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HomeMy WebLinkAbout205 - 12/16/1986 - AMENDING CITY CODE RELATING TO RESIDENTIAL FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEMS ORDINANCE NO. 205 , 1986 OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS AMENDING CHAPTERS 38 AND 50 OF THE CODE OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS RELATING TO RESIDENTIAL FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEMS BE IT ORDAINED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS that Chapters 38 and 50 of the Code of the City of Fort Collins be amended as follows: Section 1. That Section 50-2 be amended to set out the following additional amendments to the provisions of the Uniform Fire Code, in numerical sequence with previous amendments: (1) Appendix III-D is added as follows: APPENDIX III-D RESIDENTIAL FIRE SPRINKLERS - ALTERNATIVE DESIGN CRITERIA SECTION 1.0 PURPOSE, SCOPE, AND LIMITATIONS 1. 1 PURPOSE This Appendix describes the design alternatives for fire access, fire fighting water supplies, and fire alarm systems which may be used in new residential buildings and projects when buildings and/or projects are protected by approved residential fire sprinkler systems. 1.2 SCOPE Residential fire sprinkler systems may be used in any Group R Occupancy as defined by the Uniform Building Code which is not otherwise required to be protected by a commercial fire sprinkler system. Examples of these buildings are single-family dwellings, duplexes, lodging houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, townhouses, zero lot-line homes, dormitories, fraternity and sorority houses, group homes, hotels and motels. This Appendix shall not apply to buildings of four or more stories or exceeding 55' in height or buildings defined as Group I Occupancy by the Uniform Building Code. 1.3 LIMITATIONS Residential fire sprinkler systems, in conjunction with other requirements of the Uniform Fire and Uniform Building Codes and their Appendices and related standards, are intended to control a fire and maintain a tenantable environment within a residence. Residential fire sprinklers are not intended as a substitute for manual firefighting forces, but when used in conjunction with current Poudre Fire Authority service levels they can substantially increase the probability of survival in a fire and decrease the potential for property loss and endangering neighbors. This Appendix permits the omission of sprinkler coverage in those areas of a building where life-threatening fires are unlikely to originate. 1.4 EXTENT OF PROJECT COVERAGE All buildings within a residential project or residential portions of a mixed commercial -residential project, as defined by City planning criteria, using the alternative design criteria of this Appendix and Chapter 13 of the Uniform Building Code shall be equipped with approved residential or commercial fire sprinkler systems. Non-residential portions of residential buildings and non-residential buildings directly serving the primary residential use, as detailed in this section, shall be equipped with residential fire sprinkler systems: 1.4.1 ASSEMBLY AREAS Assembly areas or rooms, such as dining rooms, club rooms, clubhouses, conference rooms, classrooms, chapels, lounges, and similar areas, when the occupant load is less than fifty (50) and the fire loading is comparable to the light hazard classification for the design of commercial fire sprinkler systems. 1.4.2 OFFICE AND RETAIL SPACE Office and retail rooms or areas when the occupant load is less than ten (10) and the fire loading is comparable to the light hazard classification for the design of commercial fire sprinkler systems. 1.4.3 STORAGE BUILDINGS AND AREAS Storage buildings and areas which are used for only the storage of household goods and personal belongings and garages for passenger vehicles of residents. Vehicle garages, when attached to dwelling units, shall be divided in sections large enough to accommodate no more than two (2) passenger vehicles with a minimum one-hour fire-resistive construction. EXCEPTION: Storage sheds and vehicle garages, as defined in Sections 2. 11 and 2. 13. 1.4.4 NON-RESIDENTIAL PORTIONS OF BUILDINGS Other non-residential portions of buildings, such as kitchens, maintenance rooms, child care rooms, and similar areas, when the use is directly related to the primary residential use and when the fire-loading is comparable to the light hazard classification of commercial fire sprinkler systems. 1.4.5 DETACHED AGRICULTURAL BUILDINGS Sprinkler coverage may be omitted in detached agricultural buildings or buildings defined as Group M Occupancies by the Uniform Building Code, such as barns, stables, and similar buildings when they are directly related to the residential use and they do not constitute a fire exposure hazard to dwellings. 1.5 MIXED RESIDENTIAL-COMMERCIAL PROJECTS Commercial buildings, portions of residential buildings not directly related to the residential use, or those buildings or uses -2- outside the parameters outlined in Section 1.4 which utilize the alternative design criteria of Appendix III-D shall be protected by approved commercial fire sprinkler systems. In buildings of mixed use, commercial and residential fire sprinkler systems may be combined to achieve total building protection. 1.6 EXTENDED MODIFICATIONS The design criteria detailed in this Appendix may be extended, relaxed, modified, or waived when all buildings are protected with fully conforming commercial fire sprinkler systems and when, in the opinion of the Chief, firefighting and/or rescue operations would not be impaired. 1.7 REFERENCE TO OTHER SECTIONS OF THE FIRE CODE Unless specifically modified in this Appendix, all requirements of the Uniform Fire Code, as adopted and amended, and related standards and policies shall apply. SECTION 2.0 DEFINITIONS 2.1 BUILDING CODE The edition of the Uniform Building Code, or other building code, adopted and amended by the City. 2.2 CITY The City of Fort Collins, Colorado, a municipal corporation. 2.3 COMMERCIAL FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM An automatic fire extinguishing system consisting of a water supply, a system of piping, and sprinkler heads designed, installed, and maintained in accordance with National Fire Protection Association Standard 13, Uniform Building Code Standard 38-1, and Fire Code Sections 10.301 and 10.302. 2.4 DEAD-END FIRE APPARATUS ACCESS ROAD A fire apparatus access road that does not provide a direct connection to a public street or approved private drive, except at its point of origin. 2.5 FIRE APPARATUS ACCESS ROAD Any public street or private drive required to be used as a point of access for firefighting or other emergency purposes. 2.6 FIRE CODE The edition of the Uniform Fire Code or other fire code adopted and amended by the City. 2.7 PRIVATE DRIVE A street, alley, parking lot, or other thoroughfare owned and maintained by a private party , homeowners ' association , neighborhood group, or other similar party. -3- 2.8 PUBLIC STREET A dedicated public street, alley, or other thoroughfare regulated and maintained by the city, county or state. 2.9 RESIDENTIAL FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM An automatic fire extinguishing system consisting of a water supply, a system of piping and sprinkler heads designed, installed, and maintained in accordance with Appendix III-E of this Code. 2.10 REQUIRED FIRE FLOW The quantity of water needed to control a fire in a specific building and prevent its spread to adjoining properties under normal anticipated conditions. "Required Fire Flow" shall be designated in gallons per minute (GPM) at specific residual pressures. 2.11 STORAGE SHEDS Buildings used for storage of household goods and personal effects of residents. Storage sheds shall not exceed 120 square feet in area nor seven feet (7' ) in height and shall not be used for the storage of flammable liquids or hazardous materials. EXCEPTION: Quantities of flammable liquids and hazardous materials used in the maintenance and operation of the residence or residential project not exceeding ten (10) gallons. 2.12 TRAFFIC ENGINEER The person lawfully empowered to regulate vehicular traffic on public or private property. 2. 13 VEHICLE GARAGES Detached external buildings used for the storage of vehicles owned by residents. Vehicle garages shall be limited in size to that necessary for the storage of only two vehicles and shall not be used for repair work or storage of flammable liquids or hazardous materials except as allowed in Section 2. 11 . EXCEPTION: Larger vehicle garages shall be permitted, provided each set of two parking stalls is separated by one-hour fire resistive construction, as described in the Building Code. 2.14 WATER SUPPLY The provision of water for firefighting purposes. Water supply shall be public or private water distribution systems or approved stored water sources. SECTION 3.0 FIRE APPARATUS ACCESS ROADS 3.1 GENERAL For buildings or projects provided with approved residential fire sprinkler systems, fire apparatus access roads shall be provided and maintained in accordance with the provisions of this section. -4- Design and maintenance criteria for all other fire apparatus access roads shall be in accordance with Section 10.207 of the Fire Code and applicable Poudre Fire Authority standards and policies. 3.2 WHERE REQUIRED Fire apparatus access roads shall be required for every building hereafter constructed when any portion of an exterior wall of the first story is located more than three hundred feet (300') from fire department vehicle access. Measurement of the 300' distance shall be as a hoseline would be advanced around the exterior of the building and shall not pass through the building. 3.3 CONSTRUCTION AND SURFACE REQUIREMENTS Fire apparatus access roads shall be designed and maintained to support the imposed loads of fire apparatus and shall have a surface which provides all -weather driving capabilities. City design standards shall apply when designing and installing fire apparatus access roads. 3.4 WIDTH The minimum unobstructed width of a fire apparatus access road shall be not less than twenty (20) feet. Total public street or private drive width shall be in accordance with applicable City standards, or as determined by City traffic engineer. EXCEPTION: Fire apparatus access road width for private drives serving detached single-family dwellings and Group M occupancies, as defined by the Building Code, may be reduced to fifteen (15) feet. 3.5 VERTICAL CLEARANCE All fire apparatus access roads shall have an unobstructed vertical clearance of not less than thirteen feet, six inches (13'6") . 3.6 TURNING RADIUS The turning radius of fire apparatus access roads shall be a minimum of twenty feet (20' ) inside and forty feet (40' ) outside and all turns shall maintain the unobstructed width requirement set forth in Section 3.4 above. 3.7 DEAD-END FIRE APPARATUS ACCESS ROADS All dead-end fire apparatus access roads exceeding one hundred and fifty feet (150' ) in length shall be provided with a turnaround sufficient to allow a standard fire pumper to back up and reverse direction. Dead-end fire apparatus access roads exceeding three hundred feet (300') in length shall be provided with an eighty foot (80' ) diameter cul -de-sac, drive-around access through a parking lot with conforming turning radius, or an approved second point of access. EXCEPTION: Private drives serving individual detached single-family dwellings may be of unlimited length, without turnaround provisions. -5- 3.8 BRIDGES Bridges used as part of fire apparatus access roadways shall be designed, constructed, and maintained in a manner sufficient to carry the imposed loads of fully-loaded fire apparatus. When bridges are used, applicable City design standards shall be used. 3.9 GRADE The gradient for fire apparatus access roads shall not exceed eight percent (8%) . EXCEPTION: Private drives serving individual detached single-family dwellings may exceed an 8% grade when, in the opinion of the Chief, firefighting or rescue operations would not be impaired. 3.10 OBSTRUCTION The required width of any fire apparatus access roadway shall not be obstructed in any manner, including parking of vehicles. When parking obstructions are anticipated, approved "NO PARKING - FIRE LANE" signs shall be posted. When required, these signs shall be placed on one side of roadways twenty-eight feet (28') or less in width and on both sides of roadways twenty-four feet (24' ) or less in width. 3.11 SECOND POINT OF ACCESS All dead-end fire apparatus access roads serving 150 dwelling units or fewer or a dwelling unit density of 15 dwelling units per acre or fewer shall be provided with an approved second point of access when the dead-end fire apparatus access road exceeds 1,320' in length. Dead-end fire apparatus access roads serving over 150 dwelling units or a dwelling unit density of more than 15 shall be provided with an approved second point of access when the dead-end fire apparatus road exceeds 660' in length. EXCEPTION: Extensions of dead-end fire apparatus access roads serving detached single-family dwellings may be allowed when geographical conditions make a second point of access impossible, and when, in the opinion of the Chief, firefighting or rescue operations would not otherwise be impaired and adjoining dwellings and other buildings do not present a fire exposure hazard to each other. SECTION 4.0 WATER SUPPLY 4.1 GENERAL An approved water supply capable of providing the required fire flow for fire protection shall be provided to all premises upon which buildings or portions of building are hereafter constructed. Residential fire sprinkler systems shall not be considered as a substitute for approved water supplies, except as modified in this section. -6- 4.2 REQUIRED FIRE FLOW The required fire flow shall be determined using applicable Poudre Fire Authority water supply standards. All water distribution systems shall be installed in accordance with applicable City and water district standards. 4.3 WATER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS Water supply requirements within the City shall be in accordance with applicable City standards. In areas of the City served by a water district, the water distribution system shall be installed in accordance with the standards of that district. EXCEPTION: In areas where a water distribution system is fully developed and incapable of providing the required fireflow but capable of providing the calculated sprinkler demand, an approved residential fire sprinkler system may be considered as satisfying the intent of this Code. In areas where exposure to fire hazards exist, the Chief may require additional fire hydrants. 4.4 FIRE HYDRANT SPACING The distance from a primary fire hydrant to the most distant point of a fire apparatus access road required for fire access shall not exceed six hundred feet (600') . When secondary fire hydrants are required, the distance from the most distant point of a fire apparatus access road required for fire access shall not exceed one thousand feet (1000') . EXCEPTION: In rural areas where standard fire hydrant spacing is impractical due to the size of individual lots, the Chief may allow extension of hydrant spacing distances. SECTION 5.0 FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS 5.1 GENERAL Fire alarm systems shall be installed in residential buildings as detailed in this section. 5.2 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this section, the following words/phrases shall have the meanings indicated: 5.2.1 MULTI-FAMILY DWELLINGS Multi -family dwellings three (3) stories or more in height or containing fifteen (15) or more dwelling units and with interior corridors serving as the primary exit for dwelling units. 5.2.2 HOTELS, MOTELS, AND DORMITORIES Hotels, motels, and dormitories three (3) stories in height or containing twenty (20) or more guest rooms, and with interior corridors serving as the primary exit for guest rooms. -7- 5.2.3 GROUP HOMES Group living facilities such as board and care homes for the elderly, group homes for mentally, physically, and/or emotionally disabled persons, lodging houses, fraternity and sorority houses, half-way houses, and similar group living facilities. 5.3 EXTENT OF COVERAGE Alarm systems installed in multi -family dwellings, hotels, motels, and dormitories shall include smoke detection and manual activation in corridors, intervening rooms, and other common areas. The evacuation alarm shall also be connected to the sprinkler flow switch. Group homes shall be provided with approved, 110-volt powered, single-station smoke detection in all living areas. Such equipment shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. An evacuation alarm shall be provided and connected to the sprinkler flow switch. 5.4 DWELLING UNIT SMOKE DETECTORS Nothing in this Appendix shall preempt the smoke detector requirement of Section 121O(A) of the Building Code. Individual smoke detectors shall be installed in all dwelling units in accordance with the Building Code. (2) Appendix III-E is added as follows: APPENDIX III-E RESIDENTIAL FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEMS - DESIGN, INSTALLATION, AND MAINTENANCE STANDARDS SECTION 1.0 PURPOSE, SCOPE, AND LIMITATIONS 1.1 PURPOSE This Appendix describes an automatic fire sprinkler system which will contribute to the reduction of loss of life and injuries due to fire in residential occupancies. 1.2 SCOPE This Appendix describes the requirements for the design, installation, and maintenance of residential fire sprinkler systems. These systems may be installed in any Group R Occupancy as defined by the Uniform Building Code which is not otherwise required to be protected by a commercial fire sprinkler system. Examples of these buildings are single-family dwellings, duplexes, lodging houses, apartment buildings, condominiums, townhouses, zero lot-line homes, dormitories, fraternity and sorority houses, group homes, hotels, and motels. This Appendix shall not apply to buildings of four or more stories or exceeding 55' in height or buildings defined as Group I Occupancy by the Uniform Building Code. -8- 1.3 LIMITATIONS Residential fire sprinkler systems, in conjunction with other requirements of the Uniform Fire and Uniform Building Codes and their Appendices and related standards, are intended to control a fire and maintain a tenantable environment within a residence. Residential fire sprinklers are not intended as a substitute for manual firefighting forces, but when used in conjunction with current Poudre Fire Authority service levels they can substantially increase the probability of survival in a fire and decrease the potential for property loss and endangering neighbors. This Appendix permits the omission of sprinkler heads in those areas of a building where life-threatening fires are unlikely to originate. 1.4 EXTENT OF PROJECT COVERAGE All buildings within a residential project or residential portions of a mixed commercial -residential project, as defined by City planning criteria, using the alternative design standards of Appendix III-D and Chapter 13 of the Uniform Building Code shall be equipped with approved residential or commercial fire sprinkler systems. Non-residential portions of residential buildings and non-residential buildings directly serving the primary residential use, as detailed in this section, shall be equipped with residential fire sprinkler systems: 1.4. 1 ASSEMBLY AREAS Assembly areas or rooms, such as dining rooms, club rooms, clubhouses, conference rooms, classrooms, chapels, lounges, and similar areas, when the occupant load is less than fifty (50) and the fire loading is comparable to the light hazard classification for the design of commercial fire sprinkler systems. 1.4.2 OFFICE AND RETAIL SPACE Office and retail rooms or areas when the occupant load is less than ten (10) and the fire loading is comparable to the light hazard classification for the design of commercial fire sprinkler systems. 1.4.3 STORAGE BUILDINGS AND AREAS Storage buildings and areas which are used for only the storage of household goods and personal belongings and garages for passenger vehicles of residents. Vehicle garages, when attached to dwelling units, shall be divided in sections large enough to accommodate no more than two (2) passenger vehicles with a minimum one-hour fire-resistive construction. EXCEPTION: Storage sheds and vehicle garages, as defined in Sections 2. 11 and 2. 13 of Appendix III-D. -9- 1.4.4 NON-RESIDENTIAL PORTIONS OF BUILDINGS Other non-residential portions of buildings, such as kitchens, maintenance rooms, child care rooms, and similar areas, when the use is directly related to the primary residential use and when the fire-loading is comparable to the light hazard classification of commercial fire sprinkler systems. 1.4.5 DETACHED AGRICULTURAL BUILDINGS Sprinkler coverage may be omitted in detached agricultural buildings or buildings defined as Group M Occupancies by the Uniform Building Code such as barns, stables, and similar buildings when they are directly related to the residential use and they do not constitute a fire exposure hazard to dwellings. 1.5 MIXED RESIDENTIAL-COMMERCIAL PROJECTS Commercial buildings, portions of residential buildings not directly related to the residential use or those building or uses outside the parameters outlined in Section 1 .4 which utilize the alternative design criteria of this Appendix shall be protected by approved commercial fire sprinkler systems. In buildings of mixed use, commercial and residential fire sprinkler systems may be combined to achieve total building protection. 1.6 DOCUMENTATION All buildings required to be equipped with residential fire sprinkler systems shall have this requirement included in the documents provided by the developer to the property owner. No certificate of occupancy shall be issued for any building required to have a fire sprinkler system until that system has been approved by the Chief. SECTION 2.0 DEFINITIONS 2. 1 BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICE A checkvalve, series of checkvalves, or other approved device intended to prevent water in sprinkler system piping from entering the public water distribution system. 2.2 CIRCULATING SYSTEM A sprinkler system where the water contained in the system piping is periodically circulated through a connection to a regularly-used and approved plumbing fixture at its most distant point. 2.3 CITY The City of Fort Collins, Colorado, a municipal corporation. 2.4 COMBINATION WATER SERVICE LINE A water service line used jointly for domestic and fire sprinkler use. -10- 2.5 COMMERCIAL FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM An automatic fire extinguishing system consisting of a water supply, a system of piping and sprinkler heads designed, installed, and maintained in accordance with National Fire Protection Association Standard 13, Uniform Building Code Standard 38-1, and Uniform Fire Code Section 10.301 and 10.302. 2.6 COMMERCIAL SPRINKLER HEAD A fire sprinkler head designed for use with commercial fire sprinkler systems. 2.7 DEDICATED FIRE SPRINKLER LINE A water service line used only for supplying a fire sprinkler system. 2.8 ESCUTCHEONS Decorative pipe fixtures used to cover piping to sprinkler heads extended below ceilings or through walls. 2.9 FIRE DEPARTMENT CONNECTION A connection on the exterior of a building provided for use by firefighters to augment water quantity and pressure within a fire sprinkler system. 2.10 RESIDENTIAL FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM INSTALLATION CERTIFICATE A certificate issued by Poudre Fire Authority authorizing an installer to design, install , and maintain residential fire sprinkler systems. 2. 11 RESIDENTIAL FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM An automatic fire extinguishing system consisting of a water supply, a system of piping and sprinkler heads designed, installed, and maintained in accordance with this Appendix. 2.12 RESIDENTIAL SPRINKLER HEAD A fire sprinkler head designed for use with residential fire sprinkler systems. SECTION 3.0 MATERIALS 3.1 GENERAL All materials used in residential fire sprinkler systems shall be listed and approved by Underwriters Laboratory (UL) or Factory Mutual (FM) for the use intended. EXCEPTION: Listing may be waived for tanks, pumps, hangers, water-flow detection devices, water-flow valves, checkvalves, and gauges when those devices are approved for use by the City. 3.2 PIPE AND PIPE FITTINGS Pipe and pipe fittings shall be of materials listed in Table 3. 1 . 1 . of this Appendix. Joints in all pipe and pipe fittings shall -11- conform to the methods listed in the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) or the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Standard listed in Table 3. 1 . 1 of this Appendix. All pipe and pipe fittings shall be designed to withstand a constant working pressure of 175 pounds per square inch (PSI) . 3.3 SPRINKLER HEADS Sprinkler heads shall be of the fast-response type listed and approved for residential use in conformance with UL Standard 1626. All sprinkler heads shall have a fusing temperature of not less than 35°F above the maximum expected ambient temperature, but in no case shall the fusing temperature be over 1650F. EXCEPTION: Commercial sprinkler heads installed in hazard areas, as required in Section 4.3. 1. , shall have a fusing temperature between 1650F and 2120F. 3.3.1 SPRINKLER HEAD FINISHES Sprinkler heads may be painted or have an ornamental finish if paint or finish is applied by the manufacturer. No other head painting or finishes shall be permitted. 3.4 ALARM EQUIPMENT All alarm and electrical components used as part of sprinkler systems shall be UL and/or FM listed and installed in accordance with the electrical code enforced by the City. TABLE 3.1.1 MATERIAL d DIMENSIONS STANDARD Cast Iron Cast Iron Threaded Fittings, Class 125 & 250 ANSI B16.4 Cast Iron Flanges & Flanged Fittings ANSI B16.1 Malleable Iron Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings, Class 150 & 300 ANSI B16.3 Steel Factory-made Wrought Steel Buttweld Fittings ANSI B16.9 Buttwelding Ends for Pipe, Valves, Flanges & Fittings ANSI B16.25 Specifications for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel & Alloy Steel for Moderate & Elevated Temperatures ANSI A234 Pipe Flanges & Flanged Fittings, Steel Nickel Alloy & Other Special Alloys ANSI B16.5 -12- Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Welded & Threaded ANSI B16. 11 Copper Wrought Copper & Copper Alloy Solder-Joint Pressure Fittings ANSI B16.22 Cast Copper Alloy Solder-Joint Pressure Fittings ANSI B16. 18 CPVC Plastic ("Blazemaster") ASTM F442 FM 1635 Polybutylene (Gray) ASTM 3309 FM 1635 SECTION 4.0 SYSTEM DESIGN 4.1 WATER SUPPLY Every residential fire sprinkler system shall have at least one automatic water supply. This water supply shall be supplied from a reliable public or private water distribution system capable of supplying the calculated system demand in quantity and pressure. Where a water distribution system is not available, or the system cannot provide the calculated system demand, a stored water supply shall be used. A stored water supply may be an elevated storage tank, a pump connected to a tank or other storage source, or a pressure tank. 4.1.1 WATER SUPPLY CONNECTIONS Connections to a public or private water main shall be either a dedicated fire sprinkler line or a combination water service line. 4.1.2 WATER TEST All sprinkler systems shall be designed from water flow test data calculated to maximum daily use. For systems designed in areas where the calculated maximum daily use is less than required for sprinkler operation, special water supply provisions shall be applied as detailed in Section 4.6. 4. 1.3 COMBINATION WATER SERVICE LINES Combination water service lines shall be sized to include the sprinkler demand and domestic demand. The use of combination water service lines shall be dependent on the available pressure and quantity of the water supply system and the restrictions of the water purveyor having jurisdiction. When a combination water service line cannot be used, a dedicated fire sprinkler line shall be used. -13- 4.1.4 DEDICATED FIRE SPRINKLER LINES Dedicated fire sprinkler lines shall be sized to the sprinkler demand only, and may serve more than one dwelling unit. 4.1.5 BACKFLOW PREVENTION All water lines connected to a water distribution system used for fire sprinkler use shall be protected by a backflow prevention device approved by the water purveyor having jurisdiction. EXCEPTION: Circulating systems as detailed in Section 4. 1 .6. 4.1.6 CIRCULATING SYSTEMS Residential fire sprinkler systems serving twenty (20) heads or fewer or serving a detached single-family dwelling, may be of a circulating type. In circulating systems, no dead-end sprinkler pipe shall exceed 25' in length. Circulating systems shall be equipped with an approved single checkvalve and shall not be equipped with a fire department connection. 4.1.7 CONTROL VALVES Each residential fire sprinkler system shall be provided with control valves as detailed in this section. 4. 1 .7. 1 Combination Water Service Lines - Each combination water service line shall be equipped with one (1) control valve which will shut off both sprinkler and domestic use and one (1) control valve to shut off the domestic supply only. Backflow prevention devices shall be secured in in the open position with an approved locking device. 4. 1 .7.2 Dedicated Fire Sprinkler Lines - Each dedicated fire sprinkler line shall have one (1) control valve. This control valve shall be secured in the open position with an approved locking device or be provided with a tamper-proof switch connected to the system's alarm. Valves designed to isolate backflow prevention devices shall be secured in the open position by an approved locking device. 4.1.8 CONTROL VALVE ACCESSIBILITY Each control valve assembly shall be accessible to firefighters without entering a dwelling unit. If an exterior access panel or door is used, provisions shall be made to insure that the control valve assembly is protected from freezing. Access panels or doors to control valve assemblies shall be designated with an approved sign and secured in a closed and locked position. EXCEPTION: Control valves serving only a single dwelling unit may be located at the water service entrance to the unit, regardless of location. -14- 4.1.9 TEST VALVE Each system shall be provided with a test valve to test the function of the flow switch and alarm(s) . This valve may be located in any part of the system piping downstream of the flow switch. If the test valve is not piped outside or to an approved drain, it shall be provided with a section of 3/4" hose of sufficient length to allow water flow to be directed outside the building. 4.1.10 DRAIN VALVE Each system shall be provided with a drain valve. This drain may also serve as the test valve, as required in Section 4. 1 .9. 4.1.11 PRESSURE RELIEF Each residential fire sprinkler system shall be provided with a pressure relief device on the system side of the backflow prevention device. This pressure relief valve shall be set to operate at 175 PSI . 4.1.12 CHEMICAL ADDITIVES No chemical additives shall be allowed in residential fire sprinkler systems. 4.1.13 DRY SYSTEMS Residential fire sprinkler systems shall not be of a dry-pipe type. 4.2 DEMAND CALCULATION Every residential fire sprinkler system shall provide no less than 18 gallons per minute (GPM) to any single operating sprinkler head and not less than 13 GPM to the number of design sprinklers when the design number is two (2) or more. Design area discharges may be altered as detailed in sprinkler head manufacturer ' s specifications. 4.2.1 NUMBER OF DESIGN SPRINKLERS The number of design sprinklers shall include all sprinklers within a compartment to a maximum of four (4) sprinklers. Calculations shall be provided to show the highest, most hydraulically remote discharge demand from the most remote single sprinkler head and multiple sprinkler heads within a compartment. The definition of "compartment" for use in determining the number of design sprinkler heads is a space completely enclosed by walls and a ceiling. A compartment may have openings to an adjoining compartment or space if the openings have a minimum lintel depth of 8" from the ceiling. EXCEPTION: The number of design sprinklers shall be reduced to two (2) in structures classified as detached single-family dwellings. 4.2.2 TOTAL WATER DEMAND FOR COMBINATION WATER SERVICE LINES Total water demand shall be determined by adding the sprinkler demand and a domestic demand of five (5) GPM for each dwelling unit served by a combination water service line. -15- 4.2.3 PRESSURE LOSSES Total water demand shall include all pressure losses through valves, piping, backflow prevention devices, water meters, and similar devices. 4.2.4 HYDRAULIC CALCULATIONS The piping distribution system shall be hydraulically calculated from the most distant design area. Minimum pipe diameter shall be 3/4" for copper, CPVC, and Polybutylene; and 1" for steel . 4.2.5 LAWN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS Systems using combination water service lines which supply water to automatic lawn irrigation systems or other special water use devices shall be provided with a switching mechanism which will automatically shut off the flow of water to the other systems or devices if the fire sprinkler system is activated. 4.3 SPRINKLER HEAD LOCATION All areas of residential buildings shall be provided with sprinkler heads. The location of sprinkler heads shall be in accordance with each manufacturer's specifications. Areas where sprinkler heads may be omitted are: A. Closets within dwelling units where the smallest dimension is no more than three (3' ) feet and the total area does not exceed twenty-four (24) square feet. EXCEPTION: Sprinklers shall be provided in all closets in group homes for children, mentally and emotionally disabled people, and other uses where residents may have a history of fire-starting behavior. B. Attics, crawl spaces, and similar concealed spaces which are not, and cannot be, used for storage. C. Carports and other open structures designed to protect vehicles from the weather, which are separated from dwelling units or common areas with a conforming occupancy separation. D. Closed vehicle garages which have no openings to dwelling units or common areas and are separated from those areas with a conforming occupancy separation. E. Unenclosed exterior porches, patios, balconies, and similar external areas. F. Unenclosed exterior stairs, passageways, and similar areas. 4.3.1 HAZARD AREAS All hazard areas in which high heat output is produced during normal operations shall have listed commercial sprinkler heads with a fusing temperature of 1650 to 2120. Single sprinklers installed -16- in these areas shall not be considered as a design sprinkler in demand calculations. 4.3.2 PENDENT HEADS Pendent sprinkler heads shall be positioned in accordance with manufacturer's specifications. 4.3.3 SIDEWALL HEADS Sidewall sprinkler heads shall be positioned in accordance with manufacturer's specifications. 4.3.4 OBSTRUCTIONS Sprinkler heads shall be positioned so that response time and discharge pattern is not obstructed by light fixtures, beams, decorative fixtures, or similar objects. Manufacturer's specifications shall be consulted for specific design limitations. Additional sprinkler heads may be added to overcome obstruction problems. 4.3.5 HEAT-PRODUCING DEVICES Sprinkler heads shall be positioned so that they are not adversely affected by heating, ventilation, and air conditioning equipment. Manufacturer's specifications shall be consulted for specific design limitations. 4.3.6 ESCUTCHEONS Dropped or extended escutcheons shall not be used. 4.3.7 CEILING FANS When ceiling fans are used, sprinkler heads shall be located so that fan blades do not obstruct spray pattern or delay response time. Rooms exceeding nine (9') feet by nine (9') feet in size with a ceiling fan shall contain a minimum of two (2) sprinkler heads. 4.4 FIRE DEPARTMENT CONNECTION All residential fire sprinkler systems with over twenty (20) heads shall be equipped with an approved 1-1/2" fire department connection. This connection shall be located on the exterior of the building in a location approved by Poudre Fire Authority. Each fire department connection shall have male National Standard threads, protective cap, and checkvalve to keep system water on inside of heated area. EXCEPTION: Detached single-family dwellings. 4.5 ALARMS All residential fire sprinkler systems shall be equipped with a flow switch and an approved horn or bell . 4.5.1 ALARM LOCATION On buildings with no interior common areas, the alarm bell or horn shall be mounted on the exterior of the building facing the street -17- from which building is addressed. Unless specifically altered by Poudre Fire Authority, the alarm bell or horn shall be positioned directly over the fire department connection. In buildings with interior common areas such as corridors, foyers, offices, recreation areas or other similar areas, an additional bell (s) or horn(s) shall be provided in these areas. Exterior alarm devices shall be positioned high enough to be seen above landscaping. 4.5.2 ALARM POWER SOURCE All flow switches and alarm horns or bells shall be powered from a common building power circuit independent from individual dwelling units. 4.5.3 REMOTE MONITORING Residential fire sprinkler systems with over one hundred (100) sprinkler heads shall be monitored at an approved location which has 24-hour supervision in accordance with Section 10.309 of this Code. 4.6 SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR LIMITED WATER SUPPLIES Where water distribution systems are inadequate to supply the calculated system demand in quantity, pressure, or both, provisions of this section shall apply. 4.6.1 PUMPS Where a water distribution system can supply the required quantity but not the required pressure for the calculated system demand, a booster pump shall be installed to make up the pressure difference. Booster pumps shall be powered by a separate power circuit dedicated to the booster pump. A stored water system designed and installed in accordance with Section 4.6.2 below may be used where a water distribution system is incapable of providing the required quantity and/or pressure. 4.6.2 STORED WATER SYSTEM A stored water system shall be a storage tank equipped with a booster pump, a pressure tank, or elevated tank capable of providing the calculated demand pressure and quantity. A. The stored water system shall provide a minimum of ten (10) minutes of water supply available at all times. This tank shall be equipped with a low-water supervision alarm designed to notify the occupants when the tank level falls below 110 percent of the calculated storage amount. The tank shall have an automatic refilling system that shall operate when activated by the low-water supervision alarm. B. A stored water system using a booster pump shall also meet the requirements of Section 4.6. 1 . -18- 4.7 INSULATION All piping, sprinkler heads, control valve assemblies, and other system components shall be protected from freezing. The method of insulation shall be shown on submitted plans and approved by Poudre Fire Authority. SECTION 5.0 INSTALLATION 5.1 GENERAL Residential fire sprinkler systems are intended as life-safety devices designed to control fires in dwelling areas where fire starts are most likely to occur. Because residential fire sprinkler systems do not provide the 100% coverage of commercial fire sprinkler systems, the quality control specifications of this section shall be strictly adhered to. 5.1. 1 CERTIFICATION Residential fire sprinkler systems shall only be installed by contractors holding a valid residential fire sprinkler installation certificate. Contractors eligible to receive installation certificates are: A. Fire sprinkler contractors licensed in the City. B. Master plumbers licensed in the City. 5.1.2 ON-SITE INSTALLER At least one (1) installer on each job site shall hold a valid residential fire sprinkler installer's certificate. 5.1.3 PLAN REVIEW All residential fire sprinkler systems shall be approved through the Poudre Fire Authority plan review procedures before installation. At least one (1) set of approved plans shall be maintained by the installer at each installation site. 5.1.4 BUILDING PERMIT All residential fire sprinkler systems shall be installed under a building permit separate from the general permit issued for the total building. 5.1.5 TESTS All tests required by this design standard shall be witnessed by a Poudre Fire Authority representative. The installer shall request these tests at least 24 hours in advance. Poudre Fire Authority may allow tests to be witnessed by on-site quality control inspectors or inspectors of other public agencies, at the discretion of the Chief. -19- 5. 1.6 SYSTEM APPROVAL The installed residential fire sprinkler system shall be approved by Poudre Fire Authority before a certificate of occupancy is issued. 5.2 UNDERGROUND WATER LINE 5.2.1 DEFINITION All piping and related installation from connection to the public water main to the connection of the control valving. 5.2.2 WATER LINE CONNECTION Water line connection shall be of the calculated size as shown on approved plans. Water meter, if used, shall be the same as shown on approved plans and all piping shall be well -supported, as required by the water purveyor having jurisdiction. 5.2.3 LOCATION Locations of dedicate fire service or combination domestic-fire service riser stub shall be verified as correct from approved plans. 5.2.4 FLUSH TEST Underground water line shall be flushed clear before installation of control valving. 5.3 CONTROL VALVE ASSEMBLY 5.3.1 DEFINITION All piping and related equipment from the termination of the underground piping to the beginning of the sprinkler piping. 5.3.2 CONTROL VALVE The main control valve shall be of a full flow-type which can be secured with a padlock. 5.3.3 BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICE The backflow prevention device shall be installed as approved by the water purveyor having jurisdiction. 5.3.4 FLOW SWITCH The flow switch shall be installed on the control valve assembly. 5.3.5 GAUGE An approved gauge shall be provided on the control valve assembly. 5.3.6 TEST-DRAIN A test or combination test-drain connection shall be provided. -20- 5.3.7 PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE A maximum 175 PSI pressure relief valve shall be provided, but not attached until final inspection. A plugged attached point shall be provided on the control valve assembly. The pressure relief valve shall be located where adequate drainage can be attained. 5.3.8 FIRE DEPARTMENT CONNECTION An approved 1-112" fire department connection shall be provided in the location shown on approved plans. 5.3.9 CONTROL VALVE SUPPORT The control valve assembly shall be adequately supported to prevent damage due to sagging or impact. 5.4 SPRINKLER PIPING 5.4.1 DEFINITION All system piping from the termination of the control valve assembly including riser, feed mains, branch lines, and head drops. The rough-in piping stage shall be completed before sheetrock or other enclosures are in place. 5.4.2 PIPING All piping shall be installed according to approved plans. Pipe sizes shall be correct and well -supported. All pipe hangers and anchors shall be in accordance with NFPA Standard 13 for metallic piping and manufacturer's specifications for plastic piping. 5.4.3 SPRINKLER HEADS All head positions shall be correct as shown on approved plans. On-site changes shall be allowed, provided that they do not exceed spacing criteria or hydraulic calculations. 5.4.4 OBSTRUCTION AND HEAD SOURCES All sprinkler head positions shall take into consideration design criteria for heat sources and obstructions. These positions will be verified on-site during inspections. 5.4.5 PIPE JOINTS All pipe joints and connections shall be proper and installed to manufacturer's specifications when plastic piping is used. Pipe joints using threads must use Teflon tape and Teflon liquid. 5.4.6 HEAD DROPS All head drops shall be secured against nozzle reaction in accordance with manufacturer's specifications and each head drop shall have a 4" long, 112" in diameter pipe extension with cap, installed. Each head drop shall be positioned so that when the head is installed, it protrudes below the ceiling exactly to the head manufacturer's specifications. Sprinkler heads shall not be installed until ceiling or wall (if sidewall heads are used) finishes are complete, unless approved sprinkler head protectors are used. -21- EXCEPTION: Sprinkler heads may be installed during the piping installation and 4" pipe extensions omitted when approved head protectors are used. 5.4.7 HYDROSTATIC TEST A 200 PSI hydrostatic test for two (2) hours is required, and shall be completed before installation of sheetrock. EXCEPTION: Systems without fire department connections shall be hydrostatically tested to 50 PSI above maximum static pressure. 5.4.8 FLOW-TEST A flow-test shall be witnessed by Poudre Fire Authority at completion of rough-in piping. This test requires that a 1/2" quarter-turn, flow-through valve be installed in place of the 4" pipe extension on the two most remote head drops as shown on the approved plans. An open orifice head shall be attached to this valving to simulate an open head. A calibrated gauge shall be attached at the next head drop closest to test valves to read residual pressure during flow test. Poudre Fire Authority will provide all other test equipment at time of test. The flow-test may be waived for multiple installations of identical design at the discretion of the Chief. 5.5 FINISH INSTALLATION 5.5.1 DEFINITION The finish installation completes the residential fire sprinkler installation, including installation of heads. 5.5.2 CARE OF HEADS All sprinkler heads shall be installed after wall and/or ceiling finishes are complete. Each head shall be attached with the proper tightness and the head shall protrude from the ceiling surface, the exact length specified by the manufacturer. Extreme care must be taken when handling heads. Heads shall only be moved and stored in their original plastic packaging. Only manufacturer-approved installation tools may be used. All escutcheon plates must also be installed before final inspection. 5.5.3 FINAL HYDROSTATIC TEST A hydrostatic test of 150 PSI, for one (1) hour, shall be witnessed by Poudre Fire Authority after heads are in place. 5.5.4 PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE INSTALLATION After final hydrostatic test, the 175 PSI pressure relief valve shall be installed. 5.5.5 ALARM The alarm bell/light or horn/light assembly shall be attached and tested. Alarm bell and switch shall be wired to common building -22- power. If alarm is also monitored, off-site alarm function shall operate. 5.5.6 FINAL FLOW TEST Poudre Fire Authority shall witness a flow test from the test connection at the control valve assembly. 5.5.7 VALVE SECURITY All valves shall be secured in the open position or enclosed in an approved, locked cabinet. The location of the control valve shall be designated by an approved sign. 5.5.8 INSULATION All pipe insulation shall be in place. Even though this may be done by another contractor, it is the responsibility of the sprinkler installer to see that pipes are protected against freezing. 5.5.9 SPARE HEADS A supply of two spare heads of each type used, and installation tool shall be provided in each control valve assembly enclosure. SECTION 6.0 MAINTENANCE 6.1 GENERAL All residential fire sprinkler systems shall be maintained in operable condition at all times. 6.2 OCCUPANT RESPONSIBILITY FOR MAINTENANCE It shall be the responsibility of occupants, whether owner, tenant, or other ownership category, to maintain all portions of the sprinkler system installed within the dwelling unit in an operable condition at all times. This shall include keeping heads free of paint and excessive accumulations of dirt, keeping heads free of all obstructions, maintaining all valves in the open position, and maintaining all alarm devices in operation. 6.3 COMMON AREAS It shall be the responsibility of the building owner, homeowners' association, or other party responsible for maintenance of common and external areas to maintain in an operable condition all portions of sprinkler systems in these areas at all times. This shall include all items listed in Section 6.2, above. 6.4 INSPECTIONS All sprinkler systems in multi -family buildings shall be included in Poudre Fire Authority's fire sprinkler system inspection program. In addition to inspection of sprinkler system components in the building's common area, the building management shall provide the inspector access to all unoccupied dwelling units for inspection purposes. If the inspector has cause to believe that the sprinkler systems in occupied dwelling units are impaired, inactive, or damaged, he or she shall request entry into such -23- units. If entry is denied, the inspector shall obtain an inspection warrant, as detailed in Section 2.107 of this Code. 6.5 INSPECTION UPON CHANGE OF OWNERSHIP OR OCCUPANT Upon any change in ownership or occupant, it shall be the responsibility of the owner of the dwelling, or his or her authorized representative, to obtain an inspection of the sprinkler system within that dwelling. The purpose of this inspection shall be to verify that the system is in service and components are not damaged or impaired. Any improvements or repairs required as a result of this inspection shall be completed before the Fire Authority will issue a certificate of successful inspection. The Chief may assess an inspection fee based on the costs incurred to provide the inspection. If Poudre Fire Authority is not notified of a change in ownership or occupant, the Authority may conduct an inspection within a reasonable time after discovery of the fact that the change in ownership or occupant occurred. 6.6 DOCUMENTATION Development and construction documents of all dwelling units and buildings equipped with required residential fire sprinkler systems, shall have wording included to show the requirement for the sprinkler system and maintenance provisions. 6.7 IMPAIRMENT If a sprinkler system is impaired or removed from service for any reason, Poudre Fire Authority shall be immediately notified of the same by the property owner and/or occupant. 6.8 CONSTRUCTION CHANGES All construction within a building or dwelling unit equipped with a required residential fire sprinkler system shall take into consideration the impact on the sprinkler system. A certified residential fire sprinkler installer shall be contacted to make necessary repairs, additions, and/or modifications. 6.9 REPAIRS, ADDITIONS, AND MODIFICATIONS All repairs, additions, and modifications to residential fire sprinkler systems shall be done by a certified residential sprinkler installer. Plan review and permit procedures, as detailed in Section 5. 1, shall apply to such work. Section 2. That Section 38-2 is amended to set out the following additional amendments to the provisions of the Uniform Building Code, in numerical sequence with previous amendments: (1) Chapter 13 is added as follows: UNIFORM BUILDING CODE, 1985 EDITION CHAPTER 13 Alternative Design Criteria for Residential Buildings Equipped with Approved Residential -Type Fire Sprinkler Systems. -24- GENERAL Section 1301 . (a) Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to provide alternate code equivalent fire protection for residential occupancies by the use of fast response fire sprinkler technology. (b) Scope. When Approved Residential -Type Fire Sprinklers are installed in accordance with Poudre Fire Authority design criteria in residential buildings, not otherwise required to be protected by an approved automatic system, the design and construction modifications of this chapter may be applied. Occupancies eligible for review under this chapter are those occupancies defined as R-1 or R-3 and their accessory M occupancies. Provisions of this chapter shall not be applicable to residential buildings four or more stories or 55 feet in height (c) Definitions. For the purposes of this chapter, certain terms are defined as follows: ADJACENT DWELLING UNIT is a dwelling unit which adjoins another dwelling unit at some point or along a common line. APPROVED RESIDENTIAL-TYPE FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM - is an automatic fire protection system capable of applying water to a fire in accordance with the performance criteria of Poudre Fire Authority for design, installation and maintenance. FIRE RESISTANCE OF EXTERIOR WALLS Section 1302. Exterior walls on buildings described in section 1301 (b) , which are required to be fire-rated due to proximity to property line (Table 5-A) , may be non-rated when all adjacent dwelling units and adjacent buildings are protected by an approved residential -type fire sprinkler system. EXCEPTION: This provision shall not apply in areas where wildlife conditions may develop as determined by the Fire Chief. ALLOWABLE AREA INCREASES AND MAXIMUM HEIGHT OF BUILDINGS AND FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION SUBSTITUTION Section 1303. Approved residential -type fire sprinklers, shall be considered for the purpose of increasing floor areas, Section 506 (c) , increasing height, Section 507, and substitution of fire-resistive construction, Section 508. The one-story increase of Section 507 may be compounded with either increases for allowable area or fire-resistive construction. -25- SPECIAL PROVISIONS Section 1304. (a) Group R, Division 1 occupancies more than two (2) stories in height or having more than 3,000 sq. ft. of floor area above the first story, may be non-rated up to the limitations of Section 1303, when an approved residential -type fire sprinkler system is installed. (b) Storage or laundry rooms that are within Group R, Division 1 occupancies that are used in common by tenants, shall be separated from the rest of the building. This separation may be non-rated when an approved residential -type fire sprinkler system is installed. (c) An approved fire alarm system as specified in the Uniform Fire Code and Section 1202 (b) , will not be required when the building is equipped with an approved residential -type fire sprinkler system and each dwelling unit does not exit through an interior corridor. This exception applies only for applicable buildings as defined in 1301 (b) of this chapter. SPECIAL HAZARDS Section 1305. Boiler or central heating plant rooms in Group R, Division 1 occupancies shall be separated from the rest of the building. This separation need not be one-hour fire-resistive construction provided the BTU output of the largest single unit does not exceed 400,000 BTU's and the building is equipped with an approved residential -type fire sprinkler system. EXCEPTION: A separation shall not be required for such rooms with equipment servicing only one dwelling unit. MEZZANINES Section 1306. The aggregate area of a mezzanine may be one-half the area of the room in which it is located, without being considered an additional story and sides adjacent to the room in which it is located may be closed provided the building is equipped with an approved residential -type fire sprinkler system and exits from the mezzanine conform to the requirements of Chapter 33. ATTIC DRAFT STOPS Section 1307. Draft stops must be provided in all attics, mansards, overhangs, and false fronts. When an approved residential -type fire sprinkler system is installed the area between draft stops may be 3,000 sq. ft. EXITS Section 1308. Every building or portion thereof shall be provided with exits as required by Chapter 33. -26- EXCEPTIONS: 1 . When an approved residential -type fire sprinkler system is installed in buildings eligible for review under the provisions of this chapter, the second story may be provided with one exit when the occupant load does not exceed 15 or the number of dwelling units does not exceed 5, whichever is least restrictive. 2. When an approved residential -type fire sprinkler system is installed in buildings eligible for review under the provisions of this chapter, occupants on the third story may have access to one (1) conforming exit when all exits are exterior and continue directly to grade level and when a single exit serves no more than two (2) dwelling units on the third story. EXIT CORRIDOR RATING Section 1309. In buildings where an approved residential -type fire sprinkler system is installed under the provisions of this chapter, walls, ceilings, and floors of corridors in Group R, Division 1 occupancies shall be required to be one-hour fire-resistive construction when serving an occupant load of 30 or more. EXIT CORRIDOR DOORS Section 1310. In buildings where an approved residential -type fire sprinkler system is installed under the provisions of this chapter, door openings in corridors serving an occupant load of more than 10, but less than 30, will be required to have a non-combustible or a solid core, 1 3/8-inch thick door. Doors must be self-closing and equipped with a smoke gasket to provide a seal where the door meets the top and sides. FIRE CONTAINMENT AREAS Section 1311. In buildings where an approved residential -type fire sprinkler system is installed under the provisions of this chapter, the requirement for Fire Containment Areas as specified in section 3801 amended, shall not apply. Section 3. Severability. The City Council hereby declares that should any section, paragraph, sentence, word or other portion of this ordinance be declared invalid for any reason, such invalidity shall not affect any other portion of this ordinance, and the City Council hereby declares that it would have passed all other portions of this ordinance, independent of the elimination herefrom of any such portion which may be declared invalid. -27- Introduced, considered favorably on first reading and ordered published in summary form this 4th day of December, A.D. 1986, and to be presented for final passage on the 16th day of December, A.D. 1986. Mayor ATTEST: City Clerk Passed and adopted on final reading this 16th day of December, A.D. 1986. Mayor ATTEST: City Clerk -28-