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HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOUNCIL - AGENDA ITEM - 08/17/2004 - FIRST READING OF ORDINANCE NO. 133, 2004, DESIGNAT ITEM NUMBER: 16 AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY DATE: August 17, 2004 FORT COLLINS CITY COUNCIL STAFF: Karen McWilliams SUBJECT First Reading of Ordinance No. 133, 2004, Designating the Alpert Building as a Fort Collins Landmark Pursuant to Chapter 14 of the City Code. RECOMMENDATION Staff and the Landmark Preservation Commission and staff recommend adoption of the Ordinance on First Reading. At a public hearing held on July 28, 2004, the Landmark Preservation Commission voted unanimously to recommend designation of this property as a landmark for its historical and architectural significance to Fort Collins. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The owner of the property, the Walter J. Frick Trust, is initiating this request for Fort Collins Landmark designation for the Alpert Building. The Alpert Building retains excellent physical integrity and is judged to be both architecturally and historically significant under Fort Collins Landmark Standards (1), (2), and (3). It is a fine example of early twentieth century commercial architecture in Fort Collins. It is also a noteworthy example of the commercial architectural design of Fort Collins' most notable architect,Montezuma Fuller. Increasing its significance even further, the Alpert Building was one of Fuller's final designs before his death. The building is also historically important for its role in the development of the flourishing commercial district which grew along the College Avenue corridor, displacing Old Town as the commercial center. Finally, the property is significant for its association with Joseph I.Alpert,the building's namesake. Joseph Alpert was a German from Russia immigrant, who became a highly regarded Fort Collins businessman. The property contains an historic, single-story brick storage building, located at the rear of this property and sharing a common wall with the adjoining building at 146 South College Avenue. This brick storage building is slated for redevelopment,and is not a part of these designation proceedings. BACKGROUND The original construction date for the Alpert Building is unclear. Latimer County Assessor's records provide 1915 as the date of construction. However, Sanborn maps show that a one story building with a similar footprint occupied this lot as early as 1906. This single-story building also appears on the December 1917 Sanborn map. A second story was added on at an unknown time. August 17, 2004 -2- Item No. 16 In 1924-1925,the building was remodeled and a third story added. Designed by Montezuma Fuller, the plans were executed by Orton Davis,a well-known Fort Collins builder,reportedly for$11,000. Joseph I. Alpert was born on December 15, 1877 at Odessa, Russia. When he was six, his parents immigrated to the United States, settling in Cincinnati. Joseph grew up there, and in 1898, married Fannie Benjamin. The couple moved from Cincinnati to Fort Collins in 1903, where Joseph began a shoemaking and shoe repair business. Originally located at 143 North College, the business was known as the Eastern Shoe House. By 1913, Alpert had added general merchandise and clothing to his inventory, although shoes remained his staple. In 1917, the business relocated to 140-142 South College Avenue, and was renamed the Electric Shoe Shop. The establishment remained in operation under this same name for nearly 80 years,until circa 1982. Alpert leased additional retail space in the Alpert Block to a succession of businesses including a dry goods grocer, a caf8, a dentist, insurance agents, clothes cleaners, and an outlet of the famous clothier National Woolen Mills. Alpert eventually owned or operated several businesses in Fort Collins,including a real estate venture. In 1924-25,Alpert hired notable architect Montezuma Fuller to remodel this building. Montezuma Fuller is credited with designing numerous dwellings, business blocks, churches, and institutional buildings in Fort Collins during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Fuller's alterations included renovating the fagade, and adding a third story to the existing structure. The Alpert Building was one of Fuller's final designs, as Montezuma Fuller passed away in the spring of 1925. Since its remodel,the Alpert Block has seen very little in the way of alterations. The basement was also remodeled in 1925, providing additional retail space. The stairwell accessing this basement level is offset slightly to the north and features white marble steps and a brass handrail and guard rails.The north side storefront contains an entry accessing a stairway to the upper stories as well as the ground-floor shop. Additional,unspecified remodeling occurred in 1926,and in 1930,a balcony underwent undetermined alterations or repairs. Of special architectural and historical significance are two notable extant features. These are the flag pole, centrally located on the roof in a 1920s photograph, and present today, and the two tiled entries. Both entries to the building are paved with small beige tiles,but the north entry is especially interesting,as it contains two small black and white terrazzo panels,one reading"Alpert Building," and the other"Electric Shoe Shop." ORDINANCE NO. 133, 2004 OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS DESIGNATING THE ALPERT BUILDING, 140-142 SOUTH COLLEGE AVENUE, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO, AS A FORT COLLINS LANDMARK PURSUANT TO CHAPTER 14 OF THE CODE OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 14-2 of the City Code, the City Council has established a public policy encouraging the protection, enhancement and perpetuation of landmarks within the City; and WHEREAS, by Resolution dated July 28, 2004 the Landmark Preservation Commission (the "Commission") has determined that the Alpert Building has individual significance to Fort Collins under Landmark Designation Standards (1), (2) and (3), as an excellent manifestation of early twentieth century commercial architecture in Fort Collins; as a noteworthy example of the commercial architectural design of Fort Collins' most notable architect, Montezuma Fuller, and one of Fuller's last designs before his death; for its historical role in the development of the flourishing commercial district which grew along the College Avenue corridor, displacing Old Town as the commercial center; and for its association with Joseph I. Alpert, a German from Russia immigrant who became a highly regarded Fort Collins businessman; and WHEREAS, the Commission has further determined that said property meets the criteria of a landmark as set forth in Section 14-5 of the Code and is eligible for designation as a landmark, and has recommended to the City Council that said property be designated by the City Council as a landmark; and WHEREAS, the owner of the property has consented to such landmark designation; and WHEREAS, such landmark designation will preserve the property's significance to the community; and WHEREAS, the City Council has reviewed the recommendation of the Commission and desires to approve such recommendation and designate said property as a landmark. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS as follows: Section 1. That the property, historically known as the Alpert Building, located in the City of Fort Collins, Latimer County, Colorado, described as follows, to wit: Lot 17, Block 121, City of Fort Collins also known as 140-142 South College Avenue is hereby designated as a Fort Collins landmark pursuant to Chapter 14 of the Code of the City of Fort Collins, provided, however, that the single-story brick storage building, located at the rear of this property and sharing a common wall with the adjoining building at 146 South College Avenue is not included in this designation. Section 2. That the Secretary of the Interior's standards and guidelines for the treatment of historic properties will serve as the standards by which alterations, additions and other changes to the buildings and structures located upon the above described property will be reviewed for compliance with Chapter 14, Article III, of the Code of the City of Fort Collins. Introduced, considered favorably on first reading, and ordered published this 17th day of August, A.D. 2004, and to be presented for final passage on the 7th day of September, A.D. 2004. Mayor ATTEST: City Clerk Passed and adopted on final reading this 7th day of September, A.D. 2004. Mayor ATTEST: City Clerk Community Planning and Environmental Services Advance Planning Department City of Fort Collins RESOLUTION 6, 2004 OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS LANDMARK PRESERVATION COMMISSION RECOMMENDING LANDMARK DESIGNATION OF THE ALPERT BUILDING 140-142 SOUTH COLLEGE AVENUE, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO WHEREAS, it is a matter of public policy that the protection, enhancement and perpetuation of sites,structures,objects,and districts of historical,architectural,or geographic significance,located within the city,are a public necessity and are required in the interest of the prosperity,civic pride and general welfare of the people; and WHEREAS, it is the opinion of the City Council that the economic, cultural and aesthetic standing of this city cannot be maintained or enhanced by disregarding the historical, architectural and geographical heritage of the city and by ignoring the destruction or defacement of such cultural assets; and WHEREAS, the Alpert Building has individual significance to Fort Collins under Landmark Preservation Standards (1), (2), and (3), as an excellent manifestation of early twentieth century commercial architecture in Fort Collins; as a noteworthy example of the commercial architectural design of Fort Collins' most notable architect, Montezuma Fuller, and one of Fuller's last designs before his death; for its historical role in the development of the flourishing commercial district which grew along the College Avenue corridor,displacing Old Town as the commercial center;and for its association with Joseph I. Alpert, a German from Russia immigrant who became a highly regarded Fort Collins businessman; and WHEREAS, the Landmark Preservation Commission has determined that the Alpert Building meets the criteria of a landmark as set forth in Section 14-5 of the code and is eligible for designation as a Fort Collins Landmark; and WHEREAS,the owner of the property,the Walter J.Frick Trust,has consented to such landmark designation. NOW, THEREFORE, be it resolved by the Landmark Preservation Commission of the City of Fort Collins as follows: Section 1. That the Landmark Preservation Commission recommends to the Council of the City of Fort Collins that the property, known historically as the Alpert Building, located in the City of Fort Collins, Larimer County, Colorado, described as follows, to wit: Lot 17, Block 121, City of Fort Collins also known as 140-142 South College Avenue is hereby designated as a Fort Collins landmark pursuant to Chapter 14 of the Code of the City of 281 North College Avenue • P.O.Box 580 Fort Collins,CO 80522-0580 • (970)221-o376 FAX(970)224-6111 • TDD(970)224-6002 • E-mail:aplanningr)fcgov.com Landmark Preservation Commission Resolution No. 6, 2004 Alpert Building, 140-142 South College Avenue Page 2 Fort Collins. The property contains an historic, single-story brick storage building, located at the rear of this property and sharing a common wall with the adjoining building at 146 South College Avenue. This brick storage building is not a part of these designation proceedings. Section 2. That the Secretary of the Interior's standards and guidelines for the treatment of historic properties will serve as the standards by which alterations,additions and other changes to buildings and structures located upon the above described property will be reviewed for compliance with Chapter 14, Article III, of the Code of the City of Fort Collins. Passed and adopted at a regular meeting of the Landmark Preservation Commission of the City of Fort Collins held this 28th day of July, A.D. 2004. 6a,��r � Angie A ilera, Vice-Chairman ATTES e Secretary/Staff Community Planning and Environmental Services ia Advance Planning Department City of Fort Collins LANDMARK PRESERVATION COMMISSION July 28, 2004 STAFF REPORT REQUESTS: Landmark Designation of the Alpert Building, at 140-142 South College Avenue, Fort Collins, Colorado STAFF CONTACT: Karen McWilliams, Preservation Planner APPLICANT: W.J. Frick, Jr., Trustee. Significance and Physical Integrity: The Alpert building retains excellent physical integrity and is judged to be both architecturally and historically significant, under Fort Collins Landmark Standards (1), (2), and (3). It is a fine example of early twentieth century commercial architecture in Fort Collins. It is also a noteworthy example of the commercial architectural design of Fort Collins' most notable architect, Montezuma Fuller. Increasing its significance even further, the Alpert building was one of Fuller's final designs as a professional architect. The building is also historically important for its role in the development of the flourishing commercial district which grew along the College Avenue corridor, displacing Old Town as the commercial center. Finally, the property is significant for its association with Joseph I. Alpert, the building's namesake. Joseph Alpert was a German from Russia immigrant, who became a highly regarded Fort Collins businessman. Arriving in Fort Collins in 1903, Mr. Alpert began his career as a shoemaker. He built his business through diversification and a keen ability to sense trends, until he could afford to purchase and remodel the building that bears his name. His principal business, renamed the Electric Shoe Shop in 1917, saw 78 years of continuous business from 1904 until c.1982. The original construction date for the Alpert Building is unclear. Larimer County Assessor's records provide 1915 as the date of construction. However, Sanborn maps show that a one story building with a similar footprint occupied this lot as early as 1906. This single-story building also appears on the December 1917 Sanborn map. A second story was added on at an unknown time. hi 1924-1925, the building was remodeled and a third story added. Designed by Montezuma Fuller, the plans were executed by Orton Davis, a well- known Fort Collins builder, reportedly for$11,000. Joseph I. Alpert was born on December 15, 1877 at Odessa, Russia. When he was six, his parents immigrated to the United States, settling in Cincinnati. Joseph grew up here, and it was here, in 1898, when he married Fannie Benjamin. The couple moved from 281 North College Avenue • PO.Box 580 • Fort Collins,CO 80522-0580 • (970)221-6376 FAX(970)224-6111 • TDD(970)224-6002 •E-mail:aplannfng@fcgov.com Cincinnati to Fort Collins in 1903, where Joseph began a shoemaking and shoe repair business. Originally located at 143 North College, the business was known as the Eastern Shoe House. By 1913, Alpert had added general merchandise and clothing to his inventory, although shoes remained his staple. In 1917, the business relocated to 140-142 South College Avenue, and was renamed the Electric Shoe Shop. The establishment remained in operation under this same name for nearly 80 years, until circa 1982. Alpert leased additional retail space in the Alpert Block to a succession of businesses including a dry goods grocer, a caf6, a dentist, insurance agents, clothes cleaners, and an outlet of the famous clothier National Woolen Mills. Alpert eventually owned or operated several businesses in Fort Collins, including a real estate venture. In 1924-25, Alpert hired notable architect Montezuma Fuller to remodel this building. Montezuma Fuller is credited with designing numerous dwellings,business blocks, churches, and institutional buildings in Fort Collins during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Fuller's alterations included renovating the fagade, and adding a third story to the existing structure. The Alpert Building was one of Fuller's final designs, as Montezuma Fuller passed away in the spring of 1925. Since its remodel, the Alpert Block has seen very little in the way of alterations. The basement was also remodeled in 1925, providing additional retail space. The stairwell accessing this basement level is offset slightly to the north and features white marble steps and a brass handrail and guard rails. The north side storefront contains an entry accessing a stairway to the upper stories as well as the ground-floor shop. Additional, unspecified remodeling occurred in 1926, and in 1930, the balcony underwent undetermined alterations or repairs. Of special architectural and historical significance are two notable extant features. These are the flag pole, centrally located on the roof in a 1920s photograph, and present today, and the two tiled entries. Both entries to the building are paved with small beige tiles,but the north entry is especially interesting, as it contains two small black and white terrazzo panels, one reading"Alpert Building," and the other"Electric Shoe Shop." RECOMMENDATION: Staff highly recommends approving this request for Fort Collins Landmark designation of the Alpert Building, at 140-142 South College Avenue, for its significance under Landmark Standards (1), (2) and (3). It is a fine example of early twentieth century commercial architecture in Fort Collins. It is also a noteworthy example of the commercial architectural design of Fort Collins' most notable architect, Montezuma Fuller, and was one of Fuller's final designs before his death. The building is also historically important for its role in the development of the flourishing commercial district which grew along the College Avenue corridor, displacing Old Town as the commercial center. Finally, the property is significant for its association with Joseph I. Alpert, a German from Russia immigrant, who became a highly regarded Fort Collins businessman. Community Planning and Environmental Services Advance Planning Department Historic Preservation Office iiA PO Box 580 Fort Collins, CO 80522-0580 970-221-6376 City of Fort Collins Historic Landmark District Designation Nomination Form DATE: 7/12/04 LOCATION: Address: 140-142 South College Legal Description: Lot 17, Block 121, Fort Collins; Parcel No. 97123-18-017 Property Name (historic and/or common): Alpert Building OWNER INFORMATION: Name: Walter J. Frick Trust Address: 526 South College Avenue, Fort Collins Co, 80524 Phone: (970) 484-1467 CLASSIFICATION Category Ownership Status Present Use Existing Designation ® Building ❑ Public ® Occupied ® Commercial ❑ National Register ❑ Structure ® Private ❑ Unoccupied ❑ Educational ❑ State Register ❑ Site ❑ Religious ❑ Object ❑ Residential ❑ District ❑ Entertainment ❑ Government ❑ Other: FORM PREPARED BY: Name and Title: Debra Laingor, Historic Preservation Intern, Advance Planning Department; Karen McWilliams, Preservation Planner, Advance Planning Department Address: City of Fort Collins, 281 North College Ave; P.O. Box 580, Fort Collins, CO 80522 Phone: 970-224-6078 Relationship to Owner: None Revised 05-2002 Page 1 BOUNDARIES and TYPE OF DESIGNATION ® Individual Landmark Property ❑ Landmark District Explanation of Boundary Determination: The boundaries of the property to be designated correspond to the legal description of the property, above. The property contains an historic, single-story brick storage building, located at the rear of this property and sharing a common wall with the adjoining building at 146 South College Avenue. This brick storage building is not a part of these designation proceedings. SIGNIFICANCE Properties that possess exterior integrity are eligible for designation as Fort Collins Landmarks or Fort Collins Landmark Districts if they meet one (1) or more of the following standards for designation: ® Standard 1: The property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history; ® Standard 2: The property is associated with the lives of persons significant in history; ® Standard 3: The property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or that represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; ❑ Standard 4: The property has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Please describe the significance of the property, relative to the Standard(s) above: The Alpert building retains excellent physical integrity and is judged to be both architecturally and historically significant. It is a fine example of early twentieth century commercial architecture in Fort Collins. It is also a noteworthy example of the commercial architectural design of Fort Collins' most notable architect, Montezuma Fuller. Increasing its significance even further, the Alpert building was one of Fuller's final designs as a professional architect. The building is also historically important for its role in the development of the flourishing commercial district which grew along the College Avenue corridor, displacing Old Town as the commercial center. Finally, the property is significant for its association with Joseph L Alpert, the building's namesake. Joseph Alpert was a German from Russia immigrant, who became a highly regarded Fort Collins businessman. Arriving in Fort Collins in 1903, Mr. Alpert began his career as a shoemaker. He built his business through diversification and a keen ability to sense trends, until he could afford to purchase and remodel the building that bears his name. His principal business, renamed the Electric Shoe Shop in 1917, saw 78 years of continuous business from 1904 until c.1982. Revised 05-2002 Page 2 HISTORICAL INFORMATION (Please include city directory research and/or a title search if the property is important for its association with a significant person.) The original construction date for the Alpert Building is unclear. Larimer County Assessor's records provide 1915 as the date of construction. However, Sanborn maps show that a one story building with a similar footprint occupied this lot as early as 1906. This single-story building also appears on the December 1917 Sanborn map. A second story was added on at an unknown time. In 1924-1925, the building was remodeled and a third story added. Designed by Montezuma Fuller, the plans were executed by Orton Davis, a well-known Fort Collins builder, reportedly for $11,000. Joseph I. Alpert was born on December 15, 1877 at Odessa,Russia. When he was six,his parents immigrated to the United States, settling in Cincinnati. Joseph grew up there, and in 1898, married Fannie Benjamin. The couple moved from Cincinnati to Fort Collins in 1903, where Joseph began a shoemaking and shoe repair business. Originally located at 143 North College, the business was known as the Eastern Shoe House. By 1913, Alpert had added general merchandise and clothing to his inventory, although shoes remained his staple. In 1917, the business relocated to 140-142 South College Avenue, and was renamed the Electric Shoe Shop. The establishment remained in operation under this same name for nearly 80 years,until circa 1982. Alpert leased additional retail space in the Alpert Block to a succession of businesses including a dry goods grocer, a cafe, a dentist, insurance agents, clothes cleaners, and an outlet of the famous clothier National Woolen Mills. Alpert eventually owned or operated several businesses in Fort Collins, including a real estate venture. In 1924-25, Alpert hired notable architect Montezuma Fuller to remodel this building. Montezuma Fuller is credited with designing numerous dwellings,business blocks, churches, and institutional buildings in Fort Collins during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Fuller's alterations included renovating the fagade, and adding a third story to the existing structure. The Alpert Building was one of Fuller's final designs, as Montezuma Fuller passed away in the spring of 1925. Since its remodel,the Alpert Block has seen very little in the way of alterations. The basement was also remodeled in 1925, providing additional retail space. The stairwell accessing this basement level is offset slightly to the north and features white marble steps and a brass handrail and guard rails. The north side storefront contains an entry accessing a stairway to the upper stories as well as the ground- floor shop. Additional, unspecified remodeling occurred in 1926, and in 1930, the balcony underwent undetermined alterations or repairs. Of special architectural and historical significance are two notable extant features. These are the flag pole, centrally located on the roof in a 1920s photograph, and present today, and the two tiled entries. Both entries to the building are paved with small beige tiles, but the north entry is especially interesting, as it contains two small black and white terrazzo panels, one reading "Alpert Building," and the other"Electric Shoe Shop." Revised 05-2002 Page 3 ARCHITECTURAL INFORMATION Construction Date: c. 1904 Architect/Builder: Unknown; 1925 remodel designed by Montezuma Fuller, and constructed by Orton Davis. Building Materials: Dark red brick, with white cast concrete and terra cotta trim. Architectural Style: Early twentieth commercial style building. Description: Three story brick building with a fagade of red brick with white cast concrete and terra cotta trim. It features a flat parapet roof with simulated tile (tin-clad) sloped between end piers. These vertical piers extend up to the ends of the fagade and are decorated with similar parallel terra cotta strips culminating in rectangular terra cotta medallions bearing an eagle motif. The horizontal terra cotta trim bands are applied in belts at both window sill and lintel levels on both the second and third levels. The upper stories are fenestrated with two evenly spaced wood sash windows. The windows are three part casements with a ten-pane transom; the central section is a square-like fixed pane,which is flanked by swing-out sashes each containing eight lights. An expanse of brick containing decorative raised rectangular panel of projecting headers occupies the space between the second and third story. The lower floor is divided into two store fronts. Sign panels over the store fronts are set beneath a terra cotta band. Two large clerestory windows with mullions are installed above each retail entrance. The bases of these display cases are clad with greenish-colored tile; these bases also contain small windows for illumination of a basement-level shop. The stairwell accessing this basement level is offset slightly to the north and features white marble steps and a brass handrail and guard rails. The north side storefront contains an entry accessing a stairway to the upper stories as well as the ground-floor shop. Both recessed entries are paved with beige tiles, and the north side floor contains two small black and white terrazzo panels, one containing the words "Alpert Building" and the other reading `Electric Shoe Shop." Revised 05-2002 Page 4 AGREEMENT The undersigned owner(s) hereby agrees that the property described herein be considered for local historic landmark designation, pursuant to the Fort Collins Landmark Preservation Ordinance, Chapter 14 of the Code of the City of Fort Collins. I understand that upon designation, I or my successors will be requested to notify the Secretary of the Landmark Preservation Commission at the City of Fort Collins prior to the occurrence of any of the following: 1. Preparation of plans for reconstruction or alteration of the exterior of the improvements on the property, or; 2. Preparation of plans for construction of, addition to or demolition of improvements on the property 3. 1 further understand that if I apply for a building permit for any one of the following: a. Alteration or reconstruction of or an addition to the exterior of any improvement which constitutes all or part of a landmark structure or landmark district; b. Demolition or relocation of any improvement which constitutes all or part of a landmark structure or landmark district; c. Construction or erection of or an addition to any improvement upon any land included in a landmark district; d. Or if I proceed with any work not requiring a building permit as set forth in Section 14-47; The Building Inspector and the Landmark Preservation Commission shall be under the time constraints and other requirements as outlined in Chapter 14, Article III of the Code of the City of Fort Collins. DATED this WK day of :LO 200-�—. WA LTER, j , "FYZ Ic� Owner Name (please print) TPv3r�E • AF '1'�cy�rts+E �G '•T • ' � Ow r Signature O�* •• 2 State of U10fckGC/ ) N a o County of L(x,' , �i�c,1F ) of coy - Subscribed and sworn before me this is Vy\ day of J ull, My Commies Ri I°s M,arch 8,2006 by lhaa -ter^ T. Fr l Lk i r Witness my hand and official seal. My commission expires LP Not ry Public Revised 05-2002 Page 5 OAHP1403wD2 COLORADO HISTORICAL SOCIETY SITE No.:5LR1987 Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation [ la for National Register 1300 Broadway Denver,CO 80203 _. in $. __yes no Winds __A _B .- C —O HISTORIC BUILDING INVENTORY 5 to a potential NaliDna)RegisterC'istl'lct _yes _no districtrtame: Eligible for State Register _yes _no COUNTY: Latimer Fry : Fort Collins date initial$. Criterta_ah _c d s Areas of s19nifirAncir HISTORIC BUILDING NAME: Alpert Building Period Of significance Needs data .. date. initials CURRENT BUILDING NAME: Alpert Building LOCAL LANDMARK DESIGNATION: []yes [K]no Date of designation:N/A ADDRESS: 140-142 South College Avenue Designating authority:WA Fort Collins,CO 80524 Parcel No.97123-018-017 P.M.: 8th township: 7N range: 69W NW'%of SW Y.of NW%of SW V.of section 12 OWNER NAME&ADDRESS: Wayne Charlie,Maurice Shenk clo UTM REFERENCE- Zone: 13 Horizon West Properties Easting: 760 Whalers Way Northing: Fort Collins,CO 80525 USG$QUAD NAME: Fort Collins,Colo. Year 1960 (Photorev. 1984) [X]7.5' []15' STYLE: Twentieth Century Commercial Block: 121 Lolls): 17 Addition: N/A(Fort Collins Original Townsite Plat-1873) Year of addition: N/A BUILDING TYPE: [x]original location []moved Date of moves(s): N/A MATERIALS:brick HISTORIC USE:retail and office space PRESENT USE:retail and office spare STORIES: 3 SQUARE FOOTAGE: DATE OF CONSTRUCTION-esflmate:1924-25(present form) Source of information:Sanborn maps,Bacon(1979), Baume(1983) PLAN SHAPE: rectangular 1e_ Al ARCHITECT:Montezuma Fuller(1925 alteration) Source of information:E.Bacon(1979) BUILDER/CONTRACTOR:Orton Davis(1925 alteration) Source of information:E.Bacon(1979) U � ORIGINAL OWNER:unknown CoHeye Ave. Source of information:N/A o C � 2 p o n o o ASSOCIATED BUILDINGS-[]yes [x]DO Type:N/A ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION:The Alpert Building is an interesting three-story brick commercial building situated on the east side of South College Avenue, between Mountain Avenue and Oak Street. The facade is constructed of dark red brick with white cast concrete and terra Gotta trim. It features a flat parapet roof with a simulated file(tin-cad)sloped projection between end piers. These vertical piers which extend up the ends of the facade are decorated with parallel terra cotta strips culminating in rectangular terra Gttta medallions bearing an eagle motif. The tops of these piers and the comics are capped with similar light colored terra ootta blocks. Horizontal terra Gttta trim bands are also applied in belts at window sill and lintel levels on both the second and third stories.The two upper floors are similarly fenestrated with two evenly spaced wood sash windows. These upper story windows are three-part casements with a ten-pane transom;the central section is a nearly square fixed pane,which is flanked by swing-out sashes each containing eight lights. An expanse of brick containing a decorative raised rectangular panel of projecting headers occupies the space between the second and third story.The lower floor of the building is divided into two retail storefronts. Sign panels over the storefronts are set beneath a terra Gttta band.Two large clerestory windows with mullions are installed above each retail entrance. The storefront windows are set in copper frames. The south storefront is recessed,with symmetrically arranged display cases flanking the entry. The bases of these display cases are dad with greenish-colored tile;these bases also contain small windows for illumination of a basement-level shop. The stairwell accessing this basement level is offset slightly to the north and features white marble steps and a brass handrail and guardrails. The north side storefront contains an entry accessing a stairway to the upper stories as well as the ground floor retail shop. Both recessed entries are paved with beige tiles,and the north side floor contains two small black and white terrazzo panels,one containing the words'ALPERT BUILDING;and the other reading'ELECTRIC SHOE SHOP." The Alpert Building appears to be in good and relatively unaltered condition. PHOTOGRAPHS(include photographs showing each side of building and any associated buildings) Film roll no.:9(Exp.29,30,34);Roll 10(Exp. 14) Photographer: Jason Manmor Neo2tive no.: I Location ofnegatives: City of Fort Collins Planning Dept CONSTRUCTION HISTORY(include description and dates of major additions,alterations,or demolitions): The original construction date for the Alpert Building is unclear. A one story building with a similar footprint occupied the same lot(Lot 17)as early as 1906;the same building was still shown on the December 1917 Sanbom map. The building was apparently built up vertically,and in 1924-25 the building was remodeled and a third story added. Local architect Montezuma Fuller designed the 1924-25 alterations,which undoubtedly included installing the present facade. The alterations were completed by local builder Orton Davis and reportedly cost$11,000. The basement was remodeled in 1925,and another unspecified remodeling occurred in 1926. Other alterations on record prior to 1950 include construction of'wall(display?)cases'in 1929,balcony remodeling in 1930,and unspecified remodeling in 1938. No other alterations are noted on the County Assessor's property record. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND(discuss important persons and events associated with this building):The early history of the Alpert Building is obscure. Joe I.Alpert arrived in Fort Collins in 1895 or 1896 and operated a department store at 131 North College Avenue as well as a shoe repair business known as the Electric Shoe Shop. In 1917 Alpert moved this business to the building he apparently acquired at 140-142 South College Avenue. Alpert Electric Shoe Shop occupied the northern storefront while the southern retail space was rented to a succession of tenants,including Em's Coffee Um(1917),the Club Cafe (1919),and H.K.Milton,Clothing Cleaner(1972). After the building was remodeled and enlarged in 1924-25,Alpert continued operating his shoe repair business along with a wide variety of tenants In the ground floor retail space as well as in the upper floor offices and rooms.Real estate agents,accountants, dentists,insurance agents,lawyers and others maintained offices in the building from the late 1920s on;barber shops,beauty salons,cleaners,and other businesses located on the first floor.The Electric Shoe Shop remained in business until ca. 1982,after 65 years of continuous operation in this location. INFORMATION SOURCES(be specific): Fort Collins city directories, 1902-1995; Sanborn fire insurance maps,1886-1925;bound Record of Building Permits, 1920-1950; Elizabeth a.Bacon,Montezuma W.Fuller a History of His Life and Architectural Practice(Unpublished Independent Study Paper for History 695, Colorado State University,July 1979);Lawrence 1. Baume,Historic Survey of Downtown Fort Collins.Laporte to Olive Streets on College Avenue (Unpublished Report Prepared for the City of Fort Collins and the Department of History,Colorado State University,December 1983). SIGNIFICANCE(check appropriate categories) TiEME(B): Achitectural significance: Historical significance: []represents the work of a master Pq associated with significant person(s) []possess high artistic value []associated with significant event [X]represents a type,period,or method of []associated with a pattern of events Construction []contributes to an historic district National Register eligibility: Contributes to a potential district: Individual Pq yes []no Pq yes []no Criteria:Pq A Pq B []C [j D District name:New Town Historic District Area(s)of significance:architecture,commerce City of Fort Collins Local Landmark status: Period of significance:ca. 1924-present [1'] individually eligible for Local Landmark designation M Contributes to designated or potential locally designated historic district STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE(briefly justify the significance checked above):The Alpert Building retains excellent physical integrity and is judged to be both architecturally and historically significant It is a fine example of early twentieth century Commercial architecture in Fort Collins. It is also a noteworthy example of the commercial architectural design of Fort Collins architect Montezuma Fuller,who was responsible for designing numerous dwellings,business blocks,churches,and institutional buildings in the city during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The Alpert Building was one of Fuller's final designs as a professional architecL The building is also historically important for its association with the fluorishing commercial district which grew along the College Avenue corridor,displacing Old Town as the commercial center of the community by the early twentieth century. The Alpert Building's architectural and historical significance qualify it as individually eligible for the National Register of Historic Places,as well as for Local Landmark designation. The building would also be considered a Contributing element to a potential National Register or locally designated historic district comprising the College Avenue or"New Town'commercial district. INVENTORY COMPLETED BY: Jason Marmor DATE:May 8,1996 AFFILIATION: RETROSPECT PHONE: 970 482-3115 ADDRESS: 1512 Briarcliff Road PROJECT NAME: Central Business Dlstrlct Historic Fort Collins,CO 80524 Property Inventory,for City of Fort Collins Planning Department(C.G.Project) Detail Page for Photographs in the Image Database Page 1 of 1 H2O449 - - Photographic Image Details Record Photo Orders Image Caption: Interior view of the Electric Shoe Shop Image Date: Unknown Approximate Date: 1925 c. a= " ' Library Reference Number: H20449 Creator: Unknown Image Content Type: building features Contexts: Post World War 1 1919-1941 ; Image Source: Historical Collection Collection: N/A Image File Location: Silver Spruce Yearbook Description: Interior view of the Electric Shoe Shop located at 140 South College Avenue, Fort Collins, Colorado. J. C. Humphrey, Manager. Type: N/A Thumbnail: /thumbnails/Hist Col/H20449 Largeview: /photos/Hist_Col/H20449 Format: HP ScanJet 6100C Scanner; Adobe 6.0; TIFF 800 dpi; JPEG 72dpi; GIF 72dpi CD Number: 215 Open This Record in a New Window to Print or Bookmark People, Buildings, and Structures directly associated with this Photograph: No people found directly linked to this Photograph. No buildings or structures found directly linked to this Photograph. Fort Collins Public Library Local History Archive ©Copyright 1996-2004 City of Fort Collins, Colorado http://library.ci.fort-collins.co.us/archive/scripts/photo_detailps3.cfin?Image_No=l 99f... 07/21/2004 Detail Page for Photographs in the Image Database Page I of 1 H06193 Photographic Image Details Record Photo Orders Image Caption:Alpert Block, 140 S. College Image Date: Unknown Approximate Date: 1925 c. Library Reference Number: H06193 Creator: Unknown Image Content Type: buildings Contexts: Post World War 1_1919-1941 Image Source: Historical Collection Collection: N/A Image File Location: N/A Description: Meyer Clothing Store, 130 S. College; Electric Shoe Shop, 140 S. College; Model Cleaners, 142 S. College; G.T. Steffey Bakery, 144 S. College; Avalon Grill, 144 S. College; Community Market, 148 S. College; Sovereign Oil and Western Union Life Insurance, 140 S. College. Type: N/A Thumbnail: /thumbnails/Hist Col/H06193 , Largeview: /photos/Hist Col/1106193 Format: HP ScanJet 6100C Scanner; Adobe 6.0; TIFF 800 dpi; JPEG 72dpi; GIF 72dpi CD Number: 69 Open This Record in a New Window to Print or Bookmark People, Buildings, and Structures directly associated with this Photograph: No people found directly linked to this Photograph. No buildings or structures found directly linked to this Photograph. Fort Collins Public Library Local History Archive ©Copyright 1996-2004 City of Fort Collins, Colorado httD:Hlibrarv.ci.fort-collins.co.us/archive/scrints/photo detailns3.cfrn?Ima2e No=9749 07/21/2004 140 South College Avenue B0404582 7/16/04 Walter J. Frick Trust, Owner Bud Frick, 484-1467 REMODEL OF 2ND AND 3RD FLOOR APARTMENTS TO INCLUDE NEW ELECTRIC, PLUMBING, HVAC, CABINETS, REUSE OF HISTORIC INTERIOR DOORS AND WINDOWS, EXTERIOR WINOW RECONSTRUCTION AND PAINTING OF WOOD TRIM. NO ADDITIONAL DWELLING UNITS BEING CREATED. The Alpert Building 140-142 South College Avenue Fort Collins, Colorado Footprints in the Sands of Time: The Story of Joseph I. Alpert Professor Janet Ore Colorado State University Julianne Fletcher May 7, 1998 Julianne Fletcher The Alpert Building 140-142 South College Avenue Fort Collins, Colorado, 80524 Historic Building Name: Alpert Building Current Building Name: Alpert Building Original Owner: unknown Current Owner: Wayne Charles, Maurice Shenk c/o Horizon West Properties 760 Whalers Way Fort Collins, Colorado 80525 Materials: brick, terra cotta. Parcel No. 97123-018-017 Style: Twentieth Century Commercial Geographic Location: The building faces west on the east side of South College Avenue between Mountain and Oak Streets and spans the area from the sidewalk of College Avenue east to the alley behind it. USGS: Fort Collins, 7.5'. Legal description: Lot 17, Block 121 of the Northwest quarter of the Southwest quarter of the Northwest quarter of the Southwest quarter of Section 12, Township 7, Range 69 West, 6th P.M. The Building The Alpert Building is a twentieth century commercial building designed and constructed by an unknown architect and builder. The building, prior to a 1925 renovation, housed a number of business including the Singer Sewing Machine Company, W. S. Thompson Music Store, and the New York Art Store. Oral history on the building indicates that prior to 1924 the facility at 140-142 South College was in such disrepair it needed to be demolished., Joseph I. Albert purchased the building to house his shoe business and his renovation costs were estimated between $11,00 and $16,000. He literally saved the 1 Rosselle, Mary and Webb, Gimmette, 1998. Wear It Again, Sam, owners. Interview by Julianne Fletcher. 4 May. 1 Julianne Fletcher building. Montezuma Fuller designed the remodel, Orton Davis was chosen to construct it, and Mr. Alpert deposited $160.00 to start the project.2 For the past 73 years, the Alpert Building housed commercial enterprises and offices. Today there are apartments on the second and third floors in addition to business tenants. The building, having been well maintained, is in very good condition. It retains a high degree of integrity in terms of location, setting, design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. Moderate changes to the building over the years have not detracted from its ability to convey its historical and architectural significance. Noticeable unchanged features in addition to the decorative facade of the building, is the flag pole at the center of the roof, visible in a 1920s photograph of the building, and the north entry. Both entries to the building are paved with beige tiles, but the north entry contains terrazzo black and white tiles spelling, "Alpert Building" and "Electric Shoe Shop." Exterior The building is an interesting rectangular three-story brick commercial structure. The facade is constructed of dark red brick with white cast concrete and terra cotta trim. It features a flat parapet roof with a simulated tile (tin-clad) sloped projection between end piers. These vertical piers which extend up the ends of the facade are decorated with parallel terra cotta strips culminating in rectangular terra cotta medallions bearing an eagle motif. The tops of these piers and the cornice are capped with similar light colored terra cotta blocks. Horizontal terra cotta trim bands are also applied in belts at window sill and lintel levels on both the second and third stories. The two upper floors are similarly fenestrated with two evenly spaced wood sash windows. These upper story 2 Thesis of Montezuma Fuller, Archives, Fort Collins City Library, Fort Collins, Colorado. 2 Julianne Fletcher windows are three-part casements with a ten-pane transom; the central section is a nearly square fixed pane, which is flanked by swing-out sashes each containing eight lights. An expanse of brick containing a decorative raised rectangular panel of projecting header occupies the space between the second and third story. The lower floor of the building is divided into two retail storefronts. Sign panels over the storefronts are set beneath a terra cotta band. Two large clerestory windows with mullions are installed above each retail entrance. The storefront windows are set in copper frames. The south storefront is recessed, with symmetrically arranged display cases flanking the entry. The bases of these display cases are clad with greenish-colored tile; these bases also contain small windows for illumination of a basement-level shop. The stairwell accessing this basement level is offset slightly to the north and features white marble steps and a brass handrail and guardrails. The north side storefront contains an entry accessing a stairway to the upper stories as well as the ground floor retail shop. Both recessed entries are paved with beige tiles, and the north side floor contains two small black and white terrazzo panels, one containing the words, "ALPERT BUILDING," and the other reading, "ELECTRIC SHOE SHOP." 3 There are four skylights on the flat roof of the building and one opaque glass panel in the floor of the second level. Customers in the store on the ground level receive light which filters from the skylight on the roof through the glass panel in the second level floor. Customers on the main floor may look up and see shadows of people walking on the glass panel. The building appears to be relatively unaltered, from its 1925 remodel. 3 Jason Marmor, "Historic Building Inventory," prepared for the City of Fort Collins, 1996, May 8. 3 Julianne Fletcher Interior On the main floor to the north side of the building at 140 South College, is "Wear It Again Sam," a used and collectible clothing store. To the south, at 142, is a perfume shop called, "Esscentuals." The basement houses a massage and tanning business. On the second floor, at the top of the stairs, is the Bodymind and Sport Center, a massage therapy business. A long stairway leads to three apartments on the second floor. Another flight of stairs, off the hall, accesses the apartment on the third floor. Structure modification history A one story building with the same footprint as The Alpert Building is at the South College location on a 1917 Sanbom map. It is assumed that adding the second and third stories may have been a part of the 1925 remodeling. In addition to the major remodeling project, Mr. Alpert purchased a permit in March of that year to remodel the basement of the building. In 1926, he arranged for unspecified remodeling, done at a cost of$225.00. In May of 1929, he requested a permit to, build up roof(sic) at 140-142 South College. In July, he added wall cases to the interior. In 1938 Alpert re-roofed the building and he insulated the attic in 19404 Significance The Alpert Building is eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places under Criterion A in the area of Commerce and under Criterion C in the area of Architecture. Criterion C - Architecture The Alpert Building is an excellent example of an early twentieth century commercial building in Fort Collins. It is especially important due to the fact the 4 Fort Collins Archives, Fort Collins City Library. Building Permit Records, 1921-1949. 4 Julianne Fletcher remodeling design was that of Montezuma Fuller, well-known in the annals of Fort Collins for his contribution to many early twentieth century structures in the area. Fuller came to Fort Collins in 1880 and designed many homes and commercial buildings including the YMCA, presently the Elks Club. An article in the Fort Collins Express of 11 January, 1890, refers to him as "the architect" though he really was not trained as one. He was known for mixing styles while simplifying and adjusting them to the small scale of Western structures. The Alpert Building was the last project Montezuma Fuller did as he died two months after his 66th birthday in January of 1925. Mr. Alpert paid the balance of the remodeling costs to Mr. Fuller's estate.5 Criterion C - Commerce: Specialty store and Office building. The Alpert Building, which housed a shoemaking/shoe repair business and other offices since 1925, is historically significant for its association with Joseph I. Alpert, an exceptional German immigrant from Russia, who operated a shoe business in Fort Collins from 1904 until 1946. His Electric Shoe Shop moved to 142 South College, The Alpert Building, in 1925 and remained at that location until the 1980s. Alpert was very successful in the shoe business, the retail clothing business and real estate. He improved Block 121 of Fort Collins by the remodeling of the building at 140-142 South College and he gave it his name. The shoe business is very closely aliened with the origins of the industrial development of this country and the history of Mr. Alpert's life in the shoe business, corresponds with the events that were a part of the broad patterns of American history. 5 Thesis on the Life of Montezuma Fuller. Archives, Fort Collins City Library, Fort Collins, Colorado. 5 Julianne Fletcher Historic Background Joseph I. Alpert, born December 15, 1877 at Odessa, Russia, came to the United States with his parents in 1883. They settled in Cincinnati, where on June 5, 1898, Joseph married Miss Fannie Benjamin.6 They left Cincinnati for Fort Collins in 1903 and in 1904, Mr. Alpert started a shoemaking and shoe repair business at 141 N. College. He called it The Eastern Shoe House. He is listed in the Fort Collins City Directory of 1904, as a shoemaker. Mr. Alpert and his parents were a part of the huge immigrant population reaching American shores in the mid 1880s. Approximately 116,000 Germans from Russia came to the United States between 1870 and 1914 fleeing from political unrest or conscription into military service.? America's railroads were a vital part of attracting Russian-Germans to the Nebraska-Colorado area. The development here of sugar beet farming and the sugar industry offered many jobs by the first decade of the twentieth century. 8 The population of Fort Collins grew from 3,053 in 1900 to 8,210 in 1910. 9 Perhaps Mr. Alpert came to this area to find work in the agricultural industry of Fort Collins or he may have realized the possibilities of making and selling shoes in an area of the country that was growing so rapidly. Shoe manufacture in this country can be traced back to a struggling agricultural village, Lynn, Massachusetts in the 1780s. Lynn was one of the first Massachusetts towns to be settled by the Puritans who left England in the 6 Fort Collins Coloradoen, 16 September 1946. p.1. 7 Joseph R. Conlin, The American Past, Second Ed. (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1984)516. 6 Kenneth W. Rock, "Germans From Russia in America: The First Hundred Years."A monograph. Fort Collins, Colorado State University, 2. "An Inventory of Historic Properties In and Around the Central Business District of Fort Collins Larimer County, Colorado." Prepared for the City of Fort Collins, Advance Planning Department by retrospect. October, 1996. 12. 6 Julianne Fletcher 1600s. When the English Civil War cut off financial support, the settlers of Lynn needed to find ways to make a living. Some turned to shipping and shipbuilding as agriculture was limited due to poor soil. Billy Gray, son of a master cordwainer, another name for shoemaker, followed his father into the shoe making business. He was so successful, in 1810 he was the richest man in Massachusetts. Over a period of decades, the people of Lynn began to make and sell shoes and Lynn emerged as a manufacturing town.10 Shoe manufacturing continued to be a good livelihood, aided by America's nationalistic attitude and the 1789 import duty on foreign shoes.» Studies of the history of industry would lead one to believe that textiles was the only significant manufacturing done in the 1880s, when in fact, 69,000 people were employed in the shoemaking industry; the textile industry employed 47,000.12 At first, shoes were made individually by a single craftsman; later, journeymen were assigned various tasks in the process, women often worked at stitching the upper part of the shoe. The first machine to be used in the industry was the Rolling Machine which in 1845 took the place of the stone and hammer used by shoemakers for beating leather. Elias Howe's inventions of the sewing machine stimulated other ideas and in 1858, Lyman R. Blake invented a machine for sewing the soles of shoes. Gordon McKay purchased the patent and developed additional machines.t3 It is possible that the loss of shoemakers to the armed forces in the Civil War hastened the invention of such 10 Paul G. Faler, Mechanics and Manufacturers in the Early Industrial Revolution, Lynn Massachusetts 1780-1860(Albany: State University of New York Press, 1981), 1-7. 11 Ibid., 15. 12 Ibid., 19. 13 Blewett, Mary H. Men, Women, and Work. Class, Gender, and Protest in the New England Shoe Industry, 1780-1910. (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988)228. 7 Julianne Fletcher machines.14 By 1870, shoe manufacturing was America's largest industry. McKay had the idea that to place his machines more rapidly, he would lease them rather than sell them. The lessee paid a moderate sum to cover the cost of installation and then royalties for the use of the machine was indicated by a meter. In this way, shoemakers did not have to provide a sizeable money investment to get into the shoe making business. 15 Even after the invention of shoe machinery, the best quality shoes continued to be bottomed by hand because the machines had not yet mastered the welt system. It wasn't until the 1880s that Charles Goodyear, Jr., introduced a machine used for welt sewing. Sewing machines were not the only new development. The mass production of the automobile changed America and Fort Collins as well. In 1909, the Model T motor car caused the livery stables and barns to give way to automobile dealerships and gasoline stations. The car also eliminated the need for as much walking as had been done prior to this time and shoes did not wear out as quickly. Mr. Alpert may have experienced a decrease in the shoe business as a result of this change. He added general merchandise and clothing to his inventory along with the sale of shoes in 1913. Practically all shoe manufacturing machines used in the antebellum period were powered by hand or foot. They were eventually adapted to electric power, which was best suited to individual machines such as sewing equipment; no turbine or engines were necessary. Statistics of the U. S. shoes industry 14 "How Modem Shoes Are Made."( copyright Boston: United Shoe Machinery Corporation, 1939),10-11. 15 Edgar M. Hoover, Jr. Location Theory and the Shoe and Leather Industries(Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1937) 164-165. 8 Julianne Fletcher indicates that by 1929, 67.5% of all shoe factories were powered by electricity.16 Mr. Alpert changed the name of his shoe company to The Electric Shoe Shop in 1917. He may have acquired his first electric machine at this time and thus the name change. Shoe retailing began with individual shoemakers selling a pair at a time, usually it took a day to make one pair. After the development of the new machines and factories, one person could turn out 10 pairs a day. With more goods available to sell merchants averaged a markup of 28 percent in 1890 and 33 percent in 1925.17 It can be seen that Mr. Alpert must have been a part of this profit curve, allowing him to invest some $11,000 in the remodeling of the building that carries his name. His success was the success of capitalism. The invention of sewing machine made his work easier, faster, and provided him more profit. The 1920s brought many changes in the shoe business. Shoe designers created more choices, there were seasonal shoes, and a rapid style and color turnover. It was also a difficult time for retailers in selecting the colors, styles, and sizes that would sell. Shoe chains began to be a force in the 1920s and could undersell the smaller merchant or the custom shoemaker. The crash of 1929 and the succeeding difficult years affected the shoe industry as well. After a period of relative prosperity for Fort Collins in the 1920s, possibly due to the 1923 discovery of a new oil field in the vicinity of Wellington, only fourteen miles away, the effects of the Great Depression were felt. Population growth and new construction slowed in Fort Collins.18 The shoe business in the 1930s struggled to survive as the popular-priced mass produced 16 Ibid., 67. 17 William A. Rossi, Profitable Footwear Retailing(New York: Fairchild Publications, 1988)4. 1s Retrospect, 15. 9 Julianne Fletcher shoes sold for only $3 to $4 a pair. Mr. Alpert maintained the Electric Shoe Company in 1930s, but he also started a real estate business. He operated both businesses until 1946. Joseph I. Alpert died in 1946 after losing both his legs seven and one-half years earlier as a result of coronary thrombosis. His legacy; the charming Alpert Building on South College Avenue, a building which speaks volumes by its very existence. Bibliography "An Inventory of Historic Properties In and Around the Central Business District of Fort Collins Larimer County, Colorado." Colorado CLG Grant Project No. 08-95-10001.16. Prepared by retrospect (sic) of Fort Collins, Colorado, 1996. Blewett, Mary H. 1988. Men, Women, and Work, Class Gender, and Protest in the New England Shoe Industry. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. Conlin, Joseph R. 1984. The American Past. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Faler, Paul G. 1981. Mechanics and Manufacturers in the Early Industrial Revolution, Lynn Massachusetts 1780-1860. Albany: State University of New York Press. Fort Collins Book of Building Permits from 1921-1949. Archives of the City of Fort Collins, Fort Collins Public Library. Fort Collins City Directory, 1904 -1982. Fort Collins Coloradoan. 1946. Hoover, Edgar M. Jr. 1937. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. "How Modem Shoes Are Made." 1939. Boston: United Shoe Machinery Corporation. Kenneth W. Rock, "Germans From Russia in America: The First Hundred Years." A monograph. Fort Collins: Colorado State University. Rossi, William A. Profitable Footwear Retailing. 1988. New York: Fairchild Publications. Interview Conversation with Mary Rosselle and Gimmette Webb, May 4, 1998. 1 J� na o e e J U go c c r V Q J U \ • v W jn . n n r VA y u!04COM0141 I. a �w 440 19 / e a 0ON. os 2ao0 ac' 200 Zi0 .i B 24z s 201 zqz I. 103 204 ';I 9 T/0,4, d � F E:MOU NTA I N --AVE MOSooSMAN � . TJ B /131" /14 Ar. /29 /2 276 /27 A Y T/7 ��r07 //' 15 // • . 7 /3/ {y 0/,. 1/B 0 a. eslY` /00 / F Y 7 UNTA � p II . R 4N p 4 .. 3p �'./2 // /0 F p ® 13 ° T-2J 14 /5 30 o / '' / W, . 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