HomeMy WebLinkAbout2017CV1177 - Mcgrath V. Fcps Officer Nick Rogers - 029 - Response To Plaintiff's Motion To Permit Admissions To Be Withdrawn Or AmendedIN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLORADO
Civil Action No. 1:17-cv-01177-LTB-NYW
DAKOTA TYLER MCGRATH,
Plaintiff,
v.
FORT COLLINS POLICE SERVICES OFFICER NICK RODGERS, in his individual
capacity,
Defendant.
RESPONSE TO PLAINTIFF’S MOTION PURSUANT TO FEDERAL RULE OF CIVIL
PROCEDURE 36(b) TO PERMIT ADMISSIONS TO BE WITHDRAWN OR AMENDED
FROM DEFENDANT
Defendant Fort Collins Police Services Officer Nick Rogers,
1
through his counsel,
Thomas J. Lyons and Matthew J. Hegarty of Hall & Evans, L.L.C., respectfully submits
this Response to Plaintiff’s “Motion Pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 36(b) to
Permit Admissions to Be Withdrawn or Amended” (“Motion”), stating as follows:
I. INTRODUCTION
Plaintiff’s Motion seeks relief from operation of Fed.R.Civ.P. 36(a)(3), which directs
untimely requests for admissions to be deemed admitted under the circumstances of this
case, which involve submission of an untimely response to requests propounded under
Rule 36 even after an informal extension was granted. For the reasons set forth below,
however, the justifications Plaintiff offers are insufficient to grant his Motion and
insufficient to prevent the normal operation of Fed.R.Civ.P. 36(a)(3).
1
Incorrectly identified in the Complaint as “Nick Rodgers.”
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II. RESPONSE TO PLAINTIFF’S STATEMENT OF FACTUAL BACKGROUND
1. Defendant agrees this case involves a baton strike by Defendant that had the
effect of causing a fracture to Plaintiff’s lower right tibia, but states this case is also about
Plaintiff’s refusal to comply with the reasonable requests and directives of Defendant.
2. Defendant agrees the Requests for Admission at issue were submitted to
Plaintiff through counsel on November 17, 2017, and agrees the text of those Requests
for Admission (“RFAs”) is set forth accurately on page 2 of the Motion. Even so, Defendant
denies the wholly conclusory assertion in paragraph 2 of the Factual Background section
that all of these nine RFAs went directly to the merits of this case.
3. Defendant agrees Plaintiff’s responses to those RFAs were due no later than
December 17, 2017, by operation of Fed.R.Civ.P. 36(a)(3).
4. Defendant agrees on December 15, 2017, the office of Plaintiff’s counsel
sought an extension of time to respond to those RFAs until December 29, 2017.
5. Defendant agrees on December 18, 2017, his counsel informally acquiesced
in the requested extension of time to respond to those RFAs until December 29, 2017.
6. Defendant does not know the reasons why Plaintiff did not respond to those
RFAs by December 29, 2017, and thus is not in a position to agree with Plaintiff’s stated
justifications in paragraph 6 of the Factual Background section, but states Plaintiff did not
communicate any request for an additional extension of time on or before December 29,
2017. Defendant agrees no service of any response to those RFAs occurred until January
9, 2018.
7. Defendant states Attachment 4 to Plaintiff’s Motion speaks for itself and denies
any inconsistent characterization in paragraph 7 of the Factual Background section.
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8. Defendant agrees Plaintiff’s deposition has not yet occurred but states that due
to what Plaintiff has represented to be his multiple physical issues, mental health issues,
and personal issues, it currently is unknown whether that deposition will provide sufficient
occasion for defense counsel to question Plaintiff on the matters those RFAs reference.
9. Defendant agrees Plaintiff filed an unopposed motion requesting extension of
the discovery cutoff and dispositive motions deadline, which request was granted.
III. ARGUMENT
A. Governing Law on Requests for Admissions and Fed.R.Civ.P. 36
A matter is admitted unless, within 30 days after service, the party to whom the
request is directed serves on the requesting party a signed written answer or objection
addressed to the matter. See Fed.R.Civ.P. 36(a)(3); see Bernard v. Group Publ’g, Inc.,
970 F. Supp. 2d 1206 (D. Colo. 2013) (deeming admitted). In the context of requests to
admit, no litigant should ignore deadlines set by the rules, and sanctions may well be
appropriate for any such inaction. See Raiser v. Utah Cnty., 409 F.3d 1243, 1247 (10th
Cir. 2005); Chalepah v. Canon City & Royal Gorge Route, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS
115459, at *9-10 (D. Colo. Aug. 31, 2015) (deeming admitted). Also, facilitation of the
expeditious resolution of factual issues is an important consideration in the equitable and
efficient administration of justice, particularly for backlogged federal civil courts. Branch
Banking & Trust Co. v. Deutz-Allis Corp., 120 F.R.D. 655, 657 (E.D.N.C. 1988).
Withdrawal of admissions is not permitted unless both (1) it would promote the
presentation of the merits and (2) the court is not persuaded it would prejudice the
requesting party in defending the action. Fed.R.Civ.P. 36(b). The Court must focus on the
effect on the litigation and prejudice to the requesting party, not on the answering party’s
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asserted justifications for an erroneous admission. See Kirtley v. Sovereign Life Ins.
Co. (In re Durability Inc.), 212 F.3d 551, 556 (10th Cir. 2000).
The first prong as to promoting presentation of the merits relates to whether
upholding the admissions would “practically eliminate” such presentation. Raiser, 409
F.3d at 1246. Stated differently, only where a “complete concession” of all elements of a
party’s claim or defense would thereby be obtained is it proper to permit withdrawal of an
admission. Branch Banking, 120 F.R.D. at 659. In contrast, where the admissions do
not go to all of the elements of the claim at issue, it is not appropriate to afford a party
relief from deemed admissions. See Baker v. Potter, 212 F.R.D. 8, 13-14 (D.D.C. 2002).
If a specific admission does not concede a core element of the answering party’s case,
no permission to withdraw it should be granted. See Raiser, 409 F.3d at 1246. To this
end, a litigant wishing to withdraw any deemed admission must specifically show that
withdrawing that admission would advance the presentation of the merits of its case. See
Frane v. JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., 639 F. App’x 577, 578 (10th Cir. 2016). And the
second prong of prejudice relates to the difficulty the requesting party may have in proving
its case, including without limitation unavailability of key witnesses because of a sudden
need to obtain evidence on matters earlier deemed admitted. Raiser, 409 F.3d at 1246.
B. Both Prongs of the Test for Seeking Relief from “Deemed Admissions” Favor
Defendant in This Matter
As to the first prong, an elemental analysis of Plaintiff’s sole claim for the alleged
excessive force of Defendant reveals Defendant still has much to prove even if the
matters currently “deemed admitted” stay deemed admitted. The core of Plaintiff’s Fourth
Amendment excessive force claim is as follows: “the severity of the crime at issue,
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whether the suspect poses an immediate threat to the safety of the officers or others, and
whether he is actively resisting arrest or attempting to evade arrest by flight.” Graham v.
Connor, 490 U.S. 386, 396 (1989). In the interest of candor, Defendant acknowledges
the sole RFA that could be construed to admit a core element is RFA 6 because it asks
Plaintiff to admit he resisted attempts to place him in handcuffs. However, because there
exists in this case video evidence that Plaintiff was not passive as FCPS officers tried to
put him in handcuffs, Defendant did not reasonably anticipate this RFA would be disputed.
And with regard to the other eight RFAs, even if they are deemed admitted Plaintiff still is
free to argue other facts and factors that in his view show he allegedly did not pose an
immediate threat to the safety of Defendant or others and allegedly was not attempting to
evade arrest by flight. To this end, Defendant studiously avoided seeking any admission
relative to the baton strike to Plaintiff’s right tibia. The law requires much more than that
the RFAs “bear upon” a party’s claim, but rather that the party’s presentation of his claim
is “practically eliminated.” Plaintiff did not show this to be the case. Hence, Plaintiff’s claim
that the eight denied RFAs concede all elements of his claim is pure applesauce.
2
And as to the second prong, the Court is well aware of Defendant’s attempts to
secure Plaintiff’s deposition and, thus far, his being denied opportunity to question Plaintiff
at deposition due entirely to circumstances outside Defendant’s control. The prejudice
prong might be less evenly balanced had Defendant already been able to depose Plaintiff,
but that has not occurred. In addition, Defendant is prejudiced by the delay due to not
being able to serve any follow-up discovery requests after the deposition of Plaintiff,
2
“‘[P]ure applesauce’ is commonly interpreted to mean nonsense.” In re Experient
Corp., 535 B.R. 386, 413 n.123 (Bankr. D. Colo. 2015).
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whenever that happens [see ECF No. 20], whereas the intended sequencing was to take
Plaintiff’s deposition with enough time left prior to the close of discovery that follow-up
discovery requests could be served. Regardless, only one prong need be disproven, and
Defendant conclusively disproved the first prong, rendering the second prong irrelevant.
Plaintiff’s reliance on Pittman v. Wakefield & Assocs., Inc., 2017 U.S. Dist.
LEXIS 192506 (D. Colo. Nov. 21, 2017), is misplaced because the defendant requested
the admission of at least one matter of ultimate fact (asking the plaintiff to admit “she had
suffered no damages from [the defendant]’s conduct”), because another admission would
“conclusively establish” one of the defendant’s defenses, and because the defendant
could not contend it did not expect a dispute on that particular issue. See id. at *9-11. In
contrast: no RFA here seeks the admission of any ultimate fact except the one that
Defendant identified in the interest of candor (RFA 6); as shown above, no admission of
any RFA at issue either conclusively establishes Defendant’s defenses or conclusively
disproves Plaintiff’s entire claim; and based on the video evidence both parties disclosed,
Defendant did not expect a dispute on, at a minimum, RFAs 4-6.
Also, Plaintiff’s reliance on Dedmon v. Cont’l Airlines, Inc., 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS
103340 (D. Colo., Aug. 5, 2015), is misplaced because the plaintiff admitted more than
half of the RFAs at issue and because the defendants already had an opportunity to
question the plaintiff at her deposition. See id. at *15. In contrast: Plaintiff admitted only
one of the nine RFAs, and thus far Defendant has been denied the chance to question
Plaintiff at any deposition due entirely to circumstances outside the control of Defendant.
Further, Plaintiff’s reliance on Jesusdaughter v. Scoleri, 2007 U.S. Dist. LEXIS
16275 (D. Colo. Mar. 5, 2007), is misplaced because the RFAs at issue asked the party
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seeking relief to admit matters of ultimate fact (“admit you were never justified in exerting
force”) and because the party seeking relief filed his responses to the RFAs only two days
late. In contrast, no RFA at issue in this matter seeks to have Plaintiff admit a matter of
ultimate fact, and Plaintiff filed his responses eleven days late.
Moreover, Plaintiff’s reliance on Lee Browning Belize Trust v. Aspen Mtn.
Condo. Ass’n, 2017 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 21360 (D. Colo. Fed. 15, 2017), is misplaced
because while in Lee Browning the defendant had opportunity to question the plaintiff’s
representatives at deposition as to information sought in the RFAs at issue, see id. at *11-
12, thus far Defendant has been denied the chance to question Plaintiff at any deposition
due entirely to circumstances outside the control of Defendant.
IV. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, for the foregoing reasons, Defendant Fort Collins Police Services
Officer Nick Rogers respectfully requests that this Court deny Plaintiff’s Motion and hold
that all requests for admission set forth in Defendant’s First Set of Interrogatories, First
Set of Requests for Production of Documents, and First Set of Requests for Admissions
are deemed admitted for all purposes in the above-captioned case.
Respectfully submitted this 23rd day of February, 2018.
s/ Matthew J. Hegarty
Matthew J. Hegarty, Esq.
Thomas J. Lyons, Esq.
Hall & Evans, L.L.C.
1001 17th Street, Ste. 300
Denver, CO 80202
T: 303-628-3300
F: 303-628-3368
E: lyonst@hallevans.com
hegartym@hallevans.com
ATTORNEYS FOR DEFENDANT
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CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE (CM/ECF)
I hereby certify that, on this 23rd day of February, 2018, I electronically filed the
foregoing RESPONSE TO PLAINTIFF’S MOTION PURSUANT TO FEDERAL RULE OF
CIVIL PROCEDURE 36(b) TO PERMIT ADMISSIONS TO BE WITHDRAWN OR
AMENDED FROM DEFENDANT with the Clerk of Court using the CM/ECF system,
which will send notification of such filing to the following email address:
Anthony Viorst, Esq.
VIORST LAW OFFICES, P.C.
tony@hssspc.com
Attorneys for Plaintiff
s/ Marlene Wilson, Legal Assistant to
Matthew J. Hegarty, Esq.
Thomas J. Lyons, Esq.
Hall & Evans, L.L.C.
1001 17th Street, Ste. 300
Denver, CO 80202
T: 303-628-3300
F: 303-628-3368
E: lyonst@hallevans.com
hegartym@hallevans.com
ATTORNEYS FOR DEFENDANT
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