP shall clearly describe the installation and implementation specifications for each BMP identified in the SWMP to ensure proper implementation, operation and maintenance of the BMP. 1) Structural Practices for Erosion and Sediment Control. The SWMP shall clearly describe and locate all structural practices implemented at the site to minimize erosion and sediment transport. Practices may include, but are not limited to: straw bales, wattles/sediment control logs, silt fences, earth dikes, drainage swales, sediment traps, subsurface drains, pipe slope drains, inlet protection, outlet protection, gabions, and temporary or permanent sediment basins. 2) Non-Structural Practices for Erosion and Sediment Control. The SWMP shall clearly describe and locate, as applicable, all non-structural practices implemented at the site to minimize erosion and sediment transport. Description must include interim and permanent stabilization practices, and site-specific scheduling for implementation of the practices. The SWMP should include practices to ensure that existing vegetation is preserved where possible. Non-structural practices may include, but are not limited to: temporary vegetation, permanent vegetation, mulching, geotextiles, sod stabilization, slope roughening, vegetative buffer strips, protection of trees, and preservation of mature vegetation. PART I Permit - Page 9 Permit No. COR-030000 C. STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN (SWMP) – CONTENTS (cont.) 3) Phased BMP Implementation. The SWMP shall clearly describe the relationship between the phases of construction, and the implementation and maintenance of both structural and non-structural stormwater management controls. The SWMP must identify the stormwater management controls to be implemented during the project phases, which can include, but are not limited to, clearing and grubbing; road construction; utility and infrastructure installation; vertical construction; final grading; and final stabilization. 4) Materials Handling and Spill Prevention. The SWMP shall clearly describe and locate all practices implemented at the site to minimize impacts from procedures or significant materials (see definitions at Part I.E.) that could contribute pollutants to runoff. Such procedures or significant materials could include: exposed storage of building materials; paints and solvents; fertilizers or chemicals; waste material; and equipment maintenance or fueling procedures. Areas or procedures where potential spills can occur must have spill prevention and response procedures identified in the SWMP. 5) Dedicated Concrete or Asphalt Batch Plants. The SWMP shall clearly describe and locate all practices implemented at the site to control stormwater pollution from dedicated concrete batch plants or dedicated asphalt batch plants covered by this certification. 6) Vehicle Tracking Control. The SWMP shall clearly describe and locate all practices implemented at the site to control potential sediment discharges from vehicle tracking. Practices must be implemented for all areas of potential vehicle tracking, and can include: minimizing site access; street sweeping or scraping; tracking pads; graveled parking areas; requiring that vehicles stay on paved areas on-site; wash racks; contractor education; and/or sediment control BMPs, etc. 7) Waste Management and Disposal, Including Concrete Washout. i) The SWMP shall clearly describe and locate the practices implemented at the site to control stormwater pollution from all construction site wastes (liquid and solid), including concrete washout activities. ii) The practices used for concrete washout must ensure that these activities do not result in the contribution of pollutants associated with the washing activity to stormwater runoff. iii) Part I.D.3.c of the permit authorizes the conditional discharge of concrete washout water to the ground. The SWMP shall clearly describe and locate the practices to be used that will ensure that no washout water from concrete washout activities is discharged from the site as surface runoff or to surface waters. 8) Groundwater and Stormwater Dewatering. i) The SWMP shall clearly describe and locate the practices implemented at the site to control stormwater pollution from the dewatering of groundwater or stormwater from excavations, wells, etc. ii) Part I.D.3.d of the permit authorizes the conditional discharge of construction dewatering to the ground. For any construction dewatering of groundwater not authorized under a separate CDPS discharge permit, the SWMP shall clearly describe and locate the practices to be used that will ensure that no groundwater from construction dewatering is discharged from the site as surface runoff or to surface waters. 4. Final Stabilization and Long-term Stormwater Management a) The SWMP shall clearly describe the practices used to achieve final stabilization of all disturbed areas at the site, and any planned practices to control pollutants in stormwater discharges that will occur after construction operations have been completed at the site. b) Final stabilization practices for obtaining a vegetative cover should include, as appropriate: seed mix selection and application methods; soil preparation and amendments; soil stabilization practices (e.g., crimped straw, hydro mulch or rolled erosion control products); and appropriate sediment control BMPs as needed until final stabilization is achieved; etc. PART I Permit - Page 10 Permit No. COR-030000 C. STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN (SWMP) – CONTENTS (cont.) c) Final stabilization is reached when all ground surface disturbing activities at the site have been completed, and uniform vegetative cover has been established with an individual plant density of at least 70 percent of pre- disturbance levels, or equivalent permanent, physical erosion reduction methods have been employed. The Division may, after consultation with the permittee and upon good cause, amend the final stabilization criteria in this section for specific operations. 5. Inspection and Maintenance Part I.D.6 of the permit includes requirements for site inspections. Part I.D.7 of the permit includes requirements for BMP maintenance. The SWMP shall clearly describe the inspection and maintenance procedures implemented at the site to maintain all erosion and sediment control practices and other protective practices identified in the SWMP, in good and effective operating condition. D. TERMS AND CONDITIONS 1. General Limitations The following limitations shall apply to all discharges covered by this permit: a) Stormwater discharges from construction activities shall not cause, have the reasonable potential to cause, or measurably contribute to an exceedance of any water quality standard, including narrative standards for water quality. b) Concrete washout water shall not be discharged to state surface waters or to storm sewer systems. On-site permanent disposal of concrete washout waste is not authorized by this permit. Discharge to the ground of concrete washout waste that will subsequently be disposed of off-site is authorized by this permit. See Part I.D.3.c of the permit. c) Bulk storage structures for petroleum products and any other chemicals shall have secondary containment or equivalent adequate protection so as to contain all spills and prevent any spilled material from entering State waters. d) No chemicals are to be added to the discharge unless permission for the use of a specific chemical is granted by the Division. In granting the use of such chemicals, special conditions and monitoring may be addressed by separate correspondence. e) The Division reserves the right to require sampling and testing, on a case-by-case basis, in the event that there is reason to suspect that compliance with the SWMP is a problem, or to measure the effectiveness of the BMPs in removing pollutants in the effluent. Such monitoring may include Whole Effluent Toxicity testing. f) All site wastes must be properly managed to prevent potential pollution of State waters. This permit does not authorize on-site waste disposal. g) All dischargers must comply with the lawful requirements of federal agencies, municipalities, counties, drainage districts and other local agencies regarding any discharges of stormwater to storm drain systems or other water courses under their jurisdiction, including applicable requirements in municipal stormwater management programs developed to comply with CDPS permits. Dischargers must comply with local stormwater management requirements, policies or guidelines including erosion and sediment control. 2. BMP Implementation and Design Standards Facilities must select, install, implement, and maintain appropriate BMPs, following good engineering, hydrologic and pollution control practices. BMPs implemented at the site must be adequately designed to provide control for all potential pollutant sources associated with construction activity to prevent pollution or degradation of State waters. PART I Permit - Page 11 Permit No. COR-030000 D. TERMS AND CONDITIONS (cont.) 3. Prohibition of Non-Stormwater Discharges a) Except as provided in paragraphs b, c, and d below, all discharges covered by this permit shall be composed entirely of stormwater associated with construction activity. Discharges of material other than stormwater must be addressed in a separate CDPS permit issued for that discharge. b) Discharges from the following sources that are combined with stormwater discharges associated with construction activity may be authorized by this permit, provided that the non-stormwater component of the discharge is identified in the SWMP (see Part I.C.1.g of this permit): - emergency fire fighting activities - landscape irrigation return flow - uncontaminated springs c) Discharges to the ground of concrete washout water from washing of tools and concrete mixer chutes may be authorized by this permit, provided that: 1) the source is identified in the SWMP; 2) BMPs are included in the SWMP in accordance with Part I.C.3(c)(7) and to prevent pollution of groundwater in violation of Part I.D.1.a; and 3) these discharges do not leave the site as surface runoff or to surface waters d) Discharges to the ground of water from construction dewatering activities may be authorized by this permit, provided that: 1) the source is groundwater and/or groundwater combined with stormwater that does not contain pollutants in concentrations exceeding the State groundwater standards in Regulations 5 CCR 1002-41 and 42; 2) the source is identified in the SWMP; 3) BMPs are included in the SWMP, as required by Part I.C.3(c)(8); and 4) these discharges do not leave the site as surface runoff or to surface waters. Discharges to the ground from construction dewatering activities that do not meet the above criteria must be covered under a separate CDPS discharge permit. Contaminated groundwater requiring coverage under a separate CDPS discharge permit may include groundwater contaminated with pollutants from a landfill, mining activity, industrial pollutant plume, underground storage tank, or other source. 4. Releases in Excess of Reportable Quantities This permit does not relieve the permittee of the reporting requirements of 40 CFR 110, 40 CFR 117 or 40 CFR 302. Any discharge of hazardous material must be handled in accordance with the Division's Noncompliance Notification Requirements (see Part II.A.3 of the permit). 5. SWMP Requirements a) SWMP Preparation and Implementation: The SWMP shall be prepared prior to applying for coverage under the general permit, and certification of its completion submitted with the application. The SWMP shall be implemented prior to commencement of construction activities. The plan shall be updated as appropriate (see paragraph c, below), below). SWMP provisions shall be implemented until expiration or inactivation of permit coverage. b) SWMP Retention Requirements: A copy of the SWMP must be retained on site unless another location, specified by the permittee, is approved by the Division. c) SWMP Review/Changes: The permittee shall amend the SWMP: 1) when there is a change in design, construction, operation, or maintenance of the site, which would require the implementation of new or revised BMPs; or 2) if the SWMP proves to be ineffective in achieving the general objectives of controlling pollutants in stormwater discharges associated with construction activity; or PART I Permit - Page 12 Permit No. COR-030000 D. TERMS AND CONDITIONS (cont.) 3) when BMPs are no longer necessary and are removed. SWMP changes shall be made prior to changes in the site conditions, except as allowed for in paragraph d, below. SWMP revisions may include, but are not limited to: potential pollutant source identification; selection of appropriate BMPs for site conditions; BMP maintenance procedures; and interim and final stabilization practices. The SWMP changes may include a schedule for further BMP design and implementation, provided that, if any interim BMPs are needed to comply with the permit, they are also included in the SWMP and implemented during the interim period. d) Responsive SWMP Changes: SWMP changes addressing BMP installation and/or implementation are often required to be made in response to changing conditions, or when current BMPs are determined ineffective. The majority of SWMP revisions to address these changes can be made immediately with quick in-the-field revisions to the SWMP. In the less common scenario where more complex development of materials to modify the SWMP is necessary, SWMP revisions shall be made in accordance with the following requirements: 1) the SWMP shall be revised as soon as practicable, but in no case more than 72 hours after the change(s) in BMP installation and/or implementation occur at the site, and 2) a notation must be included in the SWMP prior to the site change(s) that includes the time and date of the change(s) in the field, an identification of the BMP(s) removed or added, and the location(s) of those BMP(s). 6. Inspections Site inspections must be conducted in accordance with the following requirements and minimum schedules. The required minimum inspection schedules do not reduce or eliminate the permittee’s responsibility to implement and maintain BMPs in good and effective operational condition, and in accordance with the SWMP, which could require more frequent inspections. a) Minimum Inspection Schedule: The permittee shall, at a minimum, make a thorough inspection, in accordance with the requirements in I.D.6.b below, at least once every 14 calendar days. Also, post-storm event inspections must be conducted within 24 hours after the end of any precipitation or snowmelt event that causes surface erosion. Provided the timing is appropriate, the post-storm inspections may be used to fulfill the 14-day routine inspection requirement. A more frequent inspection schedule than the minimum inspections described may be necessary, to ensure that BMPs continue to operate as needed to comply with the permit. The following conditional modifications to this Minimum Inspection Schedule are allowed: 1) Post-Storm Event Inspections at Temporarily Idle Sites – If no construction activities will occur following a storm event, post-storm event inspections shall be conducted prior to re-commencing construction activities, but no later than 72 hours following the storm event. The occurrence of any such delayed inspection must be documented in the inspection record. Routine inspections still must be conducted at least every 14 calendar days. 2) Inspections at Completed Sites/Areas – For sites or portions of sites that meet the following criteria, but final stabilization has not been achieved due to a vegetative cover that has not become established, the permittee shall make a thorough inspection of their stormwater management system at least once every month, and post- storm event inspections are not required. This reduced inspection schedule is only allowed if: i) all construction activities that will result in surface ground disturbance are completed; ii) all activities required for final stabilization, in accordance with the SWMP, have been completed, with the exception of the application of seed that has not occurred due to seasonal conditions or the necessity for additional seed application to augment previous efforts; and iii) the SWMP has been amended to indicate those areas that will be inspected in accordance with the reduced schedule allowed for in this paragraph. PART I Permit - Page 13 Permit No. COR-030000 D. TERMS AND CONDITIONS (cont.) 3) Winter Conditions Inspections Exclusion – Inspections are not required at sites where construction activities are temporarily halted, snow cover exists over the entire site for an extended period, and melting conditions posing a risk of surface erosion do not exist. This exception is applicable only during the period where melting conditions do not exist, and applies to the routine 14-day and monthly inspections, as well as the post-storm- event inspections. The following information must be documented in the inspection record for use of this exclusion: dates when snow cover occurred, date when construction activities ceased, and date melting conditions began. Inspections, as described above, are required at all other times. When site conditions make the schedule required in this section impractical, the permittee may petition the Division to grant an alternate inspection schedule. b) Inspection Requirements 1) Inspection Scope - The construction site perimeter, all disturbed areas, material and/or waste storage areas that are exposed to precipitation, discharge locations, and locations where vehicles access the site shall be inspected for evidence of, or the potential for, pollutants leaving the construction site boundaries, entering the stormwater drainage system, or discharging to state waters. All erosion and sediment control practices identified in the SWMP shall be evaluated to ensure that they are maintained and operating correctly. 2) Inspection Report/Records - The permittee shall keep a record of inspections. Inspection reports must identify any incidents of non-compliance with the terms and conditions of this permit. Inspection records must be retained for three years from expiration or inactivation of permit coverage. At a minimum, the inspection report must include: i) The inspection date; ii) Name(s) and title(s) of personnel making the inspection; iii) Location(s) of discharges of sediment or other pollutants from the site; iv) Location(s) of BMPs that need to be maintained; v) Location(s) of BMPs that failed to operate as designed or proved inadequate for a particular location; vi) Location(s) where additional BMPs are needed that were not in place at the time of inspection; vii) Deviations from the minimum inspection schedule as provided in Part I.D.6.a above; vii) Description of corrective action for items iii, iv, v, and vi, above, dates corrective action(s) taken, and measures taken to prevent future violations, including requisite changes to the SWMP, as necessary; and viii) After adequate corrective action(s) has been taken, or where a report does not identify any incidents requiring corrective action, the report shall contain a signed statement indicating the site is in compliance with the permit to the best of the signer’s knowledge and belief. c) Required Actions Following Site Inspections – Where site inspections note the need for BMP maintenance activities, BMPs must be maintained in accordance with the SWMP and Part I.D.7 of the permit. Repair, replacement, or installation of new BMPs determined necessary during site inspections to address ineffective or inadequate BMPs must be conducted in accordance with Part I.D.8 of the permit. SWMP updates required as a result of deficiencies in the SWMP noted during site inspections shall be made in accordance with Part I.D.5.c of the permit. 7. BMP Maintenance All erosion and sediment control practices and other protective measures identified in the SWMP must be maintained in effective operating condition. Proper selection and installation of BMPs and implementation of comprehensive Inspection and Maintenance procedures, in accordance with the SWMP, should be adequate to meet this condition. BMPs that are not adequately maintained in accordance with good engineering, hydrologic and pollution control practices, including removal of collected sediment outside the acceptable tolerances of the BMPs, are considered to be no longer operating effectively and must be addressed in accordance with Part I.D.8, below. A specific timeline for implementing maintenance procedures is not included in this permit because BMP maintenance is expected to be proactive, not responsive. Observations resulting in BMP maintenance activities can be made during a site inspection, or during general observations of site conditions. PART I Permit - Page 14 Permit No. COR-030000 D. TERMS AND CONDITIONS (cont.) 8. Replacement and Failed BMPs Adequate site assessment must be performed as part of comprehensive Inspection and Maintenance procedures, to assess the adequacy of BMPs at the site, and the necessity of changes to those BMPs to ensure continued effective performance. Where site assessment results in the determination that new or replacement BMPs are necessary, the BMPs must be installed to ensure on-going implementation of BMPs as per Part I.D.2. Where BMPs have failed, resulting in noncompliance with Part I.D.2, they must be addressed as soon as possible, immediately in most cases, to minimize the discharge of pollutants. When new BMPs are installed or BMPs are replaced, the SWMP must be updated in accordance with Part I.D.5(c). 9. Reporting No scheduled reporting requirements are included in this permit; however, the Division reserves the right to request that a copy of the inspection reports be submitted. 10. SWMP Availability A copy of the SWMP shall be provided upon request to the Division, EPA, or any local agency in charge of approving sediment and erosion plans, grading plans or stormwater management plans, and within the time frame specified in the request. If the SWMP is required to be submitted to any of these entities, it must include a signed certification in accordance with Part I.F.1 of the permit, certifying that the SWMP is complete and meets all permit requirements. All SWMPs required under this permit are considered reports that shall be available to the public under Section 308(b) of the CWA and Section 61.5(4) of the Colorado Discharge Permit System Regulations. The permittee shall make plans available to members of the public upon request. However, the permittee may claim any portion of a SWMP as confidential in accordance with 40 CFR Part 2. 11. Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) If a TMDL has been approved for any waterbody into which the permittee discharges, and stormwater discharges associated with construction activity have been assigned a pollutant-specific Wasteload Allocation (WLA) under the TMDL, the Division will either: a) Ensure that the WLA is being implemented properly through alternative local requirements, such as by a municipal stormwater permit; or b) Notify the permittee of the WLA, and amend the permittee’s certification to add specific BMPs and/or other requirements, as appropriate. The permittee may be required to do the following: 1) Under the permittee’s SWMP, implement specific management practices based on requirements of the WLA, and evaluate whether the requirements are being met through implementation of existing stormwater BMPs or if additional BMPs are necessary. Document the calculations or other evidence that show that the requirements are expected to be met; and 2) If the evaluation shows that additional or modified BMPs are necessary, describe the type and schedule for the BMP additions/revisions. Discharge monitoring may also be required. The permittee may maintain coverage under the general permit provided they comply with the applicable requirements outlined above. The Division reserves the right to require individual or alternate general permit coverage. PART I Permit - Page 15 Permit No. COR-030000 E. ADDITIONAL DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this permit: 1. Best Management Practices (BMPs): schedules of activities, prohibitions of practices, maintenance procedures, and other management practices to prevent or reduce the pollution of waters of the State. BMPs also include treatment requirements, operating procedures, pollution prevention, and practices to control site runoff, spillage or leaks, waste disposal, or drainage from material storage. 2. Dedicated asphalt plants and concrete plants: portable asphalt plants and concrete plants that are located on or adjacent to a construction site and that provide materials only to that specific construction site. 3. Final stabilization: when all ground surface disturbing activities at the site have been completed, and uniform vegetative cover has been established with an individual plant density of at least 70 percent of pre-disturbance levels, or equivalent permanent, physical erosion reduction methods have been employed. For purposes of this permit, establishment of a vegetative cover capable of providing erosion control equivalent to pre-existing conditions at the site will be considered final stabilization. 4. Municipal separate storm sewer system: a conveyance or system of conveyances (including: roads with drainage systems, municipal streets, catch basins, curbs, gutters, ditches, man-made channels, or storm drains), owned or operated by a State, city, town, county, district, or other public body (created by state law), having jurisdiction over disposal of sewage, industrial waste, stormwater, or other wastes; designed or used for collecting or conveying stormwater. 5. Operator: the entity that has day-to-day supervision and control of activities occurring at the construction site. This can be the owner, the developer, the general contractor or the agent of one of these parties, in some circumstances. It is anticipated that at different phases of a construction project, different types of parties may satisfy the definition of 'operator' and that the permit may be transferred as the roles change. 6. Outfall: a point source at the point where stormwater leaves the construction site and discharges to a receiving water or a stormwater collection system. 7. Part of a larger common plan of development or sale: a contiguous area where multiple separate and distinct construction activities may be taking place at different times on different schedules. 8. Point source: any discernible, confined and discrete conveyance from which pollutants are or may be discharged. Point source discharges of stormwater result from structures which increase the imperviousness of the ground which acts to collect runoff, with runoff being conveyed along the resulting drainage or grading pattern. 9. Pollutant: dredged spoil, dirt, slurry, solid waste, incinerator residue, sewage, sewage sludge, garbage, trash, chemical waste, biological nutrient, biological material, radioactive material, heat, wrecked or discarded equipment, rock, sand, or any industrial, municipal or agricultural waste. 10. Process water: any water which, during manufacturing or processing, comes into contact with or results from the production of any raw material, intermediate product, finished product, by product or waste product. This definition includes mine drainage. 11. Receiving Water: any classified stream segment (including tributaries) in the State of Colorado into which stormwater related to construction activities discharges. This definition includes all water courses, even if they are usually dry, such as borrow ditches, arroyos, and other unnamed waterways. 12. Significant Materials include, but are not limited to: raw materials; fuels; materials such as solvents, detergents, and plastic pellets; finished materials such as metallic products; raw materials used in food processing or production; hazardous substances designated under section 101(14) of CERCLA; any chemical the facility is required to report pursuant to section 313 of title III of SARA; fertilizers; pesticides; and waste products such as ashes, slag and sludge that have the potential to be released with stormwater discharge. 13. Stormwater: precipitation-induced surface runoff. PART I Permit - Page 16 Permit No. COR-030000 F. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1. Signatory Requirements a) All reports required for submittal shall be signed and certified for accuracy by the permittee in accordance with the following criteria: 1) In the case of corporations, by a principal executive officer of at least the level of vice-president or his or her duly authorized representative, if such representative is responsible for the overall operation of the facility from which the discharge described in the form originates; 2) In the case of a partnership, by a general partner; 3) In the case of a sole proprietorship, by the proprietor; 4) In the case of a municipal, state, or other public facility, by either a principal executive officer, ranking elected official, or other duly authorized employee, if such representative is responsible for the overall operation of the facility from which the discharge described in the form originates. b) Changes to authorization. If an authorization under paragraph a) of this section is no longer accurate because a different individual or position has responsibility for the overall operation of the facility, a new authorization satisfying the requirements of paragraph a) of this section must be submitted to the Division, prior to or together with any reports, information, or applications to be signed by an authorized representative. c) Certification. Any person signing a document under paragraph a) of this section shall make the following certification: “I certify under penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations.” 2. Retention of Records a) The permittee shall retain copies of the SWMP and all reports required by this permit and records of all data used to complete the application to be covered by this permit, for three years after expiration or inactivation of permit coverage. b) The permittee shall retain a copy of the SWMP required by this permit at the construction site from the date of project initiation to the date of expiration or inactivation of permit coverage, unless another location, specified by the permittee, is approved by the Division. 3. Monitoring The Division reserves the right to require sampling and testing, on a case-by-case basis (see Part I.D.1.e), for example to implement the provisions of a TMDL (see Part I.D.11 of the permit). Reporting procedures for any monitoring data collected will be included in the notification by the Division of monitoring requirements. If monitoring is required, the following definitions apply: a) The thirty (30) day average shall be determined by the arithmetic mean of all samples collected during a thirty (30) consecutive-day period. b) A grab sample, for monitoring requirements, is a single “dip and take” sample. PART II Permit - Page 17 Permit No. COR-030000 PART II A. MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS 1. Amending a Permit Certification The permittee shall inform the Division (Permits Section) in writing of changes to the information provided in the permit application, including the legal contact, the project legal description or map originally submitted with the application, or the planned total disturbed acreage. The permittee shall furnish the Division with any plans and specifications which the Division deems reasonably necessary to evaluate the effect on the discharge and receiving stream. If applicable, this notification may be accomplished through submittal of an application for a CDPS process water permit authorizing the discharge. The SWMP shall be updated and implemented prior to the changes (see Part I.D.5.c). Any discharge to the waters of the State from a point source other than specifically authorized by this permit or a different CDPS permit is prohibited. 2. Special Notifications - Definitions a) Spill: An unintentional release of solid or liquid material which may cause pollution of state waters. b) Upset: An exceptional incident in which there is unintentional and temporary noncompliance with permit discharge limitations because of factors beyond the reasonable control of the permittee. An upset does not include noncompliance to the extent caused by operational error, improperly designed treatment facilities, inadequate treatment facilities, lack of preventative maintenance, or careless or improper operation. 3. Noncompliance Notification a) The permittee shall report the following instances of noncompliance: 1) Any noncompliance which may endanger health or the environment; 2) Any spill or discharge of hazardous substances or oil which may cause pollution of the waters of the state. 3) Any discharge of stormwater which may cause an exceedance of a water quality standard. b) For all instances of noncompliance based on environmental hazards and chemical spills and releases, all needed information must be provided orally to the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment spill reporting line (24-hour number for environmental hazards and chemical spills and releases: 1-877-518-5608) within 24 hours from the time the permittee becomes aware of the circumstances. For all other instances of noncompliance as defined in this section, all needed information must be provided orally to the Water Quality Control Division within 24 hours from the time the permittee becomes aware of the circumstances. For all instances of noncompliance identified here, a written submission shall also be provided within 5 calendar days of the time the permittee becomes aware of the circumstances. The written submission shall contain a description of: 1) The noncompliance and its cause; 2) The period of noncompliance, including exact dates and times, and if the noncompliance has not been corrected, the anticipated time it is expected to continue; 3) Steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent reoccurrence of the noncompliance. PART II Permit - Page 18 Permit No. COR-030000 A. MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS (cont.) 4. Submission of Incorrect or Incomplete Information Where the permittee failed to submit any relevant facts in a permit application, or submitted incorrect information in a permit application or report to the Division, or relevant new information becomes available, the permittee shall promptly submit the relevant application information which was not submitted or any additional information needed to correct any erroneous information previously submitted. 5. Bypass a) A bypass, which causes effluent limitations (i.e., requirements to implement BMPs in accordance with Parts I.B.3 and I.D.2 of the permit) to be exceeded is prohibited, and the Division may take enforcement action against a permittee for such a bypass, unless: 1) Bypass was unavoidable to prevent loss of life, personal injury, or severe property damage; 2) There were no feasible alternatives to the bypass, such as the use of auxiliary treatment facilities (e.g., alternative BMPs), retention of untreated wastes, or maintenance during normal periods of equipment downtime. This condition is not satisfied if the permittee could have installed adequate backup equipment (e.g., implemented additional BMPs) to prevent a bypass which occurred during normal periods of equipment downtime or preventative maintenance; and 3) The permittee submitted notices as required in "Non-Compliance Notification," Part II.A.3. 6. Upsets a) Effect of an Upset: An upset constitutes an affirmative defense to an action brought for noncompliance with permit limitations and requirements if the requirements of paragraph b of this section are met. (No determination made during administrative review of claims that noncompliance was caused by upset, and before an action for noncompliance, is final administrative action subject to judicial review.) b) Conditions Necessary for a Demonstration of Upset: A permittee who wishes to establish the affirmative defense of upset shall demonstrate through properly signed contemporaneous operating logs, or other relevant evidence that: 1) An upset occurred and that the permittee can identify the specific cause(s) of the upset; 2) The permitted facility was at the time being properly operated; 3) The permittee submitted notice of the upset as required in Part II.A.3. of this permit (24-hour notice); and 4) The permittee complied with any remedial measures required under 40 CFR Section 122.41(d) of the federal regulations or Section 61.8(3)(h) of the Colorado Discharge Permit System Regulations. c) Burden of Proof: In any enforcement proceeding the permittee seeking to establish the occurrence of an upset has the burden of proof. 7. Removed Substances Solids, sludges, or other pollutants removed in the course of treatment or control of discharges shall be properly disposed of in a manner such as to prevent any pollutant from such materials from entering waters of the State. 8. Minimization of Adverse Impact The permittee shall take all reasonable steps to minimize any adverse impact to waters of the State resulting from noncompliance with any terms and conditions specified in this permit, including such accelerated or additional monitoring as necessary to determine the nature and impact of the noncomplying discharge. PART II Permit - Page 19 Permit No. COR-030000 A. MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS (cont.) 9. Reduction, Loss, or Failure of Stormwater Controls The permittee has the duty to halt or reduce any activity if necessary to maintain compliance with the permit requirements. Upon reduction, loss, or failure of any stormwater controls, the permittee shall, to the extent necessary to maintain compliance with its permit, control production, or remove all pollutant sources from exposure to stormwater, or both, until the stormwater controls are restored or an alternative method of treatment/control is provided. It shall not be a defense for a permittee in an enforcement action that it would be necessary to halt or reduce the permitted activity in order to maintain compliance with the conditions of this permit. 10. Proper Operation and Maintenance The permittee shall at all times properly operate and maintain all facilities and systems of treatment and control (and related appurtenances) which are installed or used by the permittee to achieve compliance with the conditions of this permit. Proper operation and maintenance includes effective performance, adequate funding, adequate operator staffing and training, and adequate laboratory and process controls, including appropriate quality assurance procedures. This provision requires the operation of back-up or auxiliary facilities or similar systems only when necessary to achieve compliance with the conditions of the permit. B. RESPONSIBILITIES 1. Inspections and Right to Entry The permittee shall allow the Director of the State Water Quality Control Division, the EPA Regional Administrator, and/or their authorized representative(s), upon the presentation of credentials: a) To enter upon the permittee's premises where a regulated facility or activity is located or in which any records are required to be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit; b) At reasonable times to have access to and copy any records required to be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit and to inspect any monitoring equipment or monitoring method required in the permit; and c) To enter upon the permittee's premises to investigate, within reason, any actual, suspected, or potential source of water pollution, or any violation of the Colorado Water Quality Control Act. The investigation may include, but is not limited to, the following: sampling of any discharge and/or process waters, the taking of photographs, interviewing permittee staff on alleged violations and other matters related to the permit, and access to any and all facilities or areas within the permittee's premises that may have any effect on the discharge, permit, or any alleged violation. 2. Duty to Provide Information The permittee shall furnish to the Division, within the time frame specified by the Division, any information which the Division may request to determine whether cause exists for modifying, revoking and reissuing, or inactivating coverage under this permit, or to determine compliance with this permit. The permittee shall also furnish to the Division, upon request, copies of records required to be kept by this permit. 3. Transfer of Ownership or Control Certification under this permit may be transferred to a new permittee if: a) The current permittee notifies the Division in writing when the transfer is desired as outlined in Part I.A.7; and b) The notice includes a written agreement between the existing and new permittees containing a specific date for transfer of permit responsibility, coverage and liability between them; and c) The current permittee has met all fee requirements of the Colorado Discharge Permit System Regulations, Section 61.15. PART II Permit - Page 20 Permit No. COR-030000 B. RESPONSIBILITIES (cont.) 4. Modification, Suspension, or Revocation of Permit By Division All permit modification, inactivation or revocation and reissuance actions shall be subject to the requirements of the Colorado Discharge Permit System Regulations, Sections 61.5(2), 61.5(3), 61.7 and 61.15, 5 C.C.R. 1002-61, except for minor modifications. a) This permit, and/or certification under this permit, may be modified, suspended, or revoked in whole or in part during its term for reasons determined by the Division including, but not limited to, the following: 1) Violation of any terms or conditions of the permit; 2) Obtaining a permit by misrepresentation or failing to disclose any fact which is material to the granting or denial of a permit or to the establishment of terms or conditions of the permit; 3) Materially false or inaccurate statements or information in the application for the permit; 4) Promulgation of toxic effluent standards or prohibitions (including any schedule of compliance specified in such effluent standard or prohibition) which are established under Section 307 of the Clean Water Act, where such a toxic pollutant is present in the discharge and such standard or prohibition is more stringent than any limitation for such pollutant in this permit. b) This permit, and/or certification under this permit, may be modified in whole or in part due to a change in any condition that requires either a temporary or permanent reduction or elimination of the permitted discharge, such as: 1) Promulgation of Water Quality Standards applicable to waters affected by the permitted discharge; or 2) Effluent limitations or other requirements applicable pursuant to the State Act or federal requirements; or 3) Control regulations promulgated; or 4) Other available information indicates a potential for violation of adopted Water Quality Standards or stream classifications. c) This permit, or certification under this permit, may be modified in whole or in part to include new effluent limitations and other appropriate permit conditions where data submitted pursuant to Part I indicate that such effluent limitations and permit conditions are necessary to ensure compliance with applicable water quality standards and protection of classified uses. d) At the request of the permittee, the Division may modify or inactivate certification under this permit if the following conditions are met: 1) In the case of inactivation, the permittee notifies the Division of its intent to inactivate the certification, and certifies that the site has been finally stabilized; 2) In the case of inactivation, the permittee has ceased any and all discharges to state waters and demonstrates to the Division there is no probability of further uncontrolled discharge(s) which may affect waters of the State. 3) The Division finds that the permittee has shown reasonable grounds consistent with the Federal and State statutes and regulations for such modification, amendment or inactivation; 4) Fee requirements of Section 61.15 of the Colorado Discharge Permit System Regulations have been met; and 5) Applicable requirements of public notice have been met. For small construction sites covered by a Qualifying Local Program, coverage under this permit is automatically terminated when a site has been finally stabilized. PART II Permit - Page 21 Permit No. COR-030000 B. RESPONSIBILITIES (cont.) 5. Permit Violations Failure to comply with any terms and/or conditions of this permit shall be a violation of this permit. Dischargers of stormwater associated with industrial activity, as defined in the EPA Stormwater Regulation (40 CFR 122.26(b)(14) and Section 61.3(2) of the Colorado Discharge Permit System Regulations, which do not obtain coverage under this or other Colorado general permits, or under an individual CDPS permit regulating industrial stormwater, will be in violation of the federal Clean Water Act and the Colorado Water Quality Control Act, 25-8-101, as amended. Failure to comply with CDPS permit requirements will also constitute a violation. 6. Legal Responsibilities The issuance of this permit does not convey any property or water rights in either real or personal property, or stream flows, or any exclusive privileges, nor does it authorize any injury to private property or any invasion of personal rights, nor any infringement of Federal, State or local laws or regulations. Nothing in this permit shall be construed to preclude the institution of any legal action or relieve the permittee from any responsibilities, liabilities, or penalties established pursuant to any applicable State law or regulation under authority granted by Section 510 of the Clean Water Act. 7. Severability The provisions of this permit are severable. If any provisions of this permit, or the application of any provision of this permit to any circumstance, are held invalid, the application of such provision to other circumstances and the application of the remainder of this permit shall not be affected. 8. Renewal Application If the permittee desires to continue to discharge, a permit renewal application shall be submitted at least ninety (90) days before this permit expires. If the permittee anticipates that there will be no discharge after the expiration date of this permit, the Division should be promptly notified so that it can inactivate the certification in accordance with Part II.B.4.d. 9. Confidentiality Except for data determined to be confidential under Section 308 of the Federal Clean Water Act and Colorado Discharge Permit System Regulations, Section 61.5(4), all reports prepared in accordance with the terms of this permit shall be available for public inspection at the offices of the Division. The permittee must state what is confidential at the time of submittal. Any information relating to any secret process, method of manufacture or production, or sales or marketing data which has been declared confidential by the permittee, and which may be acquired, ascertained, or discovered, whether in any sampling investigation, emergency investigation, or otherwise, shall not be publicly disclosed by any member, officer, or employee of the Commission or the Division, but shall be kept confidential. Any person seeking to invoke the protection of this section shall bear the burden of proving its applicability. This section shall never be interpreted as preventing full disclosure of effluent data. 10. Fees The permittee is required to submit payment of an annual fee as set forth in the Water Quality Control Act. Failure to submit the required fee when due and payable is a violation of the permit and will result in enforcement action pursuant to Section 25-8-60l et. seq., C.R.S. l973 as amended. PART II Permit - Page 22 Permit No. COR-030000 B. RESPONSIBILITIES (cont.) 11. Requiring an Individual CDPS Permit The Director may require the permittee to apply for and obtain an individual or alternate general CDPS permit if: a) The discharger is not in compliance with the conditions of this general permit; b) Conditions or standards have changed so that the discharge no longer qualifies for a general permit; or c) Data/information become available which indicate water quality standards may be violated. The permittee must be notified in writing that an application for an individual or alternate general CDPS permit is required. When an individual or alternate general CDPS permit is issued to an operator otherwise covered under this general permit, the applicability of this general permit to that operator is automatically inactivated upon the effective date of the individual or alternate general CDPS permit. Appendices Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Appendix – E Amendment Log Appendix E SWMP Amendment Log Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Appendix E - SWMP Amendment Log Amendment # SWMP Ref. Section Description of Amendment Date of Amendment Amendment Prepared By: Appendices Foothills Mall Redevelopment Material Copyrighted© 2009 All Rights Reserved Summit Services Group, LLC Denver, CO www.summitservicesgroup.com Ph. 303-520-7653 Fax 720-224-9104 Appendix – F Inspection Reports (slowly degrading) 1.5:1 (H:V) ≤0.25 @ 1.5:1 2.00 lbs/ft2 (96 Pa) 100 lbs/ft (1.45 kN/m) 24 months Erosion Control Blankets & Open Weave Textiles 1:1 (H:V) ≤0.25 @ 1:1 2.25 lbs/ft2 (108 Pa) 125 lbs/ft (1.82 kN/m) 36 months * C Factor and shear stress for mulch control nettings must be obtained with netting used in conjunction with pre-applied mulch material. (See Section 5.3 of Chapter 7 Construction BMPs for more information on the C Factor.) 1 Minimum Average Roll Values, Machine direction using ECTC Mod. ASTM D 5035. 2 C Factor calculated as ratio of soil loss from RECP protected slope (tested at specified or greater gradient, H:V) to ratio of soil loss from unprotected (control) plot in large-scale testing. 3 Required minimum shear stress RECP (unvegetated) can sustain without physical damage or excess erosion (> 12.7 mm (0.5 in) soil loss) during a 30-minute flow event in large-scale testing. 4 The permissible shear stress levels established for each performance category are based on historical experience with products characterized by Manning's roughness coefficients in the range of 0.01 - 0.05. 5 Acceptable large-scale test methods may include ASTM D 6459, or other independent testing deemed acceptable by the engineer. 6 Per the engineer’s discretion. Recommended acceptable large-scale testing protocol may include ASTM D 6460, or other independent testing deemed acceptable by the engineer. needed. Not anticipated for this site. Significant Dust or Particulate generating process/wind erosion Airborne particles (fugitive dust) Street sweeping regularly or when needed. Limit vehicle traffic on non-paved areas. Limit dust generating activities during periods of high winds. Water and maintain the property at all times during construction as to prevent wind-caused erosion. Immediately discontinue land disturbing activities when fugitive dust impacts adjacent properties. Provide contractor training and education. stormwater flows and inlets. Provide secondary containment for all storage of listed materials that are not temporary in nature (longer than 24-48 hrs). Follow materials handling procedures. Contractor training and education. Install perimeter control BMPs as secondary containment. Vehicle Equipment Maintenance and Fueling Fuels, Oils, Solvents, Grease Maintenance shall be performed offsite except in the case of emergency repairs. Perimeter controls and inlet protection will be installed. Spill Prevention practices and Material Handling procedures will be followed. Perform maintenance and fueling away from stormwater flows and inlets. Follow materials handling procedures. Contractor training and education. Routine Maintenance Activities Fertilizers, Pesticides, Fuels, Oils Perimeter controls and inlet protection will be installed. Spill Prevention practices and Material Handling procedures will be followed. Perform maintenance and fueling away from stormwater flows and inlets. Follow materials handling procedures. Contractor training and education. Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 8/6/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report 4487700 4487700 4487800 4487800 4487900 4487900 4488000 4488000 4488100 4488100 4488200 4488200 4488300 4488300 4488400 4488400 0 300 600 1,200 1,800 Feet 0 50 100 200 300 ± Meters 40° 32' 47'' 105° 3' 57'' 40° 32' 21'' 105° 3' 57'' 40° 32' 21'' 40° 32' 47'' 105° 4' 47'' 105° 4' 47'' Map Scale: 1:5,620 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. Custom Soil Resource Report Soil Map