HomeMy WebLinkAbout2019-cv-901 - Surat v. City of Fort Collins, et al. - 050 - Order Denying Defendants' Motion To Stay ProceedingsIN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLORADO
Civil Action No. 19-cv-00901-WJM-NRN
MICHAELLA LYNN SURAT,
Plaintiff,
v.
RANDALL KLAMSER, in his individual capacity, and
CITY OF FORT COLLINS, a municipality,
Defendants.
ORDER DENYING
DEFENDANTS’ MOTION TO STAY PROCEEDINGS (DKT. #35)
N. Reid Neureiter
United States Magistrate Judge
This case is before the Court pursuant to an Order (Dkt. #36) referring the
subject motion (Dkt. #35) entered by Judge William J. Martinez on July 25, 2019. Now
before the Court is Defendants Randall Klamser and City of Fort Collins’ Motion to Stay
Proceedings (Dkt. #35). The Court has carefully considered the motion, Plaintiff
Michaella Lynn Surat’s response (Dkt. #39), and Defendants’ reply (Dkt. #46). On
September 3, 2019, the Court heard argument on the subject motion (see Dkt. #48) The
Court has taken judicial notice of the Court’s file and has considered the applicable
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and case law. The Court now being fully informed
makes the following findings of fact, conclusions of law, and order.
The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure do not expressly provide for a stay of
proceedings. See String Cheese Incident, LLC v. Stylus Shows, Inc., No. 02-cv-01934-
LTB-PA, 2006 WL 894955, at *2 (D. Colo. March 30, 2006) (unpublished). Federal Rule
Case 1:19-cv-00901-WJM-NRN Document 50 Filed 09/13/19 USDC Colorado Page 1 of 4
2
of Civil Procedure 26 does, however, provide that “[a] party or any person from whom
discovery is sought may move for a protective order in the court where the action is
pending . . .. The court may, for good cause, issue an order to protect a party or person
from annoyance, embarrassment, oppression, or undue burden or expense . . ..” Fed.
R. Civ. P. 26(c). Moreover, “[t]he power to stay proceedings is incidental to the power
inherent in every court to control the disposition of the causes on its docket with
economy of time and effort for itself, for counsel, and for litigants. How this can best be
done calls for the exercise of judgment, which must weigh competing interests and
maintain an even balance.” Landis v. North Am. Co., 299 U.S. 248, 254-55 (1936)
(citing Kansas City S. Ry. Co. v. United States, 282 U.S. 760, 763 (1931)). An order
staying discovery is thus an appropriate exercise of this Court's discretion. Id.
A stay of all discovery is generally disfavored. Bustos v. United States, 257
F.R.D. 617, 623 (D. Colo. 2009). However, courts have routinely recognized that
discovery may be inappropriate while issues of immunity or jurisdiction are being
resolved. See, e.g., Siegert v. Gilley, 500 U.S. 226, 231-32 (1991) (noting that immunity
is a threshold issue, and discovery should not be allowed while the issue is pending);
Workman v. Jordan, 958 F.2d 332, 336 (10th Cir. 1992) (same). Similarly, a stay may
be appropriate if “resolution of a preliminary motion may dispose of the entire action.”
Nankivil v. Lockheed Martin Corp., 216 F.R.D. 689, 692 (M.D. Fla. 2003); see Vivid
Techs., Inc. v. Am. Science & Engineering, Inc., 200 F.3d 795, 804 (Fed. Cir. 1999)
(“When a particular issue may be dispositive, the court may stay discovery concerning
other issues until the critical issue is resolved.”).
Case 1:19-cv-00901-WJM-NRN Document 50 Filed 09/13/19 USDC Colorado Page 2 of 4
3
When considering a stay of discovery, this Court has considered the following
factors: (1) the plaintiff’s interests in proceeding expeditiously with the civil action and
the potential prejudice to plaintiff of a delay; (2) the burden on the defendants; (3) the
convenience to the Court; (4) the interests of persons not parties to the civil litigation;
and (5) the public interest. See String Cheese Incident, 2006 WL 894955, at *2.
Here, Defendants seek to stay all discovery pending resolution of their motion to
dismiss that argues Plaintiff’s lawsuit is barred by Heck v. Humphrey, 512 U.S. 477
(1994) (Dkt. #35). In short, Defendants argue that Plaintiff’s excessive force claim
necessarily addresses the validity of her underlying criminal conviction which, while
currently on appeal, has not been overturned.
In contrast, Plaintiff argues that the String Cheese factors (which they request
that the Court modify to employ a “preliminary peek” approach, where the Court
considers the likelihood of success of the motion to dismiss) militates against a stay of
discovery. Plaintiff maintains she would be prejudiced by any further delay, and that
Defendants will not be unfairly burdened by proceeding.
The Court finds that the String Cheese factors do not support entry of a stay in
this case. Most significantly, the Court finds that the interest of Plaintiff to proceed
expeditiously outweighs any burden on Defendants of having to participate in discovery
while their motion to dismiss is pending. In addition, the fact that many witnesses were
identified and testified in Plaintiff’s criminal case suggests that the burden of proceeding
with discovery is not great. As Judge Boland noted, “Defendants always are burdened
when they are sued, whether the case ultimately is dismissed; summary judgment is
granted; the case is settled; or a trial occurs. That is a consequence of our judicial
Case 1:19-cv-00901-WJM-NRN Document 50 Filed 09/13/19 USDC Colorado Page 3 of 4
4
system and the rules of civil procedure. There is no special burden on the defendant in
this case.” Chavez v. Young Am. Ins. Co., No. 06-cv-02419-PSF-BNB, 2007 WL
683973, at *2 (D. Colo. Mar. 2, 2007) (denying unopposed motion to stay).
As to the third String Cheese factor, the Court has an interest in managing its docket by
seeing the case proceed expeditiously. The Court also finds that the interests of non-
parties and the public interest do not greatly favor either side. Finally, at the hearing on
this matter, the Court expressed concern that if Plaintiff chose to assert her Fifth
Amendment rights in her deposition in this case in order to protect the appeal of her
criminal conviction, Defendants would not be able to proceed with Plaintiff’s deposition,
which would create unfairness in the discovery process. However, Plaintiff, through
counsel, has stated that she will not assert the Fifth Amendment during her deposition,
which alleviates that concern. The Court will hold Plaintiff to her assurance on this
matter.
WHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, it is hereby
ORDERED that Defendants Randall Klamser and City of Fort Collins’ Motion to
Stay Proceedings (Dkt. #35) is DENIED.
Date: September 13, 2019 BY THE COURT
Denver, Colorado
N. Reid Neureiter
United States Magistrate Judge
Case 1:19-cv-00901-WJM-NRN Document 50 Filed 09/13/19 USDC Colorado Page 4 of 4