HomeMy WebLinkAboutElectric Board - Minutes - 11/15/2000Minutes approved by the Board at the February 21, 2001, meeting.
FORT COLLINS ELECTRIC BOARD MINUTES
Regular MeetinNovember 15, 2000, at p.m.
Council Liaison: Scott Mason Staff Liaison: Heather Hoxen - 221-6700 (W)
Chairperson: Jim Welch Phone: 498-8947 (W/H)
Vice Chair: Richard Smart Phone: 221-4474 (H)
A regular meeting of the Fort Collins Electric Board was held at 5 p.m. on Wednesday, November 15,
2000, in the Utilities Training Room at 700 Wood Street, Fort Collins, Colorado.
BOARD PRESENT:
Barbara Rutstein, Doug Smith, Guy Helme, Jim Welch
STAFF PRESENT:
Dennis Sumner, Heather Hoxeng, Mike Smith
OBSERVER:
Lu Fisk of the League of Women Voters
APPROVAL OF MINUTES:
Barbara Rutstein motioned to approve the minutes of the October 18, 2000, meeting. Guy Helme
seconded the motion, which passed unanimously.
AMENDING THE 2001 WORK PLAN:
The following amendments were made to the 2001 Work Plan:
♦ Number 2A: The dates for the budget were changed to 2002-2003
♦ Number 11: The language "Monitor the Cities for Climate Protection Program' was added.
Doug Smith motioned to accept the amendments to the 2001 Work Plan. Ms. Rutstein seconded the
motion, and it passed unanimously.
APPROVING THE 2000 ANNUAL REPORT:
Ms. Rutstein motioned to approve the 2000 Annual Report. Doug Smith seconded the motion, and it
passed unanimously.
HYDROGEN TASK FORCE:
The Board discussed Dr. Albertson's request for the Electric Board to form a Hydrogen Task Force to
work towards converting Fort Collins to a hydrogen based economy. They decided such a task force
should include representatives from the City's Transportation Department, Natural Resources
Department, Climate Challenge group, and Colorado State University's Engineering Department.
Mrs. Rutstein made a motion to have the Board support the idea of forming a City-wide Hydrogen
Task Force with Electric Board participation. She also made a motion to have Jim Welch discuss the
idea with Council Liaison, Scott Mason. Guy Helme seconded the motions, which passed
unanimously.
INFORMATION SHARING:
The Board decided to cancel the December 20 meeting and forward any business to the January 17,
2001, meeting.
Doug Smith mentioned an article he read regarding an energy storage device that stores hydrogen
created from wind energy. He stated he would get the article to the Board Liaison to send to the
Board.
Mr. Welch stated that the Clinton administration is supporting carbon trading, which is focused mainly
on utility companies and reducing greenhouse gases. Ms. Rutstein said her understanding was just the
opposite. She understood that the United States wants to be involved in carbon trading, and Europe
does not because they believe it will result in dirtier power plants. Doug Smith and Mike Smith agreed
stated their understanding was the same as Ms. Rutstein's
Mr. Welch thought the Board should find out more about this concept and whether it would benefit
Fort Collins since we have such clean power. Dennis Sumner agreed to research the topic and report
back to the Board.
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Electric Choice
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Pennsylvania became one of the
first states in the country to
provide residents with the
opportunity to choose their
electric generation supplier when it
launched its Electric Choice Program in
1999. Until then, all three parts of your
electric service (generation,
transmission, and distribution) were
handled by one company - your current
electric distribution company.
With Electric Choice, you can choose the
company that supplies your electric
generation based on your own needs
and preferences, the lowest price, or the
best combination of prices, services and
incentives. As of January 2001 more
than 568,000 customers have selected
an alternative supplier. Under Electric
Choice, the choice is yours.
Webmaster:
webmaster@electrichoice.com
Join our mailing list for news and updates!
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DEREGULATION OF ELECTRICITY GENERATION --THE FACTS
WHY THE LEGISLATION?
WHAT IS DEREGULATION?
WHEN WILL DE_R_EGULATION TAKE PLACE?
WHATGUIDELINES DID PUC SET FOR DEREGULATION?
WHAT IS THE LOCAL UTILITY COMPANY'S ROLL IN DEREGULATION?
WHAT CHANGES CAN YOU EXPECT
HOW CAN YOU GET MORE INFORMATION?
WHY THE LEGISLATION?
Supporters of the legislation say all electricity customers will be beneficiaries because of lower rates for electricity. In 1995
in the regulated environment, Pennsylvanians spent $10 billion for electricity. If the PA rates for electricity drop to the
national average, then about 15% ($1.5 billion) will be saved each year. If the rates fall to the anticipated competitive price
for electricity, then an estimated 25% ($2.5 billion) will be saved each year in Pennsylvania.
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WHAT IS DEREGULATION?
For the electric industry, deregulation means the generation portion of electricity service will be open to competition.
However, the transmission and distribution of the electricity will remain regulated and your local utility company will
continue to distribute electricity to you and provide customer services to you. It is the generation of electricity that is being
deregulated; meaning you will have the opportunity to shop around for the electricity generation supplier of choice.
Deregulation is not new; you probably remember previous deregulations involving trucking, airline travel, and long distance
telephone service.
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WHEN WILL DEREGULATION TAKE PLACE?
One-third of all customer classes (residential, commercial, and industrial) must have freedom of choice for selecting an
electricity generation supplier by January 1, 1999. It is anticipated that two-thirds of all customer classes will have freedom
of choice beginning January 2, 1999 with all customers having choice by January 2, 2000. The rural electric cooperatives in
Pennsylvania will be offering all their customers the opportunity to select electricity suppliers by January 1, 1999, It is not yet
certain if any of the municipal systems will be offering their customers the opportunity to select suppliers. Contact the utility
company, rural electric cooperative or municipal system serving you to inquire about its scheduled phase -in period.
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WHAT GUIDELINES DID PUC SET FOR DEREGULATION?
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The PA Public Utilities Commission (PUC) has been very active in developing rigorous guiding principles concerning the
deregulation of electricity generation. These principles include:
• universal service and energy conservation programs
• consumer education
• consumer services
• reliability of supply electricity
Each utility company must document that its levels of consumer services and reliability equal or exceed the levels that
existed on January I, 1997. In addition, the PUC has capped electricity rates so that rates for the vast majority of customers
will not exceed the rates that existed on January 1, 1997. This rate cap will be in effect for the next four to nine years.
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WHAT IS THE LOCAL UTILITY COMPANY'S ROLE IN DEREGULATION?
Your local utility company --whether it is an investor -owned company or a rural electric co -op --will continue to distribute
electricity to you and provide customer services to you. It does not matter who you may select as your electricity generation
supplier, you will remain a customer of your local utility company for transmission, distribution and local services. These
services will remain regulated for the foreseeable future. Your local utility company will be responsible for providing line
repair and maintenance, restoring service after storms and accidents, and providing customer services including metering and
billing. When your local utility company is restoring electrical service after a storm or accident, the line crews cannot give
preferential treatment to those customers purchasing electricity from the company.
Your local utility will also serve as "the electricity enerator of last resort." In other words, if your selected electricity
generation supplier is unable to provide the electricity you need, your local utility company will supply you with electricity at
the prevailing price. When you shop for electricity, you should certainly consider your local utility company as one of the
possible suppliers of your electricity.
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WHAT CHANGES CAN YOU EXPECT?
There are a number of changes that are likely to take place as a result of deregulation. We have already seen mergers of
utility companies. For example, Allegheny Power was created by the merger of Monongahela Power, Potomac Edison , and
West Penn Power. GPU Energy was created by the merger of Penelec, MetED and JCP&L. We may see additional mergers
in the future.
Electricity pricing will certainly change. Today the investor -owned utilities are guaranteed the opportunity to make a profit in
the regulated environment, with oversight provided by the PUC. Rural electric co-ops are not guaranteed to make a profit
since they are operated as non-profit cooperatives governed by a board of directors elected by all customers. In the
competitive environment, the utility companies will no longer be guaranteed the opportunity to make a profit on the
generation of electricity.
Today there are few pricing options available and they are relatively easy to understand. It is anticipated that in the
deregulated environment, there will be many pricing options and some may be very complex.
Utility bills for electricity now include one total price for all these components: generation, transmission, distribution, and
local service. There are separate additional charges for fuel adjustment and taxes. Utility bills in the deregulated environment
will be "unbundled," meaning that each of the components will be itemized separately with a price per kiloWatt hour (kWh)
for each. In addition there may be a competitive transition charge or stranded investment charge for each kWh.
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There will be additional customer choices in the future. Today you buy just your electricity from your designated utility
company. In the near future, there will be many products and services that will be offered by companies and brokers in
addition to electricity. These additional products and services may include propane, diesel fuel, energy services, financing ,
equipment, and equipment maintenance.
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HOW CAN YOU GET MORE INFORMATION?
There is much additional information that is needed before you can make a decision to select the most appropriate electricity
provider. More information is available from your local utility company, Penn Statefs Agricultural and Biological
Engineering Extension, trade journals, popular press, and PA Public Utilities Commission.
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DeregulationJ
Definitions
Deregulation-T}ie
Facts
__h_oosing an Electricity
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Preparine for
Do's and Don'ts
Dere ulation
Pennsylvania State University
Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department
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CHOOSING AN ELECTRICITY GENERATION SUPPLIER
Now that Pennsylvania has legislated the deregulation of
electricity generation, you will soon have the opportunity to
select your electricity veneration supplier. One-third of each
customer class (industrial, commercial, and residential) will
have freedom of choice by January 1, 1999; two-thirds of each
customer class will have choice beginning January 2, 1999, and
everyone will have choice by January 2, 2000. The rural
electric cooperatives in Pennsylvania will be offering all their
customers the opportunity to select electricity suppliers by
January 1, t999. It is not yet certain if any of the municipal
systems will be offering their customers the opportunity to
select suppliers.
Soon you will be bombarded with advertisements from both
familiar and unfamiliar names trying to sell generated
electricity. Before selecting an electricity generation supplier,
there are many questions that you need to ask and then you
need to evaluate the assurances that you receive from the
various suppliers that you are considering. The top ten groups
of questions that you need to ask are:
1. How much will 1 pay?
What is the overall cost per kilowatt hour of generated electricity that is being negotiated? (Be sure to exclude charges from
your local utility for transmission, distribution, and local service since these prices are controlled by regulation and are not
negotiable.) If all kilowatt hours are not charged at the same rate, what incentives are provided for a lower price of electricity.
For example, what are the on -peak and off-peak rates for electricity? When is the off-peak period for each month of the
contract period? Are there fixed and variable rate contracts? Are there any demand charges? Are there any volume discounts?
2. What are the signing bonuses?
What is the value of extra services and gifts that are being offered as incentives to sign contracts? Are these extra services
and gifts valuable to you? Just how badly do you need another toaster or bird feeder? Or what is the true value of a free
month of electricity or a frequent -flyer mile for each 100 kwh? In other words, beware of " wise men bearing gifts."
3. What will be included on my utility bill?
Will there be separate bills for generation and all the other charges or can you get just one combined bill? To what extent will
individual expenses be itemized on your bill? Will there be any fees (exit charges, termination fees, transition fees, etc.) if
you terminate service with your current supplier of generated electricity? Are there any fees that the new electricity
generation supplier will be charging such as origination fees, demand charges, service charges, minimum charges, and
termination fees'?
4. Can I buy "renewable" electricity?
Will your supplier provide "renewable' electricity, i.e., electricity generated from replenishable energy sources, such as
hydropower, wind, solar, geothermal, or biomass? How much extra will you pay for renewable electricity? How can you be
sure you are getting renewable electricity?
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5, What is the length of contract?
What is the minimum length of contract period that each electricity generation supplier is requiring? Under what
circumstances can you terminate the agreement before the end of contract period? Under what circumstances can the
electricity generation supplier terminate the contract? What are the penalties to the supplier and/or customer for contract
termination? Can the contract be renewed automatically or is it subject to negotiation at that time again?
6. What happens if my electricity generation supplier does not meet my electricity needs?
What recourse do you have if your electricity generation supplier is unable to provide you with all the electricity you need?
How much will you pay to get electricity if your designated supplier cannot provide?
7. Am I negotiating with a reliable electricity generation supplier?
Is your electricity generation supplier licensed by the Pennsylvania Public Utilities Commission to sell electricity? How will
you be able to contact your supplier after the contract is signed? Can you contact your supplier 24 hours a day, seven days a
week? Is your supplier likely to be available in the future to meet your needs? Is your supplier investing in your community
or region as a "good citizen" to improve the quality of life for everyone?
8. Will I be getting interruptible or non -interruptible service?
Do the advertised rates for electricity apply to interruptible or non -interruptible service of electricity'? If the rates are for
interruptible service, what provisions exist for obtaining electricity --or other forms of energy --during the interruption? What
is the cost of an alternate supply of electricity or other energy during the interruption? Under what circumstances and how
often will your electricity supply be subject to interruption?
9. How can I lower my utility bill?
How can you reduce your expenses for electricity and other forms of energy through an energy management program? To
what extent will your electricity generation supplier assist you in optimizing your use of energy to maximize the profitability
of your business, company, or farm? Can the supplier assist you to reduce expenditures for energy in your home?
10. What are the benefits of aggregation?
How much can you save if you aggregate with other customers? What types of customers should combine into the aggregated
group of electricity customers? When joining an aggregated group, what happens if X% of the members of the aggregated
group forfeit the contract? What is the maximum percentage of members forfeiting their contracts that will result in the entire
aggregated contract being canceled ?
You need to educate yourself now so that you can be an informed shopper when selecting an electricity generation supplier.
Additional information is available from your local utility company, Penn Statefs Agricultural & Biological Engineering
Extension, trade journals, popular press, and PA Public Utility Commission
Choosing an Electricity
Do's and
1Z11;;;1_
GenerationSupplier
RoleofEnergy
Donts
were-0ulation Phe Facts
Conservation
Pennsylvania State University
Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department
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Preparing for Deregulation
HOW CAN YOU PREPARE FOR DEREGULATION'?
Electricity consumers throughout Pennsylvania may enroll for participation in the first phase of deregulation during the
period July 1 to August 14, 1998. Enrollment packets will be sent to all consumers during the period June 22 to June 26,
1998. Those consumers participating in the on -going pilot project will be included automatically in the first phase of
deregulation which takes effect January 1, 1999. Each consumer who is selected for the first phase will need to select an
electricity supplier during the period of September 1 to November 1, 1998. Or the consumer can opt out of the program
without penalty. Complete these steps before shopping for an electricity generation supplier.
• Document how much electricity you use and when you use the electricity
• Identify your major users of electricity
• Determine how you could modify your load profile. The more attractive your load profile is to an electricity
generation supplier, the more effectively you can negotiate with the electricity provider in order to get a favorable
rate.
• Consider the total cost of any alternate forms of energy, including costs for installation, maintenance and operation.
• Explore options to become part of an aggregated group for purchasing electricity.
• Study offers that "sound to good to be true"
• Steps for Reside_ntiall__Use..rs_o_f_Electricity
• Steps for Industrial and Commercial Users of Electricity
After you have carefully documented how and when you use electricity, then you should be able to select the most
appropriate electricity generation supplier to meet your needs.
Choosing -an Electricity
Dos and
Generation Supplier
>
Z11;
initions
Deregulation'Phe Pacts
Role ,of Enerev
Conservation
Pennsylvania State University
Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department
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Steps for Industrial and Commercial Users of Electricity
Calculate the cost of electricity as a percentage of total production or service costs. For example, if your company is
manufacturing widgets, calculate the cost of electricity per widget produced. If you operate a commercial venture,
calculate the cost of electricity per customer serviced and per dollar revenue generated. If you are a farmer, calculate
the cost of electricity to produce 100 pounds of milk, a dozen of eggs, one pound of meat, one flat of bedding plants,
or one bushel of fruit. After you have carefully documented how and when you use electricity, then you will be better
able to negotiate effectively to get the best buy for electricity.
Back to Preparing for Dere ulation
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Steps for Residental Users of Electricity
Estimate your costs of electricity for various residential uses, such as heating, air conditioning and water heating. This
recommendation applies to homeowners and renters as well as apartment dwellers. Consider how you could shift
tasks such as laundering and dishwashing to off-peak hours to reduce you utility bill
Back to Preparing for Deregulation
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DO'S AND DON'TS WITH DEREGULATION OF ELECTRICITY
GENERATION
The deregulation of electricity generation will be here before you realize it. By January 1, 1999 one third of all customers
will have freedom of choice for selecting their electricity generation suppliers. By January 2, 1999, the next one third of all
customers will begin having this freedom of choice and all customers will have freedom of choice by January 2, 2000. In the
deregulated environment, electricity will be just another commodity. Unlike most commodities, however, electricity cannot
be effectively stored and therefore needs to be traded on an instantaneous basis when needed. Early in the process, there were
claims that consumers could save 30 to 50% of their costs for electricity because of the deregulation legislation. Those claims
appear to be exaggerated; more realistic savings are in the 10-15% range for those informed consumers who know how to
take advantage of the opportunities available because of deregulation. Therefore, it is imperative that everyone become more
involved in studying all aspects of the deregulation of electricity generation. The following doffs and donfts are intended to get
you started on the journey of learning more about deregulation.
M,
i Calculate the annual cost of electricity for your business
or operation on the basis of dollars per item produced or
service rendered. For example, if your company
manufactures widgets, calculate the cost of electricity per
widget produced. If you operate a commercial venture,
calculate the cost of electricity per customer serviced and
per dollar revenue generated. It is very important to
understand the relative significance of electricity
expenditures.
i Install meters to monitor and record your use of
electricity for the various components of your operation.
Your local utility should be able to assist you in this
activity.
* Examine your various opportunities to modify your load
profile to reduce demand charges and/or to make yourself
more attractive to an electricity generation supplier.
• Consider using other forms of energy in place of
electricity in the various phases of your operation. For
example, you may want to consider using natural gas or
propane as the energy source for heating water. But before
making any conversions to other forms of energy, be sure
to evaluate the total expenditures involved including initial
investment and anticipated costs for operation and
maintenance.
i Explore the benefits of aggregation; that is, a grouping of
electricity consumers (generally residential and small
business/commercial consumers) into a larger purchasing
unit for the purpose of gaining more bargaining power with
the electricity generation suppliers.
i Study carefully the offers from the various electricity
generation suppliers that you will be receiving. Find out
DON'TS
• Don't sign a contract for a period longer than one year.
There are still many uncertainties concerning how
electricity will be bought and sold as a commodity in the
deregulated environment. Until the dust settles, contracts
should not be longer than one year for your own protection.
10 Don't be swayed by free gifts and other "come ons."
Beware of "wise men bearing gifts." You will be receiving
many offers with attractive signing bonuses. Be sure to
evaluate the true value of these signing bonuses. Just how
much is another toaster or a bird feeder worth to you? Or
how valuable is a free month of electricity each year or a
frequent flyer mile for each 100 kWh purchased. Insist on
knowing how much electricity is going to cost you for your
operation on a per kWh basis, including all the involved
charges.
i Don't assume your local utility will provide you with the
very best deal for electricity. But at the same time, certainly
include your local utility company as one of the electricity
generation suppliers that you will consider.
• Don't ignore deregulation. "The train has left the
regulated station and is heading full steam toward the
deregulated station." Now you need to figure out how to
jump aboard to take advantage of the opportunities of
deregulation.
• Don't expect to reap huge savings because of
deregulation. On the other hand, donft assume that
deregulation is "small potatoes" and won't make any
difference in your operation. You actually could loose
money because of deregulation if you do not become an
informed shopper.
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exactly how much it would cost for your electricity
(including all charges) to meet your electricity needs. Shop
around with various electricity generation suppliers before
making a commitment.
• Begin now to become more educated on the topic of
deregulation of electricity generation so that you will be an
informed shopper.
Additional information is available from your local utility company, Penn State's Agricultural & Biological Engineering
Extension, trade journals, popular press, and PA Public Utility Commission.
Deregula[ig_n
Deregulation-
Choosing an Electricity
Prepnng 1'pr
Dos and
Home
Definitions
The ['acts
Generation Su Tier
Deregulation
llou is
Pennsylvania State University
Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department
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ROLE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION?
The surest way to reduce your expenses for electricity is to use less electricity. However, whenever energy conservation
programs are being considered, all the implications of reducing electricity consumption must be evaluated. For example, the
utility bill for heating a building can be lowered by reducing the ventilation. However the reduced ventilation may result in
poor indoor air quality thus having negative impacts on the health and productivity of the occupants. This is an example of
"penny wise and pound foolish," because the energy savings are quickly offset by the negative consequences.
Electricity consumption needs to be viewed in the context of an overall energy management plan. The challenge is to
optimize energy use to increase profitability of your business, industry, or service. For residential customers, the objective is
to use energy as efficiently as possible without adverse impacts on health and comfort.
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Hme Deregul_ati_tr_n_Dcfininons DereDo's and Don'tsThe Facts
Choosing -an Electricity Energy Conservation IL Pre armo fo_r Deregplfion
Generation Supplier _ -- `
Pennsylvania State University
Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department
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Brief Definitions for the Deregulation of Electricity
Generation
Aggregation - A grouping of electric consumers (generally residential and small business customers) into a larger purchasing
unit in order to gain more bargaining power with the electricity generation supplier.
Avoided Cost - An estimate of what it would cost the utility to produce the next increment of electricity. The estimate is used
to evaluate the purchase of power from non -utility sources.
Biomass - Organic matter including wood, agricultural crops and crop residues that can be burned to produce energy.
Broker - Someone, licensed by the PUC, that acts as a middle man in the purchase and sale of electricity.
Cogeneration - A process of producing simultaneously electric and thermal (heat) energy from one fuel source.
Competitive Transition Charge (CTC) - A charge that must be applied to the bill of every customer accessing the
transmission or distribution network. The charge is needed so that an electric utility can recover a portion of its transition
costs or stranded costs as determined by the Public Utility Commission.
Demand - Maximum amount of electrical power used over a 15-,30- or 60- minute interval in the billing period. Expressed in
units of kilowatt (kW).
Demand Charge - Amount charged for the highest average power demand recorded during any one time period (ranging
from 15 min to one hour) within the billing period.
Deregulation - Removal or relaxation of regulations or controls governing a business or service operation. In the case of the
electric industry, deregulation means consumers will have their choice of electricity generation suppliers.
Distribution - The local part of an electricity system which delivers power from the substation to the retail customers.
Electricity Generation Supplier - A person or corporation, broker, marketer, aggregator or any others who sell electricity or
related services utilizing the transmission and/or distribution facilities of an electric utility company.
Electricity Generator of Last Resort - A consumer's local electric utility that will provide power to the consumer if his or
her selected generation supplier is unable to deliver.
Energy Conservation - The process of reducing use of energy to conserve and protect environmental resources.
Fossil Fuels - Natural resources such as coal, oil and natural gas that can be burned to generate electricity.
Generation - Production of electricity from a power plant.
Generation Capacity - The maximum amount of electrical power
that a power plant is able to produce, usually expressed in
Megawatts (MW).
Geothermal Energy - Natural heat from within the earth, captured
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for production of electric power. Geothermal energy can also cool
air in the summer and heat air in the winter when using ground
coupled heat pumps.
Energy Quest TM
Investor -owned Utility (IOU) - A utility company owned and operated by private investors.
Interruptible Rate - A special utility rate given to those who have their service temporarily stopped as part of an agreement
with the utility company. Service interruptions may occur during periods of high demand or high cost periods of short supply
for the utility.
Kilowatt-hour (kWh) - Unit of measure of electricity use over a period of time. For example, ten I00 Watt light bulbs
operated for one hour consumes 1 kiloWatt hour (kWh) of electricity.
Load - The amount of electrical power being used at one time by a customer, circuit or system. Expressed in units of
kiloWatts (kW).
Load Management - Shifting energy demands to different time periods of the day in order to reduce demand charges.
Load Profile - Graphic representation of electricity used over a period of time.
Non -Utility Generation - When a company other than a regulated public company produces power for sale.
Off -Peak Period - Period of time when the electricity supplied by a utility system is at a low level compared to other time
periods. Corresponds to when demand by customers is low.
On -Peak Period - Period of time when the electricity supplied by a utility system is at a high level compared to other time
periods. Corresponds to when demand by customers is high.
Peak Generation Load - The maximum demand for energy (or the maximum load consumed or produced) on a utility
system in a stated period of time. This determines the utility's required generating capacity.
Pilot - A utility program offering a limited group of customers their choice of certified or licensed energy suppliers on a
short-term trial basis.
Public Utility Commission (PUC) - The state regulatory agency that provides oversight, policy guidance, and direction to
electric public utilities as well as other utilities.
Real-time Pricing - Hourly rates for electricity that reflect the actual fluctuating costs for generating electricity.
Renewable Electricity - Electricity generated from replenishable energy sources, such as hydropower, wind, solar,
geothermal, or biomass.
Retail Wheeling - Also known as retail customer choice -- A utility company is required to transport electricity from a
generating plant it does not own directly to its retail customers. This gives retail customers the ability to purchase electricity
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from sources they choose.
Rural Electric Cooperative - Generally a non-profit, customer -owned electric utility, responsible for providing electricity in
primarily rural areas.
Stranded Costs - Investments and commitments made by utility companies that cannot be recovered in the deregulated
environment, expect by special billings over a projected five to nine year period. The PUC will determine the amount of
stranded costs to be recovered.
Transmission - Electric lines which transport generated electricity in bulk from the generation plant to
substations.
Unbundling - Itemizing utility company services (generation,
transmission, distribution, stranded costs, local service) so the
customer knows the cost of each service.
Universal Service- Policies, protections and services that help
low-income customers maintain service. This includes customer
assistance programs and policies and services that help low-
income customers reduce or manage energy consumption in a
cost-effective manner.
Valley Filling - An electric utility procedure used to change customer consumption patterns so that output of electricity is
more evenly distributed throughout the day or year.
Wheeling - The transmission of power that has been generated by one utility system over the lines of another utility system.
For a more complete list of terms refer to the Glossary of Electric Terms For The Future produced by the PA Public Utiltiy
Commission.
Deregulation
Deregulation-
Choosing an ElectricityPreparing
for
Dos and
Home
11
Definitions IL
The Facts
Generatmn Su _ lier
Deregulation JL2Ln'ts
Pennsylvania State University
Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department
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