HomeMy WebLinkAboutSupplemental Materials - Ad Hoc Housing Committee - 10/08/2020 - PowerPoint Presentation1Ad Hoc Housing Council Committee
October 8, 2020
Ad Hoc Agenda
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1.Call Meeting to Order
2.Approval of September 17, 2020
Minutes
3.Agenda Review
4.Discussion: Housing Types and Zoning
a.Zoning, density, and housing types in
Fort Collins
b.Guest Speakers from Aurora and
Portland and Q&A
c.Committee Discussion
5.Next Steps
a.Process Check-in
a.Feedback on Pre-work
b.Process Overall
b.Next Meeting Focus
Housing Plan Outline
Summer 2020 –February 2021: Housing Plan
Vision
Existing conditions (quantify problem/need)
Goals and Strategies
Targeted policies for all housing levels
Framework to evaluate impact
Align with community goals, e.g.,
affordable housing, climate action, & more
Guiding Principles & Prioritization
Spring 2021: Implementation Plan
Timelines, roles, indicators, costs, etc.
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Source: Authorstech
Here
Draft Vision
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Everyone has healthy, stable housing they
can afford
Our Biggest Challenges
1.Price escalation impacts everyone & disproportionately impacts BIPOC households
2.Current incentives and financial resources are insufficient for meeting our affordable housing goals
3.Job growth continues to outpace housing growth
4.The cost of development continues to rise
5.Addressing the entire housing spectrum will require new tools and processes
Remaining Questions
1.What will the lasting effects of COVID-19
be?
2.How will housing policies evolve to
address health and stability -particularly
for renters -in addition to affordability?
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Our Biggest Challenges
& Remaining Questions
Land Use Code Audit
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Types of Code Changes
•Regular Cleanup Items (1-2 times/year)
•Targeted Policy Amendments (as needed)
•City Plan Alignment/Land Use Code Audit
Land Use Code adopted in 1997
•Audit in 2019 upon City Plan adoption
Connections to Existing Conditions Assessment
•Challenge 4: The cost of development continues to rise
•Challenge 5: Addressing the entire housing spectrum will require new tools and processes
What We Know: Land Supply
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•City Plan forecasts indicate that demand for housing (+30,500 units)
will exceed capacity by ~2,000 units by 2040
What We Know: Mix of Housing
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•Our current housing mix is predominately single-family, detached units.
This mix has stayed very consistent over the last 20 years, even as
multifamily development has increased.
What We Know: Mix of Housing
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•City Plan identifies numerous changes to zoning and development
standards to support desired housing types (i.e. “missing middle) and to
better meet community goals
LUC Audit Recommendations
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•Align Zoning Districts and Uses with
Structure Plan Place Types
•Create More Opportunities for a
Range of Housing Options
•Clarify and Simplify Development
Standards
•Enhance the Development Review
Procedures
•Create a More User-Friendly
Document
Deep Dive: Housing Recommendations
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1.Define a range of housing options between two-family and multi-
family housing (e.g. cohousing, cottage development, ADU)
2.Clarify definitions of and opportunities for accessory dwelling units
3.Remove barriers to allowed densities
4.Incentivize affordable housing projects
Related: Update districts, uses, and review types (i.e. “what can I do,
where, and who decides?”)
Density and Design
A Few Words on Density
•Density helps create walkable neighborhoods
•Density supports housing choice and affordability
•Density helps expand transportation options
•Density support community fiscal health
•Density helps improve security
•Density helps protect the environment
Source: Local Government Commission in cooperation with U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency
The Density Spectrum
Zone District Single-Family Duplexes Multi-Family
Urban Estate (UE)YES YES NO
Low Density
Residential (RL)
YES NO NO
Neighborhood
Conservation, Low
Density (NCL)
YES NO NO
Neighborhood
Conservation,
Medium Density
(NCM)
YES YES Up to 4-plex
Low Density Mixed-
Use Neighborhood
(LMN)
YES YES YES (3-story)
The Density Spectrum
Zone District Multi-Family?Density Height
Limit
Notes
Low Density Mixed-Use
Neighborhood (LMN)
Yes,P&Z
approval when
over 50 units
12 units/acre
(affordable); 12 units/
building max (typically
townhomes)
3-story All except one of
the land bank sites
are zoned LMN
Medium Density Mixed-
Use Neighborhood (MMN)
Yes, P&Z
approval when
over 50 units
Minimum 12 units/acre
(apartments)
3-story Typically flanks an
N-C Zone
High Density Mixed-Use
Neighborhood (HMN)
Yes, P&Z
approval when
over 50 units
Minimum 20 units/acre 5-story Mostly surrounding
CSU
General Commercial (CG)Yes, P&Z
approval if over
50 units
No Limit 4-story College Ave
Corridor (Redtail
Ponds)
What does density look like?
Density:
What We’re Afraid of:
What does 3 units/acre look like?
What does 7 units/acre look like?
What does 12 units/acre look like?
15 units/acre
23 units per acre
•95 units on 4.1 acres
•Housing Catalyst’s Village on Plum
What does 30 units/acre look like?
What does 56 units/acre look like?
The District at Campus West
155 units/acre with ground floor retail
Design Matters
12 units per acre 20 units per acre
Similar feel and scale (2 story versus 3-story)
Construction Costs:
Why Density Matters
Lower density results in
higher cost per unit
Less efficiency in:
•Site costs
•Foundations
•MEP Infrastructure
•Skin ratio (exterior wall and roof surface per unit)
•Trash enclosures
•Trade sequencing and overall construction duration
•Stormwater quality and detention
•Parking
•Access control/security
Construction Costs
•Low density precludes the use of efficient central mechanical systems like central boilers, making it harder and more expensive to meet energy efficiency goals .
•Low density units are inherently less energy efficient because of their higher skin ratios and individual MEP systems
•Low density makes solar difficult, expensive, and inefficient
•Low density limits ADA accessibility to the first floor because there are no elevators
What do the costs mean?
Project A
•60 units on 2.32 acres
•26 units per acre
•100% affordable -senior
•Northern Colorado
•Same General Contractor
•Similar funding sources
•Construction completed 2017
•Cost per unit -$159k
Project B
•72 units on 6 acres
•12 units per acre
•100% affordable -family
•Northern Colorado
•Same General Contractor
•Similar funding sources
•Construction completed 2017
•Cost per unit -$173k
Construction cost difference = $14,000/unit
=> $1,000,000 + for Project B
Summary
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•We do not have enough capacity to meet housing demand
•We do have a strong policy basis for land use changes that could
directly impact missing middle housing types,recalibrate housing
incentives, and increase densities/permitted uses
•Limits on density make funding affordable projects challenging,
risky to request modifications
•Many communities are looking at changes to zoning and land use
as a key part of their housing strategy
Guest Speakers & Discussion
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Speakers:
•Aurora
-Jessica Prosser, Community
Development Manager
-Daniel Krzyzanowski, Planning
Supervisor
•Portland
-Sandra Wood, Principal Planner
Moderator:
•Paul Sizemore, Interim Community
Development and Neighborhood
Services Director
Discussion Prompts:
•What is your community’s story related to
addressing a diversity housing types via
zoning & regulatory solutions in a couple of
minutes -how and why did it start?
•How did you prioritize strategies and define
what was most impactful?
•Recognizing that land use alone will not solve
housing affordability, what else are you
coupling these solutions with to achieve your
community’s goals?
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What is your community’s story related to
addressing a diversity housing types via
zoning & regulatory solutions in a couple of
minutes -how and why did it start?
Question 1
How did Aurora begin to address housing diversity
through zoning?
Comprehensive Plan
•Housing affordability and diversity
emerged as key issues
–Demographics change and household
preferences
–Transitioning from suburban housing stock
–Equity and neighborhood protection
•Recommended housing market study
and strategy
Unified Development Code
•Needs assessment identified zoning
shortcomings:
–Responsive to new products
–Definitions and development standards
–Process and context
Portland -Project Origins
Project was initiated in
response to:
•Demolitions and scale of
infill
•Decreasing affordability
and lack of choice
•New Comp Plan policies
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Zoning limits housing choice and supply
Mixed Use 7%
Multi-Dwelling 8%
Single-Dwelling 43%
Use of Land
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Residential Infill
Project
Single-dwelling Zones
Better Housing by Design
Multi-dwelling Zones
Mixed-Use
Zones Project
Commercial/Mixed
Use Zones
Rewriting the code 38
What housing types?39
How big?40
Where?41
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How did you prioritize strategies and
define what was most impactful?
Question 2
How did Aurora begin to address housing diversity
through zoning?
Comprehensive Plan
•Housing affordability and diversity
emerged as key issues
–Demographics change and household
preferences
–Transitioning from suburban housing stock
–Equity and neighborhood protection
•Recommended housing market study
and strategy
Unified Development Code
•Needs assessment identified zoning
shortcomings:
–Responsive to new products
–Definitions and development standards
–Process and context
How does the UDO address
Aurora’s housing needs?
•Expanded definitions and development standards to “missing
middle” housing types and layouts
•Expanded use of mixed-use districts to allow residential uses in
more places
•Allow for limited use of very small lots
Live/Work:Unit designed for
both living and working. Must
include separate work space and
a kitchen.
Accessory Dwelling Unit:
Detached and separate from a
primary residential dwelling unit
and located on the same lot. Does
not include guest houses
accessory to Clubhouses.
Co-housing: A layout that includes single-family
units supported by communal facilities.
Cottage House: A layout comprised of small
houses that are no more than 800 s.f.in size and
configured on a single lot.
Affordable Housing
•“Affordable Housing Structure” specifically defined, with
special allowances given to:
–Design standards (materials, garages, etc.)
–Additional height allowed
–Parking (reduced from 1.0 to 0.85 spaces/du)
–Exempted from TOD public art requirement
Process and Context
•Defined parameters for administrative versus major
adjustments; minor and major projects
•Neighborhood protection standards to address compatibility
between adjacent uses
•Use of zoning “subareas” to calibrate standards and process by
development context
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Recognizing that land use alone will not
solve housing affordability, what else
are you coupling these solutions with
to achieve your community’s goals?
Question 3
More Zoning Tools
•Size bonuses
•Inclusionary housing
•Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs)
•Manufactured Dwelling Parks zoning
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Allow up to 6 units subject to increased affordability standard
Deeper Affordability Bonus
½ of 4, 5 or 6 units @:
60% MFI rental or
80% MFI ownership
Standard Affordability Bonus
1 unit @:
80% MFI rental or
100% MFI ownership
Deeper Affordability Bonus 53
Other Tools
•Portland Housing Bond
•Metro (Regional) Housing Bond
•Affordable housing Construction Excise Tax
•Naturally Occurring Affordable Housing
•Anti-Displacement strategies
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Anti -Displacement Strategies 55
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Discussion and Question/Answer
Committee Discussion
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Time for Council
Discussion on
Housing Types
and Zoning
Discussion Prompts:
•Quick(er) wins: If the plan is one
of the key wins of this Council,
what from today's meeting should
inform process and deliverable?
Any other quick wins to pursue?
•Transition: Is there anything we
should include as part of transition
plan for next council?
•Transformation: Did this meeting
highlight any transformational
changes that could be part of the
plan, and will take a longer time
through implementation strategy
and engagement to address?
•Next Meeting: How can the next
meeting build on today’s
conversation?
Transition to Whiteboard for this Discussion…2-3 minutes for individual reflection
Where to Head Next
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August: Overall
Focus &
Prioritization
September:
Challenges &
Existing Conditions
October: Housing
Types & Zoning
November: _____
•Systemic racism and housing
•Applying an equity lens
•Displacement and
gentrification
•Differing perceptions of density
and NIMBY
•Preserving existing affordable
housing
•Public/private partnerships or
Innovative Partnerships
•Dedicated funding source
•“Missing Middle” Housing
Types
•ADUs and Tiny Homes
•Expanding home ownership
•Demand-side strategies, e.g.,
livable wage
•U+2, Rental licensing, tenant
protections
•City Goals and Alignment, e.g.,
climate action
•City’s financing tools, e.g.,
CDBG & CCIP
•Nexus of economic policies
and housing affordability
Legend: Bold = focus of today; Italics = have focused on or touched on in prior meetings
Process Check-in
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Commitment
made to check-in
on process and
content
Discussion Prompts:
•What feedback do Councilmembers
have on the pre-work?
•What feedback do Councilmembers
have on the process overall?
•Any adjustments for the November
meeting?
2020 Next Steps
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Plan
•Engagement (Oct -Nov)
•November Ad Hoc Committee
Meeting
•December 8 Work Session
-Goals, strategies, & guiding principles
-Plan outline
Action
•Manufactured housing
•Metro Districts
Workshops Date/Time
Virtual Workshop 1 October 19, 2:30-4pm
Virtual Workshop 2 October 20, 10 -11:30AM
Virtual Workshop 3 October 20, 6 -7:30PM
Virtual Workshop 4 October 26, 6-7:30PM
Virtual Workshop 5 October 29, 10 -11:30AM
Virtual Workshop 6 October 29, 6 -7:30PM
New plan website at fcgov.com/housing
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BACKUP
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Housing Affordability Along
the Income Spectrum
AMI 0%
Below 80% AMI is City’s
Definition of Affordable Housing
80%
$69.7K/yr
200%100%
$87.2K/yr
120%
$105K/yr
$415K
Market Housing
$320KPurchase Price
Goal is defined by AHSP
(188-228 units/year)
Fewer attainable options are
available to Middle Income Earners
Goal is harder to define & City influence
may be outweighed by market forces
Fall Community Engagement
Focus: Key Plan
Milestones
Vision (Sept/Oct)
Goals, Strategies, &
Guiding Principles
(Nov/Dec)
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How: Remove Barriers & Build Relationships
Language Justice, Spanish/English
Policy 101
Partner-led conversations and events
Connect policy & plan to lived experience
Click to add text
Updates and Newsletters: https://ourcity.fcgov.com/home2health
Community Questions
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Question #1:Based on your experience, do these challenges [from existing conditions] reflect
what you know about housing in Fort Collins?
Question #3: What needs to change to address these challenges?
Question #4: Who can help make the change needed?
Question #2: How do these challenges affect you and our community more broadly?
Follow up: What resources have helped you or people you know address these challenges?
Question #5: What do you wish decision makers understood about your experience with housing?
Question #6: How would you like to engage in the future?