HomeMy WebLinkAbout2017CV884 - Chayce Anderson V. Fcps Officer Jason Shutters - 179 - Defendant Shutters' Response In Opposition To Plaintiff's Motion To Review CostsIN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLORADO
Civil Action No. 17-cv-00884-CMA-STV
CHAYCE AARON ANDERSON,
Plaintiff,
v.
JASON SHUTTERS
Defendant.
______________________________________________________________________
DEFENDANT JASON SHUTTERS’ RESPONSE IN OPPOSITION TO
PLAINTIFF’S MOTION TO REVIEW COSTS
______________________________________________________________________
Defendant, Jason Shutters, through his Attorneys, Hall & Evans, LLC, submits the
following as his Response in Opposition to Plaintiff’s Motion to Review Costs (ECF No.
175):
I. INTRODUCTION
Plaintiff initially filed the present matter generally alleging a violation of various
Constitutional rights stemming from his arrest, trial, and conviction for sexual assault. The
Court dismissed most of Plaintiff’s claims set forth in the Second Amended Complaint
(See generally, Adoption of Magistrate’s Recommendation, ECF No. 93), with the only
remaining claim consisting of one for excessive force arising from the handcuffing of
Plaintiff by Detective Shutters. Plaintiff claimed that as a result of the handcuffing he
suffered severe nerve damage, which continues to the present period of time. The
evidence in this matter, including the uncontroverted medical testimony however,
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established that the Plaintiff suffered nothing more than a scratch, and ultimately he never
complained of an injury or issue to Detective Shutters. This fact was uncontroverted and
wholly supported by the audio recording made by Detective Shutters at the time of the
arrest, where Plaintiff specifically stated the handcuffs were “fine”, after being asked if
they were too tight by Detective Shutters (ECF No. 148 at 12). Magistrate Judge Varholak
recommended Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment be granted (ECF No. 152).
Despite Plaintiff’ objections, the Recommendation was ultimately accepted by the Court
(ECF No. 163).
Plaintiff now seeks to avoid the imposition of costs and in support posits two
theories (1) any such costs should be precluded by his indigency, and; (2) Plaintiff was
appointed pro bono Counsel.
II. ARGUMENT
A. Proceeding in forma pauperis does not automatically abrogate Plaintiff’s
obligation to pay costs.
“A plaintiff’s inmate and/or indigent status does not take away a prevailing
defendant’s right to an award of reasonable costs.” Brooks v. Gaenzle, 2009 U.S. Dist.
LEXIS 121665 at *13 (D. Colo., December 15, 2009), referring to Anderson v.
Cunningham, 319 Fed. Appx. 706 (10th Cir. 2009) (affirming cost award against pro se
inmate upon a grant of summary judgment). “Rule 54(d)(1) clearly allows costs to the
prevailing party, unless otherwise prohibited by a federal statue, the Federal Rules of Civil
Procedure, or a court order.” Brooks, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 12166 at *13-14, citing
Rodriguez v. Whiting Farms, Inc., 360 F.3d 1180, 1190 (10th Cir. 2004). “This principle
must be applied, unless the losing party can show that equity and good conscience
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require a different judgment.” Brooks, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 12166 at *14, citing
Hodgman v. Atl. Refining, Co., 20 F.2d 949, 951 (D. Del. 1927). The burden of avoiding
the taxation of costs, therefore, is on the party against whom said costs are taxed. “A
district court does not abuse its discretion in awarding costs to the prevailing party simply
because the non-prevailing party was indigent.” Brooks, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 121665
at *14-15, referring to Rodriguez, 360 F.3d at 1190-91. The burden of establishing
indigency is also on the non-prevailing and objecting party. Treaster v. Healthsouth
Corp., 505 F. Supp. 2d 898, 903 (D. Kan., April 3, 2007) citing Rivera v. City of Chicago,
469 F.3d 631, 635 (7th Cir. 2006). “The non-prevailing party has the burden of providing
the court with sufficient documentation to support…a finding” of indigency. Treaster, 505
F. Supp. 2d at 903 citing Rivera, 469 F.3d at 635.
“The denial of costs is ‘in the nature of a severe penalty…and there must be some
apparent reason to penalize the prevailing party if costs are to be denied.’” Brooks, 2009
U.S. Dist. LEXIS 121665 at *15, citing Klein v. Grynberg, 44 F.3d 1497, 1507 (10th Cir.
1995) and referring to Burroughs v. Hills, 741 F.2d 1525, 1537 (7th Cir. 1984) (reasoning
that the denial of costs against a financially-strapped plaintiff would not contribute to a
more egalitarian distribution of wealth, since the legal expenses of the public official
defendants were borne by taxpayers, most of whom are themselves persons of limited
means).
Pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 54(d), there is a presumption the “district court will
award costs to the prevailing party.” Cantrell v. Intl. Bhd. Of Elec. Workers, 69 F.3d
456, 459 (10th Cir. 1995) citing Serna v. Manzano, 616 F.2d 1165, 1167 (10th Cir. 1980).
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See also Fed. R. Civ. P. 54(d). The award of reasonable costs is also provided for in the
same federal statute which allows a person to request proceeding in forma pauperis. 28
U.S.C. § 1915 et seq. “Judgment may be rendered for costs at the conclusion of the suit
or action as in other proceedings…” 28 U.S.C. § 1915 (f) (2020).
Besides indigency, factors considered with respect to taxing costs include the
success of the prevailing party on all of Plaintiff’s claims, Cantrell, 69 F.3d at 459, citing
Howell Petroleum Corp. v. Samson Resources Co., 903 F.2d 778, 783 (10th Cir.
1990); whether the prevailing party was obstructive or acted in bad-faith during the
litigation of the matter, Cantrell, 69 F.3d at 459, referring to Sheets v. Yamaha Motors
Corp., U.S.A., 891 F.2d 533, 539 (5th Cir. 1990) and; when the taxed costs are
unreasonably high or deemed unnecessary, or the issues were “close and difficult”
Cantrell, 69 F.3d at 459 citing White & White, Inc. v. American Hosp. Supply Co., 786
F.2d 728, 730 (6th Cir. 1986).
Being indigent is but one factor to consider. Here, the drawn-out litigation of this
matter necessarily warrants an award of the relatively minimal amount of costs sought by
the Defendant. In particular, Plaintiff initially sought to prosecute claims for unreasonable
search and seizure, excessive force, violation of the “Youthful Offender Act”, and
intentional infliction of emotional distress (ECF No. 63 at 1-2). The pursuit of these claims
was set forth in three iterations of Plaintiff’s Complaint, requiring the Defendant to respond
to at least two versions with either motions to dismiss or an answer (see ECF Nos. 1, 50,
and 61). Ultimately, the only remaining claim involved the alleged excessive force upon
application of handcuffs by Detective Shutters, which was subsequently dismissed after
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discovery, depositions, and extensive briefing of a motion for summary judgment (ECF
No. 93). The Defendant, therefore, endured three-years of litigation culminating in
successfully defending against all six-claims for relief. Despite the extensive briefing,
depositions and other discovery efforts, the Defendant is seeking a taxation of costs in
the amount of $1,704.88. Such an amount is not disproportionate to the results obtained
in this matter or unnecessarily high, nor has Plaintiff offered any argument the costs taxed
were somehow “unnecessary”. Furthermore, despite his burden the Plaintiff does not
provide any documentation supporting the notion he is somehow unable to pay any
amount, due to his indigency. See Treaster, 505 F. Supp. 2d at 903 citing Rivera, 469
F.3d at 635.
In addition, the issues in this matter do not involve a “close call”. Without
attempting to rehash the Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment, Plaintiff nowhere
cites to any medical testimony necessarily establishing the Plaintiff suffered anything
other than a scratch, when he was handcuffed by Detective Shutters (see ECF No. 148
at 5), or that he complained to Detective Shutters about the alleged tightness of the
handcuffs (ECF No. 148 at 12, referring to the reasoning in Vondrak v. City of Las
Cruces, 535 F.3d 1198, 1208-09 (10th Cir. 2008)). Plaintiff also never offers a legitimate
argument refuting the evidence establishing that not only did he fail to complain to
Detective Shutters, he affirmatively indicated the handcuffs were “fine.” (ECF No. 148 at
12). Although it took three-years, the Defendant was ultimately successful in dismissing
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all of Plaintiff’s claims, with a relatively minimal amount of costs which he now seeks to
recover1
.
Lastly, there are no indications Counsel for the Defendant acted in bad-faith, or
was otherwise obstructive during the litigation of this matter. Cantrell, 69 F.3d at 459,
B. Appointment of pro bono Counsel is not dispositive of the issue
regarding taxation of costs.
In his Motion, Plaintiff argues the appointment of Counsel should necessarily be
considered, and coupled with his indigency should result in a denial of costs. (See ECF
No. 175 at 6, citing Shapiro v. Rynek, 250 F. Supp. 3d 775, 780 (D. Colo. April 25, 2017).
The Plaintiff, however, offers no reasoning behind such a result. The Court in Shapiro
recognized a unique situation involving the representation of the Plaintiff by students from
the University of Denver, Sturm College of Law with the assistance and tutelage of more
seasoned attorneys. The Court also recognized that the Plaintiff in Shapiro was able to
overcome dismissive pleadings and although he did not obtain an ultimate verdict in his
favor, a jury did determine his Constitutional rights were violated. Shapiro, 250 F. Supp.
3d at 781. Those circumstances are not present in this matter and should not be
considered as a basis to deny the Defendant costs. In the present matter, Plaintiff was
represented by three-attorneys from a relatively large law Denver area law firm.
1 It should also be noted Detective Shutters, as a City of Fort Collins Police
Officer, is a public employee. Ultimately, the expenditure of costs was made by the tax-
payers. See Klein v. Grynberg, 44 F.3d 1497, 1507 (10th Cir. 1995) and referring to
Burroughs v. Hills, 741 F.2d 1525, 1537 (7th Cir. 1984).
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Ultimately, despite very competent and skilled representation, all of Plaintiff’s claims were
dismissed. The appointment of pro bono Counsel, coupled with Plaintiff’s purported
indigency, should not overcome the other factors weighing in favor of affirming the
taxation of costs.
III. CONCLUSION
WHEREFORE, Defendant Jason Shutters respectfully requests the Court deny
Plaintiff’s Motion, and affirm the taxation of costs in favor of the Defendant.
Dated this 19th
day of May 2020.
HALL & EVANS, L.L.C.
s/Mark S. Ratner____________
Mark S. Ratner
1001 17th
Street, Suite 300
Denver, CO 80202
Telephone: (303) 628-3300
Facsimile: (303) 382-4325
Email: ratnerm@hallevans.com
ATTORNEYS FOR DEFENDANT
JASON SHUTTERS
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CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE (CM/ECF)
I HEREBY CERTIFY that on the 19th
day of May 2020, I electronically filed the
foregoing DEFENDANT JASON SHUTTERS’ RESPONSE IN OPPOSITION TO
PLAINTIFF’S MOTION TO REVIEW COSTS with the Clerk of Court using the CM/ECF
system which will send notification of such filing to the following e-mail addresses:
Attorneys for Plaintiff:
Alexandra L. Lakshmanan
Christopher J. Casolaro
FAEGRE BAKER DANIELS LLP-DENVER
allie.lakshmanan@faegrebd.com
christopher.casolaro@faegrebd.com
Heather C. Burgess
FAEGRE BAKER DANIELS LLP-CHICAGO
heather.burgess@faegrebd.com
s/Cindy Blanton, Legal Assistant to
Mark S. Ratner
of HALL & EVANS, L.L.C.
1001 17th
Street, Suite 300
Denver, CO 80202
Telephone: (303) 628-3300
Facsimile: (303) 382-4325
Email: ratnerm@hallevans.com
ATTORNEYS FOR DEFENDANT
JASON SHUTTERS
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