HomeMy WebLinkAboutJAX MERCANTILE COMPNAY PHASE 1 1200 NORTH COLLEGE - Filed GR-GEOTECHNICAL REPORT/SOILS REPORT -GEOTECHNICAL EXPLORATION REPORT
JAX MERCANTILE IMPROVEMENTS
FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
SOILOGIC # 09-1025
October 20, 2009
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Sologic, Inc.
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SOILOGIC
October 20, 2009
Jax Mercantile Company
c/o Shear Engineering Corporation
4836 South College Avenue, Suite 12
Fort Collins, Colorado 80525
Attn: Mr. Cody Geisendorfer
Re: Geotechnical Exploration Report
Jax Mercantile Improvements (1200 North College Avenue)
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic Project # 09-1025
Mr. Geisendorfer:
Soilogic, Inc. (Soilogic) personnel have completed the geotechnical subsurface
exploration you requested for the proposed Jax Mercantile addition and associated site
improvements to be constructed in Fort Collins, Colorado. The results of our subsurface
exploration and pertinent geotechnical engineering recommendations are included with
this report.
The subsurface materials encountered in the completed site borings consisted of a thin
mantle of topsoil and vegetation underlain by brown lean clay with varying amounts of
silt and sand. The lean clay was medium stiff to stiff in consistency near surface
becoming softer with depth and showed low swell potential at in situ moisture and
density conditions. The site lean extended to depths ranging from approximately 5%2 to 6
feet below ground surface and was underlain by brown sand with gravel. The sand and
gravel was medium dense to dense and extended to the bottom of boring at depths
ranging from approximately 10 to 15 feet below present site grades. Groundwater was
encountered in the completed site borings at a depth of approximately 6 feet below
ground surface at the time of drilling. Groundwater was measured at a depth of
approximately 5.5 feet below ground surface in borehole B-2 after the completion of
drilling.
Based on the subsurface conditions encountered, results of laboratory testing and type of
construction proposed, it is our opinion the proposed addition could be constructed with
Soilogic, Inc.
1435 Hilltop Circie a Windsor, CO 80550 • (970) 674-3430
PO Box 772716 a Steamboat Springs, CO •80477 0 (970) 276-2087
Jax Mercantile Improvements
Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic # 09-1025
2
conventional spread footing foundations bearing on medium stiff lean clay. The
reconditioned near surface site soils or properly placed and compacted fill could also be
used for support of the addition floor slab, exterior flatwork and site pavements. Soft
clay soils encountered with depth and the potential for uncontrolled backfill soils within
the addition area will require care during construction to help insure the addition footing
foundations and floor slab will be supported on like materials with suitable strength. If
more extensive zones of soft clay soils or uncontrolled fill are e3ncountered at the time of
excavation, some overexcavationlbackfill procedures may be required to redevelop
suitable foundation bearing and floor slab support. Other opinions and recommendations
concerning design criteria and construction details for the proposed site improvements
are included with this report. Pavement section design estimates for the widening of
North College Avenue and construction of Jerome are also included.
We appreciate the opportunity to be of service to you on this project. If you have any
questions concerning the enclosed information or if we can be of further assistance to you
in any way, please do not hesitate to contact us.
Very Truly Yours,
Soilogic, Inc.
Wo:
Prim
GEOTECHNICAL EXPLORATION REPORT
JAX MERCANTILE IMPROVEMENTS
FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
SOILOGIC # 09-1025
October 20, 2009
INTRODUCTION
This report contains the results of the completed geotechnical subsurface exploration for
the Jax Mercantile improvements to be constructed in Fort Collins, Colorado. The
purpose of our investigation was to describe the subsurface conditions encountered in the
completed site borings and develop the test data necessary to provide recommendations
concerning design and construction of the building `E' addition foundation and support of
the addition floor slab, site pavements and exterior flatwork. Pavement section design
options for the site are also included along with pavement section design estimates for the
widening of North College Avenue and the construction of Jerome. The conclusions and
recommendations outlined in this report are based on results of the completed field and
laboratory testing and our experience with subsurface conditions in this area.
PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION
We understand the proposed addition will have a plan area of approximately 3,000 square
feet. The addition is expected to be a single story wood frame structure constructed as
slab on grade consistent with the existing structure. Foundations loads for the structure
are expected to be light with continuous wall loads less than 3.5 kips per lineal foot and
individual column loads less than 75 kips. Paved drive and parking areas are anticipated
adjacent to the building as part of the proposed site improvements. Small grade changes
are anticipated to develop .finish site grades in the building and pavement areas.
SITE DESCRIPTION
The development site is located at 1200 North College Avenue in Fort Collins, Colorado.
At the time of our exploration, the proposed improvement areas were vegetated and
relatively flat with the maximum difference in ground surface elevation across the
addition and pavement areas estimated to be less than 3 feet. We understand some
excavation may have been completed previously in the proposed addition area. Evidence
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Fort Collins, Colorado
Soilogic # 09-1025
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of prior building construction was observed at the surface of the proposed addition area
by Soilogic personnel at the time of our site exploration.
SITE EXPLORATION
Field Exploration
To develop subsurface information for the proposed construction, a total of four (4) soil
borings were completed. Two (2) of the borings were completed in the area of the
proposed addition to a depth of approximately 15 feet below present site grades. Two (2)
additional borings were completed in the proposed drive/parking areas to a depth of
approximately 10 feet below ground surface. The boring locations were established in
the field by Soilogic personnel eased on the provided site plan and by pacing and
estimating angles and distances from identifiable site references. The boring locations
should be considered accurate only to the degree implied by the methods used to make
the field measurements. A diagram indicating the approximate boring locations is
included with this report. A graphic log of each of the auger borings is also included.
The test holes were advanced using 4-inch diameter continuous flight auger powered by a
truck -mounted CME-55 drill rig. Samples of the subsurface materials were obtained at
regular intervals using California and split -barrel sampling procedures in general
accordance with ASTM specification D-1.586. As part of the D-1586 sampling
procedure, standard sampling barrels are driven into the substrata using a 140 pound
hammer falling a distance of 30 inches.. The number of blows required to advance the
samplers a distance of 12 inches is recorded and helpful in estimating the consistency or
relative density of the soils encountered. In the California barrel sampling procedure,
lesser disturbed samples are obtained in removable brass liners. Samples ',of the
subsurface materials obtained in the field were sealed and returned to the laboratory for
further evaluation, classification and testing.
Laboratory Testing
The samples collected were tested in the laboratory to measure natural moisture content
and visually classified in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS).
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The USCS group symbols are indicated on the attached boring logs. An outline of the
USCS classification system is included with this report.
As part of the completed laboratory testing, a calibrated hand penetrometer (CHP) was
used to estimate the unconfined compressive strength of essentially cohesive specimens.
The CHP also provides a more reliable estimate of soil consistency than tactual
observation alone. Dry density, Atterberg limits, -200 wash and swell/consolidation tests
were completed on selected samples to help establish specific soil characteristics.
Atterberg limits tests are used to determine soil plasticity. The percent passing the #200
size sieve (-200 wash test) is used to determine the percentage of fine grained soils (clay
and silt) in a sample. Swell/consolidation tests are performed to evaluate soil volume
change potential with variation in moisture content. The results of the completed
laboratory tests are outlined on the attached boring logs and swell/consolidation summary
sheets.
SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS
The subsurface materials encountered in the completed site borings can be summarized as
follows. Approximately 3 to 6 inches of topsoil and vegetation was encountered at the
surface at the boring locations. The topsoil/vegetation was underlain by brown medium
stiff to stiff lean clay with varying amounts of silt and sand. The near surface lean clay
showed low swell potential at current moisture and density conditions. Softer lean clay
soils were encountered with depth in the completed site borings. The lean clay extended
to depths ranging from approximately 5 %2 to 6 feet below ground surface and was
underlain by brown sand with gravel. The sand and gravel was medium dense to dense
and extended to the bottom of boring at depths ranging from approximately 10 to 15 feet
below present site grades.
The stratigraphy indicated on the included boring logs represents the approximate
location of changes in soil types. Actual changes may be more gradual than those
indicated.
At the time of drilling, groundwater was encountered in the completed site borings at a
depth of approximately 6 feet below ground surface. Groundwater was measured in open
LI
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Fort Collins; Colorado
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borehole B-2 at a depth of approximately 5.5 feet below ground surface after the
completion of drilling. Groundwater levels will vary seasonally and over time based on
weather conditions, site development, irrigation practices and other hydrologic
conditions. Perched groundwater conditions may also be encountered at times
throughout the year. Perched water is commonly encountered in soils overlying less
permeable soil layers and/or bedrock. The location and amount of perched water can also
vary over time.
ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
General
Groundwater was encountered in the completed site borings at depths ranging from
approximately 5%Z to 6 feet below present site grades at the time of drilling. Soft and wet
lean clay soils with insufficient strength were encountered with depth in the completed
auger borings near current groundwater levels. Careful evaluation of the proposed
foundation bearing materials should be completed at the time of construction to help
insure the addition footing foundations will bear on like materials with suitable strength.
If more extensive zones of soft clay are encountered at that time, some
overexcavation/backfill procedures may be required.
We understand some excavation procedures may have previously been completed in the
proposed addition area. Backfill soils were not easily identifiable in the completed auger
borings at the time of drilling. Care should be taken at the time of construction to insure
the addition footing foundations, floor slab, exterior flatwork and site pavements will not
be supported on or immediately above uncontrolled backf ll soils. Uncontrolled Backfill
would need to be removed and replaced as controlled and compacted fill prior to
placement to any overlying improvements. The depth and extend of any
overexcavation/backfill procedures can best be established at the time of excavation
through openhole observation.
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Site Development
All existing topsoil and vegetation and previously placed backfill soils should be
completely removed from the addition, exterior flatwork and pavement areas. After
stripping and completing all cuts and any required removal procedures and. prior
placement of any fill, flatwork concrete or site pavements we recommend the exposed
subgrade soils be scarified to a depth of 9 inches, adjusted in moisture content and
compacted to at least 95% of the material's standard Proctor maximum dry density. The
moisture content of the scarified soils should be adjusted to be within the range of ±2% of
standard Proctor optimum moisture content at the time of compaction.
Fill soils required to develop the site should consist of approved, low volume change
soils free from organic matter, debris and other objectionable materials. Based on results
of the completed laboratory testing, it is our opinion the site sandy lean clay could be
used as fill in structural areas. The site sand and gravel could also be used as fill to
develop the site provided those materials are blended with the site lean clay in order to
reduce permeability. Fill soils should contain a minimum of 15% fines (material passing
the #200 size sieve) in order to reduce the potential of those materials to pond and
transmit water. If it is necessary to import material to the site for use as fill, those
materials should consist of approved low volume change and relatively impervious
materials free from organic matter, debris and other objectionable materials. The site
lean clay, clayey sand and gravel or similar materials should be placed in loose lifts not to
exceed 9 inches thick, adjusted in moisture content and compacted as recommended for
the scarified subgrade soils above.
Care should be taken to avoid disturbing reconditioned subgrades and site fill soils prior
to placement of any overlying improvements. Soils which are allowed to dry out or
become wet and softened or disturbed by the construction activities should be removed
and replaced or reworked in place prior to concrete placement and/or paving.
Foundations
Based on the materials encountered in the completed site borings and results of
laboratory testing, it is our opinion the proposed lightly loaded addition could be
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supported by continuous spread footing and isolated pad foundations bearing on the near
surface medium stiff to stiff lean clay. For design of footing foundations bearing on
undisturbed medium stiff lean clay, we recommend using a maximum net allowable soil
bearing pressure of 1500 psf. As a precaution, we recommend the footing foundations be
designed with a minimum dead load pressure of 500 psf. Careful observation of the
proposed foundation bearing materials should be completed at the time of construction to
insure all footing foundations will be supported on like materials with suitable strength.
For design of footing foundations and foundation walls to resist lateral movement, a
passive equivalent fluid pressure value of 250 pcf could be used.. The passive equivalent
fluid pressure value provided does not include an allowance for submerged conditions. A
coefficient of friction of 0.35 could be used between foundation concrete and the bearing
soils to resist sliding. The recommended passive equivalent fluid pressure value and
coefficient of friction do not include a factor of safety. For design of light pole bases
constructed as drilled concrete shafts, an allowable lateral soil bearing pressure of 100 pcf
could be used.
Exterior footings should bear a minimum of 30 inches below finished adjacent exterior
grade to provide frost protection. We recommend formed strip footings have a minimum
width of 12 inches and isolated pad foundations have a minimum width of 24 inches in
order to facilitate construction and reduce the potential for development of eccentrically
loaded footings. Actual footing widths should be designed by a structural engineer.
Voiding of portions of the footing foundations may be required to develop the minimum
recommended dead load pressures with the minimum footing widths outlined above.
The soft lean clay encountered with depth would be easily disturbed by the construction
activities. Disturbed soils or soils which are allowed to become wetted or dried prior to
foundation construction should be removed and replaced or reworked in place prior to
concrete placement.
We estimate settlement of footing foundations designed and constructed as outlined
above and resulting from the assumed structural loads would be less than 1 inch.
Differential settlement within the addition could approach the amount of total settlement
estimated above. Some differential movement should be anticipated between the existing
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structure and proposed addition. An allowance for some differential movement should be
included in the design.
Seismicity
Based on our review of the International Building Code (2006), a soil profile type D
could be used for the site strata. Based on our review of United States Geologic Survey
USES) mapped information, design spectral response acceleration values of SDs = .219
21.9%) and SDI = .093 (9.3%) could be used.
Floor Slabs
The addition floor slab could be supported directly on reconditioned natural site soils or
suitable fill or overexcavation/backfill soils developed as outlined in the "Site
Development" portion of this report. Use of a thin sand leveling course could be
considered beneath the floor slab to facilitate finish grading. A modulus of subgrade
reaction (k) value of 100 pci could be used for design of floor slabs supported on
moisture conditioned site lean clay.
Careful evaluation of the floor slab subgrades should be completed prior to concrete
placement. Subgrade materials that have been allowed to dry out or become wet and
softened should be removed and replaced or reconditioned in place prior to concrete
placement.
As a precaution, we recommend all partition walls supported immediately above the
addition floor slab be constructed as floating walls to help reduce the potential for
differential slab to foundation movement causing distress in upper sections of the
addition. Special attention to door framing, drywall and trim carpentry should be taken to
isolate those elements from the floor slab allowing for some differential foundation to
floor slab movement to occur without transmitting stresses to the overlying structure.
Depending on the type of floor covering and floor covering adhesive used in the addition
area, a vapor barrier may be required immediately beneath the floor slab. The unilateral
moisture release caused by placing concrete on an impermeable surface can increase slab
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curl. The amount of slab curl can be reduced by careful selection of an appropriate
concrete mix. Slab curl cannot be eliminated. We recommend the owner, architect and
flooring contractor consider the performance of the slab in conjunction with the proposed
flooring products to help determine if a vapor barrier will be required and where best to
position the vapor barrier in relation to the floor slab. Additional guidance and
recommendations concerning slab on grade design can be found in American Concrete
Institute (ACI) section 302.
Pavement and Exterior Flatwork Subgrades
Pavement and exterior flatwork subgrades should be develop as outlined in the "Site
Development" portion of this report. As a precaution, we recommend proof -rolling of
the pavement subgrades be completed to help identify areas of instability. Unstable areas
would need to be mended prior to paving.
Care should be taken to avoid disturbing the reconditioned subgrades and placed fill or
overexcavahon/backfill soils prior to placement of site pavements and exterior flatwork.
In addition, efforts to maintain the proper moisture content in the subgrade soils shouldRbemade. If subgrade soils are disturbed by the construction activities or allowed to dry
out or become elevated in moisture content, those materials should be reworked in place
or removed and replaced prior to paving and/or concrete placement.
Site Pavements
Site pavements could be supported directly on the suitable subgrade soils developed as
outlined above. The site lean clay would be subject to low remolded shear strength. A
resistance value (R-value) of 5 was estimated for the lean clay subgrade soils and used in
the pavement section design. Traffic loading on site pavements is expected to consist of
areas of both low volumes of automobiles and light trucks as well as areas of higher light
vehicle traffic volumes and heavier trash and delivery trucks. Equivalent 18-kip single
axle loads (ESAL's) were estimated for the quantity of site traffic anticipated. Two (2)
general pavement design classifications are outlined below in Table I. Standard duty
pavements could be considered in automobile drive and parking areas. Heavy duty
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pavements should be considered for access drives and other areas of the site expected to
receive higher traffic volumes or heavy delivery or trash truck traffic.
Depending on the time of year when construction occurs, stabilization of the subgrade
soils may become necessary to develop a suitable paving platform. If required, we
recommend consideration be given to stabilization of the pavement subgrades with class
C fly ash. With the increase in support strength developed by the fly ash stabilization
procedures, it is our opinion some credit for the stabilized zone could be included in the
pavement section design reducing the required thickness of overlying asphaltic concrete
and aggregate base course. Pavement section design options incorporating structural
credit for stabilized subgrade soils are outlined below. Fly ash stabilization can eliminate
some of the uncertainty associated with attempting to pave during periods of inclement
weather.
TABLE I — ON SITE PAVEMENT SECTION DESIGN _
Standard Duty Heavy Du
Option A -Composite
Asphaltic Concrete (Grading S or SX) 4" 5"
Aggre ate Base Class 5 or 6 6;, g„
Option B — Composite on Stabilized Subgrade
Asphaltic Concrete (Grading S or SX) 3" 4"
Aggregate Base (Class 5 or 6) 4" 6"
Fly Ash Stabilized Sub de 12" 12"
Option C - Portland Cement Concrete Pavement
PCCP 5" 6"
Asphaltic concrete should consist of a bituminous plant mix composed of a mixture of
aggregate, filler, binders and additives if required meeting the design requirements of the
City of Fort Collins. Aggregate used in the asphaltic concrete mix should meet specific
gradation requirements such as Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) grading
S (3/4 inch minus) or SX (1/2 inch minus) specifications. Hot mix asphalt designed using
Superpave" criteria should be compacted to within 92% to 96% at the material's
maximum theoretical density (Rice value).
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Aggregate base should be consistent with CDOT requirements for Class 5 or Class 6
base, and compacted to at least 95% of the materials standard Proctor maximum dry
density.
If fly ash stabilization procedures will be completed, we recommend the addition of 13%
class C fly ash based on component dry unit weights. A 12-inch thick stabilized zone
should be constructed by thoroughly blending the fly ash with the in -place subgrade soils.
Some "fluffing" of the finish subgrade level should be expected with the stabilization
procedures. The blended materials should be adjusted to within f2% of standard Proctor
optimum moisture content and compacted to at least 95% of the material's standard
Proctor maximum dry density within two (2) hours of the addition of fly ash.
For areas subjected to truck turning movements and/or concentrated and repetitive
loading such as dumpster or truck parking and loading areas, we recommend
consideration be given to the use of a Portland. cement concrete pavement with a
minimum thickness of 6 inches. The concrete used for site pavements should be air
entrained and have a minimum 28-day compressive strength of 4,000 psi. Woven wire
mesh or fiber entrained concrete should be considered to help in the control of shrinkage
cracking.
The proposed pavement section designs do not include an allowance for excessive
loading conditions imposed by heavy construction vehicles or equipment. Heavily
loaded concrete or other building material trucks and construction equipment can cause
some localized distress to site pavements. The recommended pavement sections are
minimums and periodic maintenance efforts should be expected. A preventative
maintenance program can help increase the service life of site pavements.
North College Avenue and Jerome
At this time we understand widening of North College Avenue and construction of a
portion of Jerome may be completed as part of the proposed off -site improvements.
Additional subsurface exploration and a final pavement section design would be required
after development of approximate finish subgrade levels for the roadways. In newly
constructed roadway areas (Jerome) City of Fort Collins guidelines require that sanitary
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sewer be installed and the roadway developed to approximate finish subgrade level prior
to drilling.
Preliminary pavement section design estimates are outlined below in Table II based on
discussions with City of Fort Collins personnel. The pavement sections outlined for
North College Avenue are based on a final pavement section design completed for the
City of Fort Collins. The pavement sections outlined for Jerome are based on traffic
loading provided by the City of Fort Collins.
TABLE II — PAVEMENT SECTION DESIGN ESTIMATES _relmin. _ Onl
North College Jerome
Avenue
Option A — Match Existing
Asphaltic Concrete (Grading S) 3 ``/z"
Portland Cement Concrete Pavement 8"
Aggregate Base (Class 5 or 6) 6"
Swell Mitigation Zone
Option B — Composite
Asphaltic Concrete (Grading S) 8" 5'/z"
Aggregate Base (Class 5 or 6) 8'/z" 11"
Option C - Portland Cement Concrete Pavement
Portland Cement Concrete Pavement 11" 6`/<"
Aggregate Base (Class 5 or 6) 6"
The City of Fort Collins anticipates swell mitigation procedures will be required for
the referenced portion of North College Avenue. Approximately 2 to 3 feet of
overexcavation/backfill procedures or twelve (12) inches of fly ash treatment could be
considered for preliminary estimates. Expansive soils were not encountered in the area of
boring B-1 completed adjacent to Jerome such that we do not expect swell mitigation
procedures would be required to develop low volume change potential subgrade soils in
this area.
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Retaining Wall Design and Construction
At this time we understand retaining walls may be constructed in order to develop a
detention pond area for this site. The exact location of the detention pond was not known
at the time of drilling such that site specific borings were not completed in the retaining
wall area. Careful observation of the retaining wall foundation bearing materials should
be completed at the time of construction to insure the retaining wall will be supported on
materials with suitable strength. If soft clay soils are encountered at foundation bearing
level, some overexcavation/backfill procedures may be required.
For design of retaining wall footing foundations bearing on natural undisturbed medium
stiff lean clay or medium dense sand and gravel, we recommend using a maximum net
allowable soil bearing pressure of 1,500 psf.
Care will be needed to avoid disturbing retaining wall foundation bearing materials prior
to concrete placement. Foundation bearing materials disturbed by the construction
activities should be removed and replaced or reworked in place prior to foundation
construction.
Retaining wall footing foundations should bear a minimum of 30 inches below shallowest
adjacent grade to provide frost protection. Depending on the depth of the detention pond,
some dewatering of the retaining wall foundation excavations may be required during
construction. We recommend weep holes or other appropriate drainage systems be
installed on the retained soil side of the wall to reduce the potential for development of
unbalanced hydrostatic loads.
Retaining wall backfill should consist of approved low volume change and essentially
granular materials free from organic matter and debris. Materials consistent with
Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) class 7 specifications could be used as
retaining wall backfill. The site sand and gravel could also be considered for use as
retaining wall backfill. Retaining wall backfill should be placed in loose lifts not to
exceed 9 inches thick, adjusted in moisture content and compacted to at least 95% of the
materials standard Proctor maximum dry density. The moisture content of the backfill
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soils should be adjusted to within f2% of standard Proctor optimum moisture content at
the time of compaction.
Excessive lateral stresses can be imposed on retaining walls during backfilling when
using heavier mechanical compaction equipment. We recommend compaction of
retaining wall backfill be completed using light mechanical or hand compaction
equipment.
For design of retaining walls protected from hydrostatic loading and backfilled with
select granular fill, we recommend using an angle of internal friction of 0=30' and active
equivalent fluid pressure value of 40 pounds per cubic foot in addition to any surcharge
loads. The equivalent fluid pressure value outlined above is based on an active stress
distribution analysis in which some rotation of the retaining wall is assumed. Lateral
movement of retaining walls would be resisted by passive earth pressures and frictional
resistance between the retaining wall foundation and bearing soils. A passive equivalent
fluid pressure value of 250 pcf could be used for that portion of the wall extending below
grade and above seasonal high groundwater. A passive equivalent fluid pressure value of
120 pcf could be used for submerged conditions. A coefficient of friction of 0.35 could
be used for sliding resistance between foundation concrete and bearing soils.
The equivalent fluid pressure values, angle of internal friction and coefficient of friction
parameters outlined above do not include a factor of safety. Surcharge loads on the
retained soil side of the walls or point loads developed in the wall backfill can add to the
lateral forces on retaining walls. If parking areas will be constructed at the top of the
retained soil side of the wall, surcharge loads from vehicles should be included in the
design.
Drainage
Positive drainage is imperative for long term performance of the proposed addition and
associated site improvements. We recommend positive drainage be developed away
from the addition with twelve (12) inches of fall in the first 10 feet away from the
addition during construction and throughout the life of the site improvements. Shallower
slopes could be considered in hardscape areas. In the event that some settlement of the
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addition backfill soils occurs over time, the original grade and associated positive
drainage outlined above should be immediately restored. Care should be taken in the
planning of landscaping to avoid features which could result in the fluctuation of the
moisture content of the foundation bearing and flatwork and pavement subgrade soils.
We recommend watering systems be placed a minimum of 5 feet away from the
perimeter of the proposed addition and be designed to discharge away from all site
improvements. Gutter systems should be considered to help reduce the potential for
water ponding adjacent to the addition with the gutter downspouts, roof drains or
scuppers extended to discharge a minimum of 5 feet away from structural, flatwork and
pavement elements. Water which is allowed to pond adjacent to site improvements can
result in unsatisfactory performance of those improvements over time.
LIMITATIONS
This report was prepared based upon the data obtained from the .completed site
exploration, laboratory testing, engineering analysis and any other information discussed.
The completed borings provide an indication of subsurface conditions at the boring
locations only. Variations in subsurface conditions can occur in relatively short distances
away from the borings. This report does not reflect any variations which may occur
across the site or away from the borings. If variations in the subsurface conditions
anticipated become evident, the geotechnical engineer should be notified immediately so
that further evaluation and supplemental recommendations can be provided.
The scope of services for this project does not include either specifically or by
implication any biological or environmental assessment of the site or identification or
prevention of pollutants or hazardous materials or conditions. Other studies should be
completed if concerns over the potential of such contamination or pollution exist.
The geotechnical engineer should be retained to review the plans and specifications so
that comments can be made regarding the interpretation and implementation of our
geotechnical recommendations in the design and specifications. The geotechnical
engineer should also be retained to provide testing and observation services during
construction to help determine that the design requirements are fulfilled.
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This report has been prepared for the exclusive use of our client for specific application
to the project discussed and has been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted
standard of care for the profession. No warranties express or implied, are made. The
conclusions and recommendations contained in this report should not be considered valid
in the event that any changes in the nature, design or location of the project as outlined in
this report are planned, unless those changes are reviewed and the conclusions of this
report modified and verified in writing by the geotechnical engineer.
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