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1999-029-03/16/1999-APPROVING THE AIR QUALITY ACTION PLAN UPDATE FOR 2000-2003
RESOLUTION 99-29 OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS APPROVING THE AIR QUALITY ACTION PLAN UPDATE FOR 2000-2003 WHEREAS,on February 18, 1997,the Council of the City of Fort Collins,by Resolution 97- 25, adopted the Community Vision and Goals 2015, City Structure Plan, and City Plan Principles and Policies as elements of the Comprehensive Plan of the City, to be known as "City Plan"; and WHEREAS, City Plan in its principles and policies included an Air Quality Policy Plan, which contained objectives and priorities for maintaining and improving air quality in the Fort Collins community; and WHEREAS,the Council has previously approved action plans for strategies to achieve air quality policy plan objectives in 1993, 1994 and 1996: and WHEREAS, since the adoption of City Plan,City staff has continued to analyze and develop information regarding air quality, and together with the Air Quality Advisory Board, has prepared and presented to the Council for consideration an update of the Air Quality Action Plan which contains strategies for the years 2000 to 2003 to meet the objectives of the Air Quality Policy Plan; and WHEREAS, on February 23, 1999, the Air Quality Advisory Board recommended for Council approval the proposed Air Quality Action Plan Update for 2000-2003 (the "Action Plan Update"); and WHEREAS,the Action Plan Update was presented to the Council for discussion at its study session on February 9, 1999, and staff and Air Quality Advisory Board representatives responded to questions at that time; and WHEREAS, the Council has determined that approval of the Action Plan Update is in the best interest of the citizens of the City. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS that the Air Quality Action Plan Update for 2000-2003,attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference, is hereby approved. Passed and adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council hid this 16th qar_0_f,*rch, A.D. 1999. ATTEST: City Clerk ATTACHMENT 1 DRAFT—MARCH 10a 1999---DST CITY OF FORT COLLINS AIR QUALITY ACTION PLAN UPDATE MARCH 1999 Updated Air Quality Action Plan -- 2000-2003 This update provides . . . Table of contents An update of the Air Quality Action Introduction 2 Plan. Document Layout 3 A summary of the most current data pertaining to those pollutants of Ambient Air Quality Data 4 particular concern to Fort Collins, and where applicable, how these data have Air Quality Policy Plan 6 been affected by the Air Quality Action Plan. .Air Quality Action Plan Update A current status of the strategies Obi. 1 Vehicle Miles of Travel 7 adopted by Council in March of 1998. Obj. 2 Per-mile Emissions 8 Obj. 3 Total Vehicle Emissions 14 Actions proposed for implementation Obj. 4 Commerce &Industry 15 from January 2000 through December Obj. 5l6 Wood Smoke 18 2003. 0bj. 7 Indoor Air Quality 22 01 j. 8 Intergovernmental Partners 28 Obj. 9 Data--Collect&Monitor 30 Obj. 10 State Legislation 33 1 INTRODUCTION 1. Air Quality Plan - Overview The Air Quality Plan was adopted by City Council in March 1993. It provides the framework for the City's Air Quality Program. The Air Quality Plan includes two main components: The Air Quality Policy Plan (AQPP), a long-term policy document, and the Air Quality Action Plan(AQAP), which contains a set of strategies that are updated regularly. This document is an update of the AQAP. In previous years, the AQAP was reviewed every two years. In 1998, staff and the Air Quality Advisory (AQAB) recommended that beginning in 2000, the AQAP follow a four year schedule. This new timetable provides for annual updates to Council and a mid-course correction in the second year to deal with urgent and/or emerging air quality issues. The new four year plan proposed here sets forth a set of strategies listed in order of priority and provides greater flexibility for thorough program development and implementation. 2. Air Quality Policy Plan - Goal Continually improve Fort Collins'air quality as the city grows. This means that existing sources of air pollution must be reduced to more than offset new growth. 3. Air Quality Policy Plan - Objectives • Reduce growth of vehicle miles of travel. • Reduce per-mile tailpipe emissions of high priority pollutants. • Reduce total emissions of high priority pollutants from commercial/industrial sources. • Reduce area-wide wood smoke emissions. • Reduce the number of non-certified wood stoves and conventional fireplaces. • Increase the percentage of residences and workplaces taking action to reduce exposure to indoor air pollution. 4. Air Quality Policy Plan - Methods of Measuring Progress In measuring progress, air quality indicators are used, not just ambient air quality data. Indicators are indirect measurements of air quality that focus on the parts of the problem within our control, whereas ambient data include issues outside our control, such as the effects of weather. 5. Air Quality Policy Plan - Methods of Achieving Goals The Air Quality Plan focuses on sources and not pollutants. Action strategies aim at reducing all emissions from a source category (e.g., motor vehicles) rather than a specific pollutant (e.g., carbon monoxide). The priority for each action is based upon the amount of pollution generated by the source. The current order of priority is #1 motor vehicles, 92 commerce and industry, and #3 homes (wood smoke and indoor air pollution). The process for achieving air quality goals is based upon the following hierarchy of actions: (1) actions the City must take, (2) actions the City takes voluntarily to reduce emissions from its own operations, (3) actions the City asks others to take (education and incentives), and (4) actions the City requires other to take (ordinances). 2 DOCUMENT LAYOUT The updated Air Quality Action Plan has been formatted to provide a simple synopsis of actions taken from March 1996 through December 1999 and to propose actions for 2000-2003. Actions are listed in order of priority under each Objective and section heading. The following organizational structure should be noted: 1. Numbering -Each action item in the plan is assigned a number. This number helps the reader track past and future actions more easily. For example, Action Categories are numbered with two bold, underlined digits -- 0 1, 1,1, 2.1 and so forth. Specific Actions are numbered with three digits-- 0.1.1, 1.1.1, 2.1.1 and so forth. 2. New Actions for 2000-2003 - Occasionally, an action item will appear only in the right-hand column. These are new actions scheduled to begin in 2000 and were not part of the 1996-99 Plan. 3. Actions - The AQAP is divided into 10 objectives. Each objective addresses a specific source of pollution. The purpose of the AQAP is to take the 1993 Policy Plan and put it into action through a series of specific actions or strategies. The actions that will be implemented for each objective are listed according to which of the following categories it falls under: • Program and Policy Research and Development—Before a strategy is taken to the public it undergoes a thorough review and evaluation including internal discussion, public outreach, research, regional and local collaboration, and program design and development. • Education and Outreach - Once research and development are completed, pertinent information and/or policies are taken to the general public to raise awareness of the issues and of the need to change behavior as it relates to air pollution. Each education and outreach project is part of an overall air quality marketing program that includes a logo and theme — CLEANAIR, Because Breathing Isn't Optional. Projects are packaged in a series of"Breathing Lessons"that explain simple things residents can do to improve the air they breathe. The education program is multi-faceted and includes web page sites, presentations, articles, TV and radio ads, traveling and stationary displays, special events, workshops, and a variety of literature. • Data Collection and Monitoring — A very important component of the AQAP is evaluation. These evaluations take the form of resident surveys and monitoring of specific pollutants and other data. Information is used to determine which programs work and which do not, and helps staff manage or redirect resources and goals accordingly. • Regulation - Regulation is considered the last course of action, to be used when the issue is urgent or when all other actions have been unsuccessful. 4. Time Frame- The updated AQAP is divided into two columns of actions. The left-hand column provides an update of the current 1996-1999 Plan. The right-hand column sets forth the proposed actions for 2000-2003. 3 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA Data gathered at monitoring sites in Fort Collins are displayed on the following charts. (See individual pollutants for specific locations of each site.) CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is produced when combustion is incomplete. CO restricts the amount of oxygen carried to the body through the blood. At high levels, CO causes headaches, nausea, and fatigue. Motor vehicles emissions are responsible for nearly 90% of CO in outside air, wood smoke contributes another 8% during winter months. Carbon Monoxide is emitted mainly by motor Ambient carbon monIoxide in Fort Collins 200 vehicles. Emissions continue to decline nation- wide due primarily to new vehicle standards. CO concentrations in Fort Collins are currently below federal standards, but will rise if vehicle miles of travel are not controlled. Anything below the F dark line meets federal air quality standards;. Fort a � Collins has not exceeded the standard since;1991.= The CO monitoring site is located at Laurel and Mason Streets 50 ---------- "Carbon monoxide concentrations in Fort Collins' continue to remain stable. " 8 ..... .. ........... ......,... 8- 82 84 86 88 �O 12 N Sty PARTICULATE MATTER 10 MICRONS OR SMALLER (PMlo) are minute, breathable particles invisible to the human eye. These particles can be more deeply inhaled into the lungs where they aggravate existing respiratory conditions. Young children and people with allergies, asthma, heart disease, and other respiratory conditions are most at risk Ambient PM-10 in Fart Collins PMio comes mainly from roads, fields, and 2 construction sites. PM1a contributes to visibility a impairment;(the "brown cloud"). Anything below a : ! ......... ........... .......... . ............. ........ .... the Clark line in the chart meets federal air quality N standards. Fort Collins has not exceeded the standard since monitoring began in<1980. The m ` � PM10 site is located atop the Larimer County Courthouse , 5 -- 2 "PM10 concentrations in I brt Collins remain 0 near 50%of the Federal standard " sa 92 84 86 88 50 Et2 94 96 4 AMBIENT AIR QUALM DATA OZONE (03) results when nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons "cook" under sunlight. At high concentrations, ozone can irritate the linings of the eyes, nose and lungs, damage plants, and eat away at buildings, statues, and monuments. Ozone is formed from nitrogen oxides and 2-M Ambient ozone in Fort Collins hydrocarbons emitted mainly by motor vehicles. Ozone is most problematic during warm spring _2 and summer months. The chart reflects the old, ... .. ................ ...................................................... one-hour standard. The new standard requires eight-hour averaging of ozone concentrations. Preliminary,analysis of Fort Collins' ozone data S . ............................... from the past two years, using the new eight-hour averaging, show that we are closer to the allowable threshold of the new standard, ----andard, but 513 ---- -- violations are not anticipated. Ozone concentrations in Fort Collins remain below the federal,air quality standard. Fort Collins.has not 8-3 82 34 86 813 M 92 '9.4 96 exceeded the Federal Ozone standard since 1986. The ozone monitor is located at Laurel and Mason Streets. "03 concentrations in Fort Collins remain 20% below the one-hour Federal air quality standard. VISIBILITY monitoring tells us how the air "looks." Currently, there is no health standard tied to visibility. Poor visibility affects what we see and how far we see. It can also have economic and quality of life impacts. VISIBILITY has been monitored in Fort Collins Visibility in Fort Collins since fall of 1993. Optical readings of local air quality are compared to the Colorado visibility 250 - standard. Fort Collins violates the state standard one out of three days per year. Most visibility 200 - U) impairment is caused by particles 2.5 microns or >1 al 01994 smaller(PM2.5). PM2.5 monitoring is scheduled to 150 - 0 ®lass begin in Fort Collins in 1999. .Preliminary 0 0 analysis of the recent North Front Range Air E-0 1996 100 -Quality Study indicates that sources Of PM2.5 in 01997 Fort Collins include secondary aerosols (38%),= 50 - dust and debris (19%), gasoline exhaust (18%), diesel exhaust (11%), meat cooking and 0 A Comply Not No data woodburning (8%), power plant emissions (2%), comply and "other" (4%). Visibility data are gathered atop No data occurs on days with 70% the Holiday Inn on West Prospect Avenue, or greater humidity or during "Visibility impairment in Fort Collins may be equipment failure getting worse. 5 AIR QUALM POLICY PLAN The Air Quality Policy Plan (AQPP) underwent its first review in 1997-98. As a result of that review, the following policy implementation gaps and emerging policy issues were identified. Actions are proposed to provide a method for addressing each specific issue. Program and Policy Research and Development ...... ..... ............ ........... 9964.99V ACTIONS 0042403 U .. -A.E-TION .......... 0.1 Policy Implementation Gaps 0.1 Policy Implementation Gaps 0.1.1 The review of the AQPP identified 0.1.1 Create a development review policy to certain policies that have not been implemented. demonstrate long-term, area-wide emissions Staff proposes filling these implementation gaps decrease and conformance with the National as part of the 2000-03 Action Plan. Ambient Air Quality Standard. ' 0.1.2 As part of the Clean Air Colorado 0.1.2 Prepare a white paper on the use of price Contract with the Colorado Department of Public mechanisms and work with other local governments Health and Environment (CDPBE) for 1999, on applying free market price mechanisms to reduce staff will research hidden subsidies for motor vehicle travel 2 vehicles. 0.13 Develop a new procedure for requiring affirmative findings so that transvortation and land use plans conform to the AQPP. 0.1.4 Develop a process to provide increased access to air quality information that is of interest to the public. 4 0.2 Emerging Issues 0.2 Emerging Issue 0.2.1 The AQPP calls for measuring air quality 0.21 A white paper will be prepared to address progress according to area-wide emission levels. whether the City should adopt a new policy on This policy has been questioned because it localized concentrations of air pollution. The paper appears to allow localized increases in pollution will also review neighborhood protection from hot (hot spots) while area-wide emissions are going spots created by new development, propose down. protective measures if needed, and address questions about localized carbon monoxide levels. AQPP Policy 1.6—The City's primary approach to improving motor vehicle-related air pollution is to reduce total area- wide motor vehicle emissions over the long term. Any action that increases short-term or localized emissions, such as installing pedestrian-activated traffic signals,can be justified only if it is demonstrated that long-term or area-wide emissions are decreased by the action,and if localized concentrations do not rise to a level that violates National Ambient Air Quality Standards. 2 AQPP Policy 1.10 The City will use price mechanisms of the free market to help shift citizen and business choices toward actions that reduce air pollution, including removing the hidden cost subsidies to motor vehicle users,employing economic incentives and disincentives, and other market approaches. 3 AQPP Policy 1.14:—The City will adopt no transportation or land use plan or program unless there is an affirmative finding that the plan or program has given consideration to the objectives and policies of the AQPP(1993). 4 AQPP Policy 1.25—Policies will be developed to direct the City,to assist residents in gaining access to information regarding emissions of air pollution from sources that are of concerti to them. 6 OBIECTIVE *1 — REDUCE GROWTH RATE OF VEHICLE MILES OF TRAVEL (VMT) CURRENT CONDITIONS Vehicle miles of travel are estimated to grow at Vehicle miles traveled 2.6% per year through 2020. This estimate assumes that higher density, mixed-use 5 developments will be built in Fort Collins that a reduce the need for vehicle travel. It also assumes o. that the City and north front range region will 3 ! f meet goals to reduce the number of single- r 2 occupant vehicles and increase the use of 1 alternatives such as walking, cycling, ridesharing, c T 6' o � '. transit, and telecommuting. 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 PROGRAM AND POLICY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACI > l'�T � :19b I99 tTItI1 � (1pD- IfO .. 11 Transportation and Land Use Plans 1 i Transportation and Land Use Plans 1.1.1 Since 1996, City Plan and the Master 1.1 1 Beginning with this update, Objective 41 Transportation Plan have been completed, and a will be removed from the regular, four year review Transportation Demand Management Program of the AQAP and placed on a separate track that is (TDM) has been established. The TDM program better coordinated with individual reviews, follows actions to reduce traffic that are directed updates, and evaluations for the transportation and by City Plan and the Master Transportation Plan. land use plans. These plans and programs are designed to meet Staff and the AQAB have established a protocol the VMT growth reduction goal set forth in the for continued involvement in these plans and Air Quality Policy Plan (AQPP). Their programs. This protocol will ensure that implementation is primarily the responsibility of transportation and land use plans align with air the Transportation and Planning and Zoning quality goals. departments. Each plan and program has an established timetable for review and evaluation followed by appropriate updates and revisions. I 7 OBJECTIVE *2 - REDUCE PER-MILE MOTOR VEHICLE EMISSIONS CURRENT CONDITIONS The'per-mile motor vehicle emissions* rate has CO emission rate been declining as new, cleaner cars replace older ones. If the United States Environmental ao Protection Agency (US EPA)tightens new car E 30 standards further,then emissions will drop further. These estimates assume that the State E 20 will continue its vehicle inspections and 2 10 oxygenated fuels programs. The emission rate is n predicted to rise in future years as congestion 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 reduces the average speed of traffic from 23';mph in 1905; to 16 mph in 2020. *Per-mile motor vehicle emissions refers to any air pollution caused by the operation of a motor vehicle and includes exhaust pipe emissions and road dust kicked up by automobile tires. Per-mile motor vehicle emissions are estimated in grams per mile using a US EPA computer model(Mobile5a),which reflects the ages and types of vehicle in Colorado. PROGRAM AND POLICY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AaCT11 NS ' 5�#i-1 9g ACH. tN - 20€t� ........ . 2.1 Inspection and Maintenance (I/M) 2.1 Inspection and Maintenance (I/Ml Non-testing Strategies Non-testing Strategies 2.1.1 A citizen committee was convened in 2.1.1 1999 recommendations that are likely to be 1997 to recommend early action strategies the implemented include CarCare maintenance days City could take to reduce per-mile emissions. (events that include free vehicle inspections to These were implemented in 1997 and 1998. promote better maintenance), a Smoking Vehicle Some are detailed in the column at right. A Hotline, TechNights for mechanic training in report on non-testing strategies will be prepared emissions system repairs, lawn mower trade-outs at the end of 1999 (following two years of to lower-polluting models, and engine block heater implementation) and recommendations for future promotions. All programs will be monitored for implementation will be made. effectiveness. Improved I/M Strategies Improved I/M Strategies 2.1.2 Fort Collins is a member of the North 2.1.2 Develop recommendations for a future I/M Front Range Transportation and Air Quality program that best supports the AQPP goal of Planning Council's (NFRT&AQPC) Regional continual air quality improvement. Continue to I/M committee, which provides a valuable participate in the NFRT&AQPC Regional UM information clearinghouse. The City also Committee. Although the I/M program sunset participated in the state's Carbon Monoxide date was removed by SB-182, the future of I/M is (CO) Roundtable, which ended in May 1998. uncertain. Because the current Basic I/M is The Roundtable group discussed CO reduction estimated to reduce CO by 12%for Fort Collins, it strategies (I/M and Oxyfuels) and the impact is important to develop an effective I/M program community actions could have on them. for the future. 8 CT 4; 5 19 6»1999 A+rw'1` € N.. �Q(If1�2� 2.1.3 Explore a high-emitting vehicle program, which may involve finding ways to subsidize repair of high-emitters. Political and technical issues will have to be addressed. The Non-testing Committee highly recommended this concept. 2.1.4 Encourage the Regional I/M Committee to consider addressing emissions from farm and collector license plate vehicles. 2.2 Smoking Vehicles 2.2 Smoking Vehicles 2.2.1 Work with the Department of Health and the Department of Revenue to require owners of smoking vehicles to report for a free emissions test 2.2.2 Continue to explore options to increase staff expertise that enables better enforcement of smoking vehicle laws. 2.3 Reduce Percent of Cold Start Vehicles 2.3 Reduce Percent of Cold Start Vehicles 2.3.1 Cold start occurs when the engine has been turned off for more than one hour, which causes CO and hydrocarbon emissions to nearly double that of warm engine restarts. Staff will work with City transportation and land use departments to develop strategies, such as trip linking (combining of trips), to reduce the number of short trips and/or the fraction of vehicles operating in the cold start mode 2.4 Diesel Vehicles 2.4 Diesel Vehicles 2.4.1 Staff has become involved in the NE 2.4.1 Staff will continue to participate in Truck Route Project as part of its effort to Transportation Department studies that have the participate in the City's Transportation potential to reduce truck emissions in Fort Collins. Department studies. 2.5 Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFV) 2.5 Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFV) 2.5.1 The City's goal to add 25 AFV to its fleet 2.5.1 Continue with the program proposed in each year has not been met. This is due to lack 1998 by staff and the AQAB. of approved conversion kits and suitable new vehicles to meet fleet operations specifications, and because gasoline powered vehicles are now nearly as clean as most AFV. The City's AFV program was reviewed in 1998 by staff and the AQAB, and a program was recommended for the City to purchase cleanest passenger and light duty trucks that meet ultra low emissions 9 10 EDUCATION AND OUTREACH 2.8 Emissions Test Law 2.8 Emissions Test Law 2.8.1 An ad-hoc committee of state, county, 2.8.1 Education will be the primary focus of university, and local government staffs met during increasing compliance to the Emissions Test Law. 1998 to develop a program to address emissions The program will include working with the City's sticker non-compliance in Weld and Larimer Human Resources Department to include Counties. Based upon their recommendations, emissions sticker information in new employee information on the Emissions Test Law was packets, annually remind City employees about distributed to businesses/schools and at public the emissions test requirement, and encourage places during 1998 and will continue in 1999. other local employers to institute emissions The law requires businesses & post-secondary compliance programs. institutions to inform their employees/students about the Emissions Test Law. 2.8.2 In collaboration with CSU Parking 2.8.2 In an effort to make the emissions sticker Services, special efforts were made to increase requirement a standard procedure at CSU, staff compliance on the CSU campus. The campaign will work with Parking Services and student included information at student orientation and in government to encourage submittal of a resolution student packets, newspaper articles, and issuance to administration addressing emissions sticker of warning tickets. This program raised compliance and enforcement on campus. compliance from 75% to 87%. In the fall of 1997, Currently, CSU does not require proof of the City turned the program over to CSU's emissions testing prior to issuance of a parking Parking Services Office. permit The supportive relationship with CSU Parking Services should be maintained to ensure a successful education program. 2.8.3 In 1998, the Colorado Legislature 2.8.3 Use remote sensing as an educational tool approved a Clean Screen program to supplement to inform drivers when their cars are not clean. I/M in the AIR program. The program will identify clean vehicles through remote sensing 2.9 Smoking Vehicles 2.9 Smokin2 Vehicles 2.9.1 The State Health Department maintains a 2.9.1 Efforts will be made to expand knowledge smoking vehicle hotline. In 1997, a smoking and use of the smoking vehicle hotline. vehicle hotline was added to Fort Collins' City Educational materials will emphasize that any Line. During 1998-99, efforts will continue to smoking vehicle, light or heavy, violates anti- inform drivers about the law and encourage smoking laws and has a significant impact on air reporting of smoking vehicles. Owners whose quality. vehicles are reported receive a notification from the state that their vehicle was observed smoking and encourages them to have the car repaired. it .......... AC' .1 2.10 Reduce Percent of Cold Start Emissions 2.10 Reduce Percent of Cold Start Emissions 2.10.1 In the fall of 1998, an engine block heater 2.10.1 Continue the program if funding is rebate program was implemented. Use of engine available. Staff will work with other City block heaters can significantly reduce cold start departments to reduce unnecessary trips related to emissions. City sponsored programs. 2.11 Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFV) 2.11 Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFV) 2.11.1 Since May 1996, the City of Fort Collins 2.11 1 Since current alternatives to gasoline and has been part of a national Clean Cities effort to diesel powered vehicles have only minimal increase the use of AFV. The program is impact on air quality, staff will continue to work primarily educational and focuses on public and with the Corridor Coordinator on education and private fleets. During 1997, a Clean Fuels outreach programs, as time and resources are Corridor was created that includes Colorado available. Springs, metro-Denver, Boulder, Weld County, Larimer County, and Rocky Mountain National Park. In 1998, the corridor partnership netted grants totaling $100,000 to fund a coordinator position and education and outreach projects. Fort Collins coordinates the Northern Coalition. During 1999 the Northern Coalition will explore funding to hire a new coordinator. 2.12 Sport Utility Vehicles (SUV), Light Duty Trucks (LDT), and Vans 2.12 1 Encourage the purchase of lower- emitting vehicles & more fuel efficient SUV, LDT, and vans. DATA COLLECTION AND MONITORING ,9 ACTT .20 CUM 2.13 Emissions Test Law 2.13 Emissions Test Law 2.13.1 A survey of the region was conducted in 2.13 1 A periodic emissions sticker survey will 1998 to determine emissions test compliance be conducted every four years using state among employers and universities. The survey standards to evaluate compliance. Staff will showed a 24% non-compliance rate in Fort explore the possibility of preparing a profile of Collins. In 1999, another survey will be those who are in non-compliance with the law and conducted using new state guidelines. The survey those with collector's tags. will also evaluate the effectiveness of education efforts. 2.13.2 Surveys have been conducted at CSU the 2.13 2 Encourage CSU to continue surveys. beginning of each semester, and following issuance of warning tickets. Follow-up surveys have indicated that warning tickets are a good way to increase compliance. 12 REGULATION . ................................. CTION ACTI 03 2.14 Emissions Test Law 2.14 Emissions Test Law 2.14.1 Currently, enforcement of the Emissions 2.1491 The City will continue to explore options Test Law and other vehicle-related air pollution for a City Code Enforcement Officer to enforce laws is sporadic and usually occurs secondarily vehicle-related air pollution laws such as the during a more serious offense, such as speeding or Emissions Test Law, the Smoking Vehicle Law, running a red light. and the Diesel Opacity Law. 2.15 Diesel Vehicles 2.15 Diesel Vehicles 2.15.1 No recommendations were made on how 2.15 1 Support proposed changes to the State's to better enforce vehicle-related diesel air diesel inspection program that will result in pollution laws during 1996-99. A small, decreased diesel emissions. concentrated study of idling diesel trucks indicated no significant problem from this potential source of pollution. The study did not look at diesel vehicles moving in and through Fort Collins. 2.15.2 The North Front Range Air Quality Study shows that diesels cause 11% of Fort Collins' PM2 5 (very small particle pollution). Staff recommends development and implementation of methods to better enforce vehicle-related air pollution laws relating to diesel vehicles. 13 OBIECTIVE *3 - PREVENT TOTAL MOTOR VEHICLE EMISSIONS FROM INCREASING AFTER YEAR 2000 CURRENT CONDITIONS Total daily motor vehicle emissions are estimated by multiplying daily vehicle miles of travel(VMT) by per-mile emissions The charts below, based on data from the 2020 Regional Transportation Plan, show per-mile and total emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) in Fort Collins, the pollutant for which: Fort Collins is currently in non-attainment of National Ambient Air Quality Other pollutants from motor vehicles include hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and air toxics. Vehicle miles traveled Vehicle emission rate Total CO emissions S 40 160 n ro 140 E 3 E 30 m 120 46 m 100 2 w 20 n 80 0 E c 60 1 (9 10 F_ 40 0 - fl20 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 0 _W1f 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2220 Graph 1-Vehicle miles of travel The per-vehicle emissions rate has Because VMT growth is out-pacing are estimated to grow at about 2.6% been declining as new, clean cars , improvements in the vehicle per year through 2020. This replace older ones. If US EPA emission rate, total CO emissions estimate assumes that higher- tightens new car standards further, will pass through a low point, then density, mixed-use development these numbers will improve. These begin to rise after year 2000. will reduce the need for vehicle estimates assume that the State will Objective#3 will not be met despite travel. It also assumes that the City continue its vehicle inspections and the assumed success of planned and North Front Range region will oxygenated fuels programs. The efforts to reduce the VMT growth meet their goals to reduce the emission rate rises in later years as rate. number of single-occupant vehicles congestion reduces the average and increase the use of alternatives speed of traffic from 23 mph in 1995 such as walking,;cycling, transit, to 16 mph in 2020 ridesharin , and telecommuting. T £)1"�I96' 9� C ACTIONS +It0040i?3 3.1 Motor Vehicle Emissions 3.1 Motor Vehicle Emissions 3.1.1 Motor vehicle emissions reduction is 3.1 1 Continue. achieved through Objectives#1 and #2. 14 OR3ECTIVE *4 - REDUCE TOTAL EMISSIONS FROM COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY CURRENT CONDITIONS Commercial and Industrial Emissions Emissions From Selected Fort Commercial and industrial emissions are Collins Businesses compiled in tons per day using data from US ,400 EPA's'Aerometric Information Retrieval System }soo (AIRS) The chart shows emissions of high fZ200 priority pollutants in tons per year. Businesses �0100o selected are: Colorado State University, Noe voc co PM10 Anheuser-Busch,Hewlett-Packard, Poudre Valley Hospital, Fort Collins City Wastewater Dept., and 01993 W 1994 01995 01996 Symblos Logic, Hazardous Air Pollutants from Fort Collins Businesses Hazardous air pollutants(HAP)from Fort Collins Hazardous Air Pollutants businesses include chemicals like formaldehyde, Reported by Ft. Collins benzene, hydrochloric acid, and hydrogen Businesses fluoride, which increase the chance of serious health problems such as cancer and neurological 100 diseases. Businesses that emit HAP include h r%= C SO YJ :/YFe electrical shops, wood product shops, dry cleaners, gas stations, and print shops. ° 1995 1997 Change in Hazardous Air Pollutants at Specific Businesses Changes in HAP emissions from The chart depicts the number of businesses that businesses between 1995 & 1997 showed a change in HAP emissions between 1995 and 1997. Decreases in HAP were caused by so improvements'in operating procedures)(resulting 50 in emissions falling below reporting thresholds) and business closings. Increases in HAP were ao caused by increased production at existing y 30 businesses and the inclusion of new businesses in m' 20 the HAP inventory. 10 0 Nochange Increase Decrease 15 PROGRAM AND POLICY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ............... . ..... ....................... ... ...... ..... .... S, 2000 03........... .............. 4.1 New Sources of Industrial/Commercial 4.1 New Sources of Industrial/Commercial Emissions Emissions 4.1.1 The City has taken an active role in the 4.1. 1 Implement a pollution prevention program State permit process by: (1) helping register local for new industrial sources as outlined in the New industrial and commercial sources with the State Source Review paper. Health Department-, (2) tracking state regulatory provisions-, and, (3) commenting on new source The program will be voluntary for most sources permit applications. and mandatory for large sources and those seeking Industrial Development Review Bonds or development fee waivers. 4.1.2 A New Source Review (NSR) paper was 4. 12 No further action is anticipated on the completed in the fall of 1998. It includes a menu issue paper. of NSR options that focus primarily on pollution prevention (P2). The paper concluded that NSR does not warrant new regulations. P2 still makes sense for new industrial and commercial sources. EDUCATION AND OUTREACH ................ ......11.0 _S..................... I ' '*....S"L............. �N ..."'.2 6_1 00 ............ 9 999 ...... ... . ..... ............ ...... ..... ..... 4.2 Pollution Prevention (P2) 4.2 Pollution Prevention (P2) 4.2.1 P2, the environmental control technique of 4.2 1 Staff will explore ways to better utilize P2 first choice, is stated policy at the city, state, and in education and outreach and to make P2 the first federal levels. The City's current P2 program is line of attack when dealing with air pollution voluntary and targets community wide practices prevention. Whenever possible, staff will that reduce pollution, waste, and energy use at the coordinate P2 efforts with other departments and source. For several years the City provided agencies and examine resources both inside and Larimer County with supplemental funding for a outside Fort Collins. Staff will regularly measure shared P2 coordinator who focused on the wood the progress of the P2 program. finishing, automotive, and hospitality sectors. Since 1998, the City has a dedicated quarter time P2 position. The City is a member of the US EPA's Waste Wife program, with a commitment 4.12 P2 will be expanded to address pollution to implement a waste reduction program. In prevention in homes, taking into consideration 1998, the City: (1) sponsored a charette to Larimer County's residential P2 program -- enhance networking and P2 partnerships along the HonieAsyst. Front Range-, (2) hired a consultant to study P2 options for new industries-, (3)updated its green purchasing practices, which call for the purchase of recycled products-, and, (4) designed a program to encourage P2 among start-up and expansion businesses. The 1999 air quality education program will target P2 as its main message. 16 REGULATION 31. 4.3 Fugitive Dust Law 4.3 Fugitive Dust Law 4.3.1 Fugitive dust from land development activity 4.3.1 Continue efforts to improve enforcement is subject to three separate regulations: (1) the of the Fugitive Dust Law in conjunction with City's Nuisance Code pertaining to dirt tracked Larimer County staff and City field enforcement onto streets and enforced by the Engineering personnel. While fugitive dust control methods Department; (2)the City's Water Erosion Control are well known, successful implementation Guidelines enforced by the Stormwater Utility; requires that contractors carry out a fugitive dust and, (3)the State's Fugitive Dust Control control plan, with monitoring by City and County Regulations enforced by Larimer County Health enforcement staff. Coordinated enforcement is Department. All efforts at fugitive dust control are imperative. coordinated through these offices. The City assists in enforcement of state laws by notifying land development applicants about the required fugitive dust controls and by putting them in touch with County staff for follow-up. Coordination with Larimer County over the past two years has improved enforcement of these laws. 4.3.2 In 1999, Larimer County will consider 4.3.2 Amend the land use code to require amending its land use code to require certain fugitive dust control plans similar to requirements applicants to submit fugitive dust control plans. established for Larimer County land use permits. This would shift fugitive dust issues to the planning stage rather than rely on the grading contractor to complete this task under a tight timeline. 17 OBJECTIVES *5 AND #6—REDUCE AREA-WIDE WOOD SMOKE EMISSIONS AND THE NUMBER OF NON-CERTIFIED WOOD STOVES AND CONVENTIONAL FIREPLACES CO Emissions from Woodburnin The chart shows a decline in carbon monoxide CO emissions from woodburning (CO) emissions from woodburning. The decline decrease is due to conversions of woodburning fireplaces to gas,;dismantling or upgrading of older, dirty- 4000 burning wood stoves to new, certified models, and > a000 r_ an overall decline in use of units. CO emissions 0 zooa decreased 62% between 1984 and 1996 based on l000 _ surveys of area residents, 0 1984 1990 1994 1996 Residents Bothered by Wood Smoke in Their Neighborhoods Fewer residents are bothered by Since 1992, the;number of Fort Collins residents wood smoke who are bothered by wood smoke has declined' 100 from 18% to between 4% and 8%, with 92% of 80 so olssa residents surveyed in 1998 saying that wood a 40 ®1994 smoke in their neighborhoods is about right or not 20 ❑1996 noticeable. 0 OK Too 01998 much Use of Woodburning Units in Fort Collins The City's wood device upgrade/removal loan Gas units increase program (ZILCH), Wood Smoke Response Line, and overall education program may be credited 60 with having a major effect on the decrease in so woodburning emissions. Since the overall 30 ©lsso program began in 1990, there has been a steady a 20 ®lass decline in the number of woodburning fireplaces 10 and older, non-certified wood stoves, and a steady o . i I increase in gas units. wood Gas 18 EDUCATION AND OUTREACH 5/6.1 Overall Education Program 5/6.1 Overall Education Program 5/6.].1 Through literature, news releases, articles, 5/6.1.1 Continue the education program. Stress and special campaigns with fireplace and wood P2 in a "Don't burn if you don't have to stove retailers, the City continues to encourage campaign". residents to convert conventional woodburning fireplaces to gas and older wood stoves to gas or certified woodburning units. Residents are encouraged NOT to burn if they do not have to, and when they do, to burn only clean, dry wood in a good, hot fire. 5/6.1.2 A short-term ad-hoc committee will examine the need for bilingual literature Approximately 7% of Fort Collins residents are Hispanic. Since our goal is to reach all residents, it makes sense that we identify the needs of this part of our community. 5/6. 1.3 Implement the recommendations of the committee. 5/6.2 ZILCH Loan Fund 5/6.2 ZILCH Loan Fund 5/6.2.1 In 1997, the ZILCH loan program 5/6.11 Continue the ZILCH loan program for refocused to target only wood stoves and wood wood stove and wood stove insert removal and/or stove inserts because they are used more upgrades through 1999. Sunset the program in frequently and for longer periods of time than 2000 and re-evaluate allocation of funds for radon fireplaces. 98% of all wood smoke complaints are mitigation or another suitable air quality program. caused by old and/or improper use of wood stoves. Since the ZILCH loan program began in 1990, nearly 300 fireplaces and wood stoves have either been removed or replaced with clean- burning models. 5/6.2.2 In February 1999, ZILCH was 5/6.2 2 See Page 24, ZILCH, action item 7.5.1. restructured to include radon mitigation (see Page 24, ZILCH, action item 7.5.1). 5/6.2.3 Additional funding for the ZILCH loan 5/6/2 3 No new action. program was requested in 1997, but was denied. The revolving loan fund has a budget of$90,000. 19 ACTIONS 1M96.4-A ik #? 20 ►1• t k 5/6.3 Wood Smoke Response Line 5/6.3 Wood Smoke Response Line 5/6.3.1 The Wood Smoke Response Line is an 5/6.3.1 Aggressively publicize the Wood Smoke ongoing service provided to Fort Collins' Response Line. Re-evaluate the response line residents who are bothered by wood smoke in procedure and restructure if necessary. While their neighborhoods. From 1996-1998, 23 wood smoke contributes to area-wide emissions, it residents reported wood smoke problems. When is often most problematic neighbor-to-neighbor. a complaint is received, all residents in the area of The response line has been an effective way to the problem unit(s) receive information about deal with this specific aspect of woodburning proper woodburning, the ZILCH loan program pollution. and City wood smoke laws. In some cases, Larimer County is called to do a smoke opacity reading to determine if the woodburner is in violation of the City's 40% opacity limit. Surveys report that less than a quarter of Fort Collins' residents are aware of the Wood Smoke Response Line. DATA COLLECTION AND MONITORING 5/6.4 Wood Smoke Survey 5/6.4 Wood Smoke Survey 5/6.4.1 A wood smoke survey was conducted in 5/6.4.1 Although the current survey instrument is 1996 and 1998. The survey in 1996 was a phone adequate, we have been unable to effectively survey and the survey in 1998 was a mail survey. gather certain types of data(i.e., number of wood There appeared to be no significant difference in stove inserts and non-certified units). The City the data from the phone versus the mail survey. will work with the state health department and a In 1996, 4% of residents said they were bothered professional statistician (possibly from CSU) to by wood smoke and in 1998, 8% said the same. review the instrument and redesign it as This data will be re-evaluated again following the necessary. The next survey is scheduled for 2000. 2000 survey. In 1998, a survey technician was hired to reformat the survey document. 5/6.4 2 Since wood smoke pollution is continuing to decline, a committee will be formed following the 2000 survey to decide whether the biennial wood survey should be expanded to a four-year time frame. 20 REGULATION 5/6.5 Cottonwood Burning Ban 5/6.5 Cottonwood Burnin Ban 5/6.5.1 The cottonwood burning ban was deleted 5/6.5.1 No further action. from the Air Pollution Nuisance Law in 1996. The ban had been instituted because cottonwood has a potential to generate strong odors and smoke when burned. It has been determined that the type of burning unit and the manner in which it is used is the real cause of woodburning problems. Focus has shifted to educating wood unit owners about proper woodburning techniques. 5/6.6 Woodburnin Cook Stoves 5/6.6 Woodburning Cook Stoves 5/6.6.1 The Solid Fuel Burning Appliances Law 5/6.6.1 No further action is anticipated. was reviewed and upgraded in 1997 to clarify regulations pertaining to installation of commercial woodburning cook stoves. The law now states that commercial woodburning cook stoves must meet the strictest wood stove standards and if standards are not met, only a few sticks of wood can be added to the cooking process as a method of flavoring food in commercial establishments. 5/6.7 Point of Sale Ordinance 5/6.7 Point of Sale Ordinance 5/6.7.1 An ordinance to require the upgrade or 5/6.7.1 These ordinances should be reviewed dismantling of wood stoves and fireplaces at again in 2002-03 in conjunction with the next point-of-sale (POS) was reviewed by an ad-hoc four-year update of the AQAP. committee of the AQAB, other City boards, and the general public during 1996-1997. Additional review of the current, voluntary wood smoke reduction program that shows a continual decline in wood smoke pollution led to a recommendation that no ordinance be drafted at this time. The recommendation is in line with the AQPP, which supports the use of laws only when all voluntary methods have failed. The POS ordinances were reviewed again in 1998 in conjunction with this update and the above recommendation was again confirmed. 21 OBJECTIVE #7 — INCREASE ACTIONS BY RESIDENCES AND WORKPLACES TO REDUCE EXPOSURE TO INDOOR AIR POLLUTION The Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) program began in 1994. It is an education and outreach program that focuses mainly on Households while providing information and referrals to businesses, In 1997, an IAQ Issue Paper was completed. It recommends an IAQ program that complements rather than duplicates the efforts of others. Since the program began, radon has been the main focus followed by carbon monoxide, and tobacco smoke. The IAQ program is coordinated at the federal, state, county, and rlocal levels and strives to use the resources of each. CURRENT CONDITIONS IAQ Actions to Reduce Indoor Air Pollution Actions to reduce exposure to indoor air pollution The chart shoves actions taken by residents to reduce exposure to carbon monoxide and tobacco 180 smoke, two areas of special focus since the IAQ so 01994 program began lin 1994 Data are from general ao ®1995 indoor air quality surveys 20 ❑1997 n 0 -d co Smoking Carbon monoxide (CO) actions refer to residents who have their fuel-burning appliances checked annually. Smoking_actions refer to residents who do not allow smoking in their homes. Actions to Reduce Radon in Homes Since 1994, more actions have been taken to Radon reduction actions increase reduce high radon levels. Radon is an area of special focus within the IAQ'program. Three of 45 four Fort Collins' homes tested show radon levels a 40 of4 picocuries or above, the level at which US d 35 tlssa EPA recommends action. The most effective way 25 ®1995 to reduce radon is to install a sub-slab radon "= 20 111997 mitigation system which draws radon gas from 15 ❑1998 beneath the home and exhausts it to the outside a 15 ; air. The 1998 data are from the November 1998 0 Radon Survey. Previous year's data are from the sub General IAQ Survey. slab 22 PROGRAM AND POLICY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIONS— 1996-1999 ACTIONS—2000-2003 7.1 IAQ Issue Paver 7.1 IAO Issue Paver 7.1.1 An IAQ Issue Paper was researched, 7.1. 1 Review the IAQ Issue Paper in 2002-03 in written, reviewed, and approved in 1997. It conjunction with the four year update of the established a role for the City that complements AQAP and identify the top three or four IAQ rather than duplicates the efforts of others. The issues for 2004-2007. paper reviewed IAQ issues, programs, and initiatives at federal, state, county and local levels. Several recommendations of the IAQ Issue Paper were implemented during 1998, and will continue in 1999. The recommendations include an update of the smoking in public places' law, continuance of radon testing and mitigation, identifying IAQ issues in rental property, and greater awareness of carbon monoxide in homes. The IAQ Issue Paper was reviewed during the current update of the AQAP. 7.2 Point Source IAQ Problems 7.2 Point Source IAQ Problems 7.2.1 On occasion, residents and/or businesses report air quality conflicts that often pertain to emissions from dry cleaners, auto body shops, and print shops. Because there is no formal protocol for dealing with these complaints, staff will meet with Poudre Fire Authority, City Building and Zoning, Larimer County, and the State Health Department to develop a standard method for use by all agencies. 7.2.2 Staff will review the current Air Pollution Nuisance Law to see if there are better ways to address complaints. 7.3 IAQ in Rental Property 7.3 IAQ in Rental Property 7.3.1 IAQ in rental property was identified by 7.3.1 Implement recommendations of the Rental staff and the AQAB as an area of concern because Committee. renters are often unaware of IAQ hazards in the home or apartment they are renting. During 1999, a Rental Committee will be formed to determine what protection exists for renters, where gaps exist, and who should be responsible for addressing the issues. 23 ACTIONS — 1996-1999 ACTIONS— 2000-2003 7.4 Radon Kit Sales 7.4 Radon Kit Sales 7.4.1 Over 12,000 radon kits have been sold to 7.4. 1 The kit sales program will continue at the Fort Collins' residents since the Radon Program two locations and will be re-evaluated in 2002-03 began in the fall of 1995, with at least two kits as part of the four year update of the AQAP. Free sold to each household. The radon kits were sold kits will be provided to low-income residents through the Natural Resources Department until upon request. the fall of 1998, when two permanent, year-round locations were established —the City Building and Zoning Department and the Senior Center. Both short-term and long-term kits are sold. 7.5 ZILCH Radon Mitigation Loan Program 7.5 ZILCH Radon Mitigation Loan Program 7.5.1 A zero interest loan program began in 7.5.1 The ZILCH loan program will continue February 1999 that provides radon mitigation and will be evaluated annually for effectiveness. loans of up to $1,500 to low-income residents. Pending the outcome of the evaluations, a request may be made to Council for additional funding. 7.6 IAO Partnerships 7.6 IAO Partnerships 7.6.1 Staff works closely with US EPA and state 7.6.1 The City will continue these activities. and county health departments to respond to IAQ problems in homes and businesses. The City continues to support increased funding at the state level for IAQ programming. 7.7 Workshops 7.7 Workshops 7.7.1 Assess the value of holding IAQ workshops for high-risk groups such as young children and those with allergies, asthma, and other respiratory conditions. If warranted, work with the American Lung Association, Larimer County, and local physicians when designing the workshops. 7.7.2 Evaluate the merit of air toxics workshops dealing with indoor air pollution and outdoor air pollution. The workshops should provide residents with low cost, do-it-yourself ways to improve the air they breathe. Evaluate the merit of IAQ workshops targeting building managers in schools. Determine what precautions already exist and identify areas of improvement. Coordinate any recommended program with Poudre School District. 24 EDUCATION AND OUTREACH 7.8 Ongoing Education Program 7.8 Ongoing Education Program 7.8.1 The IAQ program includes articles, T 8 I Continue the program and follow the presentations, displays, the Internet, and a variety guidance of the IAQ issue paper. of literature and workshops that provide assistance to residences and businesses. 7.8.2 The current IAQ program focuses 7.8.2 Continue the program and follow the primarily on residences. Workplace issues are guidance of the IAQ issue paper. usually referred to the appropriate federal, state, or county agency. Exceptions to this policy are local issues pertaining to smoking and radon in workplaces. 7.9 Radon Workshops 7.9 Radon Workshops 7.9.1 Since 1996, 11 radon workshops have 7.9.1 Continue the workshops. been held. The workshops have provided 700 realtors, builders, and residents with information about radon risk, testing and mitigation. 7.9.2 A project to develop an IAQ resource list 7.9.2 Complete the IAQ resource list project with that would provide an annotated list of IAQ the assistance of a CSU graduate student. resource for business and residences was not completed. DATA COLLECTION AND MONITORING ACT 131�TS 19 1� 9 AI Ti }I�1S -- ��Itf 7.10 IAQ Survev 7.10 IAO Survev 7.10.1 An IAQ survey was conducted in 1997, 7.10 1 An IAQ survey will be conducted in 2001. and a survey technician was hired to re-format the instrument. Another IAQ survey will be conducted in 1999. The IAQ survey assesses residents' knowledge of general IAQ issues and whether they are taking actions to reduce exposure to indoor air pollutants as a result of the IAQ education and outreach program. A statistician will be hired to review and evaluate the current instrument prior to the 1999 survey. 7.11 Radon Survev 7.11 Radon Survev 7.11.1 A radon survey was conducted in the fall 7.11.1 Radon surveys will be conducted in 2000 of 1998, in an effort to determine the effectiveness and in 2002. of the radon program, and to determine compliance with the radon information law. 25 REGULATION 93. 10 . ACTIONS W. 7.12 Radon Information Law 7.12 Radon Information Law 7.12.1 A radon committee was formed in 1996 to 7.12.1 No changes are anticipated in the law. develop a plan for dealing with radon in Fort Collins. Three of four homes tested have high radon levels (4 Pico curies per liter of air or greater). The committee suggested the City target radon testing and mitigation at point-of-sale and promote a broader effort to increase the number of Fort Collins homes tested for radon. While wanting to maintain the voluntary aspect of the radon program, but realizing that Fort Collins was in a high radon area, City Council passed a radon information law in March 1997. The law requires the dissemination of radon information to all homebuyers at point-of-sale. It does NOT require testing or mitigation. Implementation of the law has included letters and postcards to all realtors and builders in the region, articles in newspapers and trade newsletters, and builder and realtor workshops. Radon information for dissemination at point-of-sale is available at several locations in the area. 7.13 Mitigation Building Standards 7.13 Mitigation Building Standards 7.13.1 In order to ensure quality control during 7.13.1 No changes are anticipated in the building the installation of radon mitigation systems in new standard for new construction. The radon construction, a radon building standard was inspection program will be re-evaluated during developed by the City, Larimer County, and local regular updates of the City Building Code. builders. It became part of City Code in June 1998. To further ensure implementation of the standard, the City has created a radon inspection program for all radon systems in new construction. 7.13.2 No work will be completed on a radon 7.13.2 Complete a radon mitigation standard for standard in existing homes during the 1996-1999 existing homes in conjunction with the next plan. Instead, efforts have focused on new scheduled update of the City Building Code. Set construction. up an inspection program modeled after the one used for new construction. 7.14 Smoking Ordinance 7.14 Smoking Ordinance 7.14.1 Staff and the AQAB will begin the review 7.14. 1 Continue and complete. and update of the City's smoking in public places law. 26 7.15 Point of Sale Testing and Mitigation 7.15 Point of Sale Testing and MWL),ation 7.15.1 The Radon Committee and the AQAB 7.15.1 Based on the outcome of the reevaluation researched two possible radon ordinances: (1) of the two radon ordinances in 1999, the programs requiring radon testing at point-of-sale; and, (2) will be assessed for effectiveness and possible requiring mandatory installation of radon systems revisions during the update of the AQAP in 2003. in new construction. Neither received approval from Council in order to give the education program an opportunity to get off the ground. Reevaluation of the two radon ordinances mentioned above will be completed in 1999. There is some support for considering the ordinance requiring installation of radon systems in new constructions. Radon systems installed during construction can be hidden within the envelope of the home and often do not need fans, as is not the case in existing homes. Builders are encouraged to voluntarily install radon systems in new homes. 7.16 Carbon Monoxide in Homes 7.16 Carbon Monoxide in Homes 7.16.1 Evaluate a change in the Building Code during its regular review (2000-01) to require carbon monoxide monitors with digital readings and battery backups in all new construction. 27 OB]ECTIVE *8 - INTERGOVERNMENTAL PARTNERSHIPS While Objectives#i through 97 deal with specific sources of outdoor and indoor pollution, Objectives 48 through#10 focus on two complementary actions: (1) partnerships and laws to better achieve air quality goals and (2) special data collection and monitoring, which measure;progress and provide guidance for redirection and resetting of goals and strategies. PROGRAM AND POLICY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 4CTI!1311ta W J1999 ACII'�TS11Q 2t3 8.1 State Imnlementation Plan 8.1 State Imnlementation Plan 8.1.1 Although Fort Collins is designated non- 8.1.1 Complete the redesignation process if not attainment with respect to the federal carbon finalized in 1999. monoxide (CO) standard, the City has not violated the Federal air quality standard since 1991, and is eligible to apply for attainment status. Redesignation requirements and impacts were thoroughly analyzed by City staff and the AQAB. The review led staff and the board to recommend against redesignation at this time. However, the State legislature has authorized the State Health Department to proceed with redesignating non- attainment areas into attainment as soon as they become eligible. Staff is working with the State Air Quality Control Commission and the State Health Department's Air Pollution Control Division on redesignation to US EPA to ensure that City concerns are addressed. Completion of this project may occur in late 1999, but could continue into 2000-01. Disadvantages of redesignation include: (1) it would require a 10-year plan, which is redundant with local plans; (2) it does not result in further emission reductions, but may cause relaxation of existing efforts; (3) it can jeopardize certain federal transportation dollars; and, (4) it carries a threat to cut off all federal transportation funds if emission goals are not met. 8.1.2 The City participates in any state study to 8.1.2 This strategy will continue. re-evaluate whether certain state regulation scan be rescinded to meet federal requirements. 28 8.2 Cities for Climate Protection 8.2 Cities for Climate Protection 8.2.1 In 1997, the City joined an international 8.2. l Implement the Local Action Plan. effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from energy use and solid waste. City Council adopted a resolution stating that the intent of the program was to conduct an energy audit, set a greenhouse reduction target, and develop an action plan to meet that target. The energy audit and Local Action Plan will be brought to Council for consideration in 1999. 8.3 Intergovernmental Partners 8.3 Intergovernmental Partners 8.3.1 Liaisons with city, county, state, and 8.3.1 The City will continue intergovernmental federal agencies are carried out on a project-by- government liaisons on an ad-hoc basis. Where project basis. Example projects include pollution possible, the City will establish informal contacts prevention, alternative fuels, the emissions with other agencies at a higher level than the compliance test, new source review, and project level to coordinate overall plans. inspection and maintenance. Liaison efforts at the local level have included meetings of the Air Toxics Partnership and Local Environmental Government Staff. These meetings were not fruitful and have been abandoned in favor of ad-hoc networking on a project-by-project basis. 8.4 Benchmark Studv 8.4 Benchmark Study 8.4.1 During 1997, the City began work with the 8.4.1 No further action is recommended on this AQAB to identify first class air pollution control project. programs and, where applicable, apply their techniques to Fort Collins. The survey portion of the study was completed in July 1997, and indicated a citizen concern with excessive vehicle idling at traffic lights. A benchmark survey of community traffic signalization was sent to 80 cities across the country in 1998. An effort to identify best practices and develop recommendations will be completed in 1999. 8.4.2 In 1999, the potential for future 8.4.2 Follow the 1999 recommendations for benchmarking will be evaluated. future benchmarking projects. 29 OBJECTIVE *9 - DATA COLLECTION AND MONITORING PROGRAM AND POLICY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT A� tOla: lei»t $ ACT1 2€tQlt CIQ3 9.1 Air Ouality Action Plan Update 9.1 Air Ouality Action Plan Update 9.1.1 An annual summary report of AQAP activities will be presented to City staff, the AQAB and Council each year. A mid-course review and redirection will occur in 2001 to address urgent and emergent issues that may require minor amendments to the Plan. 9.1.2 The AQAP was reviewed and updated in 9.1.2 The entire Air Quality Plan, including the 1998-99. The new plan will operate on a four original findings, goals, objectives, and policies, year time frame extending from 2000-2003. will be reviewed in 2002-2003. At that time, the AQPP will be ten years old. The review will include a complete update of the AQAP, including a review of monitored data and air quality indicators, a review of 2000-2003 implementation strategies, and proposed future actions for 2004- 2007 City departments charged with primary responsibility for carrying AQAP strategies will be directly involved in the review and update process. 9.2 Air Ouality Monitoring Plan (AQMP) 9.2 Air Ouality Monitoring Plan (AOMP) 9.2.1 The AQMP will be updated in 1999. The 9.2.1 A major review of AQMP will occur every plan reviews monitoring needs and opportunities four years in conjunction with the regular update and sets priorities for the coming four-year of the AQAP. In addition, the AQMP will be period. updated every two years in coordination with the mid-course correction of the AQAP. 9.2.2 The majority of the recommendations of 9.2.2 The AQNW will continue to be the 1995 AQMP have been implemented, with the implemented, as directed in 1999, exception of integration of visual and optical data, evaluation of the CO and PM10 monitoring sites, and evaluation of pollutant concentrations in river valleys. 9.3 Visibility Data Analysis 9.3 Visibility Data Analysis 9.3.1 Analysis of visibility information 9.3.1 Available visibility information will be continues. Compliance with the State Visibility analyzed to determine whether AQAP actions Standard has been updated annually with adequately address the issue of visibility available data. Integration of existing visual and reduction. Information sources include reports of optical data was briefly discussed in 1999 in the the North Front Range Air Quality Study 30 update to the AQMP. A thorough evaluation of (NFRAQS), Fort Collins' data collected, but not existing data will be recommended b the AQMP et analyzed, duringNFRAat S' Fort Collins' for 1999. routine transmissometer and nephelometer data (visibility monitoring system), Fort Collins' routine photographic and time-lapse video data, and reports of applicable CSU research projects. The information will be developed into a form that can be used to evaluate and prioritize current AQAP actions with respect to the impact on v. .. ility reduction. EDUCATION AND OUTREACH r'k +15» 1931 r CT.11 S 240040 9.4 Improve Delivery of Data 9.4 Improve Delivery of Data 9.4.1 In an effort to bring data to the public, a 9.4. 1 This program will continue. Efforts will variety of strategies have been used. Pictures and be made to create a real-time video display graphs depicting visible air pollution are used in depicting the current weather pattern and visibility brochures and displays and data trends are over Fort Collins. This page will become the simplified to increase awareness of air pollution main Air Quality Home Page. It may contain causes and changes over time and to encourage local weather conditions and a PSI index. behavior change. Where possible, the City Residents will be encouraged to make this their publicizes actions it takes on its own to reduce air home page. pollution. Carbon monoxide, ozone, and visibility readings are also displayed on the daily weather page of the Coloradoan newspaper. 9.4.2 Slides of visible air pollution will be used to raise awareness and gain citizen support of measures to improve visibility. A visual preference survey will be incorporated in the education ro ram. DATA COLLECTION AND MONITORING 9 - rtN +at 9.5 State Monitoring Network 9.5 State Monitoring Network 9.5.l National Ambient Air Quality Standard 9.5.1 Monitoring will continue at the Laurel and (NAAQS) carbon monoxide monitoring was Mason Streets site. If recommended by the conducted by the state at the Laurel and Mason AQMP, an evaluation will be conducted to Streets site on the CSU campus. determine whether this site represents worst case conditions. 9.5.2 NAAQS ozone monitoring was conducted 9.5.2 Ozone monitoring will continue at Laurel by the state at the Laurel and Mason Streets site and Mason Streets. on the CSU campus. 31 9.5.3 NAAQS PMIo monitoring was conducted 9.5.3 PMIO monitoring will continue at the by the state at the Larimer County Courthouse Larimer County Courthouse roof site. roof site. 9.5.4 The NFRAQS provided a local analysis of 9.5.4 PM2.5 monitoring will continue at the PM2.5 concentrations and sources in Fort Collins. CSU Facilities Building roof site. NAAQS PM2.5 (particles 2.5 microns or smaller) monitoring will be initiated by the state at the CSU Facilities roof site in 1999. 9.6 Visibility Monitoring 9.6 Visibility Monitoring 9.6.1 Visibility (optical) monitoring with a 9.6.1 Visibility monitoring will continue. Slides transmissometer (measures total extinction and time lapse video will continue based upon the including scattering and absorption of light) and recommendations of the AQMP. nephelometer (measures scattering of light by particles) was conducted. Photo slides and time lapse video were also generated to provide a visible snapshot of air pollution. 9.7 Air Quality Awareness 9.7 Air Ouality Awareness 9.7.1 A general air quality awareness survey 9.7.1 A general air quality awareness survey was conducted in 1997. The survey looked at will be conducted in 2001 and 2003. attitudes and perceptions of outdoor air pollution, what citizens were doing and what they would be willing to do to reduce air pollution, and how they received information about air pollution. A second survey will be conducted in 1999. The main purpose of the survey is to help staff reassess and refocus the outreach and education program. The survey is also useful in planning future action strategies. 32 OBIECTIVE *10 - LEGISLATION AS. Ibl'd �CTiUl1S11aa 10.1 Tracking Legislation 10.1 Tracking Legislation 10.1.1 Staff responds to legislative actions where 10 1.1 The City will continue to respond to appropriate. For example, the City commented on legislative actions, especially new bills that may Senate Bill 98-182 regarding the Inspection and reduce authority for local inspection and Maintenance Clean Screen program and maintenance efforts. commented to US EPA on proposed revisions to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for particulate matter and ozone. 10. 1.2 Where appropriate, the City will review and comment on Federal legislation and regulations, particularly new vehicle standards, fuel standards, and sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide controls for visibility improvement. The City will interact with state and national organizations such as the State and National League of Cities, the Colorado Municipal League, and the Association of Local Air Pollution Control Officials. 33