HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOUNCIL - AGENDA ITEM - 12/20/2011 - RESOLUTION 2011-112 ADOPTING AN UPDATED POLICY FORDATE: December 20, 2011
STAFF: John Stokes
Daylan Figgs
AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY
FORT COLLINS CITY COUNCIL 20
SUBJECT
Resolution 2011-112 Adopting an Updated Policy for the Review and Approval of Easements on City Natural Areas
and Conserved Lands.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The City of Fort Collins Natural Areas and Open Lands Easement Policy was adopted by Resolution 2001-094. To
date, approximately forty right-of-way easements have been granted by the City under this Policy. The Natural Areas
program (NAP) is proposing revisions to the Policy to address:
1. Compensation and mitigation requirements
2. Review and approval of projects proposed within existing easements
3. Above-ground features associated with buried utility cables and pipelines
4. Specific types of facilities
5. Review and approval of projects within new or existing utility easements on lands conserved with Conservation
Easements
6. Oil and Gas and Minerals Exploration and Production
7. Public Information and Review Process.
BACKGROUND / DISCUSSION
The City of Fort Collins Natural Areas and Open Lands Easement Policy was adopted by Resolution 2001-94. To date,
approximately forty right-of-way easements have been granted by the City under this Policy. The Natural Areas
program (NAP) is proposing revisions to the Policy to address:
1. Compensation and Mitigation
The City of Fort Collins Natural Areas and Open Lands Easement Policy (Resolution 2001-94, July 17, 2001) (current
Policy) requires the City to be compensated for the value of the right-of-way easement and the costs for processing
and managing the easement. Proposed revisions to the policy will require that compensation be required for the loss
of ecological services and recreation values of the property (ecological goods and services). Compensation for the
value of the land and for damages will continue to be based on fair market value as determined by accepted appraisal
techniques. Compensation for loss in ecological goods and services will be based on values reported in appropriate
professional and technical publications. Compensation for losses in ecological goods and services may be negotiated
to be paid in cash or through the completion of appropriate mitigation measures, either on or off the property impacted
by the easement. Loss in ecological goods and services will be compensated on a weighted, multi-year scale to
capture the time it takes for the ecological goods and services to return to a pre-disturbance condition.
It is important to note that some entities have the authority to condemn City owned lands. NAP will negotiate the value
of the easement as directed by the Policy. However, the final value may be influenced by factors outside the scope
of this Policy and may differ from the methods described in the Policy.
2. New Projects Within Existing Easements
The current Policy is limited to new requests for easements or rights-of-way and is silent on new projects within
easements previously granted by the City or within easements granted prior to City ownership. The revised Policy
addresses new projects within existing easements and states the City take advantage of any opportunity to establish
terms and conditions or specific project plans consistent with the terms of this Policy.
Easements previously granted may not require advance notice to the City for work proposed on a natural area or
conserved land. The revised Policy states that in connection with any work anticipated to take place within an existing
easement, the City will establish a mutually agreed plan for notification and consultation regarding the work. Also, the
December 20, 2011 -2- ITEM 20
City will negotiate with the easement holder to establish a process for advance coordination, scheduling and planning
for avoidance of impacts and mitigation, if necessary.
3. Above Ground Features or Markers
Above ground features or markers associated with buried utilities are addressed in the current Resource Protection
Standards for Easements and Rights-of-Way but not within the governing Policy. The revised Policy requires that any
above-ground features associated with buried utility cables and pipelines will not be allowed on City property unless
required by applicable technical standards for public safety and utility marking or other applicable legal or regulatory
requirements. The location, color and height of any such above-ground features must be approved by the City.
4. Specific Types of Facilities
The revised Policy generally prohibits private streets or other private access, overhead electric lines, and drainage
facilities on City property. However, the Policy does recognize there may be cases where these types of facilities may
be beneficial to the City, and therefore may be allowed in these specific instances.
5. Conservation Easements
The current Policy does not address request for new easements or new projects within easements previously granted
on lands conserved with conservation easements (a conservation easement is a deeded property right that restricts
the development of a property). The owners of private property protected by a conservation easement, which
easement held by the City’s Natural Areas program, may receive requests for right-of-way easements across their
property for roads, utilities and other uses. Notice to the City of the easement request generally is required within the
terms of the conservation easement, and ideally property owners (or entities seeking a new right-of-way) will notify the
Natural Areas program
6. Oil and Gas and Minerals Exploration
The revised Policy recognizes that access, pipeline, and other easements may be requested in connection with the
exploration of oil and gas, and mineral resources. The Policy prohibits granting of these types of easements unless
crossing the City’s land is the only feasible means or unless it is determined to be of benefit to the City property in the
specific circumstance. The Policy also states the most current version of the Natural Areas Programs Best
Management Practices will be incorporated and used in connection with oil and gas exploration activities.
7. Public Information and Review Process
The applicant requesting an easement on City-owned natural area or conserved land will be required to arrange for
a public meeting to describe the project and respond to questions posed by the public. Documentation of the public
meeting will be provided to the City. The public process is in addition to the Land Conservation and Stewardship Board
and City Council review.
FINANCIAL / ECONOMIC IMPACTS
As a condition of approval for any easement or right-of-way, the City requires compensation for the value of the
easement or right-of-way, the administrative costs for processing and managing the easement, and the value in the
loss of ecological services, recreation values, and other intrinsic values of the property.
A base administrative fee of $1,500 in 2011 dollars will be charged to process easement requests. The fee will be paid
by the Grantee at the time the easement is granted. Staff will track its cost to administer the easement and will bill the
Grantee for any cost in excess of $1,500 at a rate of $100 per hour for staff time. Staff will regularly inform the
applicant of the costs the applicant is incurring during the administrative process.
Following final grading and initial seeding of the disturbed site and acceptance by the City, the NAP will be responsible
for ongoing vegetation management, including weed control, mowing, and reseeding, as needed. The cost for the City
to perform the vegetation management over the next five to ten years is calculated to be three thousand dollars
($3,000.00) per acre of disturbance based on grassland / shrubland cover types. Vegetation management fees will
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be determined for other cover types on a case-by-case basis. The cost of this service will be evaluated and adjusted
as needed.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
All impacts associated with the granting of the easement will be restored. Impacts during construction activities will
be restored to the current version of the Natural Areas and Conserved Lands Resource Protection Standards.
The Policy recognizes the temporary loss in ecological services that will result from granting the easement and requires
Natural Areas to be compensated through cash, mitigation efforts or a combination of both. In general, compensation
and fees will be administered so as to result in a net benefit to the site being impacted.
STAFF RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends adoption of the Resolution.
BOARD / COMMISSION RECOMMENDATION
At its December 14, 2011, meeting, the Land Conservation and Stewardship Board discussed the proposed Policy.
A memo from the Board has been provided and minutes from the meeting will be provided in the “Read-before” packet
on Tuesday, December 20, 2011.
ATTACHMENTS
1. City of Fort Collins Natural Areas and Conserved Lands Easement Policy with major changes highlighted
2. Natural Areas and Conserved Lands Resource Protection Standards
3. Guidance Document: Compensation and Mitigation Requirements for Easements on City of Fort Collins
Natural Areas and Conserved Lands (November 2011)
4. Guidance Document: Alternatives Analysis for Easements on City of Fort Collins Natural Areas and
Conserved Lands (December 2011)
5. Work Session Summary, November 30, 2011
6. Land Conservation and Stewardship Board minutes, September 14 and October 12, 2011
7. Land Conservation and Stewardship Board memo, December 15, 2011
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ATTACHMENT 1
CITY OF FORT COLLINS
NATURAL AREAS AND CONSERVED LANDS
EASEMENT POLICY
Original Policy Adopted by Resolution 2001 – 94, July 17, 2001
***Note: Changes to original text or new text in this revised policy are highlighted in
green***
PURPOSE:
The purpose of the policy statement is to clarify the policies and procedures of the City of
Fort Collins (“City”) with respect to requests for easements or rights-of-way that affect
publicly owned Natural Areas or other lands that are managed by the Natural Resources
Department; lands owned in part by the Natural Resources Department; and private lands
with Conservation Easements held by the Natural Resources Department. The policy
does not apply to requests for easements or rights-of-way on or across other lands owned
by the City.
APPLICABILITY:
The policy applies to requests for new easements or rights-of-way and to projects within
existing easements, as appropriate, which provide for a wide variety of purposes,
including without limitation, streets, water, sewer, drainage, flood control, electric power,
wind generation, solar generation, pipelines, oil and gas and minerals exploration, and
telecommunications facilities. The policy applies to projects of the City as well as those
proposed by other public entities, such as special Utility Districts, and private parties.
The policy does not apply to trails, parking lots, interpretive features or other facilities
that are proposed as part of the management of public natural areas.
GENERAL POLICY:
Most of the natural areas and other conserved lands addressed by these policies were
acquired by the City with dedicated funds from sales taxes that were approved by the
voters of Fort Collins or Larimer County for the specific purpose of protecting natural
areas and conserved lands. These lands are part of the fabric of the Fort Collins
community, and are viewed as a type of “community facility” intended to meet specific
community goals.
For natural areas, the goal is to “preserve and protect natural areas within Fort Collins
and the Community Growth Management Area to provide habitat essential to the
conservation of plants, animals, and their associated ecosystems and to enrich the lives
of citizens by providing opportunities for education, scientific research, nature
interpretation, art, fishing, wildlife observation, hiking and other activities.”
For other types of conserved lands, e.g., agricultural areas, lands are protected to shape
the physical structure of the community: These lands “provide the community with a
well-defined edge, establish community separators, direct growth, and preserve rural
character.”
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Requests for easements or rights-of-way that affect natural areas or other conserved lands
must be considered within this context. Accordingly, the general policy is to avoid, to the
maximum extent feasible, granting easements or rights-of-way for activities that will
adversely affect the use of the land for meeting the community’s goals for natural area
protection or community shaping. Where easements or rights-of-way are authorized by
ordinance of the City Council, the general policy is to minimize the impact on the natural
area or the community, to the maximum extent feasible, by limiting the size and visibility
of the area affected, managing construction or other human activities with respect to their
timing, duration, and frequency of occurrence, and restoring affected areas to a condition
that is equal to or better than the condition at the time the easement is granted.
Because the natural areas and other conserved lands owned by the City are in many
instances within an urban context, it is recognized that easements and rights-of-way may
be necessary to allow for the orderly development of the community in accordance with
the adopted Plan Fort Collins (2011). Individual easement requests will be evaluated in
accordance with both the general policy and with the specific policies listed in following
sections.
In addition, many properties owned by the City were subject to easements and rights-of-
way granted by prior owners at the time the City acquired them. In connection with any
work anticipated to take place within an existing easement, the City will establish a
mutually agreed plan for notification and consultation regarding the work. The City will
negotiate with the easement holder to establish a process for advance coordination,
scheduling and planning for avoidance of impacts and mitigation, if necessary.
SPECIFIC TYPES OF FACILITIES:
Public Streets. New public highways, roads, or streets will not be allowed within City-
owned natural areas or conserved lands, except for those specifically identified in the
adopted City Master Street Plan or comparable Master Transportation Plan adopted by
the appropriate governing body in cases where the natural area or conserved land is
located outside of the city limits of Fort Collins. Widening or other street improvement
projects on existing streets within natural areas or conserved lands will be allowed,
consistent with the City Master Street Plan or comparable adopted Master Transportation
Plan. The City will work to influence the alignment and design of any highway, road, or
street improvement so as to avoid or minimize the effect on the natural area or conserved
land.
Private Streets or Other Private Access. Requests by private parties for private streets
or access easements to cross natural areas or conserved lands in order to gain access to a
private parcel of land will not be considered unless crossing the City’s is the only feasible
means of providing access to a legal parcel of land, or unless determined to be beneficial
for the Natural Areas Program in the specific circumstances.
Overhead Electric Power, Telephone, or Cable Lines. New overhead cable lines will
not be allowed within any City-owned natural area or conserved land, unless determined
to be beneficial for the Natural Areas Program in the specific circumstances.
Replacement of existing overhead cables with underground cables will generally be
3
encouraged unless the installation of underground lines will result in adverse impact to
the natural area that is inconsistent with these policies. Use of the latest technology
reasonably available will also be encouraged.
Any change in above ground features (number of poles, pole height, number of wires,
etc) within easements granted by the City or granted prior to City ownership of the land
(to the extent there is an opportunity to negotiate or impose new conditions) will require
review and approval by the City.
Aboveground Structures. New buildings or other structures, including without
limitation, towers, transmitters, receiving stations, tanks, substations, or billboards, other
than those of the City, will not be allowed on City-owned natural areas or conserved
lands. The City will seek and take advantage of opportunities to require or negotiate for
the undergrounding, avoidance or removal of above-ground structures associated with
existing infrastructure.
Underground Utility Cables or Pipelines. Consistent with standard practice within
Fort Collins, underground utility cables (e.g., electric, telephone, fiber optic, etc.) and
pipelines (e.g., gas, water, sewer) will be located within the street and utility right-of-way
adjacent to the natural area or conserved land. In instances where the existing right-of-
way does not conform to the planned future street right-of-way as depicted on the
applicable adopted Master Transportation Plan, cable or pipeline easements will be
located parallel to the existing roadway and within the area encompassed by the future
street and utility right-of-way.
Some larger utility transmission cables or pipelines are not typically placed beneath
streets due to reliability or safety concerns. In instances where the cable or pipeline
cannot safely be placed within the road right-of-way, it will be located as close as
practicable, and parallel to the road right-of-way.
Above-ground features associated with buried utility cables and pipelines will not be
allowed on City property unless required by applicable technical standards for public
safety and utility marking or other applicable legal or regulatory requirements. The
location, color and height of any such above-ground features must be approved by the
City. The City will seek and take advantage of opportunities to require or negotiate for
the undergrounding, avoidance or removal of above-ground structures associated with
existing infrastructure.
Drainage Facilities for Private Development. Drainage facilities that serve new
development (such as detention, retention, or water quality ponds) shall be located on
private land within the development and not on City-owned natural areas or conserved
land. Easements for conveyance facilities will be considered on a case-by-case basis
when the City-owned land is located between the private parcel and the historic receiving
channel or stream. The design of the new flow conveyance must utilize existing
drainages to the maximum extent feasible and must blend into the surrounding terrain;
must not impact the existing geomorphic character of the drainage; and must enhance the
natural habitat features and character of the site.
4
Requests will not be granted for easements by private entities to construct flood control
or drainage structures on natural areas or conserved lands to create developable land by
removing it from the floodplain, unless determined to be beneficial for the Natural Areas
Program in the specific circumstances. Requests will be considered on a case by case
basis for construction of flood control measures to address existing flood hazards that
threaten public health or safety; in these cases, use of the natural area or conserved land
must be the only reasonable alternative to address the flood hazard and the structure or
measure must be designed to minimize the impact to the natural area.
Public Flood Control and Drainage Facilities. The City’s Natural Areas, Storm
Drainage, and Water Quality programs have a strong record of collaboration in the joint
acquisition of land and in the design of projects that meet multiple community needs. To
the maximum extent feasible, planning for storm drainage, water quality and natural areas
and land conservation acquisitions shall continue to be coordinated so that lands needed
for all of these uses are purchased jointly. Innovative approaches shall continue to be
used so that flood control and water quality facilities are designed, constructed, and
managed to maintain or enhance natural area protection values while meeting flood
control, stream stability, and water quality needs. Easements or rights-of-way for flood
control structures or facilities will be considered on natural area or conserved land when
the facility is part of the implementation of an adopted basin-wide master plan (e.g.,
Canal Importation Master Drainageway Plan, Poudre River Master Drainageway Plan).
***New Sections***
Oil and Gas and Minerals Exploration. In connection with the exploration of oil and
gas and minerals resources, access, pipeline, and other types of easements may be
needed. Such requests, will not be considered unless crossing the City’s land is the only
feasible means of providing access to the location on which the oil and gas or minerals
exploration will occur, or unless determined to be beneficial for the Natural Areas
Program in the specific circumstances. Any easement for this type of activity will
incorporate, to the extent applicable, the most current Best Management Practices
requirements developed for use in connection with oil and gas exploration activities.
Conservation Easements. The owners of private property protected by a conservation
easement held by the City’s Natural Areas Program may receive requests for easements
across their property for roads, utilities and other uses. Notice to the City of the easement
request is generally required in the applicable conservation easement, and property
owners should notify the Natural Areas program of any such requests. Staff will consult
with the property owner to evaluate such requests on a case-by-case basis, taking into
account the terms of the conservation easement, the conservation values of the property,
and this Policy, to the extent permissible. In order to complete the appropriate review of
any such requested easement, the City will obtain information regarding the nature,
scope, design, location, timetable and other material aspects of the proposed activity, and
evaluate the proposed activity to determine if it is permissible under, and consistent with,
the applicable conservation easement and the conservation values of the property.
5
The City’s Natural Area Program owns lands protected with conservation easements held
by other entities. Once the City receives a request for an easement across these
properties, the City will notify the owner of the conservation easement. Staff will then
work with the conservation easement owner to evaluate such requests on a case-by-case
basis, taking into account the terms of the conservation easement, the conservation values
of the property, and this Policy, to the extent permissible.
ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS:
In general, a right of way or easement across a City-owned natural area or conserved land
will only be approved if it is the only reasonable alternative, considering environmental
impacts, impacts to the recreation uses of the natural area by the community, financial
costs, engineering feasibility, public health and safety and other appropriate factors.
Applications for easements or rights-of-way must identify and evaluate the environmental
impact, engineering feasibility, and the cost of alternatives that do not affect the city-
owned natural area or conserved land. Depending on the type of proposal, alternatives
will need to consider both alternative locations for the facility as well as alternative
designs. The number of potential alternatives to be considered will depend on the
location and nature of the proposal, but must be sufficient to allow City staff, the Land
Conservation and Stewardship Board, and City Council to evaluate the cost and
environmental impact of the available alternatives for meeting the intent of the proposal.
Applicants should expect to provide information on the available alternatives at a level of
detail to allow independent review of the conclusions by City staff or outside consultants
retained by the City to assess the easement request.
LAND USE CONSISTENCY:
Applicants for rights of way and easements must demonstrate that any development to be
served by the proposal is consistent with the Plan Fort Collins, the City’s Comprehensive
Plan. Where the purpose of the easement is to provide utility services to areas outside the
land use jurisdiction of the City, the applicant must demonstrate consistency with the
adopted comprehensive plan of the governing jurisdiction, and with any applicable
growth management policies of the City. Applications for easements that facilitate
development or growth that is contrary to the policies of the City will not be approved.
MASTER PLAN CONSISTENCY:
As a condition of approval, the applicant must demonstrate that the requested easement or
right-of-way is consistent with the adopted utility master plan or service plan for the area
where the easement is requested. The applicant must demonstrate that the proposed
project is located and designed appropriately to meet the future needs of the service area
based on the adopted land use plans and/or zoning in the area served. This requirement is
intended to encourage thorough planning, coordination among property owners, and to
avoid multiple requests for easements or premature expansion or modification of the
facility before the end of its normal service life.
COORDINATION WITH OTHER ENTITIES:
Generally, the City will not grant exclusive easements. As a condition of approval, the
applicant must contact other utility service providers in the project vicinity to determine
if they have current or future plans for additional facilities in the area. To the extent
feasible, the planning, design, and construction of facilities shall be coordinated among
6
utility providers to conserve easement corridors and to avoid repeated construction
activities that may affect the natural area or conserved land. Applicants must provide
copies of written requests for utility coordination and the responses received from other
service providers.
COMPLIANCE WITH EXISTING EASEMENTS:
Applicants must demonstrate compliance with the requirements of prior easements on
land subject to this Policy or other City property. Requests for new or additional
easements will not be considered if the applicant has not met the requirements of existing
easement agreements and has failed to make diligent efforts to correct the situation after
notification by the City.
RESOURCE PROTECTION STANDARDS:
As a condition of approval of any easement or right-of-way, the City will impose
appropriate measures to assure adequate resource protection for the natural area or
conserved land. These measures will be determined based on the characteristics of the
proposal and the affected land, but may include, without limitation: field investigations to
determine the presence of sensitive plants and wildlife; siting requirements to minimize
the effect on natural resources; seasonal timing restrictions to avoid impacts to wildlife or
sensitive habitat during critical periods of the year; access restrictions to control times
and locations of access to the easement; construction management measures to ensure
that activities are restricted to designated areas, to control erosion, to limit noise, or other
impacts; restoration requirements to ensure the timely regrading and revegetation of
disturbed areas to a condition consistent with the future management of the area;
mitigation measures to replace resource values lost to the community as a result of the
project; and requirements to minimize the impact to the natural area of ongoing operation
and maintenance of the facility. The City Manager or his or her designee shall develop
and maintain a general list of resource protection standards that are applicable to natural
areas and conserved lands. This list, which is now maintained by the Natural Areas
Program may be modified from time to time based on the experience gained in managing
easements, developing knowledge about the resource values of the City’s natural areas
and conserved lands, and improved knowledge related to best management practices
needed to protect the natural values of the City’s properties and to reflect specific
circumstances or concerns in connection with a particular easement or project.
7
COMPENSATION AND MITIGATION:
As a condition of approval of any easement or right of way, the City will require cash
compensation for the value of the permanent and temporary easements and for the
administrative costs of processing and managing the easement, except where there is
offsetting value and benefit to the Natural Areas Program. In addition, the City will
require compensation for the loss of ecological service values, recreation values, and
other intrinsic values of the property. Compensation for the value of the land and for
damages will be based on fair market value as determined by accepted appraisal
techniques. Compensation for loss in ecological services and recreation use will be based
on values reported in appropriate professional and technical publications. Compensation
for losses in ecological services and recreation use may be negotiated to be paid in cash
or through the completion of appropriate mitigation measures. Additional fees assessed
for other costs associated with processing the easement request and approval process,
overseeing construction activities, and managing the easement following construction
will be based on the estimated actual costs of the service provided. In general,
compensation and fees will be administered so as to result in a net benefit to the Natural
Areas Program.
**New Section**
PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REVIEW PROCESS:
In addition to the formal advisory board and City Council review procedures described
below, any party requesting an easement on City-owned natural area or conserved land
will be required to arrange for a public meeting at which information regarding the
proposed easement and related project will be provided, and at which questions regarding
the easement and related project will be taken. The party requesting the easement shall
be responsible for ensuring that responses are provided to questions asked at the meeting
to the extent practicable, and that such questions and responses and any input received at
the meeting are documented and provided to City staff. The party requesting the
easement shall be responsible for providing timely and meaningful notice to the general
public in advance of any such public meeting.
ADVISORY BOARD AND COUNCIL REVIEW:
Granting an easement or right-of-way conveys a property right, and must be approved by
the City Council by ordinance. The Land Conservation and Stewardship Board will also
review the easement proposal and make a recommendation in its advisory role to the City
Council. City staff will be responsible for working with the applicant on the application
process, reviewing and evaluating the application, and making a recommendation to both
the Land Conservation and Stewardship Board and the City Council. If an easement is
granted by the City Council, staff will be responsible for overseeing and managing the
easement and ensuring that the conditions of the grant are met.
APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS AND REVIEW PROCESS:
In addition to this Policy, the City Manager or his designee will establish procedures for
reviewing applications for easements and rights–of-way that affect City-owned natural
areas and conserved lands. These procedures shall establish the fees, necessary steps and
information requirements for the timely consideration of requests for easements or rights-
of-way. The City Manager or his or her designee will ensure that easement requests are
presented to City Council for decision in a timely manner.
Page 1 of 6
General Resource Protection Standards
for
Easements or Rights of Way
on
City of Fort Collins (“City”)
Natural Areas and Conserved Lands
Introduction
This document lists the various resource protection standards that may be required as
conditions of granting an easement, license to enter or right-of-way (collectively referred
to in this document as “easements”) on City Natural Areas and other conserved lands,
in order to protect or restore natural resource values. These measures are consistent
with the requirements in the City Land Use Code for Ecological Characterization Studies
and for Resource Protection associated with development projects. The measures will
be evaluated for each easement request and applied as needed, depending on the site
location, characteristics of the site, and on the nature of the easement.
The applicable resource protection standards will be specifically included in the terms of
the easement agreement. They must also be included as notes on the approved
construction plans for the easement request. The easement holder (“Grantee”) must
provide these standards to all contractors who will be doing work for the Grantee within
the easement area. The City may also attach some or all of these requirements as an
addendum to the Grantee’s Development Agreement, if applicable.
These resource protection standards are current as of June 2011. They may be
updated from time to time by the Natural Resources Department based on new
information about the resources of the City’s natural areas or on new information about
best management practices. Applicants must contact the Natural Resources
Department for a current list of standards.
The Grantee is responsible for completing, or requiring its contractors to complete, each
of the following conditions that the City determines is applicable to the Grantee’s
project:
Plans and Permits
Prior to starting any construction on the Project:
1. Submit final plans to the City and ensure that they have been approved and
signed on behalf of the City. Confirm that all permanent and temporary
easements have been approved by City Council and that the easement
documents have been signed by both parties and recorded at the County Clerk’s
Office. Plans must include: 1’-2’ contours; property lines with adjoining property
ownership shown; all wetlands; streams; ditches; riparian areas; prairie dog
colonies; all existing and proposed man made structures; all existing utilities; all
ATTACHMENT 2
Page 2 of 6
needed easements for access, construction staging areas, and construction (limits
of disturbance); construction plans and profiles; restoration plans; and general
notes stating all construction and restoration requirements.
2. Obtain a City Excavation Permit.
3. Perform field investigations and surveys to determine the presence and location of
sensitive plants or animal species and geological or archeological features.
4. Develop an erosion control plan. This plan must comply with the City’s Storm
Drainage Design Criteria and Construction Standards. Ensure that the erosion
control plan has been approved and signed by the City.
5. Contact the Corps of Engineers to obtain a 404 permit and/or clearance of the
project. Submit two copies of the permit, or the letter of clearance from the Corps,
to the City.
6. Conduct a Preble’s meadow jumping mouse survey according to U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service guidelines. Submit two copies of the report and letter of clearance
from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to the City.
7. Conduct a Ute ladies’ tresses orchid survey according to U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service guidelines. Submit two copies of the report and letter of clearance from
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to the City.
Construction Coordination and Project Acceptance
8. Arrange for the City’s designated representative to attend the pre-construction
meeting to meet the contractors, discuss the importance of the resource protection
requirements, discuss and approve the construction schedule and establish lines
of communication to be used during construction.
9. Maintain ongoing communication with the City’s representative during construction
to communicate progress, changes in schedule, problems, and periodic
inspections.
10. Once the project has been completed, arrange for the City’s representative to
inspect the project site to verify that the project was completed and the site
restored according to the applicable plans and agreements. Once the City
accepts the restoration work, the City will generally take over the vegetation
maintenance, per the specific terms of the easement agreement.
11. Provide the City with Drawings of Record within sixty (60) days after the
completion of the improvements.
Page 3 of 6
Wildlife
12. Raptors: Survey the site to determine if any of the following species are present
and check with the City for information on possible nesting, feeding or roosting
sites.
a. If the site is used as a winter feeding area by large birds of prey,
construction cannot take place from October 15 through March 15 to avoid
disturbing feeding eagles and large hawks, unless otherwise directed by
the City.
b. If a bald eagle and/or ferruginous hawk winter night roost is located near
the proposed easement, construction cannot take place from October 15
through March 15 to avoid disturbing night-roosting eagles and/or hawks.
c. If a Swainson’s hawk nest is located near the proposed easement,
construction cannot take place from April 1 through July 15 to avoid
disrupting the nesting cycle of the hawk.
d. If a red-tailed hawk nest is located near the proposed easement,
construction cannot take place from March 1 through July 15 to avoid
disrupting the nesting cycle of the hawk.
e. If burrowing owls are nesting within 330 feet of the limits of development,
construction cannot take place from April 1 through August 1 to avoid
disrupting the nesting cycle of the owls.
13. If construction will be taking place in or through an area that contains or may
contain prairie dogs, either relocate the prairie dogs or fumigate the burrows
immediately prior to any grading. Relocation of Prairie dogs between February 1
and August 1 is not permitted.
14. Perform the wildlife surveys described below, notify the City of the survey results
and obtain approval of construction schedule prior to starting construction. These
surveys may be done several months prior to construction, but if done more than
30 days prior to construction they must be performed again within 30 days prior to
the start of construction to verify results.
a. The site may contain den sites for red foxes. Conduct surveys to determine
if any foxes are denning within 100 feet of the limits of development. If fox
are found to be denning within 100 feet, then construction cannot take place
during the normal denning and pup-rearing season (February 1 through
October 1).
b. The site may contain den sites for coyotes. Conduct surveys to determine if
any coyotes are denning within 300 feet of the limits of development. If
Page 4 of 6
coyotes are found to be denning within 300 feet, then construction cannot
take place during the normal denning and pup-rearing season (February 1
through October 1).
c. The site may contain den sites for badgers. Conduct surveys to determine if
any badgers are denning within 300 feet of the limits of development. If
badgers are found to be denning within 300 feet, then construction cannot
take place during the normal denning and young-rearing season (January 1
through August 1).
Plants
15. The site may contain plant species listed as rare in Colorado. If a rare plant is
discovered prior to or during construction activities, notify the City. The City may,
in its discretion, require the Grantee to remove all such plants within the limits of
disturbance prior to construction, keep plants alive and replant after construction
is completed, or the City may salvage existing plants and shrubs for transplanting
to other sites.
16. The site may contain native shrubs and/or trees that may be within the limits of
development. Any native shrubs/trees removed to allow construction or
damaged during construction must be replaced on a two-for-one/same species
basis. All replacement shrubs/trees must be 1-gallon container size and must be
warranted to survive for 2 complete growing seasons.
Structures
17. Remove, store, protect and replace any man-made structures (e.g., kiosks,
raptor perch poles, prairie dog barriers and fencing) within the limits of
disturbance.
18. Repair any damage to concrete bike trails, fences, parking lots, or any other
improvements caused directly or indirectly by the construction. Repair/replace
improvements immediately to current City standards, including matching the
color of the concrete.
Field Demarcation
19. Install orange construction fencing to mark the easement limits (limits of
disturbance) on the site. Do not begin any construction activities until the City’s
representative has approved the fence location.
20. Post temporary signs informing the public that this is the Grantee’s project and
indicating the purpose of the project and the Grantee’s phone number. Signs
must be posted at the locations designated by the City.
Page 5 of 6
Erosion Control
21. Have erosion control measures in place and approved by a City representative
prior to any construction.
Grading/Construction
22. For areas with native vegetation, strip topsoil in all areas of excavation to a depth
of 8 inches and stockpile separately. Wetland and upland soils must be
stockpiled separately from each other. Place the topsoil in an 8-inch layer on top
of the subsoil in the corresponding zone immediately following the completion of
construction.
23. For areas with non-native vegetation, strip the top 2 inches of topsoil from the
entire construction easement area and remove the topsoil from the site to
remove the non-native vegetation seed source. Then strip 8 inches of topsoil
from the area to be excavated and stockpile separately. Wetland and upland
soils must be stockpiled separately from each other. Place the topsoil in an 8-
inch layer on top of the subsoil in the corresponding zone immediately following
the completion of construction.
24. Maintain a safe work area and protect the safety and welfare of Grantee’s
employees, contractors or subcontractors, and the general public, including
without limitation providing barricades and safety fences around excavations and
drop-offs left open at the end of a work day. Safety precautions must be in
compliance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations.
25. Compact backfill in trenches to 95% Standard Proctor Density. Test the
compacted soils at 100’ intervals vertically and 2’ intervals horizontally within the
area of excavation to ensure that this requirement has been met. Submit to the
City all laboratory Proctor density results, and a copy of all field compaction tests.
After compaction to final subgrade (8” below finished grade), the top 6 inches of
subsoil must be ripped, and the previously stripped and stockpiled topsoil
materials spread evenly over the excavated areas. Soils in backfilled,
compacted, topsoiled trenches must match the grade of the surrounding
undisturbed areas.
26. Set all manhole covers, valve lids, vaults, etc. below or flush with the finished
topsoil surface. If any improvements are approved for construction above the
final grade, they must be painted with a color approved by the City.
27. Remove the upper sections of all existing manholes to be abandoned and fill the
holes with soil. This soil must be compacted to 95% Standard Proctor Density to
prevent settlement.
Page 6 of 6
28. Remove the upper sections of all existing manholes to be retained, but that are
not flush with the finished topsoil surface, and rebuild to be flush with the topsoil
surface.
29. Bring to grade (match surrounding topography) all settled and eroded areas
along the existing pipeline, if any, to be abandoned during construction of the
new pipeline. Repair any settlement that occurs over the existing pipeline or new
pipelines after completion and acceptance of the project by the City. Any
necessary repairs must be conducted in a manner and at a time directed by the
City. Repaired areas must be restored as per restoration requirements outlined
in this document or in the easement agreement.
30. Areas within the limits of disturbance that have been driven over, compacted or
rutted by equipment must be scarified to a depth of 8” and regraded to original
grade and contours.
31. Meet with the City’s representative to discuss and get approval of the final
grading and the seeding/mulching process prior to reseeding. Seed all disturbed
and topsoiled areas with a seed mix of native species specified by the City. The
seed must be drilled into the soil an appropriate depth for the species in the mix
and existing conditions, using a range drill (not a Brillion). Immediately following
seeding roll the seeded areas with a sheeps foot roller to lightly compact and
imprint the soil. This removes air voids, provides better seed-soil contact and
provides indention’s in the soil that will capture moisture. All seeded areas must
then be hydromulched in accordance with the City’s Storm Drainage Design
Criteria and Construction Standards. Following final grading and initial seeding of
the Construction Easement Area and acceptance by the City, the City will be
responsible for ongoing vegetation management, including weed control,
mowing, and reseeding, as needed, in areas disturbed and seeded in
accordance with this paragraph. The cost for the City to perform the vegetation
management over the next five to ten years is calculated to be three thousand
dollars ($3,000.00) per acre of disturbance based on grassland/shrubland cover
types. Vegetation management fees will be determined on a case-by-case basis
for other cover types.
Any requirements listed above that are not completed in a timely manner may be
corrected by the City at the Grantee’s expense. The City will bill the Grantee for the
cost of the correction plus management costs.
Page 1 of 5
Guidance Document: Compensation and Mitigation Requirements for Easements
on the City of Fort Collins Natural Areas and Conserved Lands.
November 2011
The mission of the Natural Areas Program is to “protect and enhance lands with existing
or potential natural areas values, lands that serve as community separators, agricultural
lands, and lands with scenic values. Protection of natural habitats and features is the
highest priority, while providing for education and recreation for the Fort Collins
community.”
Lands purchased and conserved by the Natural Areas Program (NAP) provide a wide
variety of benefits to the citizens of Fort Collins and Larimer County that include fish and
wildlife habitat, wildlife viewing, recreation opportunities, agricultural products,
community separation and simply the value provided by open space views. Other
benefits include water and air purification, water infiltration, flood control, habitat for
pollinators of crops and natural vegetation, erosion control, and maintenance of
biodiversity. Collectively these benefits are described as ecological goods and services
(also called natural goods and services) and represent resources and processes that are
supplied by natural ecosystems. Ecosystem goods are considered tangible items such as
food, timber, and natural fiber. Ecosystem services are less tangible but just as integral to
a healthy, functioning ecosystem. These services often go unnoticed and include such
items as water purification and flood control.
The conservation community has long recognized that ecological goods and services
have a financial value based in part on the fact they are difficult and costly to duplicate.
Numerous studies published in natural resource and economic literature have delineated
and quantified these ecological goods and services, and others have devised
methodologies for placing a value on the ecological goods and services provided by
conserved lands. NAP has selected a document prepared by the Trust for Public Land
titled A Return on Investment: The Economic Value of Colorado’s Conservation
Easements (see Attachment 1) to establish the value of ecological goods and services on
NAP lands. TPL conducted this analysis to determine Colorado’s return on investments
in conservation easements. As part of this project, TPL estimated the value of ecological
goods and services provided by conserved lands in Colorado based on information
gathered through a literature review of values previously calculated for the major land
cover types featured in the National Land Cover Dataset, created by the U.S. Geological
Survey. Ecological goods and services considered in the analysis include water supply,
flood control, fish and wildlife habitat, recreation, aesthetics, carbon sequestration,
dilution of waste water, erosion control, grazing, and agricultural crop production.
While, this synthesis document will be used to establish ecological goods and service
values for NAP conserved lands, NAP recognizes this is a growing field of study and will
continue to pursue opportunities to better define and adjust the values. In all cases,
ecological goods and service values will be adjusted on an annual basis based on the
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CPI-U. Table 1 provides the value per acre per year for the
cover types in Colorado; values are reported in 2011 dollars.
Compensation
ATTACHMENT 3
Page 2 of 5
The Natural Area Program owns and/or manages over 35,000 acres of land within Fort
Collins and in unincorporated Larimer County. As such, NAP is contacted with requests
for easements and rights-of-way that cross conserved lands. The general policy is to
avoid, to the maximum extent feasible, granting easements or rights-of-way for activities
that will adversely affect the use of the land for meeting the community’s goals for
natural area protection and or community shaping. When easements or rights-of-way are
authorized by City Council, efforts will be made to avoid and/or minimize environmental
impacts and NAP will be compensated for the value of the property.
Compensation to the NAP will be based on the property’s fair market real estate value as
determined by accepted appraisal techniques, and the value of the ecological goods and
services lost due or impacted by the project as described below in “Ecological Goods and
Services Calculation.”
Administration and Maintenance Fees
Once a site is disturbed, not only is the value of the natural goods and services lost for a
period of time, but it takes many hours of staff time to administer the restoration of the
disturbed site. A base administrative fee of $1,500 in 2011 dollars will be charged to
process easement requests. The fee will be paid by the Grantee at the time the easement
is granted. Staff will track its cost to administer the easement and will bill the Grantee
for any cost in excess of $1,500 at a rate of $100 per hour for staff time. Staff will
regularly inform the applicant of the costs the applicant is incurring during the
administrative process.
Following final grading and initial seeding of the disturbed site and acceptance by the
City, the NAP will be responsible for ongoing vegetation management, including weed
control, mowing, and reseeding, as needed. The cost for the City to perform the
vegetation management over the next five to ten years is calculated to be three thousand
dollars ($3,000.00) per acre of disturbance based on grassland / shrubland cover types.
Vegetation management fees will be determined for other cover types on a case-by-case
basis. The cost of this service will be evaluated and adjusted as needed.
Ecological Goods and Services Calculations
The length of time needed for ecological goods and services to return to a pre-disturbance
condition is difficult to predict. Since the time necessary for full restoration is difficult to
predict the following assumptions are made: (1) a period of ten years will be used to
estimate the length of time ecological goods and services are lost or reduced (2)
ecological goods and services are lost in full for the first five years and compensated at
one hundred percent (100%) of the assigned value, and (3) ecological goods and services
are partially restored in years six through ten and compensated at fifty percent (50%) of
the assigned value. Payment will be due in full at the time the easement is granted and
will be based on the entire ten year period.
Page 3 of 5
Table 1 provides the per acre per year value for the cover types in this area (from
Sargent-Michaud, J. 2010. A return on investment: The economic value of Colorado’s
conservation easements. The Trust for Public Lands)
Ecosystem Type Fee/Acre/Year
(2011 Dollars)
Mixed Forest $891
Deciduous Forest $890
Evergreen Forest $890
Emergent Herbaceous
Wetland $793
Woody Wetland $793
Scrub/shrub $617
Agriculture $286
Open Water $270
Developed – Low Density
Urban/Open Space $196
Developed – High Intensity
Urban $196
Shortgrass Prairie $88
Grassland/Herbaceous $86
Sagebrush $83
Barren N/A
Altered or Disturbed N/A
Developed –
Oil/Mine/Quarry N/A
Examples of Ecosystem Goods and Services Compensation
Two easements that had been already granted by the NAP were looked at again to use as
examples of how compensation for ecosystem goods and services would affect the fees
assessed to the grantee of the easement.
The first easement revisited was an 0.9 acre easement consisting of a 50 ft. wide
permanent, non-exclusive easement and a 75 ft. temporary construction easement. The
total compensation paid for the easement was $4,662.50, of which $1,500 was for the
Market value of the permanent easement, $400 for the temporary construction easement,
and $2,762.50 for the restoration of the site after the project was completed.
Page 4 of 5
If compensation for ecosystem goods and services (E.G.S.) were in implemented, the
additional compensation would be calculated as follows:
Land Cover
Type Acreage Value/Acre/Yr
Years 1 -5:
Assessed at
100% E.G.S.
Lost
Years 6 -10:
Assessed at
50% E.G.S.
Lost
Total Value of
E.G.S. Lost by
Land Cover
Type
Cultivated
Crops 0.57 $286 $815 $408 $1,223
Developed –
Low
Intensity/Open
Space
0.33 $196 $323 $162 $485
TOTAL $1,708
The $1,708 would be assessed in addition to the $4,662.50 that was originally charged for
a total of $6,370.50.
The second example is a 3.2 acre easement consisting of a 25 ft. permanent, non-
exclusive utility easement and a 30 ft. temporary construction easement. The total
compensation for the easement paid by the grantee was $48,531, of which $25,240 was
for the permanent easement, $6,011 for the temporary construction easement, and
$17,280 for the Restoration Management Fee. With lost E.G.S. lost compensation
calculated, additional compensation would be calculated as follows:
Land Cover
Type Acreage Value/Acre/Yr
Years 1 -5:
Assessed at
100% E.G.S.
Lost
Years 6 -10:
Assessed at
50% E.G.S.
Lost
Total Value of
E.G.S. Lost by
Land Cover
Type
Cultivated
Crops 0.837 $286 $1,197 $598 $1,795
Grasslands/Her
baceous 0.265 $86 $114 $57 $171
Developed –
Medium
Density
.097 $196 $95 $48 $143
Developed –
Low
Intensity/Open
Space
1.58 $196 $1,548 $774 $2,322
Page 5 of 5
On-site or Off-site Mitigation
NAP may select cash or mitigation as compensation for the loss in natural goods and
services. Mitigation projects may occur on or off-site and include such items as:
Habitat or vegetation restoration beyond what is disturbed by the project,
Trail construction or repair
Natural Area Public Facility upgrade or repair
Removal or undergrounding of above ground features.
Preference will be given to mitigation projects that occur within or adjacent to the Natural
Area affected by the easement. If additional acres are restored, preference will be given
to the restoration of the same cover type within or adjacent to the affected Natural Area.
In all cases, the site impacted by the easement project will be restored and the mitigation
project approved by Council.
Page 1 of 2
ATTACHMENT 4
Guidance Document: Alternatives Analysis for Easements on City of Fort Collins
Natural Areas and Conserved Lands (December 2011)
As stated in the City of Fort Collins Natural Areas and Conserved Lands Easement Policy
“In general, a right of way or easement across a City-owned natural area or conserved
land will only be approved if it is the only reasonable alternative, considering
environmental impacts, impacts to the recreation uses of the natural area by the
community, financial costs, engineering feasibility, public health and safety and other
appropriate factors. Applications for easements or rights-of-way must identify and
evaluate the environmental impact, engineering feasibility, and the cost of alternatives
that do not affect the city-owned natural area or conserved land. Depending on the type
of proposal, alternatives will need to consider both alternative locations for the facility as
well as alternative designs. The number of potential alternatives to be considered will
depend on the location and nature of the proposal, but must be sufficient to allow City
staff, the Land Conservation and Stewardship Board, and City Council to evaluate the
cost and environmental impact of the available alternatives for meeting the intent of the
proposal. Applicants should expect to provide information on the available alternatives
at a level of detail to allow independent review of the conclusions by City staff or outside
consultants retained by the City to assess the easement request.”
Prior to providing the information required by this section, the Applicant must meet with
a representative of the Natural Areas Program to discuss alternate routes and alternate
designs that must be considered in the Alternatives Analysis.
The following information should be included within the Alternatives Analysis provided
by the applicant.
1. A map of appropriate scale that clearly identifies alternate routes considered for
the easement both on and off City-owned property.
2. A written description of the environmental impacts, engineering feasibility, and
project cost for each alternate route including supporting documentation on
feasibility and costs. The written description shall summarize the wildlife and
vegetation survey information and recreation and wildlife structure information
described in the Plans and Permits, Wildlife, Plant, and Structures sections of the
Resource Protection Standards.
3. A written description of any anticipated recreation impacts that will result from
the City granting of the easement or right-of-way.
4. A map of appropriate scale that clearly identifies the location of the requested
easement or right-of-way on City-owned property (including temporary
construction easements and access easements).
5. A written description of public safety benefits from the use of the City-owned
natural area or conserved land.
Page 2 of 2
6. A written summary describing the environmental impacts, recreation impacts,
cost savings, engineering feasibility, and public safety issues avoided by selection
of the proposed route on City-owned land.
7. A written description of the restoration and/or mitigation plans related to the
project on City-owned land how these activities will benefit the City.
8. A map of appropriate scale showing the location of proposed mitigation activities.
9. A summary of the input received from the public at the required public meeting
and all other input received from the public.
Based upon the information received from the applicant, public input, Land Conservation
and Stewardship Board input, the Policy requirements, and staff research; staff will
analyze the alternatives and make its recommendation to the LCSB and Council for
approval or denial.
ATTACHMENT 5
1
Excerpt – Land Conservation and Stewardship Board
Wednesday, September 14, 2011
Utility Easement Policy Discussion
Figgs: The City of Fort Collins Natural Areas and Open Lands Easement
Policy was adopted by Resolution in 2001. To date, approximately forty
easements have been granted by the City under this Policy.
Recently City Council requested staff to review the easement policy and
recommended appropriate changes for adoption by Council. Once
revisions are finalized, staff will present the revised policy to the Land
Conservation and Stewardship Board for their consideration and
recommendation for City Council adoption.
Revisions to the Policy being considered by Natural Areas staff are:
o Fee Structure and Restoration/Mitigation
o Existing easements (previously granted by the City or in place at
the time of acquisition)
o Easements that occur on private lands encumbered by
Conservation Easements
Knowlton: Have you looked at other places like Boulder?
Figgs: That is part of what we are doing as well.
Scharton: We are on the front edge of fee structure and restoration
requirements.
Quayle: Where I work, when restoring the army land, we set up a success
rate area and it has to meet those criteria before transferring the land.
Figgs: We have that as well, and how we typically do it is to allow them
to do their own restoration to our performance standards. The more
common way is once the initial restoration is complete, as long as it is to
our specifications, we would receive payment per acre and we would,
instead of them, manage the site through the restoration standard. We
would then fold that into our day to day management activities.
Stanley: I like the ecosystem service value very much and others will
follow.
Cameron: I like the ecosystem service value also.
Daggett: We have gotten better over time; including specific requirements
for the kinds of things that we have learned are helpful like,
communication, and plan review. Early in the program the easements had
a lot less of this language. We are now watching for opportunities to try
and leverage for instance, if they need a construction easement, it would
give us an opportunity to negotiate something with them, maybe even an
internal easement.
Knowlton: It could also happen that in the future we could acquire a piece
of land that would have an existing easement.
Figgs: There is a second parallel project that Justin Scharton is working on
where we are currently going back and looking at the properties that we
ATTACHMENT 6
2
hold title to and looking at the easements that are in place and figuring out
which ones are in use and which ones can be vacated.
Daggett: We may be able to argue that some of them were abandoned and
now is the time to do this.
Figgs: Even though our policy hasn’t changed since 2001, the resource
protection standards and easements have evolved.
Germany: I agree that you should be looking at this policy and reviewing
the easements that exist and making them more restrictive or specific if at
all possible.
Haines: Could you explain the ecosystem service value.
Figgs: Generally what they are based on is several criteria or several
parameters, anywhere from carbon storage, water purification and
filtration. It applies utilitarian values to land, and it also has values
associated with wildlife habitat.
Stanley: There is a lot of research in this area; it’s not new in terms of
application.
Grimes: How do you quantify it?
Scharton: The Trust for Public Land (TPL) document took research from a
lot of different areas for example, studies from herbaceous wetlands to
agricultural developing and everything in between with the wetlands being
most economically beneficial down to a highly developed altered state.
The quantifying goes by the natural land cover data set, which is an easily
quantifiable GIS tool.
Haines: Do you put a value on opportunity costs, because when you are
watching over these easements you’re not doing other things.
Figgs: We do not and I’ve struggled with that mostly from a restoration
standpoint. How I was trying to get at it was with the ratio of mitigation
of one acre disturbed two acres replaced, and work it into the ecosystem
service formula.
Haines: When this happens on private land how are these things done in
terms of what the private landowner requires?
Figgs: There would be a negotiation between buyer and seller.
Sears: If we can walk away from an easement with the citizens satisfied it
is a win, win situation.
Daggett: Sometimes there is a situation where we are dealing with an
entity that would ultimately have the power to take what they want if we
don’t give it to them. We have to be careful to bring them along so that
they want to cooperate with us and don’t give up.
Haines: A lot of these agencies want to do the right thing too. Is there a
way to build in that approach of saying we’d like to be made whole plus?
Sears: Our goal is that this is as much a win for the Natural Areas program
or the Natural Areas site as it is for the agency.
Daggett: We can explain a rational as to why something makes sense, and
give the party that wants the easements a way to justify internally for
themselves why they should go along with what we are asking.
3
Cameron: The Legacy Land Trust holds the easements over your
properties and when you are looking at making yourself whole, include
making the entity pay for the cost that it takes to make adjustments and
include the Legacy Land Trust and its staff review costs also.
Figgs: That’s a good point, thank you.
Sears: I’m advocating whole plus because, if an agency is going to put a
line across our property as opposed to having to put it under a street, they
are coming out whole plus likely, it will save them a substantial amount of
money from going somewhere other than across or adjacent our natural
areas. They are getting an economic advantage.
Figgs: I will gather up the comments received, and provide a redlined
version of the revised policy hopefully in October. There is an internal
review process that the policy will go through; we will then bring it back
to this Board for recommendation.
Excerpt – Land Conservation and Stewardship Board
Wednesday, October 12, 2011
Utility Easement Policy Update/Discussion
Figgs reviewed the Draft Proposed Changes from the City of Fort Collins Natural Areas
and Open Lands Easement policy. This was a discussion item in an effort to gather input
from the Board and finalize the proposed revisions to the Policy. No formal action by the
Board was requested at this time. Staff will bring the Policy back to the Board in
November or December for the Board’s recommendation to Council.
Cameron: When conservation easements are held by others on Natural Areas
property, that entity should be notified when a request is coming in for an easement.
Should that be in the Policy?
Figgs: Yes, I think it should be.
RESOLUTION 2011-112
OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS
ADOPTING AN UPDATED POLICY FOR THE REVIEW AND APPROVAL
OF EASEMENTS ON CITY NATURAL AREAS AND CONSERVED LANDS
WHEREAS, the City has acquired and designated natural areas and open space properties
for the benefit of the citizens of the City, using multiple local, County and State funding sources
intended for the conservation of natural areas and open lands; and
WHEREAS, the City is responsible for managing its natural areas and other conserved lands
in a manner that protects the natural features and functions for which those properties were acquired;
and
WHEREAS, the City from time to time receives requests for easements and other
encroachments on City natural areas and other conserved properties, which requests are typically
reviewed by City Natural Areas Program staff, the Land Conservation and Stewardship Board, and
such other interested City staff or advisory boards or commissions as may be appropriate given the
specific circumstances; and
WHEREAS, after staff and advisory board review, easement requests are then presented to
the City Council for approval pursuant to City Code Section 23-111; and
WHEREAS, in July 2011, the City Council adopted Resolution 2001-094, establishing a
policy for review and approval of easements on City natural areas and open lands, in an effort to
document a standardized method of processing and evaluating such requests for easements and
encroachments; and
WHEREAS, as the City has acquired more natural areas and other conserved properties, and
as development pressure in the Fort Collins area has continued to increase, the number and
frequency of requests for such easements and encroachments has steadily increased, and will likely
continue to increase; and
WHEREAS, based on the City’s growing experience with the management and review of
easements on City property, and particularly on natural areas and conserved lands, staff has
developed an updated policy outlining the various requirements, considerations and standards that
will serve as a guideline in the future processing of easement requests, which policy is attached
hereto as Exhibit “A” and incorporated herein by this reference (the “Easement Policy”); and
WHEREAS, at its work session on November 30, 2011, the City Council reviewed a draft
of the Policy; and
WHEREAS, the Land Conservation and Stewardship Board discussed and reviewed a draft
of the Policy at its regular meetings on December 14, 2011, and voted to recommend that the City
Council approve the Easement Policy; and
WHEREAS, in light of the comments received by staff from the Land Conservation and
Stewardship Board and from the City Council, staff has refined and added language to the Easement
Policy to clarify and describe expectations regarding certain items, including the addition of a
requirement for a public meeting to be conducted by the party requesting an easement, language
regarding easements related to oil and gas and minerals exploration, and other various items; and
WHEREAS, the City Council believes that the adoption and implementation of the Easement
Policy will provide clear guidelines for City staff and for persons seeking to acquire easements on
City natural area or other conserved property, and will assist with the protection of those properties
and facilitate the effective and efficient processing of requested easements and encumbrances; and
WHEREAS, for the foregoing reasons, the City Council wishes to approve the Easement
Policy.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT
COLLINS as follows:
Section 1. That the City Council hereby approves and adopts the Easement Policy.
Section 2. That the City Council hereby directs the City Manager to receive, review and
present for City Council consideration as appropriate in accordance with the Easement Policy,
requests for easements on City properties acquired with funds dedicated to the acquisition of natural
areas and other conserved property, properties otherwise managed and operated by the City for
natural areas purposes, and properties on which the City has acquired a conservation easement.
Passed and adopted at a regular meeting of the Council of the City of Fort Collins this 20th
day of December A.D. 2011.
Mayor
ATTEST:
City Clerk
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EXHIBIT A
CITY OF FORT COLLINS
NATURAL AREAS AND CONSERVED LANDS
EASEMENT POLICY
Adopted December 20, 2011
PURPOSE:
The purpose of the policy statement is to clarify the policies and procedures of the City of Fort
Collins (“City”) with respect to requests for easements or rights-of-way that affect publicly
owned Natural Areas or other lands that are managed by the Natural Resources Department;
lands owned in part by the Natural Resources Department; and private lands with Conservation
Easements held by the Natural Resources Department. The policy does not apply to requests for
easements or rights-of-way on or across other lands owned by the City.
APPLICABILITY:
The policy applies to requests for new easements or rights-of-way and to projects within existing
easements, as appropriate, which provide for a wide variety of purposes, including without
limitation, streets, water, sewer, drainage, flood control, electric power, wind generation, solar
generation, pipelines, oil and gas and minerals exploration, and telecommunications facilities.
The policy applies to projects of the City as well as those proposed by other public entities, such
as special Utility Districts, and private parties. The policy does not apply to trails, parking lots,
interpretive features or other facilities that are proposed as part of the management of public
natural areas.
GENERAL POLICY:
Most of the natural areas and other conserved lands addressed by these policies were acquired by
the City with dedicated funds from sales taxes that were approved by the voters of Fort Collins
or Larimer County for the specific purpose of protecting natural areas and conserved lands.
These lands are part of the fabric of the Fort Collins community, and are viewed as a type of
“community facility” intended to meet specific community goals.
For natural areas, the goal is to “preserve and protect natural areas within Fort Collins and the
Community Growth Management Area to provide habitat essential to the conservation of plants,
animals, and their associated ecosystems and to enrich the lives of citizens by providing
opportunities for education, scientific research, nature interpretation, art, fishing, wildlife
observation, hiking and other activities.”
For other types of conserved lands, e.g., agricultural areas, lands are protected to shape the
physical structure of the community: These lands “provide the community with a well-defined
edge, establish community separators, direct growth, and preserve rural character.”
Requests for easements or rights-of-way that affect natural areas or other conserved lands must
be considered within this context. Accordingly, the general policy is to avoid, to the maximum
extent feasible, granting easements or rights-of-way for activities that will adversely affect the
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use of the land for meeting the community’s goals for natural area protection or community
shaping. Where easements or rights-of-way are authorized by ordinance of the City Council, the
general policy is to minimize the impact on the natural area or the community, to the maximum
extent feasible, by limiting the size and visibility of the area affected, managing construction or
other human activities with respect to their timing, duration, and frequency of occurrence, and
restoring affected areas to a condition that is equal to or better than the condition at the time the
easement is granted.
Because the natural areas and other conserved lands owned by the City are in many instances
within an urban context, it is recognized that easements and rights-of-way may be necessary to
allow for the orderly development of the community in accordance with the adopted Plan Fort
Collins (2011). Individual easement requests will be evaluated in accordance with both the
general policy and with the specific policies listed in following sections.
In addition, many properties owned by the City were subject to easements and rights-of-way
granted by prior owners at the time the City acquired them. The City will take advantage of any
opportunities to establish terms and conditions or specific project plans consistent with the terms
of this Policy in connection with any such prior
In connection with any work anticipated to take place within an existing easement, the City will
establish a mutually agreed plan for notification and consultation regarding the work. The City
will negotiate with the easement holder to establish a process for advance coordination,
scheduling and planning for avoidance of impacts and mitigation, if necessary.
SPECIFIC TYPES OF FACILITIES:
Public Streets. New public highways, roads, or streets will not be allowed within City-owned
natural areas or conserved lands, except for those specifically identified in the adopted City
Master Street Plan or comparable Master Transportation Plan adopted by the appropriate
governing body in cases where the natural area or conserved land is located outside of the city
limits of Fort Collins. Widening or other street improvement projects on existing streets within
natural areas or conserved lands will be allowed, consistent with the City Master Street Plan or
comparable adopted Master Transportation Plan. The City will work to influence the alignment
and design of any highway, road, or street improvement so as to avoid or minimize the effect on
the natural area or conserved land.
Private Streets or Other Private Access. Requests by private parties for private streets or
access easements to cross natural areas or conserved lands in order to gain access to a private
parcel of land will not be considered unless crossing the City’s property is the only feasible
means of providing access to a legal parcel of land, or unless determined to be beneficial for the
Natural Areas Program in the specific circumstances.
Overhead Electric Power, Telephone, or Cable Lines. New overhead cable lines will not be
allowed within any City-owned natural area or conserved land, unless determined to be
beneficial for the Natural Areas Program in the specific circumstances. Replacement of existing
overhead cables with underground cables will be encouraged unless the installation of
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underground lines will result in adverse impact to the natural area that is inconsistent with these
policies. Use of the latest technology reasonably available will also be encouraged.
Any change in above ground features (number of poles, pole height, number of wires, etc) within
easements granted by the City or granted prior to City ownership of the land (to the extent there
is an opportunity to negotiate or impose new conditions) will require review and approval by the
City.
Aboveground Structures. New buildings or other structures, including without limitation,
towers, transmitters, receiving stations, tanks, substations, or billboards, other than those of the
City, will not be allowed on City-owned natural areas or conserved lands. The City will seek
and take advantage of opportunities to require or negotiate for the undergrounding, avoidance or
removal of above-ground structures associated with existing infrastructure.
Underground Utility Cables or Pipelines. Consistent with standard practice within Fort
Collins, underground utility cables (e.g., electric, telephone, fiber optic, etc.) and pipelines (e.g.,
gas, water, sewer) will be located within the street and utility right-of-way adjacent to the natural
area or conserved land. In instances where the existing right-of-way does not conform to the
planned future street right-of-way as depicted on the applicable adopted Master Transportation
Plan, cable or pipeline easements will be located parallel to the existing roadway and within the
area encompassed by the future street and utility right-of-way.
Some larger utility transmission cables or pipelines are not typically placed beneath streets due to
reliability or safety concerns. In instances where the cable or pipeline cannot safely be placed
within the road right-of-way, it will be located as close as practicable, and parallel to the road
right-of-way.
Above-ground features associated with buried utility cables and pipelines will not be allowed on
City property unless required by applicable technical standards for public safety and utility
marking or other applicable legal or regulatory requirements. The location, color and height of
any such above-ground features must be approved by the City. The City will seek and take
advantage of opportunities to require or negotiate for the undergrounding, avoidance or removal
of above-ground structures associated with existing infrastructure.
Drainage Facilities for Private Development. Drainage facilities that serve new development
(such as detention, retention, or water quality ponds) shall be located on private land within the
development and not on City-owned natural areas or conserved land. Easements for conveyance
facilities will be considered on a case-by-case basis when the City-owned land is located
between the private parcel and the historic receiving channel or stream. The design of the new
flow conveyance must utilize existing drainages to the maximum extent feasible and must blend
into the surrounding terrain; must not impact the existing geomorphic character of the drainage;
and must enhance the natural habitat features and character of the site.
Requests will not be granted for easements by private entities to construct flood control or
drainage structures on natural areas or conserved lands to create developable land by removing it
from the floodplain, unless determined to be beneficial for the Natural Areas Program in the
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specific circumstances. Requests will be considered on a case by case basis for construction of
flood control measures to address existing flood hazards that threaten public health or safety; in
these cases, use of the natural area or conserved land must be the only reasonable alternative to
address the flood hazard and the structure or measure must be designed to minimize the impact
to the natural area.
Public Flood Control and Drainage Facilities. The City’s Natural Areas, Storm Drainage, and
Water Quality programs have a strong record of collaboration in the joint acquisition of land and
in the design of projects that meet multiple community needs. To the maximum extent feasible,
planning for storm drainage, water quality and natural areas and land conservation acquisitions
shall continue to be coordinated so that lands needed for all of these uses are purchased jointly.
Innovative approaches shall continue to be used so that flood control and water quality facilities
are designed, constructed, and managed to maintain or enhance natural area protection values
while meeting flood control, stream stability, and water quality needs. Easements or rights-of-
way for flood control structures or facilities will be considered on natural area or conserved land
when the facility is part of the implementation of an adopted basin-wide master plan (e.g., Canal
Importation Master Drainageway Plan, Poudre River Master Drainageway Plan).
Oil and Gas and Minerals Exploration. In connection with the exploration of oil and gas and
minerals resources, access, pipeline, and other types of easements may be requested. Such
requests, will not be considered unless crossing the City’s land is the only feasible means of
providing access to the location on which the oil and gas or minerals exploration will occur, or
unless determined to be beneficial for the Natural Areas Program in the specific circumstances.
Any easement for this type of activity will incorporate, to the extent applicable, the most current
Best Management Practices requirements developed for use in connection with oil and gas
exploration activities.
Conservation Easements. The owners of private property protected by a conservation easement
held by the City’s Natural Areas program may receive requests for easements across their
property for roads, utilities and other uses. Notice to the City of the easement request is
generally required in the applicable conservation easement, and property owners should notify
the Natural Areas Program of any such requests. Staff will consult with the property owner to
evaluate such requests on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the terms of the conservation
easement, the conservation values of the property, and this Policy, to the extent permissible. In
order to complete the appropriate review of any such requested easement, the City will obtain
information regarding the nature, scope, design, location, timetable and other material aspects of
the proposed activity, and evaluate the proposed activity to determine if it is permissible under,
and consistent with, the applicable conservation easement and the conservation values of the
property.
The City’s Natural Area Program owns lands protected with conservation easements held by
other entities. Once the City receives a request for an easement across these properties, the City
will notify the owner of the conservation easement. Staff will then work with the conservation
easement owner to evaluate such requests on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the terms
of the conservation easement, the conservation values of the property, and this Policy, to the
extent permissible.
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ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS:
In general, a right of way or easement across a City-owned natural area or conserved land will
only be approved if it is the only reasonable alternative, considering environmental impacts,
impacts to the recreation uses of the natural area by the community, financial costs, engineering
feasibility, public health and safety and other appropriate factors. Applications for easements or
rights-of-way must identify and evaluate the environmental impact, engineering feasibility, and
the cost of alternatives that do not affect the city-owned natural area or conserved land.
Depending on the type of proposal, alternatives will need to consider both alternative locations
for the facility as well as alternative designs. The number of potential alternatives to be
considered will depend on the location and nature of the proposal, but must be sufficient to allow
City staff, the Land Conservation and Stewardship Board, and City Council to evaluate the cost
and environmental impact of the available alternatives for meeting the intent of the proposal.
Applicants should expect to provide information on the available alternatives at a level of detail
to allow independent review of the conclusions by City staff or outside consultants retained by
the City to assess the easement request.
LAND USE CONSISTENCY:
Applicants for rights of way and easements must demonstrate that any development to be served
by the proposal is consistent with the Plan Fort Collins, the City’s Comprehensive Plan. Where
the purpose of the easement is to provide utility services to areas outside the land use jurisdiction
of the City, the applicant must demonstrate consistency with the adopted comprehensive plan of
the governing jurisdiction, and with any applicable growth management policies of the City.
Applications for easements that facilitate development or growth that is contrary to the policies
of the City will not be approved.
MASTER PLAN CONSISTENCY:
As a condition of approval, the applicant must demonstrate that the requested easement or right-
of-way is consistent with the adopted utility master plan or service plan for the area where the
easement is requested. The applicant must demonstrate that the proposed project is located and
designed appropriately to meet the future needs of the service area based on the adopted land use
plans and/or zoning in the area served. This requirement is intended to encourage thorough
planning, coordination among property owners, and to avoid multiple requests for easements or
premature expansion or modification of the facility before the end of its normal service life.
COORDINATION WITH OTHER ENTITIES:
Generally, the City will not grant exclusive easements. As a condition of approval, the applicant
must contact other utility service providers in the project vicinity to determine if they have
current or future plans for additional facilities in the area. To the extent feasible, the planning,
design, and construction of facilities shall be coordinated among utility providers to conserve
easement corridors and to avoid repeated construction activities that may affect the natural area
or conserved land. Applicants must provide copies of written requests for utility coordination
and the responses received from other service providers.
COMPLIANCE WITH EXISTING EASEMENTS:
Applicants must demonstrate compliance with the requirements of prior easements on land
subject to this Policy or other City property. Requests for new or additional easements will not
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be considered if the applicant has not met the requirements of existing easement agreements and
has failed to make diligent efforts to correct the situation after notification by the City.
RESOURCE PROTECTION STANDARDS:
As a condition of approval of any easement or right-of-way, the City will impose appropriate
measures to assure adequate resource protection for the natural area or conserved land. These
measures will be determined based on the characteristics of the proposal and the affected land,
but may include, without limitation: field investigations to determine the presence of sensitive
plants and wildlife; siting requirements to minimize the effect on natural resources; seasonal
timing restrictions to avoid impacts to wildlife or sensitive habitat during critical periods of the
year; access restrictions to control times and locations of access to the easement; construction
management measures to ensure that activities are restricted to designated areas, to control
erosion, to limit noise, or other impacts; restoration requirements to ensure the timely regrading
and revegetation of disturbed areas to a condition consistent with the future management of the
area; mitigation measures to replace resource values lost to the community as a result of the
project; and requirements to minimize the impact to the natural area of ongoing operation and
maintenance of the facility. The City Manager or his or her designee shall develop and maintain
a general list of resource protection standards that are applicable to natural areas and conserved
lands. This list, which is now maintained by the Natural Areas Program, may be modified from
time to time based on the experience gained in managing easements, developing knowledge
about the resource values of the City’s natural areas and conserved lands, and improved
knowledge related to best management practices needed to protect the natural values of the
City’s properties and to reflect specific circumstances or concerns in connection with a particular
easement or project.
COMPENSATION AND MITIGATION:
As a condition of approval of any easement or right of way, the City will require cash
compensation for the value of the permanent and temporary easements and for the administrative
costs of processing and managing the easement, except where there is offsetting value and
benefit to the Natural Areas Program. In addition, the City will require compensation for the loss
of ecological service values, recreation values, and other intrinsic values of the property.
Compensation for the value of the land and for damages will be based on fair market value as
determined by accepted appraisal techniques. Compensation for loss in ecological services and
recreation use will be based on values reported in appropriate professional and technical
publications. Compensation for losses in ecological services and recreation use may be
negotiated to be paid in cash or through the completion of appropriate mitigation measures.
Additional fees assessed for other costs associated with processing the easement request and
approval process, overseeing construction activities, and managing the easement following
construction will be based on the estimated actual costs of the service provided. In general,
compensation and fees will be administered so as to result in a net benefit to the Natural Areas
Program.
PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REVIEW PROCESS:
In addition to the formal advisory board and City Council review procedures described below,
the applicant requesting an easement on City-owned natural area or conserved land will be
required to arrange for a public meeting at which information regarding the proposed easement
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and related project will be provided, and at which questions regarding the easement and related
project will be taken. The applicant shall be responsible for ensuring that responses are provided
to questions asked at the meeting to the extent practicable, and that questions and responses and
any input received at the meeting are documented and provided to City staff. The applicant shall
be responsible for providing timely and meaningful notice to the general public in advance of
any such public meeting.
ADVISORY BOARD AND COUNCIL REVIEW:
Granting an easement or right-of-way conveys a property right, and must be approved by the
City Council by ordinance. The Land Conservation and Stewardship Board will also review the
easement proposal and make a recommendation in its advisory role to the City Council. City
staff will be responsible for working with the applicant on the application process, reviewing and
evaluating the application, and making a recommendation to both the Land Conservation and
Stewardship Board and the City Council. If an easement is granted by the City Council, staff
will be responsible for overseeing and managing the easement and ensuring that the conditions of
the grant are met.
APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS AND REVIEW PROCESS:
In addition to this Policy, the City Manager or his designee will establish procedures for
reviewing applications for easements and rights–of-way that affect City-owned natural areas and
conserved lands. These procedures shall establish the fees, necessary steps and information
requirements for the timely consideration of requests for easements or rights-of-way. The City
Manager or his or her designee will ensure that easement requests are presented to City Council
for decision in a timely manner.
TOTAL $4,431
The $4,431 would be assessed in addition to the $48,531 that was originally charged for a
total of $52,962.