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HomeMy WebLinkAbout06/21/2023 - Historic Preservation Commission - AGENDA - Regular MeetingPage 1 Kurt Knierim, Chair Location: Jim Rose, Vice Chair This meeting will be held Margo Carlock In person at Chambers, 300 LaPorte Jenna Edwards And remotely via Zoom Bonnie Gibson Anne Nelsen Andy Smith Staff Liaison: David Woodlee Maren Bzdek Vacant Seat Historic Preservation Manager Regular Meeting June 21, 2023 5:30 PM Historic Preservation Commission AGENDA Pursuant to City Council Ordinance No. 143, 2022, a determination has been made by the Chair after consultation with the City staff liaison that conducting the hearing using remote technology would be prudent. This hybrid Historic Preservation Commission meeting will be available online via Zoom or by phone and in person. The online meeting will be available to join beginning at 5:00 p.m. Participants should try to join online or in person at least 15 minutes prior to the 5:30 p.m. start time. IN PERSON PUBLIC PARTICIPATION: For public comments, the Chair will ask participants to queue at the podium to indicate you would like to speak at that time. You may speak when acknowledged by the Chair. ONLINE PUBLIC PARTICIPATION: You will need an internet connection on a laptop, computer, or smartphone, and may join the meeting through Zoom at https://fcgov.zoom.us/j/95421717693. (Using earphones with a microphone will greatly improve your audio). Keep yourself on muted status. For public comments, the Chair will ask participants to click the “Raise Hand” button to indicate you would like to speak at that time. Staff will moderate the Zoom session to ensure all participants have an opportunity to comment. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION BY PHONE: Please dial 253-215-8782 and enter Webinar ID 954 2171 7693. Keep yourself on muted status. For public comments, when the Chair asks participants to click the “Raise Hand” button if they wish to speak, phone participants will need to hit *9 to do this. Staff will be moderating the Zoom session to ensure all participants have an opportunity to address the Commission. When you are called, hit *6 to unmute yourself. Documents to Share: Any document or presentation a member of the public wishes to provide to the Commission for its consideration must be emailed to preservation@fcgov.com at least 48 hours before the meeting. Provide Comments via Email: Individuals who are uncomfortable or unable to access the Zoom platform or participate by phone are encouraged to participate by emailing comments to preservation@fcgov.com at least 48 hours prior to the meeting. If your comments are specific to any of the discussion items on the agenda, please indicate that in the subject line of your email. Staff will ensure your comments are provided to the Commission. Packet Pg. 1 Page 2 Fort Collins is a Certified Local Government (CLG) authorized by the National Park Service and History Colorado based on its compliance with federal and state historic preservation standards. CLG standing requires Fort Collins to maintain a Historic Preservation Commission composed of members of which a minimum of 40% meet federal standards for professional experience from preservation-related disciplines, including, but not limited to, historic architecture, architectural history, archaeology, and urban planning. For more information, see Article III, Division 19 of the Fort Collins Municipal Code. The City of Fort Collins will make reasonable accommodations for access to City services, programs, and activities and will make special communication arrangements for persons with disabilities. Please call 221-6515 (TDD 224-6001) for assistance. Video of the meeting will be broadcast at 1:00 p.m. the following day through the Comcast cable system on Channel 14 or 881 (HD). Please visit http://www.fcgov.com/fctv/ for the daily cable schedule. The video will also be available for later viewing on demand here: http://www.fcgov.com/fctv/video-archive.php. • CALL TO ORDER • ROLL CALL • AGENDA REVIEW o Staff Review of Agenda o Consent Agenda Review This Review provides an opportunity for the Commission and citizens to pull items from the Consent Agenda. Anyone may request an item on this calendar be “pulled” off the Consent Agenda and considered separately.  Commission-pulled Consent Agenda items will be considered before Discussion Items.  Citizen-pulled Consent Agenda items will be considered after Discussion Items. • STAFF REPORTS ON ITEMS NOT ON THE AGENDA • COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION ON ITEMS NOT ON THE AGENDA • CONSENT AGENDA 1. CONSIDERATION AND APPROVAL OF THE MINUTES OF MAY 17, 2023 The purpose of this item is to approve the minutes from the May 17, 2023 regular meeting of the Historic Preservation Commission. The Consent Agenda is intended to allow the Commission to spend its time and energy on the important items on a lengthy agenda. Staff recommends approval of the Consent Agenda. Anyone may request an item on this calendar to be "pulled" off the Consent Agenda and considered separately. Agenda items pulled from the Consent Agenda will be considered separately with Commission-pulled items considered before Discussion Items and Citizen-pulled items considered after Discussion Items. Items remaining on the Consent Agenda will be approved by Commission with one vote. The Consent Agenda consists of: ● Approval of Minutes ● Items of no perceived controversy ● Routine administrative actions Packet Pg. 2 Page 3 • CONSENT CALENDAR FOLLOW UP This is an opportunity for Commission members to comment on items adopted or approved on the Consent Calendar. • CONSIDERATION OF COMMISSION-PULLED CONSENT ITEMS Any agenda items pulled from the Consent Agenda by a Commission member will be discussed at this time. • DISCUSSION AGENDA 2. REPORT ON STAFF ACTIVITIES SINCE THE LAST MEETING Staff is tasked with an array of different responsibilities including code-required project review decisions on historic properties, support to other standing and special work groups across the City organization, and education & outreach programming. This report will provide highlights for the benefit of Commission members and the public, and for transparency regarding decisions made without the input of the Historic Preservation Commission (HPC). 3. LAND USE CODE TOPICS – OLD TOWN NEIGHBORHOOD AND ZONING DESCRIPTION: This is a general overview of the information that was presented about the Old Town Neighborhoods and the historic preservation impacts of the land use code at the recent public open house about the existing land use code and what was proposed in the repealed code. Discussion highlights from the Commission and any participating members of the public will be added to the topics raised at the Open House and shared with Planning staff. Tonight’s discussion will serve as preparation for a staff report to request a recommendation about the land use code from the HPC in the fall. STAFF: Maren Bzdek, Historic Preservation Manager 4. 313 N. MELDRUM ST. – THE EMMA MALABY GROCERY PROPERTY – APPLICATION FOR FORT COLLINS LANDMARK DESIGNATION DESCRIPTION: This item is to consider the request for a recommendation to City Council for landmark designation of the Emma Malaby Grocery Property at 313 N. Meldrum St. STAFF: Yani Jones, Historic Preservation Planner COMMISSION’S ROLE AND ACTION: One of the Commission’s responsibilities is to provide a recommendation to City Council on applications for the designation of a property as a Fort Collins landmark. Chapter 14 of the Municipal Code provides the standards and process for designation. At the hearing, the Commission shall determine whether the following two criteria are satisfied: (1) the proposed resource is eligible for designation; and (2) the requested designation will advance the policies and the purposes for landmark preservation in a manner and extent sufficient to justify the requested designation. Following its review, and once the Commission feels it has the information it needs, the Commission should decide whether to recommend landmark designation to City Council and if so, adopt a motion providing the Commission’s recommendation on the property’s landmark eligibility to City Council. Packet Pg. 3 Page 4 5. DOWNTOWN COLLEGE AVE SHF HISTORIC SURVEY – PROGRESS REPORT DESCRIPTION: The City of Fort Collins is completing an historic resource survey of fifty selected properties along the downtown College Avenue corridor. This includes previously unsurveyed properties, properties with dated/incomplete survey, and developing documentation for properties designated in the Old Town Landmark District that have not been, or have been poorly, documented in the past. This project is being sponsored by the City's Historic Preservation Services division, with grant funding support from the State Historical Fund. The lead consultant on this project, Ron Sladek of Tatanka Historical Associates, Inc., will be presenting highlights from the research findings and inviting comments from the Historic Preservation Commission as well as members of the community attending in-person and online. STAFF: Jim Bertolini, Senior Historic Preservation Planner 6. 3105 E. HARMONY ROAD – HENRY A. & ELLA ZIEGLER HOUSE, PROPOSED ADDITION (MINOR AMENDMENT) DESCRIPTION: Development application at 3105 E. Harmony Road to include demolition of the existing rear porch and construction of a new 1.5 story addition onto the rear of the existing house. STAFF: Jim Bertolini, Senior Historic Preservation Planner APPLICANT/OWNER Court Appointed Special Advocates, Inc. (CASA), 3105 E. Harmony Road, Fort Collins, CO 80528 COMMISSION’S ROLE AND ACTION: Provide a recommendation to the decision maker (in this case, Planning staff) regarding the proposed alterations, relative to their compliance with Section 3.4.7 of the Fort Collins Land Use Code. • CONSIDERATION OF CITIZEN-PULLED CONSENT ITEMS Any agenda items pulled from the Consent Agenda by a member of the public will be discussed at this time. • OTHER BUSINESS • ADJOURNMENT Packet Pg. 4 Agenda Item 1 Item 1, Page 1 AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY June 21, 2023 Historic Preservation Commission STAFF Melissa Matsunaka, Administrative Assistant SUBJECT CONSIDERATION AND APPROVAL OF THE MINUTES OF THE MAY 17, 2023 REGULAR MEETING EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The purpose of this item is to approve the minutes from the May 17, 2023 regular meeting of the Historic Preservation Commission. ATTACHMENTS 1. HPC May 17, 2023 Minutes – DRAFT Packet Pg. 5 Page 1 Kurt Knierim, Chair Location: Jim Rose, Vice Chair Council Chambers, 300 Laporte Margo Carlock And remotely via Zoom Jenna Edwards Bonnie Gibson Anne Nelsen Andy Smith Staff Liaison: David Woodlee Maren Bzdek Vacant Seat Historic Preservation Manager Regular Meeting May 17, 2023 Minutes •CALL TO ORDER Chair Knierim called the meeting to order at 5:30 p.m. •ROLL CALL PRESENT: Margo Carlock, Bonnie Gibson, Kurt Knierim, Anne Nelsen, Jim Rose, Andy Smith ABSENT: Jenna Edwards and David Woodlee STAFF: Maren Bzdek, Heather Jarvis, Jim Bertolini, Yani Jones, Melissa Matsunaka •AGENDA REVIEW Ms. Bzdek stated there were no changes to the published agenda. •CONSENT AGENDA REVIEW No items were pulled from consent. •STAFF REPORTS ON ITEMS NOT ON THE AGENDA None. •COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION ON ITEMS NOT ON THE AGENDA None. Historic Preservation Commission DRAFTITEM 1, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 6 Page 2 • CONSENT AGENDA 1. CONSIDERATION AND APPROVAL OF THE MINUTES OF APRIL 19, 2023. The purpose of this item is to approve the minutes from the April 19, 2023 regular meeting of the Historic Preservation Commission. 2. 127 N GRANT – SINGLE-FAMILY DEMOLITION NOTICE The purpose of this item is to approve the Single-Family Demolition Notice for 127 N Grant. Member Carlock moved to approve the consent agenda for the May 17, 2023 meeting as presented. Member Gibson seconded the motion. Yeas: Carlock, Gibson, Nelsen, Rose, Smith, and Knierim. Nays: none. THE MOTION CARRIED. • DISCUSSION AGENDA 3. REPORT ON STAFF ACTIVITIES SINCE THE LAST MEETING Staff is tasked with an array of different responsibilities including code-required project review decisions on historic properties, support to other standing and special work groups across the City organization, and education & outreach programming. This report will provide highlights for the benefit of Commission members and the public, and for transparency regarding decisions made without the input of the Historic Preservation Commission (HPC). Jim Bertolini reported on design review highlights, specifically the East Myrtle alleyway improvements. He also reported on upcoming education programs as part of Preservation Month. 4. CIVIL RIGHTS HISTORIC CONTEXT – PROGRESS REPORT DESCRIPTION: The City of Fort Collins is completing a historic context study about civil rights history in our community. This project is being sponsored by the City's Historic Preservation Services division, with grant funding support from the State Historical Fund, as a way to help ensure that the places we highlight, and hopefully preserve, as important to Fort Collins are reflective of the full story of Fort Collins history. The history of Fort Collins is complex and diverse and includes many people and groups that have often been ignored by local historians and the City's Historic Preservation program in the past. This project seeks to help change that by documenting the history of discrimination and civil rights actions, and by identifying important historic places where those events and actions took place. Although only part of Historic Preservation's larger Full Story Fort Collins project, documenting discrimination and civil rights organizing is an important step towards telling histories more reflective of our community. The larger goal of the Full Story Fort Collins project is to help ensure that all Fort Collins residents feel connected to the story of the city and share a sense of belonging here. STAFF: Maren Bzdek, Historic Preservation Manager LEAD CONSULTANT: Steph McDougal, McDoux Preservation Staff/Consultant Presentation Maren Bzdek, Historic Preservation Manager, stated this item relates to the progress made to date on the civil rights history in Fort Collins. She stated work is being done to develop a series of outreach and educational programs under the general umbrella of Full Story Fort Collins to ensure an inclusive and equitable storytelling of the community’s history that supports a preservation program is in place. She noted the project was funded by a grant from the State Historical Fund. She outlined the public participation options. DRAFTITEM 1, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 7 Page 3 Steph McDougal, McDoux Preservation, commented on the information collected from community members related to this civil rights research and noted historic contexts are designed to be built upon. She discussed the seven historic context narratives that were developed to capture the history of the civil rights movement in Fort Collins and reviewed the project timeline. Additionally, she commented on the history of the civil rights movement in the United States noting it includes any legislation or activism that seeks to guarantee full and equal protection in American society for everyone. Ms. McDougal went on to detail the seven historic context drafts and noted individuals may belong to more than one group and discrimination can be complicated by one’s intersectionality with the groups. She stated the seven themes include the right to vote, fair housing, including racially- based deed restrictions and the inability of non-white Anglo people to get federally insured mortgages and insurance for most of the 20th century, access to equal education, including the lack of transportation from Tres Colonias to schools in other parts of town and the battle over the 1968 bond issue that ultimately paid for the construction of Fullana Elementary, public accommodation, which is the integration of public spaces, fairness in hiring and employment, criminal injustice, which can include violence against marginalized people, police harassment and over-policing, and incarceration, including the confinement of Japanese people to internment camps during World War II, and indigenous or Native American rights. Ms. McDougal stated a historic context study is a technical document that is used in the practice of historic preservation and historic contexts provide the basis for National Register of Historic Places nominations because they situate a particular historic resource within a context and allow for comparing and contrasting that particular resource with others within the context. She stated the types of properties that are associated with each of the seven themes have been identified in Fort Collins and have been inventoried for the City to be able to potentially designate new historic landmarks at the City level and create ways to interpret that history as well as potentially encouraging the nomination of those properties to the Colorado State Register of Historic Places and the National Register of Historic Places. Additionally, she noted a subsequent report discussing interpretation strategies and opportunities is also being developed. Ms. McDougal noted there is a specific methodology outlined by the National Parks Service for this type of work. She outlined the way that methodology was applied to this project in Fort Collins, including the properties associated with each of the seven groups. She discussed the classification of the properties first by function or use then through various subcategories. She stated about two dozen identified properties remain standing, but noted the document is meant to be living; therefore, additional properties could be added in the future. Ms. McDougal discussed the information included for each property, in addition to priority level: street address, current and historic names for the property, whether the property is eligible for individual designation or nomination by the City, State, or National Register, whether the property would contribute to an existing or new historic district, property owner information based on tax assessor data, UTM coordinates, photos, and any other notes. She discussed examples of how the information has been outlined for specific properties. Public Comment Jerry Gavaldon, Museo de las Tres Colonias Board President, commented on his mother’s contributions to Fort Collins specifically as related to some of the property examples provided, including the Grace Presbyterian Church. He commended the work on this document. Commission Questions/Discussion Chair Knierim requested additional information on the disability rights category. Ms. McDougal replied disability rights were incorporated into the themes where information was found to make that possible, specifically within the theme of public accommodation having to do with transportation and access to buildings. Member Carlock asked if the historic context study will only include extant sites. Ms. McDougal replied the studies themselves looked at all of the sites that could be identified as being associated with the themes; however, the inventory of prioritized sites only includes extant sites. DRAFTITEM 1, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 8 Page 4 Chair Knierim asked about the timeline for the project moving forward. Ms. McDougal replied comments are being collected through May 26th and revisions will be made based on that input, then the new draft will be sent back to staff for a final review and the report will be put into its final format, likely at some point in the summer. Additionally, the report on interpretive and educational opportunities and strategies will also be provided in draft form and will be made available to the community for comments and a final report will be prepared for the grant funder. Member Nelsen commended the work and thanked staff for seeking the grant. Ms. Bzdek commented on the benefits of a grant-funded project in that a consultant with a different perspective and professional experience can be brought in for the work. She also commented on the development of the interpretive strategies and involvement of community partners that are traditionally engaged. Chair Knierim concurred this is exciting work and he appreciates the value placed on it by the community. 5. 232 E. VINE DR. – THE ALEXANDER AND EMMA BARRY FARM PROPERTY – APPLICATION FOR FORT COLLINS LANDMARK DESIGNATION DESCRIPTION: This item is to consider the request for a recommendation to City Council for landmark designation of the Alexander and Emma Barry Farm Property at 232 E. Vine Dr. STAFF: Yani Jones, Historic Preservation Planner COMMISSION’S ROLE AND ACTION: One of the Commission’s responsibilities is to provide a recommendation to City Council on applications for the designation of a property as a Fort Collins Landmark. Chapter 14 of the Municipal Code provides the standards and process for designation. At the hearing, the Commission shall determine whether the following two (2) criteria are satisfied: (1) the proposed resource is eligible for designation; and (2) the requested designation will advance the policies and the purposes in a manner and extent sufficient to justify the requested designation. Following its review, and once the Commission feels it has the information it needs, the Commission should adopt a motion providing its recommendation on the property’s Landmark eligibility to City Council. Staff Presentation Yani Jones, Historic Preservation Planner, outlined the role of the Commission and discussed the property location and showed photos of the site. She stated the property is significant under three standards: events, persons and groups, and design and construction. For events, the property is associated with the agricultural district that developed just north of the old fort site. Additionally, the property is associated with many owners, including the Barry Family, who farmed and ranched on the surrounding land. In terms of design and construction, the property is significant due to it being a very rare and early example of a farmhouse near the historic core of the city, it is also a good example of a Victorian farmhouse with Gothic Revival influences. Jones stated the property has a preponderance of integrity to convey its significance in varying degrees as described in the staff report and nomination form. She noted the shop building on the property is considered a non-contributing element. Applicant Presentation None. Public Comment None. DRAFTITEM 1, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 9 Page 5 Commission Questions Member Nelsen asked for further details about the land. Jones replied the lands of the west were not originally owned by the United States government but were taken from the Native Americans who inhabited the west and all of the United States and who were forcibly removed to reservations during the 19th century. She stated the government put in place several different pieces of legislation to incentivize white settlers to move west by giving them access to virtually free land. She stated the land was granted to Oliver Glenn through the Military Bounty Land Act of 1855 through that context. Commission Discussion Member Carlock stated she believes the property meets the criteria and is very worthy of landmark designation. Member Gibson commented on the architecture meeting criteria. Chair Knierim concurred and stated there are few examples of early agricultural history in this area. He stated he would support the designation. Member Smith commented on the significance of the property and on the willingness of the owner to designate. Member Nelsen concurred the property meets the designation criteria but noted it also has some negative history which should be acknowledged. She stated the property should be preserved, but it is difficult to celebrate it given it is on stolen land. Chair Knierim stated it is important to have that context when considering interpretation for these types of sites. Member Rose concurred with prior comments but noted there are some serious intrusions in terms of architectural integrity, including the addition on the north side of the home. He stated the materials are not appropriate in terms of a Gothic cottage. However, he stated he believes the property meets the criteria for architecture and design and the site is eligible as a landmark due to its unique approach to building a farmhouse. He stated he hopes landmarking the site will ensure its history will be portrayed in a way for the community to see how important it is given the home as it exists bears little resemblance to what it would have been as a farmstead. Member Carlock concurred with Member Nelsen that the origins of the property should be part of the story and questioned if that could be incorporated into the landmark designation itself as part of the events criteria in addition to the agricultural history. Member Gibson stated any nominations really should include a land acknowledgement component given the broader history. Member Gibson moved that the Historic Preservation Commission adopt a written resolution recommending that City Council adopt an ordinance to designate the Alexander and Emma Barry Farm Property at 232 East Vine Drive as a Fort Collins Landmark finding that this property is eligible for its significance to Fort Collins under standard one, events, standard two, persons and groups, and standard three, design and construction, as supported by the analysis provided in the staff report and landmark nomination dated April 20, 2023, and that the property clearly conveys the significance through integrity of location, setting, design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association to a significant degree, and finding also that the designation of this property will promote the policies and purposes of the City as specified in Chapter 14 of the Municipal Code. Member Rose seconded the motion. Member Nelsen asked Member Rose if he wanted to amend the motion or reduce the scope of the designation given his earlier comments. Member Rose replied all seven elements of integrity are not required and stated the property has significance without question. He commented on the design being very unique for Fort Collins given its origins in the upper Hudson Valley. He stated he is not concerned about modifying the motion as stated. Member Nelsen asked if the motion should be amended to include wording regarding altering the language in the nomination form related to the land origins. Jones replied that would be helpful. DRAFTITEM 1, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 10 Page 6 Members discussed whether they would like to include a land origin addition to just this nomination or to all nominations henceforth. Member Carlock stated she did not believe a land acknowledgment needs to be included in all nominations moving forward, but believes it applies in this case. Member Smith expressed support for discussing whether to have a land acknowledgment as part of the Commission’s review criteria and as part of the justification for a nomination, so it is applied consistently. He noted it does seem to apply in this case given the land was only two ownerships removed from being native land to the construction of the farmhouse. Ms. Bzdek stated staff could prepare formal discussion points for a future work session. She also noted the City of Fort Collins is working on preparing its own land acknowledgment statement that will come with guidance for Boards and Commissions. Member Nelsen moved to amend the original motion to include, under standards one and two, the pertinent history of the land and acknowledging its native origins. Member Carlock seconded the motion. The vote on the amendment was as follows: Yeas: Carlock, Edwards, Gibson, Rose, Smith, and Knierim. Nays: none. THE MOTION CARRIED. Member Smith asked if the property owner would need to consent to the modification. Mr. Bertolini replied the property owner will be informed of the recommendation with the resolution and could always revoke their consent. The vote on the main motion was as follows: Yeas: Carlock, Edwards, Gibson, Rose, Smith, and Knierim. Nays: none. THE MOTION CARRIED. • CONSIDERATION OF CITIZEN-PULLED CONSENT ITEMS None. • OTHER BUSINESS None. • ADJOURNMENT Chair Knierim adjourned the meeting at 7:03 p.m. Minutes prepared by and respectfully submitted by Melissa Matsunaka. Minutes approved by a vote of the Commission on __________________. _____________________________________ Kurt Knierim, Chair DRAFTITEM 1, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 11 Agenda Item 2 Item 2, Page 1 STAFF REPORT June 21, 2023 Historic Preservation Commission ITEM NAME STAFF ACTIVITIES SINCE THE LAST MEETING (COVERING MAY 4, 2023 TO JUNE 7, 2023) STAFF Yani Jones, Historic Preservation Planner Jim Bertolini, Senior Historic Preservation Planner Maren Bzdek, Historic Preservation Manager INFORMATION Staff is tasked with an array of different responsibilities including code-required project review decisions on historic properties, support to other standing and special work groups across the City organization, and education & outreach programming. This report will provide highlights for the benefit of Commission members and the public, and for transparency regarding decisions made without the input of the Historic Preservation Commission (HPC). Specific to project review, in cases where the project can be approved without submitting to the Historic Preservation Commission (HPC), with issuing a Certificate of Appropriateness or a SHPO report under Chapter 14, Article IV of the City’s Municipal Code. Staff decisions are provided in this report and posted on the HPS’s “Design Review Notification” page. Notice of staff decisions are provided to the public and HPC for their information, but are not subject to appeal under Chapter 14, Article IV, except in cases where an applicant has requested a Certificate of Appropriateness for a project and that request has been denied. In that event, the applicant may appeal staff’s decision to the HPC pursuant to 14-55 of the Municipal Code, within two weeks of staff denial. Beginning in May 2021, to increase transparency regarding staff decisions and letters issued on historic preservation activities, this report will include sections for historic property survey results finalized in the last month (provided they are past the two-week appeal deadline), comments issued for federal undertakings under the National Historic Preservation Act (also called “Section 106”), and 5G wireless facility responses for local permit approval. There is a short staff presentation this month highlighting items and events from the previous month. Packet Pg. 12 Agenda Item 2 Item 2, Page 2 Education & Outreach Activities Part of the mission of the Historic Preservation Services division is to educate the public about local, place- based history, historic preservation, and preservation best practices. Below are highlights from the last month in this area. Program Title Sponsor-Audience- Partner Description # of Attendees Date of Event/Activity Transportation History NACTO; Transfort Brief history of transit in Fort Collins for NACTO conference attendees 20 May 10, 2023 Rainbow Club History Chat Senior Center/Rainbow Club Presentation and listening session on LGBTQ history 20 May 11, 2023 2023 Dearfield Conference: “Celebrating the Women and Families of Dearfield” UNC; Friends of Dearfield Presentation by Maren Bzdek on life of Jennie Goodall, a Black resident of Fort Collins who became an influential Dearfield community member 40 (approx..) May 20, 2023 Think Again! Historic Preservation Myth- busting Workshop General public Presentation debunking common myths and learning basics about historic preservation 20 May 24, 2023 Think Again! Historic Preservation Myth- busting Workshop City of Fort Collins PDT admin staff Presentation debunking common myths and learning basics about historic preservation 15 May 25, 2023 Historic Preservation Training for Realtors Fort Collins Board of Realtors Presentation introducing preservation concepts, debunking myths, and some key tips for realtors. 12 June 6, 2023 Staff Design Review Decisions & Reports – Municipal Code Chapter 14 Property Address Description of Project Staff Decision Date of Decision 1400 W. Oak St. (George J. Wolfer House & Garages) Reroofing. City Landmark. Reviewed by staff under Municipal Code 14, Article IV. Approved May 5, 2023 505 Smith St. (Montgomery House and Garage) Reroofing. City Landmark. Reviewed by staff under Municipal Code 14, Article IV. Approved May 15, 2023 401 Smith St. (Loomis- Jones House) Painting and non-historic shutter removal. City Landmark. Reviewed by staff under Municipal Code 14, Article IV. Approved May 16, 2023 1112 Mathews St. (V.E. Cram Residence) New detached garage. Contributing property in Laurel School NRHP District. Reviewed by staff under Municipal Code 14, Article IV. Approved May 25, 2023 714 W. Mountain Ave. (Ault-Thode Property) Porch rehab. City Landmark. Reviewed by staff under Municipal Code 14, Article IV. Approved May 26, 2023 623 Mathews St. (S.A. Johnson House) Porch rehab. City Landmark. Reviewed by staff under Municipal Code 14, Article IV. Approved May 26, 2023 223 Linden St. (Reed- Dauth Block) Painting. City Landmark and contributing property in Old Town historic district. Reviewed by staff under Municipal Code 14, Article IV. Approved June 1, 2023 Packet Pg. 13 Agenda Item 2 Item 2, Page 3 3 Old Town Square (H.C. Howard Block) Reroofing. Contributing property in Old Town Landmark District and Old Town NRHP District. Reviewed by staff under Municipal Code 14, Article IV. Approved June 2, 2023 5 Old Town Square (J.L. Hohnstein Block) Reroofing. Contributing property in Old Town Landmark District and Old Town NRHP District. Reviewed by staff under Municipal Code 14, Article IV. Approved June 2, 2023 7 Old Town Square (238 E. Mountain Ave.) Reroofing. Contributing property in Old Town Landmark District and in Old Town NRHP District. Reviewed by staff under Municipal Code 14, Article IV. Approved June 2, 2023 250 N. Mason St. (Colorado & Southern Depot and Docks) ADA improvements. City Landmark. Reviewed by staff under Municipal Code 14, Article IV. Approved June 2, 2023 Selected Staff Development Review Recommendations – Land Use Code 3.4.7 Property Address Description of Project Staff Decision Date of Decision / Recommendation Main & Lindenmeier (NW corner) Conceptual Development Review: Subdivision in preparation of new single-family development Staff advised on Alta Vista importance; recommended design compatibility at development stage May 4, 2023 514 Wood St. Conceptual Development Review: Multi-family (2-4 units) Demolition notification complete on buildings on development site. Minor design compatibility. May 4, 2023 2017 Evergreen Conceptual Development Review: Legalization of over-under duplex Advised adaptive reuse had no Pres requirements; demo would require survey May 4, 2023 6824 S. College Ave PDP – Sun Communities Phase 2 (manufactured home park/affordable housing) Historic survey for 6824 S College complete (Not Eligible); No further Preservation concerns. May 10, 2023 100 1st St. Conceptual Development Review: Convert historic (Landmark) store to ADU Exterior alterations need HP approval; likely project will alter to accessory w/o living space May 11, 2023 Foothills Mall PDR: Mall Redevelopment (First Phase) No Preservation concerns; too much loss of integrity in previous/recent redevelopments; offer of assistance on interp/storytelling May 17, 2023 1509 S. Shields Conceptual Development Review: Add multi-family to rear of existing house Historic survey required (expired); May have design compatibility requirements May 18, 2023 Packet Pg. 14 Agenda Item 2 Item 2, Page 4 1800 N. College Ave Conceptual Development Review: Oil Change (new building) Historic survey complete; some design compatibility w/ Pobre Pancho’s to north May 18, 2023 3021 S. Taft Hill Rd Conceptual Development Review: Subdivision for single-family homes Requested info about whether existing residence (1968) would be retained – if so, no Preservation requirements. May 25, 2023 Historic Property Survey Results City Preservation staff frequently completes historic survey for properties for a number of reasons, usually in advance of development proposals for properties. The table below includes historic property survey for the reporting period for any historic survey for which the two-week appeal period has passed. Address Field/Consultant Recommendation Staff Approved Results? Date Results Finalized 423 Spaulding Ln Not Eligible Yes May 26, 2023 501 Spaulding Ln Eligible; Architecture (Farmhouse only) Yes May 30, 2023 National Historic Preservation Act – Staff Comments Issued The City of Fort Collins is a Certified Local Government, which provides the Historic Preservation Services division and Landmark Preservation Commission an opportunity to formally comment on federal undertakings within city limits. This includes actions that are receiving federal funding, permits, or have direct involvement from a federal agency. Note: Due to changes in how Preservation staff process small cell/5G wireless facilities, staff does not provide substantive comments on those undertakings (overseen by the Federal Communications Commission) and do not appear in the table below. National Historic Preservation Act – Staff Comments Issued The City of Fort Collins is a Certified Local Government, which provides the Historic Preservation Services division and Landmark Preservation Commission an opportunity to formally comment on federal undertakings within city limits. This includes actions that are receiving federal funding, permits, or have direct involvement from a federal agency. Lead Agency & Property Location Description of Project Staff Comment Date Comment Issued None Staff 5G Wireless Facility Summary Note: Co-locations with existing street infrastructure, usually traffic lights, is considered a co-location and not subject to denial due to proximity to properties that meet the City’s definition of historic resources (Sec. 14-3) Due to recent changes in how Preservation staff reviews small cell/5G towers, co-located towers no longer receive substantive review except where historic resources would be impacted directly by the tower’s installation. These types of direct impacts would include potential damage to archaeological resources and/or landscape Packet Pg. 15 Agenda Item 2 Item 2, Page 5 features throughout the city such as trolley tracks, carriage steps, and sandstone pavers. This report section will summarize activities in this area. Within this period, staff processed a total of 34 5G/Small Cell tower requests total, with 23 seen for the first time. ATTACHMENTS 1. Staff Presentation Packet Pg. 16 Staff Activity Report June 21, 2023 Historic Preservation Commission Jim Bertolini, Senior Historic Preservation Planner,Yani Jones, Historic Preservation Planner,Maren Bzdek, Historic Preservation Manager Design Review Highlight 623 Mathews St. (S.A. Johnson House) — Landmark Rehabilitation Loan Award Porch Rehab • Deteriorated deck board replacement • Deteriorated porch railing base replacement (fiberglass) • Sanding, priming, painting 2 1 2 ITEM 2, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 17 Historic Survey Highlight • 501 Spaulding -Farmhouse -423 Spaulding Not Eligible 3 Education and Outreach 4 June is LGBTQ+ Pride Month in the United States, in recognition of the June 1969 Stonewall Riots in New York City, a milestone act of resistance that created important momentum in the LGBTQ+ civil rights movement. One year after Stonewall, the number of LGBTQ+ groups in the country grew from approximately 50 to 1500. By 1971, they rose to approximately 2500 formal groups. Pride month celebrations now occur all over the world, and one of the largest is in Denver. Learn more about LGBTQ+ history in Fort Collins, and check out the related walking tour, at: https://www.fcgov.com/historicpreservation/pride 3 4 ITEM 2, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 18 Agenda Item 3 Item 3, Page 1 STAFF REPORT June 21, 2023 Historic Preservation Commission ITEM NAME LAND USE CODE TOPICS – OLD TOWN NEIGHBORHOODS AND ZONING STAFF Maren Bzdek, Historic Preservation Manager INFORMATION This is a general overview of the information that was presented about the Old Town Neighborhoods and the historic preservation impacts of the land use code at the recent public open house about the existing land use code and what was proposed in the repealed code. Discussion highlights from the Commission and any participating members of the public will be added to the topics raised at the Open House and shared with Planning staff. Tonight’s discussion will serve as preparation for a staff report to request a recommendation about the land use code from the HPC in the fall. ATTACHMENTS 1. LUC Open House Boards – Old Town.pdf Packet Pg. 19 ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 20 ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 21 ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 22 Legend ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 23 ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 24 ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 25 ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 26 ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 27 What we heard at the LUC Open House re: Old Town Neighborhoods & Zoning Town. Topics of discussion: Scale of infill projects, - o - ho o - Change of character and potential of Old Town Level of prot historic resources relative to Parking impacts ADUs as short-term rentals Loss of natural and Variances and for d resources o Should permissive? o ? ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 28 1 PROTECT OUR OLD TOWN HOMES COMMENTS ON PROPOSED CHANGES TO LAND USE CODE 5/19/2023 1.WHO ARE WE? Protect Our Old Town Homes (POOTH) is an association of neighbors from East and West Old Town who formed in 2013 to help prepare the Old Town Neighborhoods Plan and Old Town Design Guidelines. In 2016, we successfully stopped a petition drive that attempted to overturn a city council ordinance that improved zoning standards for Old Town. The Old Town rezoning ordinance was finally adopted by council in 2017. When the new land use code was adopted in November 2023, our group joined forces with Preserve Fort Collins to carry the petitions that successfully repealed the proposed Land Development Code (LDC). During February and March, a committee of over 20 POOTH members met to review the repealed LDC and prepare comments on the proposed changes to the city’s current Land Use Code (LUC). Our committee met weekly for 4 weeks with over 10 hours of group discussion and additional time spent in online. It is our understanding that city staff is meeting with groups during the public input state and we would like our POOTH committee to meet directly with city staff to present our concerns in full. Below is a summary of our comments, concerns and suggestions for changes to the repealed LDC. While the views expressed were not always unanimous, it does express a broad consensus of the group’s opinion. 2.COMMENTS ON CITY COUNCIL GOALS (AKA PRINCIPLES) POOTH believes that words and their meanings are important and should be precise. We believe that what the Council continues to call principles are actually goals and should be stated as such. According to the Meriam Webster Dictionary, goals are defined as “the end towards which effort is directed”, while principles are “a rule or code of conduct”. Consequently, our comments are directed towards the following stated Council goals: A.Goal: Increase overall housing capacity (with a measurable objective of increasing density 53% city-wide) POOTH unanimously opposes the goal of increasing city-wide density and believes the 53% density objective is neither desirable nor appropriate. The city-wide rezoning of existing single-family (SF) zones, including Old Town (OT) Neighborhood Conservation Low Density (NCL) and Neighborhood Conservation Medium Density (NCM) which is predominantly SF, is a shotgun, supply-side/trickle-down approach that assumes that by upzoning to increase housing density, the private sector will build more affordable housing or that by increasing the housing stock, prices and rents will go down. The reality is that the private sector doesn’t build affordable housing without subsidies. And although commodity prices are typically dictated by supply and demand (greater supply satisfies demand and decreases prices), that has not proven true for increased housing density/stock in other cities. POOTH members ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 29 2 are reluctant to sacrifice Old Town quality of life by accepting higher density without at least a likelihood that the sacrifice will result in more affordable housing. We also believe that the LUC should NOT override Homeowner Associations’ covenants. People choose to live where they find the best fit for them and the city government should not override these basic human rights. We request that the objective of achieving a 53% city-wide density increase be eliminated. The city should instead adopt a more strategic approach with higher densities adjacent to convenient transit (with 15-20 minute headways) and in areas of large tracts of vacant land where the density can be carefully planned. A perfect example of vacant land where this approach should be applied would be Montava. It can be planned for all styles and pricing of housing, density adjacent to transit hubs, commercial/retail spaces, and land for industrial uses. B. Goal: Enable more affordable housing POOTH believes this goal misses the mark. We don’t think upzoning is effective or should be used for this purpose. We support a goal to “Increase Affordable Housing Supply ” - especially for HUD income qualified households. POOTH also encourages the city to develop strategies to protect the existing affordable housing stock. This would include smaller, older single-family (SF) homes used as rentals and for starter homes as well as rent-restricted multi-family (MF) housing. We especially support programs to protect HUD rent- restricted housing that is being lost as 20-year rent restrictions end and rents move to market rates (e.g., Reflections, a rent-restricted senior complex that sold and raised rents to market rate in 2022 causing displacement of most tenants.) We believe the city should increase its efforts to build, or cause to be built, additional permanent affordable housing units for both income-qualified renters and buyers (up to 80% AMI) through subsidies, grants, government ownership, vouchers, or other direct support. The city should also identify revenue generating strategies such as a real estate transfer tax that could help fund new income- qualified units. POOTH supports targeting affordable housing specifically for current Fort Collins workers and low-income residents. Additionally, since rapid increases in CSU student enrollment contribute to the stress on Fort Collins housing stocks, the city should consider ways in which CSU could be compelled to bear more responsibility in providing housing (public or private) for their existing and increased enrollments. C. Goal: Allow for more diverse housing choices We support the concept of having more housing choices in Fort Collins but believe that this should only be directed at the planned, new development of large vacant parcels and should not apply to established, built-out neighborhoods. The City Plan adopted in the 1990’s included zoning for SF homes, townhomes, duplexes, and MF housing of all types in the subdivisions built in the past 20 years. The strategy was effective and should be continued or modified but only for greenfield development. ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 30 3 D. Goal: Make the code easier to use and understand We applaud this goal and believe the new layout and organization of the proposed LDC largely accomplishes this. E. Goal: Improve Predictability of the development review process The pertinent question when examining this goal is, predictability for whom? We especially support increasing predictability for existing homeowners, renters, neighborhoods, HOA’s, realtors and homebuyers. The existing LUC provided predictability for existing and future residents in regard to what land uses would be allowed next door and around them. The repealed LDC removed predictability for all those Old Town and SF neighborhoods that were proposed for upzoning. Under the repealed LDC, homeowners, renters and buyers would no longer be assured that the single-family style homes in their neighborhoods would be sustained. Zoning and land use permitting procedures are short-term for the developers and builders but the resulting changes to the neighborhood are permanent. Residents deserve predictability and a voice in proposed changes in their neighborhoods. POOTH, and virtually all Fort Collins residents, want to have an active voice in changes to their neighborhoods. The code should continue to require neighborhood notification of development proposals and zoning changes. Proposed individual variances, waivers, and modifications of standards for single lots should be publicized to the adjacent neighboring homes. We strongly support retaining neighborhood meetings, meaningful involvement in the development review process, and requiring development projects to go to the Planning and Zoning Commission for public hearings so that our voices can be heard. 3. COMMENTS ON PROPOSED REZONING OF OLD TOWN NCL AND NCM ZONES POOTH members were unanimous in their opposition to the rezoning of both Old Town (OT) zones for many reasons. A. Conserve our historic housing OT neighborhoods are currently zoned Neighborhood Conservation Low Density (NCL) and Neighborhood Conservation Medium Density (NCM). We SUPPORT maintaining the objective of “conserving” the historic homes in our neighborhoods regardless of their status as eligible or ineligible for landmark designation. These neighborhoods include some of the smallest single-family homes in the city, providing housing stock for starter homes and cheaper rentals. The city should work to protect the less expensive housing it currently has. We don’t want to lose Fort Collins’ historical housing/neighborhoods to demolition and modern building designs, and we don’t think other city residents would want to see Old Town homes demolished and replaced either. Old Town is a beloved part of our community and these neighborhoods are valued for their historic character city-wide. Old Town homes should be preserved whenever practicable, not demolished. ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 31 4 B. People choose housing and neighborhoods that they like and can afford Our residents have chosen older homes in OT because of their character, a love for the neighborhood charm, walkable streets, their location and (historically lower) prices. They have chosen to live in single- family neighborhoods and their choices and property values should be respected. While housing prices have drastically increased in recent years, Old Town still retains a diverse mix of residents in terms of income, ethnicity, and ages and shelters renters, students and homeowners. We like it this way! C. Old Town already meets the city’s higher density goals. OT already has a small number of duplexes and apartment buildings that were built long before the LUC. They are outliers in our otherwise SF neighborhoods. Within our midst are the Downtown and River District zones with new and proposed high-density condos and MF housing. MF apartments have been built along West Laurel, Cherry, and Willow Streets. And there are thousands of students living on campus. The greater Old Town area is dense enough! OT is already denser than most of Fort Collins. D. It is unfair to target Old Town with greater density than any other SF zones While OT is only about 1.3% of the city’s land area, our NCM neighborhoods are proposed to be rezoned to the highest density compared with any other SF zones city-wide. We realize that increasing density city-wide by 53% is an average and not all neighborhoods will be 53% denser. But under the proposed LDC, Old Town in particular and by design, is zoned to allow the highest densities city-wide. The city has not proposed 5- and 6-unit MF housing in any other SF zones. We believe this is inequitable for our oldest, most cherished, neighborhoods. E. Proposed OT Zoning would accelerate gentrification and displacement of lower income residents The proposed zoning is likely to accelerate gentrification by attracting both new large SF houses and high-end MF housing. The scrape-offs of small, older, more affordable SF homes has accelerated in Old Town in recent years with approximately 65 single-family homes demolished since 2017. These houses weren’t demolished because they were condemned, but because they were smaller, older, and cheaper. The sale and redevelopment of small homes are already displacing our lower income and student renters as well eliminating entry level for-sale housing. The repealed LDC would significantly increase this displacement. In addition, the proposed cap of 2400 square feet for a new SF house will not stem the tide of new high- end SF redevelopment in OT but will exacerbate the trend of displacement. Some new houses could be up to 3600 square feet with a full basement. As such, the cap will not constrain the displacement of existing residents as little homes are sold/demolished for redevelopment. The proposed OT B zoning is also likely to result in high-end 5-unit apartment buildings, townhomes or condos, further displacing renters and entry level buyers of existing smaller, lower cost homes. The 6-unit townhomes located on the corner of Mountain and Shields are an example; these units sell for a million dollars each. This housing is not affordable. Under the repealed LDC, where would our displaced residents and entry level buyers go to find housing? ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 32 5 Additionally, it can be expected that the proposed zoning will especially accelerate gentrification and demolitions in our older, minority neighborhoods including the Tres Colonias and Holy Family neighborhoods. This conflicts with the city’s own equity and inclusion goals. F. OT NCM/OT B zoning accelerates redevelopment of lower income areas POOTH questions why OT’s predominantly SF neighborhoods have been divided into low and medium density zones at all. The existing housing in all of Old Town is predominantly SF with a variety of sizes but is similar in both NCL and NCM neighborhoods due to the time period in which it was built. The majority of existing homes in east and west OT are less than 1500 square feet and 1 or 1 ½ stories high. It appears that the city is targeting lower income areas for redevelopment by designating those parts of OT as medium density zoning. POOTH supports elimination of NCM zoning to rezone all Old Town neighborhoods to NCL. 4. COMMENTS ON ACCESSORY DWELLING UNITS (ADUs) Where allowed, POOTH would like ADUs very strictly regulated. A. ADUs should only be allowed for full-time occupancy, not for short-term tourist housing POOTH members were unanimous in opposing the construction or addition of more short-term rentals (STRs) in our neighborhoods. City regulations should be amended to prohibit licensing of ADUs for STR usage. STR’s are commercial, tourist properties and do not provide the much needed, long-term, affordable housing our community desires. Since STR occupants are transient, using ADUs as tourist housing (STRs) will not contribute to the social sense of community of our neighborhoods. STR occupants are frequently insensitive to neighbors in regard to noise, lights, parking, privacy, and trash. B. Detached ADUs and so-called “carriage houses” should be allowed only on properties with owner occupied single-family homes POOTH members were also unanimous that ADUs should be retained in common ownership with the main house on the property and that the primary house be owner-occupied so that there is responsible management of the rental unit. C. Detached ADUs and “carriage houses” should not exceed 600 square feet in size and 25’ in height. POOTH strongly believes the ADUs should be “accessory” dwelling units which are subordinate in size and height to the primary home on the site and adjacent neighboring houses. The vast majority of the housing in Old Town is still one story or 1 ½ stories high. POOTH recommends the maximum interior space be 600 square feet and the building height allowed be no higher than 25’. ADUs should not loom over existing Old Town homes, affecting their light, privacy, and views. Their purpose should be to add more affordable, small, rental housing to our housing stock. D. Detached ADUs and “carriage houses” should be granted no variances on height, square footage, or set-backs Part of the neighborhood resistance to ADUs is because the city allows far too many variances, waivers, and modification of standards that make ADUs and other infill development incompatible with ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 33 6 neighboring structures. There would be more neighborhood support of code changes if the city did not routinely compromise its own standards. E. All ADUs, whether interior or detached, should be required to have at least one, off-street parking space. In many parts of Old Town, the homes have no driveways or garages and many have only a one-car garage. This causes many people to have to park on the street in front of their homes. With many families having 2-3 vehicles, parking space on the street can be very limited. Considering CSU student parking and 2-hour permit zones in much of OT, ADUs should be required to have at least one off-street parking space on the property. F. Incentivize the use of existing interior single-family home space for conversion to ADUs POOTH believes the best way to add truly affordable ADUs is to allow existing homeowners to convert existing, interior space or to build modest additions to their homes. This could provide income for owners and affordable housing for renters. ADUs that are within or attached to an owner-occupied SF home are more compatible in already developed areas because they would not change the architectural character and style of the neighborhoods. G. Interior ADUs should be allowed to have private exterior entrances. POOTH objects to the proposed standard that requires interior ADUs such as basement apartments to have interior entry doors and would like this requirement eliminated. A private exterior entry door on the side or back of the main residence provides more privacy to both the homeowner and the ADU residents. The city can also help minimize the cost of converting existing interior spaces to an ADU by requiring them to meet habitability standards, rather than all aspects of modern building codes. H. Increase the proposed lot size for an ADU from 4,500 square feet to at least 10,000 square feet The proposed LDC would allow a detached ADU or carriage house in the back or side of a 4500 square foot lot. This is entirely too small for two buildings and a garage. It largely eliminates green space or gardens and would likely increase the removal of large trees and landscaping. 5. COMMENTS ON PROPOSED OT BUILDING TYPES AND DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS The following are comments on some of the proposed standards on pages 2-10 through 2-16 and of the repealed LDC. A. Building Types POOTH reviewed the building types proposed for lots in Old Town NCL and NCM zones. We believe these zones are and should remain predominantly and appropriately single-family neighborhoods. We oppose the demolition of existing housing for redevelopment into duplexes, triplexes, apartment buildings or rowhouses in these areas. Well-regulated ADUs as described above should only be located on lots equal to or greater than 9,000 square feet. Many of the older long lots in Old Town are about 9000 square feet or larger and these are large enough to have a back ADU or carriage house with ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 34 7 sufficient open areas between buildings for gardens, lawns, patios and added privacy for each housing unit. POOTH strongly opposes allowing any detached ADUs, whether single story or carriage houses, on 4500 square foot lots. These lots are entirely too small for both a primary house and a separate ADU. B. Building Heights The Old Town Neighborhoods Plan inventoried housing in the NCM and NCL zones and the data shows the majority of houses are only 1 and 1 ½ stories high (approximately 13-25”). Because the existing housing stock is mostly under 2 stories high, we would like the maximum building height of new single- family houses, ADUs or additions to not exceed 25”. POOTH strongly opposes the proposed maximum height of 35’. New or remodeled homes that are 35’ high loom over their neighbors and negatively impact light and privacy, as well as the prized historic character and ambience of the Old Town neighborhoods. The OT neighborhoods have complained about the height of new construction since as far back as 2012 when the Old Town Neighborhoods Plan process was first initiated. C. Development Standards - Roofs POOTH supports the development standards that require primary entrances that face the street and the requirement for a front porch, landing or portico. However, in addition to these features, we would like the standards to mandate specific roof styles and prohibit others. POOTH also supports standards to mandate simple gabled or hipped roof styles and prohibition of other incompatible roof styles as seen from the street. This proposed standard would not apply to roofs in backyards that aren’t visible from the public right of way. We don’t support allowing more than 4-gables on new houses or additions because this design is often much more complex than what is most common within the Old Town Neighborhoods. (The Avery house is an exception to the rule.) This would mean that flat, shed, butterfly, skillion and slipped gable style roofs would be prohibited for street-facing buildings in the code. Right now, these types of roofs are discouraged in the Old Town Design Guidelines, but adherence to the Guidelines is voluntary and often completely ignored by architects and builders. POOTH members would like to have discussed more of the standards but were constrained by time. ITEM 3, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 35 Agenda Item 4 Item 4, Page 1 STAFF REPORT June 21, 2023 Historic Preservation Commission PROJECT NAME THE EMMA MALABY GROCERY PROPERTY AT 313 N. MELDRUM ST. - APPLICATION FOR FORT COLLINS LANDMARK DESIGNATION STAFF Yani Jones, Historic Preservation Planner PROJECT INFORMATION APPLICANT: Larimer County Historic Alliance, DBA Historic Larimer County (owner) PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This item is to consider the request for a recommendation to City Council for landmark designation of the Emma Malaby Grocery Property at 313 N. Meldrum St. COMMISSION’S ROLE AND ACTION: One of the Commission’s responsibilities is to provide a recommendation to City Council on applications for the designation of a property as a Fort Collins landmark. Chapter 14 of the Municipal Code provides the standards and process for designation. At the hearing, the Commission shall determine whether the following two criteria are satisfied: (1) the proposed resource is eligible for designation; and (2) the requested designation will advance the policies and the purposes for landmark preservation in a manner and extent sufficient to justify the requested designation. Following its review, and once the Commission feels it has the information it needs, the Commission should decide whether to recommend landmark designation to City Council and if so, adopt a motion providing the Commission’s recommendation on the property’s landmark eligibility to City Council. STAFF EVALUATION OF REVIEW CRITERIA STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE and EXTERIOR INTEGRITY The Emma Malaby Grocery Property is significant under Standards 1 (Events), 2 (Persons/Groups), 3 (Design/Construction), and 4 (Information Potential). Under Standard 1, this property represents two events/patterns in Fort Collins history: (1) the location of grocery stores within a residential setting prior to World War II; and (2) women’s history in business, through association with multiple women in the Collamer family, including Minerva Stoneburner and Emma Malaby and their sisters. Under Standard 2, this property is associated with notable early photographer G.T. Wilkins, who operated a photography studio out of the store building, as well as with the Collamer family, who have been involved in Fort Collins religious, social, and political life for well over a century. Under Standard 3, this property contains one of three remaining false-front stores in Fort Collins, a stacked-plank shed, one of only two remaining examples of stacked-plank construction in Fort Collins, and a rare example of a barn original to and remaining in the boundaries of Fort Collins’s original plat. Under Standard 4, because there is known to be a combined salvage yard and wood pile between the grocery building and barn, and because of the presence of a stone-lined well that was filled in prior to 1980, this property has the potential to yield historical archaeological information related to life in the early to mid-twentieth century. The Emma Malaby Grocery Property retains sufficient integrity to reflect its significance in all four areas. The store, Packet Pg. 36 Agenda Item 4 Item 4, Page 2 barn, and shed on the property vary in their level of integrity under each aspect, but they each retain enough integrity to contribute to the property’s significance. Although the store itself is not in its original location, its relocation is itself important to the history of the property; the other structures on this site were original to the site. The main design alterations to the store, the porch and the addition, are historic in their own right. The barn has had some elements, like door openings, filled with Celetex fiberboard, but its original form and structure remain. The stacked-plank shed has no known modifications. The setting of the G.T. Wilkins’s photography studio, the original business in the store building, has changed due to the relocation of the building in 1906 from North College Avenue to North Meldrum Street, but the setting around the property since that move has remained largely residential. Integrity of materials is fair on the grocery building due to exterior recladding on 3 elevations and the replacement of some windows and doors. But important features of the grocery building, like the storefront windows, are protected under plywood, and many other original materials, like the doors on the east elevation, do remain, and many replacement materials, like those on the porch, have been made in-kind. Although the structure of the barn remains, its doors have all been replaced or removed, and it has been reclad in hardboard sheets, diminishing its integrity of materials. The shed has excellent integrity of materials. Its roofing is original, made of flattened water heaters, for instance. Workmanship, especially evidence of labor in construction, is evident on all three buildings. The grocery retains its false front and wide porch and is situated among the barn and stacked-plank shed, so it continues to feel like an early twentieth-century grocery building. Finally, the association of the property with its history, the Collamer family and Wilkins is evident through the property’s integrity of design and workmanship, although association with Wilkins is lessened by the relocation of the building. ALIGNMENT WITH CITY CODE AND PURPOSE The designation of historic properties and the work of historic preservation promote the policies and purposes adopted by City Council for the City of Fort Collins. Landmark designation furthers the City’s goals of environmental, economic, and social sustainability. By continuing the use of an existing building and preserving the embodied energy of its existing materials, landmark designation is environmentally sustainable. The designation of historic properties also contributes to the City’s economic standing directly, through property, use, and sales taxes and revenues, and indirectly, through the promotion of heritage tourism. Furthermore, landmark designation encourages the continuation of private property ownership. The City’s cultural standing is also upheld because the preservation of the built environment helps residents and visitors tangibly gain a better understanding of our history and the diversity of people who shaped Fort Collins. Landmark designation enhances and perpetuates significant resources in the City through the protection and acknowledgement of those historic properties as well as through the financial incentives offered to landmark owners. Finally, the designation of historic properties also maintains and enhances the City’s aesthetics through the protection and recognition of significant local architecture and history, contributing to the promotion of good urban design and fostering civic pride in the beauty and accomplishments of the past. Taken together, these benefits of landmark designation help strengthen Fort Collins’s community and support our vision of a livable, sustainable city. (Municipal Code 14-1 and 14-2; City Plan) WORK SESSION REQUESTS FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION During the HPC work session held June 14, 2023, commissioners asked for the following information: 1. Was there a privy on site? (Commissioner Carlock) a. The applicant consulted the previous owner, Jim Burrill, who noted that the outhouse for 305 N. Meldrum St. was located near the back door of 313 N. Meldrum St. (where the driveway is), and so it would most likely be within the parcel boundary of the Emma Malaby Grocery Property. Information has been added to the nomination form and draft resolution under Standard 4 to reflect this. 2. The materials mention the Mercer Colony in relationship to the Collamer family. Can you provide some background information on the Mercer Colony? (Commissioner Nelsen) a. The applicant, Meg Dunn, will be providing this information during her presentation, which will be added to the record for this item. FINDINGS OF FACT AND RECOMMENDATION FINDINGS OF FACT: In evaluating the request for a recommendation to City Council regarding landmark designation for the Emma Malaby Grocery Property at 313 N. Meldrum St., staff make the following findings of fact: Packet Pg. 37 Agenda Item 4 Item 4, Page 3 1. That all owners of the Emma Malaby Grocery Property have consented in writing to this request for Fort Collins Landmark designation of the property; 2. That the Emma Malaby Grocery Property has significance to Fort Collins under Standards 1, 2, 3, and 4, as supported by the analysis provided in this staff report and accompanying nomination form; 3. That the Emma Malaby Grocery Property has integrity of Location, Setting, Design, Materials, Workmanship, Feeling, and Association sufficient to convey its significance as supported by the analysis provided in this staff report and the accompanying nomination form; 4. That the designation will advance the policies and purposes stated in the code in a manner and extent sufficient to justify the requested designation, as supported by the analysis provided in this staff report. RECOMMENDATION: Staff recommends that the Commission adopt a motion recommending to Council the landmark designation of the Emma Malaby Grocery Property. SAMPLE MOTIONS SAMPLE MOTION FOR APPROVAL: I move that the Historic Preservation Commission adopt a written resolution: • Recommending that City Council adopt an ordinance to designate the Emma Malaby Grocery Property at 313 N. Meldrum St. as a Fort Collins Landmark, finding that this property is eligible for its significance to Fort Collins under Standard 1 – Events, Standard 2 – Persons/Groups, Standard 3 – Design/Construction, and Standard 4 – Information Potential, as supported by the analysis provided in the staff report and presentation, the landmark nomination dated April 26, 2023, and ___[insert any additional rationale the Commission determines important to include]__; and • Recommending that the property clearly conveys this significance through integrity of Location, Setting, Design, Materials, Workmanship, Feeling, and Association to a sufficient degree to warrant the requested designation; and • Finding that the designation of this property will promote the policies and purposes of the City as specified in Chapter 14 of the Municipal Code. SAMPLE MOTION FOR DENIAL: I move that the Historic Preservation Commission not recommend that City Council adopt an ordinance to designate the Emma Malaby Grocery Property at 313 N. Meldrum St. as a Fort Collins Landmark, finding that this property is not eligible because of a lack of significance and/or the failure of the property to convey its significance through its integrity, and/or finding that the designation of this property will not promote the policies and purposes of the City as specified in Chapter 14 of the Municipal Code, and ___[insert any additional rationale the Commission determines important to include]__. ATTACHMENTS 1. Landmark Designation Application 2. Owner Acknowledgement 3. Draft HPC Resolution 4. Staff Presentation Packet Pg. 38 Historic Preservation Services Community Development & Neighborhood Services 281 North College Avenue P.O. Box 580 Fort Collins, CO 80522.0580 970.416.4250 preservation@fcgov.com fcgov.com/historicpreservation 1 Fort Collins Landmark Designation LOCATION INFORMATION Address: 313 N. Meldrum St., Fort Collins, CO 80521 Legal Description: Lot 3, Block 53, Fort Collins Property Name (historic and/or common): Emma Malaby Grocery OWNER INFORMATION Name: Company/Organization (if applicable): Larimer County Historic Alliance, DBA Historic Larimer County Phone: Email: meg@historiclarimercounty.org Mailing Address: PO Box 1909, Fort Collins, CO 80522 CLASSIFICATION Category Ownership Status Present Use Existing Designation Building Public Occupied Commercial Nat’l Register Structure Private Unoccupied Educational State Register Site Religious Object Residential District Entertainment Government Other Storage FORM PREPARED BY Name and Title: Meg Dunn Address: 720 W. Oak St., Fort Collins, CO 80521 Phone: 970-484-3777 Email: meg@historiclarimercounty.org Relationship to Owner: Vice President DATE: April 26, 2023 TYPE OF DESIGNATION and BOUNDARIES Individual Landmark Property Landmark District Explanation of Boundaries: ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 39 2 The boundaries of the property being designated as a Fort Collins Landmark correspond to the legal description of the property, above. The property (hereinafter the “Property”) consists of a wood frame false-front store with el-shaped shed addition, a stacked plank shed, a barn, and the land encompassing the boundaries of the lot including a filled-in well site. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE and INTEGRITY Properties are eligible for designation if they possess both significance and integrity. Significance is the importance of a site, structure, object or district to the history, architecture, archeology, engineering or culture of our community, State or Nation. For designation as Fort Collins Landmarks or Fort Collins Landmark Districts properties must meet one (1) or more of the following standards set forth in Fort Collins Municipal Code Section 14-22(a): Standard 1: Events This property is associated with events that have made a recognizable contribution to the broad patterns of the history of the community, State or Nation. It is associated with either (or both) of these two (2) types of events: a) A specific event marking an important moment in Fort Collins prehistory or history; and/or b) A pattern of events or a historic trend that made a recognizable contribution to the development of the community, State or Nation. The Emma Malaby Grocery on N. Meldrum is an excellent example of a historic neighborhood grocery located within a residential setting, which was a common pattern of development in Fort Collins up until World War II. This development pattern affected how people lived, shopped, and worked. It strengthened neighborhood bonds, enabled active modes of transportation, and enabled families to operate a business close to home. The Emma Malaby Grocery is an important example of women in business in Fort Collins’ early history. While Frank A. Collamer owned and ran the grocery business on N. Meldrum, it was his daughters – Emma, Mary Ellen, Minerva, Ruth, Effie May, and Laura – who ran the day-to-day operations. Around 1916/17, Frank and Achsah moved to Cherry and Grant, where Frank ran another neighborhood grocery. He gave the grocery on N. Meldrum to his daughter Minerva to run. After Minerva’s untimely death, the store became the property of Frank’s daughter Emma. Standard 2: Persons/Groups This property is associated with the lives of persons or groups of persons recognizable in the history of the community, State or Nation whose specific contributions to that history can be identified and documented. The Emma Malaby Grocery was originally the George T. Wilkins Photography Gallery. Wilkins was one of Fort Collins earliest photographers and, as such, captured the images of multiple early Fort Collins families including A. W. Scott, Henry Franz and family, and members of the Hottel family. Wilkins was not only an important early resident of Fort Collins, but through his photography business, he captured Fort Collins history through his camera lens. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 40 3 The Emma Malaby Grocery was also an important focal point within the history of the Collamer family. The Collamers ran multiple businesses out of the store including a grocery, a wood and coal business, a resale shop, a salvage yard, and an antique store. The fact that the building was moved onto the property also creates a strong connection with the Collamer family. On lots 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 along the 300 block on N. Meldrum, all of which once belonged to Frank Collamer, the house at 317 N. Meldrum, the house at 315 N. Meldrum, the store at 313 N. Meldrum, the house at 305 N. Meldrum, the house at 414 Maple (part of the 303 N. Meldrum lot), and the Dermody Transfer building (also on the 303 N. Meldrum lot) were moved from elsewhere. The stacked plank shed and barn both contain reused materials which were repurposed for building construction and repair. In keeping with the thrifty sensibilities which encouraged whole building reuse as noted above, material reuse was also common among Collamer family members, which is reflected in the materiality of these two structures. The Collamers have been actively involved in religious, social, and political life in Fort Collins for well over a century. The family arrived in 1870 as part of the Mercer Colony and were integral members of the community from that time through to the early twenty-first century. Standard 3: Design/Construction This property embodies the identifiable characteristics of a type, period or method of construction; represents the work of a craftsman or architect whose work is distinguishable from others by its characteristic style and quality; possesses high artistic values or design concepts; or is part of a recognizable and distinguishable group of properties. The Emma Malaby Grocery is one of only three remaining false-front storefronts in Fort Collins. It is also the last remaining wood frame building from “the triangle” (referring to its original location on N. College, within the triangle of “Old Town,” as described in the August 1, 1906 Fort Collins Weekly Courier). It is an excellent example of early construction methods in Fort Collins, and it represents the work, in both design and construction, of Hiram Pierce, an early Fort Collins contractor. The stacked-plank shed is one of only two remaining such examples of stacked-plank construction within Fort Collins. It is also an unusual example of this form of construction as stacked-plank construction was usually reserved for larger buildings that would be holding grain. The barn is an important example of outbuilding architecture for livestock, feed and wagons that includes an expansive open interior, a second floor loft, and exposed beams; and it is a particularly rare example that is original to, and remaining within, the boundaries of the original plat of Fort Collins Standard 4: Information Potential This property has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 41 4 The area between the Emma Malaby Grocery and the barn was, for several decades, a combined salvage yard and wood pile. The property therefore has potential to yield archaeological information from the early to mid-1900s as items may have dropped and been buried over the years. A stone-lined well is located between the store and the barn (about 8 feet east of the barn). It was filled in around the mid-1900s and may contain items of interest from that or former time periods. Additionally, the outhouse of 305 N. Meldrum St. was located near the back door of the store building at 313 N. Meldrum St. It is likely that this privy site is under the unpaved driveway that currently serves 305 N. Meldrum St., but which is within the parcel boundary of the Emma Malaby Grocery Property. In addition to their outhouse function, privy pits were historically used like trash receptacles, and so their excavation can uncover assemblages of broken dishware, construction material from building projects, and other types of household artifacts. The privy pit, should it be uncovered, is also likely to yield historical archaeological information related to life in the early to mid-twentieth century. Period of Significance is the discrete chronological period (or periods) during which a historic property gained its significance. Additions or alterations to a property that have significance in their own right can warrant the extension of a Period of Significance. Period(s) of Significance: 1881 - 1992 Integrity is the ability of a site, structure, object or district to be able to convey its significance. The integrity of a resource is based on the degree to which it retains all or some of seven (7) aspects or qualities set forth in Fort Collins Municipal Code Section 14-22(b): location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling and association. All seven qualities do not need to be present for a site, structure, object or district to be eligible as long as the overall sense of past time and place is evident. Standard 1: Location is the place where the resource was constructed or the place where the historic or prehistoric event occurred. Though the store does not stand in the same location where it was originally built, it still bears witness to its original use as a photography studio with the intact storefront, the large (though not original) window on the south elevation, and the currently covered skylight (the framing of which remains intact). The store has been in its present location since 1906, and all of the events and most of the people for which the site is significant are tied to its current location. The stacked plank shed and barn are in the location where they were constructed. Standard 2: Design is the combination of elements that create the form, plan space, structure and style of a resource. Based on early photos of the store when it was located at 146 N. College, the design of the false front store has been altered with the addition of a covered front porch and el- ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 42 5 shaped shed addition around the back and side of the building, both of which are now historic in their own right. The stacked plank shed retains a strong sense of its original design with no known modifications having been made to the structure. The barn retains its original form and structure, though some design elements such as two hay-loft doors; a south, human-sized door; and a north human-sized split door were filled in with Celetex fiberboard and the entire building was covered with hard board sheets of siding in 1992. Standard 3: Setting is the physical environment of a resource. Setting refers to the character of the place; it involves how, not just where, the resource is situated and its relationship to the surrounding features and open space. The setting of the original photography studio changed significantly when the structure was moved in 1906. The current setting of the grocery store remains largely residential, however the recent construction of a mixed-use building across the street does affect the setting somewhat. The house to the south of the grocery was brought in from Loveland in the early 2010s and is therefore not original to the neighborhood, but as it is residential in nature, it continues to help convey the original setting of the store. The setting of the stacked plank shed and barn remains intact as the new development is largely blocked by the store. Standard 4: Materials are the physical elements that form a resource. Cladding: Three elevations of the grocery and the entirety of the barn have non-original exterior cladding. The north and west elevations of the store (the el-shaped addition) was reclad with Ponderosa pine in 1988 to match the original, though the width of the tongue and groove boards differs somewhat from the original. The barn was covered in hard board sheets of siding in 1992. The original barn cladding may still be intact under the hard board sheets. Windows: The storefront windows on the Malaby store are intact but covered with plywood for protection. A few of the panes were replaced in 1988 with tempered glass. Windows on the front of the Woodyard Store (located in the northern side of the addition to the store) are covered with plexiglass storm windows and plywood has been installed behind the glass to block views into the building. The two windows on the north elevation of the building are in the same location as the original windows but are smaller than the originals. Fred Collamer installed wainscoting on the interior of the north-side of the addition and gaps in the wainscotting reveal the size and form of the original northside windows. The 12-light window on the south elevation of the store is not original. It replaced a larger 30 light window that had been significantly damaged due to water infiltration. Doors: All doors on the east elevation of the store are original. The doors on the south elevation of the store are replacements from the 80s. The human-sized door on the north elevation has been covered with plywood. And the large beadboard door on the north elevation of the store is original, though it has been reduced in size. About 1 foot width of door was removed and that area that the door previously covered now contains an electrical box that was added in the late 1980s. A piece of lumber was also added to the top of the door at that time. The door on the shed is original. The only original door ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 43 6 on the barn is now located on a shed at 315 N. Meldrum. All other doors were replaced or removed. The original openings are all evidenced by black Celetex applied on the interior of the building within the door openings (including the two door openings from the hayloft out to the alley). The main barn door on the east side was constructed of scrap materials from old Hewlett-Packard boxes in the 1980s. Roofs: The store has a wood shingle roof that is in bad shape. The shed has a wood plank roof covered with sheet metal taken from old water heaters and flattened out. This salvaged roofing material is original to the shed. The barn has a non-original asphalt roof which replaced a wood shingle roof. The east side of the barn roof has a plywood underlayment, while the west side is of OSU board. Additional Notes: The porch on the store has had material replaced over time, but all were in-kind replacements. The southern uncovered porch extension was removed at an unknown date (prior to 1954). The original entrance steps to the Woodyard Store entrance rotted out and were replaced in the early 1990s with wood from pallets scavenged from HP (Hewlett Packard). The protruding cornice originally on the eastern elevation of the building was removed at an unknown date.) Standard 5: Workmanship is the physical evidence of the crafts of a particular culture or people during any given period in history or prehistory. It is the evidence of artisans' labor and skill in constructing or altering a building, structure or site. The store exhibits clear evidence of labor in constructing and historic altering of the building. The false front and covered front porch are the most distinct examples of workmanship on the Malaby store. The el-shaped shed addition indicates the labor of an owner expanding commercial space in order to accommodate a second business out of the same location. Physical evidence of workmanship on the barn is visible primarily from the interior of the building where the original framing can be seen. The stacked plank shed clearly exhibits workmanship in style of construction, reuse of materials on the roof, and the handmade door. Standard 6: Feeling is a resource’s expression of the aesthetic or historic sense of a particular time. It results from the presence of physical features that, taken together, convey the resource's historic or prehistoric character. The Emma Malaby Grocery strongly conveys a feeling of early Fort Collins due to its battlement front, welcoming covered porch, and historic storefront entrance. The relationship of the store, the shed, the barn, and the surrounding Collamer properties (at 303, 305, and 315 N. Meldrum) also add to the sense of history and historic use of this property Standard 7: Association is the direct link between an important event or person and a historic or prehistoric resource. A resource retains association if it is the place where the event or activity occurred and is sufficiently intact to convey that relationship to an observer. Like feeling, association requires the presence of physical features that convey a property's historic character. Though the store and barn have both been slightly altered over time, they still retain a significant level of integrity indicative of multiple family businesses having been operated out of this lot. In fact, one could argue that the changes over time, especially the reuse of salvaged parts and the do-it-yourself improvements and repairs, are in keeping with a ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 44 7 family that valued thrift and self-sacrifice. In this sense, all three structures, as well as possible archaeological finds, all speak strongly of the hard-working Collamer family that has used and maintained this property since 1906. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 45 8 HISTORICAL INFORMATION Before the subdivision of the land by the government of the United States, both the parcel located at 313 N. Meldrum Street, where the Emma Malaby Grocery is currently located, as well as the parcel at 146 N. College Avenue, where the building was constructed and resided for twenty-five years, was under the sovereign domain of Indigenous Peoples, most notably the Arapaho and Cheyenne Nations. In addition, the Sioux, Comanche, Ute, Kiowa, and Pawnee ranged through the area with some regularity. In 1864, after a flood washed out the military camp located in what is now Laporte, a new military camp was set up 4 miles downstream. On November 14, 1864, President Abraham Lincoln and Acting Secretary of the Interior, W. T. Otto, signed the document formalizing the reservation of the land for military use. The two parcels listed above resided within the 6,168.92 acres of military reservation that was set aside for the use of Fort Collins. When the military reservation was formally decommissioned and opened for settlement on May 15, 1872, the land was sold in large parcels. These property owners then deeded their holdings to the Larimer County Land Improvement Company in return for stock in the company. Sarah E. Eddy purchased lot 13, block 18 (now known as 146 N. College Avenue) on July 17, 1873 from the Larimer County Land Improvement Company according to the “Emma Malaby Grocery History Project.” George T. Wilkins, a local photographer, purchased the lot from Eddy on January 28, 1881 for $300.00. On February 3, 1881, The Express included a short article about Wilkins’ new building, saying: “G. T. Wilkins, the photographer, will commence this week to erect a frame building just north of the one now occupied by By. Allen. It will be forty feet by twenty-two, and constructed on a plan suited to the photographing business. The front part will be used as a reception room, and the rear will be fitted up as a work room. New furniture and modern appliances are to be added, and nothing will be omitted that can help to make this gallery one of the best in the state.” Another article in the Fort Collins Courier on the same day stated: “Mr. Hiram Pierce has just completed plans for an art gallery to be built for Wilkins, the photographer, on College avenue. The building will be 22x45, one eleven foot story in height, with battlement front. The front is to be finished after a very neat design, and when completed will present a pleasing appearance. Mr. Pierce has the contract for completing the entire building.” On February 10th, The Express announced that the foundation had been laid and the building would be 45x25 feet. Construction progressed quickly, and by the last week of March, George Wilkins, his wife Emma, and their ten-year-old daughter, Clara, moved into the building, both to work and to live. An attempted burglary on June 16th of that same year involved two men peering in from their back porch. Mr. Wilkins chased the men down College Avenue (despite only being partially dressed) and slept with a large revolver at the ready from then on until the family moved to a residence on Myrtle Street in April 1882. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 46 9 The December 22, 1881 Fort Collins Courier, in listing all of the new buildings that had been constructed in town that year, included Wilkins’ building stating, “Photograph gallery and residence for G. T. Wilkins on College avenue, costing $1,000.” The earliest listed address for the property was given as 442 N. College Avenue. The December 13, 1881 Daily Express announced that the windows on Wilkin’s “photograph gallery” had been blown in by the wind. They had to be boarded up and the glass was later replaced. They were blown out again in March 1886. Wilkins sold his store to Thomas Quinn for $1,000 in August 1896 and moved his photography shop to the Commercial House block. It is unknown how Thomas Quinn used the building during his ownership, and in December of 1899 he sold the property to Ben Whedbee for $1,200. The first mention of a tenant in the Wilkins building is from a June 5, 1900, Weekly Courier article stating that Mrs. Shipley was opening a millinery shop. Later advertisements for the millinery list the address as 148 N. College Ave., which matches a change in numbering along College Avenue indicated in the 1901 Sanborn Map. According to Collamer family lore, Mary Ellen Collamer worked for Mrs. Victoria Ann Shipley in her millinery shop when it was in this building. She later married Shipley’s son, Rolly, in 1904. Mary Ellen Shipley was the daughter of Frank Algerine and Achsah Alice Collamer. The October 24, 1900 Weekly Courier announced that, “The Misses St Clair of Iowa have purchased the millinery stock of Mrs. V. A. Shipley and have taken possession of the same and will continue to do business at the present location until another suitable room can be found.” So Shipley’s business didn’t last long in the Wilkins building. On April 6th, 1900, Frank A. Collamer (the father of Mary Ellen Shipley) purchased the lot at 313 N. Meldrum. It appears to have been a vacant lot at the time. The 1902, 1903, 1904, and 1906 City Directories list Elizabeth and Nettie St. Clair as milliners that both lived and worked at 148 N. College Ave. In August of 1906, the St. Clairs moved their millinery business to 122 S. College Ave. A new bank building was announced on June 27, 1906 in the Weekly Courier: “The Commercial Bank and Trust company has purchased the Whedbee lot on North College avenue, located adjacent to the new Barkley block, on which is one of the oldest frame buildings in the city. ‘We have made the purchase and will put up a block just as soon as possible, said President Clark. We can't get possession of the property for four weeks. The matter is in the hands of a committee which is having sketches made by the architect. I am unable to say just what kind of a structure will be decided upon.’” The transaction took place in early July, with the Commercial Bank and Trust Company buying the lot from Ben Whedbee for $6,500. They weren’t interested in the wood structure, however. The sale of the building was announced the following month: “Frank Collamer has bought the old frame structure on the Whedbee lot, N. College avenue, recently purchased by the Commercial Bank and Trust company. Mr. Collamer is ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 47 10 preparing to move the house to the northwest part of town, it being the only frame building in the triangle. The lot will be used for the immediate erection of a one story brick and stone building, which the bank will use exclusively for its business.” (August 1, 1906, Fort Collins Weekly Courier.) According to Ruth (Collamer Burrill) Dermody (in an interview with City staff, David Ayers, in 1984), the foundation was built for the store by a Mr. Hartline, which may have been Clarence Henry Hartline, a lodger that was listed as living with Fred P. Collamer and family in Laporte in the 1920 census. It was made of whitestone taken from a quarry at the mouth of Rist Canyon and hauled back to Fort Collins by horse-drawn wagon. According to Art Collamer, who would have been 14 years old at the time, the building was moved with a sturdy cable wrapped repeatedly around the building and attached to a single horse. A series of logs were placed under the structure and the horse pulled it across the rollers. A block and tackle were used so that for every 10 feet that the horse moved, the store would move one foot. It was a long process which took about two weeks to complete. The new home of the store was 313 N. Meldrum St. This residential area is within the original Fort Collins plat. Additionally, during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a small community of Black/African American residents lived in this Meldrum Street area around Cherry and Maple Streets. For example, in 1906, Harkless Hicks and his children lived across the street from this property, at 310 N. Meldrum St.; his wife, Hattie, passed away just a few months before the grocery building was moved across the street from their home. Harkless continued to live directly across from the grocery building until about 1919, when he moved just next door with his second wife, Josie. It is unknown whether Black/African American neighbors, like Harkless, in this area shopped at the Collamer family’s grocery store at 313 N. Meldrum St., but it is a possibility. The former photography gallery and millinery was opened as the Frank Collamer Grocery in early 1907. The neighborhood store carried hay, feed, coal, and wood, along with typical grocery items such as flour, sugar, and cigars. Collamer added a full length covered front porch at this time. The porch included a un- covered southern extension that was later removed. Built-in seating was added to the porch either before, or around the time of, the 1916 addition. Signage was also painted on the façade, over the roof of the porch, which said, “Frank Collamer. Grocery. Hay, Grain, Flour, Feed, & Wood.” For a very brief time in 1907, Frank A. Collamer sold his grocery business to Messrs. W. E. Robinson and Grate. Collamer had run a cash & carry system, but Robinson and Grate allowed purchases on credit. The business quickly failed and Collamer purchased the store and all its contents right back from them and went back to requiring cash for all payments. An el-shaped addition was constructed around the west and north sides of the store in 1916, about the same time that the barn was built behind the store. According to Frank A. Collamer’s great-grandson, Jim Burrill, it’s likely that Frank Collamer hired help to construct the addition and barn. The addition became the Woodyard Store, run by Frank A. Collamer’s son, Fred. At some point the word “Woodyard” was painted on the eastern end of the addition. It was around this same time that Frank Collamer moved to 801 Cherry, where he ran another neighborhood grocery. He put his daughter Minerva Stoneburner (whose husband, Irwin R. Stoneburner had died in January 1914 of an unfortunate train accident) in charge of the N. Meldrum store, but the sign ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 48 11 over the store remained the “Frank Collamer Grocery.” Minerva was remarried to James Carlon on September 24, 1919. But in February of 1921, James killed Minerva and then himself. Following Minerva’s death, Frank Collamer gave the store to another of his daughters, Emma Malaby. Emma repainted the sign over the top of the store, renaming it the Emma Malaby Grocery. Emma Malaby ran the grocery store, and for a time a resale business as well out of the back addition, until 1943. At the age of 63, she shut down her business and had the building boarded up. It remained unused for several decades. Emma Malaby passed away September 19, 1967. The property passed on to her brother, Art Collamer. On December 1, 1980, Art Collamer gave 313 N. Meldrum to his sister, Ruth Dermody. On December 22, 1986, Ruth gave the property to her son, Art Burrill. Ruth passed away the following week at the age of 91. Art Burrill gave the property to his son, Jim Burrill, in January 1987. Jim and his wife Carol opened an antique store in the building in 1989. They named it Emma Malaby Antiques. It operated until 1992. The Burrills received a Friend of Preservation award from the City of Fort Collins Landmark Preservation Commission in 1991 for rehabilitation work they had done on the building and for restoring it to life with the antique shop. The building has primarily been used for storage since that time. In 2014, the building was used as a backdrop in a small, locally made movie called “Forget Me Not,” by Christopher McKee. A trailer for the movie can be viewed at https://vimeo.com/105061660 Ownership Chronology The land was initially under the sovereign control of the Arapaho and Cheyenne People. It was reserved as a military installation on November 14, 1864. The military reservation was decommissioned on May 15, 1872. (Marmor, Jason. “Historical Contexts for the Old Fort Site, Fort Collins, Colorado, 1864-2002.”) Andrew Cowan owned the land upon which block 53 would later be platted. Cowan deeded the property to the Larimer County Land Improvement Company. (HistoryGeo.com. Fort Collins Courier, July 27, 1878) George T. Wilkins purchased Lot 13, Block 18 on January 28, 1881. (David W. Ayers, City of Fort Collins, City Planning Division, in the research project entitled “Emma Malaby Grocery History Project.” Summer 1984.) “Real Estate Transfers. Geo. T. Wilkins to Thos. Quinn, lot 13, block 18, Fort Collins; $1,000.” (Fort Collins Courier, August 27, 1896) “Thomas Quinn to B. T. Whedbee, lot 13, elk 18, Fort Collins; $1,200.” (Weekly Courier, December 7, 1899) “B. T. Whedbee to Commercial Bank and Trust Co., lot 13, block 18, Fort Collins; $6,500.” (Weekly Courier, July 4, 1906) “Frank Collamer has bought the old frame structure on the Whedbee lot, N. College avenue, recently purchased by the Commercial Bank and Trust company. Mr. Collamer is preparing to move the house to the northwest part of town, it being the only frame building in the triangle. The lot will be used for the ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 49 12 immediate erection of a one story brick and stone building, which the bank will use exclusively for its business.” (Weekly Courier, August 1, 1906) “F P Stover treas to J Sickman lot 10 blk 96 Harrison add Ft Collins, also.......... lot 3 blk 53 Fort Collins” (Loveland Reporter, June 25, 1891) “Lottie E. Davy to F. A. Collamer, lot 3 block 53, Fort Collins; $50.” (Weekly Courier, April 12, 1900) Information on the property passing from Frank A. Collamer to Emma Malaby, from Emma Malaby to Art Collamer, from Art Collamer to Ruth Dermody, from Ruth Dermody to Art Burrill, and from Art Burrill to Jim Burrill came from several interviews with Jim Burrill during the winter of 2022/23. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 50 13 ARCHITECTURAL INFORMATION Construction Date: Grocery: March 1881, Grocery Addition and Barn: 1916, Shed: unknown. Architect/Builder: Grocery: Hiram Pierce, Grocery Addition and Barn: Frank Collamer and hired hands, Shed: Fred Collamer. Building Materials: Wood and reused materials (including sheet metal peeled off of old water heaters) Architectural Style & Type: Grocery: False-front store - one-story building with battlement front and covered porch. Grocery Addition: Shed roof el-shaped addition. Barn: Barn. Shed: Stacked plank shed. Description: Emma Malaby Grocery The Emma Malaby Grocery at 313 N. Meldrum began its life at 442 College Avenue. The building was designed and constructed by Hiram Pierce as a photography gallery for George T. Wilkins. Plans were drawn up the last week of February in 1881. Construction began the following week and the family moved into the shop to live and work at the end of March of that same year. The wood frame building is one-story (11 feet) in height, 45 feet long and 25 feet wide (59 feet x 36 feet, including the el-shaped addition). The front gable roof is hidden behind a battlement front, with the peak of the roof included as part of the battlement design, creating a notable triangular feature atop the typical false-storefront style façade. The building included a back porch, but nothing is known regarding the size nor style of this feature on the building as it was later removed. The storefront is made up of two 2 over 2 windows that extend from ceiling to about 2-feet above the floor. A decorative wood panel is framed beneath each window. The entrance is centered between the windows with roof supports between window and door. The entrance consists of two doors. Each door contains two lites, 1 over 1, with a wood panel at the bottom. A two lite, operable transom window extends horizontally over the doors. Two chimneys protrude from the apex of the roof. One is just front of center on the original store building and the second is at the very back of the original store building. The building was moved from its College Avenue location in 1906 (at which point it was addressed as 148 N. College Avenue) to its current location at 313 N. Meldrum. It was installed upon a whitestone foundation. An exterior entrance to the basement, with a concrete wall added between the stairs and the basement, was added in the late 1980s by Jim Burrill on the south side of the building. At that time, a concrete pad was also poured to better support the furnace in the store. The basement does not extend the full east-west length of the store and does not extend under the 1916 addition. An 8-feet deep, full length covered porch supported by four 4 x 4 posts evenly spaced along the east elevation was added early on – perhaps soon after the move. An uncovered section of the porch extended to the south, but that was later removed. There are two person-sized doors and a 12-lite window along the south elevation of the store. The westernmost door was added with the addition in 1916. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 51 14 It has been assumed that the window (which was once larger and contained 30 lites) was a feature used by G. T. Wilkins, the photographer, and therefore would have dated to 1881. Unfortunately, there are no photos of that side of the store from when it was located on N. College Avenue to confirm the presence of the window from that time period. Jim Burrill says that when he altered the window from 30-lites to 12 in the late ‘80s, there was some indication that the window had already been modified. There was a seam in the siding and it wasn’t tight against the window. The 12-lite window was acquired from A1 Salvage. It is unknown whether the entrance to the east of the window is original or was added soon after the move. It’s possible the opening is original. The 1895 Sanborn Map shows no building to the north of Wilkins Photography Studio. The 1901 Sanborn map shows that the photography studio had become a millinery and another photographer’s studio had been built next door. The building includes a skinny addition between the two structures that fronts College Avenue and extends to just about where the side entrance would have been located. It’s possible the addition stopped just short of the entrance. The door now located in the southern entrance on the Emma Malaby Grocery was replaced in the late 1980s due to significant water damage along that side of the building caused by encroaching trees. The water damage also led to the 30-lite window being removed, reduced in sized, and remade as a 12-lite window. In 1916, an el-shaped, shed-roofed addition was added along the north and west elevations of the grocery. The northern portion of the addition extends about 14 feet from the grocery and has a separate entrance on the east elevation. The front door is flanked by square windows. Wooden steps extend from the ground to the door. And for unknown reasons, a metal hand hold was installed on the right side of the door framing, level with the doorknob, which is on the left side of the door. Along the north elevation are two windows and two doors, in that order from east to west. The original size of the windows will require some interior excavation to ascertain, but the locations are the same. The person-sized door and larger door are both located next to each other on the west side of the northern wall. It’s unknown whether the entrances are original or were added over time as the building was used. The person-sized door has been covered with plywood. The larger, bead-board door was reduced in size by one foot around 1977 after someone tried to break into the building and damaged it. The area where the door was reduced was filled in and an electrical box is now located there. A board was also added to the top of the door to strengthen it at that time. The west elevation of the addition extends about 15 feet from the back of the grocery building. It has no openings. The siding on the east elevation of the building is original. The siding on the north and west elevations of the building was replaced in 1988 with ponderosa pine from the Forks Lumber Company. The material is the same, or very similar, to the original, though it might be slightly different in width. The siding along the south elevation of the building was badly damaged by encroaching trees and replaced in 1987/88 with a different material. At some point, after the addition was added but before the 1960s or 70s, the cornice that extended slightly forward of the front of the building was removed. [I just now noticed that it even existed! I was looking at a photo of the building on N. College and it looks like there were ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 52 15 brackets on either side with a protruding cornice and *possibly* some sort of decorative dental bits in there. See the first pic shown below.] Barn The barn was built in 1916, around the same time as the addition to the grocery. It is 32 feet by 28 feet. There were originally three entrances to the building: a sliding door on the east elevation in the same location as the current door, a split door on the north elevation, and a person-sized door on the south elevation. The sliding door was removed (possibly stolen) and eventually replaced with two doors that swing out from center. They were made from pallets acquired from Hewlett Packard. The north door was removed, and plywood was screwed over the opening. And the door on the south elevation was covered over. Celetex was used to fill the entrances and is visible from the inside, thereby indicating where the entrances were. The barn also had two doors on the second story that opened out over the alley. they were removed and covered over with siding. Celetex on the interior of the building indicates their former location. Stacked Plank Shed The stacked plank shed was built by Fred Collamer, son of Frank A. Collamer. The shed roof is made of wood planks covered with sheet metal off of old water heaters. Fred Collamer would pull the skin off of the water heater and flatten it before applying it to the roof. He would then salvage the remainder of the water heater. The door on the shed is original and was also made by Fred Collamer. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 53 16 REFERENCE LIST or SOURCES of INFORMATION “Emma Malaby Grocery History Project,” by David W. Ayers, City of Fort Collins Planning Division, Summer 1984. 5 April 1883, Fort Colins Courier 27 August 1896, Fort Collins Courier 8 Oct 1896, Fort Collins Courier December 7, 1899, Fort Collins Express Fort Collins City Directories Ancestry.com for information on ages of the Wilkins family and the Collamer family. Interviews with Jim Burrill over a period of several years, including more intensive discussions of the building’s architectural history in 2022. Marmor, Jason. “Historical Contexts for the Old Fort Site, Fort Collins, Colorado, 1864-2002,” prepared for the City of Fort Collins Advance Planning Department. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 54 17 MAPS and PHOTOGRAPHS Maps Original and current locations of the Emma Malaby Grocery are indicated in red. The original location was from 1906 and prior. The store has been in its current location since 1906. The map includes N. Whitcomb at the far left, showing the western extent of the original plat of Fort Collins. (Larimer County Assessor Map) ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 55 18 Immediate context of the Emma Malaby Grocery. The residential character of Block 53 (west of N. Meldrum) remains largely intact, though some uses have changed. The residential character of Block 43 (east of N. Meldrum) has changed with four developments including multi-family, mixed-use, and commercial uses, though some early residential single-family homes remain. (Larimer County Assessor Map) ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 56 19 The Emma Malaby Store, stacked-plank shed, and barn are all part of a larger Collamer complex of properties that, for more than a century, have been made up of Lots 1, 2, 3, and 4 on Block 53. (Lots 5-8 were also, at one time, part of the family complex.) (Modified image created by overlaying a screenshot from Google Maps.) ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 57 20 Images of the Buildings and Landscape – present day East Elevation of the Emma Malaby Grocery. Photo by Meg Dunn. Close-up of the detailed kick-plate on the east elevation of the Emma Malaby Grocery. Photo by Meg Dunn. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 58 21 Entrance to the Woodyard on the east elevation of the Emma Malaby Grocery. Photo by Meg Dunn. Window to the left/south of the Woodyard front entrance. Photo by Meg Dunn. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 59 22 Front door to the Woodyard addition on the east elevation of the Emma Malaby Grocery. Photo by Meg Dunn. Right/north window on the Woodyard front entrance. Photo by Meg Dunn. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 60 23 The south elevation of the 1916 addition to the Emma Malaby Grocery. The 12-lite window and entrance on the south side of the Emma Malaby Grocery. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 61 24 South elevation of the Emma Malaby Grocery. Photo by Meg Dunn. South and East elevations of the Emma Malaby Grocery. Photo by Meg Dunn. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 62 25 Close-up of foundation along south elevation. Photo by Meg Dunn. The north side of the Emma Malaby Grocery/Woodyard. Photo by Meg Dunn. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 63 26 Two entrances on the north elevation of the Woodyard addition. Photo by Meg Dunn. West elevation of the Emma Malaby Grocery showing the 1916 shed addition and 1881 rear gable end. Stacked-plank shed shown at left. Photo by Meg Dunn. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 64 27 The west and south elevations of the Emma Malaby Grocery. The 1916 shed addition is seen in brown and the 1881 store is in white. Photo by Meg Dunn. The north and west elevations of the 1916 shed addition (also known as the Woodyard) of the Emma Malaby Grocery. The stacked-plank shed can just barely be seen at right. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 65 28 Interior photo of the Emma Malaby Grocery. Photo by Meg Dunn. Interior photo of the Emma Malaby Grocery. Photo by Meg Dunn. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 66 29 Interior photo of the Emma Malaby Grocery. Photo by Meg Dunn. Interior photo of the Emma Malaby Grocery. Photo by Meg Dunn. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 67 30 Interior photo of the Emma Malaby Grocery. Photo by Meg Dunn. Interior photo from within the 1916 Woodyard addition looking south towards the original store. There appears to have originally been three windows along the south (now north) elevation of the original structure. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 68 31 East and north elevations of the stacked plank shed. East elevation of the stacked plank shed. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 69 32 South elevation of the stacked plank shed. Adjacent shed is no longer on the property. North elevation of the stacked plank shed. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 70 33 West elevation of the stacked-plank shed. The east elevation of the Collamer Barn. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 71 34 The south elevation of the Collamer Barn. The west elevation of the Collamer Barn as it looks from the alley. The Emma Malaby Grocery can be seen in the background at right. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 72 35 The north elevation of the Collamer Barn. The view is partially blocked by sheds on the neighboring property (Lot 4). Closeup view of the north elevation of the Collamer Barn including plywood entrance cover. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 73 36 Inside the Collamer Barn. Inside the Collamer Barn. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 74 37 Plywood covers the stone-lined well. The mound of dirt in the background is from the excavation of the basement for the house located at 305 N. Meldrum (seen at right). The Emma Malaby Grocery can be seen behind the tree and dirt mound. The east elevation of the Collamer Barn with the covered well in front. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 75 38 Close up of well covers in proximity to the east side of the Collamer Barn. Close up of stone-lined well. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 76 39 Historic images in mostly chronological order. Mrs. Emma (Church) and Mr. George T. Wilkins, original owners and inhabitants of the store. The I mages are from the Archive at the Fort Collins Museum of Discovery, H06878W and H06879W. The ad on the left for G. T. Wilkins, Photographer, is from the Fort Collins Courier, July 7, 1881. The ad at right is from the Rocky Mountain Collegian, December 1, 1891. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 77 40 This image from the Archive at the Fort Collins Museum of Discovery (H02173) is the earliest known photo that includes the Emma Malaby Grocery while it was located on N. College. The distinctive cornice-line with its central point is visible among the line of buildings at right. The Archive states that this photo is from between 1881 and 1885. The Emma Malaby Grocery is shown at 442 College Avenue when it was a photography studio in this closeup from the 1886 Sanborn map. The Sanborn Map was accessed through the Library of Congress. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 78 41 This photo of the Emma Malaby Grocery when it was located on N. College is from the collection of Wayne Sundberg. It shows an extending cornice and possibly some ornamentation just beneath. The two over two windows flanking a double entrance with 1 over 1 lites in the doors topped by a two lite transom are clearly visible. The photo was taken between 1900-1906 as Alexander McDougall moved his tailor shop into the former residence to the south in 1896 and Logan Clark added his shoe shop in July1900 (see shoe sign at southern edge of building at right). ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 79 42 The Emma Malaby Grocery, when it was being used as a millinery shop on N. College Ave., can be seen in context in this photo from the Archive at the Fort Collins Museum of Discovery (H16724). The distinctive peak on the façade is visible just to the right of the middle electrical pole. At the very far right is what appears to be a portion of the Avery Block (where the Town Pump is located). The Avery Block was built 1897 with much of the building standing only one story tall. A second story was added in 1902/3. So this photo can be dated to between 1897- 1902. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 80 43 This photo from the collection of Jim Burrill is from about 1907. It shows the front porch that had been added to the store after the move as well as the uncovered extension of the porch to the south/left. From left to right are: Lenox cardboard lady advertisement, Emma Collamer Malaby, Minerva Collamer Stoneburner, Effie Collamer Ayres, Achsah Alice Hulse Collamer, Frank B. Collamer, Ruth Collamer Burrill Dermody standing on the step, and baby Laura Collamer Vermilya Rutherford sitting on the bottom step. Laura was born in March 1905 and looks to be about 2 or 3 in this image, thereby dating it to 1907/8. This image is also in the Archive at FCMoD, H25132. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 81 44 Minerva Collamer Stoneburner Carlon stands on the porch in this undated photo that includes the 1916 addition, the southern porch extension, and an added board on the porch (at left) for customer seating. Minerva was murdered in 1921 by her husband, James Carlon, which dates this photo to between 1916 and 1921. The photo is from the collection of Jim Burrill. This 1954 photo of the grocery is from the Jim Burrill collection. Note the change in signage with “Emma Malaby Grocery” replacing “Frank Collamer. Grocery. Hay, Grain, Flour, Feed & Wood.” “Woodyard” had also been added to the front of the addition. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 82 45 The grocery in 1969. Image from the Archive at the Fort Collins Museum of Discovery, 313mel69. Photo by George Post, circa 1972. Additional text under “Woodyard” says “Transfer” then below that is “Coal, Hay & Grain”. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 83 46 The photo used in this Coloradoan article from August 4, 1976 appears to be the same shown above, taken by George Post. The newspaper image is via Newspapers.com. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 84 47 This undated photo is of the salvage yard once located behind the Emma Malaby Grocery. The photographer is standing roughly on the property line between 305 and 313 N. Meldrum with the store to the right (out of the photo) and the barn to the left (also out of the photo). The gambrel roofed house seen in the background is located at 329 N. Meldrum. One of two Cache la Poudre School buses that Frank Collamer acquired after the school district no longer had use for them is shown at left. One of the busses is now the property of Historic Larimer County. The other was used to make a back addition to the house just one lot to the north of the Emma Malaby Grocery. This undated photo of the back (west) side of the grocery shows one of the Cache La Poudre School busses, the original siding on the building and addition, and the trees that were encroaching on the building on the south side that caused damage to the exterior wall and 30- lite window. Photo from the Jim Burrill collection. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 85 48 Carol and Jim Burrill stand on the porch of the Emma Malaby Antique Store in 1989. (Photo from Jim Burrill.) This photo by Jonathan Held was taken in 1995. Image is from the Archive at the Fort Collins Museum of Discovery, H15762. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 86 49 The Emma Malaby Grocery as it looked in April 2007. Photo by Meg Dunn. The Emma Malaby Grocery on July 1, 2021. Photo by Meg Dunn. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 87 50 Filming of the movie “Forget Me Not” in 2014. Photo from Jim Burrill. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 88 ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 89 1 RESOLUTION 5, 2023 OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION RECOMMENDING LANDMARK DESIGNATION OF THE EMMA MALABY GROCERY PROPERTY, 313 N. MELDRUM ST., AS A FORT COLLINS LANDMARK PURSUANT TO CHAPTER 14 OF THE CODE OF THE CITY OF FORT COLLINS WHEREAS, it is a matter of public policy that the protection, enhancement and perpetuation of sites, structures, objects, and districts of historic, architectural, archeological, or geographic significance, located within the city, are a public necessity and are required in the interest of the prosperity, civic pride and general welfare of the people; and WHEREAS, it is the opinion of the City Council that the economic, cultural and aesthetic standing of this City cannot be maintained or enhanced by disregarding the historic, architectural, archeological and geographical heritage of the City and by ignoring the destruction or defacement of cultural assets; and WHEREAS, the Emma Malaby Grocery Property, located at 313 N. Meldrum St. in Fort Collins (the “Property”) is eligible for Landmark designation for the Property’s significance to Fort Collins under Standard 1 – Events, Standard 2 – Persons/Groups, Standard 3 – Design/Construction, and Standard 4 – Information Potential, contained in City Code Section 14- 22(a): and retaining sufficient historic integrity of Location, Setting, Design, Materials, Workmanship, Feeling, and Association, as described in City Code Section 14-22(b); and WHEREAS, the Historic Preservation Commission has determined that the Property meets the criteria of a landmark as set forth in Section l4-22 of the code and is eligible for designation as a Fort Collins Landmark; and WHEREAS, the owner of the Property nominated the Property and consents to landmark designation of the Property. NOW, THEREFORE, be it resolved by the Historic Preservation Commission of the City of Fort Collins as follows: Section 1. That the Historic Preservation Commission adopts and incorporates the foregoing recitals as findings of fact and: 1.That the designation of this Property will advance the City of Fort Collins’s Policies and Purposes for Historic Preservation; and 2.That the Property is significant under Standard 1 – Events, because it represents two events/patterns in Fort Collins history: (1) the location of grocery stores within a residential setting prior to World War II; and (2) women’s history in the area of business through association with ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 3 Packet Pg. 90 City of Fort Collins Historic Preservation Commission Resolution No. 5, 2023 2 multiple women in the Collamer family who ran a business at this location, including Minerva Stoneburner and Emma Malaby, along with their sisters; and 3. That the Property is significant under Standard 2 – Persons/Groups, because it is associated with notable early photographer G.T. Wilkins, who operated a photography studio out of the store building, as well as with the Collamer family, who have been involved in Fort Collins religious, social, and political life for well over a century; and 4. That the Property is significant under Standard 3 – Design/Construction, because it contains one of three remaining false-front stores in Fort Collins, a stacked-plank shed, one of only two remaining examples of stacked-plank construction in Fort Collins, and a rare example of a barn original to and remaining in the boundaries of Fort Collins’s original plat; and 5. That the Property is significant under Standard 4 – Information Potential, because it has potential to yield historical archaeological information related to the early to mid-twentieth century due to the known original location of a combined salvage yard and wood pile between the grocery building and barn, a stone-lined well that was filled in prior to 1980, and a likely privy site at the south edge of the property; and 6. That the Property retains a preponderance of integrity to convey its significance under the following aspects: Location, Setting, Design, Materials, Workmanship, Feeling, and Association; and 7. That the owner’s desire to protect this historic Property and its resources will be furthered by the Property’s status as a Fort Collins Landmark and the accompanying protections and review mechanisms designation confers; and Section 2. That the Property located in the City of Fort Collins, Larimer County, Colorado, described as follows, to wit: LOT 3, BLOCK 53, FORT COLLINS ALSO KNOWN BY STREET AND NUMBER AS 313 N. MELDRUM ST., CITY OF FORT COLLINS, COUNTY OF LARIMER, STATE OF COLORADO be designated as a Fort Collins Landmark in accordance with Chapter l4 of the Code of the City of Fort Collins. Section 3. That the criteria contained in Chapter 14, Article IV of the City Code will serve as the standards by which alterations, additions and other changes to buildings and structures located upon the above described Property will be reviewed. ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 3 Packet Pg. 91 City of Fort Collins Historic Preservation Commission Resolution No. 5, 2023 3 Passed and adopted at a regular meeting of the Historic Preservation Commission of the City of Fort Collins held this 21st day of June, 2023. ____________________________ Kurt Knierim, Chair ATTEST: ____________________________ Secretary/Staff ITEM 4, ATTACHMENT 3 Packet Pg. 92 Application for Fort Collins Landmark Designation – Emma Malaby Grocery Property (313 N. Meldrum St.) 6-21-2023 Yani Jones Historic Preservation Planner Role of the HPC Chapter 14, Article II of the Municipal Code, “Designation Procedures:” • Determine if property meets the criteria of a Fort Collins landmark • Must possess both significance and exterior integrity • Must advances policies and purposes outlined in Sec. 14-1 and 14-2 Sec. 14-33(a): If all owners consent in writing and a majority of Commission approves: • Commission may adopt a resolution recommending to the City Council the designation 1 2 ITEM4, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 93 Location 1886 Sanborn Map – 442 N. College Location 1925 Sanborn Map – Current/313 N. Meldrum St. Location History Overview •1881 – Hiram Pierce designed and built original store for George T. Wilkins at 442 N. College Ave. (later addressed 146 N. College Ave.), where he operated his photography studio until 1896. •1906 – Commercial Bank and Trust purchased N. College Ave. lot for new bank building; Frank Collamer had store moved to Meldrum Street location •1907 – Frank Collamer Grocery opened •1916 – Store addition and barn built; Minerva Stoneburner (Frank’s daughter) put in charge of store around this time •1921 – Minerva’s 2 nd husband, James Carlon, killed Minerva and himself; Frank Collamer gave his daughter, Emma Malaby, the store, which she renamed the Emma Malaby Grocery, around this time •1943 – Emma shut down her business •1967 – Emma passed away; Property transferred to Art Collamer, her brother •1980 – Property transferred to Ruth Dermody, Art’s sister •1986 – Property transferred to Art Burrill, her son; Ruth passed away •1987 – Property transferred to Jim Burrill, Art’s son •1989 – Jim and Carol Burrill opened an antique store, which operated until 1992 1954, Jim Burrill collection Carol and Jim Burrill, photo from Jim Burrill 3 4 ITEM4, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 94 Standard 1 - Events • This property represents 2 significant events or patterns in Fort Collins: 1. Frank Collamer moved the store building to Meldrum Street, in a residential area nearby the Loomis and Westside Additions – This reflects the pre-World War II pattern of locating grocery stores in neighborhood settings. 2. This property is associated with women’s history in the area of business. Women from the Collamer family ran a grocery businesses here for over 30 years - First by Minerva Stoneburner, then by her sister, Emma Malaby. 442 N. College – Between 1895 and 1906 313 N. Meldrum St. – Between 1916 and 1921 313 N. Meldrum St. – c. 1972 Standard 2 – Persons/Groups George T. Wilkins • The store building was built for G.T. Wilkins in 1881, and he ran his successful photography business from it for about 15 years. Many of the portraits of Fort Collins residents we have today are attributed to Wilkins, such as photos of the Avery family and the Franz family.Emma (Church) and George T. Wilkins (FCMOD) c. 1907, photo from Jim Burrill collection Collamer Family • The Collamers were one of Fort Collins’s early Euro-American families, arriving as part of the Mercer Colony in the 1870s. Frank Collamer purchased the store building and moved it to its current location in 1906. The Collamers ran multiple businesses out of the store, including a grocery, a wood and coal business, a resale shop, a salvage yard, and an antique store. The Collamers have been actively involved in religious, social, and political life in Fort Collins for well over a century. Left photo – Shown left to right: Emma Collamer Malaby, Minerva Collamer Stoneburner, Effie CollamerAyres, Achsah Alice Hulse Collamer, Frank B. Collamer, Ruth Collamer Burrill Dermody standing on the step, and baby Laura Collamer Vermilya Rutherford sitting on the bottom step. 5 6 ITEM4, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 95 Standard 3 (Design/Construction) False-front Store • One of three known to remain in Fort Collins • Designed and built by Hiram Pierce • Last remaining frame building from the Old Town “triangle” (referring to original location at 146 N. College) Barn • Rare example of a barn remaining in the boundaries of the original Fort Collins plat Stacked-plank Shed • One of two known examples of this construction type in Fort Collins • Unusual form for stacked- plank construction Standard 4 – Information Potential For decades, the area around the store and in front of the barn was used as a salvage and wood yard. There is also a stone-lined well located between the store and barn that was filled in prior to 1980 as well as the probable site of a privy pit along the south edge of the property. For these reasons, there is potential for this property to yield historical archaeological information related to life in the early and mid twentieth century. Salvage yard at 313 N. Meldrum St. (undated)Stone-lined well 7 8 ITEM4, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 96 Work Session Requests for More Information Q1: Was there a privy on site? (Commissioner Carlock) A1: The applicant consulted the previous owner, Jim Burrill, who noted that the outhouse for 305 N. Meldrum St. was located near the back door of 313 N. Meldrum St. (where the driveway is), and so it would most likely be within the parcel boundary of the Emma Malaby Grocery Property. Information has been added to the nomination form and draft resolution under Standard 4 to reflect this. Q2: The materials mention the Mercer Colony in relationship to the Collamer family. Can you provide some background information on the Mercer Colony? (Commissioner Nelsen) A2: The applicant, Meg Dunn, will be providing this information during her presentation. Store (east elevation) 9 10 ITEM4, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 97 Store (east elevation details) Kickplate Addition door Addition right and left windows Store (south elevation) Addition “ell” 11 12 ITEM4, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 98 Store (south elevation details) 12-lite window and door Foundation close-up Store (west/rear elevation) 13 14 ITEM4, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 99 Store (north elevation – addition) Doors – Addition north elevation Shed (east elevation) 15 16 ITEM4, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 100 Shed (south and north elevations) South elevation North elevation Barn (east and south elevations) East Elevation South Elevation 17 18 ITEM4, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 101 Barn (west and north elevations) West Elevation North Elevation West Elevation – Door Stone-Lined Well 19 20 ITEM4, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 102 Summary of Findings • Construction: • Original grocery – 1881 • Grocery addition and barn – 1916 • Stacked-plank shed and stone-lined well – Unknown construction date • Significance: • Standard 1: Events – Neighborhood grocery store development pattern; women’s history in business • Standards 2: Persons/Groups – Association with photographer G.T. Wilkins and the Collamer family • Standard 3: Design/Construction – False-front store; Stacked-plank shed; Rare example of a barn in the original plat area • Standard 4: Information Potential – Historical archaeology early to mid-twentieth century • Period of Significance: 1881-1992 • Exterior Integrity: Location, Setting, Design, Materials, Workmanship, Feeling, and Association • In varying degrees based on area of significance, but with a preponderance to convey significance and support eligibility as described in the staff report and nomination form Role of the HPC Chapter 14, Article II of the Municipal Code, “Designation Procedures:” • Determine if property meets the criteria of a Fort Collins landmark • Must possess both significance and exterior integrity • Must advances policies and purposes outlined in Sec. 14-1 and 14-2 Sec. 14-33(a): If all owners consent in writing and a majority of Commission approves: • Commission may adopt a resolution recommending to the City Council the designation 21 22 ITEM4, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 103 Application for Fort Collins Landmark Designation – Emma Malaby Grocery Property (313 N. Meldrum St.) 6-21-2023 Yani Jones Historic Preservation Planner 23 ITEM4, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 104 Agenda Item 5 Item 5, Page 1 STAFF REPORT June 21, 2023 Historic Preservation Commission ITEM NAME PROGRESS REPORT – DOWNTOWN COLLEGE AVENUE HISTORIC SURVEY STAFF Jim Bertolini, Senior Historic Preservation Planner INFORMATION The City of Fort Collins is completing an historic resource survey of fifty selected properties along the downtown College Avenue corridor. This includes previously unsurveyed properties, properties with dated/incomplete survey, and developing documentation for properties designated in the Old Town Landmark District that have not been, or have been poorly, documented in the past. This project is being sponsored by the City's Historic Preservation Services division, with grant funding support from the State Historical Fund. The lead consultant on this project, Ron Sladek of Tatanka Historical Associates, Inc., will be presenting highlights from the research findings and inviting comments from the Historic Preservation Commission as well as members of the community attending in-person and online. ATTACHMENT 1. Staff Presentation Packet Pg. 105 Downtown College Avenue Historic Resource Survey June 21, 2023 Historic Preservation Commission, Public Meeting Jim Bertolini, Senior Historic Preservation Planner Ron Sladek, Historian, Tatanka Historical Research Associates Project Background • 2020 SHF Grant Award • Delayed by COVID • July 15, 2020 LPC Public Meeting • August 12, 2020 LPC Work Session Review • May 21, 2022 HLC Walking Tour • June 24, 2023 Public Walking Tour • Currently: • All 50 forms and survey report are drafted • Finalized results expected by end of 2023 2 1 2 ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 106 Project Purpose • Downtown is a key component of city’s historic fabric but • Many of the buildings remain poorly documented / are not evaluated for Landmark eligibility • Pro-active survey more effective • Land Use Code responsibilities for owners/developers (3.4.7) • Part of CLG responsibilities 3 3 ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 107 Fort Collins, Colorado COLLEGE AVENUE HISTORIC BUILDINGS SURVEY DOCUMENTATION & ANALYSIS prepared for City of Fort Collins completed by Ron Sladek Tatanka Historical Associates, Inc. P.O. Box 1909 Fort Collins, CO 80522 tatanka@verinet.com www.tatankahistorical.com 970.689.4855 FIRST DRAFT 12 June 2023 ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 108 Tatanka Historical Associates, Inc. P.O. Box 1909 Fort Collins, Colorado 80522 tatanka@verinet.com www.tatankahistorical.com 970.689.4855 _________________ 12 June 2023 Jim Bertolini Preservation Planner City of Fort Collins 281 N. College Ave. Fort Collins, CO 80524 Project: College Avenue Historic Buildings Survey Fort Collins, Colorado Dear Mr. Bertolini, I have completed the documentation and analysis of 50 historic commercial properties dating from the late 1800s to the mid-1900s, all of them located in Fort Collins’ downtown district. The study involved numerous visits to the project area for the collection of field notes and photography, along with hundreds of hours spent doing archival research. That was followed by extensive work preparing the site forms and this project report, which constitute the deliverables under the terms of the contract. I hope that city staff, the Historic Preservation Commission, and the citizens of Fort Collins enjoy the results of my work and find the materials of use in protecting the community’s unique character and built heritage. Thank you for the opportunity to work on this wonderful project. Sincerely, Ron D. Sladek President This project was paid for in part by a History Colorado – State Historical Fund grant. Funding was also provided by the City of Fort Collins. ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 109 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Project Area 2 Survey Area Map 2 Research Design & Methods 3 Historic Context 5 Survey Results 11 Recommendations 23 Bibliography 26 Survey Log by Address 28 Survey Log by Site Number 33 ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 110 1 INTRODUCTION Work on this intensive-level survey project began in the first quarter of 2020, just as the COVID-19 pandemic was reaching Colorado and restrictions and closures began to be imposed across the state. For an extended period, local and regional archives were closed and municipal offices were off-limits to the public. Many of these institutions finally returned to pre-COVID staffing and open hours over the past year. This presented unique challenges to the completion of fieldwork and archival research for this project. The details of how the project progressed and the stumbling block of the pandemic was overcome are discussed below in the section on Research Design and Methods. While a small number of the properties included in the survey were last recorded decades ago, most had never been documented. This project presented an opportunity to provide updated architectural descriptions, complete in-depth archival research to uncover the stories behind each building, and to draw fresh conclusions regarding integrity, significance and landmark eligibility. The resulting information and analysis found in the site forms and this project report should prove useful in a variety of ways for years to come. In 2019, Fort Collins preservation planning staff and the Historic Preservation Commission (“HPC”) decided that it was time for a new historic properties survey to be completed in the downtown district. Funding for the project was provided by two government entities. The City of Fort Collins (“City”) allocated funds from its municipal budget. These were used as a cash match to secure a grant from the State Historical Fund (“SHF”). The SHF grant was awarded to the City in the fall of 2019. With funding secured, the City issued an RFP and engaged Tatanka Historical Associates Inc. (“Tatanka”) to complete the project. While the scope of work would involve several tasks, the project’s overall goal was the intensive-level documentation of 50 commercial properties in the downtown district. The list of properties was assembled by the City in consultation with Ron Sladek, Tatanka’s president and lead project consultant. The project was designed to ensure compliance with relevant sections of the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Archaeology and Historic Preservation, History Colorado’s Colorado Cultural Resource Survey Manual, Volume I: Guidelines for Identification (revised 2007), and the Architectural Inventory Forms and Instructions found online through the History Colorado website. Project management was provided by the City’s preservation planners, Karen McWilliams followed by Jim Bertolini, in coordination with the HPC. The project could not have been completed without their professional guidance. In summary, this project involved the study of a collection of commercial properties, all of them over fifty years old. These are in the original Fort Collins townsite, within the downtown commercial district. While some have retained a preponderance of their original historic characteristics or have been restored, others have been substantially altered. Several were found to be individually eligible for landmarking by the City of Fort Collins, the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), and the State Register of Historic Properties (SRHP). Many contribute to current and future historic districts. Others are too changed or fail to meet the significance standards and are not eligible for individual landmark designation. The detailed results of the study are provided in this report and the accompanying site forms. ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 111 2 PROJECT AREA The parameters of the study area were defined early in the project and were initially intended to include 50 historic buildings that face onto College Avenue between Laporte Avenue and Mulberry Street. However, as the fieldwork progressed during the early months, it became apparent that this stretch of College Avenue did not hold 50 historic buildings that required documentation. To reach that number, several were added along the intersecting streets between College Avenue and Mason Street. These included properties facing onto Mountain Avenue, Oak Street, Olive Street, and Magnolia Street. The final list was approved by the City of Fort Collins and the State Historical Fund. This intensive-level survey focused upon a carefully defined portion of the downtown commercial core, including the western edge of the original Old Town area bordered by Jefferson Street, College Avenue, and Mountain Avenue. Early development to the west and south of Old Town formed what became known as New Town, an expansion of the commercial district that followed the College Avenue spine. Survey Area Map Solid Line Delineates Project Area Boundaries USGS Fort Collins 7.5’ Topographic Quadrangle, 1984 The project area is along the east edge of Section 11 and west edge of Section 12 in Township 7 North-Range 69 West, at an elevation of approximately 4,990’ above sea level. In relation to the street grid, the project area is bordered by Laporte Avenue on the north and Mulberry Street on the south, and by the first north-south alley east of College Avenue on the east and Mason Street on the west. This contains numerous downtown commercial buildings that are predominantly one to two-stories in height. Many are over fifty years old and were included in the survey. ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 112 3 RESEARCH DESIGN & METHODS Work on the project began during the first quarter of 2020, when a reconnaissance of the project area was completed to assemble a preliminary list of historic properties. A total of 62 properties along College Avenue were considered, with a recommendation that 41 of those be included in the survey (the others were determined to be not historic or heavily altered). This information, together with a photograph of each building, was submitted to the City of Fort Collins for review by planning staff and the HPC. Changes continued to be made through August 2020, when the final list of 50 properties was settled upon. The list was provided to the State Historical Fund for approval. With the list of properties assembled and the geographic boundaries of the project area defined, a file search request was sent to the Colorado Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (OAHP) in early September 2020. The search found that 8 surveys had previously been completed in Sections 11 and 12, with 74 individual properties documented. Some of these buildings were outside the current project area. Additional research was completed using the State Historic Preservation Office’s online COMPASS database along with materials held by the City of Fort Collins. Eleven historic buildings on the east side of the 100 block of N. College Ave. were found to be within the Old Town NRHP District that was established in 1978 and the City of Fort Collins local landmark district for Old Town that was also created around that time. Typical of the era, most had been minimally recorded and determinations regarding which did or did not contribute to the districts were absent from the nominations. Among the remaining buildings included in the current survey, some were last documented in the mid-1990s by Jason Marmor of Retrospect. Twelve had never been recorded before. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic began to substantially impact progress on the project starting in March 2020. While field documentation continued, the extensive research that needed to be done in person ground to a halt and other work was delayed. An online meeting with preservation planning staff and the HPC was held on July 15, at which time Ron Sladek provided background on the project that included its goals and geographic parameters. The list of properties was also reviewed, and comments and questions were solicited from the HPC members. Following the meeting, the City mailed a brochure to the property owners that explained the need for the project, the nature of the work that would be completed, and the benefits to the owners of historic buildings. As the study progressed over the following months, field notes and photographs were completed from the adjacent sidewalks and alleyways. Details were captured about exterior architectural characteristics, visible signs of alterations, and additional features of interest. The pandemic made this work easier than normal due to the closure of offices and stores in the downtown district and the resulting reduction of pedestrian and automobile traffic. While research began online, the archives remained closed for many months. Eventually, the City’s preservation planning staff accommodated periodic visits to the property file room in the largely vacant city office building so that records could be copied. Nothing could be obtained from the Larimer County clerk and recorder’s office or the Fort Collins Museum of Discovery archives. These critical records would have to be collected once the offices started to open, which did not happen for a long time. ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 113 4 Archival research continued throughout the project. In addition to collecting materials about the history of Fort Collins, information was assembled about each property’s ownership, year of construction, and physical characteristics. Due to archival and time restrictions, title searches could not be completed to assemble chains of ownership. This work could be undertaken in future years to better understand each property’s legal history. Title research would locate transfer deeds along with items such as marriage and death certificates, mortgage and lease records, tax seizures and sales, and distributions of estates. When the Fort Collins Museum of Discovery archives eventually opened under conditions of limited visitation and access, records there were collected. These included city directories, historic county assessor cards, subject files, and historic photographs. Fire insurance maps were available online, along with historic newspaper articles that provided information about the properties under study and the people associated with them. Finally, biographical information was collected about the historic owners and occupants of each building. As the months passed, the number of records related to each property increased to the point that data entry and writing could begin. All of the properties, including those that were recorded in the period between the late 1970s and mid-1990s, were documented to update the information to today’s standards, to deepen their histories, and to evaluate or reevaluate their integrity, significance and landmark eligibility. An intensive-level Architectural Inventory Form (OAHP #1403) was prepared for each property, presenting the results of the field documentation and archival research, along with analysis of integrity, significance and landmark eligibility on the local, state and national levels. Due to pandemic delays, the first site forms were completed in the fall of 2021 and the last in the spring of 2023. Following receipt of comments from the City and SHF, the site forms were revised. These documents form the bulk of the deliverables required to complete the project. The survey results are presented in this report, which includes summary tables at the end of the document. Two well-attended public walking tours based on the survey were conducted in conjunction with Historic Larimer County. At a final public meeting with the HPC scheduled for 21 June 2023, Ron Sladek will present the results of the survey and answer questions that might arise. Once the final site forms are approved by the SHF, they will be distributed to the property owners. The City will keep the report and site forms on file and copies will be archived with the Fort Collins Museum of Discovery. College Avenue Walking Tour, 21 May 2022 ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 114 5 HISTORIC CONTEXT The history of Fort Collins and its downtown district has been told time and again in published materials, newspaper articles, and project reports. Among the best published sources covering the various elements of this topic are Ansel Watrous’ History of Larimer County (1911), Andrew Morris’ The History of Larimer County, Colorado (1985), and Arlene Ahlbrandt and Kathryn Stieben’s The History of Larimer County, Colorado (1987). In 1992, Thomas and Laurie Simmons authored a technical report on the downtown district for the City of Fort Collins titled Historic Context: City of Fort Collins, Central Business District Development and Residential Architecture. This is the most comprehensive study of the area’s development that has been produced and it remains a very useful document today. In 1996, Jason Marmor completed An Inventory of Historic Properties in and Around the Central Business District of Fort Collins, Larimer County, Colorado. His survey work included many of the area’s buildings and has been used by the City of Fort Collins for planning purposes. Marmor’s documentation, together with the Simmons’ contextual study, provided an excellent basis for the current survey project. In addition to these works, extensive information about the downtown district’s buildings was located in historic editions of the Fort Collins Express, Fort Collins Courier, and Fort Collins Coloradoan. These are available online through newspapers.com and the Colorado Historic Newspaper Collection website. Finally, the Sanborn Fire Insurance Company’s maps of downtown Fort Collins covering the period from 1886 to 1963 provide a wealth of information and a visual sense of the area’s historic development. The following narrative is intended to provide historic context for the development of the city of Fort Collins and the College Avenue corridor. Establishment of the City of Fort Collins (1860s-1870s) - Due to its northern location in the fledgling Colorado Territory (established in 1861) and its importance as a hub of transportation on the frontier, the countryside along the Cache la Poudre River and the lands surrounding the area’s only settlement of Laporte came under the protection of troops headquartered at Fort Laramie, located along the North Platte River one hundred miles to the north. With enlisted troops embroiled in the Civil War, volunteer units were posted to guard the critical stage and wagon roads that crossed the frontier. In the summer of 1862, a company of the 9th Kansas Volunteer Cavalry arrived in Laporte to provide security for area settlers and to protect travelers along the area’s transportation routes, specifically the Overland Trail and Cherokee Trail. They were soon replaced by the 1st Colorado Cavalry. In the spring of 1864, the 11th Ohio Cavalry arrived at Fort Laramie under the command of Lieutenant Colonel William O. Collins. They received orders to post troops in southern Wyoming and other locations where federal interests appeared to be threatened. With the Overland Mail and emigrant trails shifted to the South Platte-Cache la Poudre route by Native American uprisings on the Plains, a more substantial presence was needed in the vicinity of Laporte. The contingent of troops dispatched to the area was instructed to erect a more substantial fort along the Cache la Poudre River. Led by Captain William Evans, the Ohio Volunteers named their post Camp Collins in honor of their commanding officer. Still under construction, Camp Collins was destroyed by a flood in early June 1864. Determined not to expose his men to another calamity, post commander Captain William H. Evans appealed to Colonel Collins for permission to move the fort to higher ground. On 20 August 1864, Collins issued Special Order No. 1 authorizing relocation of the post to a more ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 115 6 favorable spot four miles downstream on the south bank of the river. Little did Colonel Collins know that the date of his order would emerge as the birth date of a new western town that would retain his name. The new military post was named “Fort Collins” and during its several years of operation consisted of a collection of log buildings constructed around a central parade ground located at today’s intersection of Linden Street and Willow Street. Fort Collins was closed in 1867 and its soldiers reassigned after the federal government declared the post unnecessary to the defense of the frontier. Common among military installations of the era, civilians began to arrive at Fort Collins shortly after its establishment. Although the government had yet to release the military reservation lands for homesteading, early settlers occupied the area southwest of the fort across Jefferson Street in what is now known as Old Town. This birthplace of Fort Collins was built on a diagonal in relation to the course of the Poudre River and the cavalry post that preceded the town. Today, the triangular Old Town area continues to be distinguished by the diagonal orientation of its streets. Following closure of the fort, Larimer County’s administrative office and records were moved from Laporte to the settlement of Fort Collins. In May 1872, the federal government released the former Fort Collins Military Reservation (which encompassed four square miles of land) for permanent settlement. Agricultural colonies emerging from the Union Colony (now Greeley) also attempted to settle the area, providing a boost to the local population. Old Town continued to expand with the construction of new commercial buildings and residences, with the commercial center of town located at the intersection of Jefferson Street and Linden Street. The town was platted by Franklin Avery in 1873, with Old Town retaining its diagonal street alignment and the streets beyond aligned to the primary compass points. This included the College Avenue corridor, much of which would soon become occupied by residences and small commercial buildings. Growth of Early Fort Collins (1870s-1890s) - The growth of early Fort Collins received a boost with the arrival of the railroad. On 8 October 1877, the first train steamed into town along the Mason Street tracks of the Colorado Central Railroad. In 1882, the Greeley, Salt Lake & Pacific Railroad constructed a main line along Willow Street. They were joined in 1911 by the Union Pacific Railroad. Rail links allowed area farmers, ranchers and quarry owners the opportunity to market their goods beyond the local economy. Fort Collins residents and business owners were also more easily able to import goods, including household and commercial items, finished building supplies, and a variety of other products. These were obtained from Denver wholesalers and retailers, and through mail order services. The railroads made travel between Fort Collins and regional cities such as Denver, Greeley and Cheyenne much quicker and more comfortable than ever before. They also facilitated transportation across the country and brought more people to northern Colorado. Another advancement in the early development of Fort Collins came with the September 1879 opening of the Colorado Agricultural College on 240 acres of donated land to the south of town. From humble beginnings with just five students and three faculty members, the college grew into present-day Colorado State University. This institution brought long-term stability and growth to Fort Collins. Progressive leaders continued to improve the town with the addition of an opera house (1881), waterworks plant (1882), electricity and the first telephone (1887), a large county courthouse (1887), and sanitary sewers (1888). By the end of the century, Fort Collins was also graced with competing newspapers, numerous fraternal ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 116 7 organizations, and fine schools and medical facilities. In part, the local economy was based upon the college, supplying its students and faculty with housing, goods and services. In addition, the town served as a market and supply center for the numerous farms, cattle ranches, sheep feeding operations and quarries of northern Larimer County, extending its economic reach far into the surrounding countryside. During the last two decades of the 19th century, many of Fort Collins’ finest buildings were erected, its commercial and residential districts established, its cultural life broadened, and its economy diversified. Fort Collins Original Townsite Map, 1873 ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 117 8 Early mapping of the downtown district from the mid-1880s into the early 1890s shows that many of the lots facing onto College Avenue between Laporte Avenue and Mountain Avenue were already occupied by commercial buildings. Businesses in this area included a hotel, bank, saloon, barbershop, tailor, laundry, meat market and restaurant, a livery stable, and stores selling dry goods, hardware, furniture, pharmaceuticals, hats, groceries, flour and feed products, and baked goods. Except for the three-story Opera House Block, the others were wood-frame or masonry and one to two-stories in height. Several small houses were present, and many vacant lots were awaiting development. Just south of the intersection of College Avenue and Mountain Avenue, several lots held small wood-frame buildings that were occupied by a variety of businesses. These included a grocery, paint shop, harness shop, tailors, a carpenter shop, a blacksmith and wagon shop, and a furniture repair shop. Two-story commercial buildings, including the Kissock Block, first emerged on the southeast corner of the intersection by the early 1890s. South of these commercial properties, most of College Avenue was lined by residences and vacant lots. Downtown Fort Collins in the New Century (1900s-1930s) - Between 1900 and 1910, Fort Collins grew by 5,000 residents and the town moved into the 20th century with a sense of confidence about its future. Area commerce remained strong, and the town continued to serve as a market center. This role was greatly enhanced in 1903 with the construction of a large sugar plant across the river northeast of downtown. The factory, soon owned by the Great Western Sugar Company of Denver, continued to operate through the mid-1950s. It provided a reliable market for sugar beet farmers and employment for hundreds of factory and farm workers. Many of these laborers lived in Fort Collins and commuted each day to work at the plant and on nearby farms. The sugar plant alone boosted the community’s prosperity and stability for many years. Around the time the automobile was introduced to American streets, the Denver & Interurban Railroad Company constructed an electric streetcar system for Fort Collins. Installed in 1906, the system including a main line that ran down the middle of College Avenue. Downtown Fort Collins, Circa 1905 100 Block of North College Avenue Looking South ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 118 9 The steady development of Fort Collins continued into the early decades of the 20th century, and by the mid-1910s the town was home to around 8,000 residents who enjoyed its growing commercial and residential districts. By 1920, the city featured a new federal building, paved tree-lined streets, several movie theaters, a thriving downtown district and developing college campus, a new municipal airfield, a family-friendly environment, and a steadily growing population. Automobiles and streetcars quickly replaced horse-drawn vehicles. The sugar beet ruled the surrounding countryside, as farmers continued to grow the lucrative crop that supplied the sugar factory with raw goods and provided many residents with employment. Fort Collins continued to grow and in 1923 oil was discovered in the countryside north of the city. Boosters believed that a new period of tremendous growth was in the cards. Although the Wellington Oil Field proved to be smaller than anticipated, many wells were completed and oil was pumped for decades. Oil companies and stockbrokers occupied many of the downtown offices during this period. Fort Collins persevered through the Great Depression of the 1930s due to the economic impact of the sugar factory and Colorado Agricultural College. With its faculty, staff and students, the college kept the town afloat as enrollment rose with the arrival of additional students on government scholarships. Although the period saw a slowdown in commercial development, a new municipal power plant was constructed during the mid-1930s adjacent to the river on College Avenue. Downtown Fort Collins, Circa 1935 200 Block of South College Avenue Looking North To accommodate the needs of residents and visitors, automotive-related businesses emerged in the downtown district in the first several decades of the twentieth century. Soon there were dealerships, repair shops and filling stations scattered throughout the area. Some of the business owners had facilities constructed for their operations and others adapted existing buildings to their needs. The automobile would play an increasingly significant role in the history of the downtown district and College Avenue corridor in the coming years. ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 119 10 World War II and Postwar Growth (1940s-1960s) - On the eve of World War II, Fort Collins had a population of around 12,000. In addition to sending numerous young men to participate in the conflict overseas, town residents grew victory gardens, participated in scrap drives, lived on ration coupons, purchased government bonds, and closely followed news of the war. After the war ended, the town was flooded with veterans seeking an education at Colorado Agricultural College, along with others who returned home to find jobs and start families. To accommodate the sudden increase in students and young families, the College acquired numerous military surplus Quonset huts which were erected on the campus. Developers also began to construct residential subdivisions in the cropfields and pastures on the outskirts of town. The end of the war thrust Fort Collins into a decades-long period of growth that lasted through the end of the 20th century and into the next. Although the sugar plant closed in the mid- 1950s, the town grew into a city with the construction of new homes, public schools, retail stores, restaurants, service shops, entertainment venues, municipal facilities, and houses of worship. Passenger service by rail began to decline in the 1950s as Americans took to the highways in their new automobiles (freight hauling through the city continued through the present time). Fort Collins’ streetcar system also ceased operations during this period and the tracks were either removed or hidden beneath paving. Automobiles dramatically reshaped the downtown commercial district and South College Avenue corridor during the postwar era. In the 1950s and 1960s, College Avenue became a busy thoroughfare dominated by automobile traffic. The center of the street, formerly the location of the streetcar line, was converted to parking. An explosion of signage resulted in a throughfare that was visually cluttered by the 1970s. As new retail and service shops, including major shopping centers such as the University Mall and Foothills Mall, emerged south of the downtown district, they began to draw business away from the downtown district. Downtown Fort Collins, Circa 1965 Same View as the Photograph Above ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 120 11 SURVEY RESULTS This intensive-level survey of historic properties involved the documentation and analysis of 50 historic buildings in Fort Collins’ dense downtown district, specifically focusing upon the College Avenue spine from Laporte Avenue to Mulberry Street. Most of the buildings were constructed between the 1880s and 1960s for various commercial purposes. The single exception is a former residence converted to hold office suites. Also included in the project is the east side of the 100 block of North College Avenue. This stretch of historic buildings is within the boundaries of the NRHP and City of Fort Collins Old Town historic districts. While many of the historic buildings within the project area were recorded, a smaller number (around ten) were not included because they were documented or landmarked in recent years. Future analysis of the project area, especially if it is considered for district designation, should include those properties. Location of Project Area Showing the Overlapping Old Town NRHP and City of Fort Collins Landmark Districts ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 121 12 Typical of historic downtown commercial cores, the masonry buildings are mostly one to two- stories in height (with a few slightly taller exceptions) and their facades abut the front sidewalks. Some occupy the entire lot, or a combination of lots, and others have a small parking lot, service area, or dining patio to the rear along the alley. A few include historic basement commercial spaces that were activated and accessible from the front sidewalks. The buildings are predominantly constructed of brick with stone trimmings. Some of the exterior walls are clad in stucco. Many have received attention in recent decades to remove mid-20th century modifications, to address various preservation needs, to install architecturally-compatible storefronts, and in some cases to restore missing architectural features. Largely because of this work, downtown Fort Collins is viewed across Colorado as an excellent example of economic revitalization through preservation. Twelve of the buildings date from the late 19th century, twenty-three from the first two decades of the 20th century, and fifteen were built between the 1920s and 1960s. Expansion of the downtown commercial district shortly after the turn of the century was in large part due to the economic boom and stability brought about by the beet sugar industry. Investment and spending were boosted again by the oil boom of the 1920s that focused upon the region just north of Fort Collins. Colorado Agricultural College and Fort Collins’ position as a market center and county seat also helped to stabilize the city’s economy, resulting in a near- constant upward trajectory in terms of community growth. No commercial buildings seem to have been erected in the study area during the 1930s or 1940s due to financial constraints caused by the Great Depression followed by government restrictions and materials shortages during World War II. None of the buildings date from the 1970s, when the downtown commercial district stagnated as business was drawn away by outlying shopping centers. Surveyed Resources by Decade of Construction Decade Constructed Number Developed 1880-1889 6 1890-1899 6 1900-1909 21 1910-1919 2 1920-1929 6 1930-1939 0 1940-1949 0 1950-1959 4 1960-1969 5 1970-1979 0 The survey work and analysis of early mapping of the downtown district show that the area north of Mountain Avenue was already developing during the 1880s and 1890s. This was likely due to its location in the 100 block of North College Avenue adjacent to the original Old Town area. Among the prominent buildings dating from that era are the Welch Block, Windsor Hotel, First National Bank and Avery Block (also the Opera House Block, which was not documented for this project). Competing with Old Town for business, the proponents of what was being referred to as “New Town” began to draw development west and south toward the intersection of College Avenue and Mountain Avenue, a location that soon formed the growing community’s new commercial core. ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 122 13 Laporte Avenue to Mountain Avenue Surveyed Properties with Years of Construction The map above shows that several buildings in this area survive from the 1880s and 1890s. Many others were built during the first decade of the 20th century as the community entered a new era of prosperity and growth. This included redevelopment of the series of lots that extended from the Northern Hotel to the south (most replaced earlier commercial buildings) along with three on the north side of Mountain Avenue (these replaced houses). As the 19th century drew toward its conclusion, development leaped south of Mountain Avenue with the construction of four commercial buildings in the 100 block of South College Avenue. Until that time, both sides of this block held several very small wood-frame commercial buildings along with residences and vacant lots. These properties came under increasing pressure as the downtown district began to spread south along the College Avenue corridor. An explosion of commercial development and redevelopment occurred along College Avenue and Mountain Avenue during the first decade of the 20th century as the beet sugar boom began to impact the regional economy. The sights and sounds of construction filled the downtown district and money filled the coffers and bank accounts of local architects, contractors, lumberyards, hardware supply houses, and freight depots and delivery services. Each building project attracted the attention of newspaper reporters who kept readers informed through the publication of notices and articles. ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 123 14 Mountain Avenue to Oak Street Surveyed Properties with Years of Construction The map above shows that at least twelve commercial buildings were constructed around the turn of the 20th century between Mountain Avenue and Oak Street. These provide evidence of the early expansion of the downtown commercial district to the south along the College Avenue corridor. Construction continued through the 1920s with the development of another retail building facing College Avenue. Most of the two-story buildings were built to house retail stores and service shops on the main floor with offices, apartments, and hotels/boarding houses above. The one exception was the Masonic Lodge at 141-149 W. Mountain Ave., which held the lodge hall on the upper level. Two auto repair garages were constructed in the 1920s along Oak Street near Mason Street. One of these was the E. B. Dale Garage at 140-142 W. Oak St. Dale graduated from the Colorado Agricultural College with a degree in mechanical engineering and then served in World War I as an aircraft mechanic. He returned to Fort Collins and took a position at the college teaching automobile mechanics to disabled veterans. Dale inherited his parents’ house on Oak Street and in 1924 he redeveloped the site with his own auto sales and repair shop. The E. B. Dale Garage sold REO and Star automobiles, provided repairs along with parts and accessories, and sold Texaco gasoline. In 1932, the tall building was divided into two side-by-side spaces. One held a hardware store followed by Robinson Printing, and the other a Piggly Wiggly Grocery that became a Safeway. In the 1960s and 1970s, the building was occupied by Montgomery Ward and then Luby’s Cafeteria followed by Wyatt’s Cafeteria. Extensive remodeling completed in 1983 took it to its current appearance. ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 124 15 The other garage at 148-160 W. Oak St. was built in 1928 with a Mediterranean revival facade and then expanded two years later with a large western addition. The House & Humphrey Garage was founded by Miles House and Foster Humphrey. House arrived in Fort Collins after serving in naval aviation during World War I. He then graduated from the Colorado Agricultural College, where he played on the basketball team, and served as bookkeeper at the Lincoln Highway Garage before becoming a partner in a local tire company. Humphrey also graduated from the Colorado Agricultural College in 1917, where he was an athlete competing in track, cross-country running, basketball and football. He enlisted in the US Army and served as an infantryman in Europe during the war. Following his discharge from service, Humphrey played professional baseball in Texas prior to becoming a high school mathematics teacher. He returned to Fort Collins in 1924 and went into the tire business with his friend, Miles House. House & Humphrey operated a full-service automotive repair shop. In addition to selling Firestone tires, they provided repairs involving any type of problem that might be encountered with an automobile except for body work. The building on Oak Street stood out in Fort Collins because it looked like it had been imported from Florida, Texas or southern California. The western addition matched the Mediterranean style of the original building and doubled the garage’s shop space. In 1934, this became the Firestone Store, with Foster Humphrey as president. Following years of automotive use, the western addition was occupied by the Citizens Industrial Bank of Fort Collins. It was remodeled in 1957 and again in 1969, bringing it to its current appearance. Today the Mediterranean revival façade along Oak Street is largely intact and the rear area of the property, now occupied by Everyday Joe’s Coffee Shop, retains its automotive shop features. Oak Street to Olive Street Surveyed Properties with Years of Construction ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 125 16 The map above shows the development of surveyed properties in the blocks between Oak Street and Olive Street. The most prominent historic building in this area is the old Fort Collins Post Office, located on the southwest corner of College Avenue and Oak Street. It was constructed in 1911-1912 in the Renaissance Revival style of architecture and listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. A threat to demolish the building sparked the rise of a local preservation movement that led to adoption of an ordinance that continues to guide preservation in Fort Collins. The building now holds a popular restaurant and the Fort Collins Museum of Art. In 1916, a two-story building was erected at 204 S. College Ave. to hold a furniture store. Following a major fire, it was remodeled in 1952-1953 and reopened as the Aggie Theater. The Thompson Professional Building and Medical Center was completed in 1952 at 149-157 W. Oak St. by owner-contractor J. E. Thompson & Son. James Thompson served in the US Cavalry during World War I and then became a general contractor in Grand Junction. When his son Duane enrolled at the Colorado Agricultural and Mechanical College in Fort Collins, Thompson moved to the city and began to construct houses and apartment buildings. He also erected the La Siesta and X-Bar-X motels (no longer extant) in the 1800 block of South College Avenue. The property on West Oak Street consists of four separate buildings that are connected by an H-shaped interior passageway network. While the exterior facades along Oak Street and Mason Street appear to be constructed of flagstone with stone lintels above the doors and windows, they are actually formed of shaped and colored concrete. The same treatment was installed along the interior passageways in the form of kickplates and door surrounds. The Coloradoan newspaper described the unique building as a “California style” of architecture. Over the years, the property held medical and dental clinics, law offices, a pharmacy, and various business offices. In 1956 it was acquired by Anita Briggs and her son Wesley, who changed its name to the Briggs Professional Building. From 1882 to the early 1960s, the property at 215-227 S. College Ave. was occupied by the Hottel Mansion, the home of prominent Fort Collins businessman and banker Benjamin Hottel and his wife Emma. As the downtown district expanded to the south following World War II, the sizable property eventually became the focus of potential redevelopment. In the early 1960s, it was acquired by lumberyard owner Robert Everitt, who had launched into the development of commercial and residential projects throughout the growing city. The mansion was demolished in the spring of 1962 and replaced by a large J. C. Penney store, which was enlarged in 1964-1965. It remained there until 1980, when the store moved south into the Foothills Mall. The map below covers the area between Olive Street and Magnolia Street, which was historically occupied by residences. Included among these were two large sandstone houses at 121 and 129 W. Olive St. that were erected in 1887. One was occupied by merchant Jacob Welch and his wife Anna, and the other was built for their son Louis and his wife Mary. The properties have been in use as a funeral home since 1920, although the house at 129 W. Olive St. was demolished in 1969 to make room for a parking lot. Two properties were documented for the current project. One is the residential Foursquare that stands at 109 W. Olive St. Constructed in 1901, it originally stood on the adjacent lot to the east and faced east toward College Avenue. The building served as the Methodist Church Parsonage from 1901 to 1919, when it was acquired by the Continental Oil Company of Denver, which planned to redevelop the property into a filling station. The parsonage was moved west on the lot and rotated to face north. It was remodeled at that time to serve as a ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 126 17 residence for the family of florists Carl and Grace Espelin, who remained there from 1920 into the 1930s. In 1936, the building was purchased by a group of local doctors and converted into the Fort Collins Clinic. Dr. Lawrence D. Dickey, Dr. Olive L. S. Dickey, Dr. Duane F. Hartshorn, and Dr. John H. Setzler had prominent careers in the community and the building continued to be used as a medical clinic into the 1980s. Olive Street to Magnolia Street Surveyed Properties with Years of Construction From 1909 to 1956, the Colorado Telephone Company (soon acquired by the Mountain States Telephone & Telegraph Company) operated the city’s exchange at 317 S. College Ave. In the summer of 1954, MST&T announced that it planned to construct a new automated exchange on property it had acquired at 124 W. Magnolia St. The design contract was awarded to the prominent Denver architectural firm of Temple H. Buell & Company and the installation of equipment was contracted to Western Electric. Constructed extended from late 1954 to April 1956, when the telephone system was transferred from one property to the other. The building was expanded in 1965 and 1978 to add equipment required to handle the city’s rapid growth and the facility continues to serve as the region’s primary telephone exchange to the present day. The map below shows the surveyed area between Magnolia Street and Mulberry Street, which was historically occupied by residences. Several were still there by the early 1960s, including the former homes of banker Fred W. Stover and druggist A. W. Scott. In 1964, the northern half of the block was cleared for redevelopment and consolidated into a single property. The Poudre Valley National Bank, located on the southwest corner of College Avenue and Mountain Avenue, announced that it was arranging to have a large bank facility ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 127 18 constructed there for its own use. This would provide the bank with a much larger amount of space for customers and employees, along with a drive-through teller facility and parking lot. In essence, the bank was moving to accommodate its spatial needs along with the community’s shift to an automobile-centric culture. The bank engaged the prominent Boulder architectural firm of James M. Hunter and Associates to prepare plans for the new building. In Fort Collins, Hunter had already designed the First National Bank building (1961) in downtown along with buildings on the Colorado State University campus, including Allison Hall (1950s), the Danforth Chapel (1954), the Engineering Building (1957), and the Charles A. Lory Student Center (1961). Construction of the Poudre Valley National Bank building took place in 1966-1967 and it remains one of the city’s most prominent mid-20th century Modern Movement/International Style buildings. Magnolia Street to Mulberry Street Surveyed Properties with Years of Construction Throughout the first half of the twentieth century, the south half of the block was occupied by an ornate mansion built for pioneer dry goods merchant and banker Corwin R. Welch. The property was acquired in 1950 by Safeway Stores Inc., headquartered in Oakland, California. Since the 1920s, Safeway had operated stores in three locations in Fort Collins’ downtown commercial district. However, during the post-World War II years the city was spreading toward the south along the College Avenue corridor and another store, particularly with ample parking, was needed. The Welch mansion was demolished in 1950 and a Safeway store was constructed in the eastern area of the property, facing onto College Avenue. This ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 128 19 operated from 1951 to 1966, when it was replaced with the larger Safeway building that remains standing today (it is now a Lucky’s Market). The Safeway building’s iconic design with its curvilinear roofline with upswept wings and façade window wall came from headquarters and was based upon the “Marina Style” developed by the San Francisco architectural firm of Wurster, Bernardi & Emmons in the late 1950s. It is Fort Collins’ most prominent example of the Googie Style of architecture. Not only is this a rare type in Fort Collins, but it also represents the Safeway company’s focus on developing a style of building that would be emblematic of its brand. In other words, the building itself became a form of advertising as it was instantly recognized as a Safeway. At this time, it appears to be the only mid-century Safeway left in Colorado that is intact enough to be landmarked. Surveyed Resources by General Architectural Style Architectural Style Number of Properties Late 19th Century Commercial 8 Early 20th Century Commercial 32 Modern Movement (Commercial) 9 Residential Foursquare 1 Among the 50 buildings surveyed, the names of the architects and designers involved in 32 of them were discovered through the archival research, primarily from newspaper notices and articles. Substantial research was completed on the remaining properties, making it unlikely that the professionals involved in their design will be determined. Many of the building contractors were also mentioned by the newspapers, and this information is included in the individual site forms. The table below connects known architects and designers to specific properties. Many of them, including Montezuma Fuller, Arthur Garbutt, Lester Jones, Albert Bryan and William Robb, maintained offices in Fort Collins and were present in the community for years. Others operated in the city for just a short time or, as with Robert Fuller, Temple Buell and James Hunter, were based in Denver and Boulder. Architects/Designers Tied to Specific Properties in the Project Area Name of Architect / Designer Property Montezuma W. Fuller First National Bank, 100 N. College Ave. Robert Trimble Block, 109 S. College Ave. Methodist Church Parsonage, 109 W. Olive St. Avery Block, 110-124 N. College Ave. Kissock Building, 120-122 S. College Ave. Hall Block, 121-127 S. College Ave. C. R. Welch Building, 129-131 S. College Ave. ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 129 20 Trimble Block, 136-140 N. College Ave. Hawthorne Garage Annex, 230 S. College Ave. Montezuma Fuller / George F. Johnson Alpert Building, 140-142 S. College Ave. (This was among the last commercial projects undertaken by Montezuma Fuller, if not his final one. He died in late January 1925 as it was being constructed.) Robert K. Fuller Masonic Temple (façade remodel, 1925) 141-149 W. Mountain Ave. Arthur M. Garbutt Colorado Building, 133-145 S. College Ave. Commercial Bank & Trust, 146 N. College Ave. J. E. Wilson Building, 153 W. Mountain Ave. Charles A. Button Avery Block, 110-124 N. College Ave. Roy H. Bradley / Charles A. Button Secord Block, 130-136 S. College Ave. Lester L. Jones Kluver Building, 145-149 N. College Ave. Lester Jones / William Redding & Son Northern Hotel, 172 N. College Ave. Albert Bryan Northern Hotel, 172 N. College Ave. Edwin A. Francis Northern Hotel, 172 N. College Ave. John F. Colpitts Welch Block, 101-109 N. College Ave. Edward P. Boyd / Clare A. Henderson Masonic Temple, 141-149 W. Mountain Ave. Hudson S. Bradley H. C. Bradley Building, 144-146 S. College Ave. Hiram Pierce Loomis Building, 150-152 N. College Ave. Loomis Building, 154-156 N. College Ave. Charles L. Monnot Jr. Poudre Valley National Bank, 101 S. College Ave. Frank Bull McGowan Battery & Electric, 226 S. College Ave. Howard T. Musick / Harlan Rathbun Columbia Savings, 100 S. College Ave. William B. Robb Hospital Service Inc. Building, 208 S. College Ave. Temple H. Buell & Company Mountain States Telephone & Telegraph, Direct Dial Exchange, 124 W. Magnolia St. James M. Hunter & Associates Poudre Valley National Bank, 401 S. College Ave. Wurster, Bernardi & Emmons Safeway, 425 S. College Ave. Several properties were found to have been designated as landmarks by the City of Fort Collins or listed in the National Register of Historic Places or State Register of Historic Properties. These appear in the table and map below and include individual properties along with those located within the boundaries of the existing, overlapping Fort Collins and NRHP Old Town Districts. As the documentation and analysis were completed, it was determined that other properties might be individually eligible on one level or another. In addition to the contextual history summarized above, several publications served as guides for this analysis. One is the National Register Bulletin titled How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. Others included David R. Hill’s Colorado Urbanization & Planning Context (1984) and Thomas and Laurie Simmons’ Historic Context: City of Fort Collins, Central Business District Development and Residential Architecture (1992). Each historic property was also evaluated to determine its age, architectural integrity, and possible significance in relation to the following established criteria or standards that are in use in Fort Collins, in Colorado, and across the United States. ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 130 21 Surveyed Properties Already Landmarked by the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), Colorado State Register of Historic Properties (SRHP), or City of Fort Collins (FC) Address and Site Number Property Name Landmark Status 100-108 N. College Ave. 5LR462.4 First National Bank Building Contributing to FC & NRHP Old Town Districts 110-124 N. College Ave. 5LR462.4 Avery Block Contributing to FC & NRHP Old Town Districts 132 N. College Ave. 5LR462.39 Evans & McEwen Building College Avenue Meat Market Trimble Court Artisans Contributing to FC & NRHP Old Town Districts 136-140 N. College Ave. 5LR462.40 Trimble Block Contributing to FC & NRHP Old Town Districts 144 N. College Ave. 5LR462.41 Barkley Block Contributing to FC & NRHP Old Town Districts 146 N. College Ave. 5LR462.5 Commercial Bank & Trust Contributing to FC & NRHP Old Town Districts 150-152 N. College Ave. 5LR14830 Loomis Building Contributing to FC & NRHP Old Town Districts 154-156 N. College Ave. 5LR462.42 Loomis Building Hong Sing Laundry Contributing to FC & NRHP Old Town Districts 160 N. College Ave. 5LR10361 St. Clair Grocery Griffith Sporting Goods Contributing to FC & NRHP Old Town Districts 164 N. College Ave. 5LR10362 Homestead Bakery and Grocery Schroeder Building Recreation Bowling Alleys Contributing to FC & NRHP Old Town Districts ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 131 22 172 N. College Ave. 5LR462.6 Northern Hotel Contributing to FC & NRHP Old Town Districts 101-109 N. College Ave. 5LR1770 Welch Block Woolworth Building Wilson Block Individually Designated by FC 1993 140-142 S. College Ave. 5LR1987 Alpert Building Individually Designated by FC 2004 Several additional properties were found to be individually eligible for landmark designation on the local, state or national levels. Others do not possess adequate significance or suffer from diminished architectural integrity caused by varying degrees of historic and non-historic alterations. As the site forms indicate, these changes were made for a variety of reasons. Building exteriors were altered to address maintenance issues, serve the aesthetic tastes of their owners, increase living or commercial space, and to modernize their appearance. Modernization was particularly common among commercial buildings during the post-World War II decades, when many owners and tenants felt that their businesses would be better served by eliminating vestiges of the past. Fort Collins has been fortunate in that many of these alterations have been removed over the past several decades and the buildings either restored, returned closer to their original appearance, or remodeled to be more compatible with their historic surroundings. Additional Individually Eligible Properties National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), Colorado State Register of Historic Properties (SRHP), or City of Fort Collins (FC) Address and Site Number Property Name Eligibility Criteria TO BE DETERMINED Locations of NRHP & SRHP Eligible Properties TO BE ADDED ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 132 23 Historic Properties Not Included in the Survey But Within the Project Area Boundaries Property Name and Address Year of Construction TO BE COMPLETED RECOMMENDATIONS During this project, several recommendations began to emerge for the future of the downtown commercial district, and in particular the College Avenue corridor, in relation to the recognition and preservation of its historic resources. Fifty properties were recorded and thirteen of those were found to have already been landmarked. Eleven of these are within the existing Old Town Historic Districts and two others have been individually landmarked by the City of Fort Collins. A small number of additional properties have been found to be eligible for individual designation. Many more would contribute to a future historic district in this area. While private property rights allow owners to do what they wish with their buildings within the parameters of zoning regulations and building codes, the City should continue to encourage landmark designation and the preservation and restoration of building exteriors as important to Fort Collins’ sense of heritage and place. The historic neighborhoods east and west of downtown are experiencing redevelopment pressures that are resulting in the loss of houses. This form of residential attrition presents challenges that the community will have to address. By comparison, it appears that the commercial district is relatively stable and the threat of demolition has not been a frequent concern. Instead, redevelopment projects have largely focused upon properties of no great architectural or historical significance. Preservation efforts that are intended to respect and restore architectural integrity or modify buildings through sensitive alterations are more common. Every project in the downtown commercial district is carefully monitored by planning staff and regulated by the Historic Preservation Commission in compliance with the municipal code. Although Fort Collins’ downtown district is viewed as a paradigm of preservation, not all is perfect there all of the time. The City will need to continue to carefully protect the area’s architectural integrity while proactively promoting interest in architecture and support for preservation. Promotion of a preservation ethic and regulation of alterations requires diligence on the part of preservation planning staff and the HPC. This requires educational programming that can be accomplished through regular events such as tours and lectures. Interpretive signage could also be greatly improved, as little seems to exist in the downtown district except for along Linden Street in the former fort area. Collaboration with organizations such as the Fort Collins Historical Society, Fort Collins Museum of Discovery, Poudre Landmarks Foundation, and Historic Larimer County can help the City in these critical areas of public education. ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 133 24 The City of Fort Collins should also continue to seek support and collaboration with government agencies and non-profit organizations such as the National Trust for Historic Preservation, History Colorado and Colorado Preservation Inc. A grant from the State Historical Fund was used to complete this study and previous ones, and the City should continue to seek additional grants (including Certified Local Government assistance) to help with the costs of future surveys and preservation planning. That would include funding the development of a new historic district in the downtown area. The project also pointed to additional efforts that would benefit the community. One thing that became apparent during this project is that many of the buildings in Old Town east of College Avenue and north of Mountain Avenue need to be resurveyed. The current project included those in the 100 block of North College Avenue and others were surveyed along Jefferson Street in recent years. A comprehensive review should be undertaken to determine which resources still need to be recorded for the first time or updated to today’s standards of documentation. In the coming years, the completion of title searches for many of the properties will add to our understanding of their ownership and legal histories. Survey and resurvey will help to define which properties contribute to the existing Fort Collins and NRHP Old Town districts (contributing status was not determined when the districts were established in the 1970s) , and will define which properties in the downtown area might also be eligible for individual landmark designation. The promotion of history and preservation in Fort Collins can benefit greatly from broad distribution of the results of this study. Electronic versions of the project report and site forms will be filed with the City of Fort Collins and the Colorado Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation in Denver. A bound hard copy will also be placed in the collection of the Fort Collins Museum of Discovery Archive, where the survey results will be readily available to the public. It is recommended that the City of Fort Collins mail copies of the site forms to the property owners. Digital versions of the documents should also be made available through the City’s website, linked to its existing page on historic preservation. The City should also consider utilizing the materials from this and past surveys to develop an interpretive program. Interpretive panels placed in select locations around downtown will disseminate information about the community’s heritage and historic buildings to residents and visitors. Walking tours based upon recent surveys should also be coordinated and these can be repeated over the coming years and tailored to various audiences. As pressure for development and redevelopment continues in the coming years, the city’s historic buildings and overall historic appearance may be diminished. This presents a need for careful planning so the community can thrive while its historic resources and character are protected. Historic preservation based upon the information and analysis provided by recent surveys should serve as an important tool, one that is utilized to protect the city’s past, present and future. Finally, the completion of this survey project raises the question of establishing a second historic district in downtown Fort Collins. This could be accomplished on the local level by the City of Fort Collins, although it also seems to merit National Register designation. Because the State Register requires 100% buy-in from the property owners, this route is unlikely to succeed. The area that merits landmark designation falls within the part of downtown that was historically referred to as “New Town.” Consequently, it is recommended that this be its name. A New Town Historic District will not only help to define its geographic parameters but also underscore for the public that it is distinct from the original Old Town area that is located where the City of Fort Collins first emerged. ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 134 25 Based upon the existing historic building stock, it appears that the period of significance for this proposed district would run from the 1880s through the 1960s. Areas of significance, at minimum, appear likely to include Architecture and Commerce. The map below indicates where the boundaries of this district might be placed so that they include all of the contributing buildings without also incorporating too many that would be non-contributing. To the south are three significant mid-20th century properties that merit individual landmark designation. Map of the Survey Area Showing Potential Boundaries for a New Town District and Individually-Eligible Mid-20th Century Landmarks ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 135 26 BIBLIOGRAPHY Ahlbrandt, Arlene & Kathryn Stieben, editors. The History of Larimer County, Colorado. Dallas, TX: Curtis Media Corporation, 1987. City of Fort Collins, Historic Building Permit File Records City of Fort Collins, Preservation Planning Files Fleming, Barbara. Fort Collins: A Pictorial History. Virginia Beach, VA: The Donning Company, 1985, revised 1992. Fleming, Barbara and Malcolm McNeill. Fort Collins: The Miller Photographs. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, Images of America Series, 2009 Fleming, Barbara & Malcolm McNeill. Fort Collins, Then & Now. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2010 Fort Collins City Directories, 1902-1975, Rocky Mountain Directory Company / R. L. Polk & Company. “Fort Collins History and Architecture: Post World War I Urban Growth, 1919-1941,” Fort Collins History Connection, Accessed Online at www.history.fcgov.com/archive/contexts. Fort Collins 7.5’ and 15’ Topographic Quadrangle Maps, US Geological Survey (1906, 1960, 1969, 1984). Highways to the Sky: A Context and History of Colorado’s Highway System. Prepared by Associated Cultural Resource Experts for the Colorado Department of Transportation, April 2002. Hill, David R. Colorado Urbanization & Planning Context. Denver: Colorado Historical Society, 1984. Historic Newspaper Articles Denver Post Fort Collins Coloradoan Fort Collins Courier Fort Collins Express Fort Collins Express-Courier Rocky Mountain News Insurance Maps of Fort Collins, Larimer County, Colorado. New York: Sanborn Map Company, 1886, 1891, 1895, 1901, 1906, 1909, 1917, 1925, 1943 and 1963 update. Marmor, Jason. An Inventory of Historic Properties in and Around the Central Business District of Fort Collins, Larimer County, Colorado. Prepared by Retrospect for the City of Fort Collins, Advance Planning Department, 1996. ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 136 27 Mehls, Steven F. Colorado Plains Historic Context. Denver: Colorado Historical Society, 1984. Morris, Andrew J., ed. The History of Larimer County, Colorado, Volume I. Dallas, TX: Curtis Media Corp., 1985. Noel, Thomas J. and Ron Sladek. Fort Collins & Larimer County: An Illustrated History. Carlsbad, CA: Heritage Media Corp., 2002. Simmons, Thomas H. and R. Laurie. Historic Context: City of Fort Collins, Central Business District Development and Residential Architecture. Prepared for the City of Fort Collins by Front Range Research Associates Inc., November 1992. Stone, Wilbur Fisk. History of Colorado. Chicago: S. J. Clarke Publishing Co., 1918. Sundberg, Wayne C. Fort Collins at 150: A Sesquicentennial History. San Antonio, TX: HPN Books, 2014. Swanson, Evadene Burris. Fort Collins Yesterdays. Fort Collins: George & Hildegarde Morgan, 1993. Tresner, Charlene. Streets of Fort Collins. Fort Collins: Patterson House Publishing, 1994. Tunner, Carol. “North College Avenue Historical Research for the North College Avenue Study.” Completed for the Planning Department, Advanced Planning Division, Historic Preservation Office, City of Fort Collins, December 1993. Watrous, Ansel. History of Larimer County. Fort Collins, CO: Courier Printing & Publishing Company, 1911 ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 137 28 SURVEY LOG BY ADDRESS Address and Site Number Property Name Year Built Eligibility and Criteria TENTATIVE DETERMINATIONS 100-108 N. College Ave. 5LR462.4 First National Bank Building 1897 Fort Collins – Contributes to Existing District NRHP/SRHP – Contributes to Existing District 101-109 N. College Ave. 5LR1770 Welch Block Woolworth Building Wilson Block 1880-81 1926 Fort Collins – Designated 1993 NRHP/SRHP – A & C 110-124 N. College Ave. 5LR462.4 Avery Block 1896- 1903 Fort Collins – Contributes to Existing District NRHP/SRHP – Contributes to Existing District 111-115 N. College Ave. 5LR1873 Windsor Hotel 1881-85 Fort Collins – 1 NRHP/SRHP – A 132 N. College Ave. 5LR462.39 Evans & McEwen Building College Avenue Meat Market Patterson Drug Store Trimble Court Artisans 1883- 1903 Fort Collins – Contributes to Existing District NRHP/SRHP – Contributes to Existing District 136-140 N. College Ave. 5LR462.40 Trimble Block 1903-04 Fort Collins – Contributes to Existing District NRHP/SRHP – Contributes to Existing District 144 N. College Ave. 5LR462.41 Barkley Block 1906 Fort Collins – Contributes to Existing District NRHP/SRHP – Contributes to Existing District 145-149 N. College Ave. 5LR14829 Kluver Building 1880 1925 Fort Collins – 3 NRHP/SRHP – C ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 138 29 Address and Site Number Property Name Year Built Eligibility and Criteria 146 N. College Ave. 5LR462.5 Commercial Bank & Trust 1906-07 Fort Collins – Contributes to Existing District NRHP/SRHP – Contributes to Existing District 150-152 N. College Ave. 5LR14830 Loomis Building 1903 Fort Collins – Contributes to Existing District NRHP/SRHP – Contributes to Existing District 154-156 N. College Ave. 5LR462.42 Loomis Building Hong Sing Laundry 1904 Fort Collins – Contributes to Existing District NRHP/SRHP – Contributes to Existing District 160 N. College Ave. 5LR10361 St. Clair Grocery Griffith Sporting Goods 1904 Fort Collins – Contributes to Existing District NRHP/SRHP – Contributes to Existing District 164 N. College Ave. 5LR10362 Homestead Bakery and Grocery Schroeder Building Recreation Bowling Alleys 1902 Fort Collins – Contributes to Existing District NRHP/SRHP – Contributes to Existing District 167-169 N. College Ave. 5LR2063 Briggs Building 1880-81 Fort Collins – Contribute to Future District (?) NRHP/SRHP – Contribute to Future District (?) 171-173 N. College Ave. 5LR1969 Owen Block Brunswick Billiard Parlor Fort Collins Bottling Works 1881-82 Fort Collins – Not Eligible NRHP/SRHP – Not Eligible 172 N. College Ave. 5LR462.6 Northern Hotel 1905-36 Fort Collins – Contributes to Existing District NRHP/SRHP – Contributes to Existing District ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 139 30 Address and Site Number Property Name Year Built Eligibility and Criteria 181 N. College Ave. 5LR14856 Fleming’s Cafe 1920 Fort Collins – Not Eligible NRHP/SRHP – Not Eligible 100 S. College Ave. 5LR14831 Columbia Savings & Loan Association 1962 Fort Collins – 1 & 3 NRHP/SRHP – A & C 101 S. College Ave. 5LR1978 Poudre Valley National Bank 1952-53 Fort Collins – 1 & 3 NRHP/SRHP – A & C 109 S. College Ave. 5LR1980 Robert Trimble Block 1899- 1905 Fort Collins – 1 & 3 NRHP/SRHP – A & C 112 S. College Ave. 5LR9785 Brinker Grocery First National Bank Annex 1907 Fort Collins – 1 & 3 NRHP/SRHP – Contributing to Future District 114-116 S. College Ave. 5LR1979 Smith, Soult & Smith Building 1894 Fort Collins – Contributing to Future District NRHP/SRHP – Contributing to Future District 117 S. College Ave. 5LR1981 Arscott Building 1900 Fort Collins – Not Eligible NRHP/SRHP – Not Eligible 120-122 S. College Ave. 5LR1982 Kissock Building 1898 Fort Collins – Not Eligible NRHP/SRHP – Not Eligible 121-127 S. College Ave. 5LR12637 Hall Block Physicians Building A. W. Scott Drug Store Walgreens 1900 Fort Collins – Contributing to Future District NRHP/SRHP – Contributing to Future District 124-128 S. College Ave. 5LR1983 William C. Stover Building Albert B. Tomlin Building 1897-99 Fort Collins – Not Eligible NRHP/SRHP – Not Eligible 129-131 S. College Ave. 5LR1984 C. R. Welch Building 1901 Fort Collins – Not Eligible NRHP/SRHP – Not Eligible ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 140 31 Address and Site Number Property Name Year Built Eligibility and Criteria 130-136 S. College Ave. 5LR1985 Secord Block Meyer Building / Meyer Store Nedley Hotel 1909 Fort Collins – 1, 2 & 3 NRHP/SRHP – A, B & C 133-145 S. College Ave. 5LR1986 Colorado Building 1905-06 Fort Collins – 1, 2 & 3 NRHP/SRHP – A, B & C 140-142 S. College Ave. 5LR1987 Alpert Building 1924-25 Fort Collins – Designated 2004 NRHP/SRHP – A, B & C 144-146 S. College Ave. 5LR1988 H. C. Bradley Building 1905-08 Fort Collins – 1 & 3 NRHP/SRHP – A & C 204 S. College Ave. 5LR1991 Fort Collins Furniture Company Lincoln Hotel Aggie Theater 1916 Fort Collins – Not Eligible NRHP/SRHP – Not Eligible 208 S. College Ave. 5LR14832 Hospital Service Inc. Building 1957 Fort Collins – Not Eligible NRHP/SRHP – Not Eligible 212 S. College Ave. 5LR14834 Hansen Realty Building Christian Science Reading Room 1962 Fort Collins – Not Eligible NRHP/SRHP – Not Eligible 215-227 S. College Ave. 5LR14833 J. C. Penney Store 1963-65 Fort Collins – Not Eligible NRHP/SRHP – Not Eligible 224 S. College Ave. 5LR1993 Ricker Brothers Building White Palace Inn 1928-33 Fort Collins – Not Eligible NRHP/SRHP – Not Eligible 226 S. College Ave. 5LR1994 McGowan Battery and Electric Al’s and Ruth’s Cafeteria 1928 Fort Collins – Not Eligible NRHP/SRHP – Not Eligible 230 S. College Ave. 5LR1995 Hawthorne Garage Annex Dreiling Motors Annex 1919 Fort Collins – Not Eligible NRHP/SRHP – Not Eligible 401 S. College Ave. 5LR14854 Poudre Valley National Bank 1966-67 Fort Collins – 1 & 3 NRHP/SRHP – A & C ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 141 32 Address and Site Number Property Name Year Built Eligibility and Criteria 425 S. College Ave. 5LR14855 Safeway 1966 Fort Collins – 1 & 3 NRHP/SRHP – A & C 124 W. Magnolia St. 5LR14858 Mountain States Telephone & Telegraph, Direct Dial Exchange 1955- 1978 Fort Collins – 1 & 3 NRHP/SRHP – A & C 141-149 W. Mountain Ave. 5LR1620 Masonic Temple 1902 Fort Collins – 1 & 3 NRHP/SRHP – A & C 144 W. Mountain Ave. 5LR14859 McAnelly Building 1902 Fort Collins – Contributing to Future District NRHP/SRHP – Contributing to Future District 148 W. Mountain Ave. 5LR1622 Edgar Avery Building Trail Theater 1907-10 Fort Collins – Contributing to Future District NRHP/SRHP – Contributing to Future District 152 W. Mountain Ave. 5LR1645 American Theater State Theater Scrivner’s Grocery 1908-24 Fort Collins – Contribute to Future District (?) NRHP/SRHP – Contribute to Future District (?) 153-155 W. Mountain Ave. 5LR1621 Wilson-Avery Building 1909 Fort Collins – Contribute to Future District (?) NRHP/SRHP – Contribute to Future District (?) 140-142 W. Oak St. 5LR2035 E. B. Dale Garage 1924 Fort Collins – Not Eligible NRHP/SRHP – Not Eligible 148-160 W. Oak St. 5LR2036 House & Humphrey Auto Repair Garage / Firestone Auto Supply & Service / Fort Collins Industrial Bank 1928-30 1969 Fort Collins – 1 & 3 NRHP/SRHP – A & C 149-157 W. Oak St. 5LR14857 Thompson-Briggs Professional Building 1952 Fort Collins – 1 & 3 NRHP/SRHP – A & C ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 142 33 Address and Site Number Property Name Year Built Eligibility and Criteria 109 W. Olive St. 5LR2043 Methodist Parsonage Espelin House Fort Collins Clinic 1901 Fort Collins – 1 & 2 NRHP/SRHP – Contributing to Future District SURVEY LOG BY SITE NUMBER Site Number and Address Property Name Year Built Eligibility and Criteria TO BE COMPLETED ITEM 5, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 143 Agenda Item 6 Item 6 Page 1 STAFF REPORT June 21, 2023 Historic Preservation Commission PROJECT NAME PROPOSED ADDITION (MINOR AMENDMENT), HENRY A. & ELLA ZIEGLER HOUSE, 3105 E. HARMONY ROAD – DEVELOPMENT REVIEW STAFF Jim Bertolini, Senior Historic Preservation Planner PROJECT INFORMATION PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Development application at 3105 E. Harmony Road to include demolition of the existing rear porch and construction of a new 1.5 story addition onto the rear of the existing house. APPLICANT/OWNER: Court Appointed Special Advocates, Inc. (CASA) 3105 E. Harmony Road Fort Collins, CO 80528 STAFF RECOMMENDATION: Staff is referring this item to the HPC for a recommendation. Staff has provided an analysis below of how, by staff’s estimation, the project does/does not meet the adopted Standards for Rehabilitation. COMMISSION’S ROLE: Provide a recommendation to the decision maker (in this case, Planning staff) regarding the proposed alterations, relative to their compliance with Section 3.4.7 of the Fort Collins Land Use Code. PROJECT SUMMARY: The project application is to construct an approximately 2500ft2 addition onto the rear of the existing brick building at 3105 E. Harmony House, the historic Henry & Ella Ziegler property. The addition includes HVAC equipment, additional exterior lighting, and a new accessible entry. It will also involve the removal of the existing remains of the rear porch on the Ziegler House, and the removal of some non-historic trees. The property was determined Eligible as a Fort Collins Landmark and subject to the provisions of Land Use Code 3.4.7 on March 30, 2023. The owner, CASA of Larimer County, is in need of expanded office and programming space while also seeking to preserve an outdoor amenity space for clients along the property’s west side, which also includes the property’s surviving historic cottonwood trees (Populus deltoides). The existing brick house has an approximate 2,100ft2 footprint not counting the rear porch proposed for demolition (i.e., total square footage around 4,200ft2). PROPERTY BACKGROUND The brick farmhouse is the historic Henry & Ella Ziegler Farmhouse, one of the few surviving remnants of the once vast collection of Ziegler-family resources in this section of the former farming community of Harmony. Around this site, largely on what is now the Intel facility site to the south, used to be another farmhouse, along with many barns and outbuildings used by the Henry Ziegler operation, primarily for sheep raising, but with a Packet Pg. 144 Agenda Item 6 Item 6 Page 2 small orchard near the farmstead as well. To the south, at the present-day intersection of Ziegler Road and County Fair Lane/Saber Cat Drive are the last structures associated with the Watson Ziegler farmstead, Henry’s brother, which are now owned by the Poudre School District. On March 30, 2023, City staff completed an historic survey form for the Henry & Ella Ziegler Farmhouse at 3105 E. Harmony Road and determined that it was Eligible under three (3) of the City’s standards for eligibility, specifically as follows: - Standard 1 (Events/Trends) in Agriculture: A significant surviving reflection of the community of Harmony, the once sizeable farming village that comprised of most of present-day southeast Fort Collins and that was redeveloped since the 1980s. - Standard 2 (Persons/Groups) in Agriculture: The only surviving residence from the Ziegler family, and one of only three built resources surviving from the family’s holdings in Harmony. - Standard 3 (Design/Construction) in Architecture: A rare and significant reflection of farmhouse architecture in Fort Collins, specifically Edwardian design. Contributing resources to the Henry & Ella Ziegler Farmhouse are the brick farmhouse itself and several surviving cottonwood trees (Populus deltoides) along the property’s west side. Character-defining features of the main house include: - The cross-gabled T roof and footprint form - The red brick masonry in a common bond (with no headers) and a dressed, coursed stone foundation - A shallow hipped roof with boxed eaves, flat fascia, and decorative thin brackets. - A two-story porch under a hipped roof (formerly a tower), canted with brick pillars and a stone cap on top of a brick half wall on both levels. - One-over-one wood sash windows with wood storm windows in varying configurations - Decorative gables on the north, east, and west sides with diamond windows and brick facing - Canted bay projections on the north, east, and west sides of the building The rear addition proposed for removal in order to attach the addition is not considered a character-defining feature, largely due to losses of historic material and historic integrity. STAFF REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION Staff made two requests for additional information from the application, who supplied responses on May 31, 2023: 1. How will the ADA ramp be treated against the foundation wall on the historic house? – that’s more of a construction detail but making sure a good joint sealer is installed there to prevent water intrusion off the ramp is recommended. • There is a 1ft gap between the existing house and the ramp that will probably just be a rock bed. [Applicant] will make sure to discuss drainage in this gap with civil [engineer]. 2. On the ADA ramp, do you have room for a 1:12 ramp and landing for all visitors/staff that runs straight from the parking lot (i.e., 1 shared access path instead of both a stair and a ramp), to avoid needed to jut the ramp out to the north? • There is enough room for a straight run looking at the grading plan, however…this would make that ramp much more visible from Harmony. We thought condensing it would be more visually appealing. AREA OF ADJACENCY SUMMARY: There are no other resources in the project’s Area of Adjacency due to redevelopment of the former Harmony community in previous decades. Packet Pg. 145 Agenda Item 6 Item 6 Page 3 REVIEW CRITERIA AND INITIAL STAFF FINDINGS OF FACT: This review falls under the requirements of Land Use Code 3.4.7, in particular, the requirements when an historic resource is on a development site. In that case, review proceeds in much the same way as it would for a designated Landmark, with the LUC clarifying that the Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties (specifically Rehabilitation) apply “to the maximum extent feasible.” In practice, this generally means that properties that are Eligible for Landmark designation but are not designated may be treated with a degree of additional flexibility under the Standards. Applicable Code Standard Summary of Code Requirement and Analysis – In General Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation Complies/Does Not Comply SOI # 1 A property will be used as it was historically or be given a new use that requires minimal change to its distinctive materials, features, spaces, and spatial relationships. This Standard appears generally met. Modifications to the historic building itself are minimal, and the new addition is located at the rear. Direct modification to the historic resource does not appear to be modifying any distinctive materials, features, or spaces. However, the footprint and scale of the addition may warrant discussion of whether spatial relationships are being modified too greatly for this Standard to be met. TBD SOI #2 The historic character of a property will be retained and preserved. The removal of distinctive materials or alteration of features, spaces, and spatial relationships that characterize a property will be avoided. This Standard appears generally met. The distinctive materials, features, and spaces of the property are being retained as part of the project. However, the footprint and scale of the addition may warrant a discussion of whether the spatial relationships that define the property are being altered too significantly. TBD SOI #3 Each property will be recognized as a physical record of its time, place, and use. Changes that create a false sense of historical development, such as adding conjectural features or elements from other historic properties, will not be undertaken. The proposed addition utilizes a hyphen, differentiated massing, height, features, and exterior cladding, to distinguish it as new construction and avoid a false sense of history. Complies SOI #4 Changes to a property that have acquired historic significance in their own right will be retained and preserved. No historic alterations appear to be proposed for removal as part of this project. Complies Packet Pg. 146 Agenda Item 6 Item 6 Page 4 SOI #5 Distinctive materials, features, finishes, and construction techniques or examples of craftsmanship that characterize a property will be preserved. The key materials, features, finishes, and construction techniques that exemplify the masonry Ziegler farmhouse are not being altered as part of this project. The addition is proposed to the rear, and retains in place, with maximum visibility, all the features and property aspects noted above. Complies SOI #6 Deteriorated historic features will be repaired rather than replaced. Where the severity of deterioration requires replacement of a distinctive feature, the new feature will match the old in design, color, texture, and, where possible, materials. Replacement of missing features will be substantiated by documentary and physical evidence. No character-defining historic materials are proposed for removal. The rear porch is proposed for removal, but after staff observation, the majority of the porch aside from the roof framing and decking has been removed or altered. Staff would not consider this a character-defining feature. Complies SOI #7 Chemical or physical treatments, if appropriate, will be undertaken using the gentlest means possible. Treatments that cause damage to historic materials will not be used. No significant treatment to the existing historic house appears proposed. At this time, staff has no concerns related to protection of the historic features, including the brick masonry, on the historic portion of the building. Complies SOI #8 Archeological resources will be protected and preserved in place. If such resources must be disturbed, mitigation measures will be undertaken. Based on staff’s understanding of the site history, the site has been heavily disturbed. Considering the depth of excavation for the proposed addition, and the site context, the possibility of relevant archaeological discoveries is low. Complies SOI #9 New additions, exterior alterations, or related new construction shall not destroy historic materials that characterize the property. The new work shall be differentiated from the old and shall be compatible with the massing, size, scale, and architectural features to protect the historic integrity of the property and its environment. This standard is generally interpreted as meaning that additions should be compatible with, distinguishable from, and subordinate to, the historic resource onto which they are being constructed. Staff has provided the following analysis on these three points: TBD Packet Pg. 147 Agenda Item 6 Item 6 Page 5 -Compatible – this aspect raises the most potential for Standard 9 not being met. While the overall design is compatible with the early-twentieth century/Edwardian features of the historic house, it is a sizeable addition, several hundred square feet larger than the historic building in footprint. Staff would generally consider the use of a hyphen in between the addition and the historic house as mitigating for that larger size. -Distinguishable – the addition scores well under this aspect, differentiating itself from the exclusively brick historic residence by using mostly horizontal wood siding with some brick and synthetic stone veneer worked in to provide some visual connection to the main house. The use of a hyphen between the historic house and the addition stands to clearly divide the proposed new construction from the historic building visually. SOI #10 New additions and adjacent or related new construction will be undertaken in such a manner that, if removed in the future, the essential form and integrity of the historic property and its environment would be unimpaired. As noted under previous standards, the rear porch, while an historic feature of a farmhouse, has already been subjected to significant alteration, only retaining its historic roof and decking. Staff does not consider the rear porch to be a character-defining feature as a result, and does not anticipate that the essential form and historic integrity of the property will be diminished by the addition as restoration work to rebuild the rear porch would be required currently, and would still be required if, in the future, a full restoration was proposed. Complies 3.4.7(E)(3): Plan of Protection Staff anticipates a Plan of Protection will be needed to reduce the risk of damage to the brick historic residence. This can be completed after approval of the general project plan, and is frequently completed as part of the Building Permit review/approval process. In this case, documentation of the demolition plan, plan of attaching the addition directly to the Ziegler House and sealing the seams, equipment storage & staging, and contact information for the construction project foreman should be sufficient. SAMPLE MOTIONS Sample Motion for a Recommendation of Approval w/ Modification of Standards: “I move that the Historic Preservation Commission recommend to the Planning Director approval of the CASA Addition at the Ziegler House, 3105 East Harmony Road, finding that most aspects of the proposal comply with the Secretary of Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation, that the following proposed work items do not meet the Standards for Rehabilitation: - [list work items that do NOT meet the Standards] And that a Modification of Standards regarding those items is warranted because [select one or more of the following reasons from LUC 2.8]: Packet Pg. 148 Agenda Item 6 Item 6 Page 6 1.As Good or Better Than: the plan as submitted will promote the general purpose of the standard for which the modification is requested equally well or better than would a plan which complies with the standard for which a modification is requested; or 2.Alleviate Problem of City-wide Concern: the granting of a modification from the strict application of any standard would, without impairing the intent and purpose of this Land Use Code, substantially alleviate an existing, defined and described problem of city-wide concern or would result in a substantial benefit to the city by reason of the fact that the proposed project would substantially address an important community need specifically and expressly defined and described in the city's Comprehensive Plan or in an adopted policy, ordinance or resolution of the City Council, and the strict application of such a standard would render the project practically infeasible; or 3. Hardship: by reason of exceptional physical conditions or other extraordinary and exceptional situations, unique to such property, including, but not limited to, physical conditions such as exceptional narrowness, shallowness or topography, or physical conditions which hinder the owner's ability to install a solar energy system, the strict application of the standard sought to be modified would result in unusual and exceptional practical difficulties, or exceptional or undue hardship upon the owner of such property, provided that such difficulties or hardship are not caused by the act or omission of the applicant; or 4.Nominal and Inconsequential: the plan as submitted will not diverge from the standards of the Land Use Code that are authorized by this Division to be modified except in a nominal, inconsequential way when considered from the perspective of the entire development plan, and will continue to advance the purposes of the Land Use Code as contained in Section 1.2.2. Packet Pg. 149 Agenda Item 6 Item 6 Page 7 Sample Motion for a Recommendation of Approval: “I move that the Historic Preservation Commission recommend to the Planning Director approval of the CASA Addition at the Ziegler House, 3105 East Harmony Road, finding that the proposal complies with the Secretary of Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation. Note: It is recommended that the Commission elaborate on these basic findings, propose additional findings, or remove any of these proposed findings according to its evaluation. Sample Motion for a Recommendation of Approval w/ Conditions: “I move that the Historic Preservation Commission recommend to the Planning Director approval of the CASA Addition at the Ziegler House, 3105 East Harmony Road, finding that the proposal complies with the Secretary of Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation provided that the proposal be amended to address the following conditions: - [list conditions] Sample Motion for a Recommendation of Denial: “I move that the Historic Preservation Commission recommend to the Decision Maker denial of the CASA Addition at the Ziegler House, 3105 East Harmony Road, based on the following findings: [insert findings] Sample Motion for a Continuance: “I move that the Historic Preservation Commission continue this item to the next meeting in order to seek additional information regarding the following code requirements: [insert] ATTACHMENTS: 1.Addition Site Plan & Elevations 2.3105 E Harmony Historic Survey (2023) 3.National Park Service “Interpreting the Standards” Bulletin 37: Additions to Historic Houses 4.Staff Presentation Packet Pg. 150 ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 151 ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 152 ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 1 Packet Pg. 153 Community Development & Neighborhood Services 281 North College Avenue P.O. Box 580 Fort Collins, CO 80522.0580 970.416.4250 preservation@fcgov.com fcgov.com/historicpreservation Historic Preservation Services OFFICIAL DETERMINATION: FORT COLLINS LANDMARK ELIGIBILITY Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Historic Building Name: Ziegler, Henry A. & Ella, House Property Address: 3105 E. Harmony Road Determination: ELIGIBLE Issued: March 30, 2023 Expiration: March 30, 2028 ATTN: Jen Ryan, Executive Director Court Appointed Special Advocates, Inc. 3105 E. Harmony Road Fort Collins, CO 80528 Dear Property Owner: This letter provides you with confirmation that your property has been evaluated for Fort Collins landmark eligibility, following the requirements in Chapter 14, Article II of the Fort Collins Municipal Code, and has been found eligible for landmark designation. An intensive-level Colorado Cultural Resource Survey Form was completed by City staff who met the federal professional qualifications standards for history/architectural history in order to provide the information that serves as the basis for an evaluation of a property’s historic and/or architectural significance and its integrity, both of which are required for landmark eligibility as per Article II, Section 14-22. Staff has made the finding of Eligible based on the information and evaluation of significance, integrity, and landmark eligibility detailed in the attached form. Statement of Eligibility: The Henry A. & Martha LuElla “Ella” Ziegler Farmhouse, built in c.1905, is Eligible for designation as a Fort Collins Landmark. It is considered significant under Standard 1 (Events/Trends) in the area of Agriculture as a significant surviving reflection of the farming community of Harmony, most of which has been redeveloped since the 1980s. The Ziegler Farmhouse is considered significant under Standard 2 (Persons/Groups) in the area of Agriculture as the former farmhouse for Henry A. and Ella Ziegler, and the only surviving farm residence (and one of only three surviving resources) from the former Ziegler Brothers sheep operation in this part of Fort Collins. It is also considered significant under Standard 3 (Design/Construction) as a rare reflection of Edwardian farmhouse architecture in Fort Collins, being one of only three such property types known to survive in the area. While the property’s farmland has since been completely redeveloped, and the Henry & Ella Ziegler farm complex ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 154 - 2 - completely demolished save this building and some remnant trees, the house itself retains very strong integrity to the historic period (1905-1915). Per Article II, Section 14-23 of the code, any determination made by staff regarding eligibility may be appealed to the Commission by the applicant, any resident of the City, or owner of property in the City. Such appeal shall be set forth in writing and filed with the Director within fourteen (14) days of the date of the staff's determination. If you have any questions regarding this determination, or if I may be of any assistance, please do not hesitate to contact me. I may be reached at jbertolini@fcgov.com, or 970-416-4250. Sincerely, Jim Bertolini Senior Historic Preservation Planner Attachment: Colorado Cultural Resource Survey Architectural Inventory Form 1403, dated March 30, 2023. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 155 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 1 OAHP1403 Rev. 9/98 COLORADO CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY Architectural Inventory Form Official eligibility determination (OAHP use only) Date Initials Determined Eligible- NR Determined Not Eligible- NR Determined Eligible- SR Determined Not Eligible- SR Need Data Contributes to eligible NR District Noncontributing to eligible NR District Field Evaluation of Fort Collins Landmark Eligibility ☒ Individually Eligible ☐ Contributing to District ☐ Not Eligible ☒ Likely Eligible for State/National Register General Recommendations: The Henry A. & Martha LuElla “Ella” Ziegler Farmhouse is recommended Eligible for designation as a Fort Collins Landmark. Built in 1905 (circa), the farmhouse is one of the only surviving remnants, and the only surviving farmhouse, reflecting the Ziegler family’s once prominent sheep raising operation in the Harmony community between 1895 and 1915. It is considered significant under Standard 1 (Events/Trends) in the area of Agriculture as a significant surviving reflection of ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 156 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 2 the farming community of Harmony, most of which has been redeveloped since the 1980s. The Ziegler Farmhouse is considered significant under Standard 2 (Persons/Groups) in the area of Agriculture as the former farmhouse for Henry A. and Ella Ziegler, and the only surviving farm residence (and one of only three surviving resources) from the former Ziegler Brothers sheep operation in this part of Fort Collins. It is also considered significant under Standard 3 (Design/Construction) as a rare reflection of Edwardian farmhouse architecture in Fort Collins, being one of only three such property types known to survive in the area. While the property’s farmland has since been completely redeveloped, and the Henry & Ella Ziegler farm complex completely demolished save this building and some remnant trees, the house itself retains very strong integrity to the historic period (1905-1915). I. Identification 1. Resource number: B3215 (City); 5LR.1573 (SHPO) 2. Temporary resource number: 3. County: Larimer 4. City: Fort Collins 5. Historic building name: Ziegler, Henry A. & Ella, House 6. Current building name: Harmony House 7. Building address: 3105 Harmony Road, Fort Collins, CO 80528 8. Owner name and address: Court Appointed Special Advocates, Inc. (CASA), 3105 E. Harmony Rd, Fort Collins, CO 80528-9545 II. Geographic Information 9. P.M. 6 Township 6N Range 68W NE ¼ of NW ¼ of NW ¼ of NW ¼ of section 4 10. UTM reference Zone 13 N ; 498477 mE 4485791 mN 11. USGS quad name: Fort Collins Year: 2022 Map scale: 7.5' X 15' ☐ Attach photo copy of appropriate map section. 12. Lot(s): 2 Block: Harmony Technology Park, 1st Filing Addition/Subdivision: Harmony Technology Park, 1st Filing Year of Addition/Subdivision: 2003 13. Boundary Description and Justification: As of 2023, the boundary corresponds to Larimer County Parcel # 8604206903, also known as Lot 2 in the Harmony Technology Park Addition, 1st Filing. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 157 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 3 III. Architectural Description 14. Building plan (footprint, shape): Irregular (T-shape w/ additions/modifications) 15. Dimensions in feet: Length 62 ft x Width 45ft 16. Number of stories: 2 17. Primary external wall material(s): Brick 18. Roof configuration: Cross-gabled 19. Primary external roof material: Asphalt composition shingle 20. Special features: Dormer, Overhanging Eaves, Chimney, Balcony, Wrap Around Porch, 21. General architectural description: The Ziegler House sits on a subdivided lot, the former agricultural landscape having been sold off and redeveloped by the early 2000s. The overall site has been almost completely redeveloped for use as a social services facility. No farmland survives from the original c.1914 farmstead. The Ziegler house is a two-story, Edwardian-style residence with an irregular, semi-T-shaped footprint. Its exterior walls are primarily red brick, sitting on a dressed and coursed stone foundation. The roof is a cross-gabled T, with the rear slope closed in a double hip with a shallow hipped roof rear porch, all clad with asphalt composition shingles. The eaves are boxed, with flat fascia above and below, with decorative thin brackets. On the building’s northeast corner is a two-story porch (i.e., a porch with a balcony above). The porch is canted, has squared brick pillars, and a stone cap on top of a brick half wall on both levels, with a hipped roof above the second story and concrete story on the porch’s northeast face. Windows are primarily wood one-over-one with varying sizes, with dressed stone sills and lintels, and wood storm windows throughout. The gables on the roof to the north (front), east, and west (sides) read as dormers, with a diamond window and brick facing in the gable ends. The north (front) elevation is dominated by a canted bay projection with stacked one-over-one windows on both levels on each face of the canted mass. The flat, front panel includes large one- over-one windows, while the flanking sides of the bay have narrower one-over-one wood windows. On the northeast corner of the façade is the canted brick, two-story porch with a concrete stoop. The porch has two entries on the main level, one with a dressed stone lintel, suggesting it may have been a window previously. The upper porch has a central doorway, flanked by two one-over-one wood windows. The east elevation has a matching projecting, canted bay window, with similar window stacking of larger one-over-one windows on the east face, and narrower one-over-one windows on the flanking sides of the canted bay. The large, hipped-roof rear projection includes two stacks of windows on its east side. The northernmost has a small wood fixed window on the first floor with a round oculus window on the second. Toward the rear are a one-over-one wood window on both the first and second floor. At the basement level, there is a series of basement windows on each face of the canted ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 158 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 4 bay, as well as two on the rear hipped massing; they are 1x3 wood windows of either a hopper, awning, or fixed function. The west elevation matches the east on its forward design, except that in the small north-facing section between the north and west-facing bay projections, there is a secondary entrance with a dressed stone lintel, with a wood one-over-one window above. Also, on the rear hipped-roof massing, there is only one stack of wood, one-over-one windows near the southwest corner. The rear (south) elevation includes the main hipped roof projection, a second hipped roof projection extending the east half of the rear elevation, and includes a full-width, wood-frame rear porch. On the east half of the rear face, a single, off-center, one-over-one wood window is on the upper floor, with two wood one-over-one windows of different sizes on the first floor under the porch roof. On the west side of the rear face is a one-over-one window with a rear entry to its left/west. The rear porch has a tongue-and-groove deck resting on what appear to be brick pilings, with squared wood posts, vertical wood siding and an open window opening on the west side, and what appears to be a modern wood railing and wood stoop leading to the rear yard. It appears the rear porch may have been screened in at one point, based on the presence of transom framing above the rear stoop. There is a wood access ramp leading off the east side of the porch to the parking lot. 22. Architectural style/building type: Edwardian 23. Landscaping or special setting features: The historic landscape has been almost completely transformed to accommodate the Intel facility to the south, and the adaptive reuse of the Ziegler House for social services. There is a modern parking lot to the east, what appears to be a modern metal fence with brick fence posts along the property boundary, and a playground and basketball court on the rear half of the lot. There are two modern sheds near the southwest corner of the lot. What appear to be the only surviving elements of the historic landscape are large cottonwood (populus deltoides) trees near the southwest corner of the property, along with other trees of some age (30-50 years) along the north and west sides of the property that could not be identified due to the winter site visit. These may be remnants of a former orchard that used to sit west of the farm or could be younger elm trees (Ulmus sp.), a common planting choice in western communities isolated from Dutch Elm disease.1 There are two mature Colorado Blue Spruce trees (picea pungens) and a mature elm (likely an American elm, Ulmus americana) along the front (north) side of the property – these do not appear in the 1956 aerial and were likely planted after the Ziegler period. The large cottonwoods, large elms, and any surviving orchard trees (if actually present) should be considered historic landscape features and retained/replaced in-kind if practical. 24. Associated buildings, features, or objects: There are two non-historic sheds toward the rear/south of the property. 1 Esther Fromm to Carol Tunner, correspondence, September 19, 1991 (City of Fort Collins, Historic Preservation Services), Ms. Fromm’s grandfather was William Bender, one of the men who purchased the farm from the Zieglers in 1915. Her family members had noted that while they were growing up on the farm, there was an orchard in between the former Ziegler property and the Preston farm across present-day Ziegler Road to the west. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 159 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 5 IV. Architectural History 25. Date of Construction: Estimate: 1905 Actual: Source of information: 1997 Historic Survey (primary source analysis) 26. Architect: N/A Source of information: 27. Builder/Contractor: Henry A. Ziegler Source of information: 28. Original owner: Henry A. Ziegler Source of information: 29. Construction history (include description and dates of major additions, alterations, or demolitions): The construction history of the property is more difficult to clearly establish due to the agricultural nature of the property. Most original construction work was not documented via a building permit since it was in unincorporated Larimer County until more recently, and outbuildings in particular modified, added, or removed as needed by the functions of the property). The analysis below is based on aerial photography from 1950 onward, material from Ziegler family descendants, and information from the Larimer County Assessor. Based on the various primary and secondary sources available for the property, it appears the Ziegler family constructed a frame house on the property in approximately 1895. This home, now demolished, was southeast of the current brick house. The family added the brick residence that stands today to the farm in approximately 1905, although a firm date could not be confirmed. Over the course of developing the farmstead, the 1895 farmhouse was demolished, sheds and other accessory structures were added and demolished as needed, and a second tenant farmhouse was added southwest of the brick house that remained until 1997, with very similar features as the original Henry Ziegler house (possibly indicating salvage for the new construction). All but the brick farmhouse and some associated, mature cottonwood trees (Populus deltoides) were demolished in 1997 as part of the Harmony Technology Park development that included the Intel facility just south of the farmhouse. Aerial photography in 1956 shows the full extent of what had been (prior to 1915) the Ziegler farms operated by Henry, Mudge, and Watson Ziegler (from north to south, respectively). These farms were generally bounded by what is now Ziegler Road on the west, Harmony Road on the north, Lady Moon Drive on the east, and Kechter Road on the south. It should be noted that the Mudge Ziegler farm cannot be firmly located – based on the multiple farm residences formerly located at the Henry Ziegler farm on the north, it may ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 160 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 6 be that Mudge’s and Henry’s families lived together on the north end of the tract and shared fields and pastures. Even as late as 1956, most of the former Ziegler land was in farmland, with lateral irrigation ditches throughout, and Muskrat Ditch bisecting the southwest corner of the property. The farm appears to have had several concentrations of built complexes, anchored by the main complex near the northwest corner of the farm, the location of the surviving main residence at 3105 E. Harmony Road. At that time, the farmhouse grounds were accompanied by a barn to the east, several sheds to the southeast, and corrals and loafing sheds to the south for several hundred meters (now part of the Intel complex). A small shed and maintenance yard appears southwest of the farmhouse accessed from Ziegler Road, just opposite the Preston Farm. Near the southwest corner of the farm straddling Muskrat Ditch was a secondary, but large, barn, shed, and corral complex that extended along Ziegler Road. North of Muskrat Ditch was a barn and shed complex, two structures of which appear to survive at the northeast corner of Saber Cat Drive and Ziegler Road (owned by Poudre School District). Along Ziegler Road, there appear to be two other structures: what appears to be an equipment garage just south of Muskrat Ditch, and what appears to be a second farmhouse at the northeast corner of present-day Ziegler & Kechter Roads.2 Larimer County Assessor cards for the property from the 1950s through the 1980s provide the following insights: - 1958 – noted remodel of main brick house since 1950 - 1959 – barn torn down; 1 shed added; 1 granary added - 1961 – sheds removed (unspecified number, lost $64 in value) - 1967 – 1890 farmhouse rebuilt since 1950 (no specific date of renovation provided) - 1976 & 1988 – notes 4 remaining miscellaneous buildings: 1 garage, 2 utility sheds, and one pole shed At some point prior to 1992 (when the Henry & Ella Ziegler house was first documented for historic preservation purposes), the tower and finial above the two-story porch on the northeast corner was removed. 3Beginning in 1997, most of the Ziegler farm properties were sold for redevelopment, with the Henry Ziegler property on the north being redeveloped, excepting the brick farmhouse and some surviving, mature trees. More recent alterations and rehabilitation at the site have been limited, mostly resulting from a rehabilitation in 1998 that restored the original windows on the brick farmhouse.4 30. Original location ☒ Moved ☐ Date of move(s): 2 City of Fort Collins, Geographic Information Systems, aerial image 1r_1581, dated June 26, 1956. 3 Tania Metcalf, “3105 E. Harmony Road,” paper submitted for HY 443 American Architectural History, Colorado State University (Janet Ore), May 15, 1997, p9; Colorado Historical Society (now State Historic Preservation Office), “5LR.1573, 3105 E. Harmony Road, Harmony House,” Historic Building Inventory Record, by R.L. & T.H. Simmons (Front Range Research Associates, Inc.), copy on file at City of Fort Collins, Historic Preservation Services. 4 Josh Quesenberry, “Harmony House gets face-lift,” Fort Collins Coloradoan, March 22, 1998. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 161 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 7 V. Historical Associations 31. Original use(s): DOMESTIC-SINGLE DWELLING; AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE 32. Intermediate use(s): DOMESTIC-SINGLE DWELLING; AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE 33. Current use(s): SOCIAL-CIVIC 34. Site type(s): BUILDING 35. Historical background: *This historical background has been adapted, revised, and expanded upon from a 2005 Draft Landmark nomination form for the property prepared by Historic Preservation Services interns Katherine Molnar and Connie Barnett. The Ziegler House at 3105 East Harmony Road is one of the few surviving resources from the former community, or farming district, of Harmony, from which the road name was derived. The land on which it sits was formerly Indigenous land with association to the Arapahoe, Cheyenne, and Ute, among other nations. After the forced removal of those native people, settlers established farming colonies throughout the Poudre River watershed, including the Harmony district, which they first settled in the 1870s. Initially, the community of “Harmony” was just a small collection of farms and ranches clustered along county roads in the area. In the early 1900s, it developed into a rural freight railroad depot and passenger pick-up for the regional railroads built through northern Colorado to connect regional farms with transfer points in Denver and Cheyenne, and to provide passenger service throughout the region. Harmony Community For most of its existence until the mid-twentieth century, the Harmony community was considered a satellite village of the town of Timnath. Starting as a small collection of farms, the community expanded to include farms and a schoolhouse within the lower portions of the Cache la Poudre Valley in what is now Fort Collins just west of the present-day intersection of Harmony Road and Timberline Road.5 Farmers within the community grew an array of crops depending on market conditions at the time. Like much of Larimer County, the earliest decade from about 1865 to 1875, grain, especially wheat, was the key crop for local farmers, but environmental conditions and failing wheat prices forced more crop diversity. By the late-1870s, with livestock ranching becoming endemic in the western United States, feed crops like the newly developed alfalfa became commonplace on Larimer County cattle ranches such as those in Harmony. Farmers also grew alfalfa as a nitrogen-fixing crop that helped revive grain yields in future years, that doubled as a sheep feed crop after the expansion of the sheep industry in the area by the 1890s.6 By 1881, there were 5 Colorado Historical Society, 3101-3105 E Harmony Road (5LR.1573.2), Historic Survey, by Retrospect (Jason Marmor), 1997. 6 Louis Ann Williamson Peltz, In Search of Harmony… An Anthology, (Fort Collins, CO: LAPnotes Press, 2017), 76, 81, 84. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 162 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 8 approximately 4,160 acres in cultivation including wheat, oats, corn, timothy, rye, barley, buckwheat, smaller fruits (berries, etc.), potatoes, as well as livestock, mostly cattle, sheep, and assorted poultry.7 Fruit orchards, although usually small, were common, as well as groves of ash and walnut trees throughout the landscape.8 The Fort Collins newspaper, the Express Courier, noted that of the 4,162 acres in cultivation in the Harmony district in 1882, 3,092 acres were in wheat, 748 acres in corn, 372 acres in oats, 111 acres in various feed grasses, nine acres in barley, and 100 acres in other miscellaneous crops. By the early 1900s, farmers also rotated in sugar beets to supply the Great Western Sugar factories in Fort Collins and Loveland. By 1878, community members founded the Muddy School, later renamed Harmony School. According to oral histories from local residents, the name “Harmony” became the town and school namesake because of how well the various farmers and ranchers got along. While farming was the dominant enterprise in the area, there were other occupations represented that supported the agricultural industry, and there was a mixture of both owner-occupied farms and tenant farms throughout the area.9 Livestock raising in particular, facilitated by freight rail, became a storied agricultural enterprise for many of the farmers and ranchers in Harmony. According to local accounts, the sheep industry took hold for local ranchers as a result of a severe blizzard in 1889 that temporarily closed the railroads. This delayed a shipment of lambs headed to Nebraska from New Mexico at Walsenburg received by E.J. and I.W. Bennett. When transportation reopened, the lambs were in too poor a condition to be sent east. Instead, the Bennetts sent them to Fort Collins, where alfalfa hay was plentiful. In 1890, the Bennetts were able to market the fattened lambs in Chicago. According to local folklore, it was this incident that led to the development of sheep raising as a major industry in the Fort Collins area.10 Over 1889, farmers and ranchers had fed 3,500 lambs, but by 1901 that number had risen to 400,000. Among the most prominent local lamb farmers were W.A. Drake, Peter Anderson, Blunck, Jesse Harris, and the Zieglers. With Harmony growing into a more developed farming and ranching community, alongside other communities like Fossil Creek, Trilby, and Drake, railroad access became important. Through the 1900s, area farmers and stock raisers did not have formal railroad access and had to transport their crops or livestock to the freight depots for the Union Pacific or Colorado & Southern railroads in Fort Collins or Loveland. However, by early 1910, Harmony area residents began coordinating with the Union Pacific Railroad to construct a larger complex at the present-day northwest corner of Harmony and Timberline Roads.11 The Union Pacific Railroad became the primary freight and passenger service for Harmony, operating the still-active line between downtown Fort Collins and Harmony, and on through Kelim and Milliken to Denver. The development of Harmony prior to the post-1960s expansion of Fort Collins was agricultural, and directly tied to access to the railroad and regional markets. 7 City of Fort Collins, Historic Preservation Office, Harmony Road Historic Structures Report, by Carol Tunner; no date (early 1990s), 2; “A Day Among the Harmony Farmers,” Fort Collins Courier, June 30, 1881, p1. 8 Peltz, 75. 9 Peltz, 36. 10 Peltz, 84. 11 Peltz, 138. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 163 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 9 Harmony developed around the railroad station, and in addition to a school and a cemetery, boasted other rail-related infrastructure. A store and gas station opened at what is now the northwest corner of Harmony and Timberline Roads, with the school just to the east. North of Harmony Road was a stockyard and freight platform that could unload three cars of sheep at a time. After the rise of the sugar beet industry in northern Colorado in the 1890s, local farmers and the railroad built a large sugar beet dump also north of Harmony Road by the stockyard.12 On what is now the southwest corner of Harmony and Timberline was a grain elevator and a house for the railroad section foreman. There were two trains a day through the station.13 The Ziegler Farms The Ziegler Farms were a collection of three farmsteads established at and south of the southeast corner of what is now the intersection of Ziegler and Harmony Roads operated by Henry, Mudge, and Watson Ziegler, all brothers. The farmhouse that is the subject of this survey was the primary farmhouse (although second to be built) by Henry Addison Ziegler, the northernmost of the farm steads. The land that comprises the Ziegler Farms was first patented by George Baxter and William Camp. Camp purchased the 160 acres that became the south half of the Ziegler farm from the General Land Office in June of 1874. Baxter filed a Homestead Act claim with the General Land Office for the north 161 acres (the northern half of what became the Ziegler Farm) in June of 1881.14 At some point prior to 1895, Baxter purchased the Camp property and consolidated them into one farm. During the 1880s, many immigrant farmers in the Harmony area, who had acquired debts to start their farms, experienced rough times due to a lack of demand for alfalfa and a decline in value of cattle and horses, perhaps aggravated by the harsh winter of 1887, known as the “big die-up.” Likely also destabilized by the Silver Panic in 1893 that destabilized the mining, agricultural, and real estate industries, Baxter choose to sell the farmstead in 1895. That year, Henry A. Ziegler, Mudge Ziegler, Watson Ziegler, Joseph C. Davis, and William F. McGrew pooled their resources to purchase the full property (the entire west half of Section 4 in the township) from Baxter, along with seven shares of Larimer No. 2 Canal water and one share of New Mercer Ditch water.15 Henry Ziegler was born February 28, 1858 in Iowa. In 1881, at the age of 23, Henry moved to Colorado and married Martha Luella Maxwell (born November 28, 1861) in Denver in 1892. Together they moved north to the already prospering Harmony district in 1895, when they bought the land from Baxter. By 1897, Davis and McGrew sold their rights to the land and water to the three Ziegler brothers, who promptly proceeded to divvy up the land. By 1907, the brothers made their land divisions legal. Henry owned the northern 90 acres, Mudge owned the 110 acres adjoining to the south, and Watson owned the southernmost and largest section of land, amounting to 120 acres. However, it should be noted that it is unclear where the Mudge Ziegler farmstead was actually located – 1950 aerial photographs (the first available for this area), show several candidates but it is 12 Peltz, 29. 13 City of Fort Collins (Tunner), 2. 14 Bureau of Land Management (BLM), General Land Office Records, COCOAA 040884, “George W. Baxter,” June 30, 1881, patent for 161.08 acres under the 1862 Homestead Act. 15 Chain of Title, Parcel #86040-00-003, NW ¼ of Section 4, Township 6 North, Range 68 West, copy on file with City of Fort Collins Historic Preservation Services, “3105 E. Harmony” research folder. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 164 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 10 also possible that Mudge’s family lived at the Henry Ziegler stead in one of the several farmhouses that was built on that site. H.A. Ziegler’s seven children (Eunice Rena, Jettie June, Cecile Orva, Fanny Marie, Laura Bell, Vivian Uno, and Amzi Maxwell) all walked down Harmony Road each day to attend the Harmony School. The Harmony Cemetery Association formed in 1891 to care for the small cemetery. Sadly, Ziegler’s daughter Laura Bell (2 ½ years old) and three of the neighboring Mr. Brownell’s daughters all contracted fatal cases of blood poisoning resulting from attempted vaccinations against smallpox. Their bodies rest in the Harmony Cemetery, which still exists today. While also raising other crops, the Zieglers were best known for sheep production. This generally consisted of buying lambs soon after birth, shipping them to their farms in Harmony (and their holdings in other parts of Colorado such as Lamar), finishing them on alfalfa feed, and then sending them to markets farther east like Chicago via the Timnath freight depot. Local newspapers variably combine the Zieglers into the “Ziegler Brothers” operation or list H.A., Mudge, and Watson’s production separately, indicating that while the brothers operated different farms, they often coordinated their efforts. By 1906, the Fort Collins Express documented the larger conditions of sheep raising in northern Colorado, noting the head of livestock on each sheep ranch – of the 127 Fort Collins area ranchers in that year, the Zieglers were sixth in overall production at 4500 lambs on their fields for finishing. The article noted that there were approximately 750,000 sheep feeding on northern Colorado ranches that year. In what is now south Fort Collins, W.A. Drake was the key raiser, and often facilitated transfers of lambs to local ranchers for finishing, and for shipping off to market once finished.16 After procuring their land in 1895, Henry Ziegler and his family built a small, temporary, wooden farmhouse. Little is known about this building, except that it was originally located to the southwest of the later brick home. The building, seen behind the brick farmhouse in one photograph, is radically different from another farm dwelling razed when the Intel facility to the south was built. Though the two buildings could potentially be one-and-the-same (though moved and altered), historian Jason Marmor contends that they are most likely different structures. The Zieglers lived in the small farmhouse while they built their larger, Victorian brick home, which they completed in 1905. The Zieglers gained access to electricity in 1910 via power connections to the larger Northern Colorado Power Company with electric generators installed on both the H.A. and Watson Ziegler farmsteads, the latter of which used the power to operate the alfalfa mill completed the same year. The Larimer County Independent noted the installation and provided a vignette into the utility systems of the H.A. Ziegler house: “H.A. Ziegler has had a gasoline engine in his windmill which pumped the water from a well beneath the mill house into a 225-barrel tank built beside the mill. From this tank the waterflowed by gravity to the sheep yards. It is still pumped into this tank and it still flows by gravity to the sheep yards, but it is pumped into the tank by a 2-horsepower electric motor, which never is out of order, because the “juice” is always at hand from a special two-mile line that was built as a cut-off from the Timnath line of the Northern Colorado Power company. H.A. Ziegler used to get his water from the same tank from which he supplied his sheep yards, but inasmuch as this is slightly tainted with alkali, he decided to get a different kind of 16 “With the Lamb Feeders,” Fort Collins Express, January 3, 1906, p1. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 165 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 11 water, and, what’s more, he wanted that water to flow in pipes throughout his whole house from cellar to roof…. The house of H.A. Ziegler has a slate roof, from which all the rain water and snow water drains into one large pipe, which flows into an especially built cistern in the rear of the house. This cistern is made up of two comportments, separated by a wall made of a very porous brick. The water percolates through the brick wall and is thereby perfectly filtered. From the second chamber it flows into a pipe that leads into the pump in the cellar of the house. Through this pressure pump the water is forced up into a 350-gallon heavy pressure tank, where it remains ready for use throughout the house at all times. If very little water is used in the house, the water comes into the tank until it is nearly full, when an automatic pressure regulator does its work and stops the pump. With the electricity right there, both H.A. and Watson Ziegler have had their houses fitted up with electric lights, and the Mesdames Ziegler are installing all sorts of electric patent appliances, such as toasters, iron heaters, etc., for the purpose of lightening the household work, which is inclined to be arduous in such large establishments.”17 All three Ziegler brothers became well known throughout the region as both established farmers and sheep raisers, but also advocates for local agriculture. In 1909, all three brothers filed suit against the Warren Lake Reservoir Company to raise the height of their detention dam to allow them to store their water right there for future use.18 That suit continued through 1911 and was covered regularly in the news since it affected a threat to the rights of water storage and irrigation for three separate irrigation districts in the Platte River watershed. Watson Ziegler was a key organizer and participant in the proceedings, including a tumultuous meeting at Ault’s Hall in Fort Collins in late 1911.19 Part of the tension involved among area farmers at the time was the habit of local ditch companies and water engineers to dramatically overcalculate the amount of water available – 1900s writer Elwood Mead noted in 1903 that along the Poudre River, some 4,693 acre feet of water had been appropriated for area farmers out of a mean June streamflow of 2,900 and an August flow of 265.20 These types of inconsistencies were often adjudicated by the federal Bureau of Reclamation following its establishment in 1902. The Zieglers also made the papers more infamously: in early 1912, both Watson and Mudge Zieglers, also officers of the Montezuma Coal Company in Delta county, were indicted by a federal grand jury along with their business partner Charles Mantz and charged with intimidating a local homesteader, Elmer G. Rusler. After Rusler refused to allow access to his land, the charges noted that the company, at the direction of the three officers, tore down Rusler’s fence and attempted to frighten him into cooperation.21 Watson Ziegler in particular regularly provided lectures about sheep feeding and was the first in the region to install a working alfalfa mill on his farm.22 In a news article following one such lecture, the journalist billed Watson as “one of the largest and most successful feeders in the west, having fed as 17 “Ziegler Ranches are now Supplied with Electricity,” The Larimer County Independent, May 12, 1910, p6. 18 “Increase Capacity of Warren Lake,” The Larimer County Independent, March 24, 1909, p3. 19 “Claim Right to Store Water,” Fort Collins Express, June 22, 1911, p3; “Reservoir and Ditch Owners Prepare to Defend Their Rights,” Fort Collins Express, November 2, 1911, p1. 20 Michael Holleran, Historic Context for Irrigation and Water Supply Ditches and Canals in Colorado, (Colorado Center for Preservation Research, University of Colorado at Denver, 2005), p21. 21 “Ziegler Bros. Are Indicted,” Fort Collins Express, January 11, 1912. 22 “Alfalfa Mill Arrives in City,” Fort Collins Express, December 30, 1909, p6. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 166 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 12 high as 25,000 sheep a season…”23 While it is worth noting that other producers regularly raised similar amounts of sheep in the area, including W.A. Drake, the Ziegler Brothers were regularly among the most productive in the Fort Collins area. In Watson’s 1910 lecture covered by the Larimer Independent, he noted that with the advent of feed mills that could combine grain (mostly corn) and alfalfa feed together, sheep raising could be made more efficient. He also provided advice on grading sheep, noting that Merino stock, mixed with any of the good mutton breeds, were the best mix for the range (this was the general trend throughout the region).24 Watson also noted the value of self-feeders for fattening lambs, an invention of the Ziegler Brothers, at least locally. He further advised that with the Zieglers’ method of mixing hay and feed, they could shorten the fattening time from four months via standard pasturing and feeding to ninety days or less.25 The mixing of hay and grain feed became all the easier on the Ziegler farm shortly thereafter when their alfalfa mill, the first in the region, became operational in February 1910.26 Meanwhile in 1904, Watson Ziegler, Henry’s brother, became the head pastor in the new Seventh Day Adventist congregation in Fort Collins.27 While he regularly ministered and officiated weddings and funerals, Watson remained active on his portion of the family farms, becoming one of the more renowned sheep stockmen in northern Colorado according to contemporary newspaper accounts. In 1911, local journalist and historian Ansel Watrous credited Watson Ziegler, along with his brother (Henry) with doing “much in the Harmony district towards establishing farming in Colorado upon a scientific basis.”28 In 1914, Watson Ziegler gave an interview to the Kansas City Drovers Telegram that the Larimer County Independent reprinted, noting the potential alternatives to sugar beet growing due to concerns about repealing the sugar tariff. The article noted: “…barley will be the crop to replace beets and [Watson] says that this grain will be used to take the place of corn in feeding live stock…. …Seven hundred thousand lambs and sheep, the largest number in the history of Fort Collins district, are on feed in northern Colorado according to Watson Ziegler of Fort Collins. Besides, about 3,500 cattle are being fattened in that section of the Centennial state during this winter. ‘A quarter of a century ago,’ said Mr. Ziegler, who is a heavy dealer, ‘no cattle or sheep were fed in the northern part of Colorado, which is referred to as the Fort Collins district….The other great industry is the raising of sugar beets. In fact, it was the establishment of the big sugar beet factories that started the cattle and sheep feeding. Six sugar beet factories, turning out millions of pounds of sugar a year, and feed products means much to our district.’ Mr. Ziegler was asked what would happen were these plants to shut down when the sugar tariff is removed, as is proposed. 23 “Buying Right is Secret of Success,” The Larimer Independent, January 13, 1910, p2. 24 L.G. Connor, “A Brief History of the Sheep Industry in the United States,” Agricultural History Society Papers, Vol. 1 (1921), pp137-165, 167-197. 25 “Buying Right…,” p2. 26 The Larimer County Independent, February 17, 1910, p15. 27 Ansel Watrous, History of Larimer County, Colorado, (Fort Collins, CO: The Courier Printing & Publishing Co., 1911), 208, 261. 28 Watrous, 261. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 167 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 13 ‘Then we would turn our attention to raising more alfalfa, also barley, and go right on feeding just as many cattle and sheep as we have been doing…We have found out there is very little difference in the feeding value of the barley we can raise there under irrigation, and corn. And we must have the alfalfa, which is a good feed, and which makes up the very best balanced ration, with barley.”29 As prominent local farmers and sheep stockmen, their everyday work was well-documented in the local newspapers at the time. Below are some annotated notes from local news coverage related to all three Zieglers (Henry, Mudge, and Watson): - 1900, November 10 – Ziegler Bros. load 11 [railroad] cars of lambs for market in Timnath.30 - 1900, December 1 – Ziegler Bros. record 4500 lambs sent to market (the second largest of all that year behind R.J. Cowden with 5000 lambs (most others were in the 500-2500 range).31 - 1903, March 4 – Mudge Ziegler noted in an interview with the Omaha Drover’s Journal (republished in the Fort Collins Express) that less than half the number of usual sheep were on Larimer County ranges due to the dry weather the previous year and the high price of grain and hay. He further predicted that sheep raisers would give way to sugar beet raisers since that had proven more reliably profitable than alfalfa growing for livestock feed. By that time, sugar beet raising was Larimer County’s principal industry, with the new sugar mill in Fort Collins (on Vine Drive) already under construction.32 - 1904, April 27 – Ziegler Bros. sent five cars of lambs to market.33 - 1904, May 4 – Ziegler Bros. sent four additional cars of lambs to market.34 - 1905, August 2 - The Ziegler brothers purchased an automobile, still a rare purchase outside of more wealthy and successful homes in the United States at the time.35 - 1905, October 25 – Ziegler Bros. unload 7,000 head of lambs and drove them to their feed pens.36 - 1906, January 3 – In an overview of area sheep raising, of the 127 Fort Collins area sheep ranchers listed, the Zieglers were noted as 6th in production (at 4,500 head).37 - 1907, October 30 – H.A. Ziegler received 9 cars of lambs for finishing; Watson Ziegler received 5 cars.38 - 1909, December 30 – Watson Ziegler receives an alfalfa mill.39 - 1910, May 12 – Ziegler ranches electrify with a connection to the Northern Colorado Power Company from Timnath.40 29 “If the Sugar Factory Does Not Operate,” The Larimer County Independent, January 16, 1914, p7. 30 “Timnath,” Fort Collins Express, November 10, 1900, p2. 31 Fort Collins Express, December 1, 1900, p4. 32 “An Interesting Interview,” Fort Collins Express, March 4, 1903, p10. 33 The Larimer County Independent, April 27, 1904, p6. 34 The Larimer County Independent, May 4, 1904, p6. 35 “Timnath,” Larimer County Independent, August 2, 1905, p2. 36 “Local Notes,” Fort Collins Express, October 25, 1905, p4. 37 “With the Lamb Feeders,” Fort Collins Express, January 3, 1906, p1. 38 The Larimer County Independent, October 30, 1907, p11. 39 “Alfalfa Mill Arrives in City,” Fort Collins Express, December 30, 1909, p6. 40 “Ziegler Ranches are Now Supplied with Electricity,” The Larimer County Independent, May 12, 1910, p6. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 168 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 14 - 1912, March 14 – Ziegler Brothers ship 6 cars of lambs to market due to high prices in eastern markets.41 - 1912, October 18 – Watson and Mudge Ziegler go to Utah to retrieve a purchase of 7,000 lambs to be shipped to their Harmony ranches.42 - 1914, April 9 – Watson Ziegler noted as pledging 12 dairy cows to support a cooperatively supported milk condensary in Fort Collins.43 In 1915, Henry, Mudge, and Watson decided to sell their combined property to Samuel F. Webster and William F. Bender. The Larimer County Independent noted the sale: “A deed filed here today shows the transfer of one of the best pieces of farming land in the county. The west half of section 4, township 6, range 68, known as the Ziegler farm, goes into the hands of Sam F. Webster and William Bender. The 320 acres make one of the best improved frams in the valley. The transfer was the result of indebtedness amounting to $58,900 and is made to the new owners by Mudge Ziegler, Watson Ziegler and Mr. and Mrs. Ziegler.”44 The Zieglers moved to town, to 516 S. Meldrum, where some of them lived until 1933. Henry A. Ziegler apparently worked briefly at the meat department of the Colorado Grocery and Market at 142 Linden Street, announced in 1919.45 He died in early 1921 at the Boulder Sanitarium, leaving Ella, and their six children in Fort Collins.46 In 1922, the city directory lists the following Zieglers and their occupations at 516 S. Meldrum: Amzi M. Ziegler, Fanny Ziegler (student), Cecile O. Ziegler (teacher), and Eunice R. Ziegler (teacher). Vivian Uno was still too young to be listed in the directory at this time. Jettie June had married and had nine children with their Harmony neighbor Albert Brownell. Henry Addison Ziegler passed away on February 7, 1921 at the age of 62. His wife Martha followed him in death eleven years later. She passed on February 23, 1932 at the age of 70. In 1933, only Fanny, Cecil, and Vivian still resided at 516 S. Meldrum, and by 1940, there were no Zieglers left at that location. Edwardian Farmhouse Architecture The Henry & Ella Ziegler farmhouse is an example of Edwardian architecture adapted to the farmhouse needs of the Ziegler family. Edwardian architecture is a late-Victorian era style very similar to the well-known Queen Anne style. Originating in England and France, the style was influenced by the revival of Classicism in architecture around the turn of the century and adopted by Progressive Era architects in the United States. From the 1890s onward, both Classically inspired styles like the Edwardian, and Arts and Crafts styles like Craftsman bungalows, were a cultural response to perceived instability in American culture at the time brought on by both labor movements and large-scale influxes of immigration. Where the Arts and Crafts movement alluded to the log cabins of the frontier, the Edwardian, along with other Classical Revival buildings, responded to the more elaborate Victorian styles that American contemporaries of the 1890s and 1900s 41 “Feeders Rush Stock to Market,” Fort Collins Express, March 14, 1912, p11. 42 “Movement of Lambs is on in Earnest,” The Larimer County Independent, October 18, 1912, p3. 43 “Farmers Enthusiastic in Efforts for Condensary,” Fort Collins Express, April 9, 1914, p1. 44 “Valuable Farm is Transferred Today,” The Larimer County Independent, November 5, 1915, p1. 45 Fort Collins Express, October 10, 1919, p6; Larimer County Directory, 1919, p79. 46 “Old Resident of Fort Collins Dies Leaving Widow, Six Children,” Fort Collins Courier, February 8, 1921. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 169 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 15 considered gaudy. The more restrained styles like the Edwardian remained familiar within the Victorian era but brought the balance of Greek and Roman design considered that architects of the time considered a useful counterpoint for buildings in the American republic.47 While most farmhouses were fairly unadorned and may not have been designed by any architect or adopted popular design styles of the time, wealthier farmers like the Zieglers often commissioned farmhouses that were excellent examples of contemporary architecture. The Henry & Ella Ziegler home is an excellent and rare example of early-20th century Edwardian design within this context. The farmhouse is noted in the 1994 agricultural history survey for the City of Fort Collins among several “Victorian Eclectic” farmhouses in the survey area in addition to the Michaud and Preston farmhouses at 3317 West Larimer County Road 50 and 4605 Ziegler Road, respectively. The Michaud property survives in the Fort Collins Growth Management Area but is outside city limits. The Preston Farm complex was Landmarked in 1998. The other Victorian farmhouses listed are (H.A. Ziegler house bolded): - 3105 E. Harmony Road - 3040 West Vine Drive (extant, outside city limits) - 400 South Overland Trail (demolished or heavily altered since) - 2600 Cedarwood Drive (Landmarked in 1993, Cunningham Corner Barn) - 3624 East Mulberry Street (extant; outside city limits)48 Both the 3040 West Vine Drive and 3624 East Mulberry Street farmhouses appear to be the only surviving peers of the Ziegler House within this architectural context. After the Zieglers Between 1915 and 1928, Samuel F. Webster owned the Ziegler farms along present-day Ziegler Road, and continued to operate farms there. In 1920 Samuel Webster was sole owner. He was independently wealthy by the age of sixteen through “hard work, long hours in the field plowing, sowing and harvesting crops, feeding stock, wise management and prudent husbanding of his resources.” Webster was another large-scale sheep rancher in the Harmony area. Similar to W.A. Drake, he was one of the larger purchasers and raisers of lambs for local sheep ranchers as well as his own operation. In the fall of 1912, Webster alone sold 70,000 lambs to Fort Collins area sheep raisers.49 His family already owned vast tracks of land in the Harmony area; Ziegler’s land only increased his assets. Eventually Webster moved his family into town, where they took up residence at 300 Matthews. In 1928, the old Ziegler farmstead passed from Samuel F. Webster to Isabel and Roy S. Garrett. In turn, they gave the land to their children, who eventually sold it to Alice M. Kluver in 1958. Ms. Kluver surrendered small portions of land to the Department of Highways, to make room for the ever-widening Harmony Road. The property later passed to Kluver’s daughter Viola and her husband John Moore (K and M Company), who donated it to the Court Appointed Special 47 History Colorado, State Historic Preservation Office, “Edwardian,” Colorado’s Historic Architecture & Engineering Guide, https://www.historycolorado.org/edwardian, accessed March 17, 2023. 48 City of Fort Collins, Planning Department, Agriculture in the Fort Collins Urban Growth Area, 1862-1994, by Carl & Karen McWilliams, (Fort Collins, 1995), p33, https://www.fcgov.com/historicpreservation/pdf/agriculture- uga.pdf?1597702306. 49 “Movement of Lambs…” p3. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 170 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 16 Advocates of Larimer County in 1991. In 1997, the farmland for all three former Ziegler properties began a multi-phase redevelopment into the present-day Harmony Technology Park (including the Intel facility directly south of the 3105 E. Harmony brick house), a series of medical clinics on the east side of Ziegler Road, Fossil Ridge High School, and Twin Silos Park. Today the brick Ziegler house is home to CASA of Larimer County (Court Appointed Special Advocates), a non-profit facility focused on supervised visitation for families with children that benefit from a neutral space due to special circumstances such as divorce, restraining orders, abuse history, etc. Larimer County judges William Dressel and John-David Sullivan founded CASA of Larimer County in 1987 and in 1991, received the Henry & Ella Ziegler farmhouse, or “Harmony House,” as a donation to support the organization’s work. It was one of the first such programs to be established in Colorado.50 36. Sources of information: Anonymous, n.d. “Title Chain for the NW ¼ of Section 4, Township 6 North, Range 68 West, Parcel # 86040-00-003,” on file at Local History Archives, Fort Collins Public Library. Ashton, Donald J., 1993 Letter (with photographs) to John and Viola Moore, October 10, 1993. Bureau of Land Management (BLM), General Land Office Records. COCOAA 040884, “George W. Baxter,” June 30, 1881. City of Fort Collins, Geographic Information Systems, Historic Aerial Imagery. City of Fort Collins, Historic Preservation Office. Harmony Road Historic Structures Report, by Carol Tunner. No date (early 1990s). City of Fort Collins, Planning Department, Agriculture in the Fort Collins Urban Growth Area, 1862-1994, by Carl & Karen McWilliams, (Fort Collins, 1995), p33, https://www.fcgov.com/historicpreservation/pdf/agriculture-uga.pdf?1597702306. Colorado Historical Society (now State Historic Preservation Office), “5LR.1573, 3105 E. Harmony Road, Harmony House,” Historic Building Inventory Record, by R.L. & T.H. Simmons (Front Range Research Associates, Inc.), copy on file at City of Fort Collins, Historic Preservation Services. ---. 3101-3105 E Harmony Road (5LR.1573.2), Historic Survey, by Retrospect (Jason Marmor), 1997. Fort Collins Coloradoan. Fort Collins Coloradoan Archives, https://coloradoan.newspapers.com/?xid=882. - Quesenberry, Josh 1998: “Harmony House gets face-lift,” March 22, 1998. Fort Collins Courier. Fort Collins Coloradoan Archives, https://coloradoan.newspapers.com/?xid=882. - “A Day Among the Harmony Farmers,” June 30, 1881, p1. 50 Cindy Wright, “Style Salutes: Laura Hunt,” Lydia’s Style Magazine, no date, copy on file at City of Fort Collins, Historic Preservation Services. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 171 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 17 - “Old Resident of Fort Collins Dies Leaving Widow, Six Children,” (H.A. Ziegler obituary), February 8, 1921. Fort Collins Express. Fort Collins Coloradoan Archives, https://coloradoan.newspapers.com/?xid=882. - “Alfalfa Mill Arrives in City,” December 30, 1909, p6. - “Claim Right to Store Water,” June 22, 1911, p3 - Nichols, David, “A New Comer’s Impression,” September 7, 1889. - “Reservoir and Ditch Owners Prepare to Defend Their Rights,” Fort Collins Express, November 2, 1911, p1. - “With the Lamb Feeders,” January 3, 1906, p1. - “Ziegler Bros. Are Indicted,” January 11, 1912. Fort Collins Express-Courier. Fort Collins Coloradoan Archives, https://coloradoan.newspapers.com/?xid=882. Fort Collins Museum of Discovery. - Fort Collins City Directories. - “Map of Irrigated Farm Owners of Northern Colorado.” 1915. https://fchc.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/hm/id/1847/rec/18 - History Colorado, State Historic Preservation Office. “Edwardian,” Colorado’s Historic Architecture & Engineering Guide, https://www.historycolorado.org/edwardian, accessed March 17, 2023. Holleran, Michael. Historic Context for Irrigation and Water Supply Ditches and Canals in Colorado. Colorado Center for Preservation Research: University of Colorado at Denver, 2005. Larimer County Independent. Fort Collins Coloradoan Archives, https://coloradoan.newspapers.com/?xid=882. - “Ziegler Ranches are now Supplied with Electricity,” May 12, 1910, p6. - “Increase Capacity of Warren Lake,” March 24, 1909, p3. Metcalf, Tania. “3105 E. Harmony Road,” paper submitted for HY 443 American Architectural History, Colorado State University (Janet Ore), May 15, 1997. Tunner, Carol. “A Little Place Called ‘Harmony,’” copy on file at City of Fort Collins, Historic Preservation Services. Watrous, Ansel, 1911 History of Larimer County, Colorado, The Courier Printing & Publishing Company, Fort Collins. Williamson Peltz, Louis Ann. In Search of Harmony… An Anthology. Fort Collins, CO: LAPnotes Press, 2017. Wright, Cindy. “Style Salutes: Laura Hunt,” Lydia’s Style Magazine. No date, copy on file at City of Fort Collins, Historic Preservation Services. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 172 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 18 VI. Significance 37. Local landmark designation: Yes ☐ No ☒ Date of designation: Designating authority: 38. Applicable Eligibility Criteria: National Register Fort Collins Register ☐ A. ☒ 1. Associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad pattern of our history; ☒ B. ☒ 2. Associated with the lives of persons significant in our past; ☒ C. ☒ 3. Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represents the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or ☐ D. ☐ 4. Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in history or prehistory. ☐ Qualifies under Criteria Considerations A through G (see Manual) ☐ Does not meet any of the above criteria Needs additional research under standards: ☐ A/1 ☐ B/2 ☐ C/3 ☐ D/4 39. Area(s) of significance: Agriculture; Architecture 40. Period of significance: 1905-1915 41. Level of significance: National ☐ State ☐ Local ☒ 42. Statement of significance: The Ziegler, or Harmony House, at 3105 Harmony Road meets the criteria for Fort Collins Landmark Designation under Standard 1 (Events/Trends), 2 (Persons/Groups), and 3 (Design/Construction). The Henry A. & Ella Ziegler Farmhouse is significant under Standard 1 (Events/Trends) in the area of Agriculture as one of the few surviving historic resources from the former community of Harmony that now sits within southeast Fort Collins. Although almost all of the farmland associated with this community has now been redeveloped along with nearly all of the buildings, structures, and sites associated with it, the Ziegler Farmhouse stands as one of a handful of surviving reflections of the place that remain in their original locations. Of around fifty farms and ranches in the Harmony area noted in 1914, as well as the railroad siding and other community resources, it appears only a ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 173 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 19 dozen Harmony-associated 51 properties are known to survive at the time of this report.52 Those include: - 1500 blk (south) Harmony Road, Harmony Cemetery - 2112 E. Harmony Road, Harmony School (Landmarked) - 3733 E. Harmony Road, Oliver-Webster-Garrett Farm (Landmark-Eligible) - 2124 Kechter Road, Henry Webster property (1914) - 3620 Kechter Road, Williard Harding property (1914) (due for demolition) - 5529 S. Timberline Road, Gill-Nelson Farm (Landmarked) - 5716 S. Timberline Road, U.S. Grant Frederick property (1914) - 6000 (approximately) S. Timberline Road, Dominick Gill/Hansen Farm - 6417 S. Timberline Road, Samuel F. Webster & George F. Avery Farm (1914) - 4605 Ziegler Road, Preston Farm (Landmarked) - 5117-5237 Ziegler Road, Ella Brown property (1914) - 5308 Ziegler Road, Watson Ziegler barn and outbuildings - 6109-6131 Ziegler Road, J.R. & D.D. Doty Farm (1914) Under Standard 2, Persons/Groups, the property is significant in the area of Agriculture for association with prominent Larimer County sheep rancher Henry A. Ziegler and his wife, Ella, from the home’s construction in 1905 to the Ziegler’s sale of the full farm property in 1915. The property is also significant under Standard 2 in the area of Agriculture as one of only three surviving structures associated with the Ziegler Brothers sheep raising operation in the Harmony District, considered at the time one of the largest and most influential ranches of its kind in the region. The other two associated properties are a barn and outbuilding now owned by Poudre School District at the northwest corner of Ziegler Road and Saber Cat Drive, the remnants of the Watson Ziegler farmstead. While the Ziegler family purchased the full half-section that comprised the Henry, Mudge, and Watson farms in 1895, they did not construct the brick farmhouse at 3105 E. Harmony until 1905. The home remains as the best reflection of the Ziegler family who were among the Harmony district’s most influential and successful ranchers alongside Samuel F. Webster and Benjamin Preston. The house is also significant under Standard 3, Design/Construction, as an excellent example of the Edwardian style architecture in Fort Collins, and among only three such Edwardian-style farmhouses known to survive in the Fort Collins area. While Edwardian architecture is ubiquitous in Fort Collins, adopted quite often in the streetcar suburban developments of the community in the 1900s- 1920s, it was less commonly adopted on the agricultural farms outside of the city, at least on those farmsteads that survive. The Ziegler Farmhouse is also one of only eleven (approximately) surviving farmhouses from the former community of Harmony, a community that used to have approximately fifty such farm properties within its vicinity. In addition to its high-style design, it stands as one of the only reflections of farmhouse architecture surviving and intact in this part of southeast Fort Collins. 51 The boundaries between communities such as Harmony, Drake, McClelland, and Trilby are not well-defined. The author generally used surviving farms within two miles of the Harmony railroad siding (northwest corner of Harmony Road and Timberline Road) as the study area. 52 “Map of the Irrigated Farms North of Denver,” Historic Maps Collection, Fort Collins Museum of Discovery, https://fchc.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/hm/id/1847/rec/18, accessed March 17, 2023. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 174 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 20 Based on the severe disturbance of soils and redevelopment of all but a small part of the former farm complex, the property is not considered significant under Standard 4 as there is minimal potential for intact, diagnostic, and significant archaeological discoveries on the remaining property. 43. Assessment of historic physical integrity related to significance: The property possesses good overall integrity in all seven aspects of integrity, and retains sufficient integrity to convey its connection to the former community of Harmony, and to the Ziegler period of operation on the farm. The farmhouse itself retains excellent historic integrity of design, workmanship, and materials, having only minimal modifications, such as the loss of the tower roof and finial on the two-story roof at the building’s northeast corner. It also possesses integrity of location, sitting on its original site of construction in 1905. The integrity of setting and feeling are the most disrupted, due to the loss of most of the farmstead and the redevelopment of all of the farmland for new industrial facilities to the south, as well as the expansion of Harmony Road from a smaller county road into a six-lane divided highway. The immediate setting of the farmhouse remains somewhat intact, with the yard and many of the yard trees (cottonwoods, elms, and evergreens) surviving near the house. Together, the property also retains sufficient integrity of association to convey its history as a farmhouse for the Zieglers, and its architectural significance as an example of Edwardian farmhouse construction in Fort Collins. Its integrity of association with the property’s agricultural history is disrupted significantly. Based on the significance of the property, and the preponderance of aspects of historic integrity, the property retains sufficient integrity to remain Eligible under Standards 1, 2, and 3. The property also is likely eligible for the National Register of Historic Places under Criterion B and C for association with the Ziegler family and as a significant example of Edwardian farmhouse architecture in Fort Collins. It may also be eligible under Criterion A for association with the former community of Harmony but its disrupted integrity makes association with the farming community, and under agricultural significance, problematic under the standards for that federal program. VII. National and Fort Collins Register Eligibility Assessment 44. Eligibility field assessment: National: Eligible ☒ Not Eligible ☐ Need Data ☐ Fort Collins: Eligible ☒ Not Eligible ☐ Need Data ☐ 45. Is there district potential? Yes ☐ No ☒ Discuss: N/A If there is district potential, is this building: Contributing ☐ Non-contributing ☐ ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 175 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 21 46. If the building is in existing district, is it: Contributing ☐ Noncontributing ☐ VIII. Recording Information 47. Photograph numbers: digital series, taken by Jim Bertolini Negatives filed at: digital images filed at the City of Fort Collins Historic Preservation Services 48. Report title: N/A 49. Date(s): February 7 (survey) & March 30 (issued), 2023 50. Recorder(s): Jim Bertolini 51. Organization: City of Fort Collins, Historic Preservation Services 52. Address: 281 N. College Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521 53. Phone number(s): 970-416-4250, preservation@fcgov.com NOTE: Please include a sketch map, a photocopy of the USGS quad map indicating resource location, and photographs. History Colorado - Office of Archaeology & Historic Preservation 1200 Broadway, Denver, CO 80203 (303) 866-3395 ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 176 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 22 Site Photos and Maps ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 177 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 23 Map of the site by Jason Marmor (Retrospect) for 1997 historic survey. All structures except the brick farmhouse were razed after 1997 to make way for the Intel campus to the south; several of the mature trees remain. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 178 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 24 Left: Ziegler farmhouse, 3105 E Harmony Rd, October 1950, Fort Collins Museum of Discovery (Image # 86040_00_003A_50). Right: Ziegler farmhouse sometime after construction (no date), Ziegler family photograph; note the tower roof and finial above the screened in porch.53 Photographs of former buildings (left, a now demolished shed, and right, a c.1950 farmhouse) on the 3105 E. Harmony site prior to replatting and redevelopment for the Intel development to the south, October, 1950, Fort Collins Museum of Discovery (Images # 86040_00_003B_50 & 003C_50). 53 Ziegler family photograph is from Donald Ashton, son of Vivian, youngest daughter of henry and Martha (Ella) Ziegler; image appeared in Metcalf, p9. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 179 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 25 Map of the Irrigated Farms north of Denver, 1914, red outline of Mudge & Henry Ziegler Farm, Fort Collins Museum of Discovery. 1956 aerial image showing present-day intersection of Ziegler Rd and Harmony Rd, with the Mudge & Henry Ziegler Farm (1914 extent) outlined in red; City of Fort Collins GIS data files, photo dated June 26, 1956, ID 1r_1581). ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 180 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 26 1969 aerial image showing present-day intersection of Ziegler Rd and Harmony Rd, with the Mudge & Henry Ziegler Farm (1914 extent) outlined in red; City of Fort Collins GIS data files, photo dated August 24, 1969, ID 3kk-291). 3105 E. Harmony, North façade looking south, February 7, 2023. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 181 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 27 3105 E. Harmony, North and west elevations, looking southeast, February 7, 2023. 3105 E. Harmony, West elevation, looking east, February 7, 2023. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 182 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 28 3105 E. Harmony, South elevation, looking north, February 7, 2023. 3105 E. Harmony, South and east elevations, looking northwest, February 7, 2023. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 183 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 29 3105 E. Harmony, East elevation, looking west, February 7, 2023. 3105 E. Harmony, looking northwest from parking lot, February 7, 2023. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 184 Resource Number: B3215 (City): 5LR.1573 (SHPO) Address: 3105 E. Harmony Rd 30 3105 E. Harmony, looking west from parking lot, showing mature trees and younger trees in rear yard, February 7, 2023. 3105 E. Harmony, looking south from northwest corner of the building, showing mature trees along west side of rear yard, February 7, 2023. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 2 Packet Pg. 185 REAR ADDITIONS ITS Interpreting NUMBER 37 The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Re ha bil i ta tion Issue: Whenever possible, new additions should be con- structed on rear elevations where they will have less of an impact on the building’s historic integrity. Rear additions—like all new additions—should be subordinate to the original build- ing in size, scale, and massing, as well as design. Additions that feature a higher roofl ine, that extend beyond the side of the building, or that have a signifi cantly greater footprint than the original building are usually not compatible. The expansion of modest scale houses or those in prominent locations (such as a corner lot) can be particularly challenging. Standard 1 states that “A property should be used for its historic purpose or be placed in a new use that requires minimal change to the defi ning characteristics of the building and its site and envi- ronment.” In cases where an overly large addition is required in order to accommodate the owner’s programmatic needs, a more suitable building should be identifi ed. Rear additions that meet the Standards are compatible in de- sign, yet diff erentiated from the old building, often through a process of simplifi cation. For example, if the original house features narrow clapboard siding, multi-light double-hung sash windows and an elaborate decorative cornice, the new ad- dition could be sided with diff erent clapboards, one-over-one double-hung sash, and a less detailed cornice. New materials need not match exactly the historic materials but should be appropriate to the building type, compatible with existing materials, and unobtrusive in appearance. Rear additions that do not require signifi cant removal of exist- ing materials may help retain the house’s historic appearance and character. Connecting the new addition to the historic building with a modest hyphen can limit removal of historic materials, drastic structural changes, and irreversible changes to the original building. A hyphen can also more clearly dif- ferentiate new from old construction. Rear additions can also provide the opportunity to make a building accessible, rather than constructing ramps on a more prominent elevation. Top and Above: This historic house had been altered numerous times in the past--including multiple additions to the rear of the building. Application 1 (Incompatible treatment): This modest resi- dence began as a two-story log house. Later, the main portion of the house was converted into a distinctive Bungalow-style residence. Over time, multiple additions were also made along the natural grade at the rear of the house. Prior to rehabilita- tion, these later additions were quite deteriorated. National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Technical Preservation Services Subject: Rear Additions to Historic Houses Applicable Standards: 9. Compatible New Additions / Alterations 10. Reversibility of New Additions / Alterations ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 3 Packet Pg. 186 These bulletins are issued to explain preservation project decisions made by the U.S. Department of the Interior. The resulting de ter mi na tions, based on the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation, are not nec es sar i ly ap pli ca ble beyond the unique facts and circumstances of each particular case. Chad Randl, Technical Preservation Services, National Park Service June 2006, ITS Number 37 When the project began, the existing rear additions were determined to be beyond repair and were demolished. A re- placement addition of a similar size to those removed would likely have met the Standards. However, the new addition constructed on the rear doubled the size of the structure as it existed before the rehabilitation. As built, the cladding, open- ings, and roofl ines of the new addition were appropriate to the building’s historic character. Yet this was not suffi cient to overcome the eff ect of an addition substantially more massive than the additions that were demolished. With two full fl oors, a footprint that was much deeper than the previous additions, a new deck extending from the rear and side elevations, and signifi cant grade changes at the rear, this work competes for attention with the historic structure to which it is attached and has seriously impacted the property’s historic character. The size of this new rear addition—incorporating two fl oors and an ex- tended depth--combined with substantial changes to the site overwhelm the modest historic house. Right: The house prior to rehabilitation. Below right: Drawing of proposed rear addition and hyphen, show- ing how the new construction was subordinate in size to the historic house. Below left: New addition and connecting hyphen. The new materials and fenestration complement, yet are distinct from, the historic house. Application 2 (Compatible treatment): This large brick house was converted for use as offi ces. As part of the rehabilitation a new addition was constructed at the rear of the house. With a brick ground fl oor and a clapboard upper level set beneath a roofl ine that was lower in height than the original structure, the rear addition’s design was both distinct from, and compat- ible with, the size, scale, massing and architectural features of the historic house. The use of varied materials on the addition (brick below, clapboard above) was handled with restraint in a manner that did not compete visually with the main house. The addition provided space to locate new systems for the entire structure as well as accessibility to the historic house at grade, making exterior ramps unnecessary. A hyphen (with a lower roofl ine and narrower footprint) separated the new addition from the old, further distinguishing the various periods of construction and reducing the addition’s massing. The hyphen required only a minimal amount of distur- bance to the rear wall of the historic house and left the plan of the main house intact. If the addition were ever removed, the house’s historic integrity would remain undiminished. ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 3 Packet Pg. 187 3105 E Harmony Rd, Ziegler House June 21, 2023 Minor Amendment to Approve Addition Jim Bertolini, Senior Historic Preservation Planner HPC Role Provide a recommendation to the Planning staff regarding compliance with Section 3.4.7 of the land use code 2 1 2 ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 188 Project Summary • Adaptive Reuse of Main Farmhouse (2,100ft 2 +/-) • Construction of a 2,500ft 2 addition onto the rear • Modification of existing outdoor play/meeting space 3 4Site Harmony Corridor 3 4 ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 189 5 Harmony Community est. 1870 Ziegler Farmhouse, 1905 Preston Farm, 1893-1940 Harmony Cemetery Randleman’s Grove Harmony School, 1931 5400 Ziegler (Fossil Ridge HS) 5117 Ziegler Historic Resource Assessment - Built c. 1905 - Zieglers farmed 1895-1915 - 2-story brick residence - Significant under 3 standards: - Standard 1 (Events/Trends) in Agriculture: Harmony community. - Standard 2 (Persons/Groups) in Agriculture: Henry & Ella Ziegler. - Standard 3 (Design/Construction) in Architecture: Edwardian farmhouse. 6 5 6 ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 190 7 Proposed Site Plan 8Ziegler Farmhouse – Historic Conditions 7 8 ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 191 9Ziegler Farmhouse – Current & Proposed Conditions 10Ziegler Farmhouse – Current Conditions 9 10 ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 192 11 12 11 12 ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 193 13 13 14 ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 194 15Review Requirements SOI Standards for Rehabilitation Guidance – NPS ITS #37 – Additions on Historic Houses •Staff Analysis •Standards That Appear Met: • Standard 3 (Avoid False Sense of History) • Standard 4 (Retain Historic Alterations) • Standard 5 (Retain Distinctive Features) • Standard 6 (Repair First) • Standard 7 (Avoid Damage) • Standard 8 (Archaeology) •Staff Analysis •Standards That Need Discussion: • Standard 1 (Compatible Use) • Standard 2 (Preserve Overall Character) • Standard 9 (Compatible/Distinguishable Additions) • Standard 10 (Reversible Additions) 16Some Recommended Topics of Discussion •The addition is large and does extend out from the historic residence’s east wall plane – is a Modification of Standard warranted based on the context/circumstances? •Use of a hyphen, historic trees to the west, etc. •Does the size, scale, and footprint of the addition pose an issue under Rehab Standard 9 related to being compatible and subordinate? If so, is a Modification of Standards warranted based on the context/circumstances? 15 16 ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 195 17HPC Requests from Work Session •Clarify “hyphen” vs. breezeway and when which is appropriate • Breezeways often used in larger-scale (office/commercial) environments to differentiate but provide sheltered space between what are essentially 2 separate buildings • Hyphens are a way to distinguish an addition from a primary building, and often include useable space. •Clarification on site limitations • Some setback and detention requirements limiting addition placement • CASA aiming to keep sheltered/private programming space for families • Surviving historic cottonwood trees are along west property line and have a larger critical root zone to avoid during construction •Clarification on identification of character-defining features • Staff considered rear porch not character-defining due to losses in integrity 18HPC Requests from Work Session (cont.) •How has the HPC dealt with similar requests in the past? • limited to since 2019 code updates • Additions on Eligible (Not Landmarked) Buildings • 2019 – 612 S. Howes – new accessory duplex (fully detached) • 2020 – 609 S. College – differentiated recording studio addition w/ hyphen • Additions on Landmarked Buildings • 2021 – 237-243 Jefferson St. – Rooftop Addition • 2021 (2023) – 140 N. McKinley – residence, addition near fully screened from public view • 2022 – 1306 W. Mountain – residence, small addition, kept side walls at/inside historic wall plane • 2022 – 723 W. Olive – small addition; construction of larger ADU • 2022 – 220 Remington – visible & large addition, kept side walls at/inside historic wall plane 17 18 ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 196 19HPC Requests from Work Session (cont.) 609 S. College 612 S. Howes HPC Role Provide a recommendation to the Planning staff regarding compliance with Section 3.4.7 of the land use code Options to Recommend: •Approve w/ Modification of Standards • Approve • Approve w/ Conditions • Deny • Continue 20 19 20 ITEM 6, ATTACHMENT 4 Packet Pg. 197 UP DN UP HARMONY ROAD INTEL PROPERTYINTEL PROPERTYFIRE ACCESS LANE EXISTING PARKING TO REMAIN NEW OR RELOCATED PLAYGROUND EQUIPMENT NEW ORNAMENTAL FENCE WITH MASONRY COLUMNS TO MATCH EXISTING PORCH BIKE PARKING EGRESS GATE WITH PUSH BAR EXISTING MONUMENT E M E R GE N C Y A C C E S S E A S E M E N T20'-0 " 243'-1 197/256" EGRESS GATE WITH PUSH BAREXISTING FENCE SETBACK48'FAMILY PLAY YARD FAMILY PLAY YARD CHAIN LINK FENCE TO BE REPLACED TO MATCH EXISTING EXISTING ORNAMENTAL FENCE WITH MASONRY COLUMNS1" / 12"1" / 12"63'39'CONCRETE SIDEALK 5'-0"ACCESSIBLE RAMPEXISTING BUILDING SETBACK70'LEGAL DESCRIPTION: PARCEL NO.: 8604206902 ZONING DESIGNATION: HARMONY CORRIDOR DISTRICT (HC) SITE AREA: 43,304SF / 0.99 ACRES EXISTING (3 STORY) BUILDING AREA: 4,827SF ADDITION AREA: 2,535SF TOTAL BUILDING AREA: 7,362SF OPEN SPACE AREA: 39,160SF FRONT SETBACK: 80FT LEFT SETBACK: 5FT RIGHT SETBACK: 5FT REAR SETBACK: 5FT MAXIMUM BUILDING STORIES: 2-STORIES SITE INFORMATION SITE NOTES PARKING REQUIREMENT: MIN.MAX. 1/1,000 SF 3/1,000 SF 8 STALLS 24 STALLS HANDICAP PARKING REQUIREMENT: 1 ACCESSIBLE SPACE REQUIRED EXISTING PARKING: 25 STANDARD; 2 ACCESSIBLE PARKING REQUIREMENTS GAS PROVIDER: N/A ENERGY PROVIDER: N/A WATER PROVIDER: FORT COLLINS-LOVELAND WATER EASEMENTS PER PLAN: EMERGENCY ACCESS EASEMENT PROPOSED UTILITY INFORMATION BIKE PARKING REQUIRED: 1/4,000 SF OR 4 MIN. WITH 20% ENCLOSED/80%FIXED D1 D2 D3D1 D1 D1 D1 D4 D4 D4 D2 D5NEW ADDITION FOUNDATION LOCATION D3 D3 (E) OFFICE (E) TOILET (E) KITCHEN (E) STAIR (E) LOBBY (E) OFFICE EXISTING FRONT ENTRY UP UP UP DN UP 2 A3.01 A2.02 1 A2.01 2 A2.01 1 A2.02 2 814 CONFERENCE 111 100 WAITING 101 533 OPEN OFFICE 10275 OFFICE 103 74 OFFICE 104 70 OFFICE 106 84 OFFICE 108 47 TOILET 114 47 TOILET 113 22 JAN. 112 87 FURNITURE STORAGE 110 214 (E) OFFICE 127 486 (E) LOBBY 126 190 (E) KITCHEN 124 99 (E) STAIR 125 58 (E) TOILET 122 141 (E) OFFICE 121 23 (E) STAIR 123 13 (E) STRG. 128 3 A3.01 1 A3.01 1 A3.02 2 A3.02 A8.021 2A8.02 3 4 A8.025 A8.02 6 PORCH W1 WF2 WF1 A A B B C C 33 2 11 1.3 A1.04 1 34'-8"9'-10"6'-2"1'-6"4'-0"4'-4"4'-0"4'-4"4'-0"4'-4"4'-0"6'-10"4'-0"1'-6"3'-0" 6'-0"3'-0"5'-9" B B B AA E102 32'-7 1/2"30'-9 1/2"*102B*101A(F.F.E. 4932.53) 84 OFFICE 109 183 OFFICE 107 75 OFFICE 105 1/4" / 12"1" / 12"1" / 12"WF4 E1051'-6"18'-0"EQEQPANIC HARDWARE EXISTING OPENING TO BE WIDENED FOR DOOR 1'-6"4'-0" 9"4'-0"1'-0"4'-0"3'-11" 3'-0"6'-1"3'-0"4'-0"3'-0"4'-4"1'-6"9'-0"1'-6"4'-4"3'-0"4'-0"10'-7 3/8"33'-10 5/8"B B E103 B B A C A E101 W1 WF1 WF3 W1 WF2 WF1 W1 WF2WF1 W1 WF2 WF1 W1 WF4 WF3 WF1 WF2 WF1 W1W1 WF1 WF2 WF1 W1WF2 W1 WF1WF2 E10432.01 F3 32.01 3.01 A3.03 1 A6.011 A6.012 A6.01 3 22.08 102A103A 104A 105A 106A 107A 108A 109A 112A 114A 113A 110A 111A 110B 102C LOCKABLE W/ PANIC HARDWARE P3B A8.02 7 F3 5'-0" EXISTING OPENING TO BE INFILLED EXISTING OPENING TO BE INFILLED EXISTING DOOR TO BE WIDENED FOR ACCESSIBLE EGRESS