HomeMy WebLinkAbout2023-cv-1341 - Erbacher v. City Of Fort Collins, et al. - 84 - Motion for Protective Order1
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLORADO
Civil Action No.: 23-cv-01341-CNS-NRN
CODY ERBACHER,
Plaintiff,
v.
CITY OF FORT COLLINS, and
JASON HAFERMAN,
Defendants.
JOINT DEFENDANTS’ MOTION FOR PROTECTIVE ORDER AND, IN
ALTERNATIVE, FOR ADDITIONAL BRIEFING AND A HEARING
Jason Haferman (“Defendant Haferman”), and the City of Fort Collins (“the City”)
(collectively “Defendants”), by and through their undersigned counsel of record, hereby
submit their Motion for Protective Order and, in alternative, Motion for Additional Briefing
and a Hearing and state as follows:
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO D.C.COLO.LCivR 7.1(a)
Undersigned counsel, Yulia Nikolaevskaya, conferred with Plaintiff’s counsel,
Sarah Schielke (“Ms. Schielke”) via email on November 22 and 25, 2024, concerning the
relief requested in this Motion. Plaintiff opposes the motion and Ms. Schielke indicated
that “[i]t is Plaintiff’s position that "any pleading, written motion, or other paper presented
to the Court” seeking to relitigate this issue by pretending that the sensitivity of the records
at issue is a new development would be a violation of FRCP 11, warranting sanctions.”
Plaintiff also added that "Plaintiff also states Defendant’s Motion appears violative of
Judge Neureiter’s Practice Standards re: Motions Practice and Discovery Disputes (“To
avoid unnecessary and expensive motions practice, a party may not file an opposed
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discovery motion without first complying with these discovery dispute procedures. Filing
a disputed discovery motion without permission from the Court may result in the motion
being stricken and the imposition of appropriate sanctions.”) (emphasis in original)."
RELEVANT FACTUAL BACKGROUND
Plaintiff has initiated a discovery dispute with the City pursuant to the City’s alleged
failure to produce certain documents requested via request for document production.
Parties have filed a joint discovery dispute statement, and this Court has held a discovery
dispute hearing as to the issues. See ECFs 80, 81. That hearing took place on November
21, 2024. At that hearing, the City indicated that it had located about 20 pages of
documents related to Defendant Haferman’s Worker’s Compensation claim. The City and
Defendant Haferman agreed to produce those documents for an in camera review. The
City indicated it was continuing to look for additional Worker’s Compensation records.
After the hearing, the City located over 100 pages of Worker’s Compensation records in
the possession of its outside Worker’s Compensation attorney. Those records include
Defendant Haferman’s sensitive, private and confidential mental health treatment
records from various medical providers. Based on the extremely sensitive nature of
those newly located records, Defendants seek the relief stated herein.
Defendants are seeking this relief and filing this Motion now because of the
deadline for records’ in-camera review production outlined in Judge Neureiter’s order
issued under ECF 81. The City has produced 20 pages of records, for in-camera review,
which were previously discussed with the Court during the discovery dispute hearing. The
newly discovered records are a different category of records, different from the category
of records discussed during the hearing. Because this Motion has been filed, the newly
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discovered records have not been produced for in-camera review.
LEGAL STANDARD
The proper scope of discovery is “any nonprivileged matter that is relevant to any
party's claim or defense and proportional to the needs of the case....” Fed. R. Civ. P.
26(b)(1). The trial court has discretion to grant a protective order pursuant to Rule 26(c)
of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Thomas v. Int'l Bus. Machines, 48 F.3d 478, 482
(10th Cir.1995). Rule 26(c) provides that, upon a showing of good cause, a court may
“issue an order to protect a party or person from annoyance, embarrassment, oppression,
or undue burden or expense,” which order may include forbidding disclosure or discovery.
Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(c)(1)(A).
DOCUMENTS AT ISSUE
Subsequent to the discovery hearing on November 21, 2024, the City was able to
locate additional Worker’s Compensation claim medical records related to Defendant
Haferman. These records were obtained from the City’s outside counsel, handling
Defendant Haferman’s Worker’s Compensation claim. The located medical records range
from 2019 to 2024 and are about 100 pages long. The records largely consist of records
from medical and mental health providers and include records of therapy sessions with
Defendant Haferman. All pertain to Defendant Haferman’s highly sensitive mental health
condition. These medical records were located after the discovery dispute hearing has
already occurred. Because these records were not located prior to the hearing, Defendant
Haferman did not have an opportunity to address these records with the Court. Defendant
Haferman is asking this Court for a Protective Order pursuant to Rule 26(c) which
provides that, upon a showing of good cause, a court may “issue an order to protect a
party or person from annoyance, embarrassment, oppression, or undue burden or
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expense.” Defendant Haferman requests this Court to shield these records from the City’s
production to Plaintiff based on Plaintiff’s discovery requests. Production of these records
to Plaintiff would cause Defendant Haferman additional mental health and physical harm
and would serve no purpose except continued “annoyance, embarrassment and
oppression.” In alternative, if the Court is not inclined to grant Defendant Haferman and
the City’s request based on this filing, Defendant Haferman and the City would, in the
alternative, request an additional briefing and the hearing with the Court to specifically
address these newly located records.
ARGUMENT
The records located by the City from its outside attorneys representing the City in
Defendant Haferman’s Worker’s Compensation claim pertain to Defendant Haferman’s
diagnosis/treatment of a sensitive mental health condition. Based on Plaintiff’s
representation, Plaintiff is seeking these records to support Plaintiff’s Monell claim against
the City. Plaintiff’s Monell claim against the City is based on Failure to Train and Supervise
theory a liability. See 1st Amended Complaint, Claim II. The treatment records related to
Defendant Haferman treatment/diagnosis for a mental health condition have no relevance
to Plaintiff’s failure to train/supervise claim against the City. Plaintiff cannot show that
suffering from, and later seeking treatment for this highly sensitive mental health
condition, is relevant to a failure to train and supervise claim related to an allegation of
arrest without probable cause for a DUI. Defendant Haferman’s highly sensitive mental
health condition and diagnosis/treatment records from 2019 to 2024 are NOT relevant to
Plaintiff’s Monell failure to train and supervise claim against the City or any claims against
Defendant Haferman.
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Moreover, these specific treatment medical records are also irrelevant because
these records do not contain any communication that Defendant Haferman had with the
City or City had with Defendant Haferman’s treatment providers. The medical records that
have been obtained from the attorneys representing the City in the Worker’s
Compensation case all pertain to Defendant Haferman’s treatment with medical
providers. These records were not in the actual possession of the City. The records were
in the possession of the City’s outside counsel in the context of representing the City in a
Worker’s Compensation claim. If Plaintiff is really trying to obtain evidence to show what
the City knew about former Officer Haferman’s mental health, these communications
between patient and medical providers are IRRELEVANT to Plaintiff’s claims.
Defendant Haferman had a reasonable expectation of privacy regarding these
newly located treatment records.1 In Jaffee v. Redmond, the Supreme Court recognized
a psychotherapist-patient privilege, holding that “confidential communications between a
licensed psychotherapist and [his or] her patients in the course of diagnosis or treatment
are protected from compelled disclosure under Rule 501 of the Federal Rules of
Evidence.” 518 U.S. 1, 16 (1996). Defendant Haferman has not waived any privilege and
has not put his mental health condition at issue.
Additionally, there are strong policy considerations which should protect an
individual’s privacy interest in protecting medical and mental health records. Defendant
1 This Court has previously noted the distinction between treatment records and records
related to evaluations for worker’s compensation and fitness for duty. Defendant
Haferman submits treatment records related to treatment he received within the Worker’s
Compensation system should not be produced. Defendant Haferman agrees the City
submitting Worker’s Compensation evaluations which were in the actual possession of
the City for an in camera review (the approximately 20 pages discussed during the
discovery dispute hearing on November 21, 2024).
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Haferman has a right of informational privacy arising under Colorado law. See Gateway
Logistics, Inc. v. Smay; 2013 CO 25 (Colo. 2013); In re Dist. Court, 256 P.3d 687 (Colo.
2011). Moreover, Defendant Haferman has a federally recognized right to informational
privacy and non-disclosure. See Whalen v. Roe, 429 U.S. 589, 599 & n.25 (1977) (right
to privacy includes both an “individual interest in avoiding disclosure of personal matters”
and “the right to be let alone”); Herring v. Keenan, 218 F.3d 1171, 1175 (10th Cir. 2000)
(Tenth Circuit “repeatedly interpreted the Supreme Court’s decision in Whalen ... as
creating a right to privacy in the nondisclosure of personal information”); Montgomery v.
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 185218, at *3-4 (S.D. Cal. Sept. 9, 2015)
(party seeking discovery invasive of privacy “must demonstrate a compelling need for
discovery” that outweighs the right to privacy, and showing of potential relevance is not
enough); JB v. Asarco, Inc., 225 F.R.D. 258, 262 (N.D. Okla. 2004) (“Discovery that
broadens the scope of the litigation and intrudes upon privacy rights should not be
permitted” unless there is a showing the need for disclosure outweighs the importance of
protecting privacy). Defendant Haferman has a constitutional right to privacy with respect
to his medical information. “There is no dispute that confidential medical information is
entitled to constitutional privacy protection.” A.L.A. v. West Valley City, 26 F.3d 989, 990
(10th Cir. 1994).
Asking for these records from the City is a fishing expedition by Plaintiff and cannot
overcome an irreparable and identifiable harm it will cause Defendant Haferman even if
these records are produced under the Protective Order and designated “Confidential”.
Defendant Haferman has been diagnosed and has been treated for highly sensitive
mental health condition. If these records are produced to Plaintiff, Defendant Haferman
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WILL suffer further embarrassment and oppression related to his mental health condition.
The information contained in the referenced medical treatment records includes
statements made in the course of therapy to medical providers to help these providers to
properly treat Defendant Haferman. This information is absolutely irrelevant to Plaintiff’s
failure to train and supervise claim or whether probable cause existed for Plaintiff’s arrest
and prosecution for a DUI. But production of these medical records, which are clearly
irrelevant to Plaintiff’s claims, is relevant to Defendant Haferman’s further mental health
wellbeing and physical health. As stated above, it will cause former Officer Haferman
further mental and physical harm.
CONCLUSION
As discussed above, the specific records of treatment sessions between
Defendant Haferman and his mental health providers are IRRELEVANT to any claims by
Plaintiff. If these highly sensitive treatment records are produced to Plaintiff, even under
the Protective Order currently in place, it will cause irreparable harm including emotional
and physical injury to Defendant Haferman. This Court should grant Defendant Haferman
and the City’s request and order the City not produce these records to Plaintiff pursuant
to discovery requests. In alternative, Defendant Haferman and the City ask this Court to
allow for additional briefing on this issue and to set a hearing on issues outlined in this
Motion.
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Dated this 25th day of November 2024.
SGR, LLC
/s/ Jonathan Abramson
Jonathan Abramson, Esq.
Yulia Nikolaevskaya, Esq.
3900 E. Mexico Ave., Suite 700
Denver, CO 80210
Telephone: 303-320-0509
Email: jabramson@sgrllc.com
jnikolaevskaya@sgrllc.com
Attorneys for Defendant Jason Haferman
HALL & EVANS
/s/ Mark Ratner
Mark Ratner, Esq.
1001 Seventeenth Street, Suite 300
Denver, CO 80202
Telephone: 303-628-3337
Email: ratnerm@hallevans.com
Attorney for Defendant City of Fort Collins
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CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I hereby certify that on the 25th day of November 2024, I electronically filed the
foregoing with the Clerk of Court using the CM/ECF system which will send notification of
such filing to the following e-mail addresses:
Sarah J. Schielke
The Life & Liberty Law Office
1055 Cleveland Avenue
Loveland, CO 80537
970-493-1980
Email: sarah@lifeandlibertylaw.com
ATTORNEY FOR PLAINTIFF
Robert Alan Weiner
Mark Scott Ratner
Hall & Evans LLC
1001 Seventeenth Street
Suite 300
Denver, CO 80202
303-293-3222
Email: weinerr@hallevans.com
ratnerm@hallevans.com
ATTORNEYS FOR CITY OF FORT COLLINS
By: s/James Reynolds
Paralegal
SGR, LLC
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