HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOUNCIL - AGENDA ITEM - 02/16/2021 - FIRST READING OF ORDINANCE NO. 028, 2021, MAKING S Agenda Item 10
Item # 10 Page 1
AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY February 16, 2021
City Council
STAFF
Meaghan Overton, City Planner
Paul Sizemore, Interim Director, Comm. Devt. & Neighborhood Serv.
Sue Beck-Ferkiss, Social Policy and Housing Programs Manager
Ingrid Decker, Legal
SUBJECT
First Reading of Ordinance No. 028, 2021, Making Supplemental Appropriations for Year 2 of the
Home2Health Project.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The purpose of this item is to complete the second and final appropriation of unanticipated grant revenue in the
amount of $363,513 awarded by the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE)
through its Health Disparities Grant Program (HDGP). In 2019, Fort Collins was awarded a reimbursable grant
of $795,657 from CDPHE to support the Home2Health initiative. The first appropriation of $397,828 was
approved on consent via Ordinance No. 090, 2019.
This item is listed on discussion to allow Councilmember Gorgol to recuse herself.
STAFF RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends adoption of the Ordinance on First Reading.
BACKGROUND / DISCUSSION
The objective of the Home2Health initiative is to implement community -led policy, code, and regulatory
changes to improve housing affordability in Fort Collins, particularly for community members who struggle to
afford safe, stable, high-quality housing. The Centers for Disease Control, the World Health Organization, and
Healthy People 2020 all state that housing affordability and quality are critical components in health outcomes,
and this grant project seeks to reduce health inequities in our community by addressing housing as an
“upstream” determinant of health.
Funding for this grant comes from the CDPHE Office of Health Equity’s Health Disparities Grant Program
(HDGP). This grant is funded through Amendment 3 5 (Tobacco Tax) revenues. A memo from the Office of
Health Equity, outlines the background of the Request for Applications for this grant, the review process, and
the funding recommendations made to the State Board of Health in March 2019. (Attachment 1)
Amount and Timing: The City was awarded a total of $795,657 in reimbursable grant funding over a two -year
grant cycle (State FY 2020-2021). This total award was reduced by approximately 8.5% ($34,316) in the
second year of the grant cycle due to lower-than-expected tobacco tax revenues at the state level. A total of
$397,828 has been appropriated to date, and the current appropriation of $363,513 will fulfill the remainder of
the revised project budget of $761,341.
Agenda Item 10
Item # 10 Page 2
Year 1 (July 2019-June 2020) focused on assessment, analysis and community engagement. Year 2 (July
2020-June 2021) is emphasizing code/policy writing and supporting the update and implementation of the
City’s Housing Strategic Plan (HSP).
Key Staff and Partners: The City is the lead agency on this grant and is responsible for overall management
and coordination of all grant activities, including any tasks completed with consultant support. Departments
involved in this effort include:
• Planning - lead, convener, organizer, public engagement, code changes
• Finance - grant management, financial expertise, purchasing assistance
• Social Sustainability - topic area expertise, policy coordination, public engagement, code changes
The grant also requires cross-sector collaboration with outside organizations or entities who receive funding
through sub-grants with the City and play a key role in the project:
• Larimer County Department of Health and Environment, Built Environment Group : $3,000
• The Family Center/La Familia: $5,000
• The Center for Public Deliberation at CSU: $45,000
• The Family Leadership Training Institute: $50,000
Each of these organizations has been formally committed to the grant project since its inception in the summer
of 2019 and has submitted a letter of collaboration to CDPHE.
Previous related Council Actions: Several policy documents adopted by Council within the last six years,
including the City Strategic Plan (2018) and City Plan (2019), discuss the need for more affordable housing,
both subsidized and unsubsidized. Further, several plans specifically mention a need to prevent displacement
of vulnerable populations. This grant provides significant funding to conduct community engagement and
implement policy direction contained in:
• Affordable Housing Redevelopment Displacement Mitigati on Strategy (2013)
• Housing Affordability Policy Study (2014)
• Affordable Housing Strategic Plan (2015 with update beginning this year)
• Social Sustainability Strategic Plan (2016)
• City Strategic Plan (2018)
• City Plan (2019)
• Housing Strategic Plan (2021)
This grant is closely aligned with community, City and Council priorities, particularly in the Neighborhood
Livability and Social Health Outcome Area.
CITY FINANCIAL IMPACTS
This grant is administered on a reimbursement basis; funds are spent and reimbursed from the General Fund
monthly. The amount of $363,513 in both revenue and expense will be appropriated in the City’s General
Fund and does not require a local match.
ATTACHMENTS
1. CDPHE Office of Health Equity Funding Recommendations Memo, 2019 (PDF)
To: Members of the State Board of Health
From: Maggie Gomez, Co-chair, Health Equity Commission
Leslie Cook-Knerr, Co-chair, Health Equity Commission
Web Brown, Director, Office of Health Equity
Jami Hiyakumoto, Manager, Health Disparities Grant Program
Through: Karin McGowan, Deputy Executive Director and Director, Community Relations
and Legislative Services Division (KM)
Date: March 18, 2019
Subject: Request for approval of the Health Equity Commission’s FY 2020-2021 funding
recommendations for Health Disparities Grant Program grantee projects.
The Health Disparities Grant Program (HDGP) respectfully requests approval of the enclosed
funding recommendations for grant projects for the next two-year funding cycle, fiscal years
(FY) 2020-2021, beginning July 1, 2019 and concluding June 30, 2021. Specifically, the grant
program is seeking approval to provide a total of $2,934,570 in grant funding to five (5)
grantee projects.
Per statute, these recommendations were approved by the Health Equity Commission and are
supported by the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE).
Enclosed with this memo is:
Background information and statutory requirements.
The HDGP FY 2020-2021 RFA (Request for Applications) and Strategic Framework.
Application review and funding recommendation processes.
List of the FY 2020-2021 recommended grant projects.
FY 2020-2021 HDGP projects recommended for funding.
These funding recommendations expand the grant activities approved by the Board of Health
in April and May of 2018. A summary of these grants is located in Appendix A.
Please contact Web Brown, Director of the Office of Health Equity (OHE) at 303-692-2329 with
any questions or requests for additional information.
ATTACHMENT 1
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 2
Background Information and Statutory Requirements
The Colorado Assembly created the Health Disparities Grant Program (HDGP) to “provide
prevention, early detection, and treatment of cancer and cardiovascular and pulmonary
diseases to under-represented populations. These populations are currently identified by
race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability status, age, geographic area
and socioeconomic status and experience poorer health outcomes.”
Sections 25-4-2203(2)(b) and 25-20.5-302, C.R.S., and 6 CCR 1014-5 (HDGP rules promulgated
by the State Board of Health) state grants for the HDGP shall meet at least one of the
following criteria:
Provide evidence-based strategies for the prevention and early detection of cancer,
cardiovascular disease and chronic pulmonary disease in health care, workplace and
community settings;
Provide diagnosis and treatment services for anyone who has abnormalities discovered
in screening and early detection programs;
Implement education programs for the public and health care providers regarding
cancer, cardiovascular disease and chronic pulmonary disease; or
Provide evidence-based strategies to overcome health disparities in the prevention
and early detection of cancer, cardiovascular disease and chronic pulmonary disease.
The Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) acknowledges that
generations-long social, economic and environmental inequities result in poorer health. They
affect communities differently and have a greater influence on health than either individual
choices or a person’s ability to access health care. Reducing health disparities through
policies, practices and organizational systems can help improve opportunities for all
Coloradans.
To address these issues, the overall purpose of the HDGP is to ensure all Coloradans have an
equal opportunity to live in thriving communities and achieve their full health potential. To
accomplish this (including preventing diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease and
pulmonary disease and addressing health disparities), the OHE realizes we need to look at
factors that affect where we are born, grow, live, learn, work, play and age. This includes
social and economic factors that influence health and public health, such as unequal
education, employment, social support, community safety, housing, transportation and
environmental conditions.
These factors are called “upstream determinants” because they begin to have a negative
impact on a person’s health long before the person is diagnosed with a disease. Addressing
these determinants presents an opportunity to prevent diseases from developing. By funding
programs, policies and practices that address these upstream determinants, we can influence
healthy social, economic and environmental conditions that give rise to health disparities and
contribute to cancer, cardiovascular disease and chronic pulmonary disease.
Section 25-4-2206, C.R.S. created a 15-member Health Equity Commission that serves as an
advisor to the OHE issues, specifically focusing on alignment, education, and capacity-building
for state and local health programs and community-based organizations. This commission
makes recommendations to the office and the department on the health disparities grant
program regarding financial support for local and statewide initiatives that address
prevention, early detection, needs assessment, and treatment of cancer, cardiovascular
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 3
disease, including diabetes, and pulmonary disease in minority populations. In addition,
pursuant to Section 25-4-2203, C.R.S. the commission appoints a review committee to review
the applications received and make recommendations to the commission regarding the
entities that may receive grants and the amount of the grants. The commission finalizes the
recommendations for funding and provide them to the state board. Within thirty days (30)
after receiving the commission’s recommendations, the state board awards grants to the
selected entities, specifying the amount and duration of each award. Grants are not to
exceed three years without renewal.
Evaluation of the HDGP is required pursuant to Section 25-20.5-305, C.R.S. HDGP grantees will
work with Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Institute for Health Research, Partners in Education
Research Center (the state selected evaluation grantee) to develop evaluation plans and to
seek assistance on evaluation strategies. Grantees are required to submit quarterly progress
reports and report on project implementation and outcomes.
The HDGP FY 2020-2021 RFA (Request for Applications) and
Strategic Framework
The Office of Health Equity developed a strategic framework after engaging community,
governmental, statewide and rural agencies to gather input on the need for funding related to
closing the gap on health disparities in Colorado. The HDGP seeks to fund lead agencies with
existing partnerships to implement evidence-based strategies to overcome health disparities
in the prevention, early detection, and treatment of cancer, cardiovascular and pulmonary
diseases in underrepresented populations by: 1) working on systems and policy changes that
are community led and address housing and land-use planning, 2) focus on affordability and
reducing displacement, segregation and gentrification. These partnerships must include
multisector collaborations (for example: education, transportation, environmental conditions,
employment, community safety, etc.). The project must begin the process for making, or
implementing approaches that make, changes to public and organizational practices, rules,
laws and regulatory changes related to housing and land-use planning focused on anti-
displacement and/or affordability that affect how systems operate and influence people’s
health.
With guidance from the Health Equity Commission, the Office of Health Equity released RFA
#11545 on September 12, 2018 that reflected the HDGP FY 2020-2021 strategic framework. An
applicant information webinar for the HDGP RFA was held on September 25, 2018. In addition,
applicants had the opportunity to submit questions regarding the RFA to the program staff via
email. Updates and responses to all questions received were posted on the program’s web
page (https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/cdphe/hdgp-funding-opportunities) for public
access. The deadline for all grant applications was October 30, 2018.
Application Review and Funding Recommendation Processes
Thirteen (13) applications for HDGP grants were receive by the RFA deadline totaling a
request of approximately $3,900,000 per year.
A four-stage review process was followed. The first stage involved a technical review by
program staff for completeness in addressing major components of the RFA (e.g., did the
application propose a system or policy change, are the partners from different sectors, etc.)
and compliance with the legislation. Next, nine (9) applications totaling a request of
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 4
approximately $2,800,000 per year (a total of $5,600,000 for the 2-year grant period) moved
to the remaining three-stage process on November 15, 2018. This included an independent
scoring by individual reviewers comprised of community volunteers and program staff
assigned applications based on their area of expertise. Conflicts of interest were disclosed
and accounted for during the application review assignments.
During the next stage which took place between January 2, 2019 and January 18, 2019,
reviewers met as a team to discuss each application and agree on the overall team score for
each application. Three (3) applications scored 86-100 points and were highly recommended
for funding; two (2) applications scored 71-85 points and were recommended for funding if
funds were available; and four (4) applications scored below 70 points and were not
recommended for funding. Finally, a funding conference was held on February 6, 2019 where
applications were discussed and a final list of recommended applications was forwarded to
the Health Equity Commission. The Health Equity Commission met to review and finalize
these recommendations on February 6, 2019 and again conflicts were disclosed. Individuals
were asked to leave the room during review, discussion and voting on those applications as
needed. Through a formal vote the Health Equity Commission moved five (5) applications
totaling $2,934,570 for the two-year grant cycle for final approval by the Board of Health.
These five (5) agencies represent both urban and rural counties; community-based
organizations and local public health agencies. All projects focus on either housing or land-
use planning with the goal of increasing housing affordability and reducing displacement,
segregation and gentrification as outlined in the RFA.
FY 2020-2021 HDGP Projects Recommended for Funding
The following provides detail regarding the projects recommended for funding for the next 2-
year funding cycle. Please note that all amounts listed are the total “not to exceed” 2-year
funding amounts. The detailed project information is based on the information contained in
the originally submitted grant applications and may vary from the final negotiated projects.
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 5
Number of Recommended Applications by Upstream Determinants of Health
Upstream Determinants of Health
# Apps %
Housing 3 50%
Land-use Planning 3 50%
Totals 6* 100%
*Some applicants will work on both upstream determinants during their project.
50%50%
UPSTREAM DETERMINANTS OF
HEALTH
Housing Land-use Planning
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 6
FY 2020-2021 Health Disparities Grant Program Projects
Funding is contingent upon satisfactory performance and funding availability.
Grantee Project Title Total Up-to
Funding
Chaffee County Public
Health & Environmental
Health
Preventing Displacement of LMI Residents Through
Strategic Policies $450,970
City of Fort Collins
Making Policy Together: A Community-Driven
Approach to Improving Housing Affordability in Fort
Collins $795,657
Eagle County Public Health
and Environment Healthy Housing Eagle County (HHEC) $797,945
Lake County Public Health
Agency Leadville-Lake County Affordable Housing Project $400,000
United for a New Economy-
GES Coalition
Globeville Elyria Swansea Equitable Development
Plan & Community Ownership and Stewardship $489,998
$2,934,570
FY 2020-2021 Health Disparities Grant Program
Recommended Grant Project Summaries
Funding is contingent upon satisfactory performance and funding availability.
Grantee: Chaffee County Public Health and Environmental Health
Project Title: Preventing Displacement of LMI Residents through Strategic Policies
Upstream
Determinant of
Health to Address:
Land-use Planning
Project Summary: With Chaffee County’s dramatic population growth, low and
moderate income wage earners are being displaced due to
skyrocketing housing costs. This project will provide the community
with engagement, education, and analysis that will change the
regulatory plans and policies to decrease the cost of housing
production and include affordability.
How project
addresses CCPD
Housing instability and related financial pressure is associated with
stress and anxiety. “Chronic stress is associated with serious health
conditions including asthma, arthritis and allergies, as well as other
short and long-term physical and mental health problems. As the
process of gentrification causes property values to increase and
demand for housing to accelerate, rising housing costs place a
disproportionate burden on lower income residents with limited
household budgets. This leaves individuals and families struggling to
afford housing at the expense of their health. Spending more to
afford housing leaves fewer resources for basic health-promoting
necessities such as food, healthcare, transportation, education or
childcare.”1
1 The California Endowment; “Power, Place, and Public Health,” June 2017.
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 7
The applicant states that rent costs in Chaffee County have risen
125% since 2009, according to the US Census American Community
Survey, with the average rent asked in 2016 being $1,675. During
that same time frame, wages earned have only increased by 19%,
with the median household income for 2016 sitting at $50,993.
Housing expenses at that household income, without being rent-
burdened (that is, using no more than 30% of a household’s income
for rent), should be around $1,275. In addition, homes that were
previously occupied by wage-earning residents have been converted
into short term rental units, where the owners are asking, and
getting, close to $200 per night. Therefore, most wage earners,
and specifically low to moderate income wage earners, in Chaffee
County are managing their housing costs by one or more of the
following:
Spending most of their income on housing costs, which “impacts
health by limiting the income spent on health care, food, and
other essential needs.”
Moving multiple times per year, particularly prevalent with 6
and 9 month leases, where the property owner relies on the
short term rental market to capitalize on the tourist season.
“Frequent moves increase the risk for mental and behavioral
health problems, substance misuse, teen pregnancy, lower
health ratings in adulthood, and poor school performance.”
Living in overcrowded environments, where multiple households
share in the housing costs. This overcrowding is associated with
“respiratory diseases, poor mental health, elevated stress
levels, increased rate of infectious disease, and high blood
pressure.”
Commuting to locations in other counties, over mountain passes
in many instances, increasing the “stress of travel and more
hours and money required” to commute to work and school.
Staying in places not meant for human habitation, where
homelessness “increases ill health effects including chronic
disease, infectious disease, hunger, injuries, stress, violence,
disruption of medical and mental health care, and
malnutrition.”
Accepting substandard housing, which often increases “exposure
to lead poisoning and asthma attacks triggered by mold and
other irritants.”2
This project will use community-organizing techniques to build
strong coalitions and partnerships to help community residents
advocate for changes in housing policy that will decrease barriers to
accessing affordable, high quality, stable and safe housing.
Community organizing is an evidence-based approach that uses
various techniques—such as empowerment & coalition building—to
increase the capacity of community residents to advocate for and
2 Colorado Department of Public Health & Enviro nment; “Housing Stability: Lack of Affordable Housing;” June 8,
2017.
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 8
promote the interests of their community. The concepts of
empowerment and community participation are considered the
“twin pillars” of health promotion and well-being.3 The World
Health Organization defines health promotion as “a process enabling
people to increase control over and to improve their health.”
Evidence also shows that the use of organizing approaches—
including coalition building and the creation of effective
partnerships—increases individual empowerment and social support
and promotes health and well-being, in turn enhancing the
prevention of chronic cardiovascular disease and diabetes.4
Intended Population: Low to moderate income wage earners
Statewide or
Targeted:
Chaffee County
Urban, Rural or Both: Rural
Measures of Success:
Proposed System or
Policy Change:
This project proposes working with multi-sector partners to
influence housing affordability, regulatory procedures, and the
county’s comprehensive plan.
Anticipated Activities and Outcomes:
Year 1:
Launch Learning Collaboratives to engage community members with facilitated
educational opportunities and policy discussions around land-use planning strategies
and additional interventions to increase housing affordability.
Obtain feedback on land-use strategies and affordable housing interventions through
Learning Collaboratives.
Collect targeted community feedback from real estate professionals, development
professionals, planners and the general public.
Year 2:
Document existing short-term rental stock.
Recommend appropriate short-term rental policies.
Engage the Chaffee County Board of Planning and Zoning to modify land-use zoning
and codes to increase housing affordability.
Outcomes:
Increased community engagement.
Understanding community readiness.
Community input regarding land-use and zoning strategies to encourage affordable
housing production, thereby increasing the supply of affordable housing
opportunities.
Modified land-use zoning and codes to increase housing affordability.
A data dashboard to illustrate the goals for affordable housing production alongside
the actual numbers of housing units produced to determine if the intervention
changed the housing production ecosystem to produce more affordable housing
opportunities.
3 Minkler, M. (2010). Community Organizing and Community Building for Health and Welfare . New Brunswick,
NJ: Rutgers University Press.
4 Minkler, M. (2010). Community Organizing and Community Building for Health and Welfare. New Brunswick,
NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 9
Financial Overview:
Project Duration: July 1, 2019 - June 30, 2021
Recommended Up-to Funding Approval for 2-year Grant: $450,970
Grantee: City of Fort Collins
Project Title: Making Policy Together: A Community-driven Approach to Improving
Housing Affordability in Fort Collins
Upstream
Determinant of
Health to Address:
Housing
Land-use Planning
Project Summary: The City of Fort Collins seeks to decrease health inequities linked to
limited housing affordability through a community-driven approach
to land-use and housing policy change. Potential changes could
include community land trusts, policies to preserve existing and
incentivize new affordable housing, increases to allowable
densities, and changes to impact fees.
How project
addresses CCPD
Housing instability and related financial pressure is associated with
stress and anxiety. “Chronic stress is associated with serious health
conditions including asthma, arthritis and allergies, as well as other
short and long-term physical and mental health problems. As the
process of gentrification causes property values to increase and
demand for housing to accelerate, rising housing costs place a
disproportionate burden on lower income residents with limited
household budgets. This leaves individuals and families struggling to
afford housing at the expense of their health. Spending more to
afford housing leaves fewer resources for basic health-promoting
necessities such as food, healthcare, transportation, education or
childcare.”5
The applicant states that despite the perception that Larimer
County is one of the healthiest communities in the State, there is
considerable room to improve chronic disease outcomes. Between
1995 and 2013, the two leading causes of death in Larimer County
were heart disease and malignant neoplasms. Moreover, according
to data from the Health District of Northern Larimer County
(HDNLC) Community Health Survey (CHS, 2016), there has been a
rapid increase in obesity during this same time frame. The county
also has high rates of adults with elevated blood pressure (22%) and
a diabetes prevalence rate of 6%. Both conditions are known risk
factors for heart disease.
When analyzing health outcomes and self-reported health data by
income, evidence of health disparities becomes apparent.
Respondents to the 2016 CHS who were 185% above the federal
poverty level (FPL) were more likely to report a health status of
5 The California Endowment; “Power, Place, and Public Health,” June 2017.
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 10
‘excellent,’ ‘very good,’ or ‘good’ compared to residents who were
at 185% or below the FPL (95% compared to 85%). Data from the
same survey also shows that respondents report a lower rate of
diabetes in individuals at 185% above the FPL compared to
individuals at 185% or below the FPL (5% compared to
10%). Additionally, 21% of respondents who were below the FPL
answered that they were ‘usually’ or ‘always’ worried or stressed
about paying for their mortgage or rent.
Through our work with City Plan and the development of the Fort
Collins Health and Equity Index, we know that many of Fort Collins’
most vulnerable residents live in Census tracts north of the Poudre
River. Residents in these Census tracts tend to earn lower incomes,
have lower levels of educational attainment, and are more likely to
be of Hispanic/Latinx heritage than residents in the city at large.
We also know that the health outcomes included in the Health
Equity Index (obesity, asthma, physical activity, and mental health)
are worse for residents in these parts of our community. Well-
respected organizations including the Center for Housing Policy, the
American Planning Association, the American Public Health
Association, and the Public Health Institute state that these kinds of
social and environmental conditions (low incomes, limited English
proficiency, low levels of educational attainment, stress, housing
instability, etc.) put people at increased risk for health inequities.
This project will use community-organizing techniques to build
strong coalitions and partnerships to help community residents
advocate for changes in housing policy that will decrease barriers to
accessing affordable, high quality, stable and safe housing.
Community organizing is an evidence-based approach that uses
various techniques—such as empowerment & coalition building—to
increase the capacity of community residents to advocate for and
promote the interests of their community. The concepts of
empowerment and community participation are considered the
“twin pillars” of health promotion and well-being.6 The World
Health Organization defines health promotion as “a process enabling
people to increase control over and to improve their health.”
Evidence also shows that the use of organizing approaches—
including coalition building and the creation of effective
partnerships—increases individual empowerment and social support
and promotes health and well-being, in turn enhancing the
prevention of chronic cardiovascular disease and diabetes.7
Intended Population: Low-income residents, including Hispanic/Latinx residents
6 Minkler, M. (2010). Community Organizing and Community Building for Health and Welfare . New Brunswick,
NJ: Rutgers University Press.
7 Minkler, M. (2010). Community Organizing and Community Building for Health and Welfare . New Brunswick,
NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 11
Statewide or
Targeted:
City of Fort Collins
Urban, Rural or Both: Urban
Measures of Success:
Proposed System or
Policy Change:
Application identifies potential land use and housing policy changes
such as community land trust, policies to encourage preservation of
existing affordable housing, incentives for new affordable housing,
increases to allowable densities in zoning and land codes, and
changes to impact fees; it proposes to engage community to select
those changes.
Anticipated Activities and Outcomes:
Year 1:
Organize a strategic planning retreat to develop the capacity of City staff and cross-
sector partners to more fully understand the linkages between land-use, housing
policy, economics/affordability and health by developing and leading a multi-sector
Health in All Policies (HiAP) coalition.
Improve leadership understanding and capacity for action around health equity and
housing affordability by providing training and involving City leadership throughout
the project.
Improve community capacity to participate in policy processes and collaborate with
local government on housing affordability and health issues.
Engage the community to evaluate and identify priority housing policy and land-use
changes.
Year 2:
Continue to build broad-based community support for change with the goal of
adopting the identified priority housing policy and land-use changes into City
ordinances, codes and policy documents.
Host a community summit to evaluate and recommend policy and land-use changes
Convene a minimum of five (5) planning meetings with the HiAP coalition to
prepared housing policy and land use changes for adoption by City Council.
Continue bilingual langue justice civic leadership training with a two-generation
cohort.
Draft ordinances and code changes to implement recommended policies.
Outcomes:
Increase in capacity of staff, decision makers and residents around policies that
impact health.
Increased collaboration among City of Fort Collins departments and between the
City and partners.
Institutionalized HiAP approach.
Identification of policy solutions.
Increased efficacy of community members to participate in civic engagement
opportunities.
Increased participation from a diverse range of stakeholders at public meetings.
Evaluate the project in a way that prioritizes cultural competence and humility.
Financial Overview:
Project Duration: July 1, 2019 - June 30, 2021
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 12
Recommended Up-to Funding Approval for 2-year Grant: $795,657
Grantee: Eagle County Public Health and Environment
Project Title: Healthy Housing Eagle County (HHEC)
Upstream
Determinant of
Health to Address:
Housing
Project Summary: HHEC decreases risk of chronic disease/cancer in mobile home
communities by decreasing chronic stress and exposure to household
hazards. HHEC increases homeownership through creation of a
community land trust and changes policies to rectify long-standing
injustices in the quality of affordable housing through stronger
renter protections and grassroots advocacy.
How project
addresses CCPD
Housing instability and related financial pressure is associated with
stress and anxiety. “Chronic stress is associated with serious health
conditions including asthma, arthritis and allergies, as well as other
short and long-term physical and mental health problems. As the
process of gentrification causes property values to increase and
demand for housing to accelerate, rising housing costs place a
disproportionate burden on lower income residents with limited
household budgets. This leaves individuals and families struggling to
afford housing at the expense of their health. Spending more to
afford housing leaves fewer resources for basic health-promoting
necessities such as food, healthcare, transportation, education or
childcare.”8
The grantee states that prevention, early detection and treatment
of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and chronic pulmonary disease
disproportionately affect underrepresented populations in Eagle
County. Evidence shows that “upstream determinants” are
especially impactful on health outcomes because they influence a
person’s health significantly in advance of the presentation of
disease. Housing stability is an upstream determinant of health that
disproportionately and negatively affects lower income and minority
populations in our community. To overcome these health
disparities, Eagle County Public Health and Environment (ECPHE)
will implement policy and systems changes related to housing
stability and affordability.
Disadvantaged communities are at increased risk of cancer,
cardiovascular, and pulmonary diseases when they live in
substandard housing or are housing insecure. Substandard housing
can expose residents to unsafe levels of mold, indoor air pollutants,
pests, inadequate heat/cooling, and low quality water. Substandard
housing in Eagle County lacks appropriate places for exercise,
recreation, and is not properly connected to the wider community.
8 The California Endowment; “Power, Place, and Public Health,” June 2017.
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 13
Housing insecurity is pervasive in Eagle County and is a contributor
to chronic stress. Both chronic stress and exposure to household
hazards are prevalent in our vulnerable populations living in mobile
home communities. This project will meaningfully decrease these
two risk factors, therefore increasing health equity and preventing
cardiovascular disease, chronic pulmonary disease, and cancer.
This project will use community-organizing techniques to build
strong coalitions and partnerships to help community residents
advocate for changes in housing policy that will decrease barriers to
accessing affordable, high quality, stable and safe housing.
Community organizing is an evidence-based approach that uses
various techniques—such as empowerment & coalition building—to
increase the capacity of community residents to advocate for and
promote the interests of their community. The concepts of
empowerment and community participation are considered the
“twin pillars” of health promotion and well-being.9 The World
Health Organization defines health promotion as “a process enabling
people to increase control over and to improve their health.”
Evidence also shows that the use of organizing approaches—
including coalition building and the creation of effective
partnerships—increases individual empowerment and social support
and promotes health and well-being, in turn enhancing the
prevention of chronic cardiovascular disease and diabetes.10
Intended Population: Lower income, Latinx, renters, mobile home communities
Statewide or
Targeted:
Eagle River Valley with a focus on mobile home communities
Urban, Rural or Both: Rural
Measures of Success:
Proposed System or
Policy Change:
Proposing affordable housing policies, such as right of first refusal,
renter protections, exploring impact of accessory dwelling units
(ADUs) and short term rentals, and looking at developing a
community land trust. Application focused on housing, both on
affordability and anti-displacement, building on a 2018 county-wide
housing assessment, the public health improvement plan, and
previous work completed by the health department.
Anticipated Activities and Outcomes:
Increase opportunities for home ownership.
Advocate for first right of refusal-type of policy at the county and town level.
Engage the Vail Valley Partnership (VVP) to lead an assessment on the distribution,
abundance, quality and economic impact of Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) and
short-term rentals.
Establish a community land trust (CLT).
9 Minkler, M. (2010). Community Organizing and Community Building for Health and Welfare . New Brunswick,
NJ: Rutgers University Press.
10 Minkler, M. (2010). Community Organizing and Community Building for Health and Welfare. New Brunswick,
NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 14
Advocate for stronger affordable housing guidelines at the county and municipal
level.
Change policies to address current and long-standing injustices around housing.
Fund additional Neighborhood Navigators to work with mobile home communities
and build community led advocacy through leadership pipeline for emerging and
minority leaders to grow and pursue positions of power and decision-making in the
community.
Build a framework to comprehensively support renters and mobile home owners who
rent land.
Improve mobile home communities by hiring legal consultant to assist in determining
regulatory changes that could aid Eagle County Government in bringing difficult
mobile home owners into compliance and good standing.
Explore microfinance as a means to home improvements so that individual owners
can make much needed safety and energy efficiency upgrades.
Increase meaningful evaluation across community initiatives.
Outcomes:
Increase number of residents protected by stronger renters’ rights ordinances.
Increase in price-capped units due to change in housing guidelines.
Identify new community leaders and retain their engagement.
Loosen up the competitive housing market by creating a community land trust.
Financial Overview:
Project Duration: July 1, 2019 - June 30, 2021
Recommended Up-to Funding Approval for 2-year Grant: $797,945
Grantee: Lake County Public Health Agency
Project Title: Leadville-Lake County Affordable Housing Project
Upstream
Determinant of
Health to Address:
Housing
Project Summary: The Leadville-Lake County Affordable Housing Project will address
housing as an upstream determinant of health. It will ensure the
Leadville’s municipal code and Lake County’s land development
code protect and expand affordable housing. It will also develop a
system of education and counseling to help community members
access affordable housing.
How project
addresses CCPD
Housing instability and related financial pressure is associated with
stress and anxiety. “Chronic stress is associated with serious health
conditions including asthma, arthritis and allergies, as well as other
short and long-term physical and mental health problems. As the
process of gentrification causes property values to increase and
demand for housing to accelerate, rising housing costs place a
disproportionate burden on lower income residents with limited
household budgets. This leaves individuals and families struggling to
afford housing at the expense of their health. Spending more to
afford housing leaves fewer resources for basic health-promoting
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 15
necessities such as food, healthcare, transportation, education or
childcare.”11
The applicant cited that “although the body of research linking
housing and health is still growing, researchers have also found that
access to quality affordable housing in well-resourced
neighborhoods has led to reduced chronic and infectious disease
rates.”12 Not only does constructing affordable housing bring down
chronic disease rates by reducing chronic stress, but it prevents
people from being displaced into outlying communities. In Lake
County, local residents are often displaced to outlying
manufactured housing communities (which currently house nearly
half the families enrolled in our local school district). Once here,
community members are physically disconnected from community
health amenities such as the grocery store, recreation facilities or
preventative health care--further increasing risk of chronic disease.
According to a RAND Health working paper, “The accumulated strain
from stressful experiences may trigger the release of cortisol,
cytokines, and other substances that can damage the immune
defenses, vital organs, and physiologic systems, leading to more
rapid onset or progression of chronic illness.”13 The lack of
affordable housing in any community increases chronic disease rates
by increasing chronic stress. In Lake County, community members
(many of whom already are experiencing chronic stress) respond to
the lack of affordable housing in ways that increase their chronic
stress. For example, by cutting back on critical necessities such as
food; moving in with other families or family members; choosing
risky market-solution options such as manufactured housing (where
they soon find that the lack of tenant protections put them at great
disadvantage); or moving away either to outlying manufactured
housing communities or out of Lake County altogether thereby
further exacerbating stress through the loss of their support
networks.
This project will use community-organizing techniques to build
strong coalitions and partnerships to help community residents
advocate for changes in housing policy that will decrease barriers to
accessing affordable, high quality, stable and safe housing.
Community organizing is an evidence-based approach that uses
various techniques—such as empowerment & coalition building—to
increase the capacity of community residents to advocate for and
promote the interests of their community. The concepts of
empowerment and community participation are considered the
11 The California Endowment; “Power, Place, and Public Health,” June 2017.
12 ChangeLab Solutions; “Preserving, Protecting, and Expanding Affordable Housing, A Policy Toolkit for Public
Health,” 2015.
13 RAND Health; “Understanding the Upstream Social Determinants of Health,” May 2015. (Nazleen Bharmal,
2015)
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 16
“twin pillars” of health promotion and well-being.14 The World
Health Organization defines health promotion as “a process enabling
people to increase control over and to improve their health.”
Evidence also shows that the use of organizing approaches—
including coalition building and the creation of effective
partnerships—increases individual empowerment and social support
and promotes health and well-being, in turn enhancing the
prevention of chronic cardiovascular disease and diabetes.15
Intended Population: Rural, low- and middle-income residents (120% of AMI). The
affected population includes a significant Latino community, though
the grant does not exclusively focus on this population.
Statewide or
Targeted:
Lake County
Urban, Rural or Both: Rural
Measures of Success:
Proposed System or
Policy Change:
Identify a set of policy interventions and update local code, pass
policy interventions at the local level, conduct assessment to better
support community members’ access to affordable housing, and
pilot a system of supports for families to ensure they can access
affordable housing once it’s built.
Anticipated Activities and Outcomes:
Year 1:
Develop trainings to build understanding about affordable housing policy
interventions.
Communicate possible policy interventions to a broader stakeholder group that
includes planning commissions, elected officials, housing coalition, etc.
Develop policy recommendations for the City of Leadville and Lake County to
preserve, protect and expand affordable housing.
Meet with community agencies to design a system of supports to help community
members access affordable housing by identifying existing barriers to
homeownership or renting and then preparing classes or counseling to address those
barriers.
Year 2:
Frame the issue and shape a campaign that will provide support for the passage of
proposed code changes.
Outcomes:
Develop policy changes at the City and County to promote affordable housing.
Develop a system of supports for community members to help them access housing.
Financial Overview:
Project Duration: July 1, 2019 - June 30, 2021
Recommended Up-to Funding Approval for 2-year Grant: $400,000
14 Minkler, M. (2010). Community Organizing and Community Building for Health and Welfare. New Brunswick,
NJ: Rutgers University Press.
15 Minkler, M. (2010). Community Organizing and Community Building for Health and Welfare. New Brunswick,
NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 17
Grantee: United for a New Economy-GES Coalition
Project Title: Globeville Elyria Swansea Equitable Development Plan & Community
Ownership and Stewardship
Upstream
Determinant of
Health to Address:
Housing
Land-use Planning
Project Summary: Through implementing an “Equitable Development Plan” and a
Globeville, Elyria-Swansea (GES) “Community Land Trust,” we will
prevent displacement of GES neighbors and build out an equitable
community vision where housing is de-commodified to make health
and stability the outcome. Community-wide health and organizing
efforts will promote healthy community-led actions and stability.
How project
addresses CCPD
Housing instability and related financial pressure is associated with
stress and anxiety. “Chronic stress is associated with serious health
conditions including asthma, arthritis and allergies, as well as other
short and long-term physical and mental health problems. As the
process of gentrification causes property values to increase and
demand for housing to accelerate, rising housing costs place a
disproportionate burden on lower income residents with limited
household budgets. This leaves individuals and families struggling to
afford housing at the expense of their health. Spending more to
afford housing leaves fewer resources for basic health-promoting
necessities such as food, healthcare, transportation, education or
childcare.”16
The applicant stated that in 2014, the City and County of Denver’s
Department of Environmental Health conducted a Health Impact
Analysis for Globeville Elyria Swansea (GES) neighborhoods. This
report noted distinct health challenges facing the GES
neighborhoods including a legacy of soil and water contamination
marked by two EPA Superfund sites, periodic noticeable spikes in
poor air quality, odor pollution, noise levels sometimes exceeding
recommended federal thresholds, a scarcity of green infrastructure
and trees, physical barriers limiting the mobility and physical
activity of residents, poor transit infrastructure, pedestrian hazards
like heavy freight trucks and railways, and higher than expected
cancer cases for several types of cancer.17
In addition to the presence of a number of environmental hazards
impacting health, the community has long suffered from missing
infrastructure for healthy living: “The residents, the majority of
whom are Hispanic families with young children, suffer from some
of the highest rates of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity,
and asthma in the City. These chronic diseases are associated with
poor diet and lack of exercise, among other factors, which are
shaped by a deficient pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure and a
16 The California Endowment; “Power, Place, and Public Health,” June 2017.
17 City of Denver Environmental Health; “How Neighborhood Planning Affects Health i n Globeville and Elyria
Swansea,” September 2014
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 18
lack of sources for healthy and affordable food. Opportunities for
outdoor physical activity are also limited in the neighborhoods due
to disconnected streets and sidewalks, lack of nearby goods and
services, and concerns about crime and safety.18 For residents of
GES, the built environment poses one of the greatest threats to
their wellbeing both in its environmental hazards and in its missing
infrastructure. Now that those infrastructure and environment
improvements are started in GES; displacement of long term
residents now persist as the most urgent threat to families health.
Plans to develop the neighborhood now threaten further health
impacts as 9 out of 10 families are at risk of displacement,19 adding
to their stress and eroding access to essential support networks.
Substantial scientific evidence gained in the past decade has shown
that the built environment can have profound effects on physical
and mental health outcomes—particularly in adding to the burden of
chronic cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, as well as diabetes,
in low income and families of color.20 The built environment
includes things such as the quality of the air we breathe, whether
we can choose to exercise outside and whether we have stable and
safe housing.
Research from Alameda County Public Health show that
development that does not embrace “development without
displacement” causes “displacement of poverty”, rather than
improving living conditions and health-outcomes of our
neighborhood's most-vulnerable and housing insecure families.21
Public testimony on involuntary displacement, made by organized
neighbors in GES, has shown that individual, family, and
community-level health face a wide range of negative effects,
including emotional and financial distress, loss of community
services and institutions, and increase in overcrowded and
substandard housing conditions. Reports from families who have
been displaced show that they suffer major stress, high relocation
costs, decreased disposable income, disruptions to employment and
health care, fragmentation of community support networks
including substantial loss of social capital, and direct impacts on
mental and psychological well-being. Involuntary displacement has
been shown to harm all of us--families, neighborhoods, cities and
societies as a whole-- by exacerbating segregation, increasing social
and health inequities, destroying social capital, and contributing to
rates of chronic and infectious diseases. For children, involuntary
18 City of Denver Environmental Health; “How Neighborhood Planning Affects Health in Globeville and Elyria
Swansea,” September 2014
19 FRESC: Good Job, Strong Communities; Globeville Elyria-Swansea Coalition: Organizing for Health and
Housing Justice; “Globeville Elyria-Swansea: The Peoples’ Survey, A Story of Displacement,” July 2017.
20 Environmental Health Perspectives; “Dwelling Disparities: How Poor Housing Leads to Poor Health,” May 2005
(Hood, Ernie).
21 Causa Justa::Just Cause and Alameda County Public Health; “Development without Displacement, Resisting
Gentrification in the Bay Area.”
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 19
displacement destabilizes their social networks and routines, and
has been directly linked to declining school performance.
This project will use community-organizing techniques to build
strong coalitions and partnerships to help community residents
advocate for changes in housing policy that will decrease barriers to
accessing affordable, high quality, stable and safe housing.
Community organizing is an evidence-based approach that uses
various techniques—such as empowerment & coalition building—to
increase the capacity of community residents to advocate for and
promote the interests of their community. The concepts of
empowerment and community participation are considered the
“twin pillars” of health promotion and well-being.22 The World
Health Organization defines health promotion as “a process enabling
people to increase control over and to improve their health.”
Evidence also shows that the use of organizing approaches—
including coalition building and the creation of effective
partnerships—increases individual empowerment and social support
and promotes health and well-being, in turn enhancing the
prevention of chronic cardiovascular disease and diabetes.23
Intended Population: Neighbors being displaced by lack of protections in a quickly
“developing” neighborhood that is pricing out long term residents
who are mostly Latinx families.
Statewide or
Targeted:
The Globeville Elyria and Swansea neighborhoods in North Denver,
with some support/sharing to/with surrounding and similar
neighborhoods in Denver and Adams County.
Urban, Rural or Both: Urban
Measures of Success:
Proposed System or
Policy Change:
Prevent displacement through a community land trust and equitable
development plan. The project is entirely resident led.
Anticipated Activities and Outcomes:
Year 1:
Create the Equitable Development Plan which will be the primary planning activity
to both guide the community land trust in its future efforts and hopefully guide
other/current development in the areas. The Plan would contain both land-use and
policy recommendations to address equity and look at the issues of displacement
and health in the neighborhood through a racial and economic lens. The plan will
map data around housing (affordable units being developed, government and
commercial land, land used for small business) and also include policy
recommendations that will be turned into an action plan.
Launch the GES-Community Land Trust by developing its community board,
membership structure and ensuring that the homes are repaired or developed in
health and energy efficient ways.
22 Minkler, M. (2010). Community Organizing and Community Building for Health and Welfare. New Brunswick,
NJ: Rutgers University Press.
23 Minkler, M. (2010). Community Organizing and Community Building for Health and Welfare. New Brunswick,
NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 20
Advocate and organize around the needed policy changes to prevent displacement
and shift cycles of poverty.
Year 2:
Implement the Equitable Development Plan through the GES-Community Land Trust
to include the development of Community Benefits Agreements that align with
health and housing goals of the Plan.
Provide technical assistance for the fiscal independence of the GES-Community Land
Trust.
Outcomes:
Increase in number of families that are able to stay in the neighborhood in healthy
and stable home situations.
Improvement of housing and health conditions.
Implementation of anti-displacement policy measures.
Financial Overview:
Project Duration: July 1, 2019 - June 30, 2021
Recommended Up-to Funding Approval for 2-year Grant: $489,998
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 21
Appendix A
FY 2019-2021 Health Disparities Grant Program Projects
Grantee Project Title Total Up-to
Funding
Aurora Comprehensive
Community Mental Health
Center Aurora Together $749,442
The Civic Canopy East5ide Unified/Unido $632,761
Colorado Coalition for the
Homeless Statewide Affordable Housing Policy $550,628
The Family Center/La
Familia
Vida Sana and the First 1000 Days: Addressing Toxic
Community Stress and Housing Instability in Families
with Young Children—A Two Generation Approach $745,870
Growing Home Collaborative for Healthy Adams County Families $749,221
Lake County Public Health
Agency Resilient Lake County $750,000
Pueblo City-County Health
Department Built Environment Action-Superfund Neighborhoods $613,761
San Juan Basin Public
Health Equity in Emergency Preparedness (EEP) $692,276
Sisters of Color United for
Education Promoting Balanced Health in Sheridan $723,125
$6,207,084
Amendment 35 Grant Programs Health Disparities Grant Program
Board of Health Funding Recommendation March 2019 Page 22
-1-
ORDINANCE NO. 028, 2021
OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS
MAKING SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS
FOR YEAR 2 OF THE HOME2HEALTH PROJECT
WHEREAS, in 2019 the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
(“CDPHE”) awarded the City a grant through its Health Disparities Grant Program (the “Grant”)
to reimburse the City’s costs to update City codes, policies and regulations affecting the quality
and quantity of affordable housing in the community (the “Project”); and
WHEREAS, the Project focuses on health inequity with the goal of helping residents who
may not be able to afford safe, stable, high quality housing and, as a result, are more likely to
have health issues; and
WHEREAS, the total amount of the Grant is up to $795,657 over two years (2019-2020
and 2020-2021); and
WHEREAS, the City Council appropriated $397,828 in funds for the first year of the
Grant through approval of Ordinance No. 090, 2019; and
WHEREAS, if approved, this Ordinance will appropriate funds for the second year of th e
Grant in the amount of $363,513; and
WHEREAS, the Grant does not require the City to provide matching funds; and
WHEREAS, the City sub-granted a portion of the Project funding to several outside
organizations or entities that have been collaborating with the City on the Project, including
Larimer County, the Family Center/La Familia, the Family Leadership Training Institute and
Colorado State University; and
WHEREAS, the City Manager entered into a grant agreement with CDPHE and sub-
grant agreements with each entity receiving funds from the City for the Project; and
WHEREAS, this appropriation benefits public health, safety and welfare of the citizens
of Fort Collins and serves the public purpose of improving access to safe, stable, affordable
housing; and
WHEREAS, Article V, Section 9 of the City Charter permits the City Council, upon
recommendation of the City Manager, to make supplemental appropriations by ordinance at any
time during the fiscal year, provided that the total amount of such supple mental appropriations,
in combination with all previous appropriations for that fiscal year, does not exceed the current
estimate of actual and anticipated revenues to be received during the fiscal year; and
WHEREAS, the City Manager has recommended the appropriation described herein and
determined that this appropriation is available and previously unappropriated from the General
Fund and will not cause the total amount appropriated in the General Fund to exceed the current
estimate of actual and anticipated revenues to be received in that fund during this fiscal year.
-2-
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FORT
COLLINS as follows:
Section 1. That the City Council hereby makes and adopts the determinations and
findings contained in the recitals set forth above.
Section 2. That there is hereby appropriated from unanticipated grant revenue in the
General Fund the sum of THREE HUNDRED SIXTY-THREE THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED
THIRTEEN DOLLARS ($363,513) for expenditure from the General Fund for year 2 of the
Home2Health project.
Introduced, considered favorably on first reading, and ordered published this 16th day of
February, A.D. 2021, and to be presented for final passage on the 2nd day of March, A.D. 2021.
__________________________________
Mayor
ATTEST:
_______________________________
City Clerk
Passed and adopted on final reading on the 2nd day of March, A.D. 2021.
__________________________________
Mayor
ATTEST:
_______________________________
City Clerk