HomeMy WebLinkAboutMemo - Mail Packet - 6/8/2021 - Memorandum From Eileen Dornfest Re: Halligan Water Supply Project: 2021 Briefing BookNovember 2, 2017
Cody Wheeler, Regulatory Project Manager
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Denver Regulatory Office
9307 S. Wadsworth Blvd.
Littleton, CO 80123
RE: Our support for consideration of the Halligan Water Supply Project’s potential
downstream flow benefits under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act.
Dear Mr. Wheeler:
Western Resource Advocates writes in regard to the potential of the Halligan Water Supply Project
(“Halligan Project”) to improve base flows in a chronically dry and fragmented reach of the North
Fork of the Cache La Poudre River in northern Colorado. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(Corps) held scoping meetings for the proposed Halligan Project in 2006.
1 The Corps is currently
developing its Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) for the Halligan Project. Western
Resource Advocates urges the Corps to conduct a comprehensive review of the potential aquatic
impacts and benefits, including benefits to wetlands and downstream aquatic resources, of the City
of Fort Collin’s proposed Halligan Project under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act as part of its
development of the DEIS.
Western Resource Advocates is a non-profit regional research and advocacy organization whose
mission is to protect the air, land, and water of the American West. We help communities restore
rivers, protect aquatic ecosystems, and advance environmentally sustainable management of the
West’s scarcewater resources. Western Resource Advocates’ members and employees are located
throughout the arid and semi-arid states of the Interior West.
In our 2011 report, Filling the Gap: Commonsense Solutions for Meeting Front Range Water
Needs, Western Resource Advocates and two other co-authoring organizations identified the
Halligan Project as an “Acceptable Planned Project.”2 This designation means that a proposed
water supply project generally follows our “Smart Principles” of water supply management and
development.3 In particular, the design of the Halligan Project adheres to the Smart Principles by:
Expanding upon an existing mainstem dam, rather than constructing an entirely new dam.
Utilizing agricultural water rights acquired as a result of municipal growth onto irrigated
lands, thereby avoiding significant new depletions in the Cache La Poudre Basin.
1 See 71 Fed. Reg. 5250 (Feb. 1, 2006). The Corps separated its consideration of the Halligan and Seaman Water
Management Projects in 2015. 80 Fed. Reg. 6064 (Feb. 4, 2015).
2 Available at https://westernresourceadvocates.org/publications/filling-the-gap-front-range/.
3 Id. at 11-12 (listing the Smart Principles).
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Storing water native to the North Fork of the Cache La Poudre River, rather than importing
it from the Colorado River Basin.
However, in the report we noted that we want to see the Halligan Project participants(1)implement
urban conservation measures before building the project, and (2) protect and restore flows in the
North Fork of the Cache La Poudre River, and the Poudre River.
Since 2011, the City of Fort Collins has made significant progress towards meeting both of these
goals. With respect to conservation, the City invested in promoting and incentivizing water
conservation, which led to the City’s water demands declining from about 200 gallons per capita
per day (gpcd) in 2000 to an average of 147 gpcd over the past five years. Meanwhile, the City
updated its planning policies to promote additional conservation. In 2012, the City revised its per
capita demand planning level to 150 gpcd, which is significantly less than the 185 gpcd level
adopted in 2003. The City’s 2015 Water Efficiency Plan targets 130 gpcd by 2030. This
conservation enabled the City to significantly reduce its portion of water supply needed from the
proposed enlargement of Halligan Reservoir from 12,000 acre-feet to 8,100 acre-feet. This sort of
redesign of a project based upon more aggressive, yet achievable, water conservation targets
epitomizes the “conservation first” approach in the Smart Principles.
The City also proposes to significantly improve aquatic habitat on 22 miles of the North Fork of
the Cache La Poudre River downstream of Halligan Reservoir as part of the Halligan Project.
Under existing hydrology, portions of the North Fork routinely dry up in both summer and winter.
This problem is particularly acute below the North Fork Canal diversion dam in Phantom Canyon,
as illustrated by modeling completed for the City of Fort Collins where under current conditions
the river experiences dry days in 197 out of 660 months, or nearly one-third of months, between
water years 1955 and 2005without the Halligan Project. Modelingresults with the City’s proposed
Halligan Project operations, including a 5 c.f.s. summer base flow release and 3 c.f.s. winter base
flow release, show the potential for the project to eliminate zero flow days in all but the driest
years.
In addition, aquatic habitat in the North Fork of the Cache La Poudre River is currently severed by
two significant diversion structures in Phantom Canyon: the North Fork Canal diversion dam and
the Calloway diversion dam. As a part of the Halligan Project, the City plans to improve habitat
connectivity by adding flow and fish passage structures at these dams. If successful, these passage
structures could help aquatic biota recolonize the North Fork.
Accordingly, Western Resource Advocates urges the Corps to conduct a comprehensive review of
the potential aquatic impacts and benefits of the City of Fort Collin’s proposed Halligan Project
under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. Subpart H of the Section 404(b)(1) Guidelines provide
clear authority for the Corps to consider a project’s environmental benefits in minimizing a
discharge’s adverse impacts under 40 C.F.R. section 230.10(d).4 The Guidelines do not consider
4 40 C.F.R. § 230.77 (d) (40 C.F.R. § 230.10 (d) references Subpart H, including 40 C.F.R. § 230.77 (d)).
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the environmental benefits of a project to be compensatory mitigation because the Guidelines
discuss mitigation separately under Subpart J. Therefore, it is proper for the Corps to include
downstream aquatic benefits of the Halligan Project in its determination of the least
environmentally damaging practicable alternative under 40 C.F.R. § 230.10(a). Given the perhaps
unique capacity of the Halligan Project to help restore flows and aquatic habitat in the North Fork
of the Cache La Poudre River, the Corps should consider these potential benefits in examining
alternatives under the Clean Water Act. WRA believes the Halligan Project could be the best
alternative before the Corps based on its impacts and benefits to the aquatic ecosystem.
Thank you for your consideration of this request. We would be happy to discuss the Halligan
Project at your convenience.
Sincerely,
Robert Harris
Senior Staff Attorney
Western Resource Advocates
rob.harris@westernresources.org
(720)763-3713
October 10, 2017
Mr. Cody Wheeler
US Army Corps of Engineers
Denver Regulatory Office
9307 S. Wadsworth Blvd.
Littleton, CO 80123
Dear Mr. Wheeler:
The Nature Conservancy would like to lend its conditional support to the City of Fort Collins’ proposed
enlargement of Halligan Reservoir and urge the Corps to select the proposed action as the least
environmentally practicable alternative or LEDPA. We lend this conditional support because the analysis
completed during the HalliganSeaman Shared Vision Planning Process (SVP) indicates that there is
significant opportunity to fix damage done to the North Fork of the Cache la Poudre River by
infrastructure and management put into place in the early 20th century. We have attached the SVP for
reference. Any new project would, of course, have its own impacts, but there is reason to believe that
the impacts will be outweighed by significant improvements to the North Fork, particularly to imperiled
native fish on the North Fork, resulting from the proposed action’s environmental flows and subsequent,
rigorous mitigation. If there are overall net environmental benefits to expanding Halligan Reservoir, that
would suggest that this alternative qualifies as the least environmentally practicable alternative or
LEDPA. Our conditional support for the proposed action as the LEDPA is not a comment on purpose and
need of the proposed reservoir.
Through the Shared Vision Planning process, numerous partners —including water suppliers and
conservation organizations—described water supply and environmental objectives, quantitatively
modeled reservoir impact, and analyzed multiple water management scenarios to assess their impacts
and benefits to all stated objectives. The specific environmental objects we identified during the
process were:
1. Maintain a conservation area for transitionzone native fishes that are likely to continue disa ppearing
from the northern Front Range with increased water use and climate change.
2. Maintain selfsustaining trout populations that support a fishery. However, trout populations may be
managed in deference to the goals of maintaining a native fish conservation area.
3. Maintain a complex riparian habitat by allowing for adequate water supplies, floods that regenerate
habitat and sediment supplies that support plant recruitment and soil health. Maintaining riparian
The Nature Conservancy in Colorado
2424 Spruce Street
Boulder, CO 80302
tel [303] 4442950
fax [303] 4442986
nature.org/colorado
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habitat is critical to the long term viability of the federally threatened Preble’s meadow jumping mouse,
while also supporting several other aspects of ecosystem health.
4. Maintain geomorphic and sediment transport processes. For example, ensure periodic flows suitable
for scouring gravels needed by trout and native fish for spawning and invertebrate production.
5. Maintain viable populations of critical terrestrial species, including Preble’s meadow jumping mouse
and game species such as mule deer and elk.
6. Minimize inundation of streams (especially the North Fork and Dale Creek) caused by reservoir
expansion.
7. If possible, improve Joint Operations Plan flows and mitigate impacts on mainstem flows.
Operations of the proposed Halligan Reservoir enlargement, along with the preliminary avoidance,
minimization, and enhancement measures in the City’s proposed action address these objectives. It is
our understanding that other alternatives cannot provide similar benefits or meet these objectives.
Aspects of the proposed action and proposed measures that we believe would be most beneficial to the
North Fork include:
Minimum flow releases and/or targets for all twelve months of the year. Throughout the history
of Halligan Reservoir and the North Poudre Canal there have many months in most years with
zero flow.
Peak flow bypass that will provide sediment flushing flows. Currently Halligan “spills” regularly,
so attention to reductions in spill rate and duration are warranted.
Retrofitting of the North Poudre Canal diversion structure to allow bypass flows and fish
passage. This structure and the depletions it allows have wholly transformed several stream
miles below it.
Removal or retrofitting of the Calloway Ditch diversion structure to allow fish passage and
stream connectivity.
Multilevel outlets to allow management of temperature and dissolved oxygen of water
released from the reservoir. Currently the reservoir has significant impacts on temperature
regimes below the reservoir with likely populationlevel impacts on native fish.
Overall, we see potential net environmental benefits of the proposed action with the proposed
measures, yet there are some dimensions that we need to analyze further before we can turn our
conditional support to full support. Among the aspects that may need to be improved are:
Native fish populations need to be an explicit priority over non native trout populations,
because the North Fork is one of relatively few strongholds for several foothills native fish.
Annual monitoring of fish populations will be necessary, and streamflow and temperature will
need to be managed to sustain the native fishes.
Fully offsetting of impacts to Preble’s meadow jumping mouse populations (not just habitat) is
necessary. It is not adequate to invoke existing protection as an offset nor to assume
populations will necessarily colonize new shoreline habitat. Monitoring of populations over an
extended time is warranted.
Impacts to the mainstem of the Poudre River also need to be mitigated.
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While we applaud a commitment to an adaptive management plan, $250,000 is probably far
inadequate to fully fund adaptive management during the life of the enlarged reservoir. Details
of the adaptive management plan need to be developed before any permit is issued. Capacity
and commitment to fulfill the adaptive management plan needs to be included as a permit
condition.
In sum, The Nature Conservancy believes the net benefits to the Cache la Poudre River watershed could
be greater with an expanded Halligan Reservoir when compared to what currently exists. We urge you
to move forward with the City in preparing a draft environmental impact statement and, if our
preliminary analysis holds up, in developing a comprehensive mitigation plan that includes native
species and ecosystems at its core, even when these species and ecosystems do not fall clearly under
the purview of regulatory agencies. We look forward to engaging with the Corps, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Colorado Parks and Wildlife, and the City of Fort Collins to restore and maintain a thriving North
Fork watershed.
Sincerely,
Paige Lewis
Deputy State Director
The Nature Conservancy, Colorado
January 13, 2020
Mr. Cody Wheeler
US Army Corps of Engineers
Denver Regulatory Office
9307 S Wadsworth Blvd.
Littleton, CO 80123
NWO.HalliganEIS@usace.army.mil
Dear Mr. Wheeler;
The Fort Collins Area Chamber of Commerce strongly encourages the Army Corps of Engineers
to select the Fort Collins Proposed Action Alternative Halligan Reservoir Expansion as the least
environmentally damaging practical alternative and to expedite the permitting of this important
project. The Halligan project is the least expensive action alternative considered in the EIS –as
much as 4.5 times less expensive than other action alternatives.
The Chamber has endorsed the Halligan Reservoir expansion since its application to the Corps in
2003. Additional water storage, infrastructure and conveyance facilities are vital to the success
of our region. We believe the area will need all the storage projects that are being considered in
northern Colorado and are very supportive of Halligan, NISP, Windy Gap and Chimney Hollow
being permitted and constructed.
Reliable and high-quality water is of critical importance to all of our citizens, especially the
business community. The long-term success and diversity of our economy requires that we meet
our projected water supply needs while providing a storage reserve for emergency water
disruption and drought security.
The Halligan Reservoir project is an excellent project for developing long-term storage capacity
and because the projected unit cost of constructing an expanded reservoir at that site is relatively
low, it provides a more efficient use of ratepayer dollars while achieving the goal of expanding
storage capacity for Fort Collins in an environmentally thoughtful way.
Sincerely,
Fort Collins Area Chamber of Commerce
David L. May
President & CEO
cc: Darin Atteberry, Kevin Gertig, Mayor Wade Troxell
HALLIGAN WATER SUPPLY PROJECT
Halligan Reservoir Expansion
Entity: Fort Collins
Size: 6,400 acre-feet to 14,525 acre-feet
WINDY GAP FIRMING PROJECT
New Chimney Hollow Reservoir
Entity: Northern Water for 12 participants
Size: 90,000 acre-feet
MOFFAT COLLECTION SYSTEM PROJECT
Gross Reservoir Expansion
Entity: Denver Water
Size: 42,000 acre-feet to 119,000 acre-feet
NORTHERN INTEGRATED SUPPLY PROJECT
Entity: Northern Water for 15 participants
New Glade
Reservoir:
170,000 acre-feet
New Galeton
Reservoir:
45,600 acre-feet
THORNTON WATER PROJECT
Entity: Thornton
Size: 48-inch pipeline to deliver
about 14,000 acre-feet/year
NORTHERN COLORADO
WATER SUPPLY PROJECTS