HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOUNCIL - AGENDA ITEM - 10/04/2011 - ITEMS RELATING TO TURFGRASS AND UPDATING RELATED CDATE: October 4, 2011
STAFF: Laurie D’Audney
Beth Sowder
AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY
FORT COLLINS CITY COUNCIL 9
SUBJECT
Items Relating to Turfgrass and Updating Related City Code References.
A. Second Reading of Ordinance No. 124, 2011, Amending Article IV of Chapter 20 of the City Code Regarding
Weeds, Grass and Rubbish.
B. Second Reading of Ordinance No. 125, 2011, Amending Article VII of Chapter 12 of the City Code Regarding
Resource Conservation.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
City Code currently requires that all weeds and grasses (except “ornamental” grasses which cannot exceed twenty
percent of the landscape) be kept to a maximum of six inches in height. These Ordinances, unanimously adopted on
First Reading on September 20, 2011, will allow certain grass types to be exempt from the current six inch height limit.
The Code amendments will serve to promote water conservation, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and provide
options for Fort Collins residents who are interested in using water-wise turfgrass. The grass types that would be
exempt are Blue Grama and Buffalograss, and they would have a height limit of twelve inches.
STAFF RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends adoption of the Ordinance on Second Reading.
ATTACHMENTS
1. Copy of First Reading Agenda Item Summary - September 20, 2011
(w/o attachments)
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ATTACHMENT 1
DATE: September 20, 2011
STAFF: Laurie D’Audney
Beth Sowder
AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY
FORT COLLINS CITY COUNCIL 15
SUBJECT
Items Relating to Turfgrass and Updating Related City Code References.
A. First Reading of Ordinance No. 124, 2011, Amending Article IV of Chapter 20 of the City Code Regarding
Weeds, Grass and Rubbish.
B. First Reading of Ordinance No. 125, 2011, Amending Article VII of Chapter 12 of the City Code Regarding
Resource Conservation.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In an effort to promote water conservation, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and provide options for Fort Collins
residents who are interested in using water-wise turfgrass, these Code amendments allow certain grass types to be
exempt from the current six inch height limit. The grass types that would be exempt are Blue Grama and Buffalograss,
and they would have a height limit of twelve inches.
BACKGROUND / DISCUSSION
City Code Section 20-42 requires that all weeds and grasses (except “ornamental” grasses which cannot exceed
twenty percent of the landscape) be kept to a maximum of six inches in height. In recent years, staff has heard from
citizens who would like to grow certain types of water-wise turfgrass. Some of these grasses need to grow higher than
six inches in order to thrive.
It is currently against City Code to have a yard of any grass or weeds in excess of six inches. During the past growing
season, Code Compliance Inspectors have sent violation notices to properties using water-wise turfgrass species that
were exceeding the height limit. This brought to light inconsistencies with the City’s messages encouraging
conservation and how the weed/grass height code is enforced.
Staff discussions and research looked at what other communities are doing regarding weed/grass height limits, the
allowance of certain native grasses, and the encouragement of water conservation through landscape decisions. Staff
also examined current policies and sought the advice of local experts.
City policies, as well as proposed policies in Plan Fort Collins, include strong messages to encourage water
conservation and to require quality and ecologically sound landscape design. Colleagues at both Colorado State
University and the Larimer County Extension Offices agreed that water conserving landscapes should be encouraged,
and they provided their input regarding which grasses should be exempt from the six inch height limit.
Staff is not aware of many properties in Fort Collins that currently have water-wise turfgrass. If adopted, this
amendment could encourage more people to use water-wise turfgrass within their landscape. Water-wise turfgrass
helps conserve water and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The water conservation can be significant – Blue Grama
and Buffalograss need about three-quarter inch of water every two weeks; bluegrass needs about one and one-half
inch per week. This equates to about one-quarter of the water use when using water-wise turfgrass.
The staff team recommends amending Code Section 20-42 to provide an exemption for “water-wise turfgrass,” which
includes Blue Grama and Buffalograss, to exceed the six inch height limit but not to exceed twelve inches.
Additionally, staff recommends amending the Resource Conservation Ordinance, Code Section 12-120, to include
these water-wise turfgrasses as part of the Xeriscape Landscaping definition. This would prohibit homeowner
associations from restricting the use of these grasses.
During the review and discussion of these ordinances, staff also found some areas in need of minor updates. The
recommended amendments include: changing the title of Code Section 20, Article IV, to “Weeds, Grass, Refuse, and
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September 20 2011 -2- ITEM 15
Rubbish”; changing the title of Code Section 20-42 to “Weeds, unmowed grasses, refuse, and rubbish nuisances
prohibited”; adding certain grasses to the list of “ornamental grasses”; adding a definition of grass; updating the weed
list; adding “public right-of-way or other public property” to the section prohibiting the deposit or accumulation of refuse,
rubbish, or storage of materials within or upon these public areas; and adding “buffer zone for natural habitat” as an
exemption from the weed/grass height requirements.
FINANCIAL / ECONOMIC IMPACTS
These Code amendments would not have a financial impact on the City of Fort Collins. There could be a cost savings
for residents directly related to using less water.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
Positive environmental impacts include water conservation, lower greenhouse gas emissions from less mowing,
improved water quality from having less water runoff into the storm drain, and less pesticides and fertilizers.
STAFF RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends adoption of these Ordinances on First Reading.
PUBLIC OUTREACH
An article about water-wise turfgrass was included in the September Neighborhood News e-newsletter, which has over
700 subscribers, and the Neighbors in the Know email list (including over 90 active neighborhood leaders) in order
to explain this potential Code amendment and to solicit feedback.
If adopted, these Code amendments will be communicated to the public in several ways including:
• Neighborhood News and CityNews newsletters
• Education through Xeriscape and water-wise classes
• Coloradoan article
• Spotlight on the website
• Email distributions to homeowner associations and neighborhood group contacts
ATTACHMENTS
1. An Introduction to Blue Grama and Buffalograss
ORDINANCE NO. 124, 2011
OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS
AMENDING ARTICLE IV OF CHAPTER 20 OF
THE CODE OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS
REGARDING WEEDS, GRASS AND RUBBISH
WHEREAS, Section 20-42 of the City Code requires that all weeds and grasses, with the
exception of ornamental grasses consuming not more than twenty percent of the landscape, be kept
to a maximum of six inches in height; and
WHEREAS, in recent years, City staff has heard from citizens who would like to grow
water-wise turfgrass, which requires a growth height of more than six inches to thrive; and
WHEREAS, staff has researched water-wise turfgrass in collaboration with colleagues at
both Colorado State University and the Larimer County Extension Offices and has concluded that
Section 20-42 should be amended to provide an exception for water-wise turfgrass, including Blue
Grama and Buffalograss, so as to allow such grasses to exceed six inches in height; and
WHEREAS, staff has also concluded that Blue Grama and Buffalograss should be excluded
from the definition of “ornamental grasses” under Section 20-42 so as to allow them to exceed
twenty percent of the landscape; and
WHEREAS, allowing Blue Grama and Buffalograss to exceed a height of more than six
inches and to exceed more than twenty percent of the landscape would be consistent with the City’s
message of encouraging water conservation and requiring quality and ecologically sound landscape
design; and
WHEREAS, staff has also proposed that the mowing of grasses in areas established as
natural habitat or other such features pursuant to the Land Use Code be regulated according to the
applicable provisions of the Land Use Code; and
WHEREAS, staff has identified other minor amendments that should be made to City Code
Sections 20-41 and 20-42 relating to weeds, grass and rubbish, including clarification of the scope
of the prohibition against depositing or storing materials on adjacent open areas and public
properties.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT
COLLINS as follows:
Section 1. That Section 20-41 of the Code of the City of Fort Collins is hereby amended
by the addition of a new definition entitled “Grass” which shall read in its entirety as follows:
Grass shall mean any monocot plants of the family Poaceae, excluding any plants
that are weeds, as that term is defined hereinafter.
Section 2. That the definition “Ornamental grasses” contained in Section 20-41 of the
Code of the City of Fort Collins is hereby amended to read as follows:
Ornamental grasses shall mean any of the following grasses: yellow foxtail
(Alopecurus pratensis), blue or western wheatgrass (Agropyron smithii or
Pascopyrum smithii), big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii), bulbous oatgrass
(Arrhenatherum elatius), sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula), rattlesnake or
quaking grass (Briza media), feather reed grass (Calamagrostis acutiflora or C.
arundinacea), Korean feather reed grass (Calamagrostis brachytricha), golden sedge
(Carex elata 'Bowles Golden'), blue sedge (Carex glauca), Gray’s or morning star
sedge (Carex grayi), Japanese sedge (Carex hachijoensis ‘Evergold’), variegated
Japanese sedge (Carex morrowii), palm sedge (Carex muskingumensis), northern sea
oats (Chasmanthium latifolium), pampas grass (Cortaderia selloama), dwarf pampas
grass (Cortaderia sellonana), lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus), tufted hair grass
(Deschampsia caespitosa), blue lyme grass (Elymus arenarius), Canada wild rye
(Elymus canadensis), bottlebrush squirreltail (Elymus elymoides), sand love grass
(Eragrotis trichodes), ravenna or plume grass (Erianthus ravennae or Saccharum
ravennae), Arizona fescue (Festuca arizonica), blue fescue (Festuca cinerea, F.
ovina or F. glauca), Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis), variegated mannagrass
(Glyceria maxima variegata), blue oatgrass (Helictotrichon sempervirens), needle-n-
thread (Hesperostipa comata), New Mexico feathergrass (Hesperostipa
neomexicana), velvet grass (Holcus lanatus), foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum),
Japanese blood grass (Imperata cylindrica), junegrass (Koeleria cristata, K. gracilis
or K. macrantha), woodrush (Leymus spp. or Luzula spp.), Great Basin wild rye
(Leymus cinereus), hairy melic grass (Melica ciliata), ruby grass (Melinus
nerviglumis), giant Chinese silvergrass (Miscanthus floridulus or M. giganeus),
Japanese silvergrass (Miscanthus oligostachys), flame grass (Miscanthus
purpurascens), silver banner grass (Miscanthus sacchariflorus), maiden grass or
silvergrass (Miscanthus sinensis), moor grass (Molina caerulea), muhly grass
(Muhlenbergia spp.), green needlegrass (Nassella viridula), Indian ricegrass
(Oryzopis hymenoides or Achnatherum hymenoides), switchgrass (Panicum
virgatum), feathergrass (Pennisetum alopecuroides), purple majesty millet
(Pennisetum glaucum), tender fountain grass (Pennisetum setaceum), feather top
(Pennisetum villosum), ribbon grass (Phalaris arundinacea), ruby grass
(Rychelytrum neriglume), plume grass (Saccharum ravennae), little bluestem
(Schizachyrium scoparium or Andropogon scoparius), autumn moorgrass (Sesleria
autumnalis), Indian grass (Sorghastrum nutans or S. avenaceum), cord grass
(Spartina spp.), frost or graybeard grass (Spodiopogon spp.), prairie dropseed
(Sporobolus heterolepis), giant sacaton (Sporobolus wrightii) and any other species
of grass approved by the City Manager that is customarily used for ornamental
purposes and not as a turf grass.
Section 3. That Section 20-41 of the Code of the City of Fort Collins is hereby amended
by the addition of a new definition entitled”Water-wise” which shall read in its entirety as follows:
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Water-wise turfgrass shall mean blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis or Chrondrosum
gracile) or buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides).
Section 4. That Section 20-42 of the Code of the City of Fort Collins is hereby amended
to read as follows:
Sec. 20-42. Weeds, unmowed grasses, refuse and rubbish nuisances
prohibited.
(a) All weeds, or unmowed grasses required to be mowed under Subsection
(c) of this Section, refuse and rubbish on a property within the City are hereby
declared to be a nuisance and a menace to the health and safety of the inhabitants of
the City.
(b) It shall be unlawful for the owner or occupant of any property to permit
refuse, or rubbish to accumulate on any part of the property. All refuse shall be
stored for prompt disposal on the premises in refuse containers, and the storage area
shall be kept free of loose refuse. Any refuse or rubbish which by its nature is
incapable of being stored in refuse containers may be neatly stacked or stored for
prompt disposal. The number and size of refuse containers shall be sufficient to
accommodate the accumulation of refuse from the property. Containers shall be
secured and placed where they are screened from view of the street and are not
susceptible to being spilled by animals or wind or other elements.
(c) It shall be unlawful for the owner or occupant of any property to permit
weeds to grow upon such property to a height of more than six (6) inches.
(d) Except as is provided in Subsection (e), (f) or (g) of this Section, it is
unlawful for the owner or occupant of any property to permit grasses to grow upon
such property to a height of more than six (6) inches; provided, however, that this
Subsection (c) shall not be applicable to any ornamental grass so long as it is used
solely, or in combination with any other ornamental grass or grasses, as a supplement
to the property's overall landscaped area and does not constitute in square footage
more than twenty (20) percent of the property's overall landscaped area.
(e) It shall be unlawful for the owner of any open area, ditch, ditch right-of-
way or railroad right-of-way to allow weeds or grasses other than those grown for
agricultural purposes upon such open area, ditch or right-of-way to grow to a height
of more than twelve (12) inches.
(f) It shall be unlawful for the owner or occupant of any property to allow
grasses in any area planted predominantly in water-wise turfgrass to grow to a height
of more than twelve (12) inches.
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(g) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Section which may be
construed to the contrary, the owner or occupant of any property that includes an
area that has been established as a natural habitat or feature pursuant to Section 3.4.1
(D) of the Land Use Code, or a buffer zone for natural habitat or feature pursuant to
Section 3.4.1 (E) of the Land Use Code, which area is managed and maintained in
accordance with specific conditions established in a site-specific development plan
or development agreement, shall not be required to mow said areas other than as
required in such development plan or agreement.
(h) It shall be unlawful for the owner or occupant of any property to permit the
growth of noxious weeds as designated by the Colorado Weed Law or Larimer
County Weed District, regardless of height.
(i) No person shall cause or allow the disposal of refuse or rubbish by burning
except in an incinerator that is designed for such purpose and pursuant to an
operating permit from the State Department of Public Health and Environment. In
no event may rubbish or refuse be burned in a stove or fireplace except for clean,
dry, untreated wood.
(j) No person shall, for a period longer than twenty-four (24) hours at any one
(1) time, store or permit to remain on any business, commercial or industrial
premises owned or occupied by such person, any manure, refuse, animal or vegetable
matter or any foul or noxious liquid waste which is likely to become putrid, offensive
or injurious to the public health, safety or welfare.
(k) No owner or occupant of any premises which are adjacent to any portion
of any open area, vacant lot, ditch, detention pond, storm drain, watercourse, or
public right-of-way or other public property, nor any other person, shall cause the
deposit or accumulation of refuse or rubbish, or the deposit, accumulation or storage
of materials, chattels, or fixtures other than those ordinarily attendant upon the use
for which the premises are legally intended, within or upon such adjacent areas.
(l) The property owners and the prime contractors in charge of any
construction site shall maintain the construction site in such a manner that refuse and
rubbish will be prevented from being carried by the elements to adjoining premises.
All refuse and rubbish from construction or related activities shall be picked up at the
end of each workday and placed in containers which will prevent refuse and rubbish
from being carried by the elements to adjoining premises.
(m) The accumulation of refuse and rubbish which constitutes or may create a
fire, health or safety hazard or harborage for rodents is unlawful and is hereby
declared to be a nuisance.
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(n) The owner or occupant of any premises within the City, whether business,
commercial, industrial or residential premises, shall maintain the property in a neat,
tidy, methodical, systematic, clean and orderly condition, permitting no deposit or
accumulation of materials other than those ordinarily attendant upon the use for
which the premises are legally intended. If a property is used for a purpose
(including, without limitation, a junkyard) which, by its fundamental nature, cannot
be maintained as required above, then, in lieu thereof, such property, or any affected
portion thereof, shall be completely screened from public view and from the view of
any abutting property that is used for residential purposes.
Introduced, considered favorably on first reading, and ordered published this 20th day of
September, A.D. 2011, and to be presented for final passage on the 4th day of October, A.D. 2011.
_________________________________
Mayor
ATTEST:
_____________________________
Chief Deputy City Clerk
Passed and adopted on final reading on the 4th day of October, A.D. 2011.
_________________________________
Mayor
ATTEST:
_____________________________
Chief Deputy City Clerk
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ORDINANCE NO. 125, 2011
OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS
AMENDING ARTICLE VII OF CHAPTER 12 OF THE
CODE OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS
REGARDING RESOURCE CONSERVATION
WHEREAS, on this same date, the City Council has adopted on First Reading, Ordinance
No. 124, 2011, which amends Chapter 20, Article IV of the City Code pertaining to weeds, grass
and rubbish; and
WHEREAS, the effect of these amendments is to allow water-wise turfgrass, including Blue
Grama and Buffalograss, to exceed the six inch height limit contained in City Code Section 20-42;
and
WHEREAS, City staff has recommended that Section 12-120 of the City Code also be
amended to include these water-wise turfgrasses as part of the Xeriscape landscaping definition,
thereby prohibiting homeowner associations from restricting the use of these grasses; and
WHEREAS, in addition, staff has developed an updated and improved definition of the term
Xeriscape landscaping and has recommended that Section 12-120 be amended to reflect this
improved language.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT
COLLINS that the definition of “Xeriscape landscaping” contained in Section 12-120 of the Code
of the City of Fort Collins is hereby amended to read as follows:
Xeriscape landscaping shall mean landscaping planned, designed, installed and
maintained so as to create a landscape that is sustainable in Colorado’s semi-arid
climate, based on seven basic principles:
(1) Preparation of a plan identifying major elements of the landscape,
including structures and plantings and characteristics influencing water
requirements;
(2) Soil improvements appropriate to optimize absorption and release of water
for plantings given the soils present;
(3) Use of efficient watering systems and practices to supplement water
naturally supplied to plantings, as appropriate;
(4) Grouping plants with similar light and water requirements together in an
area that matches these requirements;
(5) Use of appropriate mulches to keep plant roots cool, prevent soil from
crusting, minimize evaporation and reduce weed growth;
(6) Limiting the use of turf and plantings with high water requirements, with
consideration of visibility and functional needs, and incorporating water-
efficient alternative species, specifically including, but not limited to,
water-wise turfgrasses, as defined in Section 20-41;
(7) Providing appropriate water, pruning and fertilization, pest control and
other maintenance to preserve the sustainability and health of the
landscape.
Xeriscape landscaping shall not include artificial turf or plants; mulched
(including gravel) beds or areas without landscape plant material; paving of areas not
required for walkways, patios, or plazas or parking areas; bare ground; or weed-
covered or weed-infested surfaces.
Introduced, considered favorably on first reading, and ordered published this 20th day of
September, A.D. 2011, and to be presented for final passage on the 4th day of October, A.D. 2011.
_________________________________
Mayor
ATTEST:
_____________________________
Chief Deputy City Clerk
Passed and adopted on final reading on the 4th day of October, A.D. 2011.
_________________________________
Mayor
ATTEST:
_____________________________
Chief Deputy City Clerk