HomeMy WebLinkAboutHARVEST PARK - Filed SER-SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION REPORT - (2)OCT 1 C 2000
SOILS AND FOUNDATION INVESTIGATION
BRIDGE ACROSS MCCLELLAND CHANNEL
AT LARIMER COUNTY ROAD 9
FORT COLLINS, COLORADO
Prepared For:
THE WRITER CORPORATION
Northern Colorado Division
5200 Hahns Peak Drive
Suite 160
Loveland, Colorado 80538
Attention: Mr. Jim Burczyk
Job No. FC-1606
October 13, 2000
CTL/THOMPSON, INC.
CONSULTING ENGINEERS
375 E HORSETOOTH RD THE SHORES OFFICE PARK BLDG 3, SUITE 100 FT COLLINS, CO 80525
970)206-9455
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SCOPE 1
SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS 1
SITE CONDITIONS 1
PREVIOUS AND CONCURRENT INVESTIGATIONS 2
PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION 2
SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS 3
SITE DEVELOPMENT 4
BRIDGE FOUNDATION 5
Drilled Piers Bottomed in Bedrock 5
Footing Foundations 8
LATERAL LOADS ON PIERS 8
ABUTMENTS AND WING WALLS 9
Foundations 9
Excavations 10
Backfill 11
Dewatering 11
CONCRETE 11
LIMITATIONS 12
FIG. 1 - LOCATIONS OF EXPLORATORY BORINGS
FIG. 2 - SUMMARY LOGS OF EXPLORATORY BORES
FIG. 3 - SWELL-CONSOLIDATION TEST RESULTS
FIG. 4 - GRADATION TEST RESULTS
FIG. 5 -TYPICAL EARTH RETAINING WALL DRAIN DETAIL
TABLE 1 - SUMMARY OF LABORATORY TEST RESULTS
THE WRITER CORPORATION
BRIDGE ACROSS McCLELLAND CHANNEL AT LARIMER COUNTY ROAD 9
CTLIT JOB NO.FC-1606
SCOPE
This report presents the results of our Soils and Foundation Investigation for
the proposed bridge across McClelland Channel at Larimer County Road 9 (Ziegler
Road) in Fort Collins, Colorado. The report includes descriptions of the subsoil and
ground water conditions found in our exploratory borings, discussions of foundation
alternatives and design criteria for the bridge, and our opinions regarding the
influence of the subsoils on design and construction. Our report was prepared from
data developed during our field and laboratory investigations, engineering analysis
and our experience.
The recommendations presented in this report are based on the proposed
construction as we understand it is currently planned. We should be contacted to
review our recommendations if plans change. A summary of our findings and
conclusions is presented below. Recommendations and criteria for design and
construction are presented in the report.
SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS
1.Strata found in our borings generally consisted of 7 to 12 feet of sandy
clay and 0 to 3 feet of slightly clayey sand with gravel underlain by
interbedded claystone/sandstone bedrock to the maximum depth
explored of 25 feet. A layer of sandy clay fill was encountered in TH-2
from 0 to 5 feet. Ground water was measured at depths of 12 feet in
TH-1 and 13 feet in TH-2 respectively).4894 and 4895 feet, res P Y).
2.The bridge can be founded with drilled piers bottomed in bedrock or
with footing foundations. Due to ground water on conditions,
temporary casing of the piers may be necessary. Footings will need
to be protected from scour. Design and construction criteria are
presented in the report.
SITE CONDITIONS
The bridge site is located on Larimer County Road 9 (Ziegler Road) at the
McClelland Channel (about 800 feet north of Larimer County Road 36) in Fort Collins,
THE WRITER CORPORATION
BRIDGE ACROSS McCLELLAND CHANNEL AT LARIMER COUNTY ROAD 9
CTUT JOB NO.FC-1606
Colorado (Fig. 1). At the time of our investigation, County Road 9 was a dirt and
gravel road over an existing steel culvert at McClelland Channel. Grading and road
construction were in progress on County Road 9 in the vicinity of the channel and
utility installation had recently been completed across County Road 9 just north of
the channel. McClelland Channel was flowing at a light volume from west to east.
The channel banks were moderately vegetated with native grasses, bushes and
deciduous trees. An irrigation ditch runs northeast from the north side of the
channel east of County Road 9. Land to the east of County Road 9 at the proposed
bridge location was primarily agricultural fields or pasture. West and south of the
channel crossing, site grading was in progress for Sage Creek Subdivision.
PREVIOUS AND CONCURRENT INVESTIGATIONS
CTL/Thompson, Inc. performed a Subgrade Investigation and Pavement
Design for Larimer County Road 9 at Rock Creek Drive (CTL/T Job No. FC-1607;
report dated September 15, 2000). We also performed a Soils and Foundation
Investigation for Harvest Park Subdivision, Block 7 (CTL/T Job No. FC-1471; report
dated August 17, 2000). We are also performing a Soils and Foundation Investigation
for Harvest Park Subdivision, Block 9 (CTL/T Job No. FC-1604). Data from these
investigations was considered in the preparation of this report.
PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION
We believe the proposed bridge will be a three-sided concrete box culvert.
We understand the preferred foundation system for the bridge and associated
structures is a footing foundation bearing on structural fill below frost and scour
depth. We believe the bridge could also be founded with a drilled pier foundation.
We have provided geotechnical criteria for drilled piers bottomed in bedrock and for
a footing foundation.
Larimer County Road 9 and the approaches to the bridge will be paved.
Abutments and wing walls will act as retaining walls. The channel flowing will be at
an approximate elevation of 4899.8 feet. We anticipate foundation loads will be light
THE WRITER CORPORATION
BRIDGE ACROSS McCLELLAND CHANNEL AT LARIMER COUNTY ROAD 9
2CTLJTJOBNO.FC-1606
to moderate. Cuts and fills are anticipated to be minor in the vicinity of the proposed
bridge.
SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS
Subsurface conditions were investigated by drilling two exploratory borings
at the approximate locations shown on Fig. 1. The borings were advanced using a
truck-mounted drill rig and 4-inch diameter, continuous flight auger. Drilling
operations were observed by our field representative who logged the soils and
obtained samples. The samples were returned to our laboratory where they were
visually classified and samples were selected for testing. Graphical logs of the soils
and bedrock encountered in the borings and results of field penetration resistance
tests are presented on Fig. 2.
Strata found in our borings generally consisted of 7 to 12 feet of sandy clay
and 0 to 3 feet of slightly clayey sand and gravel underlain by interbedded
claystone/sandstone bedrock to the maximum depth explored of 25 feet. A layer of
sandy clay fill was encountered in TH-2 from 0 to 5 feet. Ground water was
encountered during drilling at a depth of 25 feet in TH-1 and 6 feet in TH-2. When the
borings were checked several days after drilling, ground water was measured at
depths of 12 feet in TH-1 and 13 feet in TH-2 (elevation 4894 and 4895 feet,
respectively).
Field penetration tests indicated the fill and clays were medium stiff to stiff,
the sands and gravels were medium dense, and the bedrock was medium hard to
very hard. One sample of clay fill exhibited an unconfined compressive strength of
6000 psf, a liquid limit of 45 percent and a plasticity index of 30 percent with 85
percent silt and clay-sized particles (passing the No. 200 sieve). A sample of natural
clay had a liquid limit of 43 percent and a plasticity index of 28 percent with 80
percent silt and clay-sized particles. Two samples of bedrock exhibited low swell (1.3
and 1.6 percent) when wetted under an applied pressure of 1,000 psf. Two samples
of bedrock exhibited unconfined compressive strengths of 13,600 and 17,700 psf. A
sample of the bedrock had a liquid limit of 51 percent and plasticity index of 35
THE WRITER CORPORATION
BRIDGE ACROSS McCLELLAND CHANNEL AT LARIMER COUNTY ROAD 9
CTLJT JOB NO.FC-1606 3
percent with 95 percent silt and clay-sized particles. The bedrock is approximately
5 to 7 feet below the channel flowline (elevation 4894 in TH-1 and 4893 in TH-2).
Laboratory test results are presented on Figs. 3 and 4 and summarized in Table I.
SITE DEVELOPMENT
Our borings indicate the soils excavated at elevations above the channel
flowline will be predominantly sandy clays. The interbedded claystone/sandstone
was predominantly medium hard to hard. No cemented zones were encountered in
our borings. We anticipate excavation of these soils can be done with conventional
excavating and earth-moving equipment. We anticipate conventional drilling
equipment will be adequate for the construction of drilled piers.
Excavations should be sloped or braced to maintain stable excavation slopes
and meet applicable local, state and federal safety regulations. We believe the clays
encountered in our borings will classify as Type B soils (under dry conditions)
according to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards
governing excavations published by the Department of Labor. OSHA recommends
a minimum slope of 1:1 (horizontal:vertical) for Type B soils. Based on our
measurements, ground water was encountered at an approximate elevation of 4895
feet. Clays, sands and gravels, and bedrock below this elevation will likely classify
as Type C soils (under wet conditions). OSHA requires a minimum slope of 1.5:1 for
Type C soils. These preliminary soil classifications are based on materials
encountered in our exploratory borings. The contractor's responsible person should
evaluate the soils exposed in excavations as part of the contractor's safety
procedures. Soils removed from an excavation should not be stockpiled at the edge
of the excavation. We recommend all vehicles and excavated soils be kept at a
minimum distance from the top of the excavation equal to at least one-half the depth
of the excavation. The exposed slope faces should be protected from the elements.
borings at aGroundwaterwasmeasuredinourdepth of 12 to 13 feet belowg
the existing ground surface (an approximate elevation of 4895 feet). We anticipate
excavations for foundations will be near measured ground water levels for the
THE WRITER CORPORATION
BRIDGE ACROSS McCLELLAND CHANNEL AT LARIMER COUNTY ROAD 9
4CTLJTJOBNO.FC-1606
construction planned. If groundwater is encountered during excavation and
construction, temporary dewatering may be necessary.
Construction dewatering to depths of 3 to 4 feet below ground water can likely
be accomplished by sloping excavations to sumps and removing the water by
pumping or creating gravity outlets. The sumps should be several feet below the
bottom of the excavations so that water is pumped down through the soils rather
than up through the bottom of the excavation which can decrease the soil support
capacity. Stabilization of the subgrade soils may also be necessary to allow
construction to continue. This can be accomplished by crowding clean crushed rock
into the subgrade soils until a firm surface is achieved.
BRIDGE FOUNDATION
We have considered two types of foundations for the bridge, including drilled
piers bottomed in bedrock and spread footings. The relatively shallow ground water
may make the installation of drilled piers difficult and costly, requiring the use of
temporary casing and/or dewatering.
Our investigation indicates the proposed bridge structures will bottom in
sandy clay and clayey sand and gravel. The sandy clays are medium stiff to stiff at
foundation level and are expected to be low-swelling. Footing foundations bearing
below the zone of probable scour are an alternative. Relatively shallow ground water
may create the need for dewatering of footing excavations. Stabilization of some
areas of soft subgrade soils may be necessary to allow access with construction
equipment. Footing foundations must be protected from scour.
Design and construction criteria for drilled piers bottomed in bedrock and for
footing foundations are presented below.
Drilled Piers Bottomed in Bedrock
1.Piers bottomed in bedrock should be designed for a maximum
allowable end pressure of 25,000 psf and an allowable skin friction
value of 2,500 psf for the portion of the pier in bedrock.
THE WRITER CORPORATION
BRIDGE ACROSS McCLELLAND CHANNEL AT LARIMER COUNTY ROAD 9
CTUT JOB NO.FC-1606 5
C-Caj3
2. We recommend designinggg the piers for a minimum deadload pressureof5,000 psf or as high as practical based on the pier cross-sectionalarea. If the minimum deadload pressure cannot be achieved, pierlengthandbedrockpenetrationshouldbeincreasedtocompensatefor
the deficiency, using a skin friction value of 2,500 psf for upliftresistance.
3.Piers should penetrate at least 6 feet into relatively unweatheredbedrock. Piers should have a minimum length of at least 18 feet.
Longer piers may be necessary to achieve proper bedrock penetration.
4.Shear rings should be installed (using a side tooth) in the lower portionofallpierstohelpresistupliftforcesduetoswellingpressures. We
recommend provision of shear rings which extend 2 to 4 inches
beyond the nominal pier diameter to increase the load transfer through
skin friction. The shear rings should be spaced about 2 feet on centerforthelower6feetofpierinbedrock.
5.Pier drilling should produce shafts with relatively undisturbed bedrockexposed. Excessive remolding and caking of bedrock on pier wallsshouldberemoved.
6.Piers should be reinforced their full length and the reinforcement
should extend into wing wall and abutment structures. To calculate the
minimum reinforcement required, we recommend assuming an upliftequalto2,500 psf applied to the upper 12 feet of pier, minus thedeadload. In addition, a minimum steel ratio of 0.007 of the pier areausingGrade60steelisrecommended. These steel requirements for
potential uplift due to swelling are not considered additive to other
steel requirements to resist structural loads such as bending or shear.More reinforcement may be required because of structural
considerations.
7.There should be a 4-inch continuous void beneath the grade beams,between the piers, to concentrate the deadload of the structures ontothepiers.
8.Piers should have a center-to-center spacing of at least 3 pierdiameterswhendesigningforverticalloadingconditions, or theyshouldbedesignedasagroup. Piers aligned in the direction of lateral
forces should have a center-to-center spacing of at least 8 pierdiameters. Reductions for laterally loaded piers spaced closer than 8
diameters are discu ssed in the following section. If it is necessaryto
have piers in close proximity,please call so that we may providedesigncriteriaforpiergroups.
THE WRITER CORPORATION
BRIDGE ACROSS McCLELLAND CHANNEL AT LARIMER COUNTY ROAD 9CTLTJOBNO.FC-1606
6
9.Quantity and size of column reinforcement may dictate the most
convenient size of drilled piers. Economy can be achieved by varying
the pier length and limiting the number of pier sizes. We recommend
a minimum pier diameter of 20 inches based on the loads anticipated.
10. Piers should be carefully cleaned prior to placement of concrete.
Concrete should be on-site and placed in the pier holes immediately
after the holes are drilled, cleaned and inspected, using a drill and pour
construction procedure. Ground water was encountered in our
borings. If ground water is encountered during drilling, temporary
casing or a tremie pipe may be required for proper cleaning,
dewatering and placement of concrete during pier installation.
Concrete should not be placed in pier holes containing more than 3
inches of water.
11. If casing or pumped/tremie concrete placement is required, we
recommend the use of high slump concrete, 6 inches (± 1 inch) to
provide proper consolidation of the concrete and reduce the
probability of concrete arching or hanging on the side of the casing
and/or reinforcing steel. The concrete should be designed for the
specified strength at the higher slump. At least 5 feet of concrete
should be maintained above the ground water level prior to (and
during) casing/tremie removal. Casing into the load bearing skin
friction zone is not recommended, since casing installation and
removal can reduce the friction capacity.
12. Some pier drilling contractors use casing with an O.D. equal to the
specified pier diameter. This results in a pier diameter less than
specified, typically on the order of 2 inches smaller in diameter. The
design and specification of piers should consider the alternatives. If
full size casing is desired (I.D. of casing equal to specified pier
diameter) it should be clearly specified. If design considers the
potential reduction in diameter, then the specification should include
a tolerance for a smaller diameter for cased piers.
13. Some movement of the drilled pier foundation is anticipated to
mobilize the skin friction. We estimate this movement to be on the
order of 1/4 to 1/2 inch. Differential movement may be equal to the total
movement.
14. The installation of the drilled pier foundations should be observed by
a representative of our firm to confirm the piers are bottomed in the
proper bearing strata and to observe the contractor's installation
procedures.
THE WRITER CORPORATION
BRIDGE ACROSS McCLELLAND CHANNEL AT LARIMER COUNTY ROAD 9
CTLJT JOB NO. FC-1606 7
Footing Foundations
1.Footings should bear on undisturbed natural soils, bedrock or properly
compacted structural fill. Where soils are loosened during the
excavation or in the forming process for the footings, they should be
removed and replaced with on-site soils compacted to at least 95
percent of maximum standard Proctor dry density (ASTM D 698)within
0 to 3 percent of optimum moisture content prior to placing concrete.
2. We understand 11/2 inch crushed rock (COOT No. 4 or No. 57 coarse
aggregate) is proposed for use as stabilization and structural fill below
footings. We believe CDOT No. 4 or No. 57 aggregate is a suitable
structural fill material. It should be placed in 8 inch lifts and
compacted with a vibratory compactor. The structural fill should
extend at least 4 feet beyond the edge of footings and slope down from
that point at a 1:1 slope (horizontal:vertical). If crushed rock is used
to stabilize the soils in contact with the foundation, adjustment of the
coefficient of friction against sliding (given in a following section
ABUTMENTS AND WING WALLS) may be necessary.
3. The footings should be designed for a maximum allowable soil
pressure of 2,500 psf.
4.Footings should have a minimum width of 2 feet. Isolated column pads
should be at least 30 inches square. Larger sizes may be required
depending upon the loads and structural system used.
5.Footings should bear below the zone of probable scour, or be
protected from scour. The soils under the footings should be
protected from the effects of scour.
6.Footings should be protected from frost action. Normally, 3 feet of
frost cover is assumed in the Fort Collins area.
7. The completed foundation excavations should be inspected by our firm
prior to placing concrete to verify subsurface conditions are as
anticipated from our borings. Placement of backfill should be
observed and tested.
LATERAL LOADS ON PIERS
We believe footings are the preferred foundation type. If piers are ultimately
chosen, please call and we will provide the needed criteria for lateral load analysis.
THE WRITER CORPORATION
BRIDGE ACROSS McCLELLAND CHANNEL AT LARIMER COUNTY ROAD 9
CTL/T JOB NO.FC-1606
1;43
ABUTMENTS AND WING WALLS
Foundations. Wing walls should be founded with a system similar to the
bridge. Wing walls for the bridge can be founded with footings bearing on the natural
soils or densely compacted (95 percent of ASTM D 698) structural fill and designed
for a maximum soil bearing pressure of 2,500 psf. The footings should be placed
sufficiently deep to protect against frost (36 inches) and scour (depends on
hydraulics of the channel). The lateral loads acting on abutment and wing walls are
primarily dependent on the height of wall, backfill configuration and backfill type. For
the purposes of design, we have assumed the backfill will be on-site or similar soils.
For abutment and wing walls which will be restrained from rotation, we recommend
the walls be designed to resist the "at rest" earth pressure condition. For backfill
similar to the on-site soils, we recommend an "at rest" earth pressure corresponding
to an equivalent fluid density of 50 pcf. A coefficient of friction of 0.30 may be used
to calculate sliding resistance between foundation concrete and the native soils. If
crushed rock is used to stabilize the subgrade soils under the footings, a coefficient
of friction of 0.40 may be used to calculate sliding resistance.
For abutment and wing walls which are free to rotate to develop the shear
strength of the backfill, with the associated settlement and cracking of the ground
surface behind the walls, we believe the "active" earth pressure can be used. For
backfill similar to the on-site soils, we recommend an "active" equivalent fluid
pressure of 40 pcf. A "passive" earth pressure equivalent fluid density of 240 pcf is
suggested for the native soils used as backfill and 350 pcf for granular compacted
fill, provided the soils providing the resistance cannot be removed. Walls which are
free to rotate to develop the shear strength of the backfill should be designed for
deflections of 0.001 times the height of the wall for granular backfill and 0.004 times
the height of the walls for cohesive backfill, and should be battered back accordingly.
A moist unit weight of 125 pcf can be used for fill or native soils.
The pressures given above do not include allowances for surcharge loads
such as sloping backfill, vehicle traffic, or excessive hydrostatic pressure. To reduce
THE WRITER CORPORATION
BRIDGE ACROSS McCLELLAND CHANNEL AT LARIMER COUNTY ROAD 9
9CTLTTJOBNO.FC-1606
the hydrostatic pressure,we recommend a gravel drain behind the wing walls. Weep
holes could be used to drain water through the wing walls. The drain should consist
of at least 12 inches of clean, well-graded sand and gravel (e.g. 50 percent fine
concrete aggregate mixed with 50 percent coarse concrete aggregate) backfill against
the back of the wall to within 2 feet of the ground surface. The top 2 feet should be
compacted clays. Weep holes should be at least 4 inches in diameter and spaced 10
feet on-center with no less than three weep holes provided per wall. The back of the
weep holes should be protected from clogging and should be screened to prevent
drain material from falling out of the weep holes. A manufactured drain such as
Miradrain could be substituted for the drain gravel. Manufactured drains should be
installed following the manufacturer's recommendations. A typical earth retaining
wall drain detail is shown on Fig. 5.
Excavations. Our exploratory borings indicate the soils that will likely be
excavated will be sands, clays, and claystones. We anticipate that weathered
bedrock will be penetrated by excavations for wingwalls and a headwall. For the
most part, we believe excavation can be done with backhoes or conventional
earthmoving equipment. We do not anticipate blasting will be required.
Excavation sides will need to be sloped or braced. The soils across the site
vary. We judge that the claystones encountered in our borings are Type A, the clays
are Type B and the sands are Type C soils as defined by the OSHA publication,
Construction Standard for Excavations". The Type A sands will control the
excavation slopes, since they underlie the clays. The publication indicates maximum
allowable slopes of 1.5:1 (horizontal:vertical) for Type C soils. In shallower
excavations where only Type B soils are exposed, 1:1 (h:v) slopes are permitted by
the OSHA standards. OSHA requires the contractor employ a competent person to
classify soils for determination of the appropriate slope inclination. The contractor
should be familiar with and follow all local, State and Federal safety regulations,
particularly the OSHA Standards for Excavations. Side slopes for excavations 20 feet
tall or taller are required to be designed by a registered engineer experienced in earth
slope design.
THE WRITER CORPORATION
BRIDGE ACROSS McCLELLAND CHANNEL AT LARIMER COUNTY ROAD 9
0CTLTJOBNO.FC-1606
Ci3-11
BackfilL Wall backfill should be placed in 8-inch maximum loose lifts,
moisture-conditioned to within 2 percent of optimum moisture content for granular
materials and within 0 to 3 percent of optimum moisture content for clay materials
and compacted to at least 95 percent of maximum standard Proctor dry density
ASTM D 69-8). We suggest assuming a moist density of 125 pcf for backfill in design
calculations. The placement of fill should be observed and tested by a representative
of our firm during construction.
Dewatering. Free groundwater was measured in our exploratory borings at 12
and 13 feet below the ground surface during this investigation, and near the
approximate elevation of the planned excavation. Head wall and wing wall
foundations will likely be lower than the current groundwater elevation. Soils in the
borings were very moist, and soft ground conditions may be encountered. Higher
groundwater levels may develop during the spring season, particularly in wetter
years. Groundwater should be lowered in advance of deeper excavations to reduce
the caving of excavation side slopes. In excavations into the bedrock, dewatering
from trenches in the bottom of the excavations will be more economical and likely
possible. When dewatering, care should be taken to draw water down through the
soils to reduce the destruction of their bearing capacity. This means sumps should
bottom at least 2 feet below the floor of the excavation for which the dewatering is
being done.
CONCRETE
Concrete which comes into contact with the subsoils can be subject to sulfate
attack. We measured water soluble sulfate concentrations in a sample of clay and
a sample of bedrock from this site. Measured concentrations were 0.002 percent in
both samples. Sulfate concentrations less than 0.1 percent indicate negligible
exposure to sulfate attack for concrete which comes into contact with the subsoils,
according to the American Concrete Institute (ACI). ACI indicates Type I or Type II
cement can be used for concrete which comes into contact with the subsoils.
Moderate sulfate resistance can be provided by using modified Type II cement with
a maximum water-cement ratio of 0.5.
THE WRITER CORPORATION
BRIDGE ACROSS McCLELLAND CHANNEL AT LARIMER COUNTY ROAD 9
CTLJT JOB NO.FC-1606 11
Our borings were spaced to obtain a reasonable characterization of
subsurface conditions. The subsoils identified in our borings are representative of
conditions at the boring locations only. Variations in the subsurface conditions not
indicated by our borings are possible. Our representative should inspect drilled piers
or foundation excavations to confirm the subsurface conditions are as anticipated
from our borings.
The recommendations presented in this report are based on the proposed
construction as we understand it is currently planned. Revision of the construction
plans could affect our recommendations. We should be contacted to review our
recommendations if plans change.
This investigation was conducted with that level of skill and care normally
used by geotechnical engineers practicing in this area at this time. No other
warranty, express or implied, is made. If we can be of further service in discussing
the contents of this report or in the analysis of the influence of the subsoil conditions
on design of the structures, please call.
CTL/THO OS iNG:NG
Marilyn W. S. Palmer, PE
Geotechnical Staff Engineer =:r_;
y0 REGis
Reviewed b e'.
cti. -'
t i- 33848
fEL)I I /15-Z, /49;Thomas A. Chapel, CPG,I?
Project Manager ss H\,E .G,;'
MWP:TAC:jll
6 copies sent)
THE WRITER CORPORATION
BRIDGE ACROSS McCLELLAND CHANNEL AT LARIMER COUNTY ROAD 9
2CTLITJOBNO.FC-1606
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u SITE
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SCALE: 1"=50' 2 v
COUNTY ROAD 36
VICINITY MAP
NO SCALE
Q>
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0
Z
0
0
W
BM
TH-1
McClelland Channel
A
TH-2
LEGEND:
B IDGE
TH-1 INDICATES LOCATION OF
A COUNTY
EXPLORATORY BORING R AD 9
BENCHMARK=SANITARY
BM SEWER MANHOLE COVER
RIM ELEVATION=4905.77
FEET)
8 Locations of
The Writer Corporation Exploratory
MCCLELLAND CHANNEL CROSSING
AT COUNTY ROAD 9 Borings
Job No. FC-1606 Fig. 1
TH-1 TH-2
EL=4906 EL=4908
4910
APPROXIMATE
491* LEGEND:
CHANNEL FLOWLINE\
1
FILL, CLAY, SANDY, STIFF,
SLIGHTLY MOIST, YELLOW-BROWN.
i 12/12
4/12
4900 490* 7 CLAY, SANDY, OCCASIONAL SAND AND
6/12 GRAVEL LENSES, MEDIUM STIFF TO
STIFF, MOIST, BROWN,
12i12
1 YELLOW-BROWN, RUST, GRAY (CL) .RN
14/12 T2' SAND, GRAVELLY, SLIGHTLY CLAYEY,
1j 40i12 MEDIUM DENSE, WET, BROWN,
4890 489• YELLOW-BROWN (SC).
II 50/11
50/6 INTERBEDDED CLAYSTONE/SANDSTONE,
MEDIUM HARD TO VERY HARD,
50/10 SLIGHTLY MOIST, BROWN,RUST, GRAY
BEDROCK).
2 50/10
w 4880 488* w h DRIVE SAMPLE. THE SYMBOL 4/12
w N INDICATES 4 BLOWS OF A 140-POUND
1 HAMMER FALLING 30 INCHES WERE
z- z REQUIRED TO DRIVE A 2.5 INCH 0.0.
0 o SAMPLER 12 INCHES.H- H
H H
Q-
w 4870 487*
w INDICATES WATER LEVEL MEASURED AT
TIME OF DRILLING.
INDICATES WATER LEVEL MEASURED
SEVERAL DAYS AFTER DRILLING.
4860 486* NOTES:
1.THE BORINGS WERE DRILLED ON AUGUST
24, 2000 USING 4-INCH DIAMETER,
CONTINUOUS FLIGHT AUGER AND A
TRUCK-MOUNTED DRILL RIG.
4850 485• 2.BORING LOCATIONS AND ELEVATIONS ARE
APPROXIMATE AND WERE STAKED AND
SURVEYED BY A REPRESENTATIVE OF OUR
FIRM REFERENCING THE BENCHMARK SHOWN
ON FIG. 1.
3.THESE LOGS ARE SUBJECT TO THE
4840 484* EXPLANATIONS, LIMITATIONS AND
CONCLUSIONS IN THIS REPORT.
4830 4836
SUMMARY LOG OF EXPLORATORY BORING
JOB NO. FC-1606 FIG. 2
3
2
1
EXPAI\JSION UNDER CONSTANT
PRESSURE DUE TO WETTING
z o
I
0
6
z
Q
1a
x
w
0
z -2
0
6 _
N
w
ix -3
a
2
0
U
4
0.1 1.0 10 100
APPLIED PRESSURE•KSF
Sample of INTERBEDDED CLAYSTONE/SANDSTONE NATURAL DRY UNIT WEIGHT= 123 PCF
From TH-1 AT 19 FEET NATURAL MOISTURE CONTENT= 13.3 %
3
1
2 j
1--
I EXPANSION UNDER CO1 STA"
1
PRESSURE DUE TOIWETTING 1
1
z
1
Hin
a
1
0 2
w
a -3 --
2
0
U j
4
0.1 1.0 10 100
APPLIED PRESSURE - KSF
Sample of INTERBEDDED CLAYSTONE/SANDSTONE NATURAL DRY UNIT WEIGHT= 114 PCF
From TH-2 AT 19 FEET NATURAL MOISTURE CONTENT= 18.1
Swell Consolidation
JOBNO. FC-1606 Test Results FIG. 3
1:Q1 .
HYDROMETER ANALYSIS SIEVE ANALYSIS
25 HR. 7 HR.TIME READINGS U.S.STANDARD SERIES CLEAR SQUARE OPENINGS
45 MIN. 15 MIN. 60 MIN. 19 MIN. 4 MIN. 1 MIN. '200 '100 '50 '40 '30 "16 '10 '8 '4 3/8" 3/4" 1i4' 3" 5"6" 8"
100
I
I 0
90 10
8020
7 70 30 Z
N Q
a B0 40
llaZ 50 w
cc
to
0
a 40 60 a
30 70
20 80
10 90
0 --
100
001 0.002 .005 .009 .019 .037 .074 .149 .297 042590 1.19 2.0 2.38 4.76 9.52 19.1 36.1 76.2 127152200
DIAMETER OF PARTICLE IN MILLIMETERS
SANDS GRAVEL
CLAY(PLASTIC)TO SILT(NON-PLASTIC)
FINE I MEDIUM I COARSE FINE I COARSE I COBBLES
Sample of SAND, GRAVELLY,CLAYEY GRAVEL _ 20 % SAND 57 %
From TH-2 AT 14 FEET SILT&CLAY 23 % LIQUID LIMIT - %
PLASTICITY INDEX
HYDROMETER ANALYSIS I SIEVE ANALYSIS I
25 HR. 7 HR.TIME READINGS U.S.STANDARD SERIES CLEAR SQUARE OPENINGS
45 MIN. 15 MIN. 60 MIN. 19 MIN. 4 MIN. 1 MIN. '200 '100 '50 '40 '30 '16 '10 '8 '4 3/8" 3/4" 1'/:" 3" 5"6" 8'
100
0
90 I 10
80 I
T 20
0 70 30 0
z
a7, I I 40
a 60
ill]
cc
w50 50 L.Li
C w
a40 ` I I I a
30
70
20
I .
I
I
80
10
90
0
I
I . 100
001 0.002 .005 .009 .019 .037 .074 .149 .297
0.42590 1.19 2.0 2.38 4.76 9.52 19.1 36.1 76.2 12152200
DIAMETER OF PARTICLE IN MILLIMETERS
SANDS GRAVEL
CLAY(PLASTIC)TO SILT(NON-PLASTIC)
FINE I MEDIUM COARSE FINE COARSE COBBLES
Sample of GRAVEL SAND
From SILT&CLAY LIQUID LIMIT
PLASTICITY INDEX
Gradation
JOB NO. FC-1606
Test Results FIG. 4
1Q=1
1
12"MIN.
10
1 I
BACKFILLED WITH
CLAYEY ON-SITE T
SOIL
u RETAINING WALL
a '
PROVIDE GRAVEL LAYER
SCREEN OR COARSE a ed ti BEHIND WALL,WASHED
CONCRETE AGGREGATE
GRAVEL OVER HOLE ASTM C33,NO.57 OR 67).
a
c
WEEP HOLES,SPACED 10 FEET O.C.
BACKFILL
1
1 ON
TERIMATERIALS ROUND SURFACE
4-INCH- DIAMETER PERFORATED DRAIN
REINFORCING STEEL PIPE. THE PIPE SHOULD BE PLACED
PER STRUCTURAL IN A TRENCH WITH A SLOPE RANGING
DRAWINGS BETWEEN 1/16-INCH AND 1/8-INCH
DROP PER FOOT OF DRAIN.
NOTE:
rip
DRAIN PIPE TO GRAVITY OUTLET,
OR WEEP HOLES,OR BOTH MAY
BE USED
FOOTING OR
OTHER TYPE
FOUNDATION
Typical Earth
Retaining
Wall Drain
I. No. FC-1606 Fig. 5
m
0 m
a
ww www
0 0 < 0 0
J
v~ c% OU.) U)
J Z Z J > Z Z
Q Q Z J Q Q
w W C > W w
ZZZ >:Z < ZZ
O O < < x 0 0
y >- >- } >-
J J - J J < J J
U UOwUcn0U
J a C) c0 N N O)
0
m
a
N N 6N
0 0
O O U
N
C)
O O
N
O
C-O
To
CD
C)a)
Z
C
o co C) CV COU_
C_
N
F f) M U)
o C) V '- N
0.
u 9
LL
0
m
O r-isua
C
C)
L
ll
n• _lL 00 00 Noo
0)
L a_
r
a)
3
CO
J o o -
il
1J
D CO Q1
v O N co N 7 (N o)N N
J
O
C
LL N U
LL
O
Z
N N N N N m
2 = _ = 2 = 2 2 O