HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOUNCIL - AGENDA ITEM - 06/03/2014 - RESOLUTION 2014-049 AMENDING THE WEST NILE VIRUS MAgenda Item 21
Item # 21 Page 1
AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY June 3, 2014
City Council
STAFF
Dan Weinheimer, Policy & Project Manager
Mike Calhoon, Parks Supervisor
SUBJECT
Resolution 2014-049 Amending the West Nile Virus Management Policy and Providing Direction to the City
Manager Regarding Implementation of the Program.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The purpose of this item is to adopt enhancements to the West Nile Virus Management Program. Staff is
presenting two options for Council consideration; both would update the West Nile Virus Management Policy.
The program changes being offered include dividing the City into operational zones, considering changes to
the program response guidelines (operational practices), implementing a limited business opt-out and
maintaining a residential opt-out program based on the pesticide sensitivity registry maintained by the
Colorado Department of Agriculture, and eliminating the Advisory Panel that advises the City Manager on
adulticide recommendations.
STAFF RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends adoption of Option B. This option improves the City’s West Nile Virus Management Program
while best reflecting the program objective of protecting human health. Recommended options include:
adopting a zone approach, removing the number of weekly human cases as a threshold for action, maintaining
the current vector index threshold at 0.75, implementing an opt-out program for impacted businesses with
education and to maintain a residential pesticide sensitivity registry opt-out, and eliminating the Advisory
Panel.
BACKGROUND / DISCUSSION
On May 6, 2014 the City Council reviewed options to enhance the West Nile Virus Management Plan. Options
presented to Council came from the West Nile Virus (WNV) Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) and from staff
after review of the 2013 season and historical data.
West Nile virus (WNV) has been in Colorado since 2002 and the threat of disease transmission is now an annual
concern. WNV is a disease transmitted to humans by Culex mosquitoes, which are the vector (source of
transmission). WNV-infected mosquitoes infect birds, which can then be bitten by many uninfected mosquitoes,
greatly amplifying vector abundance. Most people infected with WNV will have no symptoms. About 1 in 5 (20-25
percent) people who are infected will develop a fever with other symptoms. Less than 1 percent of people who are
infected will develop a serious neurologic illness such as encephalitis or meningitis (inflammation of the brain or
surrounding tissues). (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Vector-Borne Diseases (CDC
DVBD) information).
Fort Collins utilizes the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-recommended Integrated Pest
Management (IPM) approach to address WNV. IPM consists of a comprehensive series of evaluations, decisions
and controls to pest management with the goal of providing the safest, most effective, most economical, and
sustained remedy. IPM reduces the risk from pests while also reducing the risk from the overuse or inappropriate
Agenda Item 21
Item # 21 Page 2
use of hazardous chemical pest-control products. Every year the City convenes a WNV Technical Advisory
Committee (TAC) to review the previous season’s activities and recommend modifications to the WNV
Management Program Policy. This plan, do, check, act (PDCA) cycle instills continuous improvement in the WNV
Management Program.
Opt-out program
City Council directed staff to maintain the opt-out program for residents on the pesticide sensitivity registry and to
develop an opt-out program for businesses able to demonstrate a sustained economic impact. The State of
Colorado Department of Agriculture maintains the pesticide sensitivity registry; to be placed on the registry a
certificate must be signed by a licensed physician stating that an individual has a medical condition that makes
him/her sensitive to pesticides. Fort Collins has about 15 homes listed on the pesticide sensitivity registry. Those
homes are, depending on weather conditions, provided a 300 to 500 foot buffer from where spraying occurs. Staff
works with Colorado Mosquito Control (CMC), the City’s contractor, to ensure these pesticide sensitive residents
are protected.
A business opt-out program was recommended by members of the TAC. The TAC representative for urban
agriculture described concerns of food producers, namely that covering even small farms to protect them from
being sprayed with a pesticide is not feasible. Fort Collins has twenty six (26) registered community supported
agriculture (CSA) farms producing fruit, vegetables and herbs for sale at Farmers Market, wholesale and farm
stand. TAC members also described a similar challenge in covering bee hives used both for personal and
commercial use. Bees are susceptible to the pesticide used in an adulticide application, but the City attempts to
minimize impacts to bees by spraying after dusk when most bees are in the hive. Staff is also aware that some
research at CSU may be impacted by spraying near campus buildings. An opt-out for registered businesses -
agriculture, beekeepers, and research facilities - would prevent interference with those businesses. This option
would also require each business to participate in source reduction and personal protection education.
Businesses seeking to opt-out would need to demonstrate a direct, long-term financial hardship from the pesticide
application in order to exercise the option - the intent of the opt-out is to provide relief from financial losses. While
additional work would be needed to develop the exact parameters of this opt-out, the intent is to recognize
concerns about impacting scientific research and anecdotal evidence that consumers are less willing to purchase
produce when they know that a farm has been subject to a pesticide application. This option would also require
an additional technician to perform inspection and education throughout the annual season. Some TAC members
questioned whether the commercial interests of a business outweigh increasing disease transmission risks to
entire neighborhoods of the city.
Zones
City Council supported the concept of using zones. Staff plans to begin with four (4) zones in 2014 and work with
a statistician to determine the most effective zone program for future seasons. Breaking the City into smaller
areas using topographic and historical program data will create a more effective WNV Management Program.
Historical information indicates that mosquito activity is usually highest beginning in the southeast of Fort Collins
and along the eastern border, near I-25. A zone approach could allow for additional public information, larval
control, source reduction efforts, and adulticide intervention in these areas of highest disease activity.
The TAC has started to work with a Colorado State University (CSU) statistician who may be able to assist in
designing the optimal number and size of zones to ensure that the zones are small but still have enough traps
within each zone to be statistically relevant in the vector index calculation. The City would be able to affect the
number and size of zones based on the number of traps in the field - more traps in the data network could result
in more, smaller zones.
Adopting zones would apply to all aspects of the program, not just pesticide application, allowing targeted
communication and larval control in areas where the data network demonstrates higher human health risks. The
four zones that staff plans to adopt would reduce the area subject to an adulticide application, focus the program
on areas with a high vector index number, and allow for prompt response to an increased disease transmission
risk.
Agenda Item 21
Item # 21 Page 3
Human Case Threshold
Human cases are a lagging indicator because reports to public health officials by a doctor follow significantly after
a person is bitten by an infected mosquito. Human cases of transmission of WNV are reported three to four (3-4)
weeks after disease onset or four to five (4-5) weeks after transmission. Estimates from reviewing individual
cases indicate that, on average, cases were reported 22 days after symptoms began and symptoms begin about
one week after infection. Spraying in 2013 occurred about two weeks after the majority of reported individuals
were infected, but before the majority of cases were reported. This delay in the time from infection to reporting the
infection and City action can have serious public health impact. Human case identification lags more than other
information - the vector index is calculated weekly and so is a better estimation of virus risk. The vector index
takes into account mosquito abundance, infection rates of the trapped mosquitoes and the location of infected
mosquitoes.
The program response (operational) guidelines for Level III (peak season intervention) currently require that:
• More than one human case being reported per week in Fort Collins
- OR –
• More than one positive human blood donor reported for the season.
-AND-
• Culex mosquito populations increasing and at or above historical average by 1 standard deviation for that
time period
- OR –
• Mosquito infection rates of > 3.0 per thousand (0.3 percent) and increasing
- OR –
• Vector index > 0.75 and increasing
Reconciling Zones with a Human Case Threshold
Taken in context of the direction provided by City Council on May 6, 2014 regarding Zones and the Human
Case Threshold, retaining human cases, as discussed above, may compromise the effectiveness of the using
a treatment-zone approach.
Among the motions that City Council approved on May 6:
Four (4) zone approach to monitoring and spraying for the virus
Retaining the 0.75 vector index
Among the options that the Council declined to adopt on May 6:
Removing human cases from the program response guidelines
o More than one (at least two) human cases per week must be present to meet the threshold for
an adulticide application in a given week
Combined, these actions mean that staff will break the community into four (4) zones – staff proposes along
College Avenue and Drake Road in 2014 – but also apply all of the program response guideline thresholds to
each zone. In other words – each zone would need to have two human cases in a single week and a vector
index above 0.75 before it would reach the outbreak threshold and support an adulticide application
recommendation.
This means the likelihood of achieving a threshold necessary for emergency intervention, or adulticiding, is
highly unlikely. The vector index could go well above the 0.75 threshold, as happened in 2013, and yet there
could be no emergency application to break the disease transmission cycle unless human cases has been
reported. Staff recommends using the vector index as the primary threshold for adulticide application because
Agenda Item 21
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human cases are a lagging indicator, while the vector index uses real-time information gathered through
mosquito monitoring and testing to estimate the average number of infected mosquitoes. The vector index
provides an estimate of the risk of a WNV outbreak and allows the City to take action before an outbreak (i.e.
broad human cases) occurs.
The changes recommended by staff on May 6 were intertwined and when broken apart cannot be reconciled
into an approach that staff supports. Staff apologizes for not clarifying the irreconcilability in this context
before/during the meeting. In order to more effectively use the data provided through the City’s extensive
trapping network, staff strongly encourages the removal of human cases from the thresholds. Staff believes
this approach – utilizing the vector index in four zones and including the opt-out provisions for health-related
and business impacts – provides more effective West Nile virus control in smaller sections of town.
If Council is inclined to adopt the staff recommendation to eliminate the human case threshold, additional
direction should be provided to the City Manager regarding amending the program response guidelines
accordingly.
Advisory Panel
The 2008 WNV Management Program and Policy stipulate the use of a three-member Advisory Panel in weekly
review of in-season data and in evaluating the Larimer County Health Department's recommendations for an
adulticide application. In recent years the Technical Advisory Committee has met during the offseason to review
the City's response to WNV and recommend program improvements. The Advisory Panel is provided weekly data
gathered from the City's trapping network. Panel members have discussed that there is little room to interpret the
data provided other than to either concur with a recommendation to spray or to reject the recommendation.
West Nile Virus Management Policies Option A includes continuing the Advisory Panel but expanding the
membership from three (3) to five (5) members. The Advisory Panel would continue to review data on a weekly
basis in season and provide its analysis of the Larimer Health Director’s recommendations to spray. Option B
would eliminate the Advisory Panel and instead use a checklist of thresholds to consider whether the City should
adulticide. Staff recommends Council adopt Option B eliminating the Advisory Panel. Modifications to the program
response guidelines have removed a great deal of discretion from the Advisory Panel, some members who
participated in the TAC review of the 2013 WNV season noted that their review of a spray recommendation had
been reduced by improvements to the operational thresholds.
The primary functions of the Advisory Panel under the 2008 WNV Management Policy were additional evaluation
of seasonal data and communication to Boards. In the 2013 season review, the TAC recommended that staff
promote transparency and communication by publishing the weekly in-season WNV data on the City website
along with recommendations to spray received from the Larimer County Health Director and a checklist of the
program response thresholds. These steps promote transparency and fill the communication role that would be
vacated by the elimination of the Advisory Panel.
The WNV TAC will continue to meet each off-season to review the City's operations and propose enhancements.
The TAC provides recommendations to the City Manager. Both policy options include language creating a more
formal TAC membership by incorporating a specific number of members, member affiliation, and role for the
committee. While not replacing the Advisory Panel or its in-season role, the TAC serves an important role in
advising best practice-driven program improvements. Staff proposes that the TAC membership reflect several
constituencies, including, but not limited to, community members, health care, and science.
FINANCIAL / ECONOMIC IMPACTS
Additional staffing is needed to implement the business opt-out program educational outreach. Colorado
Mosquito Control, the City’s contractor, will handle this addition to the WNV Management Program and staff
will address budget modification.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
Applying a pesticide in some or all of Fort Collins represents an environmental impact. These WNV
management program enhancements are anticipated to reduce the need for and extent of an adulticide
application, in addition to a larvicide application, in the City. The larval control product used is deemed to have
Agenda Item 21
Item # 21 Page 5
a low environmental impact, but it does reduce the abundance of mosquito larvae which has a cascading
impact on species which feed upon larvae and adult mosquitoes. The aduticide product used may have
broader impacts on agricultural produce, honey bees and pesticide-sensitive populations. Staff works to
minimize the impact of spraying through the steps of the IPM approach.
BOARD / COMMISSION RECOMMENDATION
Staff has presented the TAC’s 2014 season recommendations to the Parks and Recreation Board, Air Quality
Advisory Board and to the Natural Resources Advisory Board for comment.
ATTACHMENTS
1. 2013 Mosquito Control Data (PDF)
2. WNV Response Plan 2013 (PDF)
3. Role of WNV Advisory Panel (2008) (PDF)
4. Powerpoint presentation (PDF)
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Total Highest Positive VI: 2.46 Pools: 12
Human Human WNV Case Cases: Rate: 55.7 8
Total Highest Positive VI: 0.41 Pools: 10
Human Human WNV Case Cases: Rate: 15.7 37
Total Highest Positive VI: 0.8 Pools: 14
Human Human WNV Case Cases: Rate: 66.6 31
Total Highest Positive VI: 0.91 Pools: 15
Human Human WNV Case Cases: Rate: 51.8 7
Total Highest Positive VI: 1.964 Pools: 62
Page 1 of 6
Program Response Guidelines to
Mosquito-Borne Arboviral Activity
March 2013
Off Season Activities
Status:
• No human cases occurring
• Mosquito activity none to very low
• Mosquito infection rates 0
• Vector index 0
Operational Response:
1. Routine post-season analysis of previous season’s data; assess response and
efficacy.
2. Analyze and map data from prior years to develop surveillance strategy and
select mosquito-trapping sites.
3. No mosquito testing.
Communication Activities:
1. Updating of public outreach plan with any new information (e.g. at-risk
populations).
2. Update FAQ’s and other information that may be needed if spraying occurs.
Page 2 of 6
Level I Early Season - June
Status:
• No human cases reported
• Evidence of average or lower than average Culex species mosquito
populations (as compared to available historical population data for the area)
• Mosquito infection rates < 2 per thousand (0.2%)
• Vector index < 0.5
Probability of Human Outbreak: Low
Operational Response:
1. Initiate surveillance program.
2. Initiate larval control activities June 1st.
3. Brief City Manager on surveillance activities, mosquito-borne virus
epidemiology and trigger points for recommendation of emergency control
measures.
Communication Activities:
1. Establish communication channels between appropriate City and County staff.
2. Ensure online information is up to date and prepare for ongoing, timely
updates.
3. Initiate public education program on mosquito source reduction and risk
reduction practices
Communication Topics:
o West Nile Virus basics
o Wear repellent
o Eliminate breeding sites
Page 3 of 6
Level II Peak Season – July thru August – Low West Nile Virus Activity
Status:
• Sporadic human cases are being reported
• No infected human blood donors have been reported
• Culex mosquito populations increasing, but below historical average for that
time period
• Mosquito infection rate < 2 per thousand (0.2%)
• Vector index < 0.5
Probability of Human Outbreak: Low – Moderate
Operational Response:
1. Analyze and map surveillance data to identify areas of increased risk.
2. Continue mosquito pool submissions from surveillance program for West Nile
virus testing with Colorado State University.
3. Brief City Manager on surveillance findings and need for quick action if
activity rapidly increases.
4. Increase larval monitoring and control where necessary.
5. Begin planning for adulticide control in the event that virus activity and Culex
populations rapidly rise.
Communication Activities:
1. Notify local agencies, media and the public of positive findings.
2. Increase public education activities
3. Continue to regularly update online information, including maps illustrating
risk areas.
4. Optional: targeted outreach to high-risk areas including:
a. Door hangers
b. Online outreach via NextDoor
c. Posters and signage
d. Coordination with Poudre School District and Colorado State
University
Communication Topics Overall:
o West Nile Virus Basics
o Wear repellent
o Eliminate breeding sites
o WNV policy and spraying decision parameters
o How to get notified of mosquito spraying
Communication Topics To Targeted Areas:
o West Nile Virus risks and symptoms
o Wear repellent
o WNV policy and spraying decision parameters
o How to get notified of mosquito spraying
Page 4 of 6
Level III Peak Season – July thru August – Increasing West Nile Virus Activity
Status:
• More than one human case being reported per week in Fort Collins – OR –
• More than one positive human blood donor reported for the season.
-AND-
• Culex mosquito populations increasing and at or above historical average by 1
standard deviation for that time period– OR –
• Mosquito infection rates of > 3.0 per thousand (0.3%) and increasing – OR –
• Vector index > 0.75 and increasing
Probability of Human Outbreak: High
Operational Response:
1. Enhanced communications between City and County regarding positive
findings and anticipated response activities. City Manager apprised of threat
levels and activities on an ongoing basis.
2. Identify geographic areas, by mapping surveillance data, where virus
transmission appears most active.
3. Continue larviciding activities.
4. In the event the Health Department recommends adulticide spraying and the
City Manager decides to proceed, commence adulticide operations.
Communication Activities:
1. Coordinate press releases and a wide range of other activities to keep the
public informed of affected areas, focusing on exposure risk reduction
practices and public education of the disease threat.
2. Intensify existing public education activities and initiate public
education/information on the adulticide program
3. Notify residents of affected and adjacent areas and people on the subscription
notification list.
4. Notify appropriate agricultural interests (i.e. bee keepers, organic growers,
etc.) and individuals on the Pesticide Sensitivity Registry of intended
adulticiding activities, times, affected areas, etc. Also notify residents in areas
that will not be part of the adulticide applications.
Communication Topics
o West Nile Virus risks and symptoms
o Wear repellent
o WNV policy and spraying decision parameters
o How to get notified of mosquito spraying
Page 5 of 6
Level IV Peak Season – July thru August – Emergency Level
Status:
• Multiple neuroinvasive human cases being reported in Fort Collins
- AND –
• Culex mosquito populations increasing and at or above historical average by 1
standard deviation for that time period
- AND –
• Sustained mosquito infection rates of > 5.0 per thousand (0.5%) – OR –
• Vector index > 0.75.
Probability of Human Outbreak: In progress
Operational Response:
1. Expand mosquito surveillance activities (i.e. population densities, vector
index and infection rates) to direct mosquito control efforts where risk to
exposure is greatest and to monitor pre- and post-adulticide treatment
conditions.
2. In the event the Health Department recommends additional adulticide
spraying and the City Manager decides to proceed, continue spraying.
3. Secure any needed emergency funding and document costs associated with
outbreak control.
Communication Activities:
1. Focus as many resources as possible on public education and information;
intensify all activities and involve public officials as spokespersons. Consider
emergency measures to restrict outdoor activities.
2. Continue public education and information on the adulticide program
including pesticides to be used, toxicity, application times, area of application,
exposure reduction suggestions, justification, FAQ’s, etc. Notify residents of
affected and adjacent areas and people on the subscription notification list.
3. Notify appropriate agricultural interests (i.e. bee keepers, organic growers,
etc.) and individuals on the Pesticide Sensitivity Registry of any continued
adulticiding activities, times, affected areas, etc. Also notify residents in areas
that will not be part of the adulticide applications
Communication Topics:
o West Nile Virus risks and symptoms
o Wear repellent
o WNV policy and spraying decision parameters
o How to get notified of mosquito spraying
Page 6 of 6
Spraying Communication Activities
1. Coordinate communication with Colorado State University and Poudre
School District for assistance in communicating spraying activities.
2. Focus all available resources on spraying notification.
Communication Topics:
o Spraying details: where and when
o High quality map (interactive?)
o Chemical used
o Precautions to take: people, pets, gardens
o Opt-out ability
o Future spray notifications
o WNV policy and spraying decision parameters
o Special event contact (i.e., if you are planning a special event outside,
please contact PERSON to coordinate spraying activities)
PENDING IDEAS UNDER FURTHER INVESTIGATION
• GPS tracking and real-time mapping of spray trucks
• Mobile app to notify of spraying activities
• Interactive online map of searchable addresses and spray zones
• Opt-in phone notification system
• Advisory Panel Orientation and Communication
WNV Advisory Committee
2008
Rational:
In 2003 the City began employing a contractor to supply services aimed at mitigating the risk of
WNV. In three of the years since then the County Health Department has made a
recommendation to utilize adulticides to reduce the WNV risk. The decision on whether or not
to adulticide is the responsibility of the City Manager.
Any recommendation by the County to adulticide is preceded by a detailed analysis of a number
of factors; the recommendation is usually communicated to the City via email. The current
process has caught many people off guard and causes concern and a variety of questions.
A three-person WNV Advisory Committee, appointed by the City Manager from existing Boards
and Commissions members and a member of the medical community would be tasked with
staying abreast of unfolding information about mosquito activity, West Nile virus infections, and
the many issues that come into play as the season progresses. This effort is coupled with
expanded public outreach activities on the part of City and County staff. In the event that a
recommendation of adulticiding is potentially forthcoming from the County, a series of updates
will be scheduled to ensure all relevant information is promptly distributed. In the event that
adulticiding is recommended by the County, the City Manager and the Advisory Committee will
be prepared.
The intent of the Advisory Committee is not to debate the merits of adulticiding or its’ potential
human health effects during an outbreak, but rather to stay aware of the situation, air any
questions or concerns, and act as an information conduit between the City Manager and
members’ respective Boards.
Advisors makeup and role:
1. One representative each from
- Air Quality Advisory Board
- Natural Resources Advisory Board
- Local medical community.
2. Act as local citizen advisors to City Manager during the WNV season
3. Board Liaisons are people with technical expertise who can give timely advice when needed,
including emergency situations where adulticiding may be recommended by the Health
Department
4. Stay well-informed, abreast of most recent data
5. Act as liaison with respective Board
6. Not decision makers, nor do they have veto power; decisions lie with City Manager
Process:
1. Liaisons will be included in informational emails from the Health Department and City staff
group. Also expected to access relevant online data sites, e.g. Colorado Mosquito Control
dashboard.
2. One meeting held early in season with City Manager; discuss and agree on communication
protocols.
3. Advisors stay in touch with City Manager as season progresses, share perspectives
4. Should adulticiding be recommended by Health Department, advisors will immediately
(within 24 hours) inform the City Manager of any concerns and/or suggestions.
1
West Nile Virus Management Plan
Enhancements
Agenda Item #21
June 3, 2014
2
West Nile Virus Program Purpose
“Reduce the risk of human WNV infection while
limiting adverse human health and environmental
impacts.”
-- West Nile Virus Management Policy
Adopted July 1, 2008
3
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
• Provide a wide range of public outreach and
education
• Extensive ongoing mosquito populations data
collection and monitoring, including WNV testing
• Aggressive larval control program focusing on
Culex mosquitoes
• Periodic review to ensure program efficacy
4
Fort Collins WNV Trap Network
5
Management Plan Action Areas
• Advisory Panel
• Program Response Guidelines
• Zones
• Opt-out Program
6
Advisory Panel
• Enhancements:
– Add transparency to decision-making
– Create participant manual for Panel
– Panelists participate in TAC meetings
• Actions:
– Eliminate Advisory Panel
– Increase Advisory Panel from 3 to 5 members
– Allow “current and former” Boardmembers
7
Program Response Guidelines
• Actions:
– Remove human cases as threshold
– Maintain the vector index at 0.75
8
Program Response Guidelines:
Human Case Threshold
• Lagging indicator
– Identified 2-3 weeks after transmission
• Reported on avg 22 days after symptom onset
– Threshold requires 2+ human cases in same
week
• Delays a health-related intervention
• Mosquito trap data optimal threshold for risk
9
Graphic provided by Larimer Co. Health Department
10
Vector Index
• Vector Index:
– Provides an estimate of the number of WNV-
infected mosquitoes collected from the trap
– Measure of disease transmission risk
• 2007-2012 vector index was 0.50
• 2013 raised vector index from 0.50 to 0.75
11
Zones
• Actions:
– Adopt a four (4) zone approach
– Research a flexible zone approach
12
Four Zones
13
Seven Zones
14
Opt-out Program
• Actions:
– Opt-out for pesticide sensitivity registry
– Opt-out for businesses with education
• Only those with long-term financial impact
15
Pesticide Sensitivity Opt-out
• Current practice
• Allows exclusion for health reasons
• Requires physician verification
• Currently includes about 15 homes in Fort Collins
• Operationally feasible practice
• Contractor provides between 300-500’ buffer
16
Business opt-out
• Exclusively for demonstrated long-term impact
– Urban agriculture
– Commercial beekeepers
– Research labs
• Applicant will complete education on:
– Source reduction
– Personal/employee protection
• Seeks to limit economic impact
• Contractor provides between 300-500’ buffer
17
Staff Recommendations
• Advisory Panel
– Eliminate Advisory Panel
• Program Response Guidelines
– Remove human cases as threshold and retain 0.75
vector index threshold
• Zones
– Adopt 4 zones for 2014 season
• Opt-out Program
– Retain pesticide sensitivity registry and allow limited
business opt-out with education
- 1 -
RESOLUTION 2014-049
OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS
AMENDING THE WEST NILE VIRUS MANAGEMENT POLICY
AND PROVIDING DIRECTION TO THE CITY MANAGER
REGARDING IMPLEMENTATION OF THE POLICY
WHEREAS, West Nile virus was first detected in the Fort Collins area in 2003 and poses
a significant health risk to the citizens of Fort Collins; and
WHEREAS, West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne disease primarily prevented through the
management of mosquito populations; and
WHEREAS, beginning in 2003, the City Manager has worked with the City Council to
evaluate and develop an approach for managing West Nile virus exposures in Fort Collins; and
WHEREAS, during the intervening years, the City has continued to investigate and
analyze alternatives and logistics for managing West Nile virus in Fort Collins; and
WHEREAS, it is generally accepted that West Nile virus will continue to be present in
the Fort Collins area in the foreseeable future; and
WHEREAS, in 2007, the City Manager formed a Technical Advisory Committee (the
"Committee") for the purpose of reviewing and making recommendations about the City's West
Nile virus management policy and response plans; and
WHEREAS, in 2008, based on its review, the Committee recommended that the City
employ a program response to manage the threat of West Nile virus using a series of actions,
each of which is driven by a number of factors, with all decisions as to how best to deal with the
threat of West Nile virus ultimately being subject to the discretion of the City Manager; and
WHEREAS, the Larimer County Department of Health and Environment (the "Health
Department") has provided, and continues to provide, assistance to the City in evaluating West
Nile virus risks and recommending the course of action for the City to take in managing those
risks; and
WHEREAS, the Committee and the City Manager have recommended that the Health
Department be consulted for recommendations regarding whether the relevant factors indicate
that adulticiding should proceed; and
WHEREAS, in response to the Committee and City Manager’s recommendations, the
City Council adopted Resolution 2008-062, refining the policy of City’s West Nile virus
management program (the “WNV program”) to incorporate evaluation of Health Department
seasonal data by a West Nile Virus Advisory Panel to include a member of the Larimer County
Medical Society; and
WHEREAS, the Committee and the City Manager recently recommended amendments to
the City West Nile virus management policy to revisit the role and composition of the West Nile
- 2 -
Virus Advisory Panel, create adulticide treatment zones, and allow pesticide-sensitive persons
and certain businesses to opt-out of adulticiding under the program; and
WHEREAS, at its regular meeting on May 6, 2014, the City Council considered the
recommendations of the Committee and City staff, received input from members of the public,
and directed the City Manager and City Attorney to prepare for its consideration a resolution
making various changes to the existing West Nile Virus Policy (the “Policy”); and
WHEREAS, the City Council is, through adoption of this Resolution, approving various
amendments to the Policy, based on the recommendations of the Committee and the City
Manager and the citizen input received at the May 6, 2014, City Council meeting.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF
FORT COLLINS that the City Council hereby adopts an Amended West Nile Virus Management
Policy, attached hereto as Exhibit A and incorporated herein by this reference, to govern and
guide the management of West Nile virus in Fort Collins.
Passed and adopted at a regular meeting of the Council of the City of Fort Collins this 3rd
day of June, A.D. 2014.
_________________________________
Mayor
ATTEST:
_____________________________
City Clerk
-1-
EXHIBIT A
OPTION A
West Nile Virus Management Policy
June 3, 2014
PURPOSE, GOAL, FOCUS:
The City of Fort Collins recognizes West Nile virus to be a public health issue. This West Nile
Virus Management Policy has been developed to reduce the incidence of city residents contracting
West Nile virus (a mosquito-borne virus). The overall goal of this policy is to create a framework
for execution of a program to reduce the risk of human West Nile virus infection, while limiting
adverse human health and environmental impacts.
The City's West Nile virus management program focuses on the following:
1. Providing a wide range of public education and outreach;
2. Ensuring extensive on-going mosquito population data collection and monitoring,
including extensive testing of samples for West Nile infection;
3. Executing an aggressive larval control program focused on Culex mosquitoes. This
program includes detailed mapping of larval habitat and ongoing monitoring and larvicide
applications; and
4. Periodic evaluation of the program for continued efficacy.
ROLE OF CITY MANAGER:
The City's West Nile virus management program (“WNV Program”) is implemented by the
City Manager using practices, specifications and administrative systems determined by the
City Manager to be appropriate in light of this Policy. The City Manager is also
responsible for making recommendations to City Council regarding amendments and
additions to this Policy
ADVISORY RESOURCES:
Public Health Authorities - The City recognizes the State of Colorado Department of Health and
the Larimer County Department of Health and Environment as the authorities on local
public health issues. The City's primary role in managing the threat of West Nile virus is to
inform and educate Fort Collins citizens, participate in regional public education and
outreach efforts, and administer a prevention-oriented mosquito management program.
Technical Advisory Committee - The City Manager is to be assisted in determining appropriate
Policy amendments or additions by a committee of up to ten (10) technical advisors. Such
committee members shall be selected by the City Manager based upon their technical
expertise, and willingness and ability to diligently attend to Policy developments, in addition
to supporting the City Manager's understanding of the impacts and interests of groups in the
City affected by the WNV Program.
West Nile Virus Advisory Panel - The City Manager is to be assisted in reaching determinations
regarding WNV Program implementation by the advice of an advisory panel of persons
appointed by the City Manager from among those currently or formerly serving on the
City Air Quality Advisory Board and the Natural Resources Advisory Board, as well as
representatives of the Larimer County Medical Society (the “WNV Advisory Panel”). The
City Manager may elect to appoint up to five members to the WNV Advisory Panel in
his/her discretion. In addition to its primary responsibility to advise the City Manager
regarding the recommendations of the Health Department, it is the Council's intent and
expectation that WNV Advisory Panel members will each continue to act as a liaison to
his/her respective advisory Board or Society.
PROGRAM METHOD:
The City applies adulticides only as an emergency response to a demonstrated increase in West
Nile virus risk. A recommendation to adulticide comes from the Larimer County Department of
Health and Environment and is reviewed by a City-appointed WNV Advisory Panel, which
provides separate comments to the City Manager. The decision to adulticide lies solely with the
City Manager.
Treatment Zones - Delivery of WNV Program services will be tailored based on conditions existing
in multiple treatment zones within the City, as determined by the City Manager relying on
historical data and information from the Larimer County Department of Health and
Environment. The specific number of treatment zones may fluctuate between and during
treatment seasons, as the City Manager may determine appropriate based on available data.
Opt-Out Options - In deploying WNV Program treatments, the City will offer an opt-out from
applications of adulticide treatments for those property owners whose names appear on the
Colorado Department of Agriculture Pesticide-Sensitive Registry.
The City Manager will also develop a set of metrics to qualify business properties that can
demonstrate specific hardships due to the impact of adulticide on their operations to request
exclusion of their properties from areas treated with adulticide. Such metrics will include
definition of the hardships that qualify for a business opt-out and how such business
properties will be monitored throughout a treatment season, relative to the WNV Program
goal to reduce the risk of human WNV infection.
Contractors - The City may use a contractor to carry out the majority of the program. When using
a contractor, the City defines a comprehensive scope of services to be provided and selects
a qualified contractor using an open bid and evaluation process.
-1-
EXHIBIT A
OPTION B
West Nile Virus Management Policy
June 3, 2014
PURPOSE, GOAL, FOCUS:
The City of Fort Collins recognizes West Nile virus to be a public health issue. This West Nile
Virus Management Policy has been developed to reduce the incidence of city residents contracting
West Nile virus (a mosquito-borne virus). The overall goal of this policy is to create a framework
for execution of a program to reduce the risk of human West Nile virus infection, while limiting
adverse human health and environmental impacts.
The City's West Nile virus management program focuses on the following:
1. Providing a wide range of public education and outreach;
2. Ensuring extensive on-going mosquito population data collection and monitoring,
including extensive testing of samples for West Nile infection;
3. Executing an aggressive larval control program focused on Culex mosquitoes. This
program includes detailed mapping of larval habitat and ongoing monitoring and larvicide
applications; and
4. Periodic evaluation of the program for continued efficacy.
ROLE OF CITY MANAGER:
The City's West Nile virus management program (“WNV Program”) is implemented by the
City Manager using practices, specifications and administrative systems determined by the
City Manager to be appropriate in light of this Policy. The City Manager is also
responsible for making recommendations to City Council regarding amendments and
additions to this Policy
ADVISORY RESOURCES:
Public Health Authorities - The City recognizes the State of Colorado Department of Health and
the Larimer County Department of Health and Environment as the authorities on local
public health issues. The City's primary role in managing the threat of West Nile virus is to
inform and educate Fort Collins citizens, participate in regional public education and
outreach efforts, and administer a prevention-oriented mosquito management program.
Technical Advisory Committee - The City Manager is to be assisted in determining appropriate
Policy amendments or additions by a committee of up to ten (10) technical advisors. Such
committee members shall be selected by the City Manager based upon their technical
expertise, and willingness and ability to diligently attend to Policy developments, in addition
to supporting the City Manager's understanding of the impacts and interests of groups in the
City affected by the WNV Program.
Among those appointed to the Committee, the City Manager shall appoint up to two
members each from those currently or formerly serving on the City Air Quality Advisory
Board and the Natural Resources Advisory Board, as well as a representative of the Larimer
County medical community. In addition to their primary responsibilities to advise the City
Manager regarding the recommendations of the Health Department, it is the Council's
intent and expectation that the Committee representatives from the Air Quality Advisory
Board and the Natural Resources Advisory Board will each act as a liaison to his/her
respective advisory Board.
PROGRAM METHOD:
The City applies adulticides only as an emergency response to a demonstrated increase in West
Nile virus risk. A recommendation to adulticide comes from the Larimer County Department of
Health and Environment and is reviewed by the City Manager with reference to administrative
program response guidelines. The decision to adulticide lies solely with the City Manager.
Treatment Zones - Delivery of WNV Program services will be tailored based on conditions existing
in multiple treatment zones within the City, as determined by the City Manager relying on
historical data and information from the Larimer County Department of Health and
Environment. The specific number of treatment zones may fluctuate between and during
treatment seasons, as the City Manager may determine appropriate based on available data.
Ability to Opt Out - In deploying WNV Program treatments, the City will offer the opportunity to opt
out from applications of adulticide treatments to those property owners whose names appear
on the Colorado Department of Agriculture Pesticide-Sensitive Registry.
The City Manager will also develop a set of metrics to identify business properties that will
be eligible to opt out on the basis of specific hardships due to the impact of adulticide on their
operations, which properties may request exclusion of their properties from areas treated with
adulticide. Such metrics will include definition of the hardships that qualify for a business
opt-out and how such business properties will be monitored throughout a treatment season,
relative to the WNV Program goal to reduce the risk of human WNV infection. The
decision whether to exempt such properties from adulticide treatments will be
discretionary with the City Manager.
Contractors - The City may use a contractor to carry out the majority of the program. When using
a contractor, the City defines a comprehensive scope of services to be provided and selects
a qualified contractor using an open bid and evaluation process.
Human Human WNV Case Cases: Rate: 84.15 1
Total Highest Positive VI: 1.24 Pools: 27
Human Human WNV Case Cases: Rate: 29.7 41
Total Highest Positive VI: 0.52 Pools: 13
Human Human WNV Case Cases: Rate: 28.6 6
2013 Mosquito Control
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CMC Larval Site Survey
Urban Farm/Garden
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County Spray Area for Routing
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Path: K:\ArcMapProjects\Parks\Mosquito\Date:mxd Maps\MosquitoControlLayerCollection.January 29, 2014
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