HomeMy WebLinkAboutGolf Board - Minutes - 02/15/1995CITY OF FORT COLLINS
CULTURAL, LIBRARY, AND RECREATIONAL SERVICES
GOLF BOARD
CITY COUNCIL LIAISON TO THE BOARD: Councilman Bob McCluskey, Jr.
STAFF SUPPORT TO THE BOARD: Jerry P. Brown, Assistant to the
Director/CLRS; and Alyce Nierman, Golf Division Secretary.
MINUTES: Regular Meeting of February 15, 1995
The meeting was called to order at the Collindale Golf Course
Clubhouse by Board President Henry Fry at 7:00 p.m. Golf Board
members introduced themselves to the approximate 50 citizens
present.
AGENDA REVIEW: There were no changes to the printed agenda.
APPROVAL OF MINUTES
Cindy Roper requested that on page 3 the first sentence stating her
comments on junior golf be removed from the minutes as she does not
recall making a statement to that effect. Further, on page 8 of
the minutes Mindy Markley was the Board member who agreed to serve
with Henry Fry on the committee to look at the future of golf in
Fort Collins. It was moved by Tom White and seconded by Tom
DeGrand that the Golf Board minutes of the January 18, 1995,
meeting be approved as amended. The motion passed unanimously
(9:0)
CITIZEN PARTICIPATION: Ron Bruce requested some time during this
portion of the agenda to request assistance in persuading Columbine
Cable to offer the Golf Channel. To show Columbine that there is
an interest from the local community they would need to have a
petition signed by 2,000 people. The channel would be available
for $7.00 per month. It was explained to Mr. Bruce that his
petitions could be placed at the three municipal courses. However,
City staff could not monitor these petitions. Mr. Bruce stated
that he would be responsible for collecting signatures. Mary Hodge
asked if these petitions would be placed at other golf course pro
shops around Fort Collins, and Mr. Bruce responded that he will be
contacting the other courses for placement of these petitions.
PRESENTATION BY LOUIS SCHARF PROTESTING GOLF ANNUAL PASS FEES AND
REQUESTING A NEW FEE STRUCTURE
INTRODUCTION/GROUNDING:
Jerry P. Brown, Manager of Golf, introduced himself and said Mr.
Louis Scharf would be making a presentation to the Golf Board. The
Golf Board can choose to change the format by vote. The City
Council uses an appeal process which we are trying to modify for
Golf Board Minutes
February 15, 1995
Page 2
our needs. First the Golf Board acts in an advisory capacity. The
budget process is defined by the City Manager, with the culmination
of this process being a presentation to City Council in the fall.
The 1995 fees process began last spring. A subcommittee of the
Golf Board met through the summer and made a with presentation to
the Board in September. The first public presentation was in
September and the second public presentation was heard by the Golf
Board in October. At that time, the Golf Board voted on their
recommendation to City Council. The Council's vote occurred on
November 1. Since that time several letters and correspondence
have been received regarding the 1995 fees. After tonight's
presentation, if the Golf Board recommends changes to the 1995 fee
structure, approval of any changes must be made by City Council.
PRESENTATION BY LOUIS SCHARF:
Mr. Scharf thanked everyone in attendance tonight for coming to
hear his presentation. He said he feels there is resistance from
Golf Board members and Jerry P. Brown, but is asking to be heard
out. SECRETARY'S NOTE: Attached to these minutes is a printed copy
of the statistics and verbage used by Mr. Scharf during the
presentation. Mr. Scharf closed his presentation with an appeal to
the Golf Board to freeze annual pass fees and pass per play fees at
the 1994 level.
PRESENTATION/RESPONSE BY HENRY FRY:
Golf Board President Henry Fry had previously distributed
information regarding his position and did not review the full
report. People can review that information at their leisure. Mr.
Fry stated that he has been involved with the Golf Board over the
past eight years. The first few years was as an interested golfer
attending Board meetings. The process used to develop fees and
comparisons have been the same from year to year. During that
eight year period he has not heard Mr. Scharf complain about the
use of the figures. There were a lot of numbers shown tonight, but
it comes down to the individual golfer making an analysis if an
annual pass would be a good buy. when the fee structure committee
started meeting, in comparing revenue vs expenses, we needed to
come up with $106,000 additional revenue.
We've looked at the numbers in a consistent way over the past eight
years in fees and how they relate from one year to next. The Board
has been asked to make changes, but doesn't see any suggestions of
what should be done. We have been told in the past that the
discounts we offer may be too great.
QUESTIONS BY BOARD MEMBERS:
Golf Board Minutes
February 15, 1995
Page 3
Mindy Markley asked Mr. Scharf if he has looked at the dollar
amounts people are saving? Mr. Scharf stated that we are getting
affordable play for seniors and juniors. Cindy stated that Jerry
may have a system that people disagree with, but the point is still
that budgeting and golf in Fort Collins is great and we have a
great program. Further, any changes recommended does not mean that
Jerry is wrong or that Mr. Scharf is right.
Mary Hodge asked Jerry if the fees were frozen at the 1994 level is
there an estimate how this will affect our over all financial
picture. Jerry had not figured this out, but would guess around
$35,000. Mr. Scharf made a very valid point noting the decrease in
annual pass purchases. Armon Johannsen observed that at the time
1995 fees were set, 1994 year end balances were not available.
Jerry confirmed that we were using actual 1993 figures with 1994
projections. The numbers Henry used in his presentation were exact
numbers. The final figures for 1994 show an excess in the
projected revenues of $57,000 and a savings of $35,000 in the
projected expenditures. This will take the Golf Fund into 1995
with approximately $100,000 in reserves.
Mindy commented that she didn't get an answer to her questions
regarding the actual dollar amounts, not percentages, being
referred to for increases. Being a pass holder is a choice, and
each golfer needs to make their choice based on financial issues
and convenience. Tom White commented that Mr. Scharf is asking us
to freeze fees, but we're not getting any suggestions of ways to
come up with the additional dollars to run the golf courses. Mr.
Scharf saw tonight's presentation as a way to show that Jerry Brown
was presenting phony figures, and this data is so wrong an informed
decision cannot be made.
David Shands agreed that we finished 1994 pretty strong, and
started 1995 with a lot of play. The Golf Fund reserve is now
approximately $100,000, which puts the Fund back to where the Board
would like to be situated. Jerry noted that the Golf Fund received
a bonus coming out of 1994 with the weather holding out. David
stated that in addition City Council gave the Golf Fund $45,000 for
capital outlay. This amount could be eliminated if Council
chooses. David commented that when the fee structure committee met
and made their recommendations it was in July and August; and the
proposed increases were based on the financial situation at that
time.
Frank Blanco wondered if there is any way to get away from
submitting budget proposals in the fall? This would not be
possible as all city operations and departments submit their budget
proposals at that time as required by the City Manager in June, and
by City Code the City Manager must submit a budget by September 1.
Golf Board Minutes
February 15, 1995
Page 4
Jerry stated that the Golf Fund uses five year averages, as that
gives a good picture and takes into account possible weather
conditions. Mary Hodge asked how other area cities estimate their
golf revenues? Jerry stated that Loveland, Longmont, Boulder, and
Greeley develop their budgets in the same manner he has used in
Fort Collins. At national conventions where Jerry was in
attendance he has checked to see what other systems are being used.
Mr. Scharf's basic premise is correct. One thing Jerry learned at
national conventions is that a little more than half of those
attending are municipal courses. Private courses generally
exclusively record 18 hole rounds and 9 holes are recorded as half
rounds. The advent of 9 hole play is a newer phenomenon occurring
quite heavily along the front range of Colorado. In Fort Collins
we have seen more 9-hole play for a longer period of time with the
first course in town being City Park Nine.
Armon gave Mr. Scharf credit. However, he is unsure if the Board
can change back to 1994 fees as we are unsure how it would affect
the Golf Fund budget. From the start he did have a concern about
the 100% increase in the per play fee; it was the only part of the
recommended fee structure that seemed high at the time. Jerry said
it could impact the Golf Fund around $35,000. Tom DeGrand asked
for a show of hands from those present at tonight's meeting, who
are annual pass card holders (approximately 90% of those in
attendance).
Mike Powers gave a brief background on how the Recreation Fee
Policy came about and received approval from City Council. In a
market place decision there are three pieces to the equation: the
customer (social issue), the business and competition in the market
place (Jerry's balancing of the budget), and third piece is the
governing body. All of these voices need to be heard, and in
.balance. The Golf Fund is designated an Enterprise Fund by the
city and has to make a profit or break even. It was asked if City
Council perceives golf as a rich man's sport, and what is the
belief of the Golf Board? Henry added that the green fees players
are also getting an increase in fees. David Shands pointed out
that the Sales and Use Tax Fund is subsidizing $200,000 per year to
pay off the SouthRidge debt.
CITIZEN INPUT:
Ed Faillace stated that when he came this evening he didn't
understand the figures presented by anyone. One point brought up
that no one came back to is that Fort Collins is slowly but surely
losing pass holders. Add that to the statement that Jerry Brown is
against pass holders, he would like to hear Jerry's point of view
on annual passes.
Golf Board Minutes
February 15, 1995
Page 5
Jerry responded that on a professional level when he started in
1979 his charge was to keep the budget balanced. At that time we
were still receiving Federal Revenue Sharing funds; in 1982 those
funds dried up. City Council said golf had to be self-supporting.
In 1986, City Council raised the question why the Golf Fund is not
fully paying the SouthRidge debt. The people serving as Council
members in 1986 were different than the members sitting in 1981
when the deal for SouthRidge was set up. One idea Jerry looked at
was the elimination of annual passes and then review the number of
other discounts given. Personally Jerry viewed passes as a
financial drain to the rest of the system, and was pretty convinced
that annual passes were a subsidy and loser. In 1989, a comment'
was repeated that the green fee golfers were not upset about senior
pass play benefits as they were looking forward to receiving the
same benefits when they retire. Since then, he has accepted that
annual passes are a fact of life.
Ed Faillace said there is no doubt Mr. Scharf has a mathematical
background. Mr. Faillace suggested keeping the fees for 1995 the
same, but have Mr. Scharf explain his ideas in more detail and make
use of his talent. Try to keep confrontations down, and work
together. Ed Faillace further observed that if Mr. Scharf has a
system that could help us, we should take advantage of his
knowledge. Henry, who served on the fees sub -committee, wanted to
clarify the point that annual passes were seen as viable and should
be maintained. The Board was asked, when presented with the
argument to raise fees, if they ever heard 12.2% increase in fees?
Jerry stated that when we were discussing 5% and 10%, these figures
were for total operating revenue increases, not specific pass fee
increases. The 12.2% was a projection based upon 1993 data
projecting through to 1995. This same information was included in
the packets presented to City Council for their use. Dick Ward
made one last request; he would like the Board to revisit prime vs
non -prime time to consider week days as non -prime time and weekends
as prime time.
Louis Scharf relayed that in a meeting in Jerry Brown's office it
was stated by Mr. Brown that he has been chipping away at annual
passes for the last few years. City Council and the Golf Board
have stated their support of continued pass use, but he feels Jerry
Brown has his own agenda. Ed Faillace has a problem with Mr.
Scharf making that statement as he has known Jerry Brown for some
time and Mr. Brown is too smart a city employee to make such a
comment. We should not lose sight that there has been a lot of
good work done here tonight, and Louis Scharf has alerted us to a
different, possible way to look at how fees are developed in the
future.
Henry Cross stated that he resents any implication that Mr. Scharf
Golf Board Minutes
February 15, 1995
Page 6
is cooking books. Mr. Cross further stated that he has known Mr.
Scharf for many years and is a man of integrity. Jim Allen shared
a few thoughts. There are a number of courses in the area, and
pass holders are pretty much tied to the local courses; the Fort
Collins courses need to be compared to other golf courses in the
area. Harold Asmus stated that seniors who play five days per week
will be paying $800 more with a pass to play golf in Fort Collins.
Dick Ward asked Henry Fry to justify the figures he presented.
Henry referred to the information distributed that includes the
figures he used.
David Shands feels we have lost focus on tonight's discussion. He
views the issue boiling down to how much it takes to have a quality
golf experience at our city courses. Dick Ward stated that many
pass holders are undecided on whether to purchase their pass until
after a decision is reached by the Golf Board and City Council on
tonight's presentation.
BOARD MEMBER COMMENTS AND VOTES:
Frank Blanco began by asking if there are options the Board can be
considering tonight? Henry stated the Board has a couple of
options. We can decide to do nothing and retain the 1995 fees
approved by City Council; the Board can choose to stay with the
fees for 1995 but begin a review process of the fee structure and
how fees are recommended for use in developing the recommendations
for 1996 fees; or the Board could choose to pull the cord and
review this situation now and make a recommendation for changes.
Frank speculated that maybe something could be negotiated. Henry
stated that if the Board decides to change the approved 1995 fees,
we will need to make a recommendation to Council. However, Henry
personally thinks it's a little late to be messing around with 1995
fees. He further wishes there was more citizen participation at an
earlier date, during discussions on the fee structure. The Golf
Board agendas are public information and meetings are held at pre-
determined places. It is appalling that we need to get to this
point before getting this plethora of information. Henry summed up
that he feels quite strongly that we should live with what we have
established for 1995 and start reviewing how these fees will be
established for 1996.
Armon Johannsen asked how much time does the Board have? Jerry
stated that to achieve discussion at the March 7 Council meeting,
we need to have our recommendations tonight for the review process
one week from now. One option is to schedule another meeting
before the next Board meeting. Implementation of the 1995 per play
fee has already been postponed to March 1 to coincide with the pass
renewal dates. We could extend a freeze for an additional month.
0
1]
Golf Board Minutes
February 15, 1995
Page 7
Staff would like to have a recommendation from the Golf Board
tonight. If unable to make a decision, it is recommended that
another meeting be scheduled for March 1. Armon felt when 1995
fees were originally discussed a 100% increase of per play fees for
annual pass card holders was too high.
Henry Fry moved that the Golf Board recommend leaving the approved
1995 fees as is. He further moved that the Board seek suggestions
and solutions to more equitably determine fees for the 1996 season.
The motion was seconded by Tom White. In discussing the motion it
was suggested that Mr. Scharf participate in these dialogues.
David Shands feels there has been enough information brought
forward that the Board should reconsider; however the information
presented needs to be digested. David Shands further feels the
Board cannot recommend rolling back fees to the 1994 level until we
know how that will affect the 1995 budget. It was asked if Mr.
Scharf agrees to that? Henry clarified that was not part of the
motion, but agrees that full participation by everyone concerned
would afford the best solutions. Frank Blanco thinks that the
Board is creating the impression we are against seniors and season
pass holders.
As there was no further Board discussion on the motion, Henry Fry
called for a vote. Mary Hodge declared that she would abstain from
voting on this issue due to a perceived conflict of interest.
Those in favor of the motion were Tom Degrand, Tom White, Cindy
Roper, Henry Fry; those opposed were David Shands, Frank Blanco,
Armon Johannsen, Mindy Markley. The vote was 4 in favor - 4
against. The motion failed.
Another motion was then made by Armon Johannsen that in light of
the 1994 year-end balance and taking into consideration Mr.
Scharf's comments, that the Golf Board should revisit the pay per
play fees and costs for 1995 year. Further that another meeting
would be scheduled to consider and discuss this topic. David
Shands seconded the motion. The Board began discussion of the
motion. Cindy Roper commented that a lot of work went into the
decision made by the Golf Board, and she is a little resentful of
some of the comments made this evening. In addition, Board members
are not receiving the same respect that most people attending
tonight are asking the Board afford them. The Board is trying to
make everything equitable.
Henry's personal opinion is the numbers would not be different at
a later date and putting off this discussion is just a delay.
Mindy asked that it be clarified that the base fees for annual
passes were not raised; only the per play fee was raised. Dick
Ward asked if area golf courses were raising their fees. It was
responded that fees are being raised in some other communities
Golf Board Minutes
February 15, 1995
Page 8
also, however, they are also losing pass purchasers. Henry observed
that the same number of pass rounds were played in 1994, but there
were less annual passes purchased.
Tom DeGrand recognized that a number of people here tonight have
been in previous discussions. At the Board meeting in September,
95% of the people in attendance were seniors. At these meetings
everybody has recognized the fact that we have bottom line. The
senior golfers state they know the Golf Fund needs more money, but
don't raise our fees. The junior golfers state they know the Golf
Fund needs more money, but don't raise our fees. Here we are in
February and golfers are still saying they understand we need to
raise the fees, but don't raise ours. However, he does agree with
Armon's suggestions to revisit this topic of discussion. Tom then
asked for a clarification of the motion; is it to review the total
fee structure for 1995 or just the fees relating to annual passes?
Armon clarified the discussions would be open to discuss total
golfing fees; pass fees and green fees.
A vote was called for on the motion on the floor. Four Board
members voted in favor of the motion (Tom DeGrand, David Shands,
Frank Blanco, Armon Johannsen); four Board members voted against
the motion (Cindy Roper, Tom White, Henry Fry, Mindy Markley). The
motion failed to pass (4:4).
Mr. Scharf suggested a way to raise the number of pass holders and
keep the fees fixed would be to wipe out the distinction between
prime and non -prime time. Tom White commented that the Fee
Structure sub -committee and the Board spent many hours discussing
prime and non -prime time fees and determined the distinction was of
value. Henry stated there had been two motions and two deadlocked
votes. If there are additional motions from any Golf Board member,
it was suggested they be made at this time. No additional motions
were made at this time.
REVIEW OF REVISED GOLF BOARD BYLAWS
Due to the lateness of the hour it was agreed that the Board delay
discussion of this item to a later meeting.
REQUEST TO CHANGE THE MARCH MEETING DATE
The next regularly scheduled Golf Board meeting is March 15. This
date falls during spring break and conflicts will keep many Board
members from attending this meeting. After discussion of dates
that would be acceptable to the Board it was the consensus that the
March 15 Golf Board meeting would be rescheduled to Wednesday,
March 1.
Golf Board Minutes
February 15, 1995
Page 9
OTHER BUSINESS
-- Doug Evans, Golf Superintendent/Collindale, reported on the
pump station project. The low bid received for the pumps was
$49,000. This is a reputable company that has installed a
couple of systems for the Parks Division. Doug will be meeting
with a couple of people for discussion on whether the bid meets
the specifications stated as some alternatives were bid and
they need to match up with what is required. It was hoped that
the pump station would be installed and operational by the end
of March. This would be pushing any vendor, but they will do
their best. Pump stations have to be custom made for each
installation. Doug feels the date we will be operational will
be closer to the end of April.
In addition to the pump, a wet well will be installed on the
bank of the south side of the lake. The other portion of the
project is the installation of a main line running from the
north lake to the south lake. The City contractor (Wright
Plumbing) will be working on that project. A bid has been put
out for the materials. The old system will be operational
until the new pump is on line. Doug reported that we will be
real close to the budgeted amount. The pump station itself
will be around $50,000, and the cost for the water line will
run around $20,000.
-- Tom White asked about the granite tee markers? Jerry stated
these are similar to those at Indian Peaks Golf Course. We
have requested bids for 45 or more tee markers, with each
having the layout of the hole, par for the hole, etc. Part of
the bid package is revenue sharing where the bidder can solicit
advertising for the tee markers. This should involve no cost
to the Golf Fund and we could get a percentage on an annual
basis.
-- Mary commented that the Board decided that because we did have
a lot of input from community, that we set up early sessions to
begin discussion of fees and charges for 1996. The voting
tonight solidifies that we need to take a close look at our
current fee structure. Jerry stated we would probably hold
some public outreach meetings starting in June. Mary
acknowledged that Mr. Scharf's material was very plausible in
some ways. The Board should take some time to review these
issues. As Board members, we are trying to do the best we can
in reviewing the issues, developing policies that are the most
equitable to golfers. She hates to have people misconstrue
what the Board says and does.
Golf Board Minutes
February 15, 1995
Page 10
-- Frank Blanco asked if Mr. Scharf would put together a package
showing the effect to revenues if prime time was eliminated.
Henry requested that any information on fees be presented for
discussion at future Golf Board meetings.
-- Mindy Markley appreciates Mr. Scharf Is efforts. She has served
on the Golf Board since July of this year and has been given a
tremendous amount of data to review. It is quite obvious to
her that previous Golf Board members and Jerry Brown have done
a tremendous job in the past, and they have made these courses
very workable and in budget. Further, the information she
received convinces her that Jerry knows what he is doing. She
views tonight not as a question of what was presented in
preparing our budgets, but that things have changed and we
should take other things into consideration when preparing
future budgets.
Dick Ward stated that the initial information he saw did not
cause an interest or concern where he felt a need to attend
previous Board meetings. However, he feels the approved
increases for pass holders are very inequitable.
-- Henry has been involved with the Golf Board for a long time.
He became a Board member to make golf in Fort Collins as good
as possible. The volunteer people serving on the Golf Board
are trying to work to make Fort Collins' golf better.
-- Joe Nance stated that tonight the Golf Board needed to make a
decision. They were unable to do so because one of the board
members had a perceived conflict of interest. It is ridiculous
that someone appointed to serve on a board is excluded from a
vote, rather than showing faith that the appointee will be
straight forward and honest in their vote. Joe firmly believes
that City Council should review that portion in the policy
regarding appointments.
ADJOURNMENT
Tom White moved that the meeting be adjourned and Tom DeGrand
seconded the motion. Motion Approved (9:0) and the meeting
adjourned at 10:10 p.m.
Respectfully submitted,
Alyce Nierman, Secretary III
Golf Division
ATTACHMENT:
Golf Board Minutes
February 15, 1995
Page 11
Meeting Attendance
izt�wf DI M1 _ i
Henry Fry
Frank Blanco
Tom DeGrand
Mary Hodge
Armon Johannsen
Mindy Markley
Cindy Roper
David Shands
Tom White
Jerry P. Brown
Mike Powers
Randy Bonneville
Derek Cordova
Jim Greer
Joe Nance
Alyce Nierman
Suzanne Nance
Dan Bruntz
Doug Evans
Stacy Neal
GUESTS (NOTE• Some guests did not sign the attendance sheet.)
Jim Allen
Jack Mercer
Ray Anderson
Gary R. Miller
Harold Asmus
Dennis Nicks
Steve Boettcher
Cam Osler
Robert Brose
Bud Purath
Ron Bruce
Harvey R. Riley
Bob Bures
Mike Sawyer
Buzz Bussell
Carol Scharf
Rick Chavez
Louis Scharf
Mark Crabtree
Reuben Schneider
Henry & Mrs. Cross
Harold Syas
Frank "Doc" Dille
Roger Vanderslice
Sean Duff
Dick Ward
Ed Faillace
Glen Weaver
Larry Giltz
Hugh Winn
Shane Houska
Erhart Wolfe
Mark Jackson
Doug Wyffels
J. D. Manning
Cas Zajac
Evan Meloney
An Analysis of Annual Pass Fees in Ft. Collins, CO
(Subtitle: Why a Passholder Sees Red Over Higher Greens
Fees ...with apologies to the Coloradoan. )
Presentation to Golf Board
Wednesday, February 15, 1995
Louis Scharf
1. Introduction
2. Criticisms of the Data and Its Analysis
3. Analysis of Patterns of Play
4. Conclusions and Recommendations
5. Appendix: Numbers and Curves
2. Criticisms of the Data and Its Analysis
2.1 Existing numbers do not have enough resolution
to be useful for policymaking. That is, we do not
know what type of golfer (Single, Sr., etc.) is
playing what kind of round (9 or 18, prime or
nonprime)
2.1 9-hole rounds and 18-hole rounds are analyzed
equally in an analysis that badly underestimates
the cost per round.
2.2 Singles ($400), Seniors ($300), Juniors ($200),
Children ($100) are analyzed equally in a global
analysis that averages out what we would like to
know, namely who is paying what.
2.3 Stationary 5 year averages are used to predict
future membership numbers during a
nonstationary 5 year period over which per play
fees have been increased 40% and may increase
1000/6. These predictions failed to predict a drop of
122 members in 1994, and they will likely fail to
predict a drop in 1995.
2.4 Many of Mr. Brown's averages are wrong. Almost
all are misleading. Some are so misleading that
they cannot possibly describe any of the annual
pass golfers we have in Ft. Collins.
2.5 The publicly stated increase of 12.2% that would
accrue to the proposed fee increase is wrong.
(Note: I do not say the books are cooked. I say the
numbers are cooked.)
Let's defend this criticism.
0 9
Assumptions:
I have used raw data on revenues, 9 hole rounds, 18
hole rounds, etc. from Collindale and City Park Nine. This
data was given to me by Mr. Brown. See the Appendix. I
have taken Mr. Brown's calculation of average per play fees
at face value, because I have no way of independently
computing it. I have computed my own average rounds
and average per play costs, because his computations are
incorrect. The numbers I use are
$1.40 per play fee
(Mr.
Brown's
number)
46 rounds
(Mr.
Scharf s
number)
$7.60 per round
(Mr.
Scharfs
number)
There is no need to quibble over these values, because
many of the points to be made are only weakly dependent
on the exact values. But already you get the uncomfortable
feeling that the 12.2% increase that has been claimed
might not be correct. That is, if the per play fee is doubled
to $2.80, then the per round fee becomes $9.00 and
$9.00/$7.60 = 1.184, or 18.496. This number matches
almost exactly the number I have computed by analyzing
patterns of play. More on this later.
Equations:
We shall need only one equation for most of our analysis:
(AP + PPF x NR)/NR = CPR
AP: cost of annual pass
PPF: per play fee
NR. number of rounds
CPR: cost per round
This equation connects annual pass membership, per
play fee, number of rounds, and cost per round.
The Question of Rounds: From Mr. Brown's Statistics
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 ... 9 9 46 9 hole rounds
18 18 18 ... 18 18 15 18 hole rounds
Mr. Brown: 61 9-hole rounds or 61 18-hole rounds. "The
issue of the analysis of rounds of golf as only 18 hole
rounds, or 9 hole rounds being treated as one-half rounds,
is really immaterial in this discussion," Jan 18, 1995, Mr.
Brown writing as Ms. Azari.
Mr. Scharf. 76 9-hole rounds or 38 18-hole rounds.
d d d d d d d ... d d 46 half notes
0 0 0 ...0 0 15 whole notes
Mr. Brown's Logic: 61 half -notes or 61 whole -notes;
measures in a musical score would have variable counts.
Mr. Scharf: 76 half -notes or 38 whole -notes; measures in
a musical score would have constant counts.
0000000...00 46 nickles
00000...00 15 dimes
Mr. Brown's Logic: 61 nickles or 61 dimes
: $3.05 or $6.10; ambiguous and incorrect
Mr. Scharf- 76 nickles or 38 dimes
: $3.80 or $3.80; unambiguous and correct
Consequences of the Question of Rounds
Mr. Brown: "Currently the average annual pass holder
pays only $5.20 per round, ... ," Jan. 3, 1995, Mr. Brown
writing as Ms. Azari.
Mr. Scharf: I cannot reproduce Mr. Brown's number,
even using his misunderstanding of nickles and dimes. But
if we take his numbers at face value, the correct answer is
$ 8.3 5 per round.
Mr. Brown: 69% of annual pass revenues are generated
from Collindale and 31% are generated from City Park Nine.
Mr. Scharf. This estimate is based on the number of visits,
not corrected for the 9-hole and 18-hole problem. It is
incorrect. If you simply correct for the 9-hole and 18-hole
problem you get 76% and 249/6, but you would have to have
a more sophisticated analysis to get the correct answer.
Let's say it another way: If Mr. Brown were a butcher, he
would calculate the price per pound of meat by adding up
the money in his cash register and dividing by the number
of receipts. I would calculate it by adding up the money in
the cash register and dividing by the pounds of meat sold.
Item
194 Sng
275 Srs
106 Jrs
Chd
The Question of Fixed and Variable Costs
Fixed Fee Per Play Rnds
$400
$1.60
$300
$1.40
$200
$1.20
$100
$1.00
Mr. Brown: From the total revenue generated, and the
total number of rounds, compute the average passholder
cost per round, independently of whether the passholder is
single or senior or junior.
Mr. Scharf. Tell me how many rounds, of what type, are
played by each class of golfer, and I will tell you the per play
costs for that class. If you don't know these numbers I will
use exact formulas to estimate them based on patterns of
play.
Item Capital Operating Miles
194 757s
275 747s
106 727s
737s
$400 M
$1.6 M per 100 K mi
$300 M
$1.4 M per 100 K mi
$200 M
$1.2 M per 100 K mi
$100 M
$1.0 M per 100 K mi
Mr. Brown: Divide total capital cost plus total in -air cost by
total number of miles flown to compute cost per mile to keep
a plane in the air. Doesn't matter whether the plane is a
757 or a 737.
Mr. Scharf. You tell me how many miles each class of
aircraft flies and I will tell you what the per mile costs are
for that class of aircraft.
0 •
Consequences of the Question of Fixed and Variable
Costs
Mr. Brown: "Currently the average annual pass holder
pays only $5.20 per round,...," Jan. 3, 1995, Mr. Brown
writing as Ms. Azari. Note: The corrected value is $7.60 (my
number) or $8.34 (Mr. Brown's number, corrected.)
Mr. Scharf. Singles are paying about $10.29 per round
at the global average of 46 rounds per year. Senior golfers
are paying about $7.92 per round at the global average of
46 rounds per year. Junior golfers are paying about
$5.74 per round at the global average of 46 rounds. With
the proposed per play increases, these numbers go to
$11.8% $9.32, and $7.14, with respective percentage
increases of 15%, 17%, and 24%.
Let's say it another way: If Mr. Brown were a butcher, he
would incorrectly calculate his per pound costs, as
illustrated previously, and then he would ignore the fact
that some of the meat he sold is hamburger, some is flank,
some is T-bone, and some is sirloin. I would separate my
receipts and compute per pound costs for each type of meat.
Further Illustrations and Criticisms
To further illustrate how misleading Mr. Brown's global
statistics are, let's apply them to our various golfers (Sr., Jr.,
etc.). Let's assume the per round cost of $ 7.60 and the
average number of rounds of 46 describe each type of
golfer and ask the question,
"what per play fees would each type of golfer
have to pay to have average per round costs
and average rounds?" Answer:
Sng ($400) -$1.09
Sr ($300) $1.06
Junior ($200) $3.20
Child ($100) $5.42
This is uncomfortable: None of the answers is $1.40...
and the city would have to pay the single golfer $1.09
each time he teed it up ... not collect $1.00 to $2.00. It would
have to ask the child golfer to pay $3.42 more than his
parents think the primetime rate is! What is going on
here? Well, consider a biologist who counts all of the bird
legs in the world and divides by the number of birds to find
that the average bird has 2 legs. This is a good statistic
because every bird in the world shares a common
characteristic, namely 2 legs. But suppose the biologist adds
up all of the beak lengths in the world and divides by the
number of birds to find that the average bird has a 1.75"
beak. This number badly overestimates the beak length of
hummingbirds and badly underestimates the beak length of
pelicans. Mr. Brown can count our legs and divide by the
number of us to find that we have 2 legs, but he cannot
count our dollars and divide by the number of us to get
average costs. He has the same problem as the biologist: our
variable costs are the birds' variable beaks. Maybe we
should analyze some typical playing patterns to try
to understand what is really going on.
3. Analysis of Patterns of Play
3.1 The Methodolgy
3.2 Mr. Brown's Prototype
3.3 Mr. Scharf s Single Prototype
3.4 Mr. Scharf s Senior Prototype
3.5 Mt. Scharf Junior Prototype
Methodolgy:
Compute exact costs based on representative playing
patterns. We have no alternative, because we have no data
which resolves rounds into 9 vs 18, prime vs nonprime,
and single vs senior vs junior, and so on. This is illustrated
in the following diagrams.
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I have analyzed playing patterns which will exactly
reproduce Mr. Brown's revenue figures of $202125 and his
total rounds 26609. They match his per play fees of $1.40:
Average Number of Rounds
Sng Sr Jr % incr w dbl PPF
1.
30
60
34
21%
2.
40
50
45
19%
($11.60)
($7.40)
($4.53)
3.
50
50
24
23%
($9.60)
($7.40)
($7.45)
4.
60
40
36
23%
The minimum % increase I have yet produced from doubled
per play fees is 19%. This matches, almost exactly, the
18.40/6 that I estimated earlier, thus validating my
numerical analysis and my analysis of playing patterns.
Now there is no escape: working, taxpaying singles are
playing at about a 20% discount while the Choice City
provides safe, healthy, affordable recreation for its
nonworking seniors (who have payed their taxes), juniors,
and children (who will pay their taxes). I call this inspired
public policy. I am concerned that Mr. Brown would
propose a change in this policy and I am concerned that the
board would endorse his proposal.
The Question of % Increases: One More Time
The % increase is on the order of 19%. What about the
12.2% claimed?
Mr. Brown estimates that the doubling of per play fees will
produce an average of $106 in per play costs for each
passholder in '95, twice the $53 that he estimates was spent
in '94. These numbers are contained in his Jan. 18, 1995
letter to me. If his estimate of a 12.2% increase in
passholder costs is accurate, then
(APA + 106)/(APA + 53) = 1.122 ... 12.2%
where APA is the average cost of an annual pass. Let's
solve for average cost of an annual pass:
APA = $381
This is impossible. If 175 singles have $400 passes, then the
remaining 400 pass holders would have to average $372
and none of these 400 pays more than $300!
Our numerical analysis says 18.4% and our analysis
or patterns of play says 19%. Mr. Brown's 12.2%
says the average annual pass costs $381. We
conclude that the claimed 12.2% increase cannot be
correct.
4. Conclusions and Recommendations
4.1 Numbers have low resolution; statistics are
misleading, largely irrelevant, and unsuitable for
informed policymaking. The percentage increase
is not the 12.2% that has been claimed in Mr.
Brown's (Ms. Azari's?) Jan.3 letter to Mr. Scharf.
4.2 The picture that has emerged to date is distorted.
But it supports Mr. Brown's disenchantment with
the annual pass system and with the annual
passholder.
4.3 The prediction for numbers of annual passes is
naive: it did not predict the last steep decline in
passes and it will not predict the next.
4.4 A subset of Seniors, and probably most Juniors,
have low per play costs. (This is good.) So Singles
have hell to pay. (This is bad.)
4.5 Here is the dynamic: Average costs are low, so
fees are raised. This drives up the breakeven
point for pass holders, drives out moderate
volume players, and leaves only large volume
players. This drives average costs down even
further, producing another fee hike. This drives
the breakeven point even higher, drives out the
high volume users, leaving only the very high
volume users. This drives average costs down
even further, produces yet another fee increase,
and so on until the breakeven point on annual
pass fees is so high that no one buys them.
4.6 You might balance the budget with the proposed
doubling of per play fees. But in the bargain,
you will decrease play, you will make golf less
accessible to Juniors and Seniors, and you
will drive off a community of gentlemen and
gentlewomen who have supported the growth of
a civilized golf culture in Ft. Collins. You will
cripple, if not eliminate, the annual pass system,
even though when Mr. Brown writes as Ms. Azari
on Jan. 3, 1995 he or she says..." It is not the
philosophy of the Council or the Golf Board to
eliminate annual passes, but to move in the
direction to have annual pass players pay a more
fair and equitable share of the costs." (Mr. Brown
has pointed out to Mr. Scharf that the quote
above does not include the Golf Director and that
his own intention is to eliminate annual passes.)
4.8 Our criticism shows that Mr. Brown (Ms. Azari?)
has no idea who will be hit how hard by the
proposed fee increases, and therefore he (she?)
cannot possibly know whether the proposed
policies are producing a more fair and equitable
sharing of costs. And when have we had a public
airing of what is fair and equitable, based on
useful numbers?
4.9 If you really wanted to raise average costs to
the annual passholder you would have to
decrease the cost of an annual pass to
attract low volume single users whose high
per round costs would actually increase the
average cost. This illustrates that you are
working toward the wrong goal. The correct goal
is not to increase average costs to the pass holder,
but to minimize the costs, under the constraint
that you raise enough money to balance the
budget. This is an interesting problem.
I urge you to freeze annual pass fees at
their 1994 levels and to rethink the true
economic and social impact of per play fees.
I appeal to someone on the board to so move.
S. Appendix: Numbers and Curves
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