Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout1994-047-03/15/1994-AIR QUALITY ACTION PLAN AIR QUALITY POLICY PLAN COMPREHENSIVE PLAN RESOLUTION 94-47 OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS ENDORSING THE AIR QUALITY ACTION PLAN WHEREAS, on March 16, 1993, the Council of the City of Fort Collins adopted Resolution 93-45, whereby the Air Quality Policy Plan was approved for incorporation into the City's Comprehensive Plan; and WHEREAS, subsequent to the enactment of said Resolution, the Air Quality Task Force and the City staff drafted an Air Quality Action Plan ("the Plan") , attached hereto and incorporated hereby by this reference, containing strategies to achieve the air quality objectives contained in the Air Quality Policy Plan; and WHEREAS, the City Council reviewed the Plan at its work session on February 22, 1994; and WHEREAS, the City Council has determined that the proposed Plan is in the best interests of the citizens of the City and should be formally approved by the Council for implementation by the staff. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS that the Plan be and is hereby approved by the Council for implementation by City staff. Passed and adopted at a regular meeting of the uncil of the t; of Fort Collins held this 15th day of March, A.D. 1994. or ATTEST: City Clerk FORT COLLINS AIR QUALITY ACTION PLAN INTRODUCTION This report sets forth air quality actions for the City of Fort Collins, as adopted by the City Council on March 15, 1994. The purpose of these actions is to implement the Air Quality Policy Plan (AQPP) , an element of the Comprehensive Plan adopted 2/22/93 by the Planning and Zoning Board and approved 3/16/93 by the Fort Collins City Council. The AQPP set forth the goal "To continually improve Fort Collins air quality as the city grows.'$ The AQPP also set forth measurable objectives for motor vehicle emissions, commercial and industrial sources, wood burning, and indoor air quality. The actions outlined below are designed to advance AQPP objectives. The actions are sequenced according to relative priority and available resources. Each action will be further developed in consultation with interested or affected parties, brought forward for City Council adoption if necessary, and implemented. The Action Elements include the following: 1. TRAVEL GROWTH AND TRAFFIC CONGESTION . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. MOTOR VEHICLE TAILPIPE EMISSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3. COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4. WOOD STOVES AND FIREPLACES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 5. INDOOR AIR POLLUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 6. BUILD INTERGOVERNMENTAL PARTNERSHIPS . . . . . . . . . 12 7. DATA COLLECTION AND MONITORING . . . . . . . . . . . 13 8. AIR QUALITY EDUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 9. STATE LEGISLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 The City of Fort Collins will make reasonable accommodations for access to City services, programs, and activities and will make special communication arrangements for persons with disabilities. Please call 221-6600 for assistance. Air OualitV Action Plan Pace 2 The description of each action element includes a list of the guiding AQPP policies for that action element. In addition, the following over-arching policies are to be consistently reflected in all elements of the Action Plan. A h-ierarrchy- of approaches shall be- applied- to all actions for minimizing air pollution- Measures- will- first emphasiza and target pollution prevention, then will utilize pollution control technology, and lastly, will attempt to achieve emissions reductions by adopting new operating practices. The priority system to be followed will demonstrate that the City organization complies with air pollution regulations and voluntarily reduces emissions in its operations before actions will be undertaken to ask others to reduce air pollution voluntarily or by ordinance. The City will coordinate its actions with other government agency and public erveity programs. Air quality research, strategy development, public outreach campaigns, and enforcement. actions should bemutually cooperative to increase the effectiveness of each group's programs and to avoid duplication of effort. For all actions, the City will measure and review the progress of its air quality indicators at least biennially to determine whether or not strategies are having the desired effect or need to be amended. Air quality improvement strategies that are successfully applied in other cities or regions should be considered for use in Fort Collins. Fort- Collins' air r equal ty will- most ef£ective]_y be improved by reducing total area-wide emissions into the atmosphere from mobile and stationary sources, and by reducing personal exposure to pollution from indoor sources. The City will seek to involve the entire community in implementing air quality actions, including its citizens, Colorado State University, Poudre R-1 School District, private industry, and businesses. Any air pollution arising from new sources that develop in Fort Collins must be more than offset, or compensated, by actions to reduce emissions from existing sources. A note on motor vehicle emissions: One objective of the AQPP is to prevent total motor vehicle emissions of high priority pollutants from rising above their low point, projected to occur in the year 2000. Total emissions are reduced by actions that either reduce VMT or reduce tailpipe emissions per mile, actions that are covered Air- OugOAty Act-1o$ Plan PM 3 in the first two action elements, below. The overall objective, however, requires that the combined effectiveness of the VMT and tailpipe strategies must be sufficient to prevent motor vehicle emissions from increasing in future years. By estimating future year emissions and considering the effects of strategy implementation, we can test whether the VMT and tailpipe strategies in combination have the desired effect. This projection is updated at least every two years and reported to City Council as part of the biennial report on air quality indicators. ACTION ELEMENTS 1. TRAVEL GROWTH AND TRAFFIC CONGESTION Overview An objective of the AQPP is to reduce the growth of total vehicle- miles of- travel (VMT) in the Fort Collins Urban Growth Area. VMT is calculated in miles per day using the MINUTP traffic simulation model or equivalent, calibrated using traffic count data. In 1990, 1.9 million miles were driven each day within the Fort Collins Urban Growth Area. The trend in Fort Collins, as in the nation, is for VMT to increase faster than population, which indicates that the average person drives more each year. The average number of motor vehicle trips per household is increasing, the average trip length is increasing, and the average vehicle occupancy is decreasing -- trends that all contribute to increasing VMT, increasing traffic congestion, and reduced air quality. Traditionally, congestion has been "managed" by increasing the capacity of congested roadways through lane additions or traffic operations improvements. Experience over the past three decades has revealed three shortcomings of the "supply-side" approach. First, cost-effectiveness is low because, as traffic growth fills newly expanded roadways, congestion returns at even higher levels. Second, air quality worsens, because improved traffic flow encourages traffic growth which increases total regional air pollution. Third, reducing- traffic delays encourages a dispersed land development pattern, with the result that more trips must be made by auto and average trips must cover longer distances. Because of the unfavorable experience with supply-oriented strategies, the City is interested in managing traffic congestion rather than simply reacting to it. What is needed is a bigger, more sophisticated "toolbox" that facilitates an integrated approach to transportation, land use, and environmental quality. This need is to be met by the Congestion Management Plan (CMP) , now in preparation. Air Ouality Action Plan Pace 4 The CMP provides a range of strategies and the means to implement them. Strategies include multi-modal investments, demand management programs, market-based measures, and inter-modal connections as well as routine capacity improvements. The CMP Focus Group, comprising representatives from affected interest groups, has indicated its initial preference for action strategies, shown below. With the twin goals of maintaining adequate roadway level of service (LOS D) and reducing the growth in VMT, the CMP also creates a process by which current congestion is analyzed, the best candidate strategies are identified, measures of congestion are developed for progress reporting and performance analysis, and projects are prioritized for funding according to their effectiveness. The Congestion Management System will become a routine part of the City's transportation program. Policy Basis MV-1 Continuously reduce total motor vehicle emissions by employing strategies. . .to slow the growth of vehicle-miles of travel, by providing alternatives to motor vehicle travel in single- occupant vehicles. CP-1 City programs, especially the planning and implementation of transportation, land use, utility service, and capital improvement programs, shall address themselves to changing citizen travel behavior to reduce vehicle miles of travel, using strategies that reduce trip generation, reduce trip length, and increase vehicle occupancy. MV-2 The City Is primary approach to improving motor vehicle-related air pollution is to reduce total area-wide motor vehicle emissions over the long term. Any action that increases short-term or localized emissions can be justified, if it is demonstrated that long-term or area-wide emissions are decreased by the action, and if localized concentrations do not rise to a level that violates National Ambient Air Quality Standards. LU-1 The City shall support proposals for higher density residen- tial development and mixed land use development in all neighborhoods, if they are designed to enhance the use of alternatives to single-occupant motor vehicle transportation, and if they comply with all other criteria necessary for approval of such proposals. UT-4 Use price mechanisms of the free market to help shift citizen and business choices toward actions that reduce air pollution, including removing hidden cost subsidies to motor vehicle users, employing economic incentives and disincentives, and Numbered policies from the 3/16/93 Air Quality Policy Plan. Air ouality Action Plan Page 5 other market approaches. CP-4 The City will adopt no transportation or land use plan or program unless there is an affirmative finding that the plan or program has given consideration to the objectives and policies of the Air Quality Policy Plan. Strategies CMP FOCUS GROUP -- INITIAL STRATEGY PREFERENCES Strategy/Action item Capital Projects Roadway capital -- Intersection upgrades, turn lanes Transit capital -- Shorter head-ways Bicycle.capital -- New bike lanes Pedestrian capital -- New sidewalks Programs -- Demand management Employer-based measures Market-based trip reduction City plans and regulations _ Lard use planning -- Activity center plans, mixed use development, LEGS general changes Growth management -- Urban boundary Urban design -- Transit access by design, Pedestrian standards, mixed-use standards, density standards 2. MOTOR VEHICLE TAILPIPE EMISSIONS Overview An objective of the AQPP is to reduce the tailpipe emissions per mile of high-priority pollutants, including carbon monoxide, fine particulate, air toxics, and volatile organic compounds. Tailpipe emissions are calculated in grams per mile using USEPA's MOBILE emissions simulation model or equivalent. While VMT (previous section) is the "behavioral" side of the motor vehicle emissions, tailpipe emissions per mile is the "technological" side. Most of the improvements seen in motor vehicle emissions since the mid 1960 's have come from technology. New cars are designed to meet federal emissions standards. State testing and repair programs identify vehicles that need repair due to high in-use emissions. State oxygenated fuels programs reduce Air Ouality Action Plan Page 6 wintertime carbon monoxide emissions. The actions proposed in this section rely upon and extend the effectiveness of technology. Although an emissions sticker is required for people who live, work, or attend school in Fort Collins, some workers and students do not have- their vehicles inspected, thin reducing the- overall effectiveness of the state's inspection and maintenance program. A local enforcement program is proposed to close existing enforcement loopholes. Emissions testing will change in the Denver metropolitan area. Beginning in 1995, metro-area cars will get an "enhanced" test on a dynamometer which simulates actual driving conditions. Today, cars are tested with their engines idling, a test designed for older engine technology and poorly-suited to flag emissions equipment failures in today's high-technology vehicles. Although the enabling state legislation excludes Fort Collins, Loveland, and southeast Larimer County from the enhanced program, enhanced testing remains an option for this area, if approved by the state legislature. A task force will be convened to examine the issues and propose an emissions testing approach that is tailored to our area. Such a proposal would not have to duplicate the approach mandated for Denver. Rather, it could combine elements of the enhanced test, the idle test currently in use, on-road remote sensing of vehicle exhaust, mechanic training, and public education. The task force must have a range of participants representing consumers, mechanics, mechanic trainers, emissions testers, state and county agencies, and the legislature. Alternative fuels such as natural gas and propane can reduce motor vehicle emissions and are well-suited to fleet operations. The City fleet, with about 25% propane vehicles, will consider increasing its use of alternative fuels to set an example for other fleets, both governmental and private. Fleet operators throughout the City will be asked to enter into a voluntary program to increase the use of alternative fuels, taking advantage of incentives now offered at the federal and state level. During the winter, the Streets Department uses advanced techniques for sanding the streets and for sweeping up the sand when snow and ice are gone. The Streets Department will regularly update its sanding and sweeping procedures to reflect the best management practices for both public safety and reduced air pollution. Gasoline tanker deliveries at service stations can release large amounts of gasoline vapor unless equipment is installed and utilized to return the vapors to the tanker truck. This procedure is required in the Denver metropolitan area. Most Fort Collins area service stations and most tanker trucks have the proper equipment for vapor recovery. It is proposed that the City provide routine checking to assure this equipment is actually used in practice, since no agency routinely checks on this at present. Air Quality Action Plan Page 7 Policy Basis UT-3 Support and encourage the fullest possible enforcement of federal, State, and County air quality regulations. MV-1 Continuously reduce total motor vehicle emissions by employing strategies. . .to reduce tailpipe emissions per mile of travel. strategies STRATEGIES AND WORK PLAN Strategy/Action Item 94 11 95 96 97 197 VT-1 Emissions Sticker Ordinance xxx Adopt an enforcement ordinance for emissions stickers that will include local residents with out-of-state licenses, and blue smoker and diesel laws, to be enforced by City Police or deputized staff. VT-2 Emissions Testing and Repair Program xxx xxx Adopt an emissions testing program tailored to Fort Collins and southeast Larimer County. This program could include elements from the existing program, the m'enhanced" program planned for Denver, on- road remote sensing of vehicle exhaust, and increased public education, and must be approved by the State legislature. VT-3 Automobile Maintenance Education xxx -Corduct an education program on the importance of proper auto maintenance and well-tuned engines, and on the high emissions caused by small internal combustion engines such as taws mowers and snow blowers. VT-4 Alternative Fuels VT-4.1 Establish a leadership role for the City in the use of xxx alternative fuels by purchasing alternative fuel vehicles, converting City fleet vehicles to alternative fuels, and specifying low-pollution diesel engines and fuel formulation for transit vehicles. VT-4.2 Conduct a voluntary fuel conversion program that builds xxx partnerships and works with private fleets, helps publicize state and federal financiaL incentives, and offers incentives such as tax rebates or sales tax reductions. VT-5 Street Sanding and Sweeping xxx Adopt best management practices (BMP) for street sweeping and sanding to limit the amount of sand applied to roadways, sweep streets as quickly and often as weather permits, apply BMPms throughout the UGA, and specify the use of the cleanest, most durable sand available. VT-6 Gasoline Vapor Recovery xxx Adopt an ordinance requiring vapor recovery systems at gas stations to capture emissions when underground tanks are filled (stage I technology). Air Ouality Action Plan Pace 8 3. COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS Overview An objective of the AQPP is to reduce total emissions of high priority pollutants from commercial and industrial sources in the Fort Collins Urban Growth Area, including carbon monoxide, fine particulates, air toxics, and volatile organic compounds. The emissions inventory is compiled in tons per day using existing information sources, supplemented by additional data collection if needed. (An inventory of pesticide use is included. ) Regulations of the Colorado Air Quality Control Commission, enforced by the Colorado and Larimer County health departments, govern emissions from stationary pollution sources. The City, however, can have a role in reducing pollution levels beyond the state regulations. A first priority is to gain better information on the amount of pollution attributable to stationary sources in the City. Current efforts by the state health department to update inventories for criteria pollutants (due December 1993) and air toxics (due December 1994) will provide needed information. The City can assist the state health department in this effort by checking that their inventory covers all applicable sources. Pollution prevention programs (PPP) strive to reduce pollution before it is created, through materials substitution, process changes, and good housekeeping, among other approaches. Such programs not only reduce environmental pollution, but also protect workers and may save businesses money at the same time. The City will cooperate with and strengthen existing pollution prevention programs in the community and, if necessary, implement a city-wide PPP. To assist in land use decisions that involve new air pollution sources, guidelines and criteria will be developed to distinguish between higher- and lower-polluting types of businesses, encourage pollution prevention from the start of a new business, and provide guidance- on the- evaluation of health risks- and the- effect of wind- patterns and topography. Policy Basis IG-2 The City does not enforce State regulations on stationary air pollution sources, rather the City continues to rely upon the Colorado and Larimer County Health Departments to assure that local sources comply with Colorado Air Quality Control Commission regulations. UT-3 Support and encourage the fullest possible enforcement of federal, State, and County air quality regulations. Air Ouality Action Plan Pace 9 UT-2 It is in the best interests of the City that State and County Health Departments have adequate responsibility, authority, and resources (funding and personnel) to enforce regulations adopted by the Colorado Air Quality Control Commission. UT-1 Minimize air pollution emissions using the following hierarchy of approaches: CP-4 The City will adopt no transportation or land use plan or program unless there is an affirmative finding that the plan or program has given consideration to the objectives and policies of the Air Quality Policy Plan. LU-2 The City will recognize health risks, especially with respect to air toxics, when considering potential sites for new stationary air pollution sources and receptors. TC-1 The City will recognize the effect of local wind patterns and topography on air quality, when considering potential sites for new stationary air pollution sources or receptors. DI-3 The City will work with County, State, and federal health officials to reduce the health risks posed by toxic air pollutants, including risk of cancer, mutation, developmental disorders, and nervous system poisoning. Strategies STRATEGIES AND WORK PLAN Strategy/Action Item 94 95 96 97 >97 CI-1 Pollution Prevention Program xxx Support and strengthen pollution prevention programs (PPP) for voluntary emissions reduction from stationery sources using the hierarchy approach -- 1) pollution prevention 2) control technology, and 3) operating practices. Implement a City-wide PPP. CI-2 LDGS: New Stationary Source Review CI-2.1 Amend the Zoning and LDGS ordinances to require a new source to xxx xxx register with the state health department. CI-2.2 Amend the Zoning and LDGS ordinances to establish requirements for new sources that go beyond state regulations. Provide guidelines for the Planning and Zoning Board on how to recognize wind/topography and health risks when reviewing new air pollution sources. Provide guidelines for new sources seeking IDRB's or other direct city support. Air Ouality Action Plan Page 10 4. WOOD STOVES AND FIREPLACES Overview The AQPP sets forth two wood burning objectives. The first is to reduce area-wide wood smoke emissions. The second is to reduce the number of non-certified wood stoves and conventional fireplaces. Wood smoke emissions and the number and type of wood burning units are calculated from surveys on the wood burning practices of area residents. Past surveys of area wood-burning practices indicate that wood smoke emissions were reduced by half from 1985 to 1990. A third survey, scheduled for Spring 1994, is expected to show further improvement. Because most of this improvement has been achieved through education, promotion, and incentives, actions proposed below continue that emphasis. Education programs and the City's response to wood smoke complaints in neighborhoods will continue to promote responsible wood burning practices. The ZILCH loan program is proposed for enhancement or expansion. Incentives for conversion of fireplaces to lower-polluting units is proposed. Older "airtight" wood stoves produce more smoke per cord of wood than do fireplaces. Thus, the 4, 000 wood stoves in our area produce as much smoke as the 14,000 fireplaces. Proposed wood smoke actions therefore place increased emphasis on decommissioning or replacement of non-certified wood stoves. An ordinance will be developed that requires upgrade of a wood stove upon sale of a home. The negative impacts of such an ordinance could be mitigated by making it effective several years after adoption, and by giving wood stove upgrades priority in the ZILCH loan program. A task group will be convened to propose an overall approach for such an ordinance, involving realtors, title companies, building inspectors, home owners, and wood heating retailers. Policy Basis UT-1 Minimize air pollution emissions using the following hierarchy of approaches: First -- pollution prevention Second -- pollution control technology Third -- operating practices UT-4 Use price mechanisms of the free market to help shift citizen and business choices toward actions that reduce air pollution, including removing hidden cost subsidies to motor vehicle users, employing economic incentives and disincentives, and other market approaches. Air_ Ouality Action Plan Pace 11 strategies STRATEGIES AND WORK PLAN Strategy/Action Item 94 95 WB-I Enhance ZILCH Loan Program xxx Provide financial incentives by enhancing and expanding the ZILCH program with funding to: - decommission or convert fireplaces to AGA-certified vent-free gas logs with MS (oxygen depletion sensors) - decommission or replace existing non-certified wood stoves with Colorado Phase III wood stoves or gas appliances - provide insulation and windows to reduce energy consumption in homes that use wood heat. WB-2 Fee and Tax Incentives xxx Reduce the permit fees for installing gas logs or appliances, and provide a sales tax credit for equipment/material to convert to gas logs or appliances. WB-3 Increase Neighborhood Access to Natural Gas xxx Work with Public Service Company to enhance electricity- dependent neighborhoods with gas supply lines and energy conservation measures, and to make gas conversions available. WB-4 Clean Wood Burning Education xxx Provide education to encourage cleaner use of stoves and fireplaces and to encourage accelerated change-out or replacement of existing units. Involve the Board of Realtors in the program, to increase the change-out rate for existing wood burning units and to temper newcomer enthusiasm for wood burning. WE-5 Wood Stove Point-of-Sale Ordinance xxx Adopt an ordinance to require that non-certified wood stoves must be upgraded, removed, or decommissioned before homes can be sold. 5. INDOOR AIR POLLUTION overview An objective of the AQPP is to increase the percentage of residences and work places taking action to reduce exposure to indoor air pollution. The percentage taking action is calculated from surveys of residences and work places. Recent research indicates that many people are exposed to more air pollution inside buildings than outside. Proposed actions strongly emphasize increasing the awareness of individuals about indoor air pollution and providing information on individual actions to reduce risk. Air Quality Action Plan Pace 12 Policy Basis The policy basis for proposed indoor air activities is provided by the above objective of the Air Quality Policy plan. Strategies STRATEGIES AND (KIRK PLAN Strategy/Action Item 94 95 96 97 98 IA-1 Education xxx Conduct an education program to raise awareness that the greatest health hazard is in the hone. Teach how to reduce indoor air pollution risks from stored toxic chemicals, heaters and stoves, formaldehyde sources, cigarette smoking, and radon. Provide information on air-to-air heat exchangers. Use results from the indoor air quality survey (plamed for 1994) to learn more about peoples' level of awareness and what assistance they need to improve air quality in their hones. IA-2 Issue Paper xxx Research indoor air quality and prepare an issue paper on available technology. IA-3 Building Code Changes xxx Further consider the need for ordinances or building code specifications to reduce indoor air pollution. 6. BUILD INTERGOVERNMENTAL PARTNERSHIPS Overview From the inception of its air quality program in the mid-1980's, the City of Fort Collins has chosen to supplement rather than duplicate the work of county, state, and federal agencies. For that reason, intergovernmental relationships- are- particularly important to assure that the air quality activities of various agencies are coordinated in a cohesive overall strategy. This approach makes best use of available resources, prevents overlap or duplication, and takes advantage of opportunities for cooperative effort. Policy Basis UT-2 It is in the best interests of the City that State and County Health Departments have adequate responsibility, authority, and resources (funding and personnel) to enforce regulations adopted- by the Col of-ado Air- Quality Control Commission. DI-3 The City will work with County, State, and federal health officials to reduce the health risks posed by toxic air Air Ouality Action Plan Page 13 pollutants, including risk of cancer, mutation, developmental disorders, and nervous system poisoning. RG-1 The City shall initiate, lead, and cooperate in inter-city, regional, national, and planetary efforts to improve air quality, recognizing that air quality improvement is not completely within the City's control. IG-2 The City does not enforce State regulations on stationary air pollution sources, rather the City continues to rely upon the Colorado and Larimer County Health Departments to assurethat local sources comply with Colorado Air Quality Control Commission regulations. CI-1 The City's air quality efforts shall be coordinated with and supplement the efforts of others, to increase program effec- tiveness and to avoid duplication of effort. "Others" includes, for example, citizen groups, community organizations (e.g. , Colorado State University, School District Poudre R-1) , Poudre Fire Authority, and County, State, and federal govern- ment. Such coordination includes research, strategy develop- ment, public outreach campaigns, and enforcement. Strategies STRATEGIES AND WORK PLAN Strategy/Action Item 94 95 96 97 >97 IP-1 Inter-agency Planning xxx Develop liaison processes and responsibilities, i.e., by Memorandum of Agreement, to annually coordinate air quality work plans of the City with the State and County Health Departments, and to annually review the responsibility, authority, and resources (furling and personnel) of state and County Health Departments to enforce ADCC regulations, and recommend changes if needed. IP-2 Inter-agency Air Toxics Partnership xxx Form a partnership with County, State, and federal health officials to reduce health risks from air toxics. Prepare an issue paper on possible City actions to reduce air toxics from vehicles, commerce, and industry. 7. DATA COLLECTION AND MONITORING Overview An important aspect of the Air Quality Policy Plan is its emphasis on measurement of air quality indicators. Along with the continuing measurement of air quality using monitoring equipment, new data collection is needed to determine the effectiveness of the Air Ouality Action Plan Page 14 Air Quality Action Plan over time. Key performance indicators, identified in the AQPP objectives, will be measured and reported every two years, to give City Council a progress check and an opportunity to redirect the Action Plan. Policy Basis CC-1 Measure and review the progress of key air quality indicators at least every two years in order to determine whether action strategies are having the desired effect or need to be amended. Strategies STRATEGIES AND WORK PLAN Strategy/Action Item 94 11 95 96 97 >97 DA-1 Data Collection and Biennial Report Collect data and prepare a report on the progress of air quality indicators and ambient data at least every two years, including: -- current and projected motor vehicle emissions (including xxx vehicle miles of travel and tailpipe emissions per mile) -- commercial and industrial source emissions xxx -- wood smoke emissions and the number of unconverted xxx stoves and fireplaces -- actions taken to reduce exposure to indoor air xxx pollution. DA-2 Air Quality Monitoring Plan xxx -Write an air quality monitoring strategy to be updated every two years, covering both air quality indicators and ambient date. Ambient data needs could include, for example, -- evaluate the current PM-10 monitoring site with the intent of requesting one or more additional sites for Fort Collins -- evaluate the need for additional CO monitoring sites and apply to USEPA for redesignnation of Fort Collins area to attainment status for carbon monoxide. S. AIR QUALITY EDUCTION overview since its incept:-Lon- in_ the- mid-19-8-0-'s-,_ the- Cityns air quality program has emphasized public awareness and individual actions to improve air quality. Public education activities are called for within each section above. These are combined into a unified air quality information and outreach program. Two public awareness actions receive a separate emphasis. Many people believe that, along with programs aimed at adults, school children should also be taught the importance of good environmental habits. The introduction of clean air lifestyle issues in school Air Ouality Action Plan Pace 15 curriculums is therefore proposed. Sometimes government, business, and private decisions are reached on the basis of short term, out-of-pocket cost (finance) without considering the full environmental and social cost of the decision (economics) . It is therefore proposed that the City adopt life- cycle cost accounting in its decision making process. Policy Basis CP-2 Action strategies will be implemented in the following order of priority: First -- Actions the City is required to take Second -- Actions the City will take volun- tarily to reduce emissions in its own operations Third -- Actions the city will ask others to take voluntarily through education promotion or incentives Fourth -- Actions the city will require others to take by ordinance Strategies STRATEGIES AND WORK PLAN Strategy/Action Item 94 95 96 97 >97 ED-1 Air Quality Information and Outreach ? ? ? ? - mare®sr pb4ic awareness and-;rdivi dial- x.i a9s to improvr air quality, in order to meet the educational objectives associated with various action plan elements. ED-2 School Education xxx conduct an education program with an emphasis on teaching air quality in school curriculums so the next generation will incorporate air quality habits into their everyday lives. ED-3 Life-cycle Accounting xxx Make life-cycle cost accounting a City policy. 9. STATE LEGISLATION overview The City of Fort Collins is not alone in its air quality concerns, nor does air pollution respect governmental boundaries. Therefore, the City needs to work cooperatively with other municipalities, Air Ouality Action Plan Pace 16 counties, regulatory agencies, and the state legislature, to address air quality concerns that are appropriately handled at the county or state level. Actions proposed below include issues of concern today, but these will change with time and opportunity. The City Council Legislative .Review Committee coordinates and oversee the City's legislative activities. If adopted, the actions below may be incorporated into the City's annual Legislative Agenda. Policy Basis IG-1 The City opposes any action of the State Legislature that restricts local government authority to improve air quality beyond minimum State requirements, even as the City recognizes and seeks to strengthen the vital role of Colorado state government in improving air quality. IG-2 The City does not enforce State regulations on stationary air pollution sources, rather the City continues to rely upon the Colorado and Larimer County Health Departments to assure that local sources comply with Colorado Air Quality Control Commission regulations. UT-2 It is in the best interests of the City that State and County Health Departments have adequate responsibility, authority, and resources (funding and personnel) to enforce regulations adopted by the Colorado Air Quality Control Commission. RG-1 The City shall initiate, lead, and cooperate in inter-city, regional, national, and planetary efforts to improve air quality, recognizing that air quality improvement is not completely within the City's control. UT-3 Support and encourage the fullest possible enforcement of federal, State, and County air quality regulations. strategies STRATEGIES AND WORK PLAN Strategy/Action Item 94 95 96 9� 98 SL-I Diesel Emissions xxx Introduce and support state legislation to strengthen enforcement of diesel emission standards and to increase the stringency of diesel truck standards. SL-2 Gasoline Emissions xxx Introduce and support state legislation to reduce the volatility of gasoline and to reduce BTEX compounds (Benzine, Toluene, -ELhytbenz;ne, and-Xy(lene)-in-gasoline.